Lists | PopMatters

<!doctype html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <title>Lists | PopMatters</title><link rel="preload" data-rocket-preload as="font" href="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/font-awesome-v5/webfonts/fa-brands-400.woff2" crossorigin><link rel="preload" data-rocket-preload as="font" href="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/font-awesome-v5/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff2" crossorigin><link rel="preload" data-rocket-preload as="font" href="https://www.popmatters.com/fonts.gstatic.com/s/oswald/v53/TK3iWkUHHAIjg752GT8G.woff2" crossorigin><link rel="preload" data-rocket-preload as="font" href="https://www.popmatters.com/fonts.gstatic.com/s/sourcesanspro/v22/6xK1dSBYKcSV-LCoeQqfX1RYOo3qPZ7nsDI.woff2" crossorigin><link rel="preload" data-rocket-preload as="font" href="https://www.popmatters.com/fonts.gstatic.com/s/sourcesanspro/v22/6xK3dSBYKcSV-LCoeQqfX1RYOo3qOK7l.woff2" crossorigin><link rel="preload" data-rocket-preload as="font" href="https://www.popmatters.com/fonts.gstatic.com/s/sourcesanspro/v22/6xKydSBYKcSV-LCoeQqfX1RYOo3ig4vwlxdu.woff2" crossorigin><link rel="preload" data-rocket-preload as="font" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.1.1/webfonts/fa-brands-400.woff2" crossorigin><link rel="preload" data-rocket-preload as="font" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.1.1/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff2" crossorigin><style id="wpr-usedcss">img:is([sizes=auto i],[sizes^="auto," i]){contain-intrinsic-size:3000px 1500px}img.emoji{display:inline!important;border:none!important;box-shadow:none!important;height:1em!important;width:1em!important;margin:0 .07em!important;vertical-align:-.1em!important;background:0 0!important;padding:0!important}:where(.wp-block-button__link){border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration:none}:root :where(.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline),:root :where(.wp-block-button.is-style-outline>.wp-block-button__link){border:2px solid;padding:.667em 1.333em}:root :where(.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline:not(.has-text-color)),:root :where(.wp-block-button.is-style-outline>.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-text-color)){color:currentColor}:root :where(.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline:not(.has-background)),:root :where(.wp-block-button.is-style-outline>.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background)){background-color:initial;background-image:none}:where(.wp-block-calendar table:not(.has-background) th){background:#ddd}:where(.wp-block-columns){margin-bottom:1.75em}:where(.wp-block-columns.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}:where(.wp-block-post-comments input[type=submit]){border:none}:where(.wp-block-cover-image:not(.has-text-color)),:where(.wp-block-cover:not(.has-text-color)){color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-cover-image.is-light:not(.has-text-color)),:where(.wp-block-cover.is-light:not(.has-text-color)){color:#000}:root :where(.wp-block-cover h1:not(.has-text-color)),:root :where(.wp-block-cover h2:not(.has-text-color)),:root :where(.wp-block-cover h3:not(.has-text-color)),:root :where(.wp-block-cover h4:not(.has-text-color)),:root :where(.wp-block-cover h5:not(.has-text-color)),:root :where(.wp-block-cover h6:not(.has-text-color)),:root :where(.wp-block-cover p:not(.has-text-color)){color:inherit}:where(.wp-block-file){margin-bottom:1.5em}:where(.wp-block-file__button){border-radius:2em;display:inline-block;padding:.5em 1em}:where(.wp-block-file__button):is(a):active,:where(.wp-block-file__button):is(a):focus,:where(.wp-block-file__button):is(a):hover,:where(.wp-block-file__button):is(a):visited{box-shadow:none;color:#fff;opacity:.85;text-decoration:none}:where(.wp-block-group.wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained){position:relative}:root :where(.wp-block-image.is-style-rounded img,.wp-block-image .is-style-rounded img){border-radius:9999px}:where(.wp-block-latest-comments:not([style*=line-height] .wp-block-latest-comments__comment)){line-height:1.1}:where(.wp-block-latest-comments:not([style*=line-height] .wp-block-latest-comments__comment-excerpt p)){line-height:1.8}:root :where(.wp-block-latest-posts.is-grid){padding:0}:root :where(.wp-block-latest-posts.wp-block-latest-posts__list){padding-left:0}ul{box-sizing:border-box}:root :where(.wp-block-list.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}:where(.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation-item a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation-submenu a:not(.wp-element-button)){padding:.5em 1em}:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-item a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-submenu a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-submenu button.wp-block-navigation-item__content),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-pages-list__item button.wp-block-navigation-item__content){padding:.5em 1em}:root :where(p.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}:where(p.has-text-color:not(.has-link-color)) a{color:inherit}:where(.wp-block-post-comments-form) input:not([type=submit]),:where(.wp-block-post-comments-form) textarea{border:1px solid #949494;font-family:inherit;font-size:1em}:where(.wp-block-post-comments-form) input:where(:not([type=submit]):not([type=checkbox])),:where(.wp-block-post-comments-form) textarea{padding:calc(.667em + 2px)}:where(.wp-block-post-excerpt){box-sizing:border-box;margin-bottom:var(--wp--style--block-gap);margin-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap)}:where(.wp-block-preformatted.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}:where(.wp-block-search__button){border:1px solid #ccc;padding:6px 10px}:where(.wp-block-search__input){font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;line-height:inherit;text-transform:inherit}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper){border:1px solid #949494;box-sizing:border-box;padding:4px}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) .wp-block-search__input{border:none;border-radius:0;padding:0 4px}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) .wp-block-search__input:focus{outline:0}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) :where(.wp-block-search__button){padding:4px 8px}:root :where(.wp-block-separator.is-style-dots){height:auto;line-height:1;text-align:center}:root :where(.wp-block-separator.is-style-dots):before{color:currentColor;content:"路路路";font-family:serif;font-size:1.5em;letter-spacing:2em;padding-left:2em}:root :where(.wp-block-site-logo.is-style-rounded){border-radius:9999px}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link{background-color:#f0f0f0;color:#444}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-amazon{background-color:#f90;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-bandcamp{background-color:#1ea0c3;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-behance{background-color:#0757fe;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-bluesky{background-color:#0a7aff;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-codepen{background-color:#1e1f26;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-deviantart{background-color:#02e49b;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-dribbble{background-color:#e94c89;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-dropbox{background-color:#4280ff;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-etsy{background-color:#f45800;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-facebook{background-color:#0866ff;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-fivehundredpx{background-color:#000;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-flickr{background-color:#0461dd;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-foursquare{background-color:#e65678;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-github{background-color:#24292d;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-goodreads{background-color:#eceadd;color:#382110}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-google{background-color:#ea4434;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-gravatar{background-color:#1d4fc4;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-instagram{background-color:#f00075;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-lastfm{background-color:#e21b24;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-linkedin{background-color:#0d66c2;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-mastodon{background-color:#3288d4;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-medium{background-color:#000;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-meetup{background-color:#f6405f;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-patreon{background-color:#000;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-pinterest{background-color:#e60122;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-pocket{background-color:#ef4155;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-reddit{background-color:#ff4500;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-skype{background-color:#0478d7;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-snapchat{background-color:#fefc00;color:#fff;stroke:#000}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-soundcloud{background-color:#ff5600;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-spotify{background-color:#1bd760;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-telegram{background-color:#2aabee;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-threads{background-color:#000;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-tiktok{background-color:#000;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-tumblr{background-color:#011835;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-twitch{background-color:#6440a4;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-twitter{background-color:#1da1f2;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-vimeo{background-color:#1eb7ea;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-vk{background-color:#4680c2;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-wordpress{background-color:#3499cd;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-whatsapp{background-color:#25d366;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-x{background-color:#000;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-yelp{background-color:#d32422;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-youtube{background-color:red;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link{background:0 0}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link svg{height:1.25em;width:1.25em}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-amazon{color:#f90}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-bandcamp{color:#1ea0c3}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-behance{color:#0757fe}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-bluesky{color:#0a7aff}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-codepen{color:#1e1f26}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-deviantart{color:#02e49b}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-dribbble{color:#e94c89}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-dropbox{color:#4280ff}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-etsy{color:#f45800}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-facebook{color:#0866ff}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-fivehundredpx{color:#000}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-flickr{color:#0461dd}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-foursquare{color:#e65678}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-github{color:#24292d}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-goodreads{color:#382110}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-google{color:#ea4434}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-gravatar{color:#1d4fc4}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-instagram{color:#f00075}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-lastfm{color:#e21b24}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-linkedin{color:#0d66c2}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-mastodon{color:#3288d4}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-medium{color:#000}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-meetup{color:#f6405f}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-patreon{color:#000}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-pinterest{color:#e60122}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-pocket{color:#ef4155}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-reddit{color:#ff4500}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-skype{color:#0478d7}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-snapchat{color:#fff;stroke:#000}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-soundcloud{color:#ff5600}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-spotify{color:#1bd760}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-telegram{color:#2aabee}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-threads{color:#000}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-tiktok{color:#000}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-tumblr{color:#011835}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-twitch{color:#6440a4}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-twitter{color:#1da1f2}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-vimeo{color:#1eb7ea}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-vk{color:#4680c2}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-whatsapp{color:#25d366}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-wordpress{color:#3499cd}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-x{color:#000}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-yelp{color:#d32422}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-youtube{color:red}:root :where(.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link a){padding:.25em}:root :where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link a){padding:0}:root :where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-pill-shape .wp-social-link a){padding-left:.66667em;padding-right:.66667em}:root :where(.wp-block-tag-cloud.is-style-outline){display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1ch}:root :where(.wp-block-tag-cloud.is-style-outline a){border:1px solid;font-size:unset!important;margin-right:0;padding:1ch 2ch;text-decoration:none!important}:root :where(.wp-block-table-of-contents){box-sizing:border-box}:where(.wp-block-term-description){box-sizing:border-box;margin-bottom:var(--wp--style--block-gap);margin-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap)}:where(pre.wp-block-verse){font-family:inherit}:root{--wp--preset--font-size--normal:16px;--wp--preset--font-size--huge:42px}.screen-reader-text{border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;word-wrap:normal!important}.screen-reader-text:focus{background-color:#ddd;clip:auto!important;clip-path:none;color:#444;display:block;font-size:1em;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000}html :where(.has-border-color){border-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-top-color]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-right-color]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-bottom-color]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-left-color]){border-left-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-width]){border-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-top-width]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-right-width]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-bottom-width]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-left-width]){border-left-style:solid}html :where(img[class*=wp-image-]){height:auto;max-width:100%}:where(figure){margin:0 0 1em}html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:var(--wp-admin--admin-bar--height,0px)}@media screen and (max-width:600px){html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:0px}}:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square:1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3:4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4:3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2:3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3:2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9:16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16:9/16;--wp--preset--color--black:#000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray:#abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white:#ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink:#f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red:#cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange:#ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber:#fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan:#7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan:#00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue:#8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue:#0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple:#9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6, 147, 227, 1) 0%,rgb(155, 81, 224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122, 220, 180) 0%,rgb(0, 208, 130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252, 185, 0, 1) 0%,rgba(255, 105, 0, 1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255, 105, 0, 1) 0%,rgb(207, 46, 46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238, 238, 238) 0%,rgb(169, 184, 195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74, 234, 220) 0%,rgb(151, 120, 209) 20%,rgb(207, 42, 186) 40%,rgb(238, 44, 130) 60%,rgb(251, 105, 98) 80%,rgb(254, 248, 76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255, 206, 236) 0%,rgb(152, 150, 240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254, 205, 165) 0%,rgb(254, 45, 45) 50%,rgb(107, 0, 62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255, 203, 112) 0%,rgb(199, 81, 192) 50%,rgb(65, 88, 208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255, 245, 203) 0%,rgb(182, 227, 212) 50%,rgb(51, 167, 181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202, 