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éischte Weltkrich</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Den_éischte_Weltkrich-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fréi_Beruffsjoren" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fréi_Beruffsjoren"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Fréi Beruffsjoren</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fréi_Beruffsjoren-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Hobbit_an_The_Lord_of_the_Rings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Hobbit_an_The_Lord_of_the_Rings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span><i>The Hobbit</i> an <i>The Lord of the Rings</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Hobbit_an_The_Lord_of_the_Rings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lescht_Joren" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lescht_Joren"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Lescht Joren</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lescht_Joren-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Säi_Wierk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Säi_Wierk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Säi Wierk</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Säi_Wierk-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Ënner-Abschnitt Säi Wierk wiesselen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Säi_Wierk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Akadeemesch_Wierker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Akadeemesch_Wierker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Akadeemesch Wierker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Akadeemesch_Wierker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prosawierker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prosawierker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Prosawierker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prosawierker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lyrik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lyrik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Lyrik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lyrik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verschiddenes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verschiddenes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Verschiddenes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verschiddenes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatur_zum_Theema" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatur_zum_Theema"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Literatur zum Theema</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatur_zum_Theema-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kuckt_och" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kuckt_och"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kuckt och</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kuckt_och-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Um_Spaweck" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Um_Spaweck"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Um Spaweck</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Um_Spaweck-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhalter" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhaltsverzeechnes wiesselen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhaltsverzeechnes wiesselen</span> </label> <div 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R. R. Tolkien</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Op en Artikel an enger anerer Sprooch wiesselen. Disponibel an 154 Sproochen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-154" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">154 Sproochen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.R.R._Tolkien" title="J.R.R. Tolkien - Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="J.R.R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Schwäizerdäitsch" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Schwäizerdäitsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%B6%E1%88%8D%E1%8A%AA%E1%8B%A8%E1%8A%95" title="ቶልኪየን - Amharesch" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቶልኪየን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Inari-Lappesch" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari-Lappesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87._%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0._%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0._%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8" title="जे. आर. आर. टोल्कियन - Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="जे. आर. आर. टोल्कियन" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Alenglesch" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Alenglesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%86" title="جون رونالد تولكين - Arabesch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جون رونالد تولكين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.R.R._Tolkien" title="J.R.R. Tolkien - Aragonesesch" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="J.R.R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonesesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%83%D5%B8%D5%B6_%D5%8C%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%BF_%D5%8C%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A7%D5%AC_%D4%B9%D5%B8%D5%AC%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%B6" title="Ճոն Ռոնալտ Ռուէլ Թոլքին - Westarmenisch" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ճոն Ռոնալտ Ռուէլ Թոլքին" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Westarmenisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ronald_Reuel_Tolkien" title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien - Asturianesch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturianesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87._%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0._%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0._%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8" title="जे. आर. आर. टोल्कियन - Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="जे. आर. आर. टोल्कियन" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R_Tolkien" title="J. R. R Tolkien - Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="J. R. R Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Толкин, Джон Роналд Руэл - Awaresch" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Толкин, Джон Роналд Руэл" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Awaresch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Con_Tolkin" title="Con Tolkin - Aserbaidschanesch" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Con Tolkin" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Aserbaidschanesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C._%D8%A2%D8%B1._%D8%A2%D8%B1._%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86" title="جی. آر. آر. تالکین - Südaserbaidschanisch" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جی. آر. آر. تالکین" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="Südaserbaidschanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87._%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0._%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0._%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8" title="জে. আর. আর. টলকিন - Bengalesch" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জে. আর. আর. টলকিন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Min-Nan-Chinesesch" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min-Nan-Chinesesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BB_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Джон Рональд Руэл Толкин - Baschkiresch" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Джон Рональд Руэл Толкин" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baschkiresch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BB_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Джон Рональд Руэл Толкін - Wäissrussesch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джон Рональд Руэл Толкін" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Wäissrussesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BB_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Джон Рональд Руэл Толкін - Weißrussisch (Taraschkewiza)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Джон Рональд Руэл Толкін" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Weißrussisch (Taraschkewiza)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6._%D0%A0._%D0%A0._%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Дж. Р. Р. Толкин - Bulgaresch" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Дж. Р. Р. Толкин" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaresch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Bosnesch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ronald_Reuel_Tolkien" title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien - Bretonesch" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Qualitéits-Artikel"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Katalanesch" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BB_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Джон Рональд Руэл Толкин - Tschuwaschesch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Джон Рональд Руэл Толкин" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tschuwaschesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ronald_Reuel_Tolkien" title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien - Tschechesch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tschechesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Walisesch" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Walisesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommandéierten Artikel"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.R.R._Tolkien" title="J.R.R. Tolkien - Dänesch" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="J.R.R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dänesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%86" title="جون رونالد رويل تولكين - Marokkanescht Arabesch" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="جون رونالد رويل