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class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 Family, infancy and exile from Greece </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family,_infancy_and_exile_from_Greece-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Upbringing_in_France,_Britain_and_Germany" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Upbringing_in_France,_Britain_and_Germany"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Upbringing in France, Britain and Germany </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Upbringing_in_France,_Britain_and_Germany-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Naval_and_wartime_service" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Naval_and_wartime_service"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Naval and wartime service </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Naval_and_wartime_service-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marriage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marriage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Marriage </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marriage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_duties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_duties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Early duties </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_duties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Consort_of_the_Queen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consort_of_the_Queen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Consort of the Queen </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Consort_of_the_Queen-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Consort of the Queen subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Consort_of_the_Queen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Royal_house" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Royal_house"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Royal house </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Royal_house-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supporting_the_Queen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supporting_the_Queen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Supporting the Queen </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supporting_the_Queen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Charities_and_patronages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Charities_and_patronages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Charities and patronages </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Charities_and_patronages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Charles_and_Diana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Charles_and_Diana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Charles and Diana </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Charles_and_Diana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Longevity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Longevity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Longevity </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Longevity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Final_years_and_retirement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Final_years_and_retirement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.6 Final years and retirement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Final_years_and_retirement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Death </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Legacy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Legacy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Interests" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Interests </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personality_and_image" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personality_and_image"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Personality and image </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personality_and_image-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Centenary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Centenary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Centenary </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Centenary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Portrayals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portrayals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Portrayals </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portrayals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Books </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Titles,_styles,_honours,_and_arms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Titles,_styles,_honours,_and_arms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Titles, styles, honours, and arms </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Titles,_styles,_honours,_and_arms-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Titles, styles, honours, and arms subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Titles,_styles,_honours,_and_arms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Honours_and_honorary_military_appointments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honours_and_honorary_military_appointments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Honours and honorary military appointments </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honours_and_honorary_military_appointments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Arms </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Issue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Issue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Issue </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Issue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ancestry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancestry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Ancestry </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancestry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.1 Citations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.2 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 111 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-111" aria-hidden="true" > 111 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_Phillip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Prince Phillip, Duke of Edinburgh – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Prince Phillip, Duke of Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prins_Philip,_Hertog_van_Edinburg" title="Prins Philip, Hertog van Edinburg – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Prins Philip, Hertog van Edinburg" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%8D%E1%8B%91%E1%88%8D_%E1%8D%8A%E1%88%8A%E1%8D%95_%E1%8B%A8%E1%8A%A4%E1%8B%B5%E1%8A%95%E1%89%A0%E1%88%AD%E1%8C%8D_%E1%88%98%E1%88%B5%E1%8D%8D%E1%8A%95" title="ልዑል ፊሊፕ የኤድንበርግ መስፍን – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ልዑል ፊሊፕ የኤድንበርግ መስፍን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filip_Heretoga_of_Edinbyrig" title="Filip Heretoga of Edinbyrig – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Filip Heretoga of Edinbyrig" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%A5%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="فيليب دوق إدنبرة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فيليب دوق إدنبرة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%B7%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%96%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%AB%D6%83,_%D4%B7%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%BA%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D4%B4%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%84%D5%BD" title="Իշխան Ֆիլիփ, Էտինպրայի Դուքս – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Իշխան Ֆիլիփ, Էտինպրայի Դուքս" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felipe_d%27Edimburgu" title="Felipe d'Edimburgu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Felipe d'Edimburgu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filip_Mauntbetten" title="Filip Mauntbetten – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Filip Mauntbetten" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%BE_(%D8%AF%D9%88%DA%A9_%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88)" title="فیلیپ (دوک ادینبرو) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فیلیپ (دوک ادینبرو)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putraraja_Philip,_Adipati_Edinburgh" title="Putraraja Philip, Adipati Edinburgh – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Putraraja Philip, Adipati Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburgh_Kong-chiok_Philip_Chhin-%C3%B4ng" title="Edinburgh Kong-chiok Philip Chhin-ông – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Edinburgh Kong-chiok Philip Chhin-ông" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BF_(%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96)" title="Філіп (герцаг Эдынбургскі) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Філіп (герцаг Эдынбургскі)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prinsipe_Felipe,_Duke_kan_Edinburgh" title="Prinsipe Felipe, Duke kan Edinburgh – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Prinsipe Felipe, Duke kan Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF,_%D1%85%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Филип, херцог на Единбург – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Филип, херцог на Единбург" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princ_Filip,_vojvoda_od_Edinburgha" title="Princ Filip, vojvoda od Edinburgha – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Princ Filip, vojvoda od Edinburgha" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Mountbatten" title="Philip Mountbatten – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Philip Mountbatten" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felip_d%27Edimburg" title="Felip d'Edimburg – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Felip d'Edimburg" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princ_Philip,_v%C3%A9voda_z_Edinburghu" title="Princ Philip, vévoda z Edinburghu – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Princ Philip, vévoda z Edinburghu" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Mountbatten" title="Philip Mountbatten – Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Philip Mountbatten" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chi-Chewa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fumu_Philip,_Fumu_ya_Edinburgh" title="Fumu Philip, Fumu ya Edinburgh – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Fumu Philip, Fumu ya Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiTumbuka</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filippu_di_Edimburgu" title="Filippu di Edimburgu – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Filippu di Edimburgu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y_Tywysog_Philip" title="Y Tywysog Philip – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Y Tywysog Philip" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prins_Philip,_hertug_af_Edinburgh" title="Prins Philip, hertug af Edinburgh – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Prins Philip, hertug af Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Philip, Duke of Edinburgh – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Philip, Duke of Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%95%DE%B0%DE%83%DE%A8%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%90%DE%B0_%DE%8A%DE%A8%DE%8D%DE%A8%DE%95%DE%B0%D8%8C_%DE%91%DE%AB%DE%86%DE%B0_%DE%87%DE%AE%DE%8A%DE%B0_%DE%87%DE%AC%DE%91%DE%A8%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%84%DE%A7%DE%83%DE%8E%DE%B0" title="ޕްރިންސް ފިލިޕް، ޑޫކް އޮފް އެޑިންބާރގް – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޕްރިންސް ފިލިޕް، ޑޫކް އޮފް އެޑިންބާރގް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prints_Philip,_Edinburghi_hertsog" title="Prints Philip, Edinburghi hertsog – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Prints Philip, Edinburghi hertsog" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%A6%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%80%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%82,_%CE%94%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%95%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Πρίγκιπας Φίλιππος, Δούκας του Εδιμβούργου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πρίγκιπας Φίλιππος, Δούκας του Εδιμβούργου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felipe_de_Edimburgo" title="Felipe de Edimburgo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Felipe de Edimburgo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princo_Filipo,_Duko_de_Edinburgo" title="Princo Filipo, Duko de Edinburgo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Princo Filipo, Duko de Edinburgo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Edinburgokoa" title="Philip Edinburgokoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Philip Edinburgokoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%BE%D8%8C_%D8%AF%D9%88%DA%A9_%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88" title="شاهزاده فیلیپ، دوک ادینبرو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شاهزاده فیلیپ، دوک ادینبرو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Mountbatten" title="Philip Mountbatten – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Philip Mountbatten" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip,_hartoch_fan_Edinburgh" title="Philip, hartoch fan Edinburgh – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Philip, hartoch fan Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prionsa_Pilib,_Di%C3%BAc_Dh%C3%BAn_%C3%89ideann" title="Prionsa Pilib, Diúc Dhún Éideann – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Prionsa Pilib, Diúc Dhún Éideann" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prionnsa_Philip,_Di%C3%B9c_Dh%C3%B9n_%C3%88ideann" title="Prionnsa Philip, Diùc Dhùn Èideann – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Prionnsa Philip, Diùc Dhùn Èideann" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipe_de_Edimburgo" title="Filipe de Edimburgo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Filipe de Edimburgo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%93%A0%EB%B2%84%EB%9F%AC_%EA%B3%B5%EC%9E%91_%ED%95%84%EB%A6%BD" title="에든버러 공작 필립 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="에든버러 공작 필립" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Mountbatten" title="Philip Mountbatten – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Philip Mountbatten" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Mountbatten" title="Philip Mountbatten – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Philip Mountbatten" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%B6_%D5%96%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%BA" title="Արքայազն Ֆիլիպ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Արքայազն Ֆիլիպ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA,_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%95" title="राजकुमार फ़िलिप, एडिनबर्ग के ड्यूक – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="राजकुमार फ़िलिप, एडिनबर्ग के ड्यूक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filip,_vojvoda_od_Edinburgha" title="Filip, vojvoda od Edinburgha – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Filip, vojvoda od Edinburgha" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Mountbatten" title="Philip Mountbatten – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Philip Mountbatten" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip,_Adipati_Edinburgh" title="Philip, Adipati Edinburgh – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Philip, Adipati Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filippus_prins,_hertogi_af_Edinborg" title="Filippus prins, hertogi af Edinborg – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Filippus prins, hertogi af Edinborg" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filippo_di_Edimburgo" title="Filippo di Edimburgo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Filippo di Edimburgo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9A_%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A4,_%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A1_%D7%90%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%95" title="הנסיך פיליפ, דוכס אדינבורו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הנסיך פיליפ, דוכס אדינבורו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%B0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98)" title="ფილიპი (ედინბურგის ჰერცოგი) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფილიპი (ედინბურგის ჰერცოგი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF,_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96" title="Филипп, Эдинбург герцогі – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Филипп, Эдинбург герцогі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Mountbatten" title="Philip Mountbatten – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Philip Mountbatten" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%AEl%C3%AEp,_Duk%C3%AA_Edinburgh%C3%AA" title="Fîlîp, Dukê Edinburghê – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Fîlîp, Dukê Edinburghê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B1%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Филипп Маунтбэттен – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Филипп Маунтбэттен" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippus_(dux_Edinburgensis)" title="Philippus (dux Edinburgensis) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Philippus (dux Edinburgensis)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princis_Filips" title="Princis Filips – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Princis Filips" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Philip, Duke of Edinburgh – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Philip, Duke of Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princas_Filipas" title="Princas Filipas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Princas Filipas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filip_de_Edimborgh" title="Filip de Edimborgh – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Filip de Edimborgh" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%BCl%C3%B6p_edinburgh-i_herceg" title="Fülöp edinburgh-i herceg – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fülöp edinburgh-i herceg" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86_%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF_(%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3)" title="Принц Филип (војвода од Единбург) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Принц Филип (војвода од Единбург)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Mountbatten" title="Philip Mountbatten – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Philip Mountbatten" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%BB" title="ഫിലിപ് രാജകുമാരൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഫിലിപ് രാജകുമാരൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prin%C4%8Bep_Philip,_Duka_ta%27_Edinburgu" title="Prinċep Philip, Duka ta' Edinburgu – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Prinċep Philip, Duka ta' Edinburgu" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piriniha_Philip,_Tiuka_o_%C4%92tinipara" title="Piriniha Philip, Tiuka o Ētinipara – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Piriniha Philip, Tiuka o Ētinipara" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA_(%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%95)" title="प्रिन्स फिलिप (एडिनबराचे ड्यूक) – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="प्रिन्स फिलिप (एडिनबराचे ड्यूक)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="فيليب دوق ادنبرة – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فيليب دوق ادنبرة" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putera_Philip,_Duke_Edinburgh" title="Putera Philip, Duke Edinburgh – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Putera Philip, Duke Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D0%BD,_%D1%85%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B6_%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Эдинбургийн гүн, хунтайж Филип – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Эдинбургийн гүн, хунтайж Филип" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%92%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%97%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7%E1%80%85%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8_%E1%80%99%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%96%E1%80%AD%E1%80%9C%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="အက်ဒင်ဗာရာမြို့စား မင်းသားဖိလစ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အက်ဒင်ဗာရာမြို့စား မင်းသားဖိလစ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Mountbatten" title="Philip Mountbatten – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Philip Mountbatten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA" title="राजकुमार फिलिप – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="राजकुमार फिलिप" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A3%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%83%97_(%E3%82%A8%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%90%E3%83%A9%E5%85%AC)" title="フィリップ (エディンバラ公) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フィリップ (エディンバラ公)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_Philip" title="Prince Philip – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Prince Philip" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip,_hertug_av_Edinburgh" title="Philip, hertug av Edinburgh – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Philip, hertug av Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prins_Philip,_hertug_av_Edinburgh" title="Prins Philip, hertug av Edinburgh – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Prins Philip, hertug av Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Mountbatten" title="Philip Mountbatten – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Philip Mountbatten" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%AA,_%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%8A%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC_%E0%A8%90%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%97" title="ਪ੍ਰਿੰਸ ਫਿਲਿਪ, ਡਿਊਕ ਆਫ਼ ਐਡਿਨਬਰਗ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪ੍ਰਿੰਸ ਫਿਲਿਪ, ਡਿਊਕ ਆਫ਼ ਐਡਿਨਬਰਗ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principe_Felipe" title="Principe Felipe – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Principe Felipe" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%BE" title="شهزاده فیلیپ – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="شهزاده فیلیپ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%87%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%85%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8B%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%9B%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%96_%E1%9E%8C%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%83%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%8C%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%BA%E1%9E%80" title="ព្រះអង្គម្ចាស់ភីលីព ឌុកនៃអេឌីនបឺក – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ព្រះអង្គម្ចាស់ភីលីព ឌុកនៃអេឌីនបឺក" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filip_d%27Edimborgh" title="Filip d'Edimborgh – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Filip d'Edimborgh" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filip_(ksi%C4%85%C5%BC%C4%99_Edynburga)" title="Filip (książę Edynburga) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Filip (książę Edynburga)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipe,_Duque_de_Edimburgo" title="Filipe, Duque de Edimburgo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Filipe, Duque de Edimburgo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipp,_Edinburg_gersog%C4%B1" title="Filipp, Edinburg gersogı – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Filipp, Edinburg gersogı" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filip,_Duce_de_Edinburgh" title="Filip, Duce de Edinburgh – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Filip, Duce de Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF,_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Филипп, герцог Эдинбургский – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Филипп, герцог Эдинбургский" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_Philip,_Duke_o_Edinburgh" title="Prince Philip, Duke o Edinburgh – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Prince Philip, Duke o Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_Philip" title="Prince Philip – Tswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Prince Philip" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="Tswana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Setswana</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipi_i_Edinburgut" title="Filipi i Edinburgut – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Filipi i Edinburgut" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%86%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F" title="ෆිලිප් කුමාරයා – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ෆිලිප් කුමාරයා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princ_Philip,_vojvoda_z_Edinburghu" title="Princ Philip, vojvoda z Edinburghu – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Princ Philip, vojvoda z Edinburghu" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princ_Filip,_vojvoda_Edinbur%C5%A1ki" title="Princ Filip, vojvoda Edinburški – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Princ Filip, vojvoda Edinburški" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%95_%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%BE" title="شازادە فیلیپ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شازادە فیلیپ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86_%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF,_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Принц Филип, војвода од Единбурга – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Принц Филип, војвода од Единбурга" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princ_Philip,_vojvoda_od_Edinburgha" title="Princ Philip, vojvoda od Edinburgha – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Princ Philip, vojvoda od Edinburgha" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prinssi_Philip,_Edinburghin_herttua" title="Prinssi Philip, Edinburghin herttua – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Prinssi Philip, Edinburghin herttua" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prins_Philip,_hertig_av_Edinburgh" title="Prins Philip, hertig av Edinburgh – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Prins Philip, hertig av Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prinsipe_Philip,_Duke_ng_Edinburgh" title="Prinsipe Philip, Duke ng Edinburgh – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Prinsipe Philip, Duke ng Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81,_%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="இளவரசர் பிலிப்பு, எடின்பரோ கோமகன் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இளவரசர் பிலிப்பு, எடின்பரோ கோமகன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9B_%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0" title="เจ้าชายฟิลิป ดยุกแห่งเอดินบะระ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เจ้าชายฟิลิป ดยุกแห่งเอดินบะระ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF" title="Шоҳзода Филипп – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Шоҳзода Филипп" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_(Edinburgh_d%C3%BCk%C3%BC)" title="Philip (Edinburgh dükü) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Philip (Edinburgh dükü)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BF,_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Філіп, герцог Единбурзький – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Філіп, герцог Единбурзький" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%81%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%81_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%BE%D8%8C_%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9_%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%88%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="شہزادہ فلپ، ڈیوک ایڈنبرا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شہزادہ فلپ، ڈیوک ایڈنبرا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippos_c%E1%BB%A7a_Hy_L%E1%BA%A1p_v%C3%A0_%C4%90an_M%E1%BA%A1ch,_C%C3%B4ng_t%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_x%E1%BB%A9_Edinburgh" title="Philippos của Hy Lạp và Đan Mạch, Công tước xứ Edinburgh – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Philippos của Hy Lạp và Đan Mạch, Công tước xứ Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prints_Philip,_Edinburghi_hertsok" title="Prints Philip, Edinburghi hertsok – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Prints Philip, Edinburghi hertsok" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prinsipe_Philip,_Duke_han_Edinburgh" title="Prinsipe Philip, Duke han Edinburgh – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Prinsipe Philip, Duke han Edinburgh" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E4%B8%81%E5%A0%A1%E5%85%AC%E7%88%B5%E8%8F%B2%E5%88%A9%E6%99%AE%E4%BA%B2%E7%8E%8B" title="爱丁堡公爵菲利普亲王 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="爱丁堡公爵菲利普亲王" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a 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For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Prince_Philip_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Prince Philip (disambiguation)">Prince Philip (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Prince Philip</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Duke of Edinburgh">Duke of Edinburgh</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_titles_and_honours_of_Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="List of titles and honours of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh">more</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><a href="/wiki/File:Duke_of_Edinburgh_33_Allan_Warren.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="refer to caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Duke_of_Edinburgh_33_Allan_Warren.jpg/220px-Duke_of_Edinburgh_33_Allan_Warren.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="327" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Duke_of_Edinburgh_33_Allan_Warren.jpg/330px-Duke_of_Edinburgh_33_Allan_Warren.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Duke_of_Edinburgh_33_Allan_Warren.jpg/440px-Duke_of_Edinburgh_33_Allan_Warren.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2949" data-file-height="4384" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">Portrait by <a href="/wiki/Allan_Warren" title="Allan Warren">Allan Warren</a>, 1992</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Consort_of_the_British_monarch" class="mw-redirect" title="Consort of the British monarch">Consort of the British monarch</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tenure</th><td class="infobox-data">6 February 1952 – 9 April 2021</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark (1921-06-10)10 June 1921<a href="#cite_note-dob-1">[fn 1]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mon_Repos,_Corfu" title="Mon Repos, Corfu">Mon Repos, Corfu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece">Kingdom of Greece</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">9 April 2021(2021-04-09) (aged 99) <a href="/wiki/Windsor_Castle" title="Windsor Castle">Windsor Castle</a>, Windsor, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data">17 April 2021 <div style="display:inline" class="label"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;">Royal Vault, <a href="/wiki/St_George%27s_Chapel,_Windsor_Castle" title="St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle">St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle</a></div> 19 September 2022 <div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/King_George_VI_Memorial_Chapel" title="King George VI Memorial Chapel">King George VI Memorial Chapel</a>, St George's Chapel</div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style>1947)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a> <a href="#Issue">Detail</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne,_Princess_Royal" title="Anne, Princess Royal">Anne, Princess Royal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Andrew,_Duke_of_York" title="Prince Andrew, Duke of York">Prince Andrew, Duke of York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh">Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Gl%C3%BCcksburg" title="House of Glücksburg">Glücksburg</a> (until 1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountbatten" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountbatten">Mountbatten</a> (from 1947)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Prince_Andrew_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark">Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Princess_Alice_of_Battenberg" title="Princess Alice of Battenberg">Princess Alice of Battenberg</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:PrincePhilipSignature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Prince Philip's signature"><img alt="Prince Philip's signature" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/PrincePhilipSignature.svg/125px-PrincePhilipSignature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/PrincePhilipSignature.svg/188px-PrincePhilipSignature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/PrincePhilipSignature.svg/250px-PrincePhilipSignature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1125" data-file-height="1095" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gordonstoun" title="Gordonstoun">Gordonstoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Naval_College,_Dartmouth" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Naval College, Dartmouth">Royal Naval College, Dartmouth</a></li></ul> </div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight:bold;">Military career</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Service / branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Years of active service</th><td class="infobox-data">1939–1952</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_titles_and_honours_of_Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="List of titles and honours of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh">Full list</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Commands</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/HMS_Magpie_(U82)" title="HMS Magpie (U82)">HMS Magpie</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Battles / wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li>Second World War <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Crete" title="Battle of Crete">Battle of Crete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Matapan" title="Battle of Cape Matapan">Battle of Cape Matapan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Sicily" title="Allied invasion of Sicily">Allied invasion of Sicily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Dragoon" title="Operation Dragoon">Operation Dragoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Robson" title="Operation Robson">Operation Robson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Lentil_(Sumatra)" title="Operation Lentil (Sumatra)">Operation Lentil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Okinawa" title="Battle of Okinawa">Battle of Okinawa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mentioned_in_dispatches" title="Mentioned in dispatches">Mentioned in dispatches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croix_de_Guerre_1939%E2%80%931945" title="Croix de Guerre 1939–1945">Croix de Guerre with Palm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_Cross_(Greece)" title="War Cross (Greece)">War Cross</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (born Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark,<a href="#cite_note-GreeceDenmarkNameBundle-2">[1]</a> later Philip Mountbatten; 10 June 1921<a href="#cite_note-dob-1">[fn 1]</a> – 9 April 2021), was the husband of <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a>. As such, he was the <a href="/wiki/Consort_of_the_British_monarch" class="mw-redirect" title="Consort of the British monarch">consort of the British monarch</a> from his wife's accession on 6 February 1952 until <a href="/wiki/Death_and_funeral_of_Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Death and funeral of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh">his death</a> in 2021, making him the longest-serving royal consort in history. Philip was born in Greece into the <a href="/wiki/Greek_royal_family" title="Greek royal family">Greek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Danish_royal_family" title="Danish royal family">Danish royal families</a>; his family was exiled from the country when he was eighteen months old. After being educated in France, Germany, and the United Kingdom, he joined the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> in 1939, when he was 18 years old. In July 1939, Philip began corresponding with the 13-year-old Princess Elizabeth, the elder daughter and <a href="/wiki/Heir_presumptive" title="Heir presumptive">heir presumptive</a> of <a href="/wiki/King_George_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="King George VI">King George VI</a>. During the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>, he served with distinction in the British <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Fleet" title="Mediterranean Fleet">Mediterranean</a> and <a href="/wiki/British_Pacific_Fleet" title="British Pacific Fleet">Pacific</a> fleets. In the summer of 1946, the King granted Philip permission to marry Elizabeth, then aged 20. Before the official announcement of their engagement in July 1947, Philip stopped using his Greek and Danish <a href="/wiki/Imperial,_royal_and_noble_ranks" title="Imperial, royal and noble ranks">royal titles and styles</a>, became a <a href="/wiki/Naturalised" class="mw-redirect" title="Naturalised">naturalised</a> <a href="/wiki/British_subject" title="British subject">British subject</a>, and adopted his maternal grandparents' surname <a href="/wiki/Mountbatten" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountbatten">Mountbatten</a>. In November 1947, he <a href="/wiki/Wedding_of_Princess_Elizabeth_and_Philip_Mountbatten" title="Wedding of Princess Elizabeth and Philip Mountbatten">married Elizabeth</a>, was granted the style <a href="/wiki/His_Royal_Highness" class="mw-redirect" title="His Royal Highness">His Royal Highness</a> and was created <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Duke of Edinburgh">Duke of Edinburgh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Merioneth" title="Earl of Merioneth">Earl of Merioneth</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Baron_Greenwich" title="Baron Greenwich">Baron Greenwich</a>. Philip left active military service when Elizabeth ascended the throne in 1952, having reached the rank of <a href="/wiki/Commander_(Royal_Navy)" title="Commander (Royal Navy)">commander</a>. In 1957, he was created a <a href="/wiki/British_prince" title="British prince">British prince</a>. Philip had four children with Elizabeth: <a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anne,_Princess_Royal" title="Anne, Princess Royal">Anne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prince_Andrew,_Duke_of_York" title="Prince Andrew, Duke of York">Andrew</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh">Edward</a>. A sports enthusiast, Philip helped develop the <a href="/wiki/Equestrianism" title="Equestrianism">equestrian</a> event of <a href="/wiki/Carriage_driving" title="Carriage driving">carriage driving</a>. He was <a href="/wiki/Patron" class="mw-redirect" title="Patron">patron</a>, president, or member of over 780 organisations, including the <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Fund_for_Nature" title="World Wide Fund for Nature">World Wide Fund for Nature</a>, and served as chairman of <a href="/wiki/The_Duke_of_Edinburgh%27s_Award" title="The Duke of Edinburgh's Award">The Duke of Edinburgh's Award</a>, a youth awards programme for people aged 14 to 24.