248, 128) 0%,rgb(113, 206, 126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2, 3, 129) 0%,rgb(40, 116, 252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small:13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium:20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large:36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large:42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20:0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30:0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40:1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50:1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60:2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70:3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80:5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural:6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep:12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, .4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp:6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined:6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1),6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp:6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap:.5em}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap:.5em}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap:1.25em}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap:1.25em}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap:2em}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap:2em}:root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size:1.5em;line-height:1.6}.sheknows-infuse-ad{margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px;text-align:center}html{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;text-rendering:auto;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}a:focus{outline:dotted thin}h1{font-size:2em;margin:.67em 0}input{color:inherit;font:inherit;margin:0}input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}body,input{color:#757575;font-family:'Source Sans Pro',sans-serif;font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5}h1,h2,h3{clear:both;color:#000;font-weight:400}.figure-categories .cat-links,.font-family-1,.grid-item-metadata .item-metadata,.main-navigation a,.nav-links a,.site-description,.widget-title,h1,h2,h3{font-family:Oswald,sans-serif}p{margin-bottom:15px}em,i{font-style:italic}html{box-sizing:border-box}*,:after,:before{box-sizing:inherit}body{background:#fff}ul{margin:0 0 1.5em 3em}ul{list-style:disc}li>ul{margin-bottom:0;margin-left:1.5em}img{height:auto;max-width:100%}figure{margin:0 auto}input[type=submit]{border:1px solid;border-color:#ccc #ccc #bbb;border-radius:3px;font-size:16px;line-height:1;outline:0;padding:.6em 1em .4em}input[type=submit]:hover{border-color:#ccc #bbb #aaa}input[type=submit]:active,input[type=submit]:focus{border-color:#aaa #bbb #bbb}input[type=number],input[type=search],input[type=time],input[type=url]{color:#666;border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius:3px;padding:3px;outline:0}input{height:45px;line-height:45px}input[type=number]:focus,input[type=search]:focus,input[type=time]:focus,input[type=url]:focus{color:#111}.table-block{display:table;width:100%;height:100%}.table-block-child{display:table-cell}.v-center{vertical-align:middle}a{color:#404040;text-decoration:none}a:visited{color:#404040}a:active,a:focus,a:hover{color:#f44336;outline:0;text-decoration:none}a:focus{outline:0}a:active,a:hover{outline:0;text-decoration:none}.main-navigation{border-top:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;margin-bottom:25px;text-align:center}.navigation-container{border-left:1px solid;border-right:1px solid;position:relative}.icon-search{border-left:1px solid;text-align:center;right:0}.icon-search{cursor:pointer;position:absolute;line-height:55px;height:55px;width:80px;-webkit-transition:.3s;-moz-transition:.3s;-ms-transition:.3s;-o-transition:.3s;transition:all .3s ease}.icon-search:focus{outline:dotted thin}#af-search-wrap{-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;backface-visibility:hidden;background:rgba(255,255,255,.94);opacity:0;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,-100%,0);-moz-transform:translate3d(0,-100%,0);-ms-transform:translate3d(0,-100%,0);-o-transform:translate3d(0,-100%,0);transform:translate3d(0,-100%,0);width:100%;height:100%;z-index:999999;-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform .25s;-moz-transition:-moz-transform .25s;-ms-transition:-ms-transform .25s;-o-transition:-o-transform .25s;transition:transform .25s ease}.af-search-close span{display:block;position:absolute;left:0;width:60px;top:27px;background:#444;-webkit-transform:rotate(0);-moz-transform:rotate(0);-ms-transform:rotate(0);-o-transform:rotate(0);transform:rotate(0);-webkit-transition:.25s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:.25s ease-in-out;-ms-transition:.25s ease-in-out;-o-transition:.25s ease-in-out;transition:.25s ease-in-out;height:3px}.af-search-close{cursor:pointer;position:absolute;height:60px;top:60px;right:80px;width:60px}.af-search-close span:first-child{-webkit-transform:rotate(45deg);-moz-transform:rotate(45deg);-ms-transform:rotate(45deg);-o-transform:rotate(45deg);transform:rotate(45deg)}.af-search-close span:nth-child(2){-webkit-transform:rotate(-45deg);-moz-transform:rotate(-45deg);-ms-transform:rotate(-45deg);-o-transform:rotate(-45deg);transform:rotate(-45deg)}.main-navigation .toggle-menu{height:55px;cursor:pointer;display:none}.ham{width:23px;height:2px;top:27px;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;background-color:#282828;position:relative;-webkit-transition:.25s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:.25s ease-in-out;-ms-transition:.25s ease-in-out;-o-transition:.25s ease-in-out;transition:all .25s ease-in-out}.ham:after,.ham:before{position:absolute;content:'';width:100%;height:2px;left:0;background-color:#282828;-webkit-transition:.25s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:.25s ease-in-out;-ms-transition:.25s ease-in-out;-o-transition:.25s ease-in-out;transition:all .25s ease-in-out}.ham:before{top:-8px}.ham:after{top:8px}.main-navigation .menu>ul{display:inline-block;margin:0 80px;padding:0;list-style:none;vertical-align:top}.main-navigation .menu ul li{position:relative;display:block;float:left}.main-navigation .menu ul li a{text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;font-weight:400;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:16px;line-height:24px;letter-spacing:1px}.main-navigation .menu ul li i{padding:0 10px;display:inline-block;line-height:1px}@media only screen and (min-width:1600px){.main-navigation .menu ul li a{font-size:18px}}@media only screen and (min-width:992px){.main-navigation .menu ul ul li{width:260px}.main-navigation .menu ul ul a{border-top:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);display:block;padding:12px 30px;line-height:inherit;position:relative}.main-navigation .menu>ul>li>a:after{content:"";position:absolute;width:100%;height:3px;top:0;left:0;right:0}.main-navigation .menu ul ul a:before{margin-right:10px;position:absolute;left:15px;top:16px;display:inline-block;content:"\f105";font-weight:600}.main-navigation .menu ul ul{background:#fff;position:absolute;text-align:left;visibility:hidden;opacity:0;margin:0 auto;padding:0;-webkit-transition:opacity .2s,top .4s,visibility 0s linear .4s;-moz-transition:opacity .2s,top .4s,visibility 0s linear .4s;-ms-transition:opacity .2s,top .4s,visibility 0s linear .4s;-o-transition:opacity .2s,top .4s,visibility 0s linear .4s;transition:opacity .2s,top .4s,visibility 0s linear .4s;-webkit-box-shadow:-1px 2px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.15);-moz-box-shadow:-1px 2px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.15);-ms-box-shadow:-1px 2px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.15);-o-box-shadow:-1px 2px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.15);box-shadow:-1px 2px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.15)}.main-navigation .menu li:focus>ul,.main-navigation .menu li:hover>ul{visibility:visible;opacity:1;z-index:999;top:100%;-webkit-transition:opacity .4s,top .4s;-moz-transition:opacity .4s,top .4s;-ms-transition:opacity .4s,top .4s;-o-transition:opacity .4s,top .4s;transition:opacity .4s,top .4s}.main-navigation .menu li:focus-within>ul{visibility:visible;opacity:1;z-index:999;top:100%;-webkit-transition:opacity .4s,top .4s;-moz-transition:opacity .4s,top .4s;-ms-transition:opacity .4s,top .4s;-o-transition:opacity .4s,top .4s;transition:opacity .4s,top .4s}.main-navigation .menu>ul>li>ul{top:120%;left:0}.main-navigation .menu>ul>li:last-child>ul{left:auto;right:0}.main-navigation .menu ul ul ul{top:-20px;left:100%}.main-navigation .menu ul ul li:hover ul{top:0}.main-navigation .menu ul ul li:focus-within ul{top:0}.align-content-left #primary{padding-right:30px}.align-content-left #secondary{padding-left:30px}}.site-main .posts-navigation{border:1px solid;overflow:hidden;margin:1.5em 0;padding:10px;position:relative}.posts-navigation .nav-previous{float:left;width:50%;position:relative}.nav-previous{display:table;padding:5px}.nav-previous:before{content:"";display:table-cell;line-height:1;vertical-align:middle;font:44px/1 'Font Awesome 5 Free';font-weight:900;text-rendering:auto;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}.nav-previous:before{content:"\f0a8"}.nav-previous a{display:table-cell;font-size:18px;letter-spacing:.04rem;padding:0 15px;text-transform:uppercase;vertical-align:middle}.site-main .posts-navigation:after{content:'';width:1px;height:100%;position:absolute;top:0;left:50%;background:#e8e8e8}.screen-reader-text{border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute!important;width:1px;word-wrap:normal!important}.screen-reader-text:focus{background-color:#f1f1f1;border-radius:3px;box-shadow:0 0 2px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.6);clip:auto!important;clip-path:none;color:#21759b;display:block;font-size:14px;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:700;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000}.elegant-widget:after,.elegant-widget:before,.hentry:after,.hentry:before,.main-navigation:after,.main-navigation:before,.site-branding:after,.site-branding:before,.site-content:after,.site-content:before,.site-footer:after,.site-footer:before,.site-header:after,.site-header:before{content:"";display:table;table-layout:fixed}.elegant-widget:after,.hentry:after,.main-navigation:after,.site-branding:after,.site-content:after,.site-footer:after,.site-header:after{clear:both}.widget{margin:0 0 1.5em}.widget-title{font-size:24px;font-weight:500;margin:0 auto 15px;padding:15px 0;position:relative;text-transform:uppercase}#primary .widget-title{font-size:24px;line-height:1.10909}#secondary .widget-title,.site-footer .widget-title,.widget-title-1{border-bottom:3px solid #000;padding-bottom:15px;padding-top:0}.site-footer .widget-title{border-color:#fff;color:#fff}.site-content .site-main .widget-title span{background:#fff;padding-right:20px;position:relative;z-index:1}.archive .site-content .header-title-wrapper .page-title,.site-content .site-main .widget-title span{font-size:36px;line-height:1.4;text-transform:uppercase}.site-content .site-main .widget-title:after{content:"";display:block;height:3px;position:absolute;top:50%;margin-top:1px;width:100%;left:0;background:#000}.widget ul{list-style:none;padding-left:0;margin-left:0}.widget ul li{padding-bottom:10px}.widget ul li{margin-bottom:10px}.site-footer .widget ul li{border-bottom:0;padding-bottom:5px}.widget_nav_menu li a{border-bottom:1px solid #35373c;display:table;padding-bottom:10px;font-size:17px;position:relative;width:100%}.site-content .widget_nav_menu li a{color:#757575;border-color:#e5e5e5}.site-content .search-form,.site-footer .search-form{padding-top:20px}.site-content .search-form label,.site-footer .search-form label{display:block;width:70%;float:left}.site-content .search-form label .search-field,.site-footer .search-form label .search-field{padding-left:15px;width:100%}.site-content .search-form .search-submit,.site-footer .search-form .search-submit{width:30%;font-size:16px;text-transform:uppercase}.search-form label .search-field{height:45px;-webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0}.search-form .search-submit{border:0;color:#fff;height:45px;padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;-webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0}.af-search-box .search-form{max-width:720px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.af-search-box .search-form label{width:85%;width:calc(100% - 200px)}.af-search-box .search-form .search-submit{float:right;font-size:24px;width:200px;height:60px;line-height:60px;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0}.af-search-box .search-form label .search-field{border-width:1px 0 1px 1px;height:60px;line-height:60px;padding:0 15px;width:100%}@-ms-keyframes loader{from{-ms-transform:scale(0);opacity:1}to{-ms-transform:scale(1);opacity:.5}}.article-item-image{background:#222}.article-item-image img{opacity:.9;width:100%}.article-item-image:focus img,.article-item-image:hover img{opacity:1}.masthead-banner{padding:50px 0}.masthead-banner .site-branding{text-align:center}.site-branding .site-title{font-size:48px;line-height:1.4;margin:0 auto;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:300;letter-spacing:.28em;display:inline-block}.site-header .site-branding .site-title a{display:block;padding-left:30px;padding-right:30px;font-weight:500}.site-branding .site-description{margin:10px auto 0;letter-spacing:.22rem;text-transform:uppercase}.site-content{background:#fff;margin:40px auto}@media (min-width:768px){.site-content{width:750px}.site-header .site-branding .site-title a{padding-left:5px;padding-right:5px}}@media (min-width:992px){.site-content{width:970px}.site-header .site-branding .site-title a{padding-left:5px;padding-right:5px}}@media (min-width:1200px){.site-content{width:1170px}}@media (min-width:1600px){#primary .widget-title{font-size:42px}.container,.site-content{width:1570px}}#primary,#secondary{float:left;padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}#primary{width:70%}#secondary{width:30%}@media only screen and (max-width:991px){#primary,#secondary{width:100%}}.row-sm{margin-left:-5px;margin-right:-5px}.col{float:left;padding-left:5px;padding-right:5px;width:100%}#primary .col-five{width:50%}#primary .col-ten{width:100%}#secondary .base-border .col,.site-footer .base-border .col{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px}#secondary .col.col-image,.site-footer .col.col-image{width:30%}#secondary .col.col-details,.site-footer .col.col-details{width:70%}.base-border{position:relative}.base-border:before{content:"";position:absolute;background:#e8e8e8;left:5px;right:0;width:98%;width:calc(100% - 10px);height:1px}.primary-footer .base-border:before{background:#35373c;left:0}#primary .align-items-center{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-align:center!important;align-items:center!important}.banner-promotions-wrapper{margin-bottom:25px;text-align:center}.post-description{font-size:15px;margin:5px auto}.figure-categories .cat-links a{display:inline-block;line-height:1}.figure-categories .cat-links a{padding-right:5px;padding-left:5px}.figure-categories:not(.figure-categories-bg) .cat-links a:first-child{padding-left:0}.grid-item-metadata{display:inline-block;font-size:12px;text-transform:uppercase}.grid-item-metadata i{border:1px solid;border-radius:50%;padding:5px;margin-right:5px}.hentry{margin:0 0 1.5em}.page-links{clear:both;margin:0 0 1.5em}.article-title{margin:0 auto;line-height:1.4;font-size:16px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.5px}#primary .article-title-2{font-size:18px}#scroll-up{position:fixed;z-index:8000;bottom:40px;right:20px;display:none;width:50px;height:50px;font-size:28px;line-height:50px;text-align:center;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;opacity:1!important}#scroll-up:focus,#scroll-up:hover{background-color:#373737;border-color:#373737}#scroll-up i{display:inline-block}#scroll-up:focus i,#scroll-up:hover i{color:#fff}iframe,object{max-width:100%}.custom-logo-link{display:inline-block}.social-navigation ul li a:after{display:inline-block;font:14px/1 'Font Awesome 5 Brands';font-size:inherit;text-rendering:auto;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}.main-navigation ul ul a:before{display:inline-block;font:14px/1 'Font Awesome 5 Free';font-size:inherit;text-rendering:auto;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;font-weight:400}.social-navigation ul{list-style:none;margin:0 auto;padding:0;text-align:center}.social-navigation ul li{display:inline-block}.social-navigation ul li a{display:block;width:45px;height:45px;font-size:18px;line-height:40px;position:relative;text-align:center;border-radius:100%}.social-navigation ul li a{width:35px;font-size:16px;text-align:right}.social-navigation ul li a:after{vertical-align:middle}.social-navigation ul a[href*="facebook.com"]:after{content:"\f39e"}.social-navigation ul a[href*="twitter.com"]:after{content:"\f099"}.social-navigation ul a[href*="instagram.com"]:after{content:"\f16d"}.site-footer{background:#1f2125;padding-top:60px}.site-footer,.site-footer a{color:#fff}.site-info{background:#121314;padding:20px 0;text-align:center}.archive.align-content-left #primary,.icon-search,.main-navigation,.navigation-container,.single.align-content-left #primary,.site-main .posts-navigation,.widget_nav_menu li{border-color:#e8e8e8}.main-navigation{background:#fff}.figure-categories .cat-links a{color:#ff3c36}.secondary-color,.site-content .search-form .search-submit,.site-footer .search-form .search-submit,input[type=submit]{background:#ff3c36;color:#fff}.figure-categories .cat-links{font-size:12px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:.05rem;text-transform:uppercase}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){#primary .col-five{width:100%}#scroll-up{right:20px;bottom:20px}.social-navigation ul li a{width:34px;height:34px;font-size:14px;line-height:34px;text-align:center}.posts-navigation .nav-previous{width:100%}.site-main .posts-navigation:after{display:none;visibility:hidden;opacity:0}.af-search-box .search-form{width:90%}.af-search-close{top:30px;right:30px}.site-header .site-branding .site-title a{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.nav-previous a{font-size:16px}}@media only screen and (max-width:480px){.site-content .site-main .widget-title span{font-size:24px}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px){.site-branding .site-title{font-size:38px}.site-branding .site-description{font-size:14px}.af-search-close{top:15px;right:15px}.af-search-box .search-form label{width:100%;padding:0 15px}.af-search-box .search-form label .search-field{border-width:1px}.af-search-box .search-form .search-submit{width:65%;float:none}.posts-navigation .nav-previous{width:100%}}.archive .site-content .header-title-wrapper{border:0;margin:0 auto}.archive .site-content .header-title-wrapper .page-title{margin-top:0}.archive .site-content .align-items-center .entry-title{margin-top:0}.archive .site .site-content #primary .align-items-center{display:block!important}.archive .site .site-content #primary .align-items-center .figure-categories{margin-top:10px}body .mfp-bg{z-index:999999}body .mfp-wrap{z-index:9999999}.archive .site-content .align-items-center .entry-title{text-transform:uppercase}.article-title,.main-navigation .menu ul li a,.site-branding .site-title{letter-spacing:0;line-height:1.3}.fa{-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;display:inline-block;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-rendering:auto;line-height:1}@font-face{font-display:swap;font-family:'Font Awesome 5 Brands';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url(https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/font-awesome-v5/webfonts/fa-brands-400.eot);src:url(https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/font-awesome-v5/webfonts/fa-brands-400.eot?