تولكين" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Marokkanescht Arabesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Nordsamesch" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Nordsamesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Qualitéits-Artikel"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Däitsch" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Däitsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Niddersorbesch" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Niddersorbesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Estnesch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B6._%CE%A1._%CE%A1._%CE%A4%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BD" title="Τζ. Ρ. Ρ. Τόλκιν - Griichesch" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τζ. Ρ. Ρ. Τόλκιν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Griichesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Qualitéits-Artikel"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Englesch" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Englesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Spuenesch" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spuenesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="gudden Artikel"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ronald_Reuel_Tolkien" title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Extremaduresch" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduresch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Baskesch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C._%D8%A2%D8%B1._%D8%A2%D8%B1._%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86" title="جی. آر. آر. تالکین - Persesch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جی. آر. آر. تالکین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Färöesch" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Färöesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="gudden Artikel"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Franséisch" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Franséisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.R.R._Tolkien" title="J.R.R. Tolkien - Westfriesesch" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="J.R.R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Westfriesesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Iresch" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iresch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Schottescht Gällesch" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Schottescht Gällesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Qualitéits-Artikel"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Galizesch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galizesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.R.R._Tolkien" title="J.R.R. Tolkien - Goan-Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="J.R.R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan-Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Hakka-Chinesesch" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka-Chinesesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._%ED%86%A8%ED%82%A8" title="J. R. R. 톨킨 - Koreanesch" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="J. R. R. 톨킨" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreanesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%B8%D5%B6_%D5%8C%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%A4_%D5%8C%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A5%D5%AC_%D4%B9%D5%B8%D5%AC%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%B6" title="Ջոն Ռոնալդ Ռուել Թոլքին - Armenesch" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջոն Ռոնալդ Ռուել Թոլքին" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87%E0%A5%B0%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%B0%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%B0_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" title="जे॰आर॰आर॰ टोल्किन - Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जे॰आर॰आर॰ टोल्किन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Uewersorbesch" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Uewersorbesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ronald_Reuel_Tolkien" title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien - Kroatesch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.R.R._Tolkien" title="J.R.R. Tolkien - Ido-Sprooch" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="J.R.R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido-Sprooch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Ilokano-Sprooch" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Ilokano-Sprooch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.R.R._Tolkien" title="J.R.R. Tolkien - Indonesesch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="J.R.R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Толкин, Джон Рональд Руэл - Ossetesch" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Толкин, Джон Рональд Руэл" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Islännesch" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islännesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Italienesch" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italienesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27._%D7%A8._%D7%A8._%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%9F" title="ג'. ר. ר. טולקין - Hebräesch" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'. ר. ר. טולקין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebräesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Javanesch" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D," title="ಜಾನ್ ರೊನಾಲ್ದ್ ರಿಯುಲ್ ಟೊಲ್ಕಿನ್, - Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜಾನ್ ರೊನಾಲ್ದ್ ರಿಯುಲ್ ಟೊಲ್ಕಿನ್," data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%93_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ჯონ რონალდ რუელ ტოლკინი - Georgesch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჯონ რონალდ რუელ ტოლკინი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BB_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Джон Роналд Руэл Толкин - Kasachesch" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Джон Роналд Руэл Толкин" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kasachesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Kornesch" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.R.R._Tolkien" title="J.R.R. Tolkien - Suaheli" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="J.R.R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Suaheli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Kurdesch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96._%D0%A0._%D0%A0._%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Ж. Р. Р. Толкин - Kirgisesch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ж. Р. Р. Толкин" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgisesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Толкин, Джон Рональд Руэл - West-Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Толкин, Джон Рональд Руэл" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="West-Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Ladinisch" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladinisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ronald_Reuel_Tolkien" title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien - Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iohannes_Raginualdus_Raguel_Tolkien" title="Iohannes Raginualdus Raguel Tolkien - Latäin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Iohannes Raginualdus Raguel Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latäin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEons_Ronalds_R%C5%ABels_Tolk%C4%ABns" title="Džons Ronalds Rūels Tolkīns - Lettesch" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Džons Ronalds Rūels Tolkīns" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lettesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ronald_Reuel_Tolkien" title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien - Litauesch" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litauesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.R.R._Tolkien" title="J.R.R. Tolkien - Limburgesch" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="J.R.R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/jyryrys._tolkien" title="jyryrys. tolkien - Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="jyryrys. tolkien" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ronald_Reuel_Tolkien" title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien - Lombardesch" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Ungaresch" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Ungaresch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87._%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0._%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0._%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8" title="जे. आर. आर. टोल्कियन - Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="जे. आर. आर. टोल्कियन" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Qualitéits-Artikel"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F._%D0%A0._%D0%A0._%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Џ. Р. Р. Толкин - Mazedonesch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Џ. Р. Р. Толкин" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Mazedonesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Malagassi-Sprooch" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagassi-Sprooch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%86.%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BC.%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BC._%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%80%E0%B5%BB" title="ജെ.ആർ.ആർ. റ്റോൾകീൻ - Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജെ.ആർ.ആർ. റ്റോൾകീൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87.%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0.%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0._%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8" title="जे.आर.आर. टॉल्कीन - Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="जे.आर.