<a href="#cite_note-3">[2]</a> Philip is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_longest-living_members_of_the_British_royal_family" title="List of longest-living members of the British royal family">longest-lived male member of the British royal family</a>. He retired from royal duties in 2017, aged 96, having completed 22,219 solo engagements and 5,493 speeches since 1952, and died at the age of 99 at <a href="/wiki/Windsor_Castle" title="Windsor Castle">Windsor Castle</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Family,_infancy_and_exile_from_Greece">Family, infancy and exile from Greece</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prince_Philip_as_a_toddler.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Prince_Philip_as_a_toddler.jpg/170px-Prince_Philip_as_a_toddler.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Prince_Philip_as_a_toddler.jpg/255px-Prince_Philip_as_a_toddler.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Prince_Philip_as_a_toddler.jpg/340px-Prince_Philip_as_a_toddler.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2692" data-file-height="3513" /></a><figcaption>At age one, July 1922</figcaption></figure> Prince Philip (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: Φίλιππος, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Greek" title="Romanization of Greek">romanised</a>: Phílippos)<a href="#cite_note-4">[3]</a> of Greece and Denmark was born on 10 June 1921 on the dining room table in <a href="/wiki/Mon_Repos,_Corfu" title="Mon Repos, Corfu">Mon Repos</a>, a villa on the Greek island of <a href="/wiki/Corfu" title="Corfu">Corfu</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHamilton198518-5">[4]</a> He was the only son and fifth and final child of <a href="/wiki/Prince_Andrew_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark">Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark</a> and his wife, <a href="/wiki/Princess_Alice_of_Battenberg" title="Princess Alice of Battenberg">Princess Alice of Battenberg</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth200456-6">[5]</a> Philip's father was the fourth son of <a href="/wiki/George_I_of_Greece" title="George I of Greece">King George I</a> and <a href="/wiki/Queen_Olga_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Olga of Greece">Queen Olga of Greece</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMontgomery-Massingberd1977325–327-7">[6]</a> and his mother was the eldest child of <a href="/wiki/Louis_Mountbatten,_1st_Marquess_of_Milford_Haven" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Milford Haven">Louis Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Milford Haven</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Mountbatten,_Marchioness_of_Milford_Haven" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria Mountbatten, Marchioness of Milford Haven">Victoria Mountbatten, Marchioness of Milford Haven</a> (formerly Prince Louis of Battenberg and Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZiegler2004-8">[7]</a> A member of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Gl%C3%BCcksburg" title="House of Glücksburg">House of Glücksburg</a>, Philip was a prince of both Greece and Denmark by virtue of his patrilineal descent from George I of Greece and George's father, <a href="/wiki/Christian_IX_of_Denmark" title="Christian IX of Denmark">Christian IX of Denmark</a>; he was from birth in the <a href="/wiki/Line_of_succession" class="mw-redirect" title="Line of succession">line of succession</a> to both thrones.<a href="#cite_note-10">[fn 2]</a> Philip's four elder sisters were <a href="/wiki/Princess_Margarita_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Princess Margarita of Greece and Denmark">Margarita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Princess_Theodora_of_Greece_and_Denmark_(1906%E2%80%931969)" title="Princess Theodora of Greece and Denmark (1906–1969)">Theodora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Princess_Cecilie_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Princess Cecilie of Greece and Denmark">Cecilie</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Princess_Sophie_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Princess Sophie of Greece and Denmark">Sophie</a>. He was <a href="/wiki/Baptised" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptised">baptised</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Orthodox">Greek Orthodox</a> rite at St. George's Church in the <a href="/wiki/Old_Fortress_in_Corfu" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Fortress in Corfu">Old Fortress in Corfu</a>. His godparents were his paternal grandmother, Queen Olga of Greece; his cousin <a href="/wiki/George,_Crown_Prince_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="George, Crown Prince of Greece">George, Crown Prince of Greece</a>; his uncle <a href="/wiki/Lord_Louis_Mountbatten" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Louis Mountbatten">Lord Louis Mountbatten</a>; and the municipality of Corfu, represented by its mayor, Alexandros Kokotos,<a href="#cite_note-11">[9]</a> and by the president of the council, Stylianos Maniarizis.<a href="#cite_note-12">[10]</a> Shortly after Philip's birth, his maternal grandfather died in London. The Marquess of Milford Haven was a naturalised <a href="/wiki/British_subject" title="British subject">British subject</a> who, after a career in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a>, had renounced his German titles and adopted the surname <a href="/wiki/Mountbatten" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountbatten">Mountbatten</a>—an <a href="/wiki/Anglicised" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglicised">Anglicised</a> version of <a href="/wiki/Battenberg_family" title="Battenberg family">Battenberg</a>—during the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a>, owing to <a href="/wiki/Anti-German_sentiment#First_World_War" title="Anti-German sentiment">anti-German sentiment</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">United Kingdom</a>. After visiting London for his grandfather's <a href="/wiki/Memorial_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Memorial service">memorial service</a>, Philip and his mother returned to Greece, where Prince Andrew had remained to command a <a href="/wiki/Greek_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Army">Greek Army</a> division embroiled in the <a href="/wiki/Greco-Turkish_War_(1919%E2%80%931922)" title="Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)">Greco-Turkish War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth200458–59-13">[11]</a> Greece suffered significant losses in the war and the Turks made substantial gains. Philip's uncle and high commander of the Greek <a href="/wiki/Expeditionary_warfare" title="Expeditionary warfare">expeditionary force</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_Constantine_I" class="mw-redirect" title="King Constantine I">King Constantine I</a>, was blamed for the defeat and was <a href="/wiki/1922_Greek_coup" class="mw-redirect" title="1922 Greek coup">forced to abdicate</a> in September 1922. The new military government arrested Andrew, along with others. General <a href="/wiki/Georgios_Hatzianestis" title="Georgios Hatzianestis">Georgios Hatzianestis</a>, who was <a href="/wiki/Commanding_officer" title="Commanding officer">commanding officer</a> of the army, and five senior politicians were arrested, tried, and executed in the <a href="/wiki/Trial_of_the_Six" title="Trial of the Six">Trial of the Six</a>. Andrew's life was also believed to be in danger and Alice was under surveillance. Finally, in December, a revolutionary court banished Andrew from Greece for life.<a href="#cite_note-14">[12]</a> The British naval vessel <a href="/wiki/HMS_Calypso_(D61)" title="HMS Calypso (D61)">HMS Calypso</a> evacuated Andrew's family, with Philip carried to safety in a fruit box.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlexandra195935–37Heald199131Vickers2000176–178-15">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Upbringing_in_France,_Britain_and_Germany">Upbringing in France, Britain and Germany</h3></div> Philip's family settled in a house in the Paris suburb of <a href="/wiki/Saint-Cloud" title="Saint-Cloud">Saint-Cloud</a> lent to them by his wealthy aunt, <a href="/wiki/Princess_George_of_Greece_and_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess George of Greece and Denmark">Princess George of Greece and Denmark</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlexandra195935–37Heald199131Vickers2000176–178-15">[13]</a> During his time there, Philip was first educated at The Elms, an American school in Paris run by Donald MacJannet, who described Philip as a "know it all smarty person, but always remarkably polite".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlexandra195942Heald199134-16">[14]</a> In 1930 Philip was sent to Britain to live with his maternal grandmother at <a href="/wiki/Kensington_Palace" title="Kensington Palace">Kensington Palace</a> and his uncle <a href="/wiki/George_Mountbatten,_2nd_Marquess_of_Milford_Haven" title="George Mountbatten, 2nd Marquess of Milford Haven">George Mountbatten, 2nd Marquess of Milford Haven</a>, at Lynden Manor in <a href="/wiki/Bray,_Berkshire" title="Bray, Berkshire">Bray, Berkshire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeald199135–39-17">[15]</a> He was then enrolled at <a href="/wiki/Cheam_School" title="Cheam School">Cheam School</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeald199135–39-17">[15]</a> Over the next three years, his four sisters married <a href="/wiki/German_prince" class="mw-redirect" title="German prince">German princes</a> and moved to Germany, his mother was diagnosed with <a href="/wiki/Schizophrenia" title="Schizophrenia">schizophrenia</a> and placed in an asylum,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth200466Vickers2000205-18">[16]</a> and his father took up residence in <a href="/wiki/Monte_Carlo" title="Monte Carlo">Monte Carlo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEade2011104-19">[17]</a> Philip had little contact with his mother for the remainder of his childhood.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth200467-20">[18]</a> In 1933 Philip was sent to <a href="/wiki/Schule_Schloss_Salem" title="Schule Schloss Salem">Schule Schloss Salem</a> in Germany, which had the "advantage of saving school fees", because it was owned by the family of his brother-in-law <a href="/wiki/Berthold,_Margrave_of_Baden" title="Berthold, Margrave of Baden">Berthold, Margrave of Baden</a>.<a href="#cite_note-21">[19]</a> With the <a href="/wiki/Rise_of_Nazism" class="mw-redirect" title="Rise of Nazism">rise of Nazism</a> in Germany, Salem's Jewish founder, <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Hahn" title="Kurt Hahn">Kurt Hahn</a>, fled persecution and founded <a href="/wiki/Gordonstoun_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Gordonstoun School">Gordonstoun School</a> in Scotland, to which Philip moved after two terms at Salem.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth200472Heald199142-22">[20]</a> In 1937, his sister Cecilie; her husband, <a href="/wiki/Georg_Donatus,_Hereditary_Grand_Duke_of_Hesse" title="Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse">Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse</a>; their two sons; and <a href="/wiki/Princess_Eleonore_of_Solms-Hohensolms-Lich" title="Princess Eleonore of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich">Georg Donatus's mother</a> were killed in an <a href="/wiki/1937_Sabena_Junkers_Ju_52_Ostend_crash" title="1937 Sabena Junkers Ju 52 Ostend crash">air crash at Ostend</a>; Philip, then 16 years old, attended the funeral in <a href="/wiki/Darmstadt" title="Darmstadt">Darmstadt</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth200469Vickers2000273-23">[21]</a> Cecilie and Georg Donatus were members of the <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Party" title="Nazi Party">Nazi Party</a>.<a href="#cite_note-24">[22]</a> The following year, Philip's uncle and guardian Lord Milford Haven died of <a href="/wiki/Bone_marrow_cancer" class="mw-redirect" title="Bone marrow cancer">bone marrow cancer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth200477,_136-25">[23]</a> Milford Haven's younger brother Lord Louis took parental responsibility for Philip for the remainder of his youth.<a href="#cite_note-26">[24]</a> Philip did not speak Greek because he had left Greece as an infant. In 1992 he said that he "could understand a certain amount".<a href="#cite_note-independent-27">[25]</a> He stated that he thought of himself as Danish and spoke mostly English, while his family was multilingual.<a href="#cite_note-independent-27">[25]</a> Known for his charm in his youth, Philip was linked to several women, including <a href="/wiki/Osla_Benning" title="Osla Benning">Osla Benning</a>.<a href="#cite_note-28">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Naval_and_wartime_service">Naval and wartime service</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HMS_Valiant-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/HMS_Valiant-2.jpg/260px-HMS_Valiant-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/HMS_Valiant-2.jpg/390px-HMS_Valiant-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/HMS_Valiant-2.jpg/520px-HMS_Valiant-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="740" data-file-height="403" /></a><figcaption>Philip served aboard <a href="/wiki/HMS_Valiant_(1914)" title="HMS Valiant (1914)">HMS Valiant</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Mediterranean" title="Battle of the Mediterranean">Battle of the Mediterranean</a>.</figcaption></figure> After leaving Gordonstoun in early 1939, Philip completed a term as a <a href="/wiki/Cadet" title="Cadet">cadet</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Naval_College,_Dartmouth" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Naval College, Dartmouth">Royal Naval College, Dartmouth</a>, then <a href="/wiki/Repatriated" class="mw-redirect" title="Repatriated">repatriated</a> to Greece, living with his mother in <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> for a month in mid-1939. At the behest of <a href="/wiki/King_George_II_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="King George II of Greece">King George II of Greece</a>, his first cousin, he returned to Britain in September to resume training for the Royal Navy.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEade2011129–130Vickers2000284–285,_433-29">[27]</a> He graduated from Dartmouth the next year as the best cadet in his course.<a href="#cite_note-royalgov-30">[28]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>, he continued to serve in the <a href="/wiki/British_forces" class="mw-redirect" title="British forces">British forces</a>, while two of his brothers-in-law, <a href="/wiki/Prince_Christoph_of_Hesse" title="Prince Christoph of Hesse">Prince Christoph of Hesse</a> and Berthold, Margrave of Baden, fought on the opposing German side.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVickers2000293–295-31">[29]</a> Philip was appointed as a <a href="/wiki/Midshipman" title="Midshipman">midshipman</a> in January 1940. He spent four months on the battleship <a href="/wiki/HMS_Ramillies_(07)" title="HMS Ramillies (07)">HMS Ramillies</a>, protecting <a href="/wiki/Convoy" title="Convoy">convoys</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Australian_Imperial_Force" title="Second Australian Imperial Force">Australian Expeditionary Force</a> in the Indian Ocean, followed by shorter postings on <a href="/wiki/HMS_Kent_(54)" title="HMS Kent (54)">HMS Kent</a>, on <a href="/wiki/HMS_Shropshire" title="HMS Shropshire">HMS Shropshire</a>, and in <a href="/wiki/British_Ceylon" title="British Ceylon">British Ceylon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEade2011132–133-32">[30]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Greece_by_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasion of Greece by Italy">invasion of Greece by Italy</a> in October 1940, he was transferred from the Indian Ocean to the battleship <a href="/wiki/HMS_Valiant_(1914)" title="HMS Valiant (1914)">HMS Valiant</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Fleet" title="Mediterranean Fleet">Mediterranean Fleet</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeald199160-33">[31]</a> Philip was commissioned as a <a href="/wiki/Sub-lieutenant" title="Sub-lieutenant">sub-lieutenant</a> on 1 February 1941 after a series of courses at <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth" title="Portsmouth">Portsmouth</a>, in which he gained the top grade in four out of five sections of the qualifying examination.<a href="#cite_note-34">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004154Heald199166-35">[33]</a> Among other engagements, he was involved in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Crete" title="Battle of Crete">Battle of Crete</a> and was <a href="/wiki/Mentioned_in_dispatches" title="Mentioned in dispatches">mentioned in dispatches</a> for his service during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Matapan" title="Battle of Cape Matapan">Battle of Cape Matapan</a>, in which he controlled the battleship's <a href="/wiki/Searchlight" title="Searchlight">searchlights</a>. He was also awarded the <a href="/wiki/Greek_War_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek War Cross">Greek War Cross</a>.<a href="#cite_note-royalgov-30">[28]</a> In June 1942, he was appointed to the destroyer <a href="/wiki/HMS_Wallace_(1918)" title="HMS Wallace (1918)">HMS Wallace</a>, which was involved in convoy escort tasks on the east coast of Britain, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Sicily" title="Allied invasion of Sicily">Allied invasion of Sicily</a>.<a href="#cite_note-smith-36">[34]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prince_Philip_beard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A photograph of a young, bearded Philip" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Prince_Philip_beard.jpg/170px-Prince_Philip_beard.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Prince_Philip_beard.jpg/255px-Prince_Philip_beard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Prince_Philip_beard.jpg/340px-Prince_Philip_beard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2206" data-file-height="2958" /></a><figcaption>In Melbourne, 1945</figcaption></figure> Promotion to <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_(navy)" title="Lieutenant (navy)">lieutenant</a> followed on 16 July 1942.<a href="#cite_note-37">[35]</a> In October of the same year, aged 21, Philip became <a href="/wiki/First_lieutenant" title="First lieutenant">first lieutenant</a> of HMS Wallace. He was one of the youngest first lieutenants in the Royal Navy. During the invasion of Sicily, in July 1943, as <a href="/wiki/Second-in-command" title="Second-in-command">second-in-command</a> of Wallace, he saved his ship from a <a href="/wiki/Night_bomber" title="Night bomber">night bomber</a> attack. He devised a plan to launch a <a href="/wiki/Raft" title="Raft">raft</a> with smoke floats that successfully distracted the bombers, allowing the ship to slip away unnoticed.<a href="#cite_note-smith-36">[34]</a> In 1944, he moved on to the new destroyer, <a href="/wiki/HMS_Whelp_(R37)" title="HMS Whelp (R37)">HMS Whelp</a>, where he saw service with the <a href="/wiki/British_Pacific_Fleet" title="British Pacific Fleet">British Pacific Fleet</a> in the 27th Destroyer Flotilla.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004155–163Heald199166–67-38">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[37]</a> He was present in <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Bay" title="Tokyo Bay">Tokyo Bay</a> when the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Instrument_of_Surrender" title="Japanese Instrument of Surrender">Japanese Instrument of Surrender</a> was signed. Philip returned to the United Kingdom on the Whelp in January 1946 and was posted as an instructor at <a href="/wiki/HMS_Royal_Arthur_(shore_establishment)" title="HMS Royal Arthur (shore establishment)">HMS Royal Arthur</a>, the Petty Officers' School in <a href="/wiki/Corsham" title="Corsham">Corsham</a>, Wiltshire.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004176-40">[38]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marriage">Marriage</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Wedding_of_Princess_Elizabeth_and_Philip_Mountbatten" title="Wedding of Princess Elizabeth and Philip Mountbatten">Wedding of Princess Elizabeth and Philip Mountbatten</a></div> In 1939 <a href="/wiki/King_George_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="King George VI">King George VI</a> and <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_The_Queen_Mother" title="Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother">Queen Elizabeth</a> toured the Royal Naval College, Dartmouth. During the visit, the Queen and Lord Louis Mountbatten asked his nephew Philip to escort the royal couple's daughters, 13-year-old <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth</a> and 9-year-old <a href="/wiki/Princess_Margaret,_Countess_of_Snowdon" title="Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon">Margaret</a>, who were Philip's third cousins through <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom">Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom</a> and second cousins once removed through King Christian IX of Denmark.<a href="#cite_note-ancestry-41">[39]</a> Philip and Elizabeth had first met as children in 1934 at <a href="/wiki/Wedding_of_Prince_George_and_Princess_Marina" title="Wedding of Prince George and Princess Marina">the wedding</a> of Elizabeth's uncle <a href="/wiki/Prince_George,_Duke_of_Kent" title="Prince George, Duke of Kent">Prince George, Duke of Kent</a>, to Philip's first cousin, <a href="/wiki/Princess_Marina_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark">Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark</a>. After their 1939 meeting, Elizabeth fell in love with Philip, and they began to exchange letters.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004132–136,_166–168-42">[40]</a> Eventually, in the summer of 1946, Philip asked George VI for his daughter's hand in marriage. The King granted his request, provided that any formal engagement be delayed until Elizabeth's 21st birthday the following April.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004183-43">[41]</a> By March 1947, Philip had adopted the surname Mountbatten from his mother's family and had stopped using his Greek and Danish royal titles upon becoming a naturalised British subject. The engagement was announced to the public on 9 July 1947.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeald199177-44">[42]</a> The engagement attracted some controversy; Philip had no financial standing, was foreign-born, and had sisters who had married German noblemen with Nazi links.<a href="#cite_note-45">[43]</a> <a href="/wiki/Marion_Crawford" title="Marion Crawford">Marion Crawford</a> wrote: "Some of the King's advisors did not think him good enough for her. He was a prince without a home or kingdom. Some of the papers played long and loud tunes on the string of Philip's foreign origin."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrawford1950180-46">[44]</a> Later biographies reported that Elizabeth's mother had reservations about the union initially and teased Philip as "<a href="/wiki/Hun_(pejorative)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hun (pejorative)">the Hun</a>".<a href="#cite_note-47">[45]</a> In later life, however, she told the biographer <a href="/wiki/Tim_Heald" title="Tim Heald">Tim Heald</a> that Philip was "an English gentleman".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeald2007xviii-48">[46]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Princess_Elizabeth_and_Duke_of_Edinburgh_wedding_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Princess_Elizabeth_and_Duke_of_Edinburgh_wedding_portrait.jpg/220px-Princess_Elizabeth_and_Duke_of_Edinburgh_wedding_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Princess_Elizabeth_and_Duke_of_Edinburgh_wedding_portrait.jpg/330px-Princess_Elizabeth_and_Duke_of_Edinburgh_wedding_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Princess_Elizabeth_and_Duke_of_Edinburgh_wedding_portrait.jpg/440px-Princess_Elizabeth_and_Duke_of_Edinburgh_wedding_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2335" data-file-height="2998" /></a><figcaption>Wedding portrait of Philip and Elizabeth</figcaption></figure> Though Philip appeared "always to have regarded himself as an <a href="/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a>",<a href="#cite_note-49">[47]</a> and he had attended Anglican services with his classmates and relations in England and throughout his Royal Navy days, he was baptised in the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Church" title="Greek Orthodox Church">Greek Orthodox Church</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Fisher" title="Geoffrey Fisher">Geoffrey Fisher</a>, wanted to "regularise" Philip's position by officially receiving him into the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoothroyd197145–47-50">[48]</a> which he did in October 1947.<a href="#cite_note-51">[49]</a> The day before the wedding, the King bestowed the <a href="/wiki/Style_(form_of_address)" title="Style (form of address)">style</a> of <a href="/wiki/Royal_Highness" title="Royal Highness">Royal Highness</a> on Philip, and, on the morning of the wedding, 20 November 1947, he was made the <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Duke of Edinburgh">Duke of Edinburgh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Merioneth" title="Earl of Merioneth">Earl of Merioneth</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Baron_Greenwich" title="Baron Greenwich">Baron Greenwich</a> of Greenwich in the County of London.<a href="#cite_note-LG_21_Nov_1947-52">[50]</a> Consequently, being already a <a href="/wiki/Knight_of_the_Garter" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight of the Garter">Knight of the Garter</a>, between 19 and 20 November 1947, he bore the unusual style Lieutenant His Royal Highness Sir Philip Mountbatten and is so described in the <a href="/wiki/Letters_patent_(United_Kingdom)" title="Letters patent (United Kingdom)">letters patent</a> of 20 November 1947.<a href="#cite_note-LG_21_Nov_1947-52">[50]</a> Philip and Elizabeth were married in a ceremony at <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a>, recorded and broadcast by <a href="/wiki/BBC_radio" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC radio">BBC radio</a> to 200 million people around the world.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeald199186-53">[51]</a> In post-war Britain, it was unacceptable for any of Philip's German relations, including his three surviving sisters, to be invited to the wedding. After their marriage, Philip and Elizabeth took residence at <a href="/wiki/Clarence_House" title="Clarence House">Clarence House</a>. Their first two children were born before Elizabeth's accession in 1952: <a href="/wiki/Prince_Charles" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Charles">Prince Charles</a> in November 1948 and <a href="/wiki/Princess_Anne" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess Anne">Princess Anne</a> in August 1950. The couple's marriage was the longest of any British monarch, lasting over 73 years until Philip died in 2021.<a href="#cite_note-54">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[53]</a> Concerned by her father's poor health, Elizabeth insisted that Philip <a href="/wiki/Give_up_smoking" class="mw-redirect" title="Give up smoking">give up smoking</a>, which he did <a href="/wiki/Cold_turkey" title="Cold turkey">cold turkey</a> on their wedding day.<a href="#cite_note-56">[54]</a> Philip was <a href="/wiki/Introduced_to_the_House_of_Lords" class="mw-redirect" title="Introduced to the House of Lords">introduced to the House of Lords</a> on 21 July 1948,<a href="#cite_note-57">[55]</a> immediately before his uncle Louis Mountbatten, who had been made <a href="/wiki/Earl_Mountbatten_of_Burma" title="Earl Mountbatten of Burma">Earl Mountbatten of Burma</a>.<a href="#cite_note-58">[56]</a> Philip ostensibly never spoke in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a>.<a href="#cite_note-59">[57]</a> He, his sons and other royals ceased to be members of the House of Lords following the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords_Act_1999" title="House of Lords Act 1999">House of Lords Act 1999</a>, although Philip's former brother-in-law, <a href="/wiki/Lord_Snowdon" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Snowdon">Lord Snowdon</a>, remained in the House.<a href="#cite_note-Watt-60">[58]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_duties">Early duties</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Princess_Elizabeth,_Prince_Philip_and_Louis_St._Laurent_(retouched).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Princess_Elizabeth%2C_Prince_Philip_and_Louis_St._Laurent_%28retouched%29.jpg/220px-Princess_Elizabeth%2C_Prince_Philip_and_Louis_St._Laurent_%28retouched%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Princess_Elizabeth%2C_Prince_Philip_and_Louis_St._Laurent_%28retouched%29.jpg/330px-Princess_Elizabeth%2C_Prince_Philip_and_Louis_St._Laurent_%28retouched%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Princess_Elizabeth%2C_Prince_Philip_and_Louis_St._Laurent_%28retouched%29.jpg/440px-Princess_Elizabeth%2C_Prince_Philip_and_Louis_St._Laurent_%28retouched%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="795" /></a><figcaption>With Elizabeth on their 1951 tour of Canada, meeting Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Louis_St._Laurent" title="Louis St. Laurent">Louis St. Laurent</a> (right)</figcaption></figure> After his honeymoon at the Mountbatten family home, <a href="/wiki/Broadlands" title="Broadlands">Broadlands</a>, Philip returned to the navy, at first in a desk job at <a href="/wiki/The_Admiralty" class="mw-redirect" title="The Admiralty">the Admiralty</a> and later on a staff course at the <a href="/wiki/Naval_Staff_College,_Greenwich" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval Staff College, Greenwich">Naval Staff College, Greenwich</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlexandra1959100,_105–106-61">[59]</a> From 1949 he was stationed in <a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Malta" title="Crown Colony of Malta">Malta</a> (residing at <a href="/wiki/Villa_Guardamangia" title="Villa Guardamangia">Villa Guardamangia</a>) after being posted as the first lieutenant of the destroyer <a href="/wiki/HMS_Chequers" title="HMS Chequers">HMS Chequers</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Lead_ship" title="Lead ship">lead ship</a> of the <a href="/wiki/1st_Destroyer_Flotilla" title="1st Destroyer Flotilla">1st Destroyer Flotilla</a> in the Mediterranean Fleet.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeald199194-62">[60]</a> He was promoted to <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_commander_(Royal_Navy)" title="Lieutenant commander (Royal Navy)">lieutenant commander</a> on 16 July 1950 and given command of the frigate <a href="/wiki/HMS_Magpie_(U82)" title="HMS Magpie (U82)">HMS Magpie</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeald199195-63">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[62]</a> Philip was promoted to <a href="/wiki/Commander_(Royal_Navy)" title="Commander (Royal Navy)">commander</a> on 30 June 1952,<a href="#cite_note-65">[63]</a> though his active naval career had ended in July 1951.<a href="#cite_note-66">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeald199197-67">[65]</a> With the King in ill health, Elizabeth and Philip were both appointed to the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_(United_Kingdom)" title="Privy Council (United Kingdom)">Privy Council</a> on 4 November 1951, after a coast-to-coast tour of Canada. At the end of January 1952, the couple set out on a tour of <a href="/wiki/The_Commonwealth" class="mw-redirect" title="The Commonwealth">the Commonwealth</a>. They were in <a href="/wiki/Kenya_Colony" title="Kenya Colony">Kenya</a> when <a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_George_VI" title="Death and state funeral of George VI">Elizabeth's father died</a> on 6 February 1952, and she became queen. Philip broke the news to Elizabeth at <a href="/wiki/Sagana_Lodge" title="Sagana Lodge">Sagana Lodge</a>, and the royal party immediately returned to the United Kingdom.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004245–247-68">[66]</a> In December 1952, Philip was initiated into <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">Freemasonry</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Worshipful_Master" class="mw-redirect" title="Worshipful Master">Worshipful Master</a> of Navy Lodge No 2612, honouring a commitment he had made to George VI, who had made it clear that he expected Philip to maintain the tradition of royal patronage of Freemasonry. However, according to one journalist writing in 1983, Philip's mother-in-law and his uncle <a href="/wiki/Lord_Mountbatten" title="Lord Mountbatten">Lord Mountbatten</a> had unfavourable views of Freemasonry; after his initiation, Philip took no further part in the organisation. Although as the consort of the Queen, he might in time have been made <a href="/wiki/Grand_Master_(Freemasonry)" title="Grand Master (Freemasonry)">Grand Master</a> of British Freemasonry, Elizabeth's cousin <a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Kent" title="Prince Edward, Duke of Kent">Prince Edward, Duke of Kent</a>, assumed that role in 1967. Philip's son Charles apparently never joined Freemasonry.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnight1984[httpsarchiveorgdetailsTheBrotherhoodKnightStephenpagen209_211]-69">[67]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Consort_of_the_Queen">Consort of the Queen</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Royal_house">Royal house</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Elizabeth_and_Philip_1953.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Elizabeth_and_Philip_1953.jpg/220px-Elizabeth_and_Philip_1953.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="321" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Elizabeth_and_Philip_1953.jpg/330px-Elizabeth_and_Philip_1953.