#iefix) format("embedded-opentype"),url(https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/font-awesome-v5/webfonts/fa-brands-400.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/font-awesome-v5/webfonts/fa-brands-400.woff) format("woff"),url(https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/font-awesome-v5/webfonts/fa-brands-400.ttf) format("truetype"),url(https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/font-awesome-v5/webfonts/fa-brands-400.svg#fontawesome) format("svg")}@font-face{font-display:swap;font-family:'Font Awesome 5 Free';font-style:normal;font-weight:900;src:url(https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/font-awesome-v5/webfonts/fa-solid-900.eot);src:url(https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/font-awesome-v5/webfonts/fa-solid-900.eot?#iefix) format("embedded-opentype"),url(https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/font-awesome-v5/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/font-awesome-v5/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff) format("woff"),url(https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/font-awesome-v5/webfonts/fa-solid-900.ttf) format("truetype"),url(https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/font-awesome-v5/webfonts/fa-solid-900.svg#fontawesome) format("svg")}.fa{font-family:'Font Awesome 5 Free'}.fa{font-weight:900}html{font-family:sans-serif;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%}body{margin:0}article,aside,figure,footer,header,main,nav,section{display:block}canvas{display:inline-block;vertical-align:baseline}[hidden]{display:none}a{background-color:transparent}a:active,a:hover{outline:0}h1{margin:.67em 0;font-size:2em}small{font-size:80%}img{border:0}svg:not(:root){overflow:hidden}figure{margin:1em 40px}input{margin:0;font:inherit;color:inherit}input[type=submit]{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer}html input[disabled]{cursor:default}input::-moz-focus-inner{padding:0;border:0}input{line-height:normal}input[type=number]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,input[type=number]::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}input[type=search]{-webkit-box-sizing:content-box;-moz-box-sizing:content-box;box-sizing:content-box;-webkit-appearance:textfield}input[type=search]::-webkit-search-cancel-button,input[type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}@media print{*,:after,:before{color:#000!important;text-shadow:none!important;background:0 0!important;-webkit-box-shadow:none!important;box-shadow:none!important}a,a:visited{text-decoration:underline}a[href]:after{content:" (" attr(href) ")"}a[href^="#"]:after{content:""}img{page-break-inside:avoid}img{max-width:100%!important}h2,h3,p{orphans:3;widows:3}h2,h3{page-break-after:avoid}}*{-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}:after,:before{-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}html{font-size:10px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}body{font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:1.42857143;color:#333;background-color:#fff}input{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}a{color:#337ab7;text-decoration:none}a:focus,a:hover{color:#23527c;text-decoration:underline}a:focus{outline:dotted thin;outline:-webkit-focus-ring-color auto 5px;outline-offset:-2px}figure{margin:0}img{vertical-align:middle}h1,h2,h3{font-family:inherit;font-weight:500;line-height:1.1;color:inherit}h1 .small,h1 small,h2 .small,h2 small,h3 .small,h3 small{font-weight:400;line-height:1;color:#777}h1,h2,h3{margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:10px}h1 .small,h1 small,h2 .small,h2 small,h3 .small,h3 small{font-size:65%}h1{font-size:36px}h2{font-size:30px}h3{font-size:24px}p{margin:0 0 10px}.small,small{font-size:85%}.text-center{text-align:center}.header-title-wrapper{padding-bottom:9px;margin:40px 0 20px;border-bottom:1px solid #eee}ul{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:10px}ul ul{margin-bottom:0}.container{padding-right:15px;padding-left:15px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto}@media (min-width:768px){.container{width:750px}}@media (min-width:992px){.container{width:970px}}@media (min-width:1200px){.container{width:1170px}}.row{margin-right:-15px;margin-left:-15px}.col-md-12,.col-md-3,.col-sm-12{position:relative;min-height:1px;padding-right:15px;padding-left:15px}@media (min-width:768px){.col-sm-12{float:left}.col-sm-12{width:100%}}@media (min-width:992px){.col-md-12,.col-md-3{float:left}.col-md-12{width:100%}.col-md-3{width:25%}}label{display:inline-block;max-width:100%;margin-bottom:5px;font-weight:700}input[type=search]{-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}input[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:none}.container:after,.container:before,.row:after,.row:before{display:table;content:" "}.container:after,.row:after{clear:both}.hidden{display:none!important}@-ms-viewport{width:device-width}.mfp-bg{top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:1042;overflow:hidden;position:fixed;background:#0b0b0b;opacity:.8}.mfp-wrap{top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:1043;position:fixed;outline:0!important;-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden}.mfp-container{text-align:center;position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;left:0;top:0;padding:0 8px;box-sizing:border-box}.mfp-container:before{content:'';display:inline-block;height:100%;vertical-align:middle}.mfp-align-top .mfp-container:before{display:none}.mfp-content{position:relative;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;margin:0 auto;text-align:left;z-index:1045}.mfp-ajax-holder .mfp-content,.mfp-inline-holder .mfp-content{width:100%;cursor:auto}.mfp-ajax-cur{cursor:progress}.mfp-zoom-out-cur,.mfp-zoom-out-cur .mfp-image-holder .mfp-close{cursor:-moz-zoom-out;cursor:-webkit-zoom-out;cursor:zoom-out}.mfp-zoom{cursor:pointer;cursor:-webkit-zoom-in;cursor:-moz-zoom-in;cursor:zoom-in}.mfp-auto-cursor .mfp-content{cursor:auto}.mfp-arrow,.mfp-close,.mfp-counter,.mfp-preloader{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;user-select:none}.mfp-loading.mfp-figure{display:none}.mfp-hide{display:none!important}.mfp-preloader{color:#ccc;position:absolute;top:50%;width:auto;text-align:center;margin-top:-.8em;left:8px;right:8px;z-index:1044}.mfp-preloader a{color:#ccc}.mfp-preloader a:hover{color:#fff}.mfp-s-ready .mfp-preloader{display:none}.mfp-s-error .mfp-content{display:none}button.mfp-arrow,button.mfp-close{overflow:visible;cursor:pointer;background:0 0;border:0;-webkit-appearance:none;display:block;outline:0;padding:0;z-index:1046;box-shadow:none;touch-action:manipulation}.mfp-close{width:44px;height:44px;line-height:44px;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;text-decoration:none;text-align:center;opacity:.65;padding:0 0 18px 10px;color:#fff;font-style:normal;font-size:28px;font-family:Arial,Baskerville,monospace}.mfp-close:focus,.mfp-close:hover{opacity:1}.mfp-close:active{top:1px}.mfp-close-btn-in .mfp-close{color:#333}.mfp-iframe-holder .mfp-close,.mfp-image-holder .mfp-close{color:#fff;right:-6px;text-align:right;padding-right:6px;width:100%}.mfp-counter{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;color:#ccc;font-size:12px;line-height:18px;white-space:nowrap}.mfp-arrow{position:absolute;opacity:.65;margin:0;top:50%;margin-top:-55px;padding:0;width:90px;height:110px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}.mfp-arrow:active{margin-top:-54px}.mfp-arrow:focus,.mfp-arrow:hover{opacity:1}.mfp-arrow:after,.mfp-arrow:before{content:'';display:block;width:0;height:0;position:absolute;left:0;top:0;margin-top:35px;margin-left:35px;border:inset transparent}.mfp-arrow:after{border-top-width:13px;border-bottom-width:13px;top:8px}.mfp-arrow:before{border-top-width:21px;border-bottom-width:21px;opacity:.7}.mfp-arrow-left{left:0}.mfp-arrow-left:after{border-right:17px solid #fff;margin-left:31px}.mfp-arrow-left:before{margin-left:25px;border-right:27px solid #3f3f3f}.mfp-arrow-right{right:0}.mfp-arrow-right:after{border-left:17px solid #fff;margin-left:39px}.mfp-arrow-right:before{border-left:27px solid #3f3f3f}.mfp-iframe-holder{padding-top:40px;padding-bottom:40px}.mfp-iframe-holder .mfp-content{line-height:0;width:100%;max-width:900px}.mfp-iframe-holder .mfp-close{top:-40px}.mfp-iframe-scaler{width:100%;height:0;overflow:hidden;padding-top:56.25%}.mfp-iframe-scaler iframe{position:absolute;display:block;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;box-shadow:0 0 8px rgba(0,0,0,.6);background:#000}img.mfp-img{width:auto;max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block;line-height:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:40px 0;margin:0 auto}.mfp-figure{line-height:0}.mfp-figure:after{content:'';position:absolute;left:0;top:40px;bottom:40px;display:block;right:0;width:auto;height:auto;z-index:-1;box-shadow:0 0 8px rgba(0,0,0,.6);background:#444}.mfp-figure small{color:#bdbdbd;display:block;font-size:12px;line-height:14px}.mfp-figure figure{margin:0}.mfp-bottom-bar{margin-top:-36px;position:absolute;top:100%;left:0;width:100%;cursor:auto}.mfp-title{text-align:left;line-height:18px;color:#f3f3f3;word-wrap:break-word;padding-right:36px}.mfp-image-holder .mfp-content{max-width:100%}.mfp-gallery .mfp-image-holder .mfp-figure{cursor:pointer}@media screen and (max-width:800px) and (orientation:landscape),screen and (max-height:300px){.mfp-img-mobile .mfp-image-holder{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.mfp-img-mobile img.mfp-img{padding:0}.mfp-img-mobile .mfp-figure:after{top:0;bottom:0}.mfp-img-mobile .mfp-figure small{display:inline;margin-left:5px}.mfp-img-mobile .mfp-bottom-bar{background:rgba(0,0,0,.6);bottom:0;margin:0;top:auto;padding:3px 5px;position:fixed;box-sizing:border-box}.mfp-img-mobile .mfp-bottom-bar:empty{padding:0}.mfp-img-mobile .mfp-counter{right:5px;top:3px}.mfp-img-mobile .mfp-close{top:0;right:0;width:35px;height:35px;line-height:35px;background:rgba(0,0,0,.6);position:fixed;text-align:center;padding:0}}@media all and (max-width:900px){.mfp-arrow{-webkit-transform:scale(.75);transform:scale(.75)}.mfp-arrow-left{-webkit-transform-origin:0;transform-origin:0}.mfp-arrow-right{-webkit-transform-origin:100%;transform-origin:100%}.mfp-container{padding-left:6px;padding-right:6px}}@font-face{font-family:Oswald;font-style:normal;font-weight:300;font-display:swap;src:url(https://www.popmatters.com/fonts.gstatic.com/s/oswald/v53/TK3iWkUHHAIjg752GT8G.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:Oswald;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(https://www.popmatters.com/fonts.gstatic.com/s/oswald/v53/TK3iWkUHHAIjg752GT8G.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:Oswald;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:swap;src:url(https://www.popmatters.com/fonts.gstatic.com/s/oswald/v53/TK3iWkUHHAIjg752GT8G.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:'Source Sans Pro';font-style:italic;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(https://www.popmatters.com/fonts.gstatic.com/s/sourcesanspro/v22/6xK1dSBYKcSV-LCoeQqfX1RYOo3qPZ7nsDI.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:'Source Sans Pro';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(https://www.popmatters.com/fonts.gstatic.com/s/sourcesanspro/v22/6xK3dSBYKcSV-LCoeQqfX1RYOo3qOK7l.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:'Source Sans Pro';font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:swap;src:url(https://www.popmatters.com/fonts.gstatic.com/s/sourcesanspro/v22/6xKydSBYKcSV-LCoeQqfX1RYOo3ig4vwlxdu.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}body{font-size:16px!important}.site{padding-top:175px}.site-header{background-color:#fff;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;width:100%;z-index:999}.masthead-banner{padding:30px 0}.custom-logo{max-width:300px}.site-social{display:block}@media (min-width:992px){.site-social{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;margin-left:30px}}.social-navigation ul li a{width:25px;height:25px;background-color:#000;border-radius:0}.social-navigation ul li a:after{color:#fff;position:absolute;left:50%;top:50%;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);-moz-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);-o-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);transform:translate(-50%,-50%)}.social-navigation ul a[href*="spotify.com"]:after{content:"\f1bc"}.main-navigation{background-color:#000}body .main-navigation a{color:#fff}.ham,.ham:after,.ham:before{background-color:#fff}.post-description{font-size:17px}@media (min-width:1600px){.container,.site-content{width:1170px}}.widget_custom_html{overflow:auto}span.item-metadata.posts-author{display:flex;gap:3px}body{color:#333}body .secondary-color,body .site-content .search-form .search-submit,body .site-footer .search-form .search-submit,body input[type=submit]{background:#f0991d}body .elegant_magazine_single_col_categorised_posts .figure-categories .cat-links a,body a:active,body a:focus,body a:hover{color:#f0991d}a{color:#333}a:visited{color:#333}body h1,body h2,body h2 span,body h3{color:#333}body,body input{font-family:'Source Sans Pro'}body .figure-categories .cat-links,body .font-family-1,body .grid-item-metadata .item-metadata,body .main-navigation a,body .nav-links a,body .site-description,body .widget-title,body h1,body h2,body h3{font-family:Oswald}.article-title,.main-navigation .menu ul li a,.site-branding .site-title{letter-spacing:.5px;line-height:1.3}body .site-footer{background:#1f2125}body .site-footer,body .site-footer .site-description,body .site-footer .site-title a,body .site-footer .widget-title,body .site-footer a{color:#fff}.site-footer a:visited{color:#fff}body .site-info{background:#000}body .site-info,body .site-info a{color:#fff}@media only screen and (min-width:1025px) and (max-width:1599px){body #primary .widget-title span,body.archive .site-content .header-title-wrapper .page-title{font-size:38px!important}body #primary .widget-title span,body.archive .site-content .header-title-wrapper .page-title{font-size:36px}body #primary .widget .article-title{font-size:calc(18px - 2px)}body #primary .widget .article-title.article-title-2{font-size:18px}}.site-description,.site-title{position:absolute;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px)}.page-links{text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:700}.row-sm.align-items-center .page-links{display:none}a.post-page-numbers{background-color:#333;color:#fff;padding:5px 12px;text-decoration:none;margin-left:4px}.posts-navigation .nav-previous a{visibility:hidden}.posts-navigation .nav-previous a::before{content:"Older Articles";visibility:visible}@media only screen and (max-width:992px){nav#site-navigation.main-navigation{margin-bottom:5px}.masthead-banner{padding:10px}img.custom-logo{max-width:200px}.masthead-banner .site-social{display:none}.ham{display:block}.main-navigation .toggle-menu{pointer-events:auto}}.col .col-five .figure-categories span.cat-links a{color:#f0991d}.cat-links{display:none}.col-details .grid-item-metadata span.item-metadata.posts-date{display:none}.col-details .grid-item-metadata span.slash{display:none}.col-five span.item-metadata.posts-date{display:none}.col-five span.slash{display:none}.posts-author a,.pp-author-boxes-name.multiple-authors-name a{color:#f0991d;font-family:Oswald}.sheknows-infuse-ad{margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px;text-align:center;padding-top:25px;padding-bottom:25px}span.item-metadata.posts-author span,span.item-metadata.posts-date{font-family:Oswald}.pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper.pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action .ppma-author-category-wrap .ppma-category-group{margin-bottom:px!important}.pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper.pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action .ppma-author-category-wrap .ppma-category-group{margin-right:px!important}.pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper.pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action .ppma-author-category-wrap{font-size:px!important}.pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline .pp-author-boxes-name::after{content:","}.pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper.pp-multiple-authors-wrapper.pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action.box-post-id-658428.box-instance-id-1.ppma_boxes_658428 ul li>div:first-child{flex:1!important}.pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline .pp-author-boxes-name::after{display:none!important}:root{--ppa-color-scheme:#f39b1f;--ppa-color-scheme-active:#c27c19}.fa{font-family:var(--fa-style-family,"Font Awesome 6 Free");font-weight:var(--fa-style,900)}.fa{-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;display:var(--fa-display,inline-block);font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;line-height:1;text-rendering:auto}.fa-angle-up:before{content:"\f106"}.fa-search:before{content:"\f002"}:root{--fa-font-brands:normal 400 1em/1 "Font Awesome 6 Brands"}@font-face{font-family:"Font Awesome 6 Brands";font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.1.1/webfonts/fa-brands-400.