आर. टॉल्कीन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%93_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ჯონ რონალდ რუელ ტოლკინი - Mingrelesch Sprooch" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჯონ რონალდ რუელ ტოლკინი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelesch Sprooch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%86" title="جون رونالد تولكين - Egyptescht Arabesch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جون رونالد تولكين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptescht Arabesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%84_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86" title="جان رونالد روئل تالکین - Mazandarani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="جان رونالد روئل تالکین" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazandarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Malaiesch" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malaiesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Жон Толкин - Mongolesch" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Жон Толкин" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B1_%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC_%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC_%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="ဂျေ အာ အာ တော်ကီးန် - Birmanesch" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂျေ အာ အာ တော်ကီးန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmanesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.R.R._Tolkien" title="J.R.R. Tolkien - Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="J.R.R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.R.R._Tolkien" title="J.R.R. Tolkien - Hollännesch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="J.R.R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Hollännesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.R.R._Tolkien" title="J.R.R. Tolkien - Niedersächsisch" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="J.R.R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Niedersächsisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8" title="जे आर आर टोल्किएन - Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="जे आर आर टोल्किएन" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%E3%83%BBR%E3%83%BBR%E3%83%BB%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AD%E3%83%B3" title="J・R・R・トールキン - Japanesch" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="J・R・R・トールキン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Толкиен, Джон Роналд Руэл - Tschetschenesch" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Толкиен, Джон Роналд Руэл" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tschetschenesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Nordfriesesch" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Nordfriesesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.R.R._Tolkien" title="J.R.R. Tolkien - Norwegesch Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="J.R.R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegesch Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.R.R._Tolkien" title="J.R.R. Tolkien - Norwegesch Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="J.R.R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegesch Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ronald_Reuel_Tolkien" title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien - Okzitanesch" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Okzitanesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Usbekesch" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Usbekesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A8" title="ਜੇ ਆਰ ਆਰ ਟੋਲਕੀਅਨ - Pandschabesch" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜੇ ਆਰ ਆਰ ਟੋਲਕੀਅਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandschabesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%88_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%84_%D9%B9%D9%88%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86" title="جان رونالڈ روئل ٹولکین - Westliches Panjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جان رونالڈ روئل ٹولکین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Westliches Panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%89_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%DB%90%D9%84_%D9%BC%D9%88%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86" title="جان رونالډ ریوېل ټولکین - Paschtu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="جان رونالډ ریوېل ټولکین" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Paschtu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ronald_Reuel_Tolkien" title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien - Piemontesesch" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piemontesesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Nidderdäitsch" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nidderdäitsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="gudden Artikel"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.R.R._Tolkien" title="J.R.R. Tolkien - Polnesch" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="J.R.R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polnesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Portugisesch" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugisesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Con_Ronald_Ruel_Tolkin" title="Con Ronald Ruel Tolkin - Krimtataresch" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Con Ronald Ruel Tolkin" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Krimtataresch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Rumänesch" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumänesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ronald_Reuel_Tolkien" title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien - Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%94%D0%BB_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Джон Роналд Руєл Толкин - Russinesch" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Джон Роналд Руєл Толкин" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Russinesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Толкин, Джон Рональд Руэл - Russesch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Толкин, Джон Рональд Руэл" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Толкин Джон Рональд Руэл - Jakutesch" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Толкин Джон Рональд Руэл" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakutesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Qualitéits-Artikel"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Sardesch" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Schottesch" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schottesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Albanesch" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ronald_Reuel_Tolkien" title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien - Sizilianesch" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sizilianesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%9A.%E0%B6%86%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A.%E0%B6%86%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A._%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="ජේ.ආර්.ආර්. ටෝල්කීන් - Singhalesesch" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජේ.ආර්.ආර්. ටෝල්කීන්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Singhalesesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - einfaches Englisch" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="einfaches Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Qualitéits-Artikel"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Slowakesch" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowakesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ronald_Reuel_Tolkien" title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien - Slowenesch" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slowenesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8A_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%83%D1%94%D0%BB%D1%8A_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8A" title="Джонъ Роналдъ Роуєлъ Толкинъ - Kiercheslawesch" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Джонъ Роналдъ Роуєлъ Толкинъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Kiercheslawesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ronald_Reuel_Tolkien" title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien - Schlesesch" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="John Ronald Reuel Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Schlesesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%95%DB%8C_%D8%A6%D8%A7%DA%95_%D8%A6%D8%A7%DA%95_%D8%AA%DB%86%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86" title="جەی ئاڕ ئاڕ تۆلکین - Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="جەی ئاڕ ئاڕ تۆلکین" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F._%D0%A0._%D0%A0._%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Џ. Р. Р. Толкин - Serbesch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Џ. Р. Р. Толкин" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Serbo-Kroatesch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroatesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommandéierten Artikel"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Finnesch" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="gudden Artikel"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.R.R._Tolkien" title="J.R.R. Tolkien - Schwedesch" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="J.R.R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Schwedesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Dagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Dagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9C%E0%AF%87._%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D._%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D._%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="ஜே. ஆர். ஆர். டோல்கீன் - Tamilesch" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஜே. ஆர். ஆர். டோல்கீன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Qualitéits-Artikel"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BB_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Джон Рональд Руэл Толкин - Tataresch" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Джон Рональд Руэл Толкин" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataresch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%86.