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Elizabeth_and_Philip_1953.jpg/440px-Elizabeth_and_Philip_1953.jpg 2x" data-file-width="515" data-file-height="751" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Elizabeth_II" title="Coronation of Elizabeth II">Coronation</a> portrait of Elizabeth II with Philip, June 1953, by <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Beaton" title="Cecil Beaton">Cecil Beaton</a></figcaption></figure> Elizabeth's accession to the throne brought up the question of the name of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal house">royal house</a>, as Elizabeth would typically have taken Philip's last name upon marriage. Lord Mountbatten advocated the name House of Mountbatten. Philip suggested House of Edinburgh after his ducal title.<a href="#cite_note-70">[68]</a> When Elizabeth's grandmother <a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Teck" title="Mary of Teck">Queen Mary</a> heard of this, she informed <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a>, who later advised Elizabeth to issue a royal proclamation declaring that the royal house was to remain known as the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Windsor" title="House of Windsor">House of Windsor</a>. Philip privately complained, "I am nothing but a bloody amoeba. I am the only man in the country not allowed to give his name to his own children."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004253–254-71">[69]</a> In February 1960, the Queen issued an <a href="/wiki/Order_in_Council" title="Order in Council">Order in Council</a> declaring that <a href="/wiki/Mountbatten-Windsor" title="Mountbatten-Windsor">Mountbatten-Windsor</a> would be the surname of the couple's <a href="/wiki/Male-line_descendant" class="mw-redirect" title="Male-line descendant">male-line descendants</a> who are not styled as Royal Highness or titled as prince or princess.<a href="#cite_note-72">[70]</a> While it seems Elizabeth had "absolutely set her heart" on such a change and had it in mind for some time, it occurred only 11 days before the birth of their third child, <a href="/wiki/Prince_Andrew" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Andrew">Prince Andrew</a>, and only after three months of protracted correspondence between English constitutional expert <a href="/wiki/Edward_Iwi" title="Edward Iwi">Edward Iwi</a> (who averred that, without such a change, the royal child would be born with "the Badge of Bastardy") and <a href="/wiki/Harold_Macmillan" title="Harold Macmillan">Harold Macmillan</a>, who had attempted to refute Iwi's arguments.<a href="#cite_note-73">[71]</a> Elizabeth and Philip's fourth child, <a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh">Prince Edward</a>, was born in March 1964.<a href="#cite_note-74">[72]</a> Six months after she acceded to the throne, Elizabeth announced that Philip was to have "place, pre-eminence and precedence" next to her "on all occasions and in all meetings, except where otherwise provided by <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Act of Parliament">Act of Parliament</a>".<a href="#cite_note-75">[73]</a> She also intervened to ensure that Philip would serve as <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a> for their son Charles in the event of her unexpected death.<a href="#cite_note-76">[74]</a> Parliament passed <a href="/wiki/Regency_Act_1953" class="mw-redirect" title="Regency Act 1953">a bill</a> to that effect in 1953.<a href="#cite_note-77">[75]</a> Contrary to rumours over the years, Elizabeth and Philip were said by insiders to have had a strong relationship throughout their marriage, despite the challenges of Elizabeth's reign.<a href="#cite_note-78">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-itv-79">[77]</a> Elizabeth referred to Philip in a speech on the occasion of her <a href="/wiki/Diamond_Jubilee_of_Elizabeth_II" title="Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II">Diamond Jubilee in 2012</a> as her "constant strength and guide".<a href="#cite_note-itv-79">[77]</a> Philip received a Parliamentary <a href="/wiki/Annuity" title="Annuity">annuity</a> (of £359,000 since 1990<a href="#cite_note-80">[fn 3]</a>) to meet official expenses in carrying out public duties. The annuity was unaffected by the reform of royal finances under the <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Grant_Act_2011" title="Sovereign Grant Act 2011">Sovereign Grant Act 2011</a>.<a href="#cite_note-81">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[79]</a> Any part of the allowance that was not used to meet official expenditure was liable for tax. In practice, the entire allowance was used to fund his official duties.<a href="#cite_note-83">[80]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supporting_the_Queen">Supporting the Queen</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh,_Cambridge,_Waikato_(January_1_1954)_(17843185594).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Prince_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh%2C_Cambridge%2C_Waikato_%28January_1_1954%29_%2817843185594%29.jpg/170px-Prince_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh%2C_Cambridge%2C_Waikato_%28January_1_1954%29_%2817843185594%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Prince_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh%2C_Cambridge%2C_Waikato_%28January_1_1954%29_%2817843185594%29.jpg/255px-Prince_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh%2C_Cambridge%2C_Waikato_%28January_1_1954%29_%2817843185594%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Prince_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh%2C_Cambridge%2C_Waikato_%28January_1_1954%29_%2817843185594%29.jpg/340px-Prince_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh%2C_Cambridge%2C_Waikato_%28January_1_1954%29_%2817843185594%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2316" data-file-height="3180" /></a><figcaption>With Elizabeth in New Zealand, 1954</figcaption></figure> As consort, Philip supported his wife in her duties as <a href="/wiki/Sovereign" title="Sovereign">sovereign</a>, accompanying her to ceremonies such as the <a href="/wiki/State_Opening_of_Parliament" title="State Opening of Parliament">State Opening of Parliament</a> in various countries, <a href="/wiki/State_dinner" class="mw-redirect" title="State dinner">state dinners</a>, and tours abroad. As chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_British_monarch" title="Coronation of the British monarch">Coronation</a> Commission, he was the first member of the royal family to fly in a <a href="/wiki/Helicopter" title="Helicopter">helicopter</a>, visiting the troops that were to take part in the ceremony.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004259-84">[81]</a> Philip was not himself crowned in the coronation service, but knelt before Elizabeth, with her hands enclosing his, and swore to be her "liege man of life and limb".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004263-85">[82]</a> For six months, spanning 1953 and 1954, they toured the Commonwealth; as was customary during previous tours, the children remained in Britain.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004278-86">[83]</a> In the early 1950s, Philip's sister-in-law, Princess Margaret, considered marrying a divorced older man, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Townsend_(RAF_officer)" title="Peter Townsend (RAF officer)">Peter Townsend</a>. The press accused Philip of being hostile to the match, to which he replied: "I haven't done anything."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004270-87">[84]</a> Eventually, Margaret and Townsend parted.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004278-86">[83]</a> In 1960 <a href="/wiki/Wedding_of_Princess_Margaret_and_Antony_Armstrong-Jones" title="Wedding of Princess Margaret and Antony Armstrong-Jones">Margaret married</a> <a href="/wiki/Antony_Armstrong-Jones" class="mw-redirect" title="Antony Armstrong-Jones">Antony Armstrong-Jones</a>, who was created <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Snowdon" title="Earl of Snowdon">Earl of Snowdon</a> the following year. They divorced in 1978; Margaret did not remarry.<a href="#cite_note-88">[85]</a> In 1956 Philip and Kurt Hahn founded <a href="/wiki/The_Duke_of_Edinburgh%27s_Award" title="The Duke of Edinburgh's Award">The Duke of Edinburgh's Award</a> to give young people "a sense of responsibility to themselves and their communities". In the same year, he also established the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Study_Conference" title="Commonwealth Study Conference">Commonwealth Study Conferences</a>. From 1956 to 1957, he travelled around the world aboard the newly commissioned <a href="/wiki/HMY_Britannia" title="HMY Britannia">HMY Britannia</a>, during which he opened the <a href="/wiki/1956_Summer_Olympics" title="1956 Summer Olympics">1956 Summer Olympics</a> in <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> and visited the <a href="/wiki/Antarctic" title="Antarctic">Antarctic</a>, becoming the first royal to cross the <a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Circle" title="Antarctic Circle">Antarctic Circle</a>.<a href="#cite_note-royanikkhah-89">[86]</a> Elizabeth and the children remained in Britain. On the return leg of the journey, Philip's <a href="/wiki/Private_secretary" title="Private secretary">private secretary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Parker_(courtier)" title="Michael Parker (courtier)">Mike Parker</a>, was sued for divorce by his wife. As with Townsend, the press still portrayed divorce as a scandal, and eventually, Parker resigned. He later said that Philip was very supportive and "the Queen was wonderful throughout. She regarded divorce as a sadness, not a hanging offence."<a href="#cite_note-90">[87]</a> In a public show of support, Elizabeth created Parker a <a href="/wiki/Commander_of_the_Royal_Victorian_Order" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Royal Victorian Order">Commander of the Royal Victorian Order</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004287,_289-91">[88]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Queen_Elizabeth_and_Prince_Philip,_Ottawa,_1957.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Queen_Elizabeth_and_Prince_Philip%2C_Ottawa%2C_1957.jpg/220px-Queen_Elizabeth_and_Prince_Philip%2C_Ottawa%2C_1957.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Queen_Elizabeth_and_Prince_Philip%2C_Ottawa%2C_1957.jpg/330px-Queen_Elizabeth_and_Prince_Philip%2C_Ottawa%2C_1957.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Queen_Elizabeth_and_Prince_Philip%2C_Ottawa%2C_1957.jpg/440px-Queen_Elizabeth_and_Prince_Philip%2C_Ottawa%2C_1957.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1014" /></a><figcaption>With Elizabeth in Ottawa, 1957</figcaption></figure> Further press reports claimed that the royal couple were drifting apart, which enraged Philip and dismayed Elizabeth, who issued a strongly worded denial.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004288-92">[89]</a> She granted him the style and title of a <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince of the United Kingdom">Prince of the United Kingdom</a> by Letters Patent on 22 February 1957; it was <a href="/wiki/Gazette" title="Gazette">gazetted</a> that Philip was to be known as "His Royal Highness The Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh".<a href="#cite_note-prince-93">[90]</a> Philip was appointed to the <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Privy Council for Canada">Queen's Privy Council for Canada</a> on 14 October 1957, taking his <a href="/wiki/Oath_of_Allegiance_(Canada)" title="Oath of Allegiance (Canada)">Oath of Allegiance</a> before the Queen in person at her Canadian residence, <a href="/wiki/Rideau_Hall" title="Rideau Hall">Rideau Hall</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBousfieldToffoli200212-94">[91]</a> Remarks he made two years later to the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Medical_Association" title="Canadian Medical Association">Canadian Medical Association</a> on the subject of youth and sport were taken as a suggestion that Canadian children were out of shape. This was at first considered "tactless", but Philip was later admired for his encouragement of <a href="/wiki/Physical_fitness" title="Physical fitness">physical fitness</a>.<a href="#cite_note-95">[92]</a> While in Canada in 1969, he spoke about his views on <a href="/wiki/Republicanism" title="Republicanism">republicanism</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">It is a complete misconception to imagine that the monarchy exists in the interests of the monarch. It doesn't. It exists in the interests of the people. If at any time any nation decides that the system is unacceptable, then it is up to them to change it.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth200450-96">[93]</a></blockquote> In 1960 Philip attended the <a href="/wiki/National_Eisteddfod_of_Wales" title="National Eisteddfod of Wales">National Eisteddfod of Wales</a> wearing a long green robe, where he was initiated as an Honorary <a href="/wiki/Vates" title="Vates">Ovate</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Archdruid" title="Archdruid">Archdruid</a> of Wales <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Phillips" title="Edgar Phillips">Edgar Phillips</a> through his <a href="/wiki/Bardic_name" title="Bardic name">bardic name</a> Philip Meirionnydd, to reflect his title of Earl of Merioneth.<a href="#cite_note-97">[94]</a> In 1961 he became the first member of the royal family to be interviewed on television, after he appeared on <a href="/wiki/Panorama_(British_TV_programme)" title="Panorama (British TV programme)">Panorama</a> to answer questions by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Dimbleby" title="Richard Dimbleby">Richard Dimbleby</a> about the Commonwealth Technical Training Week, an initiative of which he was <a href="/wiki/Patron" class="mw-redirect" title="Patron">patron</a>.<a href="#cite_note-98">[95]</a> In 1969 he made a similar appearance on <a href="/wiki/Meet_the_Press" title="Meet the Press">Meet the Press</a> during a tour of North America.<a href="#cite_note-99">[96]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Charities_and_patronages">Charities and patronages</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh,_at_Salford_University_in_1967.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Prince_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh%2C_at_Salford_University_in_1967.jpg/220px-Prince_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh%2C_at_Salford_University_in_1967.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Prince_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh%2C_at_Salford_University_in_1967.jpg/330px-Prince_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh%2C_at_Salford_University_in_1967.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Prince_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh%2C_at_Salford_University_in_1967.jpg/440px-Prince_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh%2C_at_Salford_University_in_1967.jpg 2x" data-file-width="618" data-file-height="460" /></a><figcaption>Visiting <a href="/wiki/Salford_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Salford University">Salford University</a>, 1967</figcaption></figure> Philip was patron of some 800 organisations, particularly focused on <a href="/wiki/The_environment" class="mw-redirect" title="The environment">the environment</a>, industry, sport, and education. His first solo engagement as Duke of Edinburgh was in March 1948, presenting prizes at the <a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">boxing</a> finals of the <a href="/wiki/London_Youth" title="London Youth">London Federation of Boys' Clubs</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Albert_Hall" title="Royal Albert Hall">Royal Albert Hall</a>.<a href="#cite_note-100">[97]</a> He was president of the <a href="/wiki/National_Playing_Fields_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="National Playing Fields Association">National Playing Fields Association</a> (now known as <a href="/wiki/Fields_in_Trust" title="Fields in Trust">Fields in Trust</a>) for 64 years, from 1947 until his grandson <a href="/wiki/Prince_William" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince William">Prince William</a> took over the role in 2013.<a href="#cite_note-101">[98]</a> He was appointed a <a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society" title="Fellow of the Royal Society">fellow of the Royal Society</a> in <a href="/wiki/List_of_fellows_of_the_Royal_Society_elected_in_1951" title="List of fellows of the Royal Society elected in 1951">1951</a>.<a href="#cite_note-102">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[100]</a> In 1952, he became patron of The Industrial Society (since renamed <a href="/wiki/The_Work_Foundation" title="The Work Foundation">The Work Foundation</a>).<a href="#cite_note-104">[101]</a> In the same year, and after his father-in-law's death, he took over the role of the <a href="/wiki/Ranger_of_Windsor_Great_Park" title="Ranger of Windsor Great Park">Ranger of Windsor Great Park</a>, overseeing its protection and maintenance.<a href="#cite_note-105">[102]</a> From 1955 to 1957, Philip was president of <a href="/wiki/The_Football_Association" title="The Football Association">The Football Association</a> and also served two terms as president of the <a href="/wiki/Marylebone_Cricket_Club" title="Marylebone Cricket Club">Marylebone Cricket Club</a>, with his tenures starting in 1949 and 1974, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-106">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[104]</a> In the same decade, he became the first patron of <a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Taverners" title="Lord's Taverners">Lord's Taverners</a>, a youth cricket and <a href="/wiki/Disability_sports" class="mw-redirect" title="Disability sports">disability sports</a> charity, for which he organised fundraising events.<a href="#cite_note-108">[105]</a> Between 1959 and 1965 Philip was the president of <a href="/wiki/BAFTA" class="mw-redirect" title="BAFTA">BAFTA</a>.<a href="#cite_note-109">[106]</a> He helped found the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Conservation_Foundation" title="Australian Conservation Foundation">Australian Conservation Foundation</a> in 1963 and the <a href="/wiki/World_Wildlife_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="World Wildlife Fund">World Wildlife Fund</a> in 1961 and served as the latter's UK president from 1961 to 1982, international president from 1981, and president emeritus from 1996.<a href="#cite_note-royanikkhah-89">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-Independent-conservation-110">[107]</a> He was also president of the <a href="/wiki/Zoological_Society_of_London" title="Zoological Society of London">Zoological Society of London</a> for two decades and was appointed an <a href="/wiki/Honorary_fellow" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorary fellow">honorary fellow</a> in 1977.<a href="#cite_note-111">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[109]</a> Despite his involvement in initiatives for <a href="/wiki/Conserving_nature" class="mw-redirect" title="Conserving nature">conserving nature</a>, he was also criticised for practices such as <a href="/wiki/Fox_hunting" title="Fox hunting">fox hunting</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shooting_of_game_birds" class="mw-redirect" title="Shooting of game birds">shooting of game birds</a><a href="#cite_note-Independent-conservation-110">[107]</a> and the killing of a tiger in India in 1961.<a href="#cite_note-113">[110]</a> He was president of the <a href="/wiki/International_Equestrian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="International Equestrian Federation">International Equestrian Federation</a> from 1964 to 1986.<a href="#cite_note-equestrianfederation-114">[111]</a> In 1980 he became <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Champions_in_Driving_(horse)" title="List of World Champions in Driving (horse)">world champion</a> in <a href="/wiki/Four-in-hand_(carriage)" title="Four-in-hand (carriage)">four-in-hand</a> <a href="/wiki/Carriage_driving" title="Carriage driving">driving</a> with the British national team.<a href="#cite_note-115">[112]</a> He served as <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(education)" title="Chancellor (education)">chancellor</a> of the universities of <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">Cambridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Salford" title="University of Salford">Salford</a>, and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wales" title="University of Wales">Wales</a>.<a href="#cite_note-116">[113]</a> In 1965, at the suggestion of <a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Harold Wilson</a>, Philip became chair to a scheme set up for awarding industrial innovations, which later became known as <a href="/wiki/The_Queen%27s_Awards_for_Enterprise" class="mw-redirect" title="The Queen's Awards for Enterprise">The Queen's Awards for Enterprise</a>.<a href="#cite_note-117">[114]</a> In the same year, Philip became president of the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Engineering_Institutions" class="mw-redirect" title="Council of Engineering Institutions">Council of Engineering Institutions</a> and in that capacity he assisted with the inception of the Fellowship of Engineering (later the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Engineering" title="Royal Academy of Engineering">Royal Academy of Engineering</a>), of which he later became the senior fellow.<a href="#cite_note-RAENG-118">[115]</a> He also commissioned the <a href="/wiki/Prince_Philip_Designers_Prize" title="Prince Philip Designers Prize">Prince Philip Designers Prize</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Prince_Philip_Medal" title="Prince Philip Medal">Prince Philip Medal</a> to recognise designers and engineers with exceptional contributions.<a href="#cite_note-RAENG-118">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[116]</a> In 1970 he was involved with the founding of <a href="/wiki/The_Maritime_Trust" title="The Maritime Trust">The Maritime Trust</a> for restoring and preserving historic British ships.<a href="#cite_note-Sky-Pilot-120">[117]</a> In 2017 the <a href="/wiki/British_Heart_Foundation" title="British Heart Foundation">British Heart Foundation</a> thanked Philip for being its patron for 55 years, during which time, in addition to organising fundraisers, he "supported the creation of nine BHF-funded centres of excellence".<a href="#cite_note-121">[118]</a> He was an honorary fellow of <a href="/wiki/St_Edmund%27s_College,_Cambridge" title="St Edmund's College, Cambridge">St Edmund's College, Cambridge</a>.<a href="#cite_note-122">[119]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Charles_and_Diana">Charles and Diana</h3></div> At the beginning of 1981 Philip wrote to his son Charles counselling him to make up his mind to either propose to <a href="/wiki/Lady_Diana_Spencer" class="mw-redirect" title="Lady Diana Spencer">Lady Diana Spencer</a> or break off their courtship.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004344Lacey2002276-123">[120]</a> Charles felt pressured by his father to make a decision and did so, proposing to Diana in February.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004346Lacey2002277–278-124">[121]</a> <a href="/wiki/Wedding_of_Prince_Charles_and_Lady_Diana_Spencer" title="Wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer">They married</a> five months later. By 1992 the marriage had broken down. Elizabeth and Philip hosted a meeting between Charles and Diana, trying to effect a reconciliation, but without success.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004348–349-125">[122]</a> Philip wrote to Diana, expressing his disappointment at Charles's and her extra-marital affairs and asking her to examine both his and her behaviour from the other's point of view.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004349–351-126">[123]</a> She found the letters hard to take but appreciated that he acted with good intent.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004351–353-127">[124]</a> Charles and Diana separated in 1992<a href="#cite_note-128">[125]</a> and divorced in 1996.<a href="#cite_note-129">[126]</a> A year after the divorce, <a href="/wiki/Death_of_Diana,_Princess_of_Wales" title="Death of Diana, Princess of Wales">Diana was killed in a car crash</a> in Paris on 31 August 1997. At the time, Philip was on holiday at <a href="/wiki/Balmoral_Castle" title="Balmoral Castle">Balmoral</a> with the extended royal family. In their grief, Diana's sons, Princes William and <a href="/wiki/Prince_Harry,_Duke_of_Sussex" title="Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex">Harry</a>, wanted to attend church, so Elizabeth and Philip took them that morning.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004358-130">[127]</a> For five days, the royal couple shielded their grandsons from the ensuing press interest by keeping them at Balmoral, where they could grieve in private.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004358-130">[127]</a> The royal family's seclusion caused public dismay,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004358-130">[127]</a> but the public mood changed after a live broadcast made by Elizabeth on 5 September.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004359-131">[128]</a> Uncertain as to whether they should walk behind their mother's coffin during the <a href="/wiki/Funeral_of_Diana,_Princess_of_Wales" title="Funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales">funeral procession</a>, William and Harry hesitated.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004359-131">[128]</a> Philip told William: "If you don't walk, I think you'll regret it later. If I walk, will you walk with me?"<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004359-131">[128]</a> On the day of the funeral, Philip, William, Harry, Charles, and Diana's brother, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Spencer,_9th_Earl_Spencer" title="Charles Spencer, 9th Earl Spencer">Earl Spencer</a>, walked through London behind her gun carriage.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004359-131">[128]</a> Over the next few years, <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Al-Fayed" title="Mohamed Al-Fayed">Mohamed Al-Fayed</a>, whose son <a href="/wiki/Dodi_Fayed" title="Dodi Fayed">Dodi Fayed</a> was also killed in the crash, claimed that Philip had ordered the death of Diana and that the accident was staged. The inquest into Diana's death concluded in 2008 that there was no evidence of <a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_theories_about_the_death_of_Diana,_Princess_of_Wales" title="Conspiracy theories about the death of Diana, Princess of Wales">a conspiracy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-132">[129]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Longevity">Longevity</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Queen_and_Prince_Philip_visit_to_Titanic_Belfast_(8178394614).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Queen_and_Prince_Philip_visit_to_Titanic_Belfast_%288178394614%29.jpg/220px-Queen_and_Prince_Philip_visit_to_Titanic_Belfast_%288178394614%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Queen_and_Prince_Philip_visit_to_Titanic_Belfast_%288178394614%29.jpg/330px-Queen_and_Prince_Philip_visit_to_Titanic_Belfast_%288178394614%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Queen_and_Prince_Philip_visit_to_Titanic_Belfast_%288178394614%29.jpg/440px-Queen_and_Prince_Philip_visit_to_Titanic_Belfast_%288178394614%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a><figcaption>With Elizabeth during a visit to <a href="/wiki/Titanic_Belfast" title="Titanic Belfast">Titanic Belfast</a>, June 2012</figcaption></figure> In April 2009, Philip became the longest-serving British royal consort, surpassing <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_of_Mecklenburg-Strelitz" title="Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz">Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz</a>, wife of <a href="/wiki/George_III" title="George III">George III</a>.<a href="#cite_note-133">[130]</a> He became the oldest-ever male British royal in February 2013 and the third-longest-lived member of the <a href="/wiki/British_royal_family" title="British royal family">British royal family</a> (following <a href="/wiki/Princess_Alice,_Duchess_of_Gloucester" title="Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester">Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester</a>, and Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother) in April 2019.<a href="#cite_note-134">[131]</a> Personally, he was not enthused about living an extremely long life, remarking in a 2000 interview (when he was 79) that he could not "imagine anything worse" and had "no desire whatsoever" to become a <a href="/wiki/Centenarian" title="Centenarian">centenarian</a>, saying "bits of me are falling off already".<a href="#cite_note-135">[132]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_Opening_%E2%80%93_Agoriad_Swyddogol_(28900130516)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Official_Opening_%E2%80%93_Agoriad_Swyddogol_%2828900130516%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Official_Opening_%E2%80%93_Agoriad_Swyddogol_%2828900130516%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Official_Opening_%E2%80%93_Agoriad_Swyddogol_%2828900130516%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Official_Opening_%E2%80%93_Agoriad_Swyddogol_%2828900130516%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Official_Opening_%E2%80%93_Agoriad_Swyddogol_%2828900130516%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Official_Opening_%E2%80%93_Agoriad_Swyddogol_%2828900130516%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2842" data-file-height="2325" /></a><figcaption>At the official opening of the <a href="/wiki/2016_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="2016 National Assembly for Wales election">Fifth Assembly of the Senedd</a> in Cardiff, 2016. Clockwise and facing from left to right: Senedd speaker <a href="/wiki/Elin_Jones" title="Elin Jones">Elin Jones</a>, Philip's daughter-in-law <a href="/wiki/Queen_Camilla" title="Queen Camilla">Camilla</a>, his son Charles, Welsh first minister <a href="/wiki/Carwyn_Jones" title="Carwyn Jones">Carwyn Jones</a>, Philip and Elizabeth</figcaption></figure> In 2008 Philip was admitted to <a href="/wiki/King_Edward_VII%27s_Hospital" title="King Edward VII's Hospital">King Edward VII's Hospital</a>, London, for a chest infection; he walked into the hospital unaided, recovered quickly,<a href="#cite_note-136">[133]</a> and was discharged three days later.<a href="#cite_note-137">[134]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/Evening_Standard" title="Evening Standard">Evening Standard</a> reported that Philip had <a href="/wiki/Prostate_cancer" title="Prostate cancer">prostate cancer</a>, Buckingham Palace—which usually refuses to comment on health rumours—denied the story<a href="#cite_note-138">[135]</a> and the paper retracted it.<a href="#cite_note-139">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[137]</a> In June 2011, in an interview marking his 90th birthday, Philip said that he would now slow down and reduce his duties, stating that he had "done [his] bit".<a href="#cite_note-141">[138]</a> The Queen gave him the title <a href="/wiki/Lord_High_Admiral_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom">Lord High Admiral</a> for his 90th birthday.<a href="#cite_note-142">[139]</a> While staying at <a href="/wiki/Sandringham_House" title="Sandringham House">Sandringham House</a> in December 2011, Philip suffered <a href="/wiki/Chest_pain" title="Chest pain">chest pains</a> and was taken to the cardio-thoracic unit at <a href="/wiki/Papworth_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Papworth Hospital">Papworth Hospital</a>, Cambridgeshire, where he underwent successful <a href="/wiki/Coronary_angioplasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Coronary angioplasty">coronary angioplasty</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coronary_stent" title="Coronary stent">stenting</a>.<a href="#cite_note-143">[140]</a> He was discharged a few days later.<a href="#cite_note-144">[141]</a> In June 2012, during the celebrations in honour of his wife's diamond jubilee, Philip was taken from <a href="/wiki/Windsor_Castle" title="Windsor Castle">Windsor Castle</a> to King Edward VII's Hospital suffering from a <a href="/wiki/Bladder_infection" class="mw-redirect" title="Bladder infection">bladder infection</a>.<a href="#cite_note-145">[142]</a> He was subsequently discharged.<a href="#cite_note-146">[143]</a> After a recurrence of infection in August 2012, while staying at Balmoral Castle, he was admitted to <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_Royal_Infirmary" title="Aberdeen Royal Infirmary">Aberdeen Royal Infirmary</a> for five nights as a precautionary measure.<a href="#cite_note-147">[144]</a> In June 2013, Philip was admitted to <a href="/wiki/The_London_Clinic" title="The London Clinic">the London Clinic</a> for an <a href="/wiki/Exploratory_surgery" title="Exploratory surgery">exploratory operation</a> on his <a href="/wiki/Abdomen" title="Abdomen">abdomen</a>, spending 11 days in hospital.<a href="#cite_note-148">[145]</a> In May 2014, he appeared in public with a bandage on his right hand after a "minor procedure" was performed in <a href="/wiki/Buckingham_Palace" title="Buckingham Palace">Buckingham Palace</a> the preceding day.<a href="#cite_note-149">[146]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tony_Abbott" title="Tony Abbott">Tony Abbott</a>'s surprise 2015 decision to appoint Philip a <a href="/wiki/Knight_of_the_Order_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight of the Order of Australia">Knight of the Order of Australia</a> was widely criticised in the country and contributed to <a href="/wiki/September_2015_Liberal_Party_of_Australia_leadership_spill" title="September 2015 Liberal Party of Australia leadership spill">Abbott's ouster</a> as <a href="/wiki/Australian_prime_minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian prime minister">Australian prime minister</a>.<a href="#cite_note-150">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[149]</a> In June 2017, Philip was taken from Windsor to London and admitted to King Edward VII's Hospital after being diagnosed with an infection.<a href="#cite_note-153">[150]</a> He spent two nights in the hospital and was unable to attend the State Opening of Parliament and <a href="/wiki/Royal_Ascot" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Ascot">Royal Ascot</a>.<a href="#cite_note-154">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-155">[152]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Final_years_and_retirement">Final years and retirement</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CJCS_2015_visit_to_Great_Britain_150613-D-VO565-019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/CJCS_2015_visit_to_Great_Britain_150613-D-VO565-019.jpg/220px-CJCS_2015_visit_to_Great_Britain_150613-D-VO565-019.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/CJCS_2015_visit_to_Great_Britain_150613-D-VO565-019.jpg/330px-CJCS_2015_visit_to_Great_Britain_150613-D-VO565-019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/CJCS_2015_visit_to_Great_Britain_150613-D-VO565-019.jpg/440px-CJCS_2015_visit_to_Great_Britain_150613-D-VO565-019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2230" data-file-height="1484" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Trooping_the_Colour" title="Trooping the Colour">Trooping the Colour</a>, 2015</figcaption></figure> Philip retired from royal duties on 2 August 2017, meeting <a href="/wiki/Royal_Marines" title="Royal Marines">Royal Marines</a> in his final solo public engagement, aged 96. Since 1952, he had completed 22,219 solo engagements. British prime minister <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> thanked him for "a remarkable lifetime of service".<a href="#cite_note-156">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[154]</a> On 20 November 2017, he celebrated his 70th wedding anniversary with Elizabeth, which made her the first British monarch to celebrate a platinum wedding anniversary.<a href="#cite_note-158">[155]</a> In April 2018, Philip was admitted to King Edward VII's Hospital for a planned <a href="/wiki/Hip_replacement" title="Hip replacement">hip replacement</a>. This came after the Duke missed the annual <a href="/wiki/Royal_Maundy" title="Royal Maundy">Maundy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Easter_Sunday" class="mw-redirect" title="Easter Sunday">Easter Sunday</a> services. Princess Anne spent about 50 minutes in the hospital and afterwards said her father was "on good form". He was discharged the next day.<a href="#cite_note-159">[156]</a> In May that year, he attended <a href="/wiki/Wedding_of_Prince_Harry_and_Meghan_Markle" title="Wedding of Prince Harry and Meghan Markle">the wedding</a> of <a href="/wiki/Prince_Harry" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Harry">Prince Harry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Meghan_Markle" class="mw-redirect" title="Meghan Markle">Meghan Markle</a> and was able to walk with Elizabeth unaided.<a href="#cite_note-160">[157]</a> That October, he also accompanied Elizabeth to <a href="/wiki/Wedding_of_Princess_Eugenie_and_Jack_Brooksbank" title="Wedding of Princess Eugenie and Jack Brooksbank">the wedding</a> of their granddaughter <a href="/wiki/Princess_Eugenie_of_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess Eugenie of York">Princess Eugenie of York</a> with <a href="/wiki/Jack_Brooksbank" title="Jack Brooksbank">Jack Brooksbank</a>,<a href="#cite_note-161">[158]</a> with <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Telegraph</a> reporting that Philip works on a "wake up and see how I feel" basis when deciding whether to attend an event or not.