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.1.1/webfonts/fa-brands-400.ttf) format("truetype")}:root{--fa-font-regular:normal 400 1em/1 "Font Awesome 6 Free"}:root{--fa-font-solid:normal 900 1em/1 "Font Awesome 6 Free"}@font-face{font-family:"Font Awesome 6 Free";font-style:normal;font-weight:900;font-display:swap;src:url(https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.1.1/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.1.1/webfonts/fa-solid-900.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:"Font Awesome 5 Brands";font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.1.1/webfonts/fa-brands-400.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.1.1/webfonts/fa-brands-400.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:"Font Awesome 5 Free";font-display:swap;font-weight:900;src:url(https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.1.1/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.1.1/webfonts/fa-solid-900.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:FontAwesome;font-display:swap;src:url(https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.1.1/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.1.1/webfonts/fa-solid-900.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:FontAwesome;font-display:swap;src:url(https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.1.1/webfonts/fa-brands-400.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.1.1/webfonts/fa-brands-400.ttf) format("truetype")}</style><link rel="preload" data-rocket-preload as="image" href="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/KRONOS-QUARTET-by-Jay-Blakesberg-720x380.jpg" fetchpriority="high"> <meta name='robots' content='max-image-preview:large' /> <style></style> <meta name="robots" content="index,follow" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/lists" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="object" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Lists, PopMatters" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.popmatters.com/category/lists" /> <meta property="og:site_name" name="copyright" content="PopMatters" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/KRONOS-QUARTET-by-Jay-Blakesberg.jpg" /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn.openshareweb.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn.shareaholic.net' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.shareaholic.net' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//analytics.shareaholic.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//recs.shareaholic.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//partner.shareaholic.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="PopMatters » Feed" href="https://www.popmatters.com/feed" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="PopMatters » Lists Category Feed" href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/lists/feed" />  <link rel='preload' href='//cdn.shareaholic.net/assets/pub/shareaholic.js' as='script'/> <script data-no-minify='1' data-cfasync='false'> _SHR_SETTINGS = {"endpoints":{"local_recs_url":"https:\/\/www.popmatters.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=shareaholic_permalink_related","ajax_url":"https:\/\/www.popmatters.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"},"site_id":"0b920eae49c66a4f8641b63b3b439749"}; </script> <script data-no-minify='1' data-cfasync='false' src='//cdn.shareaholic.net/assets/pub/shareaholic.js' data-shr-siteid='0b920eae49c66a4f8641b63b3b439749' async ></script>  <meta name='shareaholic:site_name' content='PopMatters' /> <meta name='shareaholic:language' content='en-US' /> <meta name='shareaholic:article_visibility' content='private' /> <meta name='shareaholic:site_id' content='0b920eae49c66a4f8641b63b3b439749' /> <meta name='shareaholic:wp_version' content='9.7.13' />  <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'></style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'></style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'></style> <style id='elegant-magazine-style-inline-css' type='text/css'></style> <style id='rocket-lazyload-inline-css' type='text/css'> .rll-youtube-player{position:relative;padding-bottom:56.23%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;}.rll-youtube-player:focus-within{outline: 2px solid currentColor;outline-offset: 5px;}.rll-youtube-player iframe{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:100;background:0 0}.rll-youtube-player img{bottom:0;display:block;left:0;margin:auto;max-width:100%;width:100%;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;border:none;height:auto;-webkit-transition:.4s all;-moz-transition:.4s all;transition:.4s all}.rll-youtube-player img:hover{-webkit-filter:brightness(75%)}.rll-youtube-player .play{height:100%;width:100%;left:0;top:0;position:absolute;background:url(https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-rocket/assets/img/youtube.png) no-repeat center;background-color: transparent !important;cursor:pointer;border:none;} </style> <script>window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {!(function(o,_name){o[_name]=o[_name]||function $(){($.q=$.q||[]).push(arguments)},o[_name].v=o[_name].v||2;!(function(o,t,e,n,c,a){function f(n,c){(n=(function(t,e){try{if(e=(t=o.localStorage).getItem("_aQS01ODhGOEZCQjAxRjgyQjdBMzk0MjhGMjItOTMw"))return JSON.parse(e).lgk||[];if((t.getItem(decodeURI(decodeURI('%257%36%25%334ac%25%331e%256%39%255%61r%2530')))||"").split(",")[4]>0)return[[_name+"-engaged","true"]]}catch(n){}})())&&typeof n.forEach===e&&(c=o[t].pubads())&&n.forEach((function(o){o&&o[0]&&c.setTargeting(o[0],o[1]||"")}))}try{(a=o[t]=o[t]||{}).cmd=a.cmd||[],typeof a.pubads===e?f():typeof a.cmd.unshift===e?a.cmd.unshift(f):a.cmd.push(f)}catch(i){}})(window,"googletag","function");;})(window,decodeURI(decodeURI('adm%69%72a%25%36%63')));!(function(t,c,i){i=t.createElement(c),t=t.getElementsByTagName(c)[0],i.async=1,i.src="https://forevergears.com/bundles/bb8e0e_8d3f79b1eed7a549aaa36e55008ee6d1.app.js",t.parentNode.insertBefore(i,t)})(document,"script");});</script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro-child/assets/js/jquery.min.js?ver=a03c87c4413a77f0882a4bce7a9d7b61" id="jquery-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.popmatters.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd" />  <script type="text/javascript"> var blogherads = blogherads || {}; blogherads.adq = blogherads.adq || []; blogherads.adq.push(function () { blogherads.setTargeting("ci", "term-5491"); blogherads.setTargeting("pt", "landing"); blogherads.setTargeting("ch", ["featured-top-of-home-page","features","lists","music","music-features","pop-past","save-ignore-popular"]); if (blogherads.setADmantXData) { blogherads.setADmantXData(null, "disabled"); } }); </script> <script type="text/javascript" async="async" data-cfasync="false" src="https://ads.blogherads.com/static/blogherads.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" async="async" data-cfasync="false" src="https://ads.blogherads.com/sk/12/123/1233970/28055/header.js"></script>  <meta name="google-site-verification" content="hzIrLMtDFM5Y2tFEuXLMEavcwlmwC30SZTWdnPUPiVs" /> <script type='text/javascript'> (function() { /** CONFIGURATION START **/ var _sf_async_config = window._sf_async_config = (window._sf_async_config || {}); _sf_async_config.uid = 21097; //CHANGE THIS TO YOUR ACCOUNT ID _sf_async_config.domain = 'popmatters.com'; //CHANGE THIS TO YOUR SITE ID _sf_async_config.useCanonical = true; _sf_async_config.useCanonicalDomain = true; _sf_async_config.sections = ''; //SET PAGE SECTION(S) _sf_async_config.authors = ''; //SET PAGE AUTHOR(S) /** CONFIGURATION END **/ function loadChartbeat() { var e = document.createElement('script'); var n = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; e.type = 'text/javascript'; e.async = true; e.src = '//static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js'; n.parentNode.insertBefore(e, n); } loadChartbeat(); })(); </script> <meta name="p:domain_verify" content="77406daa3751c05edce6b1a2e96fe7ae"/> <style type="text/css"></style> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/cropped-1418A899-16C5-4A17-9A59-9EDBD6F05C61-32x32.jpeg" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/cropped-1418A899-16C5-4A17-9A59-9EDBD6F05C61-192x192.jpeg" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/cropped-1418A899-16C5-4A17-9A59-9EDBD6F05C61-180x180.jpeg" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/cropped-1418A899-16C5-4A17-9A59-9EDBD6F05C61-270x270.jpeg" /> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"></style> <noscript><style id="rocket-lazyload-nojs-css">.rll-youtube-player, [data-lazy-src]{display:none !important;}</style></noscript><style id="rocket-lazyrender-inline-css">[data-wpr-lazyrender] {content-visibility: auto;}</style><meta name="generator" content="WP Rocket 3.17.3" data-wpr-features="wpr_remove_unused_css wpr_defer_js wpr_lazyload_images wpr_lazyload_iframes wpr_automatic_lazy_rendering wpr_oci wpr_image_dimensions wpr_minify_css wpr_desktop wpr_preload_links" /></head> <body data-rsssl=1 class="archive category category-lists category-5491 wp-custom-logo hfeed default-content-layout align-content-left disable-default-home-content"> <div id="page" class="site"> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#content">Skip to content</a> <header id="masthead" class="site-header"> <div class="masthead-banner " data-background=""> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="site-branding"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home"><img width="2662" height="397" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/cropped-logo.png" class="custom-logo" alt="PopMatters" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" /></a> <p class="site-title font-family-1"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/" rel="home">PopMatters</a> </p> <p class="site-description">Essaying the pop culture that matters since 1999</p> <div class="site-social"> <div class="social-navigation"><ul id="social-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-52" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-52"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/popmatters/"><span class="screen-reader-text">Facebook</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-53" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-53"><a href="https://twitter.com/popmatters"><span class="screen-reader-text">Twitter</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-56" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-56"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/popmatters/"><span class="screen-reader-text">Instagram</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-633492" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-633492"><a href="https://open.spotify.com/user/popmatters"><span class="screen-reader-text">Spotify</span></a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <nav id="site-navigation" class="main-navigation"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="navigation-container"> <span class="af-search-click icon-search"> <a href="#"><i class="fa fa-search"></i></a> </span> <span class="toggle-menu" aria-controls="primary-menu" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Primary Menu</span> <i class="ham"></i> </span> <div class="menu main-menu"><ul id="primary-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-90761" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-90761"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/features">Features</a></li> <li id="menu-item-90766" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-90766"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/reviews">Reviews</a></li> <li id="menu-item-90774" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-menu-item menu-item-90774"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/lists" aria-current="page">Lists</a></li> <li id="menu-item-90780" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-90780"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music">Music</a></li> <li id="menu-item-90783" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-90783"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/film">Film</a></li> <li id="menu-item-633501" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-633501"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/television">TV</a></li> <li id="menu-item-90794" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-90794"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/books">Books</a></li> <li id="menu-item-681081" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-681081"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/interviews">Interviews</a></li> <li id="menu-item-90804" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-90804"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/popmatters-picks">Picks</a></li> <li id="menu-item-633545" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-633545"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/donate-to-popmatters-2648142361.html">Donate</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </header> <div id="af-search-wrap"> <div class="af-search-box table-block"> <div class="table-block-child v-center text-center"> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://www.popmatters.com/"> <label> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> </label> <input type="submit" class="search-submit" value="Search" /> </form> </div> </div> <div class="af-search-close af-search-click"> <span></span> <span></span> </div> </div> <div class="banner-promotions-wrapper"> </div>  <div id="content" class="site-content"> <div id="primary" class="content-area"> <main id="main" class="site-main"> <header class="header-title-wrapper"> <h1 class="page-title">Lists</h1> </header> <article id="post-634743" class="post-634743 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-featured-top-of-home-page category-features category-lists category-music category-music-features category-pop-past category-save-ignore-popular tag-alfred-schnittke tag-arvo-part tag-caroline-shaw tag-classical tag-contemporary-classical tag-gavin-bryars tag-henryk-gorecki tag-ingram-marshall tag-john-coltrane tag-justinian-tamusuza tag-krzysztof-penderecki tag-list-this tag-minimalism tag-neoclassical tag-osvoldo-golijov tag-serena-tideman tag-william-basinski"> <div class="col col-ten base-border archive-layout-list archive-image-left"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <img fetchpriority="high" width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/KRONOS-QUARTET-by-Jay-Blakesberg-720x380.jpg" alt="12 Compositions to Introduce You to Classical Music Post-1950"> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/featured-top-of-home-page" rel="category tag">Featured: Top of Home Page</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/features" rel="category tag">Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/lists" rel="category tag">Lists</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music" rel="category tag">Music</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music-features" rel="category tag">Music Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/pop-past" rel="category tag">Pop Past</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/save-ignore-popular" rel="category tag">SAVE/ IGNORE: popular</a></span> </div> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/classical-music-post-1950" rel="bookmark">12 Compositions to Introduce You to Classical Music Post-1950</a> </h2> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/robert_rubsam">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/robert_rubsam" rel="author" title="Robert Rubsam" class="author url fn">Robert Rubsam</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 21 November 2024 </span> </span> </div> <div class="full-item-discription"> <div class="post-description"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='12 Compositions to Introduce You to Classical Music Post-1950' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/classical-music-post-1950' data-summary='Classical and compositional music have continued to thrive in the 20th and 21st centuries, reaching new heights of dissonance and beauty.' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>Classical and compositional music have continued to thrive in the 20th and 21st centuries, reaching new heights of dissonance and beauty.</p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='12 Compositions to Introduce You to Classical Music Post-1950' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/classical-music-post-1950' data-summary='Classical and compositional music have continued to thrive in the 20th and 21st centuries, reaching new heights of dissonance and beauty.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='12 Compositions to Introduce You to Classical Music Post-1950' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/classical-music-post-1950' data-summary='Classical and compositional music have continued to thrive in the 20th and 21st centuries, reaching new heights of dissonance and beauty.