%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D.%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D.%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="జె.ఆర్.ఆర్.టోల్కీన్ - Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జె.ఆర్.ఆర్.టోల్కీన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Qualitéits-Artikel"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88._%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C._%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C._%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99" title="เจ. อาร์. อาร์. โทลคีน - Thailännesch" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เจ. อาร์. อาร์. โทลคีน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thailännesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Tierkesch" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tierkesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/D.R.R._Tolkin" title="D.R.R. Tolkin - Turkmenesch" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="D.R.R. Tolkin" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmenesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="gudden Artikel"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Джон Рональд Руел Толкін - Ukrainesch" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джон Рональд Руел Толкін" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%88_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%84_%D9%B9%D9%88%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86" title="جان رونالڈ روئل ٹولکین - Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جان رونالڈ روئل ٹولکین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Vietnamesesch" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamesesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolkieni_John_Ronald_Reuel" title="Tolkieni John Ronald Reuel - Voro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Tolkieni John Ronald Reuel" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Voro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%89%98%E7%88%BE%E9%87%91" title="托爾金 - Klassescht Chinesesch" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="托爾金" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Klassescht Chinesesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="J. R. R. Tolkien" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C2%B7R%C2%B7R%C2%B7%E6%89%98%E5%B0%94%E9%87%91" title="J·R·R·托尔金 - Wu-Chinesesch" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="J·R·R·托尔金" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Chinesesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien - Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="J. R. R. 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Tolkien</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lb" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold"><span class="fn">J. R. R. Tolkien</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:J._R._R._Tolkien,_ca._1925.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/J._R._R._Tolkien%2C_ca._1925.jpg/200px-J._R._R._Tolkien%2C_ca._1925.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/J._R._R._Tolkien%2C_ca._1925.jpg/300px-J._R._R._Tolkien%2C_ca._1925.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/J._R._R._Tolkien%2C_ca._1925.jpg/400px-J._R._R._Tolkien%2C_ca._1925.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="2400" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Pseudonym</th><td class="nickname"> Oxymore</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Gebuer</th><td> <a href="/wiki/3._Januar" title="3. Januar">3. Januar</a> <a href="/wiki/1892" title="1892">1892</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Bloemfontein" title="Bloemfontein">Bloemfontein</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Gestuerwen</th><td> <a href="/wiki/2._September" title="2. September">2. September</a> <a href="/wiki/1973" title="1973">1973</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Bournemouth" title="Bournemouth">Bournemouth</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Doudesursaach</th><td> Schwier</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Nationalitéit</th><td class="category"> <a href="/wiki/Vereenegt_Kinnekr%C3%A4ich" title="Vereenegt Kinnekräich">Vereenegt Kinnekräich</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Educatioun</th><td> <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9it_vun_Oxford" title="Universitéit vun Oxford">University of Oxford</a>,<br />Exeter College</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Aktivitéit</th><td class="role"> Linguist, Dichter, Universitéitsprofesser, Kannerbuchauteur, Iwwersetzer, Literaturkritiker, Essayist, Offizéier, Auteur, <a href="/wiki/Schr%C3%ABftsteller" title="Schrëftsteller">Schrëftsteller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Historiker" title="Historiker">Historiker</a>, Illustrateur, Enseignant, Prosaist, Philolog, Romancier</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Member vun</th><td class="org"> Royal Society of Literature</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q892"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Wikidata-logo-without-paddings.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo-without-paddings.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Wikidata-logo-without-paddings.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo-without-paddings.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Wikidata-logo-without-paddings.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo-without-paddings.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="316" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Den <b>John Ronald Reuel Tolkien</b>, gebuer den <a href="/wiki/3._Januar" title="3. Januar">3. Januar</a> <a href="/wiki/1892" title="1892">1892</a> zu <a href="/wiki/Bloemfontein" title="Bloemfontein">Bloemfontein</a>, haitegt <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCdafrika" title="Südafrika">Südafrika</a>, a gestuerwen den <a href="/wiki/2._September" title="2. September">2. September</a> <a href="/wiki/1973" title="1973">1973</a> zu <a href="/wiki/Bournemouth" title="Bournemouth">Bournemouth</a>, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>, war en englesche <a href="/wiki/Schr%C3%ABftsteller" title="Schrëftsteller">Schrëftsteller</a> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philologie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philologie (Säit gëtt et net)">Philolog</a>. Mam Roman <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="The Lord of the Rings">The Lord of the Rings</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/1954" title="1954">1954</a>/<a href="/wiki/1955" title="1955">55</a>) gouf hien zu engem Grënner vun der moderner <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fantasy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fantasy (Säit gëtt et net)">Fantasy</a>-Literatur. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Säi_Liewen"><span id="S.C3.A4i_Liewen"></span>Säi Liewen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Abschnitt änneren: Säi Liewen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&action=edit&section=1" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Säi Liewen"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kandheet_a_Jugend">Kandheet a Jugend</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Abschnitt änneren: Kandheet a Jugend" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&action=edit&section=2" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Kandheet a Jugend"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Den J. R. R. Tolkien kënnt am Joer 1892 als Jong vun engleschen Elteren, dem Bankmanager Arthur Tolkien a senger Fra Mabel Suffield, zu <a href="/wiki/Bloemfontein" title="Bloemfontein">Bloemfontein</a> am <a href="/wiki/Oranje-Fr%C3%A4istaat" title="Oranje-Fräistaat">Oranje-Fräistaat</a> (haut <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCdafrika" title="Südafrika">Südafrika</a>) op d'Welt, wou sech säi Papp aus beruffleche Grënn opgehalen huet. D'Famill vum Papp huet <a href="/wiki/Sachsen" title="Sachsen">sächsesch</a> Wuerzelen (den Numm Tolkien kënnt vum däitsche Wuert <i>tollkühn</i>), mä huet awer schonn zanter e puer Generatiounen an England gewunnt. Déi meescht Virfahre vum Tolkien waren Handwierker. </p><p>A senger fréier Kandheet ass bis op de Bass vun enger <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vugelspannen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vugelspannen (Säit gëtt et net)">Vugelspann</a>, wat e méiglechen Ausléiser dofir kéint sinn, datt a senge Wierker ëmmer nees Risespannen optrieden, net vill geschitt. <a href="/wiki/1895" title="1895">1895</a> kënnt hie mat senger Mamm, déi dat afrikanescht Klima net gutt verdréit, a sengem Brudder Hilary (*<a href="/wiki/1894" title="1894">1894</a>) fir eng Vakanz op <a href="/w/index.php?title=Birmingham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Birmingham (Säit gëtt et net)">Birmingham</a> (<a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>). Do krut seng Mamm am Joer drops d'Noriicht vum Doud vun hirem Mann, deen u schwéiere bannenzege Bluddunge gestuerwe war. D'Famill ass doropshin op Sarehole Mill geplënnert, e Faubourg vu Birmingham, deen zu deem Zäitpunkt nach vun der <a href="/w/index.php?title=Industrialis%C3%A9ierung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Industrialiséierung (Säit gëtt et net)">Industrialiséierung</a> verschount bliwwe war. Déi nächst véier Joer verbréngt den Tolkien an dëser ländlecher Idyll, déi spéider d'literaresch Virlag fir de Shire sollt ginn. Do héiert hien och fir d'éischt d'Wuert <i>Gamgee</i> fir <a href="/wiki/Kotteng" title="Kotteng">Kotteng</a>, wat spéider zum Numm vun engem Hobbit-Protagonist a sengem Haaptwierk <i> The Lord of the Rings</i> wäert ginn. </p><p>Seng Mamm, déi <a href="/wiki/1900" title="1900">1900</a> géint de Wëlle vun hiren Elteren a Schwéierelteren zum <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9imesch-kathoulesch_Kierch" class="mw-redirect" title="Réimesch-kathoulesch Kierch">Katholizismus</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konversioun_(Relioun)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konversioun (Relioun) (Säit gëtt et net)">konvertéiert</a>, erzitt hien an hirem 'neie' Glawen. Dës Grondprägung vun enger Weltusiicht sollt sech duerch dem Tolkien säi ganzt Liewen zéien, an och Auswierkungen op säi Wierk hunn. </p><p>Well hie fréi en Interessi u Sprooche weist, bréngt seng Mamm him Grondlagen aus dem <a href="/wiki/Lat%C3%A4in" title="Latäin">Latäin</a>, dem <a href="/wiki/Frans%C3%A9isch" title="Franséisch">Franséischen</a> an dem <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A4itsch" title="Däitsch">Däitsche</a> bäi. Duerch si léiert hien och d'Geschichte vum <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Carroll" title="Lewis Carroll">Lewis Carroll</a> (<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alice%27s_Adventures_in_Wonderland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (Säit gëtt et net)">Alice's Adventures in Wonderland</a></i>), d'<i><a href="/wiki/Artus" title="Artus">Artus</a>-<a href="/wiki/So" class="mw-redirect" title="So">So</a></i> an d'Mäerchebicher vum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrew_Lang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrew Lang (Säit gëtt et net)">Andrew Lang</a> kennen, an deenen hie fir d'éischt vun den nordesche Soe ronderëm de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siegfried&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siegfried (Säit gëtt et net)">Siegfried</a> héiert. </p><p>Tëscht 1900 an 1902 plënnert den Tolkien mat senger Mamm e puermol zu Birmingham hin an hier, als éischt an den Deel Moseley, dann op King's Heath, wou hien duerch déi ongewinnten Nimm op de Kuelewaggone fir d'éischt Kéier <a href="/wiki/Walisesch" title="Walisesch">Walisesch</a> liest, a schliisslech op Edgbaston. </p><p>Den Tolkien mécht eng Odyssee duerch verschidde Schoulen: nodeem en un der King Edward's School ugeholl gi war, wiesselt hien 1902 op d'St. Philips Grammar School, fir dann 1903 mat engem Stipendium nees op d'King Edward's School zeréckzegoen. Do léiert hien nieft de klassesche Sprooche Latäin a <a href="/wiki/Griichesch" title="Griichesch">Griichesch</a> duerch en engagéierte <a href="/wiki/Schoulmeeschter" class="mw-redirect" title="Schoulmeeschter">Schoulmeeschter</a> och <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%ABttelenglesch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mëttelenglesch (Säit gëtt et net)">Mëttelenglesch</a>. </p><p>De 14. November 1904, den Tolkien huet zwielef Joer, stierft seng Mamm fir hien total iwwerraschend un engem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diabetescht_Koma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diabetescht Koma (Säit gëtt et net)">diabetesche Koma</a> no sechs Deeg. Dëse fréien Doud bewierkt beim Tolkien zwou Saachen: Engersäits eng staark emotional Verbonnenheet mat der kathoulescher Kierch an anerersäits eng pessimistesch Grondhaltung, an d'Virstellung datt dës Welt onwiderruflech gefall ass, an all Victoire dat Däischtert nëmme fir e kuerze Moment méi hell maache kann. </p><p>Déi zwéi Bridder komme fir éischt bei de Pater Francis Morgan, dee si am Ufank bei hirer Tatta Beatrice Bartlett ënnerbréngt, spéider bei enger Pensiounswiertsfra déi eng Frëndin vun him war. Do léiert den Tolkien 1908 seng spéider Fra <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edith_Mary_Tolkien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edith Mary Tolkien (Säit gëtt et net)">Edith Bratt</a> kennen, an déi hie sech séier verkuckt. Dës geheim Affär flitt awer op, an den Tolkien gëtt vu sengem Tuteur gezwongen, d'Edith net méi erëmzegesinn, bis hie volljäreg ass. Dëst huet nach dräi Joer gedauert. Doduerch verwandelt sech d'jugendlech Romanz an eng tragesch Libesgeschicht, déi den Tolkien spéider a senger So vum <a href="/wiki/Figuren_aus_Middle-earth" title="Figuren aus Middle-earth">Beren</a> a <a href="/wiki/Figuren_aus_Middle-earth" title="Figuren aus Middle-earth">Lúthien</a> literaresch verschafft huet. </p><p>An der Schoul gëtt den Tolkien duerch säi Rekter net nëmmen op d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Philologie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philologie (Säit gëtt et net)">Philologie</a> opmierksam, mä léiert duerch ee <a href="/wiki/Schoulmeeschter" class="mw-redirect" title="Schoulmeeschter">Schoulmeeschter</a> och d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aalt_Englesch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aalt Englesch (Säit gëtt et net)">Aalt Englesch</a> kennen. Zu där Zäit liest hie fir d'éischt en Häerzstéck aus der alenglescher Literatur, d'Gedicht <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beowulf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beowulf (Säit gëtt et net)">Beowulf</a></i>, an ass direkt begeeschtert. Am Mëttelenglesche mécht hie sech selwer mat den Dichtunge <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sir_Gawain_and_the_Green_Knight&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (Säit gëtt et net)">Sir Gawain and the Green Knight</a></i> a <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pearl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pearl (Säit gëtt et net)">Pearl</a></i> vertraut. Iwwer dës dräi Wierker wäert hie spéider bedeitend akadeemesch Aarbechte schreiwen. Schliisslech intresséiert hie sech och fir déi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alnordesch_Sprooch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alnordesch Sprooch (Säit gëtt et net)">Alnordesch Sprooch</a> fir d'Geschicht vum Sigurd an dem Draach Fafnir, déi hien als Kand sou faszinéiert hat, am Original kënnen ze liesen. </p><p>Duerch déi nei philologesch Erkenntnesser fänkt den Tolkien séier un, eege Sproochen z'erfannen, déi awer op sengem bis zu dësem Zäitpunkt scho gudde Wëssen iwwer d'linguistesch Entwécklungsprinzipie berouen. Fréi Versich baséiert hien um <a href="/wiki/Spuenesch" title="Spuenesch">Spueneschen</a>, mä wéi hien duerch e Schoulkolleeg op dat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gotesch_Sprooch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gotesch Sprooch (Säit gëtt et net)">Gotescht</a> opmierksam gëtt, fänkt hien net nëmmen un, d'Lücken an dëser doudeger Sprooch selbststänneg opzefëllen, mä och dat Gotescht op eng hypothetesch Ursprooch zeréckzeféieren. </p><p>Dës enk Beschäftegung mat Sprooche weist sech och geschwënn an der Schoul, wou den Tolkien seng Nolauschterer bei den Debatten (deemools meeschtens op Latäin) mat fléissenden Exposéen op griichesch, gotesch oder alenglesch iwwerrascht. </p><p>Am Summer 1911 grënnt den Tolkien mat e puer Kolleegen, dorënner de Christopher Wiseman, de Robert Quilter Gilson an den Geoffrey Bache Smith, den T.C.B.S. (Tea Club – Barrovian Society), eng informell Gemeinschaft vu Frënn, déi sech am Ufank an der Schoulbibliothéik, spéider dann am Barrow's Stores reegelméisseg treffen, fir mateneen iwwer Literatur ze diskutéieren. </p><p>Zu där Zäit a méiglecherweis duerch den T.C.B.S. inspiréiert, fänkt den Tolkien am Eescht domat un, Gedichter ze schreiwen, an deene fir d'éischt Feeëwiesen (<i>fairies</i>) am Bëschland optrieden. E méiglechen Ustouss dozou kéinten déi mystesch Wierker vum kathouleschen Dichter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_Thompson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francis Thompson (Säit gëtt et net)">Francis Thompson</a> gewiescht sinn, mat deene sech den Tolkien zu där Zäit ausenanergesat huet. </p><p>No engem Echec 1909 geléngt et him am Dezember 1910, e Stipendium vum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Exeter_College&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Exeter College (Säit gëtt et net)">Exeter College</a> zu <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a> ze kréien. Mam Wëssen datt seng onmëttelbar Zukunft domat geséchert ass, geet den Tolkien an de Rescht vu senger Schoulzäit, wou hien ënner anerem duerch d'finnescht <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nationalepos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nationalepos (Säit gëtt et net)">Nationalepos</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalevala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalevala (Säit gëtt et net)">Kalevala</a> op d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnesch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Finnesch (Säit gëtt et net)">Finnesch Sprooch</a> opmierksam gëtt, op där hie spéider seng Konschtsprooch <a href="/wiki/Quenya" class="mw-redirect" title="Quenya">Quenya</a> opbaut. Trotz senger spéiderer Ofneigung géint den Theater hëlt den Tolkien gär d'Roll vum Hermes an enger Opféierung vum Theaterstéck <i>De Fridden</i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aristophanes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aristophanes (Säit gëtt et net)">Aristophanes</a>) un, a geet och am Dezember <a href="/wiki/1911" title="1911">1911</a> nach eemol fir eng Opféierung vum Stéck <i>The Rivals</i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Brinsley_Sheridan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Brinsley Sheridan (Säit gëtt et net)">R. B. Sheridan</a>) duerch Membere vum T.C.B.S., wou hien d'Roll vun der Mrs. Malaprop iwwerhëlt, op seng al Schoul zeréck. </p><p>An der Zäit no der Schoul bis e säi Studiumufänkt, geet den Tolkien zesumme mat sengem Brudder an e puer anere Kolleegen op eng Wandertour an d'<a href="/wiki/Schw%C3%A4iz" title="Schwäiz">Schwäiz</a>. Eng Postkaart mam Numm <i>Der Berggeist</i>, op där een ale Mann deen ënner enger Kifer op engem Fiels sëtzt, duergestallt ass (d'Bild staamt vum däitsche Moler <a href="/w/index.php?title=Josef_Madlener&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Josef Madlener (Säit gëtt et net)">Josef Madlener</a> vu <a href="/wiki/Memmingen" title="Memmingen">Memmingen</a>), gëtt no senge spéideren Ugaben d'Inspiratioun fir d'Figur vum Zauberer <a href="/wiki/Figuren_aus_Middle-earth" title="Figuren aus Middle-earth">Gandalf</a> a senger eegener Welt <a