<a href="#cite_note-162">[159]</a> In January 2019, Philip was involved in a car collision as he drove out onto a main road near the <a href="/wiki/Sandringham_Estate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandringham Estate">Sandringham Estate</a>. An official statement said he was uninjured. An eyewitness who helped him out of his car said there was "a little bit of blood".<a href="#cite_note-furness-163">[160]</a> The driver and a passenger of the other car were injured and taken to hospital.<a href="#cite_note-164">[161]</a> Philip attended hospital the next morning as a precaution.<a href="#cite_note-:0-165">[162]</a> He apologised,<a href="#cite_note-166">[163]</a> and three weeks later voluntarily surrendered his <a href="/wiki/Driving_licence_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Driving licence in the United Kingdom">driving licence</a>.<a href="#cite_note-167">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-168">[165]</a> In February, the <a href="/wiki/Crown_Prosecution_Service" title="Crown Prosecution Service">Crown Prosecution Service</a> announced that prosecuting Philip would not be in the <a href="/wiki/Public_interest" title="Public interest">public interest</a>.<a href="#cite_note-169">[166]</a> Philip was still allowed to drive around private estates, and was seen behind the wheel in the grounds of Windsor Castle in April 2019.<a href="#cite_note-170">[167]</a> In December 2019, Philip stayed at King Edward VII's Hospital and received treatment for a "pre-existing condition" in a visit described by Buckingham Palace as a "precautionary measure".<a href="#cite_note-171">[168]</a> He had not been seen in public since attending <a href="/wiki/Lady_Gabriella_Windsor" class="mw-redirect" title="Lady Gabriella Windsor">Lady Gabriella Windsor</a>'s wedding in May 2019.<a href="#cite_note-172">[169]</a> A photo of the royal couple as they <a href="/wiki/Isolation_(health_care)" title="Isolation (health care)">isolated</a> at Windsor Castle during the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_England" title="COVID-19 pandemic in England">COVID-19 pandemic</a> was released ahead of his 99th birthday in June 2020.<a href="#cite_note-173">[170]</a> In July 2020, he stepped down as <a href="/wiki/Colonel-in-Chief" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonel-in-Chief">Colonel-in-Chief</a> of <a href="/wiki/The_Rifles" title="The Rifles">The Rifles</a>, a position he had held since 2007. He was succeeded by his daughter-in-law <a href="/wiki/Camilla,_Duchess_of_Cornwall" class="mw-redirect" title="Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall">Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall</a>.<a href="#cite_note-174">[171]</a> In January 2021, Philip and Elizabeth were vaccinated against <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> by a household doctor at Windsor Castle.<a href="#cite_note-175">[172]</a> In February 2021, Philip was admitted to King Edward VII's Hospital as a "precautionary measure" after feeling unwell;<a href="#cite_note-176">[173]</a> he was visited by Prince Charles.<a href="#cite_note-177">[174]</a> Buckingham Palace confirmed that Philip was "responding to treatment" for an infection.<a href="#cite_note-178">[175]</a><a href="#cite_note-179">[176]</a> In March, Philip was transferred by ambulance to <a href="/wiki/St_Bartholomew%27s_Hospital" title="St Bartholomew's Hospital">St Bartholomew's Hospital</a> to continue treatment for an infection, and to undergo "testing and observation" relating to a pre-existing <a href="/wiki/Heart_condition" class="mw-redirect" title="Heart condition">heart condition</a>.<a href="#cite_note-180">[177]</a> He underwent a successful procedure for his heart condition<a href="#cite_note-181">[178]</a> and was transferred back to King Edward VII's Hospital.<a href="#cite_note-182">[179]</a> He was discharged a week later and returned to Windsor Castle.<a href="#cite_note-183">[180]</a> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Death_and_funeral_of_Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Death and funeral of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh">Death and funeral of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Buckingham_Palace_flags_at_half-mast_9_April_2021.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Buckingham_Palace_flags_at_half-mast_9_April_2021.jpg/220px-Buckingham_Palace_flags_at_half-mast_9_April_2021.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Buckingham_Palace_flags_at_half-mast_9_April_2021.jpg/330px-Buckingham_Palace_flags_at_half-mast_9_April_2021.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Buckingham_Palace_flags_at_half-mast_9_April_2021.jpg/440px-Buckingham_Palace_flags_at_half-mast_9_April_2021.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8348" data-file-height="4323" /></a><figcaption>Buckingham Palace on 9 April 2021; the <a href="/wiki/Union_Flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Flag">Union Flag</a> is flown at <a href="/wiki/Half-mast" title="Half-mast">half-mast</a> as crowds gather.</figcaption></figure> Philip died of "<a href="/wiki/Old_age" title="Old age">old age</a>"<a href="#cite_note-184">[181]</a><a href="#cite_note-cod-186">[fn 4]</a> on the morning of 9 April 2021 at Windsor Castle, at the age of 99. He was the longest-serving royal consort in world history.<a href="#cite_note-187">[183]</a> Elizabeth, who was reportedly at her husband's bedside when he died,<a href="#cite_note-188">[184]</a> described his death as "having left a huge void in her life".<a href="#cite_note-bbc_void-189">[185]</a> The palace said Philip died peacefully,<a href="#cite_note-smhdeath1-190">[186]</a> which was confirmed by his daughter-in-law <a href="/wiki/Sophie,_Countess_of_Wessex" class="mw-redirect" title="Sophie, Countess of Wessex">Sophie, Countess of Wessex</a>, who told the press it was "so gentle. It was just like somebody took him by the hand and off he went."<a href="#cite_note-void_Guardian-191">[187]</a> His death led to the commencement of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Forth_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Forth Bridge">Operation Forth Bridge</a>, the plan for publicly announcing his death and organising his funeral.<a href="#cite_note-smhdeath1-190">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-192">[188]</a> The usual public ceremonial could not take place because of the regulations for the COVID-19 pandemic which restricted the number of mourners to thirty; it was later reported in the press that Elizabeth had rejected a government offer to relax the rules.<a href="#cite_note-193">[189]</a> The funeral took place on 17 April 2021 at <a href="/wiki/St_George%27s_Chapel,_Windsor_Castle" title="St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle">St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle</a>, and Philip was temporarily interred alongside 25 other coffins, including that of George III, in the Royal Vault inside St George's.<a href="#cite_note-194">[190]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hopper-195">[191]</a> Representatives of countries around the world sent condolences to the royal family upon his death.<a href="#cite_note-196">[192]</a> As with other senior members of the royal family, Philip's last <a href="/wiki/Will_and_testament" title="Will and testament">will and testament</a> will be sealed for at least 90 years, according to a <a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_Justice" title="High Court of Justice">High Court</a> ruling, which deemed it necessary to protect the Queen's "dignity and standing".<a href="#cite_note-197">[193]</a> This led to speculation that the will might contain material harmful to the reputation of the royal family.<a href="#cite_note-198">[194]</a> The order was made by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Family_Division" title="President of the Family Division">President of the Family Division</a> after a private hearing in July 2021, who said that he had neither seen the will nor been informed of any of its contents. In January 2022, <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> challenged the judge's decision to exclude the press from that hearing, arguing that the judge had "erred by failing to consider any lesser interference with open justice than a private hearing", and the newspaper was granted <a href="/wiki/Leave_to_appeal" class="mw-redirect" title="Leave to appeal">leave to appeal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-199">[195]</a><a href="#cite_note-200">[196]</a> In July 2022, the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeal_(England_and_Wales)" title="Court of Appeal (England and Wales)">Court of Appeal</a> dismissed the newspaper's arguments, stating that the press could not have been informed of the hearing "without risking the <a href="/wiki/Media_storm" class="mw-redirect" title="Media storm">media storm</a> that was feared".<a href="#cite_note-Telegraph-will-201">[197]</a> The court added that "a perceived lack of transparency might be a matter of legitimate public debate, but the (Non-Contentious Probate Rules) allow wills and their values to be concealed from the public gaze in some cases".<a href="#cite_note-Telegraph-will-201">[197]</a> <a href="/wiki/A_Service_of_Thanksgiving_for_the_life_of_The_Duke_of_Edinburgh" class="mw-redirect" title="A Service of Thanksgiving for the life of The Duke of Edinburgh">A service of thanksgiving for Philip's life</a> took place at Westminster Abbey on 29 March 2022, with Elizabeth, foreign royalty and politicians in attendance.<a href="#cite_note-202">[198]</a> Elizabeth died on 8 September 2022 and the royal couple's bodies were interred in the <a href="/wiki/King_George_VI_Memorial_Chapel" title="King George VI Memorial Chapel">King George VI Memorial Chapel</a> at St George's on the evening of 19 September after <a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Elizabeth_II" title="Death and state funeral of Elizabeth II">her state funeral</a>.<a href="#cite_note-203">[199]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interests">Interests</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prins_Philip_(1982).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Philip on a horse" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Prins_Philip_%281982%29.jpg/220px-Prins_Philip_%281982%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Prins_Philip_%281982%29.jpg/330px-Prins_Philip_%281982%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Prins_Philip_%281982%29.jpg/440px-Prins_Philip_%281982%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2920" data-file-height="2190" /></a><figcaption>At the World Championship Coach-and-fours, 1982</figcaption></figure> Philip played <a href="/wiki/Polo" title="Polo">polo</a> until 1971 when he started to compete in <a href="/wiki/Combined_driving" title="Combined driving">carriage driving</a>, a sport which he helped to expand; the sport's early rule book was drafted under his supervision.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeald1991212–214-204">[200]</a> He was also a keen yachtsman and struck up a friendship in 1949 with boat designer and sailing enthusiast <a href="/wiki/Uffa_Fox" title="Uffa Fox">Uffa Fox</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cowes" title="Cowes">Cowes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-205">[201]</a> Philip's first airborne flying lesson took place in 1952, and by his 70th birthday, he had accrued 5,150 pilot hours.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeald1991148–149-206">[202]</a> He was presented with <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a> wings in 1953, helicopter wings with the Royal Navy in 1956, and his <a href="/wiki/Private_pilot%27s_licence" class="mw-redirect" title="Private pilot's licence">private pilot's licence</a> in 1959.<a href="#cite_note-Sky-Pilot-120">[117]</a> After 44 years as a pilot, he retired in August 1997 with 5,986 hours spent in 59 different aircraft.<a href="#cite_note-Sky-Pilot-120">[117]</a> In April 2014, it was reported that an old <a href="/wiki/British_Path%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="British Pathé">British Pathé</a> newsreel film had been discovered of Philip's 1962 two-month flying tour of South America. Filmed sitting alongside him at the aircraft's controls was his co-pilot <a href="/wiki/Captain_Peter_Middleton" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain Peter Middleton">Captain Peter Middleton</a>, the grandfather of Philip's granddaughter-in-law <a href="/wiki/Catherine,_Princess_of_Wales" title="Catherine, Princess of Wales">Catherine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-207">[203]</a> In 1959, Philip flew solo in a <a href="/wiki/Druine_Turbulent" title="Druine Turbulent">Druine Turbulent</a>, becoming the first and, as of April 2021,<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh&action=edit">[update]</a> the only member of the royal family to have flown a single-seat aircraft.<a href="#cite_note-208">[204]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Her_Majesty_the_Queen_at_Breakfast.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/37/Her_Majesty_the_Queen_at_Breakfast.jpg/220px-Her_Majesty_the_Queen_at_Breakfast.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/3/37/Her_Majesty_the_Queen_at_Breakfast.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="194" /></a><figcaption>Her Majesty the Queen at Breakfast painted by Philip in 1957. His biographer <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lacey" title="Robert Lacey">Robert Lacey</a> described the painting as "a tender portrayal, impressionistic in style, with brushstrokes that are charmingly soft and fuzzy".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELacey2002368-209">[205]</a></figcaption></figure> Philip <a href="/wiki/Oil_painting" title="Oil painting">painted</a> with oils and collected artworks, including contemporary <a href="/wiki/Cartoon" title="Cartoon">cartoons</a>, which hang at Buckingham Palace, Windsor Castle, Sandringham House, and Balmoral Castle. <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Casson" title="Hugh Casson">Hugh Casson</a> described Philip's own artwork as "exactly what you'd expect ... totally direct, no hanging about. Strong colours, vigorous brushstrokes."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeald1991253-210">[206]</a> He was patron of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society_of_Arts" title="Royal Society of Arts">Royal Society of Arts</a> from 1952 until 2011.<a href="#cite_note-211">[207]</a> He was "fascinated" by cartoons about the monarchy and the royal family and was a patron of <a href="/wiki/The_Cartoon_Museum" title="The Cartoon Museum">The Cartoon Museum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-212">[208]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personality_and_image">Personality and image</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_Opening_of_the_Borders_Rail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Elizabeth and Philip greeting a crowd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Official_Opening_of_the_Borders_Rail.jpg/220px-Official_Opening_of_the_Borders_Rail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Official_Opening_of_the_Borders_Rail.jpg/330px-Official_Opening_of_the_Borders_Rail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Official_Opening_of_the_Borders_Rail.jpg/440px-Official_Opening_of_the_Borders_Rail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3118" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Philip typically walked a few steps behind Elizabeth in public.</figcaption></figure> Philip's down-to-earth manner was attested to by a <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> butler, who recalled that, on a visit in 1976, Philip engaged him and a fellow butler in a conversation and poured them drinks.<a href="#cite_note-213">[209]</a><a href="#cite_note-215">[fn 5]</a> As well as a reputation for bluntness and plain speaking,<a href="#cite_note-216">[211]</a> Philip was noted for occasionally making observations and jokes that have been construed as either funny, or as gaffes: awkward, <a href="/wiki/Politically_incorrect" class="mw-redirect" title="Politically incorrect">politically incorrect</a>, or even offensive, but sometimes perceived as stereotypical of someone of his age and background.<a href="#cite_note-217">[212]</a><a href="#cite_note-218">[213]</a><a href="#cite_note-219">[214]</a><a href="#cite_note-220">[215]</a><a href="#cite_note-221">[216]</a> In an address to the <a href="/wiki/General_Dental_Council" title="General Dental Council">General Dental Council</a> in 1960, he jokingly coined a <a href="/wiki/New_word" class="mw-redirect" title="New word">new word</a> for his blunders: "Dontopedalogy is the science of opening your mouth and putting your foot in it, a science which I have practised for a good many years."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDolby201544-222">[217]</a> Later in life, he suggested his comments may have contributed to the perception that he was "a cantankerous old sod".<a href="#cite_note-223">[218]</a> In a private conversation with British students from <a href="/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an">Xi'an</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Northwest_University_(China)" title="Northwest University (China)">Northwest University</a> during a <a href="/wiki/List_of_state_visits_made_by_Elizabeth_II" title="List of state visits made by Elizabeth II">state visit</a> to China in 1986, Philip joked: "If you stay here much longer, you'll go slit-eyed."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeald1991244–245Lacey2002303-224">[219]</a> The British press reported on the remark as indicative of <a href="/wiki/Anti-Chinese_sentiment" title="Anti-Chinese sentiment">racial intolerance</a>, but the Chinese authorities were reportedly unconcerned. Chinese students studying in the UK, an official explained, were often told in jest not to stay away too long, lest they go "round-eyed".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELacey2002304-225">[220]</a> His comment did not affect <a href="/wiki/Sino-British_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Sino-British relations">Sino-British relations</a>, but it shaped his reputation.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeald1991246Lacey2002304-226">[221]</a> Philip also made comments on the eating habits of <a href="/wiki/Cantonese_people" title="Cantonese people">Cantonese people</a>, stating: "If it has four legs and is not a chair, has wings and is not an airplane, or swims and is not a submarine, the Cantonese will eat it."<a href="#cite_note-independent31/5/2021-227">[222]</a> In Australia he asked an <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Australian" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous Australian">Indigenous Australian</a> entrepreneur: "Do you still throw spears at each other?"<a href="#cite_note-228">[223]</a> In 2011 historian <a href="/wiki/David_Starkey" title="David Starkey">David Starkey</a> described Philip as a kind of "HRH <a href="/wiki/Victor_Meldrew" title="Victor Meldrew">Victor Meldrew</a>".<a href="#cite_note-229">[224]</a> For example, in May 1999, British newspapers accused Philip of insulting deaf children at a pop concert in Wales by saying: "No wonder you are deaf listening to this row."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth200446-230">[225]</a> Later, Philip wrote: "The story is largely invention. It so happens that my mother was quite seriously deaf and I have been Patron of the Royal National Institute for the Deaf for ages, so it's hardly likely that I would do any such thing."<a href="#cite_note-231">[226]</a> When he and Elizabeth met Stephen Menary, an army cadet blinded by <a href="/wiki/Real_Irish_Republican_Army#Bombings_in_England" title="Real Irish Republican Army">a Real IRA bomb</a>, and Elizabeth enquired how much sight he retained, Philip quipped: "Not a lot, judging by the tie he's wearing." Menary later said: "I think he just tries to put people at ease by trying to make a joke. I certainly didn't take any offence."<a href="#cite_note-232">[227]</a> Philip's comparison of prostitutes and wives was also perceived as offensive after he reportedly stated: "I don't think a prostitute is more moral than a wife, but they are doing the same thing."<a href="#cite_note-independent31/5/2021-227">[222]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Centenary">Centenary</h3></div> To mark the centenary of Philip's birth in June 2021, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Collection_Trust" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Collection Trust">Royal Collection Trust</a> held an exhibition at Windsor Castle and the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Holyroodhouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Palace of Holyroodhouse">Palace of Holyroodhouse</a>. Titled Prince Philip: A Celebration, it showcased around 150 personal items related to him, including his wedding card, wedding menu, midshipman's <a href="/wiki/Logbook" title="Logbook">logbook</a> from 1940 to 1941, Chair of Estate, and the coronation robes and <a href="/wiki/Coronet" title="Coronet">coronet</a> that he wore for his wife's <a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Elizabeth_II" title="Coronation of Elizabeth II">coronation in 1953</a>.<a href="#cite_note-233">[228]</a><a href="#cite_note-tatlerex-234">[229]</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Alexis_Weymouth" title="George Alexis Weymouth">George Alexis Weymouth</a>'s portrait of Philip in the ruins of Windsor Castle after the <a href="/wiki/1992_Windsor_Castle_fire" title="1992 Windsor Castle fire">fire of 1992</a> formed part of a focus on Philip's involvement with the subsequent restoration.<a href="#cite_note-tatlerex-234">[229]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Horticultural_Society" title="Royal Horticultural Society">Royal Horticultural Society</a> also marked Philip's centenary by breeding a new rose in his honour, christened "<a href="/wiki/Rosa_%27Duke_of_Edinburgh%27" title="Rosa 'Duke of Edinburgh'">The Duke of Edinburgh Rose</a>", created by British rose breeder <a href="/wiki/Harkness_Roses" title="Harkness Roses">Harkness Roses</a>. Elizabeth, as patron of the society, was given the deep pink commemorative rose in honour of her husband, and she remarked that "It looks lovely". A Duke of Edinburgh Rose has since been planted in the mixed rose border of Windsor Castle's East Terrace Garden. Philip played a major role in the garden's design.<a href="#cite_note-235">[230]</a><a href="#cite_note-236">[231]</a> In September 2021, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_National_Lifeboat_Institution" title="Royal National Lifeboat Institution">Royal National Lifeboat Institution</a> honoured Philip by naming their new <a href="/wiki/State-of-the-art" class="mw-redirect" title="State-of-the-art">state-of-the-art</a> lifeboat <a href="/wiki/Shannon-class_lifeboat" title="Shannon-class lifeboat">Duke of Edinburgh</a>. The tribute was initially planned to mark his 100th birthday.<a href="#cite_note-237">[232]</a> In the same month, a documentary initially planned for his centenary was broadcast on <a href="/wiki/BBC_One" title="BBC One">BBC One</a> under the title Prince Philip: The Royal Family Remembers, with contributions from his children, their spouses, and seven of his grandchildren.<a href="#cite_note-238">[233]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Portrayals">Portrayals</h3></div> Philip has been portrayed by several actors, including <a href="/wiki/Stewart_Granger" title="Stewart Granger">Stewart Granger</a> (<a href="/wiki/The_Royal_Romance_of_Charles_and_Diana" title="The Royal Romance of Charles and Diana">The Royal Romance of Charles and Diana</a>, 1982), <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Lee" title="Christopher Lee">Christopher Lee</a> (Charles & Diana: A Royal Love Story, 1982), <a href="/wiki/David_Threlfall" title="David Threlfall">David Threlfall</a> (<a href="/wiki/The_Queen%27s_Sister" title="The Queen's Sister">The Queen's Sister</a>, 2005), <a href="/wiki/James_Cromwell" title="James Cromwell">James Cromwell</a> (<a href="/wiki/The_Queen_(2006_film)" title="The Queen (2006 film)">The Queen</a>, 2006), and Finn Elliot, <a href="/wiki/Matt_Smith" title="Matt Smith">Matt Smith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tobias_Menzies" title="Tobias Menzies">Tobias Menzies</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Pryce" title="Jonathan Pryce">Jonathan Pryce</a> (<a href="/wiki/The_Crown_(TV_series)" title="The Crown (TV series)">The Crown</a>, 2016 onwards).<a href="#cite_note-239">[234]</a><a href="#cite_note-240">[235]</a> He also appears as a fictional character in <a href="/wiki/Nevil_Shute" title="Nevil Shute">Nevil Shute</a>'s novel <a href="/wiki/In_the_Wet" title="In the Wet">In the Wet</a> (1952), <a href="/wiki/Paul_Gallico" title="Paul Gallico">Paul Gallico</a>'s novel Mrs. 'Arris Goes to Moscow (1974), <a href="/wiki/Tom_Clancy" title="Tom Clancy">Tom Clancy</a>'s novel <a href="/wiki/Patriot_Games" title="Patriot Games">Patriot Games</a> (1987), and <a href="/wiki/Sue_Townsend" title="Sue Townsend">Sue Townsend</a>'s novel <a href="/wiki/The_Queen_and_I_(novel)" title="The Queen and I (novel)">The Queen and I</a> (1992).<a href="#cite_note-241">[236]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Books">Books</h2></div> Philip authored: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>Selected Speeches – 1948–55 (1957; revised paperback edition published by <a href="/wiki/Nabu_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Nabu Press">Nabu Press</a>, 2011), <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-245-67133-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-245-67133-0">978-1-245-67133-0</a></li> <li>Selected Speeches – 1956–59 (1960)</li> <li>Birds from Britannia (1962; published in the United States as Seabirds from Southern Waters), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-163-69929-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-163-69929-4">978-1-163-69929-4</a></li> <li>Wildlife Crisis with <a href="/wiki/James_Fisher_(naturalist)" title="James Fisher (naturalist)">James Fisher</a> (1970), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-402-12511-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-402-12511-2">978-0-402-12511-2</a></li> <li>The Environmental Revolution: Speeches on Conservation, 1962–1977 (1978), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8464-1453-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8464-1453-7">978-0-8464-1453-7</a></li> <li>Competition Carriage Driving (1982; published in France, 1984; second edition, 1984; revised edition, 1994), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85131-594-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85131-594-2">978-0-85131-594-2</a></li> <li>A Question of Balance (1982), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85955-087-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85955-087-1">978-0-85955-087-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men,_Machines_and_Sacred_Cows" title="Men, Machines and Sacred Cows">Men, Machines and Sacred Cows</a> (1984), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-241-11174-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-241-11174-1">978-0-241-11174-1</a></li> <li>A Windsor Correspondence with <a href="/wiki/Michael_Mann_(bishop)" title="Michael Mann (bishop)">Michael Mann</a> (1984), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85955-108-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85955-108-3">978-0-85955-108-3</a></li> <li>Down to Earth: Collected Writings and Speeches on Man and the Natural World 1961–87 (1988; paperback edition, 1989; Japanese edition, 1992), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8289-0711-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8289-0711-8">978-0-8289-0711-8</a></li> <li>Survival or Extinction: A Christian Attitude to the Environment with Michael Mann (1989), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85955-158-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85955-158-8">978-0-85955-158-8</a></li> <li>Driving and Judging Dressage (1996), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85131-666-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85131-666-6">978-0-85131-666-6</a></li> <li>30 Years On, and Off, the Box Seat (2004), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85131-898-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85131-898-1">978-0-85131-898-1</a></li></ul> </div> Forewords to: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>Royal Australian Navy 1911–1961 Jubilee Souvenir issued by authority of the Department of the Navy, Canberra (1961)</li> <li>The Concise British Flora in Colour by <a href="/wiki/William_Keble_Martin" title="William Keble Martin">William Keble Martin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Random_House" title="Random House">Ebury Press</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Joseph_(publisher)" title="Michael Joseph (publisher)">Michael Joseph</a> (1965)</li> <li>Birds of Town and Village by William Donald Campbell and <a href="/wiki/Basil_Ede" title="Basil Ede">Basil Ede</a> (1965)</li> <li>Kurt Hahn by Hermann Röhrs and Hilary Tunstall-Behrens (1970)</li> <li>The Doomsday Book of Animals by <a href="/wiki/David_Day_(Canadian_author)" title="David Day (Canadian author)">David Day</a> (1981)</li> <li>Saving the Animals: The World Wildlife Fund Book of Conservation by <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Stonehouse" title="Bernard Stonehouse">Bernard Stonehouse</a> (1981)</li> <li>The Art of Driving by Max Pape (1982), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85131-339-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85131-339-9">978-0-85131-339-9</a></li> <li>Yachting and the Royal Prince Alfred Yacht Club by Graeme Norman (1988), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86777-067-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86777-067-4">978-0-86777-067-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Maritime_Museum" title="National Maritime Museum">National Maritime Museum</a> Guide to Maritime Britain by Keith Wheatley (2000)</li> <li>The Royal Yacht Britannia: The Official History by Richard Johnstone-Bryden, <a href="/wiki/Conway_Maritime_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Conway Maritime Press">Conway Maritime Press</a> (2003), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85177-937-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85177-937-9">978-0-85177-937-9</a></li> <li>1953: The Crowning Year of Sport by Jonathan Rice (2003)</li> <li>British Flags and Emblems by <a href="/wiki/Graham_Bartram" class="mw-redirect" title="Graham Bartram">Graham Bartram</a>, Tuckwell Press (2004), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86232-297-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86232-297-4">978-1-86232-297-4</a></li> <li>Chariots of War by Robert Hobson, Ulric Publication (2004), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9541997-1-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9541997-1-5">978-0-9541997-1-5</a></li> <li>RMS Queen Mary 2 Manual: An Insight into the Design, Construction and Operation of the World's Largest Ocean Liner by <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Payne_(naval_architect)" title="Stephen Payne (naval architect)">Stephen Payne</a>, Haynes Publishing (2014)</li> <li>The Triumph of a Great Tradition: The Story of Cunard's 175 Years by Eric Flounders and Michael Gallagher, Lily Publications (2014), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-906608-85-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-906608-85-9">978-1-906608-85-9</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Titles,_styles,_honours,_and_arms">Titles, styles, honours, and arms</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_titles_and_honours_of_Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="List of titles and honours of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh">List of titles and honours of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Cypher_of_Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Royal_Cypher_of_Prince_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg/170px-Royal_Cypher_of_Prince_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Royal_Cypher_of_Prince_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg/255px-Royal_Cypher_of_Prince_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Royal_Cypher_of_Prince_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg/340px-Royal_Cypher_of_Prince_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="518" /></a><figcaption>Royal monogram</figcaption></figure> Philip held many titles throughout his life. Originally holding the title and style of a <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Greece_and_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince of Greece and Denmark">prince of Greece and Denmark</a>, Philip abandoned these royal titles before he married and was thereafter created a <a href="/wiki/British_duke" class="mw-redirect" title="British duke">British duke</a>, among other noble titles.<a href="#cite_note-LG_21_Nov_1947-52">[50]</a> Elizabeth formally issued letters patent in 1957 making him a <a href="/wiki/British_prince" title="British prince">British prince</a>.<a href="#cite_note-prince-93">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Honours_and_honorary_military_appointments">Honours and honorary military appointments</h3></div> Philip was awarded medals from Britain, France, and Greece for his service during the Second World War, as well as ones commemorating the coronations of George VI and Elizabeth II and the silver, gold and diamond jubilees of Elizabeth.<a href="#cite_note-242">[237]</a> George VI appointed him to the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Garter" title="Order of the Garter">Order of the Garter</a> on the eve of his wedding on 19 November 1947. Since then, Philip received 17 appointments and decorations in the Commonwealth and 48 from foreign states. The inhabitants of some villages on the island of <a href="/wiki/Tanna,_Vanuatu" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanna, Vanuatu">Tanna, Vanuatu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prince_Philip_movement" title="Prince Philip movement">worship Philip as a god-like spiritual figure</a>; the islanders possess portraits of him and hold feasts on his birthday.<a href="#cite_note-243">[238]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prince_Philip_as_Colonel-in-Chief_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Regiment.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Prince_Philip_as_Colonel-in-Chief_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Regiment.jpg/220px-Prince_Philip_as_Colonel-in-Chief_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Regiment.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Prince_Philip_as_Colonel-in-Chief_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Regiment.jpg/330px-Prince_Philip_as_Colonel-in-Chief_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Regiment.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Prince_Philip_as_Colonel-in-Chief_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Regiment.jpg/440px-Prince_Philip_as_Colonel-in-Chief_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Regiment.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2999" data-file-height="2655" /></a><figcaption>Presenting the <a href="/wiki/3rd_Battalion,_Royal_Canadian_Regiment" title="3rd Battalion, Royal Canadian Regiment">3rd Battalion</a> with their regimental colours as Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Canadian Regiment in Toronto, 2013</figcaption></figure> Upon his wife's accession to the throne in 1952, Philip was appointed <a href="/wiki/Admiral_of_the_Sea_Cadet_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="Admiral of the Sea Cadet Corps">Admiral of the Sea Cadet Corps</a>, Colonel-in-Chief of the British <a href="/wiki/Army_Cadet_Force" title="Army Cadet Force">Army Cadet Force</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Air_Commodore-in-Chief" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Commodore-in-Chief">Air Commodore-in-Chief</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Air_Training_Corps" title="Air Training Corps">Air Training Corps</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeald1991111-244">[239]</a> The following year, he was appointed to the equivalent positions in Canada and made <a href="/wiki/Admiral_of_the_Fleet_(Royal_Navy)" title="Admiral of the Fleet (Royal Navy)">Admiral of the Fleet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Captain_General_Royal_Marines" title="Captain General Royal Marines">Captain General Royal Marines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Field_marshal_(United_Kingdom)" title="Field marshal (United Kingdom)">Field Marshal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Marshal_of_the_Royal_Air_Force" title="Marshal of the Royal Air Force">Marshal of the Royal Air Force</a> in the United Kingdom.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeald1991264–267-245">[240]</a> Subsequent military appointments were made in New Zealand and Australia.