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-360115" class="post-360115 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-featured-top-of-home-page category-features category-lists category-music category-music-features category-pop-past category-save-ignore-popular tag-black-flag tag-electric-light-orchestra tag-english-beat tag-grandmaster-flash-and-the-furious-five tag-heaven-17 tag-howard-jones tag-human-league tag-inxs tag-kim-wilde tag-list-this tag-madonna tag-minutemen tag-olivia-newton-john tag-pete-townshend tag-public-enemy tag-siouxsie-and-the-banshees tag-sonic-youth tag-squeeze tag-synesthesia tag-tears-for-fears tag-the-beat tag-the-police tag-thomas-dolby tag-visage"> <div class="col col-ten base-border archive-layout-list archive-image-left"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <img width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/20-Overlooked-1980s-Music-Videos-720x380.jpg" alt="20 Music Videos of the 1980s That Have Aged Well"> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/featured-top-of-home-page" rel="category tag">Featured: Top of Home Page</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/features" rel="category tag">Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/lists" rel="category tag">Lists</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music" rel="category tag">Music</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music-features" rel="category tag">Music Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/pop-past" rel="category tag">Pop Past</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/save-ignore-popular" rel="category tag">SAVE/ IGNORE: popular</a></span> </div> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/1980s-music-videos-aged-well" rel="bookmark">20 Music Videos of the 1980s That Have Aged Well</a> </h2> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/dennis_shin">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/dennis_shin" rel="author" title="Dennis Shin" class="author url fn">Dennis Shin</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 19 November 2024 </span> </span> </div> <div class="full-item-discription"> <div class="post-description"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='20 Music Videos of the 1980s That Have Aged Well' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/1980s-music-videos-aged-well' data-summary='In this installment of our retrospective of 1980s music videos, we focus on 20 promos that have, remarkably, stood the test of time.' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>In this installment of our retrospective of 1980s music videos, we focus on 20 promos that have, remarkably, stood the test of time.</p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='20 Music Videos of the 1980s That Have Aged Well' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/1980s-music-videos-aged-well' data-summary='In this installment of our retrospective of 1980s music videos, we focus on 20 promos that have, remarkably, stood the test of time.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='20 Music Videos of the 1980s That Have Aged Well' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/1980s-music-videos-aged-well' data-summary='In this installment of our retrospective of 1980s music videos, we focus on 20 promos that have, remarkably, stood the test of time.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page-links">Pages <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/1980s-music-videos-aged-well" class="post-page-numbers">1</a> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/1980s-music-videos-aged-well/2" class="post-page-numbers">2</a></div> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-685614" class="post-685614 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-featured-top-of-home-page category-features category-lists category-metalmatters category-music category-music-features category-music-reviews category-popmatters-picks tag-aerkenbrand tag-auriferous-flame tag-bedsore tag-best-metal tag-biesy tag-defeated-sanity tag-djevel tag-dreamlongdead tag-heavy-metal tag-mefitis tag-metal tag-metalmatters tag-mitochondrion tag-neon-nightmare tag-new-skeletal-faces tag-old-wainds tag-paysage-dhiver tag-primal-code tag-sun-worship tag-the-body tag-the-gates-of-slumber tag-veilburner tag-yoo-doo-right"> <div class="col col-ten base-border archive-layout-list archive-image-left"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <img width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Best-Metal-Albums-of-November-2024-720x380.jpg" alt="MetalMatters: The Best Metal Albums of November 2024"> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/featured-top-of-home-page" rel="category tag">Featured: Top of Home Page</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/features" rel="category tag">Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/lists" rel="category tag">Lists</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/metalmatters" rel="category tag">MetalMatters</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music" rel="category tag">Music</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music-features" rel="category tag">Music Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music-reviews" rel="category tag">Music Reviews</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/popmatters-picks" rel="category tag">PopMatters Picks</a></span> </div> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/best-metal-albums-november-2024" rel="bookmark">MetalMatters: The Best Metal Albums of November 2024</a> </h2> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/spyros_stasis">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/spyros_stasis" rel="author" title="Spyros Stasis" class="author url fn">Spyros Stasis</a>, </span> </span> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/antonioposcic" rel="author" title="Antonio Poscic" class="author url fn">Antonio Poscic</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 18 November 2024 </span> </span> </div> <div class="full-item-discription"> <div class="post-description"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='MetalMatters: The Best Metal Albums of November 2024' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/best-metal-albums-november-2024' data-summary='In November's best metal, the Body corrode all sound, Defeated Sanity balance immediacy and complexity, and Djevel relish the Scandinavian black metal spirit.' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>In November’s best metal, the Body corrode all sound, Defeated Sanity balance immediacy and complexity, and Djevel relish the Scandinavian black metal spirit.</p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='MetalMatters: The Best Metal Albums of November 2024' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/best-metal-albums-november-2024' data-summary='In November's best metal, the Body corrode all sound, Defeated Sanity balance immediacy and complexity, and Djevel relish the Scandinavian black metal spirit.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='MetalMatters: The Best Metal Albums of November 2024' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/best-metal-albums-november-2024' data-summary='In November's best metal, the Body corrode all sound, Defeated Sanity balance immediacy and complexity, and Djevel relish the Scandinavian black metal spirit.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page-links">Pages <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/best-metal-albums-november-2024" class="post-page-numbers">1</a> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/best-metal-albums-november-2024/2" class="post-page-numbers">2</a></div> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-685318" class="post-685318 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-featured-top-of-home-page category-features category-lists category-music category-television tag-1950s-television tag-adam-12 tag-american-bandstand tag-confidential-file tag-dragnet tag-ed-sullivan tag-hawaii-five-o tag-jefferson-airplane tag-lsd tag-music-television tag-outer-limits tag-psychdelics tag-route-66 tag-television-feature tag-telvision-series"> <div class="col col-ten base-border archive-layout-list archive-image-left"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <img width="720" height="380" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20720%20380'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="When the 1950s Met the 1960s via LSD TV" data-lazy-src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/psychedelic-tv-Vuk-AdobeStock_1029925616-720x380.jpg"><noscript><img width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/psychedelic-tv-Vuk-AdobeStock_1029925616-720x380.jpg" alt="When the 1950s Met the 1960s via LSD TV"></noscript> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/featured-top-of-home-page" rel="category tag">Featured: Top of Home Page</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/features" rel="category tag">Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/lists" rel="category tag">Lists</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music" rel="category tag">Music</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/television" rel="category tag">Television</a></span> </div> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/1950s-1960s-lsd-tv-feature" rel="bookmark">When the 1950s Met the 1960s via LSD TV</a> </h2> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/wayne-glausser">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/wayne-glausser" rel="author" title="Wayne Glausser" class="author url fn">Wayne Glausser</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 11 November 2024 </span> </span> </div> <div class="full-item-discription"> <div class="post-description"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='When the 1950s Met the 1960s via LSD TV' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/1950s-1960s-lsd-tv-feature' data-summary='These eight TV episodes illustrate what happened when the 1950s met the 1960s via LSD TV, leading to moments of confusion and irony, often with comical results.' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>These eight TV episodes illustrate what happened when the 1950s met the 1960s via LSD TV, leading to moments of confusion and irony, often with comical results.</p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='When the 1950s Met the 1960s via LSD TV' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/1950s-1960s-lsd-tv-feature' data-summary='These eight TV episodes illustrate what happened when the 1950s met the 1960s via LSD TV, leading to moments of confusion and irony, often with comical results.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='When the 1950s Met the 1960s via LSD TV' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/1950s-1960s-lsd-tv-feature' data-summary='These eight TV episodes illustrate what happened when the 1950s met the 1960s via LSD TV, leading to moments of confusion and irony, often with comical results.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-360108" class="post-360108 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-featured-top-of-home-page category-features category-lists category-music category-music-features category-pop-past category-save-ignore-popular tag-1980s tag-aldo-nova tag-animotion tag-asia tag-cheap-trick tag-depeche-mode tag-donnie-iris tag-duran-duran tag-europe tag-huey-lewis-and-the-news tag-john-parr tag-list-this tag-ministry tag-new-wave tag-pop tag-scandal tag-styx tag-synesthesia tag-the-bangles tag-the-buggles tag-the-cars tag-thompson-twins tag-toto-coelo tag-trans-x"> <div class="col col-ten base-border archive-layout-list archive-image-left"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <img width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/20-Overlooked-1980s-Music-Videos-720x380.jpg" alt="20 Music Videos of the 1980s That Have Aged Terribly"> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/featured-top-of-home-page" rel="category tag">Featured: Top of Home Page</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/features" rel="category tag">Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/lists" rel="category tag">Lists</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music" rel="category tag">Music</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music-features" rel="category tag">Music Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/pop-past" rel="category tag">Pop Past</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/save-ignore-popular" rel="category tag">SAVE/ IGNORE: popular</a></span> </div> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/1980s-music-videos-aged-terribly" rel="bookmark">20 Music Videos of the 1980s That Have Aged Terribly</a> </h2> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/dennis_shin">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/dennis_shin" rel="author" title="Dennis Shin" class="author url fn">Dennis Shin</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 11 November 2024 </span> </span> </div> <div class="full-item-discription"> <div class="post-description"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='20 Music Videos of the 1980s That Have Aged Terribly' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/1980s-music-videos-aged-terribly' data-summary='These 1980s music videos have not aged well, bearing a distinctive look instantly tagging them as a product of their time' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>These 1980s music videos have not aged well, bearing a distinctive look instantly tagging them as a product of their time</p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='20 Music Videos of the 1980s That Have Aged Terribly' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/1980s-music-videos-aged-terribly' data-summary='These 1980s music videos have not aged well, bearing a distinctive look instantly tagging them as a product of their time' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='20 Music Videos of the 1980s That Have Aged Terribly' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/1980s-music-videos-aged-terribly' data-summary='These 1980s music videos have not aged well, bearing a distinctive look instantly tagging them as a product of their time' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page-links">Pages <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/1980s-music-videos-aged-terribly" class="post-page-numbers">1</a> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/1980s-music-videos-aged-terribly/2" class="post-page-numbers">2</a></div> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-685209" class="post-685209 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-featured-top-of-home-page category-features category-lists category-metalmatters category-music category-music-features category-popmatters-picks category-reviews tag-best-metal tag-black-curse tag-blood-incantation tag-bunuel tag-capilla-ardiente tag-death-like-mass tag-destruktor tag-devenial-verdict tag-doedsmaghird tag-escuela-grind tag-heavy-metal tag-help-2 tag-human-impact tag-immortal-bird tag-life-abuse tag-list-this tag-master-boot-record tag-melted-bodies tag-metal tag-metalmatters tag-mother-of-graves tag-oranssi-pazuzu tag-shaarimoth tag-the-bug tag-undeath"> <div class="col col-ten base-border archive-layout-list archive-image-left"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <img width="720" height="380" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20720%20380'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="MetalMatters: The Best Metal Albums of October 2024" data-lazy-src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Best-Metal-Albums-of-October-2024-720x380.jpg"><noscript><img width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Best-Metal-Albums-of-October-2024-720x380.jpg" alt="MetalMatters: The Best Metal Albums of October 2024"></noscript> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/featured-top-of-home-page" rel="category tag">Featured: Top of Home Page</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/features" rel="category tag">Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/lists" rel="category tag">Lists</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/metalmatters" rel="category tag">MetalMatters</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music" rel="category tag">Music</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music-features" rel="category tag">Music Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/popmatters-picks" rel="category tag">PopMatters Picks</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/reviews" rel="category tag">Reviews</a></span> </div> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/best-metal-albums-october-2024" rel="bookmark">MetalMatters: The Best Metal Albums of October 2024</a> </h2> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/spyros_stasis">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/spyros_stasis" rel="author" title="Spyros Stasis" class="author url fn">Spyros Stasis</a>, </span> </span> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/antonioposcic" rel="author" title="Antonio Poscic" class="author url fn">Antonio Poscic</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 4 November 2024 </span> </span> </div> <div class="full-item-discription"> <div class="post-description"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='MetalMatters: The Best Metal Albums of October 2024' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/best-metal-albums-october-2024' data-summary='In October's best metal, Blood Incantation explore the cosmos, the Bug disfigures the techno sound, and Oranssi Pazuzu contine to transform.' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>In October’s best metal, Blood Incantation explore the cosmos, the Bug disfigures the techno sound, and Oranssi Pazuzu contine to transform.</p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='MetalMatters: The Best Metal Albums of October 2024' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/best-metal-albums-october-2024' data-summary='In October's best metal, Blood Incantation explore the cosmos, the Bug disfigures the techno sound, and Oranssi Pazuzu contine to transform.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='MetalMatters: The Best Metal Albums of October 2024' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/best-metal-albums-october-2024' data-summary='In October's best metal, Blood Incantation explore the cosmos, the Bug disfigures the techno sound, and Oranssi Pazuzu contine to transform.