href="/wiki/Middle-earth" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle-earth">Middle-earth</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Studienzäit"><span id="Studienz.C3.A4it"></span>Studienzäit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Abschnitt änneren: Studienzäit" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&action=edit&section=3" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Studienzäit"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Am Oktober 1911 fänkt den Tolkien säi Studium um <a href="/w/index.php?title=Exeter_College&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Exeter College (Säit gëtt et net)">Exeter College</a> zu <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a> un, fir d'éischt am Fach <i>Classics</i>, dem Studium vun de klassesche Sprooche Latäin a Griichesch an hirer Literatur, mä hie langweilt sech awer séier. Nëmmen d'»Sproochwëssenschaft déi vergläicht« ka säin Interesse op sech zéien, säi Professer an dësem Fach weist hien op d'<a href="/wiki/Walisesch" title="Walisesch">Walisescht</a> hin, deem sech den Tolkien doropshi begeeschtert zouwent. </p><p>No senger Summervakanz 1912, déi hie bei King Edward's Horse, engem Kavallerieregiment, haaptsächlech am Suedel verbréngt (wat e wéineg Liicht op d'Optriede vun der Reiderkultur vu Rohan am <i>Lord of the Rings</i> werfe kéint), geet hien zeréck op <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a>. Hei fänkt hie geschwënn un, sech mam Finneschen ausenanerzesetzen. Dësen Afloss weist sech och doran, datt e säi Projet vun enger Konschtsprooch déi um Goteschen opgebaut ass, opgëtt, a sech u senger neier Liblingssprooch orientéiert. D'Resultat sollt Jore méi spéit als <a href="/wiki/Quenya" class="mw-redirect" title="Quenya">Quenya</a>, Héichsprooch vun den Elben, Agank a seng mythologesch Welt Middle-earth fannen. </p><p>Chrëschtdag 1912 verbréngt den Tolkien bei senger Famill, wou en no enger englescher Chrëschtdagstraditioun als Regisseur an Haaptduersteller en Theaterstéck wat e selwer geschriwwen huet, opféiert - eng bemierkenswäert Tatsaach wann ee seng spéider Ofneigung géint den Drama bedenkt. </p><p>Den 3. Januar 1913, dem Dag vu senger Volljäregkeet, schreift hie fir d'éischt Kéier nees senger Jugendléift Edith, mä muss awer gewuer ginn, datt si sech an der Tëschenzäit mam Brudder vun enger Schoulfrëndin verloobt huet. Hien huet net wëlles, seng grouss Léift opzeginn, a geet perséinlech bei d'Edith, wou e si iwwerzeege kann, hir Entscheedung z'iwwerdenken. Ee Joer méi spéit, nodeem och d'Edith der kathoulescher Kierch bäigetrueden ass, gi si offiziell verloobt an zwee Joer duerno, den <a href="/wiki/22._Januar" title="22. Januar">22. Januar</a> <a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a>, bestuet. </p><p>Säin akadeemesche Wee verleeft an der Tëschenzäit net ouni Problemer. Well hien d'eigentlech Matière zu Gonschte vu senge ville Sproochinteresse vernoléissegt, schléisst hien d'Tëscheprüfung no zwee Joer Studium mat engem »Second« of, wouriwwer hien enttäuscht ass (vergläichbar mat enger Lëtzebuergescher »Zwee«). Op Ureegung vu sengem College, deem säin Intressi fir germanesch Sproochen opgefall war, wiesselt hien op d'Institut fir englesch Sprooch a Literatur. Do liest hien am Kader vum usprochsvollen alenglesche Literaturkanon d'Wierk <i>Crist</i> vum angelsächseschen Dichter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cynewulf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cynewulf (Säit gëtt et net)">Cynewulf</a> (fréit <a href="/wiki/8._Joerhonnert" title="8. Joerhonnert">8. Joerhonnert</a>), eng Sammlung vu reliéiser Dichtung. Zwou Zeile vun deem Gedicht sollten hie staark beaflossen: </p> <dl><dd><i>Eala Earendel engla beorhtast</i></dd> <dd><i>ofer middangeard monnum sended</i></dd></dl> <dl><dd><i>Heel dir Earendel, stralendsten Engel,</i></dd> <dd><i>iwwer Mëtteläerd de Mënsche geschéckt</i></dd></dl> <p>Mat »middangeard« oder »<a href="/wiki/Middle-earth" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle-earth">Mëtteläerd</a>« ass hei d'Welt vun de Mënsche gemengt. Traditionell als »Liichtstral« iwwersat, gleeft den Tolkien datt den Numm »Earendel« op de Morgenstern, d'<a href="/wiki/Venus_(Plan%C3%A9it)" title="Venus (Planéit)">Venus</a>, hiweist, dee mat sengem Opgoen d'Enn vun der Nuecht an den Ufank vum Dag ukënnegt. Hie selwer beschreift d'Wierkung vun dësen Zeilen op sech sou: </p> <dl><dd><i>I felt a curious thrill, as if something had stirred in me, half wakened from sleep. There was something very remote and strange and beautiful behind those words, [...] far beyond ancient English.</i></dd></dl> <p>Dësen Zäitpunkt ka virsiichteg als Gebuertsstonn vu senger Mythologie ugesat ginn, schonn e Joer méi spéit schreift hien d'Gedicht <i>The Voyage of Earendel the Evening Star</i>, wat mat den uewen zitéierten Zeilen ufänkt, an de Keim vu senger Middle-earth-Mythologie bilt. </p><p>Seng weider Studienzäit verleeft ouni gréisser Evenementer - ofgesi vun de weideren Treffe mat senge Frënn vum T.C.B.S., déi hien a sengen dichteresche Beméiungen ënnerstëtzen. Eng Anekdot aus där Zäit werft e Liicht op déi och nach spéider fir den Tolkien charakteristesch Aarbechtsmanéier: Op d'Fro vu sengem Frënd G. B. Smith nom Hannergrond vu sengem Earendel-Gedicht äntwert den Tolkien: »I don't know. I'll try to find out.« Dës Siicht vum Schreiwen net als Neischafung mä als Entdeckungsrees bleift charakteristesch säi Liewe laang. Nom Ausbroch vum <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ischte_Weltkrich" title="Éischte Weltkrich">Éischte Weltkrich</a>, an der zweeter Juniwoch 1915, schléisst hie säi Studium of – dës Kéier mat Auszeechnung (»First Class Honours«). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Den_éischte_Weltkrich"><span id="Den_.C3.A9ischte_Weltkrich"></span>Den éischte Weltkrich</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Abschnitt änneren: Den éischte Weltkrich" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&action=edit&section=4" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Den éischte Weltkrich"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hie gëtt als Offizéier fir d'Signalwiesen am 11. Batailloun vum Regiment vun de »Lancashire Fusiliers« geruff an ass am Summer 1916 un der Front bei der <a href="/wiki/Schluecht_vun_der_Somme" title="Schluecht vun der Somme">Schluecht vun der Somme</a> dobäi, der bluddegster Schluecht am <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ischte_Weltkrich" title="Éischte Weltkrich">Éischte Weltkrich</a>. </p><p>Déi onmëttelbar Erfarung mat de Grausamkeete vum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stellungskrich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stellungskrich (Säit gëtt et net)">Stellungskrich</a> trëfft hien déif a léist den Abroch vum Béisen an eng friddlech Welt zu engem Grondthema vu sengem Liewen a senger Literatur ginn. De <a href="/wiki/27._Oktober" title="27. Oktober">27. Oktober</a> 1916 weist hien awer Symptomer vu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fleckf%C3%A9iwer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fleckféiwer (Säit gëtt et net)">Fleckféiwer</a> wat duerch Lais iwwerdro gëtt, a gëtt den <a href="/wiki/8._November" title="8. November">8. November</a> zur Behandlung an England verschëfft. </p><p>Wärend dëser Auszäit fir nees gesond ze ginn, fir d'éischt zu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Birmingham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Birmingham (Säit gëtt et net)">Birmingham</a> an duerno zu Great Haywood, gëtt hien den Doud vu sengem T.-C.-B.-S.-Kolleeg G. B. Smith gewuer, nodeem hien nach a <a href="/wiki/Frankr%C3%A4ich" title="Frankräich">Frankräich</a> scho vum Doud vu sengem Schoulfrënd Rob Gilson a Kenntnis gesat gi war. De leschte Bréif vum Smith hält op mat de beweegenden Zeilen: »May God bless you, my dear John Ronald, and may you say the things I have tried to say long after I am not there to say them, if such be my lot.« Fir den Tolkien ginn si zum Vermiechtnes. </p><p>Hie fänkt mat engem Projet un, wat an der Literaturgeschicht ouni grouss Virbilder dosteet, der Erschafung vun engem vollstännege Soenzyklus, dee mat näischt manner wéi der Schöpfung vun enger Welt ugeet. Mat der Néierschrëft vum <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Book_of_Lost_Tales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Book of Lost Tales (Säit gëtt et net)">The Book of Lost Tales</a></i>, dat an dëser Form eréischt posthum duerch säi Jong <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christopher_Tolkien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christopher Tolkien (Säit gëtt et net)">Christopher</a> verëffentlecht wäert ginn, existéiere fir d'éischt Kéier gréisser Deeler vu senger Mythologie déi e spéider am <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Silmarillion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Silmarillion (Säit gëtt et net)">The Silmarillion</a></i> ausschafft. </p><p>Hei benotzt hien och fir d'éischt Kéier konsequent d'Sproochen déi hien erfonnt huet, besonnesch <a href="/wiki/Quenya" class="mw-redirect" title="Quenya">Quenya</a>, wat um <a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnesch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Finnesch (Säit gëtt et net)">Finnische</a> baséiert a <a href="/wiki/Sindarin" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindarin">Sindarin</a>, wat op d'<a href="/wiki/Walisesch" title="Walisesch">Walisescht</a> zeréckgeet. Déi zwou setzt hien elo als Sprooch vun den Elben a <a href="/wiki/Middle-earth" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle-earth">Middle-earth</a> an. </p><p>Wärenddeems schwankt säi Gesondheetszoustand, an d'Gefor nees zeréck un d'Front geschéckt ze ginn, schwieft permanent iwwer him. Temporär op <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yorkshire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yorkshire (Säit gëtt et net)">Yorkshire</a> versat, gëtt hie geschwënn nees krank a gëtt an d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sanatorium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sanatorium (Säit gëtt et net)">Sanatorium</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harrogate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harrogate (Säit gëtt et net)">Harrogate</a> verluecht. Nodeem en