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrandreth2004407–[httpsarchiveorgdetailsphilipelizabeth0000branpage408_408]Heald1991264–267-246">[241]</a> In 1975 he was appointed <a href="/wiki/Colonel_(United_Kingdom)" title="Colonel (United Kingdom)">colonel</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Grenadier_Guards" title="Grenadier Guards">Grenadier Guards</a>, a position he handed over to his son Andrew in 2017.<a href="#cite_note-247">[242]</a> On 16 December 2015, he relinquished his role as Honorary Air Commodore-in-Chief and was succeeded by his granddaughter-in-law Catherine, then Duchess of Cambridge, as <a href="/wiki/Honorary_Air_Commandant" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorary Air Commandant">Honorary Air Commandant</a>.<a href="#cite_note-RAF-248">[243]</a> To celebrate Philip's 90th birthday, Elizabeth appointed him Lord High Admiral,<a href="#cite_note-249">[244]</a> as well as to the highest ranks available in all three branches of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Armed_Forces" title="Canadian Armed Forces">Canadian Armed Forces</a>.<a href="#cite_note-250">[245]</a> On their 70th wedding anniversary, 20 November 2017, she appointed him <a href="/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Royal_Victorian_Order" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order">Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order</a>, making him the first British national since his uncle <a href="/wiki/Lord_Mountbatten_of_Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Mountbatten of Burma">Lord Mountbatten of Burma</a> to be entitled to wear the breast stars of four <a href="/wiki/Orders_of_chivalry" class="mw-redirect" title="Orders of chivalry">orders of chivalry</a> in the United Kingdom.<a href="#cite_note-251">[246]</a> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arms">Arms</h3></div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="max-width: 100%"> <caption class="nowrap">Coat of arms of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh </caption> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 220px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg/220px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg/330px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg/440px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1450" /></a> </td> <td style="min-width:175px;"> <dl><dt>Adopted</dt> <dd>1949</dd> <dt>Crest</dt> <dd>A plume of ostrich feathers alternately sable and argent issuant from a ducal coronet or.<a href="#cite_note-coa-252">[247]</a></dd> <dt>Torse</dt> <dd>Mantled or and ermine.<a href="#cite_note-coa-252">[247]</a></dd> <dt>Escutcheon</dt> <dd>From 1949: <a href="/wiki/Quartering_(heraldry)" title="Quartering (heraldry)">Quarterly</a>: First: Or semée of hearts gules, three lions passant in pale azure ducally crowned or (for <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Denmark" title="Coat of arms of Denmark">Denmark</a>), Second: Azure a cross argent (for <a href="/wiki/National_emblem_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="National emblem of Greece">Greece</a>), Third: Argent two pallets sable (for Battenberg and Mountbatten), Fourth: Argent upon a rock proper a castle triple towered sable masoned argent windows port turret-caps and vanes gules (for <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Edinburgh" title="Coat of arms of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>).<a href="#cite_note-coa-252">[247]</a></dd> <dt>Supporters</dt> <dd>Dexter, a <a href="/wiki/Wild_man#Heraldry" title="Wild man">savage</a> crowned with a chaplet of oak leaves girt about the loins with a lion skin and supporting in the dexter hand a club proper (from the royal Greek arms); Sinister, a lion queue fourché ducally crowned or and gorged with a naval coronet azure (based on Battenberg arms).<a href="#cite_note-coa-252">[247]</a></dd> <dt>Motto</dt> <dd>GOD IS MY HELP<a href="#cite_note-coa-252">[247]</a></dd> <dt>Orders</dt> <dd>The <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Garter" title="Order of the Garter">Order of the Garter</a> ribbon <a href="/wiki/HONI_SOIT_QUI_MAL_Y_PENSE" class="mw-redirect" title="HONI SOIT QUI MAL Y PENSE">HONI SOIT QUI MAL Y PENSE</a> (<a href="/wiki/Anglo-Norman_language" title="Anglo-Norman language">Anglo-Norman</a> for 'Shamed be he who thinks evil of it')</dd> <dt>Banner</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Standard_of_Prince_Philip_(1952%E2%80%932021).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Royal_Standard_of_Prince_Philip_%281952%E2%80%932021%29.svg/50px-Royal_Standard_of_Prince_Philip_%281952%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Royal_Standard_of_Prince_Philip_%281952%E2%80%932021%29.svg/75px-Royal_Standard_of_Prince_Philip_%281952%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Royal_Standard_of_Prince_Philip_%281952%E2%80%932021%29.svg/100px-Royal_Standard_of_Prince_Philip_%281952%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Standard_of_Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Standard of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh">A banner of Philip's arms</a> was used as his personal standard.<a href="#cite_note-253">[248]</a></dd> <dt>Symbolism</dt> <dd>The arms of Denmark and Greece, as well as Mountbatten, represent the Duke of Edinburgh's familial lineage. The arms of the City of Edinburgh represent Philip's dukedom. The naval crown collar alludes to Philip's naval career.</dd> <dt>Previous versions</dt> <dd><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip_Mountbatten_(1947-1949).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip_Mountbatten_%281947-1949%29.svg/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip_Mountbatten_%281947-1949%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip_Mountbatten_%281947-1949%29.svg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip_Mountbatten_%281947-1949%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip_Mountbatten_%281947-1949%29.svg/200px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip_Mountbatten_%281947-1949%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1450" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></dd> <dd>From 1947 to 1949: "<a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Greece">Arms of Greece</a> surmounted by an <a href="/wiki/Inescutcheon" title="Inescutcheon">inescutcheon</a> of the arms of Denmark; and over all in the first quarter the arms of <a href="/wiki/Princess_Alice_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Princess Alice of the United Kingdom">Princess Alice</a>, daughter of Queen Victoria, viz, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Arms" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Arms">Royal Arms</a> differenced with a <a href="/wiki/Label_(heraldry)" title="Label (heraldry)">label</a> of three points argent, the middle point charged with a rose gules and each of the others with an ermine spot. The shield is encircled by the Garter and ensigned with a princely coronet of crosses pattée and fleurs-de-lis, above which is placed a barred helm affronte, and thereon the crest; out of a ducal coronet or, a plume of five ostrich feathers alternately sable and argent. The supporters are, dexter, the figure of Hercules proper, and sinister, a lion queue fourché ducally crowned or, gorged with a naval coronet azure."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoutellBrooke-Little1983219-254">[249]</a></dd> <dt>Other versions</dt> <dd><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh_(Knight_of_the_Thistle).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh_%28Knight_of_the_Thistle%29.svg/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh_%28Knight_of_the_Thistle%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh_%28Knight_of_the_Thistle%29.svg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh_%28Knight_of_the_Thistle%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh_%28Knight_of_the_Thistle%29.svg/200px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh_%28Knight_of_the_Thistle%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1450" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> Scottish version of Philip's arms as a Knight of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Thistle" title="Order of the Thistle">Order of the Thistle</a>.</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Issue">Issue</h2></div> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II#Issue" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II § Issue</a>.[<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_II&action=edit">edit</a>]</div><div class="excerpt"> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Name </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Birth </th> <th colspan="2" scope="col">Marriage </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Children </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Grandchildren </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">Date </th> <th scope="col">Spouse </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a> </th> <td rowspan="3"> (1948-11-14) 14 November 1948 (age 76) </td> <td rowspan="2">29 July 1981 <div style="font-size:85%;">Divorced 28 August 1996</div> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lady_Diana_Spencer" class="mw-redirect" title="Lady Diana Spencer">Lady Diana Spencer</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/William,_Prince_of_Wales" title="William, Prince of Wales">William, Prince of Wales</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul style="margin-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;"><li><a href="/wiki/Prince_George_of_Wales" title="Prince George of Wales">Prince George of Wales</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Charlotte_of_Wales_(born_2015)" title="Princess Charlotte of Wales (born 2015)">Princess Charlotte of Wales</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Louis_of_Wales" title="Prince Louis of Wales">Prince Louis of Wales</a></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Prince_Harry,_Duke_of_Sussex" title="Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex">Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul style="margin-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;"><li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Archie_of_Sussex" title="Prince Archie of Sussex">Prince Archie of Sussex</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Lilibet_of_Sussex" title="Princess Lilibet of Sussex">Princess Lilibet of Sussex</a></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 April 2005 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Camilla_Parker_Bowles" class="mw-redirect" title="Camilla Parker Bowles">Camilla Parker Bowles</a> </td> <td colspan="2" data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">None </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Anne,_Princess_Royal" title="Anne, Princess Royal">Anne, Princess Royal</a> </th> <td rowspan="3"> (1950-08-15) 15 August 1950 (age 74) </td> <td rowspan="2">14 November 1973 <div style="font-size:85%;">Divorced 23 April 1992</div> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Phillips" title="Mark Phillips">Mark Phillips</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Phillips" title="Peter Phillips">Peter Phillips</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul style="margin-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;"><li>Savannah Phillips</li><li>Isla Phillips</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zara_Tindall" title="Zara Tindall">Zara Tindall</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul style="margin-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;"><li>Mia Tindall</li><li>Lena Tindall</li><li>Lucas Tindall</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 December 1992 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Laurence" title="Timothy Laurence">Timothy Laurence</a> </td> <td colspan="2" data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">None </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Prince_Andrew,_Duke_of_York" title="Prince Andrew, Duke of York">Prince Andrew, Duke of York</a> </th> <td rowspan="2"> (1960-02-19) 19 February 1960 (age 65) </td> <td rowspan="2">23 July 1986 <div style="font-size:85%;">Divorced 30 May 1996</div> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Ferguson" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarah Ferguson">Sarah Ferguson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Princess_Beatrice,_Mrs_Edoardo_Mapelli_Mozzi" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess Beatrice, Mrs Edoardo Mapelli Mozzi">Princess Beatrice, Mrs Edoardo Mapelli Mozzi</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul style="margin-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;"><li>Sienna Mapelli Mozzi</li><li>Athena Mapelli Mozzi</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Princess_Eugenie,_Mrs_Jack_Brooksbank" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess Eugenie, Mrs Jack Brooksbank">Princess Eugenie, Mrs Jack Brooksbank</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul style="margin-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;"><li>August Brooksbank</li><li>Ernest Brooksbank</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh">Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh</a> </th> <td rowspan="2"> (1964-03-10) 10 March 1964 (age 60) </td> <td rowspan="2">19 June 1999 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Sophie_Rhys-Jones" class="mw-redirect" title="Sophie Rhys-Jones">Sophie Rhys-Jones</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lady_Louise_Mountbatten-Windsor" class="mw-redirect" title="Lady Louise Mountbatten-Windsor">Lady Louise Mountbatten-Windsor</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">None </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Mountbatten-Windsor,_Earl_of_Wessex" class="mw-redirect" title="James Mountbatten-Windsor, Earl of Wessex">James Mountbatten-Windsor, Earl of Wessex</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">None </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ancestry">Ancestry</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Royal_descendants_of_Queen_Victoria_and_of_King_Christian_IX" title="Royal descendants of Queen Victoria and of King Christian IX">Royal descendants of Queen Victoria and of King Christian IX</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Elizabeth_II_Philipp-en-V2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Elizabeth_II_Philipp-en-V2.svg/310px-Elizabeth_II_Philipp-en-V2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="310" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Elizabeth_II_Philipp-en-V2.svg/465px-Elizabeth_II_Philipp-en-V2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Elizabeth_II_Philipp-en-V2.svg/620px-Elizabeth_II_Philipp-en-V2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2050" data-file-height="1300" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> is the great-great-grandmother of Elizabeth II (line of descent in red) and Philip (line of descent in green).</figcaption></figure> Both Philip and Elizabeth were great-great-grandchildren of Queen Victoria, Elizabeth by descent from Victoria's eldest son, <a href="/wiki/King_Edward_VII" class="mw-redirect" title="King Edward VII">King Edward VII</a>, and Philip by descent from Victoria's second daughter, <a href="/wiki/Princess_Alice_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Princess Alice of the United Kingdom">Princess Alice</a>. Both were also <a href="/wiki/Descendants_of_Christian_IX_of_Denmark" title="Descendants of Christian IX of Denmark">descended from King Christian IX of Denmark</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ancestry-41">[39]</a> Philip was also related to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Romanov" title="House of Romanov">House of Romanov</a> through all four of his grandparents. His paternal grandmother was the granddaughter of <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Nicholas_I_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Emperor Nicholas I of Russia">Emperor Nicholas I of Russia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMontgomery-Massingberd1977469–474-255">[250]</a> His paternal grandfather was a brother of <a href="/wiki/Maria_Feodorovna_(Dagmar_of_Denmark)" title="Maria Feodorovna (Dagmar of Denmark)">Maria Feodorovna (Dagmar of Denmark)</a>, wife of <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Alexander_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Emperor Alexander III">Emperor Alexander III</a>. His maternal grandmother was a sister of <a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Feodorovna_(Alix_of_Hesse)" title="Alexandra Feodorovna (Alix of Hesse)">Alexandra Feodorovna (Alix of Hesse)</a>, wife of <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Nicholas_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Emperor Nicholas II">Emperor Nicholas II</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Feodorovna_(Elisabeth_of_Hesse)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth Feodorovna (Elisabeth of Hesse)">Elizabeth Feodorovna (Elisabeth of Hesse)</a>, wife of <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duke_Sergei_Alexandrovich_of_Russia" title="Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia">Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia</a>. His maternal grandfather was the nephew of <a href="/wiki/Maria_Alexandrovna_(Marie_of_Hesse)" title="Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)">Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)</a>, who was the wife of <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Alexander_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Emperor Alexander II">Emperor Alexander II</a>. In 1993 scientists were able to confirm the identity of the remains of several members of the Romanov family, more than seventy years after <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_the_Romanov_family" title="Murder of the Romanov family">their murder in 1918</a>, by comparing their <a href="/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA" title="Mitochondrial DNA">mitochondrial DNA</a> to living <a href="/wiki/Matrilineal" class="mw-redirect" title="Matrilineal">matrilineal</a> relatives, including Philip. Philip, Alexandra Feodorovna, and her children were all descended from Princess Alice through a purely female line.<a href="#cite_note-gill-256">[251]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1268078990">.mw-parser-output table.ahnentafel{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;line-height:130%}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel tr{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel-t{border-top:var(--color-base,#000)solid 1px;border-left:var(--color-base,#000)solid 1px}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel-b{border-bottom:var(--color-base,#000)solid 1px;border-left:var(--color-base,#000)solid 1px}</style><div class="noresize"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="margin:0.3em auto;clear:none;min-width:60em;width:auto;font-size:88%;border:1px solid #aaa"><tbody><tr><th style="padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 4.3em;background:none;color:inherit;width:auto">Ancestors of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELoudaMaclagan199934-257">[252]</a></th></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><table class="ahnentafel" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="28" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="13"> </td><td rowspan="12" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="5"> </td><td rowspan="4" colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding: 2px 4px 2px 4px;background-color: #bfc;">8. <a href="/wiki/Christian_IX_of_Denmark" title="Christian IX of Denmark">Christian IX of Denmark</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding: 2px 4px 2px 4px;background-color: #ffc;">4. <a href="/wiki/George_I_of_Greece" title="George I of Greece">George I of Greece</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding: 2px 4px 2px 4px;background-color: #bfc;">9. <a href="/wiki/Princess_Louise_of_Hesse-Kassel" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess Louise of Hesse-Kassel">Princess Louise of Hesse-Kassel</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding: 2px 4px 2px 4px;background-color: #fb9;">2. <a href="/wiki/Prince_Andrew_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark">Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="15" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="14" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding: 2px 4px 2px 4px;background-color: #bfc;">10. <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duke_Konstantin_Nikolayevich_of_Russia" title="Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia">Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding: 2px 4px 2px 4px;background-color: #ffc;">5. <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchess_Olga_Constantinovna_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Duchess Olga Constantinovna of Russia">Grand Duchess Olga Constantinovna of Russia</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding: 2px 4px 2px 4px;background-color: #bfc;">11. <a href="/wiki/Princess_Alexandra_of_Saxe-Altenburg" title="Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Altenburg">Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Altenburg</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding: 2px 4px 2px 4px;background-color: #fcc;">1. Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh</td><td rowspan="2" colspan="11"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="28" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="15" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="14" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding: 2px 4px 2px 4px;background-color: #bfc;">12. <a href="/wiki/Prince_Alexander_of_Hesse_and_by_Rhine" title="Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine">Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding: 2px 4px 2px 4px;background-color: #ffc;">6. <a href="/wiki/Prince_Louis_of_Battenberg" title="Prince Louis of Battenberg">Prince Louis of Battenberg</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding: 2px 4px 2px 4px;background-color: #bfc;">13. <a href="/wiki/Countess_Julia_von_Hauke" class="mw-redirect" title="Countess Julia von Hauke">Countess Julia von Hauke</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding: 2px 4px 2px 4px;background-color: #fb9;">3. <a href="/wiki/Princess_Alice_of_Battenberg" title="Princess Alice of Battenberg">Princess Alice of Battenberg</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="13"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="12" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding: 2px 4px 2px 4px;background-color: #bfc;">14. <a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Grand_Duke_of_Hesse_and_by_Rhine" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine">Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding: 2px 4px 2px 4px;background-color: #ffc;">7. <a href="/wiki/Princess_Victoria_of_Hesse_and_by_Rhine" title="Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine">Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="5"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="4" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding: 2px 4px 2px 4px;background-color: #bfc;">15. <a href="/wiki/Princess_Alice_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Princess Alice of the United Kingdom">Princess Alice of the United Kingdom</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-dob-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dob_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-dob_1-1">b</a> Philip was born on 10 June 1921 according to the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a>. Until March 1923, Greece used the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a>, in which his birth date was 28 May 1921. </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> The Danish <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Succession_(Denmark)" title="Act of Succession (Denmark)">Act of Succession 1953</a> removed the succession rights of his branch of the family in Denmark.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETågholt19636-9">[8]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> The amount was set by the Civil List (Increase of Financial Provision) Order 1990. It was initially set at £40,000 in the <a href="/wiki/Civil_List_Act_1952" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil List Act 1952">Civil List Act 1952</a>, raised to £65,000 by the <a href="/wiki/Civil_List_Act_1972" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil List Act 1972">Civil List Act 1972</a>, and raised to £165,000 by the Civil List (Increase of Financial Provision) Order 1984. </li> <li id="cite_note-cod-186"><a href="#cite_ref-cod_186-0">^</a> In <a href="/wiki/England_and_Wales" title="England and Wales">England and Wales</a>, "old age" may be given as a <a href="/wiki/Cause_of_death" title="Cause of death">cause of death</a> for a decedent aged 80 or older by a doctor who has "cared for the deceased over a long period" and "observed a gradual decline in [the] patient's general health", if there is no known "identifiable disease or injury that contributed to the death".<a href="#cite_note-185">[182]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><a href="#cite_ref-215">^</a> The elderly retired butler quoted in the Guardian article was mistaken: the Queen and the Duke visited the White House in July 1976, during the term of <a href="/wiki/President_Ford" class="mw-redirect" title="President Ford">President Ford</a>, not <a href="/wiki/President_Carter" class="mw-redirect" title="President Carter">President Carter</a>.<a href="#cite_note-214">[210]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-GreeceDenmarkNameBundle-2"><a href="#cite_ref-GreeceDenmarkNameBundle_2-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist" style="display:inline-flex;--size:100%; max-width:max(15em, calc(var(--size) - 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cs2">Eade, Philip (2011), Prince Philip: The Turbulent Early Life of the Man Who Married Queen Elizabeth II, New York: St. Martin's Griffin, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-250-01363-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-250-01363-7"><bdi>978-1-250-01363-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prince+Philip%3A+The+Turbulent+Early+Life+of+the+Man+Who+Married+Queen+Elizabeth+II&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Griffin&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-250-01363-7&rft.aulast=Eade&rft.aufirst=Philip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrince+Philip%2C+Duke+of+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamilton1985" class="citation book cs2">Hamilton, Alan (1985), The Royal Handbook, London: Mitchell Beazley, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85533-566-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85533-566-3"><bdi>978-0-85533-566-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Royal+Handbook&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Mitchell+Beazley&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-0-85533-566-3&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrince+Philip%2C+Duke+of+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeald1991" class="citation book cs2"><a href="/wiki/Tim_Heald" title="Tim Heald">Heald, Tim</a> (1991), The Duke: A Portrait of Prince Philip, London: Hodder and Stoughton, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-34-054607-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-34-054607-9"><bdi>978-0-34-054607-9</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Duke%3A+A+Portrait+of+Prince+Philip&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Hodder+and+Stoughton&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-34-054607-9&rft.aulast=Heald&rft.aufirst=Tim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrince+Philip%2C+Duke+of+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeald2007" class="citation book cs2">Heald, Tim (2007), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/princessmargaret0000heal_n5q7">Princess Margaret: A Life Unravelled</a>, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-297-84820-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-297-84820-2"><bdi>978-0-297-84820-2</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Princess+Margaret%3A+A+Life+Unravelled&rft.pub=Weidenfeld+%26+Nicolson&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-297-84820-2&rft.aulast=Heald&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fprincessmargaret0000heal_n5q7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrince+Philip%2C+Duke+of+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnight1984" class="citation book cs2"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Knight_(author)" title="Stephen Knight (author)">Knight, Stephen</a> (1984), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/TheBrotherhoodKnightStephen/">The Brotherhood: The Secret World of the Freemasons</a>, Stein and Day, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8128-2994-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8128-2994-5"><bdi>978-0-8128-2994-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Brotherhood%3A+The+Secret+World+of+the+Freemasons&rft.pub=Stein+and+Day&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0-8128-2994-5&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FTheBrotherhoodKnightStephen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrince+Philip%2C+Duke+of+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLacey2002" class="citation book cs2"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Lacey" title="Robert Lacey">Lacey, Robert</a> (2002), Royal: Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, London: Little, Brown, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-31-685940-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-31-685940-0"><bdi>978-0-31-685940-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Royal%3A+Her+Majesty+Queen+Elizabeth+II&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-31-685940-0&rft.aulast=Lacey&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrince+Philip%2C+Duke+of+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLoudaMaclagan1999" class="citation book cs2"><a href="/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_Louda" title="Jiří Louda">Louda, Jiří</a>; <a href="/wiki/Michael_Maclagan" title="Michael Maclagan">Maclagan, Michael</a> (1999) [1981], Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe (2nd ed.), London: Little, Brown, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-316-84820-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-316-84820-6"><bdi>978-0-316-84820-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lines+of+Succession%3A+Heraldry+of+the+Royal+Families+of+Europe&rft.place=London&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-316-84820-6&rft.aulast=Louda&rft.aufirst=Ji%C5%99%C3%AD&rft.au=Maclagan%2C+Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrince+Philip%2C+Duke+of+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMontgomery-Massingberd1977" class="citation book cs2"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Massingberd" title="Hugh Massingberd">Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh</a>, ed. (1977), Burke's Royal Families of the World (1st ed.), London: Burke's Peerage, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85-011023-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85-011023-4"><bdi>978-0-85-011023-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Burke%27s+Royal+Families+of+the+World&rft.place=London&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Burke%27s+Peerage&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-0-85-011023-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrince+Philip%2C+Duke+of+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTågholt1963" class="citation book cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tågholt, Knud (1963), Det glücksburgske kongehus, fra Christian IX til prinsesse Margrethe: Den danske kongeslægt gennem hundrede år, 1863–1963 (in Danish), Aros</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Det+gl%C3%BCcksburgske+kongehus%2C+fra+Christian+IX+til+prinsesse+Margrethe%3A+Den+danske+kongesl%C3%A6gt+gennem+hundrede+%C3%A5r%2C+1863%E2%80%931963&rft.pub=Aros&rft.date=1963&rft.aulast=T%C3%A5gholt&rft.aufirst=Knud&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrince+Philip%2C+Duke+of+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVickers2000" class="citation book cs2"><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Vickers" title="Hugo Vickers">Vickers, Hugo</a> (2000), Alice, Princess Andrew of Greece, London: Hamish Hamilton, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-24-113686-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-24-113686-7"><bdi>978-0-24-113686-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alice%2C+Princess+Andrew+of+Greece&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Hamish+Hamilton&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-24-113686-7&rft.aulast=Vickers&rft.aufirst=Hugo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrince+Philip%2C+Duke+of+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZiegler2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs2"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Ziegler" title="Philip Ziegler">Ziegler, Philip</a> (2004), "Alice, Princess [Princess Alice of Battenberg; married name Princess Andrew of Greece]", in <a href="/wiki/Colin_Matthew" title="Colin Matthew">Matthew, H. C. G.