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page-links">Pages <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/best-metal-albums-october-2024" class="post-page-numbers">1</a> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/best-metal-albums-october-2024/2" class="post-page-numbers">2</a></div> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-541759" class="post-541759 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-featured-top-of-home-page category-features category-lists category-television tag-are-are-you-afraid-of-the-dark tag-drama tag-fantasy tag-horror tag-list-this"> <div class="col col-ten base-border archive-layout-list archive-image-left"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <img width="720" height="380" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20720%20380'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="The Top 10 Episodes of ‘Are You Afraid of the Dark?’" data-lazy-src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/Are-Are-You-Afraid-of-the-Dark-720x380.jpg"><noscript><img width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/Are-Are-You-Afraid-of-the-Dark-720x380.jpg" alt="The Top 10 Episodes of ‘Are You Afraid of the Dark?’"></noscript> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/featured-top-of-home-page" rel="category tag">Featured: Top of Home Page</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/features" rel="category tag">Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/lists" rel="category tag">Lists</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/television" rel="category tag">Television</a></span> </div> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/are-you-afraid-dark-episodes" rel="bookmark">The Top 10 Episodes of ‘Are You Afraid of the Dark?’</a> </h2> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/michelle_welch">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/michelle_welch" rel="author" title="Michelle Welch" class="author url fn">Michelle Welch</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 31 October 2024 </span> </span> </div> <div class="full-item-discription"> <div class="post-description"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='The Top 10 Episodes of 'Are You Afraid of the Dark?'' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/are-you-afraid-dark-episodes' data-summary='For this Halloween, we invite you to join us in revisiting ten classic, creepy Are You Afraid of the Dark? episodes. First, turn off the lights.' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>For this Halloween, we invite you to join us in revisiting ten classic, creepy <em>Are You Afraid of the Dark?</em> episodes. First, turn off the lights.</p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='The Top 10 Episodes of 'Are You Afraid of the Dark?'' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/are-you-afraid-dark-episodes' data-summary='For this Halloween, we invite you to join us in revisiting ten classic, creepy Are You Afraid of the Dark? episodes. First, turn off the lights.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='The Top 10 Episodes of 'Are You Afraid of the Dark?'' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/are-you-afraid-dark-episodes' data-summary='For this Halloween, we invite you to join us in revisiting ten classic, creepy Are You Afraid of the Dark? episodes. First, turn off the lights.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-634789" class="post-634789 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-featured-top-of-home-page category-features category-lists category-music category-pop-past tag-art-rock tag-experimental tag-glam-rock tag-list-this tag-lou-reed tag-noise-rock tag-proto-punk tag-rock"> <div class="col col-ten base-border archive-layout-list archive-image-left"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <img width="1200" height="800" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201200%20800'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="The 10 Spookiest Lou Reed Songs" data-lazy-src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/img-640.jpg"><noscript><img width="1200" height="800" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/img-640.jpg" alt="The 10 Spookiest Lou Reed Songs"></noscript> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/featured-top-of-home-page" rel="category tag">Featured: Top of Home Page</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/features" rel="category tag">Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/lists" rel="category tag">Lists</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music" rel="category tag">Music</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/pop-past" rel="category tag">Pop Past</a></span> </div> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/10-spookiest-lou-reed-songs" rel="bookmark">The 10 Spookiest Lou Reed Songs</a> </h2> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/gary_suarez">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/gary_suarez" rel="author" title="Gary Suarez" class="author url fn">Gary Suarez</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 30 October 2024 </span> </span> </div> <div class="full-item-discription"> <div class="post-description"> <p>From graphic depictions of violence and death to ominous and grating musical atmospheres, Lou Reed created numerous frightening tunes.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-360131" class="post-360131 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-featured-top-of-home-page category-features category-lists category-music category-music-features category-pop-past category-save-ignore-popular tag-1980s tag-a-ha tag-adam-and-the-ants tag-adam-ant tag-altered-images tag-bananarama tag-chris-stein tag-david-bowie tag-depeche-mode tag-duran-duran tag-echo-and-the-bunnymen tag-fine-young-cannibals tag-front-242 tag-fun-boy-three tag-grandmaster-caz tag-haysi-fantayzee tag-joy-division tag-lene-lovich tag-list-this tag-music-videos tag-pat-benatar tag-synesthesia tag-the-clash tag-the-cure tag-the-jam tag-time-zone tag-u2"> <div class="col col-ten base-border archive-layout-list archive-image-left"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <img width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/20-Overlooked-1980s-Music-Videos-720x380.jpg" alt="20 Overlooked 1980s Music Videos"> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/featured-top-of-home-page" rel="category tag">Featured: Top of Home Page</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/features" rel="category tag">Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/lists" rel="category tag">Lists</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music" rel="category tag">Music</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music-features" rel="category tag">Music Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/pop-past" rel="category tag">Pop Past</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/save-ignore-popular" rel="category tag">SAVE/ IGNORE: popular</a></span> </div> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/20-unsung-music-videos-1980s" rel="bookmark">20 Overlooked 1980s Music Videos</a> </h2> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/dennis_shin">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/dennis_shin" rel="author" title="Dennis Shin" class="author url fn">Dennis Shin</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 29 October 2024 </span> </span> </div> <div class="full-item-discription"> <div class="post-description"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='20 Overlooked 1980s Music Videos' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/20-unsung-music-videos-1980s' data-summary='From major artists like the Clash and David Bowie to less famous brethren like Haysi Fantayzee and Grandmaster Caz, these are overlooked videos from the 1980s.' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>From major artists like the Clash and David Bowie to less famous brethren like Haysi Fantayzee and Grandmaster Caz, these are overlooked videos from the 1980s.</p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='20 Overlooked 1980s Music Videos' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/20-unsung-music-videos-1980s' data-summary='From major artists like the Clash and David Bowie to less famous brethren like Haysi Fantayzee and Grandmaster Caz, these are overlooked videos from the 1980s.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='20 Overlooked 1980s Music Videos' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/20-unsung-music-videos-1980s' data-summary='From major artists like the Clash and David Bowie to less famous brethren like Haysi Fantayzee and Grandmaster Caz, these are overlooked videos from the 1980s.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page-links">Pages <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/20-unsung-music-videos-1980s" class="post-page-numbers">1</a> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/20-unsung-music-videos-1980s/2" class="post-page-numbers">2</a></div> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-684627" class="post-684627 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-featured-top-of-home-page category-features category-film category-film-feature category-lists tag-antonio-margheriti tag-b-horror tag-classic-horror-films tag-drama tag-film-feature tag-freddie-francis tag-george-sherman tag-halloween tag-horror tag-jack-cardiff tag-john-english tag-lesley-selander tag-list tag-oliver-drake tag-philip-ford tag-talkies tag-ted-hooker tag-thriller"> <div class="col col-ten base-border archive-layout-list archive-image-left"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <img width="720" height="380" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20720%20380'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="An Older Kind of Fear: Five Classic Halloween Horror Movies on Blu-Ray" data-lazy-src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/mumy-curse-jackal-retro-poster-fi-720x380.jpg"><noscript><img width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/mumy-curse-jackal-retro-poster-fi-720x380.jpg" alt="An Older Kind of Fear: Five Classic Halloween Horror Movies on Blu-Ray"></noscript> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/featured-top-of-home-page" rel="category tag">Featured: Top of Home Page</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/features" rel="category tag">Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/film" rel="category tag">Film</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/film/film-feature" rel="category tag">Film Feature</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/lists" rel="category tag">Lists</a></span> </div> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/halloween-horror-movies-classics-feature" rel="bookmark">An Older Kind of Fear: Five Classic Halloween Horror Movies on Blu-Ray</a> </h2> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/michael_barrett">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/michael_barrett" rel="author" title="Michael Barrett" class="author url fn">Michael Barrett</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 28 October 2024 </span> </span> </div> <div class="full-item-discription"> <div class="post-description"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='An Older Kind of Fear: Five Classic Halloween Horror Movies on Blu-Ray' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/halloween-horror-movies-classics-feature' data-summary='From 1930 to 1980, these five horror movies offer masked maniacs, mad scientists, murder mysteries, mummies, and military cannibals for your Halloween freak-out.' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>From 1930 to 1980, these five horror movies offer masked maniacs, mad scientists, murder mysteries, mummies, and military cannibals for your Halloween freak-out.</p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='An Older Kind of Fear: Five Classic Halloween Horror Movies on Blu-Ray' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/halloween-horror-movies-classics-feature' data-summary='From 1930 to 1980, these five horror movies offer masked maniacs, mad scientists, murder mysteries, mummies, and military cannibals for your Halloween freak-out.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='An Older Kind of Fear: Five Classic Halloween Horror Movies on Blu-Ray' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/halloween-horror-movies-classics-feature' data-summary='From 1930 to 1980, these five horror movies offer masked maniacs, mad scientists, murder mysteries, mummies, and military cannibals for your Halloween freak-out.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-507308" class="post-507308 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-featured-top-of-home-page category-features category-lists category-music category-music-features category-sound-affects tag-alternative-rock tag-frank-black tag-indie-rock tag-kim-deal tag-list-this tag-noise-pop tag-pixies tag-surf-rock"> <div class="col col-ten base-border archive-layout-list archive-image-left"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <img width="720" height="380" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20720%20380'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="Loud Quiet Loud: The Top 15 Pixies Songs" data-lazy-src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Pixies-publicity-photo-via-4AD-Elektra-720x380.jpg"><noscript><img width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Pixies-publicity-photo-via-4AD-Elektra-720x380.jpg" alt="Loud Quiet Loud: The Top 15 Pixies Songs"></noscript> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/featured-top-of-home-page" rel="category tag">Featured: Top of Home Page</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/features" rel="category tag">Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/lists" rel="category tag">Lists</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music" rel="category tag">Music</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music-features" rel="category tag">Music Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/sound-affects" rel="category tag">Sound Affects</a></span> </div> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/best-15-pixies-songs" rel="bookmark">Loud Quiet Loud: The Top 15 Pixies Songs</a> </h2> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/john_m_tryneski">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/john_m_tryneski" rel="author" title="John M. Tryneski" class="author url fn">John M. Tryneski</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 28 October 2024 </span> </span> </div> <div class="full-item-discription"> <div class="post-description"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='Loud Quiet Loud: The Top 15 Pixies Songs' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/best-15-pixies-songs' data-summary='These are the best songs from Pixies' original lineup. There are sounds here you didn't think a guitar could make, and screaming that sounds close to inhuman.' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>These are the best songs from Pixies’ original lineup. There are sounds here you didn’t think a guitar could make, and screaming that sounds close to inhuman.</p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='Loud Quiet Loud: The Top 15 Pixies Songs' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/best-15-pixies-songs' data-summary='These are the best songs from Pixies' original lineup. There are sounds here you didn't think a guitar could make, and screaming that sounds close to inhuman.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='Loud Quiet Loud: The Top 15 Pixies Songs' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/best-15-pixies-songs' data-summary='These are the best songs from Pixies' original lineup. There are sounds here you didn't think a guitar could make, and screaming that sounds close to inhuman.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-370063" class="post-370063 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-featured-top-of-home-page category-features category-lists category-music category-music-features category-save-ignore-popular category-sound-affects tag-alice-cooper tag-bauhaus tag-bobby-pickett tag-cat-power tag-classics-iv tag-feature tag-halloween tag-list-this tag-nick-cave tag-santana tag-screamin-jay-hawkins tag-siouxsie-and-the-banshees tag-stevie-wonder tag-the-ramones tag-warren-zevon"> <div class="col col-ten base-border archive-layout-list archive-image-left"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <img width="1200" height="800" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201200%20800'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="12 Must-Have Songs for Your Halloween Playlist" data-lazy-src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/img-8100.jpg"><noscript><img width="1200" height="800" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/img-8100.jpg" alt="12 Must-Have Songs for Your Halloween Playlist"></noscript> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/featured-top-of-home-page" rel="category tag">Featured: Top of Home Page</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/features" rel="category tag">Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/lists" rel="category tag">Lists</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music" rel="category tag">Music</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music-features" rel="category tag">Music Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/save-ignore-popular" rel="category tag">SAVE/ IGNORE: popular</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/sound-affects" rel="category tag">Sound Affects</a></span> </div> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/12-must-have-halloween-songs" rel="bookmark">12 Must-Have Songs for Your Halloween Playlist</a> </h2> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/jennifer_makowsky">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/jennifer_makowsky" rel="author" title="Jennifer Makowsky" class="author url fn">Jennifer Makowsky</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 24 October 2024 </span> </span> </div> <div class="full-item-discription"> <div class="post-description"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='12 Must-Have Songs for Your Halloween Playlist' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/12-must-have-halloween-songs' data-summary='Before you go out to your favorite haunted house or visit your favorite witchy woman, be sure to have the proper monster music handy.' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>Before you go out to your favorite haunted house or visit your favorite witchy woman, be sure to have the proper monster music handy. </p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='12 Must-Have Songs for Your Halloween Playlist' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/12-must-have-halloween-songs' data-summary='Before you go out to your favorite haunted house or visit your favorite witchy woman, be sure to have the proper monster music handy.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='12 Must-Have Songs for Your Halloween Playlist' data-link='https://www.popmatters.com/12-must-have-halloween-songs' data-summary='Before you go out to your favorite haunted house or visit your favorite witchy woman, be sure to have the proper monster music handy.' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <div class="col col-ten"> <nav class="navigation posts-navigation" aria-label="Posts"> <h2 class="screen-reader-text">Posts navigation</h2> <div class="nav-links"><div class="nav-previous"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/lists/page/2" >Older posts</a></div></div> </nav> </div> </main> </div> <aside id="secondary" class="widget-area"> <div id="custom_html-39" class="widget_text widget elegant-widget widget_custom_html"><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><div class="shareaholic-canvas" data-app="follow_buttons" data-app-id="28159060"></div></div></div><div id="sheknows-infuse-ad-widget-8-ad" class="sheknows-infuse-ad sheknows-infuse-widget-ad" style="min-width:120px;min-height:250px"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> blogherads.adq.push(function() { blogherads.defineSlot("flexrec", "sheknows-infuse-ad-widget-8-ad") .display(); }); </script> <div id="elegant_magazine_single_col_categorised_posts-12" class="widget elegant-widget elegant_magazine_single_col_categorised_posts"> <h2 class="widget-title"> <span>Featured</span> </h2> <div class="widget-block"> <div class="row-sm"> <div class="col col-ten base-border"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five col-image"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/taylor-swift-1989-atr10-feature"> <img width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Taylor-Swift-1989-fi-720x380.jpg" alt="Taylor Swift’s ‘1989’ Subverts Being Trapped in a Glass Castle"></a> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-details col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/all-things-reconsidered" rel="category tag">All Things Reconsidered</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/featured-top-of-home-page" rel="category tag">Featured: Top of Home Page</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/features" rel="category tag">Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music" rel="category tag">Music</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music-features" rel="category tag">Music Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/pop-past" rel="category tag">Pop Past</a></span> </div> <h3 class="article-title article-title-2"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/taylor-swift-1989-atr10-feature">Taylor Swift’s ‘1989’ Subverts Being Trapped in a Glass Castle</a> </h3> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/matthewdwyer">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/matthewdwyer" rel="author" title="Matthew Dwyer" class="author url fn">Matthew Dwyer</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 21 November 2024 </span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-ten base-border"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five col-image"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/classical-music-post-1950"> <img width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/KRONOS-QUARTET-by-Jay-Blakesberg-720x380.jpg" alt="12 Compositions to Introduce You to Classical Music Post-1950"></a> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-details col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/featured-top-of-home-page" rel="category tag">Featured: Top of Home Page</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/features" rel="category tag">Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/lists" rel="category tag">Lists</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music" rel="category tag">Music</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music-features" rel="category tag">Music Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/pop-past" rel="category tag">Pop Past</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/save-ignore-popular" rel="category tag">SAVE/ IGNORE: popular</a></span> </div> <h3 class="article-title article-title-2"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/classical-music-post-1950">12 Compositions to Introduce You to Classical Music Post-1950</a> </h3> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/robert_rubsam">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/robert_rubsam" rel="author" title="Robert Rubsam" class="author url fn">Robert Rubsam</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 21 November 2024 </span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-ten base-border"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five col-image"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/maarten-devolderes-warhaus-interview-2024"> <img width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Warhaus-2024-by-Titus-Simoens-720x380.jpg" alt="Warhaus Is the Music of Maarten Devoldere’s Subconscious"></a> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-details col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/featured-top-of-home-page" rel="category tag">Featured: Top of Home Page</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/features" rel="category tag">Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/interviews" rel="category tag">Interviews</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music" rel="category tag">Music</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music-features" rel="category tag">Music Features</a></span> </div> <h3 class="article-title article-title-2"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/maarten-devolderes-warhaus-interview-2024">Warhaus Is the Music of Maarten Devoldere’s Subconscious</a> </h3> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/brice_ezell">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/brice_ezell" rel="author" title="Brice Ezell" class="author url fn">Brice Ezell</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 20 November 2024 </span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-ten base-border"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five col-image"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/fight-club-odyssey-alienation-brotherhood"> <img width="720" height="380" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20720%20380'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="‘Fight Club’ Still Serves as an Odyssey of Alienation and Brotherhood" data-lazy-src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Fight-Club-David-Fincher-poster-excerpt-720x380.jpg"><noscript><img width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Fight-Club-David-Fincher-poster-excerpt-720x380.jpg" alt="‘Fight Club’ Still Serves as an Odyssey of Alienation and Brotherhood"></noscript></a> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-details col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/featured-top-of-home-page" rel="category tag">Featured: Top of Home Page</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/features" rel="category tag">Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/film" rel="category tag">Film</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/film/film-feature" rel="category tag">Film Feature</a></span> </div> <h3 class="article-title article-title-2"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/fight-club-odyssey-alienation-brotherhood">‘Fight Club’ Still Serves as an Odyssey of Alienation and Brotherhood</a> </h3> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/matthew-mcever">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/matthew-mcever" rel="author" title="Matthew McEver" class="author url fn">Matthew McEver</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 20 November 2024 </span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-ten base-border"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five col-image"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/carminho-fado-singer-interview-2024"> <img width="720" height="380" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20720%20380'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="Carminho Expresses Her Passion for Life Through Song" data-lazy-src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Carminho-2024-via-Nonesuch-720x380.jpg"><noscript><img width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Carminho-2024-via-Nonesuch-720x380.jpg" alt="Carminho Expresses Her Passion for Life Through Song"></noscript></a> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-details col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/featured-top-of-home-page" rel="category tag">Featured: Top of Home Page</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/features" rel="category tag">Features</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/interviews" rel="category tag">Interviews</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music" rel="category tag">Music</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music-features" rel="category tag">Music Features</a></span> </div> <h3 class="article-title article-title-2"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/carminho-fado-singer-interview-2024">Carminho Expresses Her Passion for Life Through Song</a> </h3> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/martinlipp">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/martinlipp" rel="author" title="Marty Lipp" class="author url fn">Marty Lipp</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 20 November 2024 </span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><div id="sheknows-infuse-ad-widget-9-ad" class="sheknows-infuse-ad sheknows-infuse-widget-ad" style="min-width:300px;min-height:250px"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> blogherads.adq.push(function() { blogherads.defineSlot("medrec", "sheknows-infuse-ad-widget-9-ad") .display(); }); </script> <div id="elegant_magazine_single_col_categorised_posts-16" class="widget elegant-widget elegant_magazine_single_col_categorised_posts"> <h2 class="widget-title"> <span>Publish with PopMatters</span> </h2> <div class="widget-block"> <div class="row-sm"> <div class="col col-ten base-border"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five col-image"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/call-book-reviewers-and-essayists"> <img width="720" height="380" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20720%20380'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="PopMatters Seeks Book Critics and Essayists" data-lazy-src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/AdobeStock_219599883-1-720x380.jpg"><noscript><img width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/AdobeStock_219599883-1-720x380.jpg" alt="PopMatters Seeks Book Critics and Essayists"></noscript></a> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-details col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/announcements" rel="category tag">Announcements</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/books" rel="category tag">Books</a></span> </div> <h3 class="article-title article-title-2"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/call-book-reviewers-and-essayists">PopMatters Seeks Book Critics and Essayists</a> </h3> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/zarkerpopmatters-com">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/zarkerpopmatters-com" rel="author" title="Karen Zarker" class="author url fn">Karen Zarker</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 24 January 2024 </span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-ten base-border"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five col-image"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/submit-an-essay-review-interview-or-list-to-popmatters"> <img width="720" height="380" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20720%20380'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="Submit an Essay, Review, Interview, or List to PopMatters" data-lazy-src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/wilhelm-gunkel-Bbi7f45FBxc-unsplash-720x380.jpeg"><noscript><img width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/wilhelm-gunkel-Bbi7f45FBxc-unsplash-720x380.jpeg" alt="Submit an Essay, Review, Interview, or List to PopMatters"></noscript></a> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-details col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/announcements" rel="category tag">Announcements</a></span> </div> <h3 class="article-title article-title-2"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/submit-an-essay-review-interview-or-list-to-popmatters">Submit an Essay, Review, Interview, or List to PopMatters</a> </h3> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/editorpopmatters-com">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/popmatters-staff" rel="author" title="PopMatters Staff" class="author url fn">PopMatters Staff</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 26 July 2023 </span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-ten base-border"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five col-image"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/popmatters-seeks-music-writers-critics"> <img width="720" height="380" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20720%20380'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="PopMatters Seeks Music Writers" data-lazy-src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/AFC93FCB-109D-438E-8023-0BECC8309AB5-720x380.jpeg"><noscript><img width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/AFC93FCB-109D-438E-8023-0BECC8309AB5-720x380.jpeg" alt="PopMatters Seeks Music Writers"></noscript></a> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-details col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/announcements" rel="category tag">Announcements</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music" rel="category tag">Music</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music-reviews" rel="category tag">Music Reviews</a></span> </div> <h3 class="article-title article-title-2"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/popmatters-seeks-music-writers-critics">PopMatters Seeks Music Writers</a> </h3> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/popmatters_staff">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/popmatters_staff" rel="author" title="PopMatters Staff" class="author url fn">PopMatters Staff</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 28 September 2022 </span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-ten base-border"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five col-image"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/popmatters-seeks-film-writers"> <img width="720" height="380" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20720%20380'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="PopMatters Seeks Film Critics and Essayists" data-lazy-src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/myke-simon-atsUqIm3wxo-unsplash-720x380.jpg"><noscript><img width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/myke-simon-atsUqIm3wxo-unsplash-720x380.jpg" alt="PopMatters Seeks Film Critics and Essayists"></noscript></a> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-details col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/announcements" rel="category tag">Announcements</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/film" rel="category tag">Film</a></span> </div> <h3 class="article-title article-title-2"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/popmatters-seeks-film-writers">PopMatters Seeks Film Critics and Essayists</a> </h3> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/zarkerpopmatters-com">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/zarkerpopmatters-com" rel="author" title="Karen Zarker" class="author url fn">Karen Zarker</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 28 September 2022 </span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-ten base-border"> <div class="row-sm align-items-center"> <div class="col col-five col-image"> <figure class="categorised-article"> <div class="categorised-article-item"> <div class="article-item-image"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/popmatters-seeks-television-critics-and-essayists"> <img width="720" height="380" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20720%20380'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="PopMatters Seeks Television Critics and Essayists" data-lazy-src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Image-by-Comfreak-from-Pixabay--720x380.jpg"><noscript><img width="720" height="380" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Image-by-Comfreak-from-Pixabay--720x380.jpg" alt="PopMatters Seeks Television Critics and Essayists"></noscript></a> </div> </div> </figure> </div> <div class="col col-details col-five"> <div class="figure-categories"> <span class="cat-links"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/announcements" rel="category tag">Announcements</a>/<a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/television" rel="category tag">Television</a></span> </div> <h3 class="article-title article-title-2"> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/popmatters-seeks-television-critics-and-essayists">PopMatters Seeks Television Critics and Essayists</a> </h3> <div class="grid-item-metadata"> <span class="item-metadata posts-author"> <div