nees gesond ass, gëtt en op eng Signalschoul am Nordoste geschéckt, mä gëtt awer nees krank a kënnt dës Kéier an d'Offizéierspidol zu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingston_upon_Hull&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kingston upon Hull (Säit gëtt et net)">Kingston upon Hull</a>. </p><p>Wärend dëser Zäit, de <a href="/wiki/16._November" title="16. November">16. November</a> <a href="/wiki/1917" title="1917">1917</a>, kënnt dat éischt gemeinsaamt Kand op d'Welt, deen zu Éiere vum Pater Francis op den Numm John Francis Reuel gedeeft gëtt. Am Oktober <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a> kënnt de Michael Hilary Reuel, am November <a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christopher_Tolkien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christopher Tolkien (Säit gëtt et net)">Christopher Reuel</a> a schliisslech <a href="/wiki/1929" title="1929">1929</a> d'Duechter Priscilla Mary dobäi. D'Zäit no der Gebuert vu sengem éischte Jong ass duerch glécklech Momenter geprägt: Bei Landausflig duerch d'Bëscher an der Géigend séngt an danzt d'Edith fir hien - doraus entsteet schliisslech d'Geschicht vun der grousser Léift tëscht dem stierflechen Helden <a href="/wiki/Figuren_aus_Middle-earth" title="Figuren aus Middle-earth">Beren</a> an der wonnerschéiner, mä onstierflecher Elbin <a href="/wiki/Figuren_aus_Middle-earth" title="Figuren aus Middle-earth">Lúthien</a>, déi als ee Mëttelpunkt vum <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Silmarillion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Silmarillion (Säit gëtt et net)">Silmarillion</a></i> gëlle kann. </p><p>No weidere Versetzungen am Joer <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a>, zum Beispill op <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penkridge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penkridge (Säit gëtt et net)">Penkridge</a> an der Grofschaft <a href="/wiki/Staffordshire" title="Staffordshire">Staffordshire</a> an nees zeréck op Hull, gëtt hien op en Neits krank, a gëtt nees an d'Offizéierspidol bruecht. Hie benotzt déi Zäit, fir sech nieft der Aarbecht u senger Mythologie e bësse <a href="/wiki/Russesch" title="Russesch">Russesch</a> bäizebréngen. No senger Entloossung am Oktober steet schliisslech fest, datt de Krich op en Enn geet. Op der Sich no Aarbecht adresséiert hie sech un e fréiere Professer vun Oxford, de William Craigie, deen him eng Plaz beim <i>New English Dictionary</i> verschaaft, soudatt den Tolkien am November 1918 mat Fra a Kand op Oxford plënnert. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fréi_Beruffsjoren"><span id="Fr.C3.A9i_Beruffsjoren"></span>Fréi Beruffsjoren</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Abschnitt änneren: Fréi Beruffsjoren" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&action=edit&section=5" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Fréi Beruffsjoren"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:TOLKIEN_22_Northmoor_Road.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/TOLKIEN_22_Northmoor_Road.jpg/220px-TOLKIEN_22_Northmoor_Road.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/TOLKIEN_22_Northmoor_Road.jpg/330px-TOLKIEN_22_Northmoor_Road.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/TOLKIEN_22_Northmoor_Road.jpg/440px-TOLKIEN_22_Northmoor_Road.jpg 2x" data-file-width="475" data-file-height="339" /></a><figcaption>Northmoor Road 22, wou d'Famill Tolkien bis 1930 gewunnt huet</figcaption></figure> <p>Och wa sech a senger Satir <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Farmer_Giles_of_Ham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Farmer Giles of Ham (Säit gëtt et net)">Farmer Giles of Ham</a></i> e puer ironesch Uspillungen op seng Zäit beim <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">New English Dictionary</a></i> fannen, ass datt dach am grousse Ganzen eng glécklech Zäit. Fir d'éischt Kéier lieft hien dauerhaft mam Edith an engem eegenen Haus zesummen, a säi Beruff reegt hien intellektuell un. Spéider wäert hien iwwer déi zwee Joer wou hien un der Produktioun vum Wierderbuch bedeelegt ass, soen, en hätt zu kenger Zäit vu sengem Liewe méi geléiert. Seng Aarbecht fëllt awer net säi ganzen Dag, soudatt hien niewebäi nach Zäit fënnt, als Privatprofesser Studenten z'ënnerriichten. Dës Aarbecht ass lukrativ genuch, soudatt hien 1920 beim <i>New English Dictionary</i> ophale kann. </p><p>Mä och wa seng finanziell Situatioun akzeptabel ass, huet den Tolkien säi Wonsch, eng akadeemesch Carrière unzetrieden, net opginn. Do ergëtt sech iwwerraschend am Summer <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a> eng Méiglechkeet: Zu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leeds&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leeds (Säit gëtt et net)">Leeds</a> ass eng Plaz fir e »Reader« um Institut fir englesch Sprooch fräi ginn. Obschonn hien am Ufank skeptesch iwwer seng Chancen nodenkt, kritt hien d'Plaz. Dat bedeit awer och eng weider Trennung vum Edith, déi mat den elo zwéi Bouwen zu Oxford bleift, bis si 1921 noplënnere kënnen. </p><p>Vu sengem Virgesetzte gëtt hie fir d'éischt mat der Organisatioun vum Studieplang fir Al- a Mëttelenglesch beopdraagt. Donieft schafft hien zesumme mat sengem Kolleeg Eric V. Gordon un enger Neieditioun vum mëttelenglesche Gedicht <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sir_Gawain_and_the_Green_Knight&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (Säit gëtt et net)">Sir Gawain and the Green Knight</a></i>, déi no hirer Verëffentlechung 1925 séier als erausragende Bäitrag fir d'mëttelenglesch <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philologie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philologie (Säit gëtt et net)">Philologie</a> gëllt. </p><p>Och privat komme sech déi zwéi Kolleege méi no a grënne mat Studenten de Viking-Club, an deem ausser enger gudder Portioun Béier alnordesch Drénklidder mat deelweis nawell raue Gesäng an alenglescher Sprooch am Mëttelpunkt stinn. Dëst dréit wuel zu enger gudder Partie zu der Beléiftheet vum Tolkien bei senge Studente bäi. No véier Joer zu Leeds avancéiert den Tolkien 1924 zum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Professer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Professer (Säit gëtt et net)">Professer</a>. </p><p>An de Gedichter aus där Zäit fanne sech déi éischt Hiweiser op Kreaturen, déi spéider a senger Middle-earth-Mythologie hir Plaz fanne wäerten: D'Gedicht <i>Glib</i> zum Beispill beschreift e schläimegt Wiese mat Aen déi schwaach liichten, a wat an enger Hiel lieft, an erënnert domat un d'Figur vum <a href="/wiki/Figuren_aus_Middle-earth" title="Figuren aus Middle-earth">Gollum</a>. Seng »seriéis« Mythologie, haut am <i>Book of Lost Tales</i> ze fannen, ass bal fäerdeg. Zwou vun de Soen, d'Geschicht vum Turin Turambar an d'Erzielung vum Lúthien a Bere wielt hien aus, fir si an eng ausféierlech Gedichtsform z'iwwersetzen. </p><p>1925 gëtt op eemol d'Plaz vum Rawlinson a Bosworth Léierstull fir Angelsächsesch zu Oxford fräi. Den Tolkien mellt sech a kritt, wuel ënner anerem duerch d'Reputatioun vu senger <i>Sir Gawain</i>-Iwwersetzung, d'Plaz zougesot. </p><p>Déi nächst Jore verlafen no baussen hin ouni bedeitend Evenementer: 1926 grënnt den Tolkien am Kolleegekrees d'<i>Kolbitar</i> (<a href="/wiki/Isl%C3%A4nnesch" title="Islännesch">Islännesch</a> fir <i>Kuelebäisser</i>), eng informell Ronn, déi sech reegelméisseg gesäit, fir d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%ABttelalterlech_isl%C3%A4nnesch_Literatur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mëttelalterlech islännesch Literatur (Säit gëtt et net)">islännesch Sagas</a> an der alnordescher Originalsprooch ze liesen. Zanter 1927 gehéiert zu dëser Grupp och de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clive_Staples_Lewis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clive Staples Lewis (Säit gëtt et net)">Clive Staples Lewis</a>, zanter 1926 e Kolleeg vum Tolkien, dee geschwë säin enkste Frënd gëtt. De Lewis ënnerstëtzt hien och bei enger Léierplangreform, déi méi e staarkt Gewiicht op d'Verbanne vu Sprooch- a Literaturwëssenschaft leet, an déi, vum Tolkien initiéiert, 1931 vun der Fakultéit ugeholl gëtt. </p><p>Mä et sollt net säi beruffleche Succès sinn, deen den Tolkien berüümt gemaach huet. Seng zwee Haaptwierker, den <i>Hobbit</i> an de <i>Lord of the Rings</i> hunn hir Wuerzel am Familiekrees, an der Roll vum Papp, déi den Tolkien virbildlech géintiwwer vu senger Kanner ausfëllt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Hobbit_an_The_Lord_of_the_Rings"><i>The Hobbit</i> an <i>The Lord of the Rings</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Abschnitt änneren: The Hobbit an The Lord of the Rings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&action=edit&section=6" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: The Hobbit an The Lord of the Rings"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An de fréien <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920er</a> an <a href="/wiki/1930" title="1930">1930er</a> Jore fänkt den Tolkien un, senge Kanner reegelméisseg fantasievoll Geschichten z'erzielen, déi allerdéngs meeschtens baussent der Mythewelt spillen, un där hien zu dëser Zäit schonn eescht schafft. Aus där Zäit stamen ënner anerem d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Erzielung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erzielung (Säit gëtt et net)">Erzielung</a> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roverandom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roverandom (Säit gëtt et net)">Roverandom</a></i>, déi op d'Verschwanne vun engem Spillhond vu sengem zweete Jong Michael zeréckgeet. Wärend sech an där Erzielung nëmmen een oder zwee kryptesch, deemools nëmme fir hie verständlech Bezuchnamen op d'gréisser Mythologie fannen, verweist d'Geschicht <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Hobbit:_or_There_and_Back_Again&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Hobbit: or There and Back Again (Säit gëtt et net)">The Hobbit: or There and Back Again</a></i> déi hien 1930 ufänkt schonn op méi Evenementer aus senger eeschter <a href="/wiki/Mythologie" title="Mythologie">Mythologie</a>, an den Allusiounen op