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Brian_Harrison_(historian)" title="Brian Harrison (historian)">Harrison, Brian</a> (eds.), <a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a> (online ed.), Oxford University Press, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F66337">10.1093/ref:odnb/66337</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-861411-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-861411-1"><bdi>978-0-19-861411-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Alice%2C+Princess+%5BPrincess+Alice+of+Battenberg%3B+married+name+Princess+Andrew+of+Greece%5D&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F66337&rft.isbn=978-0-19-861411-1&rft.aulast=Ziegler&rft.aufirst=Philip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrince+Philip%2C+Duke+of+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> (Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/category:Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" class="extiw" title="c:category:Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" class="extiw" title="q:Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/27px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/41px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/54px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80976" class="extiw" title="d:Q80976">Data</a> from Wikidata</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.royal.uk/duke-edinburgh-1921-2021-0">The Duke of Edinburgh</a> at the Royal Family website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rct.uk/collection/people/prince-philip-duke-of-edinburgh-1921-2021#/type/subject">Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh</a> at the website of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Collection_Trust" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Collection Trust">Royal Collection Trust</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dofe.org/">The Duke of Edinburgh's Award</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-10224525">Obituary</a> at <a href="/wiki/BBC_News_Online" title="BBC News Online">BBC News Online</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://purl.org/pressemappe20/folder/pe/013568">Newspaper clippings about Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh</a> in the <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Press_Archives" title="20th Century Press Archives">20th Century Press Archives</a> of the <a href="/wiki/German_National_Library_of_Economics" title="German National Library of Economics">ZBW</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person.php?LinkID=mp03535">Portraits of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh</a> at the <a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London" title="National Portrait Gallery, London">National Portrait Gallery, London</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80976#P1816" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0697611/">Prince Philip</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80976#P345" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?13882">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #65BCFF"><a href="/wiki/British_monarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="British monarchy">British royalty</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Bowes-Lyon" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon">Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon</a></div>as <a href="/wiki/Queen_consort" title="Queen consort">queen consort</a> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Consort_of_the_British_monarch" class="mw-redirect" title="Consort of the British monarch">Consort of the British monarch</a> 6 February 1952 – 9 April 2021 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Vacant<div style="font-size:90%">Title next held by</div><a href="/wiki/Camilla_Shand" class="mw-redirect" title="Camilla Shand">Camilla Shand</a> as <a href="/wiki/Queen_consort" title="Queen consort">queen consort</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;"><a href="/wiki/Peerage_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Peerage of the United Kingdom">Peerage of the United Kingdom</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">New creation </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Duke of Edinburgh">Duke of Edinburgh</a> 1947–2021 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">The Prince of Wales</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #DAA520;">Academic offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/The_Marquess_of_Linlithgow" class="mw-redirect" title="The Marquess of Linlithgow">The Marquess of Linlithgow</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_University_of_Edinburgh" title="Chancellor of the University of Edinburgh">Chancellor of the University of Edinburgh</a> 1953–2010 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Anne,_Princess_Royal" title="Anne, Princess Royal">The Princess Royal</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">New institution </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/University_of_Salford" title="University of Salford">Chancellor of the University of Salford</a> 1967–1991 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sarah,_Duchess_of_York" title="Sarah, Duchess of York">The Duchess of York</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Adrian" title="Edgar Adrian">The Lord Adrian</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_University_of_Cambridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Chancellor of the University of Cambridge">Chancellor of the University of Cambridge</a> 1976–2011 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_Sainsbury_of_Turville" class="mw-redirect" title="The Lord Sainsbury of Turville">The Lord Sainsbury of Turville</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF157;">Honorary titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Teck" title="Mary of Teck">Queen Mary</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Grand_Master_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Master of the Order of the British Empire">Grand Master of the Order of the British Empire</a> 24 March 1953 – 9 April 2021 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Vacant<div style="font-size:90%">Title next held by</div><a href="/wiki/Queen_Camilla" title="Queen Camilla">Queen Camilla</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/George_VI" title="George VI">King George VI</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Air_Commodore-in-Chief" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Commodore-in-Chief">Air Commodore-in-Chief</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Air_Training_Corps" title="Air Training Corps">Air Training Corps</a> 1953–2015 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Catherine,_Princess_of_Wales" title="Catherine, Princess of Wales">The Duchess of Cambridge</a></div>as <a href="/wiki/Air_Commandant" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Commandant">Air Commandant</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">New title </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Colonel-in-Chief" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonel-in-Chief">Colonel-in-Chief</a> of <a href="/wiki/The_Rifles" title="The Rifles">The Rifles</a> 2007–2020 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Queen_Camilla" title="Queen Camilla">The Duchess of Cornwall</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #CF9C65;">Military offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">The Queen</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Lord_High_Admiral_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom">Lord High Admiral</a> 10 June 2011 – 9 April 2021 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">The Queen</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Template:Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Template talk:Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh349" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>10 June 1921 – 9 April 2021 (1921-06-10 – 2021-04-09)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_titles_and_honours_of_Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="List of titles and honours of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh">Titles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Duke of Edinburgh">Duke of Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Merioneth" title="Earl of Merioneth">Earl of Merioneth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baron_Greenwich" title="Baron Greenwich">Baron Greenwich</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ancestry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Gl%C3%BCcksburg" title="House of Glücksburg">House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battenberg_family" title="Battenberg family">Battenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountbatten_family" title="Mountbatten family">Mountbatten</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne,_Princess_Royal" title="Anne, Princess Royal">Anne, Princess Royal</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Andrew,_Duke_of_York" title="Prince Andrew, Duke of York">Prince Andrew, Duke of York</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh">Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Andrew_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark">Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Alice_of_Battenberg" title="Princess Alice of Battenberg">Princess Alice of Battenberg</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Margarita_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Princess Margarita of Greece and Denmark">Margarita, Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Theodora_of_Greece_and_Denmark_(1906%E2%80%931969)" title="Princess Theodora of Greece and Denmark (1906–1969)">Theodora, Margravine of Baden</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Cecilie_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Princess Cecilie of Greece and Denmark">Cecilie, Hereditary Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Sophie_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Princess Sophie of Greece and Denmark">Sophie, Princess George William of Hanover</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountbatten-Windsor" title="Mountbatten-Windsor">Mountbatten-Windsor</a> family</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events and roles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_of_Princess_Elizabeth_and_Philip_Mountbatten" title="Wedding of Princess Elizabeth and Philip Mountbatten">Wedding</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Elizabeth_and_Philip_Mountbatten%27s_wedding_cakes" title="Princess Elizabeth and Philip Mountbatten's wedding cakes">wedding cake</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Duke_of_Edinburgh%27s_Award" title="The Duke of Edinburgh's Award">The Duke of Edinburgh's Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Study_Conference" title="Commonwealth Study Conference">Commonwealth Study Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Philip_Designers_Prize" title="Prince Philip Designers Prize">Prince Philip Designers Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Fund_for_Nature" title="World Wide Fund for Nature">World Wildlife Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Philip_Medal" title="Prince Philip Medal">Prince Philip Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_royal_tour_of_Canada" title="2002 royal tour of Canada">2002 royal tour of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_High_Admiral_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom">Lord High Admiral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_funeral_of_Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Death and funeral of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh">Death and funeral</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Family_(film)" title="Royal Family (film)">Royal Family</a> (1969 film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitting_Image" title="Spitting Image">Spitting Image</a> (1984–1996 TV series)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willi_und_die_Windzors" title="Willi und die Windzors">Willi und die Windzors</a> (1996 film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Queen_(2006_film)" title="The Queen (2006 film)">The Queen</a> (2006 film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Queen_(British_TV_serial)" title="The Queen (British TV serial)">The Queen</a> (2009 TV serial)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Crown_(TV_series)" title="The Crown (TV series)">The Crown</a> (2016–2023 TV series)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip:_The_Final_Portrait" title="Philip: The Final Portrait">Philip: The Final Portrait</a> (2021 book)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Prince_(TV_series)" title="The Prince (TV series)">The Prince</a> (2021 TV series)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Philip_movement" title="Prince Philip movement">Prince Philip movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Edinburgh%27s_Royal_Regiment" title="Duke of Edinburgh's Royal Regiment">Duke of Edinburgh's Royal Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men,_Machines_and_Sacred_Cows" title="Men, Machines and Sacred Cows">Men, Machines and Sacred Cows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Magpie_(U82)" title="HMS Magpie (U82)">HMS Magpie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_of_Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Standard of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh">Personal standard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Queen_Elizabeth_II_and_Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh,_Antrim" title="Statue of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Antrim">Statue of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Antrim</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles92" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles92" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="English,_Scottish_and_British_royal_consorts223" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:British_consort" title="Template:British consort"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:British_consort" title="Template talk:British consort"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:British_consort" title="Special:EditPage/Template:British consort"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="English,_Scottish_and_British_royal_consorts223" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_English_royal_consorts" title="List of English royal consorts">English</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_royal_consorts" title="List of Scottish royal consorts">Scottish</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_British_royal_consorts" title="List of British royal consorts">British</a> royal consorts</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;">Royal consorts in England until 1603</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;">Royal consorts in Scotland until 1603</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;padding: 0 0.5em; text-align:center;width:50%;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86lfgifu_of_Shaftesbury" title="Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury">Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86thelfl%C3%A6d_of_Damerham" title="Æthelflæd of Damerham">Æthelflæd of Damerham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86lfgifu_(wife_of_Eadwig)" title="Ælfgifu (wife of Eadwig)">Ælfgifu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86lfthryth_(wife_of_Edgar)" title="Ælfthryth (wife of Edgar)">Ælfthryth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86lfgifu_of_York" title="Ælfgifu of York">Ælfgifu of York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigrid_the_Haughty" title="Sigrid the Haughty">Sigrid the Haughty</a>/<a href="/wiki/%C5%9Awi%C4%99tos%C5%82awa" title="Świętosława">Świętosława</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ealdgyth_(wife_of_Edmund_Ironside)" title="Ealdgyth (wife of Edmund Ironside)">Ealdgyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_of_Normandy" title="Emma of Normandy">Emma of Normandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_of_Wessex" title="Edith of Wessex">Edith of Wessex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_of_Mercia" title="Edith of Mercia">Edith of Mercia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matilda_of_Flanders" title="Matilda of Flanders">Matilda of Flanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matilda_of_Scotland" title="Matilda of Scotland">Matilda of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adeliza_of_Louvain" title="Adeliza of Louvain">Adeliza of Louvain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matilda_I,_Countess_of_Boulogne" title="Matilda I, Countess of Boulogne">Matilda of Boulogne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Plantagenet,_Count_of_Anjou" title="Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou">Geoffrey Plantagenet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_of_Aquitaine" title="Eleanor of Aquitaine">Eleanor of Aquitaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_France,_Queen_of_England_and_Hungary" title="Margaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary">Margaret of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berengaria_of_Navarre" title="Berengaria of Navarre">Berengaria of Navarre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_Angoul%C3%AAme" title="Isabella of Angoulême">Isabella of Angoulême</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanche_of_Castile" title="Blanche of Castile">Blanche of Castile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_of_Provence" title="Eleanor of Provence">Eleanor of Provence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_of_Castile" title="Eleanor of Castile">Eleanor of Castile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_France,_Queen_of_England" title="Margaret of France, Queen of England">Margaret of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_France" title="Isabella of France">Isabella of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippa_of_Hainault" title="Philippa of Hainault">Philippa of Hainault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Bohemia" title="Anne of Bohemia">Anne of Bohemia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_Valois" title="Isabella of Valois">Isabella of Valois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Navarre,_Queen_of_England" title="Joan of Navarre, Queen of England">Joan of Navarre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Valois" title="Catherine of Valois">Catherine of Valois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Anjou" title="Margaret of Anjou">Margaret of Anjou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Woodville" title="Elizabeth Woodville">Elizabeth Woodville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Neville" title="Anne Neville">Anne Neville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_of_York" title="Elizabeth of York">Elizabeth of York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Aragon" title="Catherine of Aragon">Catherine of Aragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Boleyn" title="Anne Boleyn">Anne Boleyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Seymour" title="Jane Seymour">Jane Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Cleves" title="Anne of Cleves">Anne of Cleves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Howard" title="Catherine Howard">Catherine Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Parr" title="Catherine Parr">Catherine Parr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Guildford_Dudley" title="Lord Guildford Dudley">Guildford Dudley</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding: 0 0.5em; text-align:center;width:50%;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gruoch" title="Gruoch">Gruoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingibiorg_Finnsdottir" title="Ingibiorg Finnsdottir">Ingibiorg Finnsdottir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Margaret_of_Scotland" title="Saint Margaret of Scotland">Margaret of Wessex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethelreda_(daughter_of_Gospatric)" title="Ethelreda (daughter of Gospatric)">Ethelreda of Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sybilla_of_Normandy" title="Sybilla of Normandy">Sybilla of Normandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maud,_Countess_of_Huntingdon" title="Maud, Countess of Huntingdon">Maud of Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ermengarde_de_Beaumont" title="Ermengarde de Beaumont">Ermengarde de Beaumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_of_England,_Queen_of_Scotland" title="Joan of England, Queen of Scotland">Joan of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_de_Coucy" title="Marie de Coucy">Marie de Coucy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_England" title="Margaret of England">Margaret of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yolande_of_Dreux,_Queen_of_Scotland" title="Yolande of Dreux, Queen of Scotland">Yolande de Dreux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_de_Burgh" title="Elizabeth de Burgh">Elizabeth de Burgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_of_the_Tower" title="Joan of the Tower">Joan of the Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Drummond,_Queen_of_Scotland" title="Margaret Drummond, Queen of Scotland">Margaret Drummond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphemia_de_Ross" title="Euphemia de Ross">Euphemia de Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anabella_Drummond" title="Anabella Drummond">Anabella Drummond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Beaufort,_Queen_of_Scots" title="Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scots">Joan Beaufort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Guelders" title="Mary of Guelders">Mary of Guelders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Denmark,_Queen_of_Scotland" title="Margaret of Denmark, Queen of Scotland">Margaret of Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Tudor" title="Margaret Tudor">Margaret Tudor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeleine_of_Valois" title="Madeleine of Valois">Madeleine of Valois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Guise" title="Mary of Guise">Mary of Guise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_II_of_France" title="Francis II of France">Francis II of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Stuart,_Lord_Darnley" title="Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley">Henry Stuart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Hepburn,_4th_Earl_of_Bothwell" title="James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell">James Hepburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Denmark" title="Anne of Denmark">Anne of Denmark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="*_Royal_consorts_in_England_and_Scotland_after_the_Union_of_the_Crowns_from_160390"> <ul><li>Royal consorts in England and Scotland after the <a href="/wiki/Union_of_the_Crowns" title="Union of the Crowns">Union of the Crowns</a> from 1603</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Denmark" title="Anne of Denmark">Anne of Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Maria_of_France" title="Henrietta Maria of France">Henrietta Maria of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Braganza" title="Catherine of Braganza">Catherine of Braganza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Modena" title="Mary of Modena">Mary of Modena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_George_of_Denmark" title="Prince George of Denmark">George of Denmark and Norway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="*_British_royal_consorts_after_the_Acts_of_Union_170763"> <ul><li>British royal consorts after the <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1707" title="Acts of Union 1707">Acts of Union 1707</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prince_George_of_Denmark" title="Prince George of Denmark">George of Denmark and Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_of_Ansbach" title="Caroline of Ansbach">Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_of_Mecklenburg-Strelitz" title="Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz">Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_of_Brunswick" title="Caroline of Brunswick">Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_of_Saxe-Meiningen" title="Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen">Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Albert_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_of_Denmark" title="Alexandra of Denmark">Alexandra of Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Teck" title="Mary of Teck">Mary of Teck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_The_Queen_Mother" title="Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother">Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Philip of Greece and Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Camilla" title="Queen Camilla">Camilla Shand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Spouses of debatable or disputed rulers are in italics</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="British_princes853" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:British_princes" title="Template:British princes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:British_princes" title="Template talk:British princes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:British_princes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:British princes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="British_princes853" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/British_prince" title="British prince">British princes</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>The generations indicate descent from <a href="/wiki/George_I_of_Great_Britain" title="George I of Great Britain">George I</a>, who formalised the use of the titles prince and princess for members of the British royal family.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1st generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_II_of_Great_Britain" title="George II of Great Britain">King George II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2nd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales" title="Frederick, Prince of Wales">Frederick, Prince of Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_George_William_of_Great_Britain" title="Prince George William of Great Britain">Prince George William</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_William,_Duke_of_Cumberland" title="Prince William, Duke of Cumberland">Prince William, Duke of Cumberland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3rd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_III" title="George III">King George III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_York_and_Albany" title="Prince Edward, Duke of York and Albany">Prince Edward, Duke of York and Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_William_Henry,_Duke_of_Gloucester_and_Edinburgh" title="Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh">Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Henry,_Duke_of_Cumberland_and_Strathearn" title="Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn">Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Frederick_of_Great_Britain" title="Prince Frederick of Great Britain">Prince Frederick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">4th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_IV" title="George IV">King George IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Frederick,_Duke_of_York_and_Albany" title="Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany">Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_IV" title="William IV">King William IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Kent_and_Strathearn" title="Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn">Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Augustus,_King_of_Hanover" title="Ernest Augustus, King of Hanover">King Ernest Augustus of Hanover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Augustus_Frederick,_Duke_of_Sussex" title="Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex">Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Adolphus,_Duke_of_Cambridge" title="Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge">Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Octavius_of_Great_Britain" title="Prince Octavius of Great Britain">Prince Octavius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Alfred_of_Great_Britain" title="Prince Alfred of Great Britain">Prince Alfred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_William_Frederick,_Duke_of_Gloucester_and_Edinburgh" title="Prince William Frederick, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh">Prince William Frederick, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">5th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Albert_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Prince Albert</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_V_of_Hanover" title="George V of Hanover">King George V of Hanover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_George,_Duke_of_Cambridge" title="Prince George, Duke of Cambridge">Prince George, Duke of Cambridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">6th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_VII" title="Edward VII">King Edward VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh and of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Arthur,_Duke_of_Connaught_and_Strathearn" title="Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn">Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Leopold,_Duke_of_Albany" title="Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany">Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Augustus,_Crown_Prince_of_Hanover" title="Ernest Augustus, Crown Prince of Hanover">Prince Ernest Augustus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">7th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Albert_Victor,_Duke_of_Clarence_and_Avondale" title="Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale">Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_V" title="George V">King George V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Alexander_John_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Alexander John of Wales">Prince Alexander John of Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred,_Hereditary_Prince_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Alfred, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Alfred, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Arthur_of_Connaught" title="Prince Arthur of Connaught">Prince Arthur of Connaught</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Edward,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Prince Charles Edward, Duke of Albany and of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Augustus,_Crown_Prince_of_Hanover#Issue" title="Ernest Augustus, Crown Prince of Hanover">Prince George William of Hanover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Augustus,_Crown_Prince_of_Hanover#Issue" title="Ernest Augustus, Crown Prince of Hanover">Prince Christian of Hanover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Augustus,_Duke_of_Brunswick" title="Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick">Prince Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">8th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_VIII" title="Edward VIII">King Edward VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_VI" title="George VI">King George VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Henry,_Duke_of_Gloucester" title="Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester">Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_George,_Duke_of_Kent" title="Prince George, Duke of Kent">Prince George, Duke of Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_John_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prince John of the United Kingdom">Prince John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alastair_Windsor,_2nd_Duke_of_Connaught_and_Strathearn" title="Alastair Windsor, 2nd Duke of Connaught and Strathearn">Alastair, 2nd Duke of Connaught and Strathearn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Leopold,_Hereditary_Prince_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Johann Leopold, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Johann Leopold, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Hubertus_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha_(pilot)" title="Prince Hubertus of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (pilot)">Prince Hubertus of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Ernest_Augustus_of_Hanover_(born_1914)" title="Prince Ernest Augustus of Hanover (born 1914)">Prince Ernest Augustus of Hanover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_George_William_of_Hanover" title="Prince George William of Hanover">Prince George William of Hanover</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">9th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_William_of_Gloucester" title="Prince William of Gloucester">Prince William of Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Richard,_Duke_of_Gloucester" title="Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester">Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Kent" title="Prince Edward, Duke of Kent">Prince Edward, Duke of Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Michael_of_Kent" title="Prince Michael of Kent">Prince Michael of Kent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">10th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">King Charles III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Andrew,_Duke_of_York" title="Prince Andrew, Duke of York">Prince Andrew, Duke of York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh">Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">11th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William,_Prince_of_Wales" title="William, Prince of Wales">William, Prince of Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Harry,_Duke_of_Sussex" title="Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex">Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James,_Earl_of_Wessex" title="James, Earl of Wessex">James Mountbatten-Windsor, Earl of Wessex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">12th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prince_George_of_Wales" title="Prince George of Wales">Prince George of Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Louis_of_Wales" title="Prince Louis of Wales">Prince Louis of Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Archie_of_Sussex" title="Prince Archie of Sussex">Prince Archie of Sussex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>1 Not a British prince by birth, but created <a href="/wiki/Prince_consort" title="Prince consort">Prince Consort</a>. 2 Not a British prince by birth, but created a Prince of the United Kingdom. Princes whose titles were removed and eligible people who do not use the title are shown in italics.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chancellors_of_the_University_of_Cambridge89" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chancellors_of_the_University_of_Cambridge" title="Template:Chancellors of the University of Cambridge"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chancellors_of_the_University_of_Cambridge" title="Template talk:Chancellors of the University of Cambridge"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chancellors_of_the_University_of_Cambridge" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chancellors of the University of Cambridge"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chancellors_of_the_University_of_Cambridge89" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chancellors_of_the_University_of_Cambridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Chancellors of the University of Cambridge">Chancellors of the University of Cambridge</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_of_Wetheringsett" title="Richard of Wetheringsett">Richard of Wetheringsett</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hugh_de_Hotton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hugh de Hotton (page does not exist)">Hugh de Hotton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reginald_Gerninghall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reginald Gerninghall (page does not exist)">Reginald Gerninghall</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Hepworth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen Hepworth (page does not exist)">Stephen Hepworth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_de_Ludham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William de Ludham (page does not exist)">William de Ludham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_de_Gedney&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard de Gedney (page does not exist)">Richard de Gedney</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Dryfield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Dryfield (page does not exist)">Richard Dryfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_de_Asgarby" title="John de Asgarby">John de Asgarby</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Hooke_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Hooke (academic) (page does not exist)">John Hooke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_de_Fulbourn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roger de Fulbourn (page does not exist)">Roger de Fulbourn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrew_de_Gisleham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrew de Gisleham (page does not exist)">Andrew de Gisleham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Sheringham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Sheringham (page does not exist)">Thomas Sheringham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Hepworth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen Hepworth (page does not exist)">Stephen Hepworth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_de_Leicester&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ralph de Leicester (page does not exist)">Ralph de Leicester</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_de_Boyton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry de Boyton (page does not exist)">Henry de Boyton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_de_Bradenham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John de Bradenham (page does not exist)">John de Bradenham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_de_Sheringham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas de Sheringham (page does not exist)">Thomas de Sheringham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Hepworth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen Hepworth (page does not exist)">Stephen Hepworth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Haslingfield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen Haslingfield (page does not exist)">Stephen Haslingfield</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_de_Segrace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen de Segrace (page does not exist)">Stephen de Segrace</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Haslingfield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen Haslingfield (page does not exist)">Stephen Haslingfield</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_de_Ashton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard de Ashton (page does not exist)">Richard de Ashton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Northburgh" title="Roger Northburgh">Roger Northburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Badew" title="Richard Badew">Richard de Badew</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_de_Foxton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas de Foxton (page does not exist)">Thomas de Foxton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_de_Winwick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert de Winwick (page does not exist)">Robert de Winwick</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_de_Winwick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert de Winwick (page does not exist)">Robert de Winwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_de_Langley" title="John de Langley">John de Langley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_de_Mildenhall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert de Mildenhall (page does not exist)">Robert de Mildenhall</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_de_Herwarden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry de Herwarden (page does not exist)">Henry de Herwarden</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Harling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Harling (page does not exist)">Richard Harling</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_de_Claydon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert de Claydon (page does not exist)">Robert de Claydon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_de_Northwood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas de Northwood (page does not exist)">Thomas de