class="">By</div> <a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/zarkerpopmatters-com">  <span class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline multiple-authors-target-action box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1 ppma_boxes_658428" data-post_id="658428" data-instance_id="1" data-additional_class="pp-multiple-authors-layout-inline.multiple-authors-target-action" data-original_class="pp-multiple-authors-boxes-wrapper pp-multiple-authors-wrapper box-post-id-658428 box-instance-id-1"> <span class="ppma-layout-prefix"></span> <span class="ppma-author-category-wrap"> <span class="ppma-category-group ppma-category-group-1 category-index-0"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-avatar-details"> <span class="pp-author-boxes-name multiple-authors-name"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/author/zarkerpopmatters-com" rel="author" title="Karen Zarker" class="author url fn">Karen Zarker</a></span> </span> </span> </span> <span class="ppma-layout-suffix"></span> </span>  <style></style> </a> <span class="slash">/</span> <span class="item-metadata posts-date"> 28 September 2022 </span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><div id="sheknows-infuse-ad-widget-11-ad" class="sheknows-infuse-ad sheknows-infuse-widget-ad" style="min-width:120px;min-height:250px"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> blogherads.adq.push(function() { blogherads.defineSlot("flexrec", "sheknows-infuse-ad-widget-11-ad") .display(); }); </script> <div id="custom_html-34" class="widget_text widget elegant-widget widget_custom_html"><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><br>  <br>  <br> </div></div></aside> </div> <footer data-wpr-lazyrender="1" class="site-footer"> <div class="primary-footer"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="primary-footer-area footer-first-widgets-section col-md-3 col-sm-12"> <section class="widget-area"> <div id="nav_menu-2" class="widget elegant-widget widget_nav_menu"><h2 class="widget-title widget-title-1">About</h2><div class="menu-about-container"><ul id="menu-about" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-635213" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-635213"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/masthead">Masthead</a></li> <li id="menu-item-91781" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-91781"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/submission-guidelines">Submission Guidelines</a></li> <li id="menu-item-91789" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-91789"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/about-popmatters">Mission</a></li> </ul></div></div> </section> </div> <div class="primary-footer-area footer-second-widgets-section col-md-3 col-sm-12"> <section class="widget-area"> <div id="nav_menu-3" class="widget elegant-widget widget_nav_menu"><h2 class="widget-title widget-title-1">Biz</h2><div class="menu-biz-container"><ul id="menu-biz" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-635220" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-635220"><a href="https://popmatters.com/advertising-on-popmatters-2501866044.html">Advertising</a></li> <li id="menu-item-91900" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-privacy-policy menu-item-91900"><a rel="privacy-policy" href="https://www.popmatters.com/pm-privacy-policy">Privacy Policy</a></li> </ul></div></div> </section> </div> <div class="primary-footer-area footer-third-widgets-section col-md-3 col-sm-12"> <section class="widget-area"> <div id="nav_menu-4" class="widget elegant-widget widget_nav_menu"><h2 class="widget-title widget-title-1">Follow Us</h2><div class="menu-social-menu-container"><ul id="menu-social-menu" class="menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-52"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/popmatters/">Facebook</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-53"><a href="https://twitter.com/popmatters">Twitter</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-56"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/popmatters/">Instagram</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-633492"><a href="https://open.spotify.com/user/popmatters">Spotify</a></li> </ul></div></div> </section> </div> <div class="primary-footer-area footer-fourth-widgets-section col-md-3 col-sm-12"> <section class="widget-area"> <div id="nav_menu-5" class="widget elegant-widget widget_nav_menu"><h2 class="widget-title widget-title-1">Categories</h2><div class="menu-sections-container"><ul id="menu-sections" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-633478" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-633478"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/music">Music</a></li> <li id="menu-item-633479" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-633479"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/film">Film</a></li> <li id="menu-item-633480" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-633480"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/television">Television</a></li> <li id="menu-item-633481" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-633481"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/books">Books</a></li> <li id="menu-item-633484" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-633484"><a href="https://www.popmatters.com/category/culture">Culture</a></li> </ul></div></div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site-info"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> 漏 1999-2024 PopMatters LLC. All rights reserved. PopMatters is wholly independent, women-owned and operated. </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <a id="scroll-up" class="secondary-color"> <i class="fa fa-angle-up"></i> </a> <style id='multiple-authors-widget-css-inline-css' type='text/css'></style> <script type="text/javascript" id="rocket-browser-checker-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ "use strict";var _createClass=function(){function defineProperties(target,props){for(var i=0;i<props.length;i++){var descriptor=props[i];descriptor.enumerable=descriptor.enumerable||!1,descriptor.configurable=!0,"value"in descriptor&&(descriptor.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(target,descriptor.key,descriptor)}}return function(Constructor,protoProps,staticProps){return protoProps&&defineProperties(Constructor.prototype,protoProps),staticProps&&defineProperties(Constructor,staticProps),Constructor}}();function _classCallCheck(instance,Constructor){if(!(instance instanceof Constructor))throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function")}var RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker=function(){function RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker(options){_classCallCheck(this,RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker),this.passiveSupported=!1,this._checkPassiveOption(this),this.options=!!this.passiveSupported&&options}return _createClass(RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker,[{key:"_checkPassiveOption",value:function(self){try{var options={get passive(){return!(self.passiveSupported=!0)}};window.addEventListener("test",null,options),window.removeEventListener("test",null,options)}catch(err){self.passiveSupported=!1}}},{key:"initRequestIdleCallback",value:function(){!1 in window&&(window.requestIdleCallback=function(cb){var start=Date.now();return setTimeout(function(){cb({didTimeout:!1,timeRemaining:function(){return Math.max(0,50-(Date.now()-start))}})},1)}),!1 in window&&(window.cancelIdleCallback=function(id){return clearTimeout(id)})}},{key:"isDataSaverModeOn",value:function(){return"connection"in navigator&&!0===navigator.connection.saveData}},{key:"supportsLinkPrefetch",value:function(){var elem=document.createElement("link");return elem.relList&&elem.relList.supports&&elem.relList.supports("prefetch")&&window.IntersectionObserver&&"isIntersecting"in IntersectionObserverEntry.prototype}},{key:"isSlowConnection",value:function(){return"connection"in navigator&&"effectiveType"in navigator.connection&&("2g"===navigator.connection.effectiveType||"slow-2g"===navigator.connection.effectiveType)}}]),RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker}(); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="rocket-preload-links-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var RocketPreloadLinksConfig = {"excludeUris":"\/sitemap.xml|\/sitemap.html|\/ads.txt|\/(?:.+\/)?feed(?:\/(?:.+\/?)?)?$|\/(?:.+\/)?embed\/|\/(index.php\/)?(.*)wp-json(\/.*|$)|\/refer\/|\/go\/|\/recommend\/|\/recommends\/","usesTrailingSlash":"","imageExt":"jpg|jpeg|gif|png|tiff|bmp|webp|avif|pdf|doc|docx|xls|xlsx|php","fileExt":"jpg|jpeg|gif|png|tiff|bmp|webp|avif|pdf|doc|docx|xls|xlsx|php|html|htm","siteUrl":"https:\/\/www.popmatters.com","onHoverDelay":"100","rateThrottle":"3"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="rocket-preload-links-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ (function() { "use strict";var r="function"==typeof Symbol&&"symbol"==typeof Symbol.iterator?function(e){return typeof e}:function(e){return e&&"function"==typeof Symbol&&e.constructor===Symbol&&e!==Symbol.prototype?"symbol":typeof e},e=function(){function i(e,t){for(var n=0;n<t.length;n++){var i=t[n];i.enumerable=i.enumerable||!1,i.configurable=!0,"value"in i&&(i.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(e,i.key,i)}}return function(e,t,n){return t&&i(e.prototype,t),n&&i(e,n),e}}();function i(e,t){if(!(e instanceof t))throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function")}var t=function(){function n(e,t){i(this,n),this.browser=e,this.config=t,this.options=this.browser.options,this.prefetched=new Set,this.eventTime=null,this.threshold=1111,this.numOnHover=0}return e(n,[{key:"init",value:function(){!this.browser.supportsLinkPrefetch()||this.browser.isDataSaverModeOn()||this.browser.isSlowConnection()||(this.regex={excludeUris:RegExp(this.config.excludeUris,"i"),images:RegExp(".("+this.config.imageExt+")$","i"),fileExt:RegExp(".("+this.config.fileExt+")$","i")},this._initListeners(this))}},{key:"_initListeners",value:function(e){-1<this.config.onHoverDelay&&document.addEventListener("mouseover",e.listener.bind(e),e.listenerOptions),document.addEventListener("mousedown",e.listener.bind(e),e.listenerOptions),document.addEventListener("touchstart",e.listener.bind(e),e.listenerOptions)}},{key:"listener",value:function(e){var t=e.target.closest("a"),n=this._prepareUrl(t);if(null!==n)switch(e.type){case"mousedown":case"touchstart":this._addPrefetchLink(n);break;case"mouseover":this._earlyPrefetch(t,n,"mouseout")}}},{key:"_earlyPrefetch",value:function(t,e,n){var i=this,r=setTimeout(function(){if(r=null,0===i.numOnHover)setTimeout(function(){return i.numOnHover=0},1e3);else if(i.numOnHover>i.config.rateThrottle)return;i.numOnHover++,i._addPrefetchLink(e)},this.config.onHoverDelay);t.addEventListener(n,function e(){t.removeEventListener(n,e,{passive:!0}),null!==r&&(clearTimeout(r),r=null)},{passive:!0})}},{key:"_addPrefetchLink",value:function(i){return this.prefetched.add(i.href),new Promise(function(e,t){var n=document.createElement("link");n.rel="prefetch",n.href=i.href,n.onload=e,n.onerror=t,document.head.appendChild(n)}).catch(function(){})}},{key:"_prepareUrl",value:function(e){if(null===e||"object"!==(void 0===e?"undefined":r(e))||!1 in e||-1===["http:","https:"].indexOf(e.protocol))return null;var t=e.href.substring(0,this.config.siteUrl.length),n=this._getPathname(e.href,t),i={original:e.href,protocol:e.protocol,origin:t,pathname:n,href:t+n};return this._isLinkOk(i)?i:null}},{key:"_getPathname",value:function(e,t){var n=t?e.substring(this.config.siteUrl.length):e;return n.startsWith("/")||(n="/"+n),this._shouldAddTrailingSlash(n)?n+"/":n}},{key:"_shouldAddTrailingSlash",value:function(e){return this.config.usesTrailingSlash&&!e.endsWith("/")&&!this.regex.fileExt.test(e)}},{key:"_isLinkOk",value:function(e){return null!==e&&"object"===(void 0===e?"undefined":r(e))&&(!this.prefetched.has(e.href)&&e.origin===this.config.siteUrl&&-1===e.href.indexOf("?")&&-1===e.href.indexOf("#")&&!this.regex.excludeUris.test(e.href)&&!this.regex.images.test(e.href))}}],[{key:"run",value:function(){"undefined"!=typeof RocketPreloadLinksConfig&&new n(new RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker({capture:!0,passive:!0}),RocketPreloadLinksConfig).init()}}]),n}();t.run(); }()); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/js/navigation.js?ver=20151215" id="elegant-magazine-navigation-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/js/skip-link-focus-fix.js?ver=20151215" id="elegant-magazine-skip-link-focus-fix-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/slick/js/slick.min.js?ver=a03c87c4413a77f0882a4bce7a9d7b61" id="slick-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.min.js?ver=a03c87c4413a77f0882a4bce7a9d7b61" id="bootstrap-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/sidr/js/jquery.sidr.min.js?ver=a03c87c4413a77f0882a4bce7a9d7b61" id="sidr-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/magnific-popup/jquery.magnific-popup.min.js?ver=a03c87c4413a77f0882a4bce7a9d7b61" id="magnific-popup-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/slider-pro/js/jquery.sliderPro.min.js?ver=a03c87c4413a77f0882a4bce7a9d7b61" id="sliderpro-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/jquery-match-height/jquery.matchHeight.min.js?ver=a03c87c4413a77f0882a4bce7a9d7b61" id="matchheight-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/lib/marquee/jquery.marquee.js?ver=a03c87c4413a77f0882a4bce7a9d7b61" id="marquee-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/lib/theiaStickySidebar/theia-sticky-sidebar.min.js?ver=a03c87c4413a77f0882a4bce7a9d7b61" id="sticky-sidebar-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/themes/elegant-magazine-pro/assets/script.js?ver=a03c87c4413a77f0882a4bce7a9d7b61" id="elegant-magazine-script-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/plugins/mystickysidebar-pro/js/detectmobilebrowser.js?ver=1.2.3" id="detectmobilebrowser-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="mystickysidebar-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var mystickyside_name = {"mystickyside_string":"#secondary","mystickyside_content_string":"#sidebar","mystickyside_margin_top_string":"90","mystickyside_margin_bot_string":"0","mystickyside_update_sidebar_height_string":"false","mystickyside_min_width_string":"500","device_desktop":"1","device_mobile":"1"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/plugins/mystickysidebar-pro/js/theia-sticky-sidebar.js?ver=1.2.3" id="mystickysidebar-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script>window.lazyLoadOptions=[{elements_selector:"img[data-lazy-src],.rocket-lazyload,iframe[data-lazy-src]",data_src:"lazy-src",data_srcset:"lazy-srcset",data_sizes:"lazy-sizes",class_loading:"lazyloading",class_loaded:"lazyloaded",threshold:300,callback_loaded:function(element){if(element.tagName==="IFRAME"&&element.dataset.rocketLazyload=="fitvidscompatible"){if(element.classList.contains("lazyloaded")){if(typeof window.jQuery!="undefined"){if(jQuery.fn.fitVids){jQuery(element).parent().fitVids()}}}}}},{elements_selector:".rocket-lazyload",data_src:"lazy-src",data_srcset:"lazy-srcset",data_sizes:"lazy-sizes",class_loading:"lazyloading",class_loaded:"lazyloaded",threshold:300,}];window.addEventListener('LazyLoad::Initialized',function(e){var lazyLoadInstance=e.detail.instance;if(window.MutationObserver){var observer=new MutationObserver(function(mutations){var image_count=0;var iframe_count=0;var rocketlazy_count=0;mutations.forEach(function(mutation){for(var i=0;i<mutation.addedNodes.length;i++){if(typeof mutation.addedNodes[i].getElementsByTagName!=='function'){continue} if(typeof mutation.addedNodes[i].getElementsByClassName!=='function'){continue} images=mutation.addedNodes[i].getElementsByTagName('img');is_image=mutation.addedNodes[i].tagName=="IMG";iframes=mutation.addedNodes[i].getElementsByTagName('iframe');is_iframe=mutation.addedNodes[i].tagName=="IFRAME";rocket_lazy=mutation.addedNodes[i].getElementsByClassName('rocket-lazyload');image_count+=images.length;iframe_count+=iframes.length;rocketlazy_count+=rocket_lazy.length;if(is_image){image_count+=1} if(is_iframe){iframe_count+=1}}});if(image_count>0||iframe_count>0||rocketlazy_count>0){lazyLoadInstance.update()}});var b=document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0];var config={childList:!0,subtree:!0};observer.observe(b,config)}},!1)</script><script data-no-minify="1" async src="https://www.popmatters.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-rocket/assets/js/lazyload/17.8.3/lazyload.min.js"></script><script>function lazyLoadThumb(e,alt,l){var t='<img data-lazy-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/ID/hqdefault.jpg" alt="" width="480" height="360"><noscript><img src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/ID/hqdefault.jpg" alt="" width="480" height="360"></noscript>',a='<button class="play" aria-label="play Youtube video"></button>';if(l){t=t.replace('data-lazy-','');t=t.replace('loading="lazy"','');t=t.replace(/<noscript>.*?<\/noscript>/g,'');}t=t.replace('alt=""','alt="'+alt+'"');return t.replace("ID",e)+a}function lazyLoadYoutubeIframe(){var e=document.createElement("iframe"),t="ID?autoplay=1";t+=0===this.parentNode.dataset.query.length?"":"&"+this.parentNode.dataset.query;e.setAttribute("src",t.replace("ID",this.parentNode.dataset.src)),e.setAttribute("frameborder","0"),e.setAttribute("allowfullscreen","1"),e.setAttribute("allow","accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture"),this.parentNode.parentNode.replaceChild(e,this.parentNode)}document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){var exclusions=[];var e,t,p,u,l,a=document.getElementsByClassName("rll-youtube-player");for(t=0;t<a.length;t++)(e=document.createElement("div")),(u='https://i.ytimg.com/vi/ID/hqdefault.jpg'),(u=u.replace('ID',a[t].dataset.id)),(l=exclusions.some(exclusion=>u.includes(exclusion))),e.setAttribute("data-id",a[t].dataset.id),e.setAttribute("data-query",a[t].dataset.query),e.setAttribute("data-src",a[t].dataset.src),(e.innerHTML=lazyLoadThumb(a[t].dataset.id,a[t].dataset.alt,l)),a[t].appendChild(e),(p=e.querySelector(".play")),(p.onclick=lazyLoadYoutubeIframe)});</script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Lists | PopMatters