Northwood</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_de_Northwood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas de Northwood (page does not exist)">Thomas de Northwood</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_de_Crakhall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John de Crakhall (page does not exist)">John de Crakhall</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_de_Grantchester&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas de Grantchester (page does not exist)">Thomas de Grantchester</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_de_Lymbergh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William de Lymbergh (page does not exist)">William de Lymbergh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Harling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Harling (page does not exist)">Richard Harling</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthony_of_Grantchester&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anthony of Grantchester (page does not exist)">Anthony of Grantchester</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Tynkell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Tynkell (page does not exist)">William Tynkell</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Sutton_(chancellor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Sutton (chancellor) (page does not exist)">Thomas Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_de_Wetherset&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard de Wetherset (page does not exist)">Richard de Wetherset</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_de_Haynton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael de Haynton (page does not exist)">Michael de Haynton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_de_Causton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael de Causton (page does not exist)">Michael de Causton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_de_Gotham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William de Gotham (page does not exist)">William de Gotham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_de_Stewkley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas de Stewkley (page does not exist)">Thomas de Stewkley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_de_Donwich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John de Donwich (page does not exist)">John de Donwich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_de_Lakenheath&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adam de Lakenheath (page does not exist)">Adam de Lakenheath</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_de_Donwich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John de Donwich (page does not exist)">John de Donwich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_de_Gotham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William de Gotham (page does not exist)">William de Gotham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Scrope_(chancellor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Scrope (chancellor) (page does not exist)">Richard Scrope</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eudo_Zouche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eudo Zouche (page does not exist)">Eudo Zouche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cavendish" title="John Cavendish">John Cavendish</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guy_Zouche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guy Zouche (page does not exist)">Guy Zouche</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_de_Bromyard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John de Bromyard (page does not exist)">John de Bromyard</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_of_Neketon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John of Neketon (page does not exist)">John of Neketon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_de_Burgh_(Cambridge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John de Burgh (Cambridge) (page does not exist)">John de Burgh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Hetherset&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Hetherset (page does not exist)">Thomas Hetherset</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_de_Burgh_(Cambridge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John de Burgh (Cambridge) (page does not exist)">John de Burgh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Colvile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Colvile (page does not exist)">William Colvile</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Dereham_(Cambridge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Dereham (Cambridge) (page does not exist)">Richard Dereham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Colvile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Colvile (page does not exist)">William Colvile</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_de_Neketon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John de Neketon (page does not exist)">John de Neketon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Colvile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Colvile (page does not exist)">William Colvile</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guy_Zouche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guy Zouche (page does not exist)">Guy Zouche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Billingford" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Billingford">Richard Billingford</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Dereham_(Cambridge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Dereham (Cambridge) (page does not exist)">Richard Dereham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Billingford" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Billingford">Richard Billingford</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_le_Scrope&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen le Scrope (page does not exist)">Stephen le Scrope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Rickingale" title="John Rickingale">John de Rickingale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_of_Cobham" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas of Cobham">Thomas of Cobham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Fitzhugh" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Fitzhugh">Robert Fitzhugh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Wymbell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Wymbell (page does not exist)">William Wymbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmaduke_Lumley" title="Marmaduke Lumley">Marmaduke Lumley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Holeroke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Holeroke (page does not exist)">John Holeroke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lascells&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Lascells (page does not exist)">William Lascells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Billingford" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Billingford">Richard Billingford</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Cawdray&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Cawdray (page does not exist)">Richard Cawdray</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Langton_(bishop_of_St_Davids)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Langton (bishop of St Davids) (page does not exist)">John Langton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicholas_Kenton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicholas Kenton (page does not exist)">Nicholas Kenton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Langton_(bishop_of_St_Davids)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Langton (bishop of St Davids) (page does not exist)">John Langton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Ascogh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Ascogh (page does not exist)">Robert Ascogh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Close" title="Nicholas Close">Nicholas Close</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Percy_(bishop)" title="William Percy (bishop)">William Percy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Booth" title="Lawrence Booth">Lawrence Booth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Wilflete&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Wilflete (page does not exist)">William Wilflete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Woodlark" title="Robert Woodlark">Robert Woodlark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Scroope" title="Richard Scroope">Richard Scroope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Woodlark" title="Robert Woodlark">Robert Woodlark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Booth_(bishop)" title="John Booth (bishop)">John Booth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Wilflete&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Wilflete (page does not exist)">William Wilflete</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Harrison_(chancellor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Harrison (chancellor) (page does not exist)">John Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Wilflete&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Wilflete (page does not exist)">William Wilflete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Story" title="Edward Story">Edward Story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rotherham" title="Thomas Rotherham">Thomas Rotherham (or Scot)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Story" title="Edward Story">Edward Story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rotherham" title="Thomas Rotherham">Thomas Rotherham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Boynton_(Cambridge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Boynton (Cambridge) (page does not exist)">John Boynton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rotherham" title="Thomas Rotherham">Thomas Rotherham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cosyn" title="Thomas Cosyn">Thomas Cosyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Blythe_(bishop)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Blythe (bishop)">John Blythe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Fitzhugh_(dean)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Fitzhugh (dean)">George Fitzhugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rotherham" title="Thomas Rotherham">Thomas Rotherham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Foxe" title="Richard Foxe">Richard Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Fitzhugh_(dean)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Fitzhugh (dean)">George Fitzhugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ruthall" title="Thomas Ruthall">Thomas Ruthall (or Rowthall)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fisher" title="John Fisher">John Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cromwell" title="Thomas Cromwell">Thomas Cromwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Gardiner" title="Stephen Gardiner">Stephen Gardiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Seymour,_1st_Duke_of_Somerset" title="Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset">Edward Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dudley,_1st_Duke_of_Northumberland" title="John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland">The Duke of Northumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Gardiner" title="Stephen Gardiner">Stephen Gardiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Pole" title="Reginald Pole">Reginald Pole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cecil,_1st_Baron_Burghley" title="William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley">The Lord Burghley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Devereux,_2nd_Earl_of_Essex" title="Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex">The Earl of Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Cecil,_1st_Earl_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury">The Earl of Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Howard,_1st_Earl_of_Northampton" title="Henry Howard, 1st Earl of Northampton">The Earl of Northampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Howard,_1st_Earl_of_Suffolk" title="Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk">The Earl of Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Villiers,_1st_Duke_of_Buckingham" title="George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham">The Duke of Buckingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Rich,_1st_Earl_of_Holland" title="Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland">The Earl of Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Montagu,_2nd_Earl_of_Manchester" title="Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester">The Earl of Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_St_John" title="Oliver St John">Oliver St John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Montagu,_2nd_Earl_of_Manchester" title="Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester">The Duke of Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Villiers,_2nd_Duke_of_Buckingham" title="George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham">The Duke of Buckingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Scott,_1st_Duke_of_Monmouth" title="James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth">The Duke of Monmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Monck,_2nd_Duke_of_Albemarle" title="Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle">The Duke of Albemarle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Seymour,_6th_Duke_of_Somerset" title="Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset">The Duke of Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pelham-Holles,_1st_Duke_of_Newcastle" title="Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle">The Duke of Newcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_FitzRoy,_3rd_Duke_of_Grafton" title="Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton">The Duke of Grafton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_William_Frederick,_Duke_of_Gloucester_and_Edinburgh" title="Prince William Frederick, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh">HRH The Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Pratt,_1st_Marquess_Camden" title="John Pratt, 1st Marquess Camden">The Marquess Camden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Percy,_3rd_Duke_of_Northumberland" title="Hugh Percy, 3rd Duke of Northumberland">The Duke of Northumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Albert_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">HRH The Prince Consort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cavendish,_7th_Duke_of_Devonshire" title="William Cavendish, 7th Duke of Devonshire">The Duke of Devonshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Cavendish,_8th_Duke_of_Devonshire" title="Spencer Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire">The Duke of Devonshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_William_Strutt,_3rd_Baron_Rayleigh" title="John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh">The Lord Rayleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Balfour" title="Arthur Balfour">The Earl of Balfour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Baldwin" title="Stanley Baldwin">The Earl Baldwin of Bewdley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Smuts" title="Jan Smuts">Jan Smuts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Tedder,_1st_Baron_Tedder" title="Arthur Tedder, 1st Baron Tedder">The Lord Tedder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Adrian,_1st_Baron_Adrian" class="mw-redirect" title="Edgar Adrian, 1st Baron Adrian">The Lord Adrian</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">HRH The Duke of Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Sainsbury" class="mw-redirect" title="David Sainsbury">The Lord Sainsbury of Turville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Greek_princes288" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greek_princes" title="Template:Greek princes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_princes" title="Template talk:Greek princes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_princes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek princes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Greek_princes288" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_princes_of_Greece" title="List of princes of Greece">Greek princes</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Generations are numbered by descent from <a href="/wiki/George_I_of_Greece" title="George I of Greece">George I</a>. All princes were also Princes of Denmark.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1st generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_I_of_Greece" title="Constantine I of Greece">King Constantine I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_George_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince George of Greece and Denmark">Prince George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Nicholas_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Nicholas of Greece and Denmark">Prince Nicholas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Andrew_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark">Prince Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Christopher_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Christopher of Greece and Denmark">Prince Cristopher</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Greece_(accurate).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Greece_%28accurate%29.svg/90px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Greece_%28accurate%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Greece_%28accurate%29.svg/135px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Greece_%28accurate%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Greece_%28accurate%29.svg/180px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Greece_%28accurate%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1649" data-file-height="1664" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2nd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_II_of_Greece" title="George II of Greece">King George II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_of_Greece" title="Alexander of Greece">King Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_of_Greece" title="Paul of Greece">King Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Peter_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Peter of Greece and Denmark">Prince Peter</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prince Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Michael_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Michael of Greece and Denmark">Prince Michael</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3rd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_II_of_Greece" title="Constantine II of Greece">King Constantine II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">4th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pavlos,_Crown_Prince_of_Greece" title="Pavlos, Crown Prince of Greece">Crown Prince Pavlos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Nikolaos_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Nikolaos of Greece and Denmark">Prince Nikolaos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Philippos_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Philippos of Greece and Denmark">Prince Philippos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">5th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Constantine-Alexios_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Constantine-Alexios of Greece and Denmark">Prince Constantine-Alexios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Achileas-Andreas_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Achileas-Andreas of Greece and Denmark">Prince Achileas-Andreas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Odysseus-Kimon_of_Greece_and_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Odysseus-Kimon of Greece and Denmark">Prince Odysseas-Kimon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Aristidis-Stavros_of_Greece_and_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Aristidis-Stavros of Greece and Denmark">Prince Aristidis-Stavros</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>See also <a href="/wiki/House_of_Gl%C3%BCcksburg" title="House of Glücksburg">House of Glücksburg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greek_royal_family" title="Greek royal family">Greek royal family</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Danish_princes1146" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Danish_princes" title="Template:Danish princes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Danish_princes" title="Template talk:Danish princes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Danish_princes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Danish princes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Danish_princes1146" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_princes_of_Denmark" title="List of princes of Denmark">Danish princes</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>The generations are numbered from the implementation of hereditary monarchy by <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III_of_Denmark" title="Frederick III of Denmark">Frederick III</a> in 1660.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1st generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_V_of_Denmark" title="Christian V of Denmark">King Christian V</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_George_of_Denmark" title="Prince George of Denmark">Prince George, Duke of Cumberland</a>1</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="13" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark_(2024).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark_%282024%29.svg/100px-Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark_%282024%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark_%282024%29.svg/150px-Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark_%282024%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark_%282024%29.svg/200px-Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark_%282024%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="992" data-file-height="1177" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2nd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_IV_of_Denmark" title="Frederick IV of Denmark">King Frederick IV</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Christian_of_Denmark_(1675%E2%80%931695)" title="Prince Christian of Denmark (1675–1695)">Prince Christian</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Charles_of_Denmark" title="Prince Charles of Denmark">Prince Charles</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_William_of_Denmark" title="Prince William of Denmark">Prince William</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_William,_Duke_of_Gloucester" title="Prince William, Duke of Gloucester">Prince William, Duke of Gloucester</a>1</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3rd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_VI_of_Denmark" title="Christian VI of Denmark">King Christian VI</a>1</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">4th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_V_of_Denmark" title="Frederick V of Denmark">King Frederick V</a>1</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">5th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_VII_of_Denmark" title="Christian VII of Denmark">King Christian VII</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Hereditary_Prince_of_Denmark" title="Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Denmark">Hereditary Prince Frederick</a>1</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">6th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_VI_of_Denmark" title="Frederick VI of Denmark">King Frederick VI</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_VIII_of_Denmark" title="Christian VIII of Denmark">King Christian VIII</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand,_Hereditary_Prince_of_Denmark" title="Ferdinand, Hereditary Prince of Denmark">Hereditary Prince Ferdinand</a>1</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">7th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_VII_of_Denmark" title="Frederick VII of Denmark">King Frederick VII</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_IX_of_Denmark" title="Christian IX of Denmark">King Christian IX</a>5</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">8th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_VIII_of_Denmark" title="Frederick VIII of Denmark">King Frederick VIII</a>5</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_I_of_Greece" title="George I of Greece">King George I of Greece</a>5</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Valdemar_of_Denmark" title="Prince Valdemar of Denmark">Prince Valdemar</a>3</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">9th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_X_of_Denmark" title="Christian X of Denmark">King Christian X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_VII" title="Haakon VII">King Haakon VII of Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Harald_of_Denmark" title="Prince Harald of Denmark">Prince Harald</a>3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Gustav_of_Denmark" title="Prince Gustav of Denmark">Prince Gustav</a>3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_I_of_Greece" title="Constantine I of Greece">King Constantine I of Greece</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_George_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince George of Greece and Denmark">Prince George</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Nicholas_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Nicholas of Greece and Denmark">Prince Nicholas</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Andrew_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark">Prince Andrew</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Christopher_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Christopher of Greece and Denmark">Prince Christopher</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Aage,_Count_of_Rosenborg" title="Prince Aage, Count of Rosenborg">Prince Aage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Axel_of_Denmark" title="Prince Axel of Denmark">Prince Axel</a>3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Erik,_Count_of_Rosenborg" title="Prince Erik, Count of Rosenborg">Prince Erik</a>3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Viggo,_Count_of_Rosenborg" title="Prince Viggo, Count of Rosenborg">Prince Viggo</a>3</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">10th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederik_IX" title="Frederik IX">King Frederik IX</a>3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knud,_Hereditary_Prince_of_Denmark" title="Knud, Hereditary Prince of Denmark">Hereditary Prince Knud</a>3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olav_V" title="Olav V">King Olav V of Norway</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Gorm_of_Denmark" title="Prince Gorm of Denmark">Prince Gorm</a>3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Count_Oluf_of_Rosenborg" title="Count Oluf of Rosenborg">Prince Oluf</a>3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_II_of_Greece" title="George II of Greece">King George II of Greece</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_of_Greece" title="Alexander of Greece">King Alexander I of Greece</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_of_Greece" title="Paul of Greece">King Paul I of Greece</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Peter_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Peter of Greece and Denmark">Prince Peter</a>2</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh</a>2 4</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Michael_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Michael of Greece and Denmark">Prince Michael</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Georg_of_Denmark" title="Prince Georg of Denmark">Prince Georg</a>3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Count_Flemming_of_Rosenborg" title="Count Flemming of Rosenborg">Prince Flemming</a>3</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">11th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Henrik_of_Denmark" title="Prince Henrik of Denmark">Prince Henrik</a>5</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Count_Ingolf_of_Rosenborg" title="Count Ingolf of Rosenborg">Prince Ingolf</a>3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Count_Christian_of_Rosenborg" title="Count Christian of Rosenborg">Prince Christian</a>3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_II_of_Greece" title="Constantine II of Greece">King Constantine II of Greece</a>2</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">12th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederik_X" title="Frederik X">King Frederik X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Joachim_of_Denmark" title="Prince Joachim of Denmark">Prince Joachim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavlos,_Crown_Prince_of_Greece" title="Pavlos, Crown Prince of Greece">Crown Prince Pavlos of Greece</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Nikolaos_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Nikolaos of Greece and Denmark">Prince Nikolaos</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Philippos_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Philippos of Greece and Denmark">Prince Philippos</a>2</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">13th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian,_Crown_Prince_of_Denmark" title="Christian, Crown Prince of Denmark">Crown Prince Christian of Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Vincent_of_Denmark" title="Prince Vincent of Denmark">Prince Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Count_Nikolai_of_Monpezat" title="Count Nikolai of Monpezat">Prince Nikolai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Count_Felix_of_Monpezat" title="Count Felix of Monpezat">Prince Felix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Count_Henrik_of_Monpezat" title="Count Henrik of Monpezat">Prince Henrik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Constantine-Alexios_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Constantine-Alexios of Greece and Denmark">Prince Constantine-Alexios</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Achileas-Andreas_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Prince Achileas-Andreas of Greece and Denmark">Prince Achileas-Andreas</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Odysseas-Kimon_of_Greece_and_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Odysseas-Kimon of Greece and Denmark">Prince Odysseas-Kimon</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Aristidis-Stavros_of_Greece_and_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Aristidis-Stavros of Greece and Denmark">Prince Aristidis-Stavros</a>2</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>1 Also prince of Norway 2 Also prince of Greece 3 Also prince of Iceland 4 Also prince of the United Kingdom 5 Not Danish prince by birth, but created prince of Denmark Princes that lost their title are shown in italics</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Battenberg/Mountbatten_family434" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Battenberg_family" title="Template:Battenberg family"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Battenberg_family" title="Template talk:Battenberg family"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Battenberg_family" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Battenberg family"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Battenberg/Mountbatten_family434" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Battenberg_family" title="Battenberg family">Battenberg</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mountbatten_family" title="Mountbatten family">Mountbatten</a> family</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Generations are numbered by their descent from <a href="/wiki/Prince_Alexander_of_Hesse_and_by_Rhine" title="Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine">Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Julia,_Princess_of_Battenberg" title="Julia, Princess of Battenberg">Julia, Princess of Battenberg</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1st generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Marie_of_Battenberg" title="Princess Marie of Battenberg">Marie, Princess of Erbach-Schönberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Louis_of_Battenberg" title="Prince Louis of Battenberg">Louis Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Milford Haven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_of_Battenberg" title="Alexander of Battenberg">Alexander I, Prince of Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Henry_of_Battenberg" title="Prince Henry of Battenberg">Prince Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Francis_Joseph_of_Battenberg" title="Prince Francis Joseph of Battenberg">Prince Francis Joseph</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_Battenberg-Mountbatten.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Arms_of_Battenberg-Mountbatten.svg/75px-Arms_of_Battenberg-Mountbatten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Arms_of_Battenberg-Mountbatten.svg/113px-Arms_of_Battenberg-Mountbatten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Arms_of_Battenberg-Mountbatten.svg/150px-Arms_of_Battenberg-Mountbatten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="313" data-file-height="380" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2nd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Alice_of_Battenberg" title="Princess Alice of Battenberg">Alice, Princess Andrew of Greece and Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Mountbatten" title="Louise Mountbatten">Louise, Queen of Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Mountbatten,_2nd_Marquess_of_Milford_Haven" title="George Mountbatten, 2nd Marquess of Milford Haven">George Mountbatten, 2nd Marquess of Milford Haven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Mountbatten" title="Lord Mountbatten">Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Mountbatten,_1st_Marquess_of_Carisbrooke" title="Alexander Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Carisbrooke">Alexander Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Carisbrooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Eugenie_of_Battenberg" title="Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg">Victoria Eugenie, Queen of Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Leopold_Mountbatten" title="Lord Leopold Mountbatten">Lord Leopold Mountbatten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Maurice_of_Battenberg" title="Prince Maurice of Battenberg">Prince Maurice</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3rd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Mountbatten,_3rd_Marquess_of_Milford_Haven" title="David Mountbatten, 3rd Marquess of Milford Haven">David Mountbatten, 3rd Marquess of Milford Haven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Knatchbull,_2nd_Countess_Mountbatten_of_Burma" title="Patricia Knatchbull, 2nd Countess Mountbatten of Burma">Patricia Knatchbull, 2nd Countess Mountbatten of Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Pamela_Hicks" title="Lady Pamela Hicks">Lady Pamela Hicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Iris_Mountbatten" title="Lady Iris Mountbatten">Lady Iris Kemp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">4th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Mountbatten,_4th_Marquess_of_Milford_Haven" title="George Mountbatten, 4th Marquess of Milford Haven">George Mountbatten, 4th Marquess of Milford Haven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Ivar_Mountbatten" title="Lord Ivar Mountbatten">Lord Ivar Mountbatten</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">5th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Tatiana_Mountbatten" title="Lady Tatiana Mountbatten">Lady Tatiana Dru</a></li> <li>Henry Mountbatten, Earl of Medina</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>*Not Mountbatten or Battenberg by birth. Adopted the surname Mountbatten from his maternal line on abandoning his patrilineal Greek and Danish princely titles.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mountbatten-Windsor_family176" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mountbatten-Windsor" title="Template:Mountbatten-Windsor"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Mountbatten-Windsor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Mountbatten-Windsor (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mountbatten-Windsor" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mountbatten-Windsor"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mountbatten-Windsor_family176" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mountbatten-Windsor" title="Mountbatten-Windsor">Mountbatten-Windsor</a> family</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Generations are numbered by their descent from <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1st generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne,_Princess_Royal" title="Anne, Princess Royal">Anne, Princess Royal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Andrew,_Duke_of_York" title="Prince Andrew, Duke of York">Prince Andrew, Duke of York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh">Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Arms_of_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg/75px-Arms_of_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Arms_of_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg/113px-Arms_of_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Arms_of_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg/150px-Arms_of_Philip%2C_Duke_of_Edinburgh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="478" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2nd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William,_Prince_of_Wales" title="William, Prince of Wales">William, Prince of Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Harry,_Duke_of_Sussex" title="Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex">Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Beatrice" title="Princess Beatrice">Princess Beatrice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Eugenie" title="Princess Eugenie">Princess Eugenie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Louise_Windsor" title="Lady Louise Windsor">Lady Louise Mountbatten-Windsor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James,_Earl_of_Wessex" title="James, Earl of Wessex">James Mountbatten-Windsor, Earl of Wessex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3rd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prince_George_of_Wales" title="Prince George of Wales">Prince George of Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Charlotte_of_Wales_(born_2015)" title="Princess Charlotte of Wales (born 2015)">Princess Charlotte of Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Louis_of_Wales" title="Prince Louis of Wales">Prince Louis of Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Archie_of_Sussex" title="Prince Archie of Sussex">Prince Archie of Sussex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Lilibet_of_Sussex" title="Princess Lilibet of Sussex">Princess Lilibet of Sussex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dukes_of_Edinburgh40" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dukes_of_Edinburgh" title="Template:Dukes of Edinburgh"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dukes_of_Edinburgh" title="Template talk:Dukes of Edinburgh"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dukes_of_Edinburgh" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dukes of Edinburgh"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dukes_of_Edinburgh40" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Duke of Edinburgh">Dukes of Edinburgh</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales" title="Frederick, Prince of Wales">Frederick</a> (1726–1751)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_III" title="George III">George</a> (1751–1760)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Gloucester_and_Edinburgh" title="Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh">Dukes of Gloucester and Edinburgh</a> (1764–1834)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Alfred</a> (1866–1900)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Philip</a> (1947–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles</a> (2021–2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh">Edward</a> (2023–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Football_Association98" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Football_Association" title="Template:The Football Association"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Football_Association" title="Template talk:The Football Association"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Football_Association" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Football Association"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Football_Association98" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/The_Football_Association" title="The Football Association">The Football Association</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Founder members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barnes_Football_Club" title="Barnes Football Club">Barnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackheath_F.C." title="Blackheath F.C.">Blackheath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackheath_Proprietary_School" title="Blackheath Proprietary School">Blackheath Proprietary School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Service_F.C." title="Civil Service F.C.">Civil Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusaders_F.C._(England)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crusaders F.C. (England)">Crusaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Palace_F.C._(1861)" title="Crystal Palace F.C. (1861)">Crystal Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington_School" title="Kensington School">Kensington School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanderers_F.C." title="Wanderers F.C.">Leytonstone Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N.N._Club" title="N.N. Club">No Names Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perceval_House" title="Perceval House">Perceval House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surbiton_F.C." title="Surbiton F.C.">Surbiton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Pember" title="Arthur Pember">Arthur Pember</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebenezer_Cobb_Morley" title="Ebenezer Cobb Morley">Ebenezer Morley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Marindin" title="Francis Marindin">Francis Marindin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Kinnaird,_11th_Lord_Kinnaird" title="Arthur Kinnaird, 11th Lord Kinnaird">Arthur Kinnaird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Clegg_(footballer)" title="Charles Clegg (footballer)">Charles Clegg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pickford" title="William Pickford">William Pickford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Cambridge,_1st_Earl_of_Athlone" title="Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone">The Earl of Athlone</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">HRH The Duke of Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Henry,_Duke_of_Gloucester" title="Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester">HRH The Duke of Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Lascelles,_7th_Earl_of_Harewood" title="George Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood">The Earl of Harewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Kent" title="Prince Edward, Duke of Kent">HRH The Duke of Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Andrew,_Duke_of_York" title="Prince Andrew, Duke of York">HRH The Duke of York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William,_Prince_of_Wales" title="William, Prince of Wales">HRH The Prince of Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chairmen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Clegg_(footballer)" title="Charles Clegg (footballer)">Charles Clegg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=A._G._Hines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A. G. Hines (page does not exist)">A. G. Hines</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=M._Frowde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="M. Frowde (page does not exist)">M. Frowde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_Brook_Hirst" title="Amos Brook Hirst">Amos Brook Hirst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Drewry" title="Arthur Drewry">Arthur Drewry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Doggart" title="Graham Doggart">Graham Doggart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Mears" title="Joe Mears">Joe Mears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Stephen" title="Andrew Stephen">Andrew Stephen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Warris_Thompson" class="mw-redirect" title="Harold Warris Thompson">Harold Warris Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bert_Millichip" title="Bert Millichip">Bert Millichip</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keith_Wiseman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keith Wiseman (page does not exist)">Keith Wiseman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoff_Thompson_(football_executive)" title="Geoff Thompson (football executive)">Geoff Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Triesman,_Baron_Triesman" title="David Triesman, Baron Triesman">Lord Triesman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Bernstein_(executive)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Bernstein (executive)">David Bernstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Dyke" title="Greg Dyke">Greg Dyke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Clarke" title="Greg Clarke">Greg Clarke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debbie_Hewitt" title="Debbie Hewitt">Debbie Hewitt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Secretaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ebenezer_Cobb_Morley" title="Ebenezer Cobb Morley">Ebenezer Morley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Watson_Willis" title="Robert Watson Willis">Robert Willis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_George_Graham" title="Robert George Graham">Robert Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Alcock" title="Charles W. Alcock">Charles W. Alcock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Wall" title="Frederick Wall">Frederick Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Rous" title="Stanley Rous">Stanley Rous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Follows" title="Denis Follows">Denis Follows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Croker" title="Ted Croker">Ted Croker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chief Executives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Kelly_(football_administrator)" title="Graham Kelly (football administrator)">Graham Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Crozier" title="Adam Crozier">Adam Crozier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Palios" title="Mark Palios">Mark Palios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Davies_(football_administrator)" title="David Davies (football administrator)">David Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Barwick" title="Brian Barwick">Brian Barwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Watmore" title="Ian Watmore">Ian Watmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Glenn" title="Martin Glenn">Martin Glenn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Treasurers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Maule_Campbell" title="Francis Maule Campbell">Francis Campbell</a></li> <li>James Turner</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_George_Graham" title="Robert George Graham">Robert Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Stair" title="Alfred Stair">Alfred Stair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Alcock" title="Charles W. Alcock">Charles W. Alcock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Kinnaird,_11th_Lord_Kinnaird" title="Arthur Kinnaird, 11th Lord Kinnaird">Arthur Kinnaird</a></li> <li>C. E. Hart</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Burley_Woolfall" title="Daniel Burley Woolfall">Daniel Woolfall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Kingscott" title="Arthur Kingscott">Arthur Kingscott</a></li> <li>Harry Huband</li> <li>L. C. Tyte</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Follows" title="Denis Follows">Denis Follows</a></li> <li>Sidney Donaldson</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_Order_of_New_Zealand75" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Order_of_New_Zealand" title="Template:Order of New Zealand"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Order_of_New_Zealand" title="Template talk:Order of New Zealand"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Order_of_New_Zealand" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Order of New Zealand"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_Order_of_New_Zealand75" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_New_Zealand" title="Order of New Zealand">Members of the Order of New Zealand</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Ordinary members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kiri_Te_Kanawa" title="Kiri Te Kanawa">Kiri Te Kanawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bolger" title="Jim Bolger">Jim Bolger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Geering" title="Lloyd Geering">Lloyd Geering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Keith" title="Kenneth Keith">Kenneth Keith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_McKinnon" title="Don McKinnon">Don McKinnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Clark" title="Helen Clark">Helen Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Charles_(golfer)" title="Bob Charles (golfer)">Bob Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Wendt" title="Albert Wendt">Albert Wendt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Carter_(businessman)" title="Ron Carter (businessman)">Ron Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Gluckman" title="Peter Gluckman">Peter Gluckman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richie_McCaw" title="Richie McCaw">Richie McCaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joy_Cowley" title="Joy Cowley">Joy Cowley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mason_Durie_(psychiatrist)" title="Mason Durie (psychiatrist)">Mason Durie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Salmond" title="Anne Salmond">Anne Salmond</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Additional members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Duffy_(Australian_politician)" title="Michael Duffy (Australian politician)">Michael Duffy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._K._Stead" title="C. K. Stead">C. K. Stead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Bazley" title="Margaret Bazley">Margaret Bazley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malvina_Major" title="Malvina Major">Malvina Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvia_Cartwright" title="Silvia Cartwright">Silvia Cartwright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipene_O%27Regan" title="Tipene O'Regan">Tipene O'Regan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Camilla" title="Queen Camilla">Queen Camilla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Deceased</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Ordinary members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Nordmeyer" title="Arnold Nordmeyer">Arnold Nordmeyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._E._Beeby" title="C. E. Beeby">C. E. Beeby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Te_Atairangikaahu" title="Te Atairangikaahu">Te Atairangikaahu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Hillary" title="Edmund Hillary">Edmund Hillary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonja_Davies" title="Sonja Davies">Sonja Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Knox" title="Jim Knox">Jim Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Turnovsky" title="Frederick Turnovsky">Frederick Turnovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Matthews_(microbiologist)" title="Richard Matthews (microbiologist)">Richard Matthews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Lilburn" title="Douglas Lilburn">Douglas Lilburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_Blundell" title="June Blundell">June Blundell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuhuia_Bennett" title="Manuhuia Bennett">Manuhuia Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Lang_(public_servant)" title="Henry Lang (public servant)">Henry Lang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whina_Cooper" title="Whina Cooper">Whina Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Somerville" title="Jack Somerville">Jack Somerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whetu_Tirikatene-Sullivan" title="Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan">Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Mahy" title="Margaret Mahy">Margaret Mahy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miriam_Dell" title="Miriam Dell">Miriam Dell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaddeus_McCarthy_(judge)" title="Thaddeus McCarthy (judge)">Thaddeus McCarthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_McKenzie" title="Roy McKenzie">Roy McKenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miles_Warren" title="Miles Warren">Miles Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Fletcher_Jnr" title="James Fletcher Jnr">James Fletcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Lichter" title="Ivan Lichter">Ivan Lichter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliff_Whiting" title="Cliff Whiting">Cliff Whiting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Douglas" title="Ken Douglas">Ken Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Moore_(New_Zealand_politician)" title="Mike Moore (New Zealand politician)">Mike Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Williams_(cardinal)" title="Thomas Williams (cardinal)">Thomas Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_MacDiarmid" title="Alan MacDiarmid">Alan MacDiarmid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lange" title="David Lange">David Lange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Hunt_(New_Zealand_politician)" title="Jonathan Hunt (New Zealand politician)">Jonathan Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doreen_Blumhardt" title="Doreen Blumhardt">Doreen Blumhardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Halberg" title="Murray Halberg">Murray Halberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hotere" title="Ralph Hotere">Ralph Hotere</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Additional members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Powles" title="Guy Powles">Guy Powles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Curnow" title="Allen Curnow">Allen Curnow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_The_Queen_Mother" title="Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother">Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Frame" title="Janet Frame">Janet Frame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Lydiard" title="Arthur Lydiard">Arthur Lydiard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Ballin" title="Ann Ballin">Ann Ballin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Cooke,_Baron_Cooke_of_Thorndon" title="Robin Cooke, Baron Cooke of Thorndon">Robin Cooke, Baron Cooke of Thorndon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_K%C4%81wharu" title="Hugh Kāwharu">Hugh Kāwharu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Reeves" title="Paul Reeves">Paul Reeves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Woodhouse" title="Owen Woodhouse">Owen Woodhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Lochore" title="Brian Lochore">Brian Lochore</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prince Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Tizard" title="Catherine Tizard">Catherine Tizard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Honorary members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shridath_Ramphal" title="Shridath Ramphal">Shridath Ramphal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Pickering_(rocket_scientist)" title="Bill Pickering (rocket scientist)">Bill Pickering</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Fellows_of_the_Royal_Society_elected_in_1951161" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:FRS_1951" title="Template:FRS 1951"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:FRS_1951" title="Template talk:FRS 1951"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:FRS_1951" title="Special:EditPage/Template:FRS 1951"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fellows_of_the_Royal_Society_elected_in_1951161" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society" title="Fellow of the Royal Society">Fellows</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a> elected <a href="/wiki/List_of_Fellows_of_the_Royal_Society_elected_in_1951" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Fellows of the Royal Society elected in 1951">in 1951</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fellows</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carlyle_Smith_Beals" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlyle Smith Beals">Carlyle Smith Beals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boyd_(bacteriologist)" title="John Boyd (bacteriologist)">John Boyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Catcheside" title="David Catcheside">David Catcheside</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21165296" class="extiw" title="d:Q21165296">Arthur Herbert Cook</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18878452" class="extiw" title="d:Q18878452">Sydney John Folley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Fr%C3%B6hlich" title="Herbert Fröhlich">Herbert Fröhlich</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21166447" class="extiw" title="d:Q21166447">Geoffrey Gee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Heilbronn" title="Hans Heilbronn">Hans Heilbronn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Herzberg" title="Gerhard Herzberg">Gerhard Herzberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hutchinson" title="Joseph Hutchinson">Joseph Hutchinson</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18821830" class="extiw" title="d:Q18821830">Raymond Ing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lack" title="David Lack">David Lack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaddeus_Mann" title="Thaddeus Mann">Thaddeus Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Mendelssohn" title="Kurt Mendelssohn">Kurt Mendelssohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Neuberger" title="Albert Neuberger">Albert Neuberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Bessemer_Pfeil" title="Leonard Bessemer Pfeil">Leonard Bessemer Pfeil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Arthur_Prescott" title="James Arthur Prescott">James Arthur Prescott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Pryce" title="Maurice Pryce">Maurice Pryce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pugh_(geologist)" title="William Pugh (geologist)">William John Pugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._A._Ratcliffe" title="J. A. Ratcliffe">John Ashworth Ratcliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Alan_Stephenson" title="Thomas Alan Stephenson">Thomas Alan Stephenson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Homan_Thorpe" title="William Homan Thorpe">William Homan Thorpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrus_Johann_du_Toit" title="Petrus Johann du Toit">Petrus Johann du Toit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Turing" title="Alan Turing">Alan Turing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Ubbelohde" title="Alfred Ubbelohde">Alfred Ubbelohde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Statute 12</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_McLean_Evans" title="Herbert McLean Evans">Herbert McLean Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Lashley" title="Karl Lashley">Karl Lashley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_St%C3%B8rmer" title="Carl Størmer">Carl Størmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Walter_Graystone_Wyckoff" title="Ralph Walter Graystone Wyckoff">Ralph Walter Graystone Wyckoff</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/British_Empire_1897.jpg/21px-British_Empire_1897.jpg" decoding="async" width="21" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/British_Empire_1897.jpg/32px-British_Empire_1897.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/British_Empire_1897.jpg/42px-British_Empire_1897.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1116" data-file-height="849" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:British_Empire" title="Portal:British Empire">British Empire</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/21px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/32px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/42px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Denmark" title="Portal:Denmark">Denmark</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/21px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/32px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/42px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Greece" title="Portal:Greece">Greece</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster,_London_-_May_2007_icon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/11px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/17px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/22px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="427" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:London" title="Portal:London">London</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg/20px-Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg/31px-Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg/40px-Imperial_Crown_Heraldry.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="115" data-file-height="108" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Monarchy" title="Portal:Monarchy">Monarchy</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/19px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/29px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/38px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:United_Kingdom" title="Portal:United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80976#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata3717" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80976#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata3717" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80976#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000109301502">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/105148586">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/50161/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdcCRYx4kkR8cBHQhTmBP">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118742140">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80016941">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12016357w">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12016357w">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35420683">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0031485&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1312753">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/265833">Portugal</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069060797">Netherlands</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90075250">Norway</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000305240&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000216217">Chile</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810649596305606">Poland</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007266395305171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000106475">Finland</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981060734821306706">Catalonia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/13913403">Belgium</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA06704414?l=en">CiNii</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/3fbae1b3-4982-4287-8f34-de4b7c8b60df">MusicBrainz</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/a88e574e-589d-4566-b1b4-aefbb745be13">KulturNav</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/946531">Trove</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.parliament.uk/HEjcRq6S">UK Parliament</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/118742140.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118742140">DDB</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028299914">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10582686">NARA</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6ds3n65">SNAC</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6xp7480">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/37853">Te Papa (New Zealand)</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh&oldid=1275633798">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh&oldid=1275633798</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Category:Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh">Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1921_births" title="Category:1921 births">1921 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2021_deaths" title="Category:2021 deaths">2021 deaths</a></li><li><a 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</div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7dfdf5498-7mtjf","wgBackendResponseTime":166,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"3.102","walltime":"3.595","ppvisitednodes":{"value":32071,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":890902,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":152663,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":20,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":24,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":928523,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 3034.504 1 -total"," 34.00% 1031.807 2 Template:Reflist"," 18.03% 547.131 127 Template:Cite_news"," 11.83% 358.906 2 Template:Infobox"," 11.14% 338.067 1 Template:Infobox_royalty"," 8.47% 257.146 60 Template:Sfn"," 6.08% 184.603 1 Template:Excerpt"," 5.58% 169.412 16 Template:Navbox"," 5.04% 152.811 32 Template:Cite_web"," 4.58% 139.096 137 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[\"CITEREFDavies2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDavies2021\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFDolby2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDuggan2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDunn2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEade2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEade2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEdwards2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFurness2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFurness2017\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFFurness2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFurness2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGillIvanovKimptonPiercy1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGoldsmith2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGoodwin2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGreene2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHamilton1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarris2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarrison2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHeald1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHeald2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHopper2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJenkins2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKennedy2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKnight1984\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLacey2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLeach2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLee2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLloyd2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLongair2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLoudaMaclagan1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMackintosh2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMalvern2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMills2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMontgomery-Massingberd1977\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMurrayWalkerBatesBrooks2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNaysmith2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNikkhah2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOffice_of_the_Prime_Minister2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPetit2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRayner2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRoberts2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRobinson2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRocco1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRoux2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSakalis2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShields2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSiddique2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSingh2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmith2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmith2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSoames2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSommerlad2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSparkes2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSquires2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTominey2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTominey2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTorrance2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTravis1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTågholt1963\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVickers2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWard2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWard2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWard2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWatt1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZiegler2004\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"'s\"] = 1,\n [\"Ahnentafel\"] = 1,\n [\"As of\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Avoid wrap\"] = 1,\n [\"Battenberg family\"] = 1,\n [\"Birth date\"] = 1,\n [\"Blockquote\"] = 1,\n [\"Br entries\"] = 2,\n [\"Br separated entries\"] = 1,\n [\"British consort\"] = 1,\n [\"British princes\"] = 1,\n [\"C-SPAN\"] = 1,\n [\"Cbignore\"] = 13,\n [\"Chancellors of the University of Cambridge\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite Hansard\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite ODNB\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 18,\n [\"Cite conference\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite encyclopedia\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 6,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 127,\n [\"Cite press release\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 32,\n [\"Clear\"] = 1,\n [\"Clear left\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Philip Of Edinburgh, Duke, Prince\"] = 1,\n [\"Danish princes\"] = 1,\n [\"Death date and age\"] = 1,\n [\"Div col\"] = 2,\n [\"Dukes of Edinburgh\"] = 1,\n [\"End div col\"] = 2,\n [\"Excerpt\"] = 1,\n [\"FRS 1951\"] = 1,\n [\"Further\"] = 3,\n [\"GBurl\"] = 1,\n [\"Good article\"] = 1,\n [\"Greek princes\"] = 1,\n [\"HMS\"] = 12,\n [\"Hanging indent\"] = 2,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 6,\n [\"Harvtxt\"] = 1,\n [\"IMDb name\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 18,\n [\"Infobox COA wide\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox military person\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox person\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox royalty\"] = 1,\n [\"Langnf\"] = 1,\n [\"Langx\"] = 1,\n [\"London Gazette\"] = 9,\n [\"Marriage\"] = 1,\n [\"Mountbatten-Windsor\"] = 1,\n [\"Multiref\"] = 2,\n [\"NPG name\"] = 1,\n [\"Navboxes\"] = 1,\n [\"Noprint inline\"] = 1,\n [\"Order of New Zealand\"] = 1,\n [\"PM20\"] = 1,\n [\"Philip, Duke of Edinburgh\"] = 1,\n [\"Plainlist\"] = 5,\n [\"Portal bar\"] = 1,\n [\"Pp-move\"] = 1,\n [\"Pp-semi-indef\"] = 1,\n [\"Redirect\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 2,\n [\"Refn\"] = 5,\n [\"S-aca\"] = 1,\n [\"S-aft\"] = 7,\n [\"S-bef\"] = 6,\n [\"S-break\"] = 1,\n [\"S-end\"] = 1,\n [\"S-hon\"] = 1,\n [\"S-mil\"] = 1,\n [\"S-new\"] = 3,\n [\"S-reg\"] = 1,\n [\"S-roy\"] = 1,\n [\"S-start\"] = 1,\n [\"S-ttl\"] = 9,\n [\"S-vac\"] = 2,\n [\"See also\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 60,\n [\"Sfnm\"] = 14,\n [\"Ship\"] = 1,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Sister project links\"] = 1,\n [\"Sndash\"] = 5,\n [\"Strong\"] = 2,\n [\"The Football Association\"] = 1,\n [\"Tree list\"] = 1,\n [\"Tree list/end\"] = 1,\n [\"Use British English\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n \"Gazette%d+\",\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","300","14.3"],["?","300","14.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","160","7.6"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","140","6.7"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","100","4.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","100","4.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getAllExpandedArguments","80","3.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","80","3.8"],["type","80","3.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::sub","80","3.8"],["[others]","680","32.4"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-7dfdf5498-qkkw4","timestamp":"20250220113620","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Prince Philip, Duke of 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