d'Elbestad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gondolin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gondolin (Säit gëtt et net)">Gondolin</a> an d'Figur vum <a href="/wiki/Figuren_aus_Middle-earth" title="Figuren aus Middle-earth">Nekromant</a>, déi zu där Zäit schonn en Deel vu senger am <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dem_Tolkien_seng_Welt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dem Tolkien seng Welt (Säit gëtt et net)">éischten Zäitalter vu Middle-earth</a> ugesidelt Soewelt ass. Duerch Vermëttlung vun enger fréierer Studentin gëtt de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Verlag&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Verlag (Säit gëtt et net)">Verlag</a> Allen&Unwin op seng <a href="/w/index.php?title=Erzielung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erzielung (Säit gëtt et net)">Erzielung</a> opmierksam, an no enger begeeschterter Rezensioun duerch de Jong vum Editeur, de Rayner Unwin, gëtt si am Joer <a href="/wiki/1937" title="1937">1937</a> verëffentlecht. Op den dréngende Wonsch vu sengem Verlag fänkt den Tolkien mat der Aarbecht vun enger Suite un, déi am Ufank, genee wéi den <i>Hobbit</i>, als <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kannerbuch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kannerbuch (Säit gëtt et net)">Kannerbuch</a> ugeluecht ass. </p><p>Um Enn vun den drësseger Joren, an no enger Inspiratioun duerch de Clive Staples Lewis, dee mat him elo am literaresche Krees vun den »<a href="/w/index.php?title=Inklings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inklings (Säit gëtt et net)">Inklings</a>« verbonnen ass, enger Grupp, zu där nieft Lewis an Tolkien och den <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Williams&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Williams (Säit gëtt et net)">Charles Williams</a>, den <a href="/w/index.php?title=Owen_Barfield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Owen Barfield (Säit gëtt et net)">Owen Barfield</a>, den <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hugo_Dyson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hugo Dyson (Säit gëtt et net)">Hugo Dyson</a> an den <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Fox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adam Fox (Säit gëtt et net)">Adam Fox</a> gehéieren, hält hien de Virtrag <i>On Fairy-Stories</i>, dee vill Beuechtung kritt, an an deem hien d'Grondsätz vum spéidere Fantasy-Genre beschreift, a sech energesch géint Virwërf vun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eskapismus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eskapismus (Säit gëtt et net)">Eskapismus</a> (Realitéitsflucht) verdeedegt. </p><p>Wärend dem <a href="/wiki/Zweete_Weltkrich" title="Zweete Weltkrich">Zweete Weltkrich</a> zitt sech d'Aarbecht u sengem Nofollgerprojet fir den <i>Hobbit</i> hin, deen elo den Numm <i>The Lord of the Rings</i> huet, mä e gëtt awer ëmmer nees duerch aner Aufgaben ënnerbrach. </p><p><a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a> wiesselt hien, ëmmer nach zu Oxford, op d'Professur fir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglistik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anglistik (Säit gëtt et net)">Anglistik</a>. Eréischt am Joer <a href="/wiki/1954" title="1954">1954</a> gëtt de <i>Lord of the Rings</i> endlech verëffentlecht. D'Verzögerung hat engersäits mam Tolkien sengem Perfektionismus, an anerersäits och mat sengem Wonsch vun engem Wiessel vum Verlag ze dinn, den duerch d'vermeitlech Ofso vu sengem eeschte Mythewierk <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Silmarillion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Silmarillion (Säit gëtt et net)">The Silmarillion</a></i> motivéiert war. Wéi säin alen Editeur Allen&Unwin en Ultimatum fir d'Verëffentlechung vu senger Gesamtmythologie (<i>The Lord of the Rings</i> an <i>The Silmarillion</i>) ouni Méiglechkeet zur Usiicht vum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Manuskript&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manuskript (Säit gëtt et net)">Manuskript</a> ofleent, wennt sech den Tolkien un d'Verlagshaus Collins. </p><p>Obschonn déi am Ufank nach enthusiastesch sinn, bestinn si op grouss Kierzungen, zu deenen den Tolkien net bereet ass, a sou geet hien nees zeréck zu sengem ale Verlag. De Rayner Unwin, den als Kand den <i>Hobbit</i> gelies hat, ass mëttlerweil Junior-Editeur, an hëlt d'Buch ouni weider Korrekturen un. </p><p>Nodeem d'Präisser fir Pabéier nom Krich an England extreem an d'Luucht gaange waren, gëtt d'Wierk an dräi Bänn erausbruecht (<i>The Fellowship of the Ring</i>, <i>The Two Towers</i>, <i>The Return of the King</i>), soudatt all Eenzelband zu raisonnable Präisser konnt ugebuede ginn. Doduerch gëtt och haut nach fälschlerweis vun enger Trilogie geschwat, eng Bezeechnung déi den Tolkien säi Liewe laang ofgeleent huet, well hien d'Wierk a sechs Bicher ënnerdeelt hat. </p><p>Um Ufank vun den <a href="/wiki/1960" title="1960">1960er</a> kënnt an den <a href="/wiki/Vereenegt_Staate_vun_Amerika" title="Vereenegt Staate vun Amerika">USA</a> eng net autoriséiert Kopie vum <i>The Lord of the Rings</i> eraus, a léist eng Kultbeweegung ënner de Studenten aus, déi den Tolkien séier zu enger Berüümtheet mécht. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lescht_Joren">Lescht Joren</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Abschnitt änneren: Lescht Joren" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&action=edit&section=7" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Lescht Joren"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Tolkiengrab.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Tolkiengrab.jpg/220px-Tolkiengrab.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Tolkiengrab.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="329" data-file-height="320" /></a><figcaption>D'Graf vum Edith a J.R.R. Tolkien zu Oxford</figcaption></figure> <p>Säi weidert Liewe verbréngt hie mam Ausaarbechte vum <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Silmarillion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Silmarillion (Säit gëtt et net)"><i>Silmarillion</i></a>, wat hien awer bis zu sengem Liewensenn net méi fäerdeg kritt, a wat säi Jong <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christopher_Tolkien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christopher Tolkien (Säit gëtt et net)">Christopher Tolkien</a> no sengem Doud erausbrénge wäert. </p><p>Fir e puer Joer plënneren hien a seng Fra an d'englesch Séibad Bournemouth. Do stierft d'Edith am Joer <a href="/wiki/1971" title="1971">1971</a>, wouropshin den Tolkien zeréck op <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a> geet. Zwee Joer méi spéit stierft och hien am Alter vun 81 Joer no kuerzer Krankheet an engem private Spidol zu Bournemouth, wou hie fir eng kuerz Vakanz zeréckgefuer war. D'Graf vun deenen zwee läit um kathouleschen Deel vum <i>Jordan Hill Cemetery</i> zu <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a>; op hire Grafsteng stinn, nieft hiren Nimm, och d'Nimm <a href="/wiki/Figuren_aus_Middle-earth#Beren" title="Figuren aus Middle-earth">Beren</a> a <a href="/wiki/Figuren_aus_Middle-earth#L.C3.BAthien_Tin.C3.BAviel" title="Figuren aus Middle-earth">Lúthien</a>. </p><p>Scho virum Doud vu sengem Papp hat de Christopher Tolkien d'Schrëftstécker vu sengem Papp beaarbecht an huet zanter <a href="/wiki/1977" title="1977">1977</a> ënner anerem de <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Silmarillion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Silmarillion (Säit gëtt et net)"><i>Silmarillion</i></a> a vun <a href="/wiki/1983" title="1983">1983</a> bis <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a> och eng <i>History of Middle-Earth</i> erausbruecht. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Säi_Wierk"><span id="S.C3.A4i_Wierk"></span>Säi Wierk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Abschnitt änneren: Säi Wierk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&action=edit&section=8" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Säi Wierk"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Akadeemesch_Wierker">Akadeemesch Wierker</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Abschnitt änneren: Akadeemesch Wierker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&action=edit&section=9" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Akadeemesch Wierker"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>A Middle English Vocabulary</i> <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a></li> <li><i>Some Contributions to Middle-English Lexicography</i> <a href="/wiki/1925" title="1925">1925</a></li> <li><i>The Devil's Coach Horses</i> <a href="/wiki/1925" title="1925">1925</a></li> <li>Editioun vun <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sir_Gawain_and_the_Green_Knight&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (Säit gëtt et net)">Sir Gawain and the Green Knight</a></i> <a href="/wiki/1925" title="1925">1925</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ancrene_Wisse_and_Hali_Mei%C3%B0had&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ancrene Wisse and Hali Meiðhad (Säit gëtt et net)">Ancrene Wisse and Hali Meiðhad</a></i> <a href="/wiki/1929" title="1929">1929</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigelwara_Land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sigelwara Land (Säit gëtt et net)">Sigelwara Land</a></i> Deeler I/II <a href="/wiki/1932" title="1932">1932</a>/<a href="/wiki/1934" title="1934">1934</a></li> <li><i>Chaucer as a Philologist: The Reeve's Tale</i> <a href="/wiki/1935" title="1935">1935</a></li> <li><i>Beowulf: The Monsters and the Critics</i> <a href="/wiki/1936" title="1936">1936</a></li> <li><i>Sir Orfeo</i> <a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a></li> <li><i>"Iþþlen" in Sawles Warde</i> <a href="/wiki/1947" title="1947">1947</a></li> <li><i>On Fairy-Stories</i> <a href="/wiki/1947" title="1947">1947</a></li> <li><i>The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth, Beorhthelm's Son</i> <a href="/wiki/1953" title="1953">1953</a></li> <li><i>Middle English »Losenger«</i> <a href="/wiki/1953" title="1953">1953</a></li> <li><i>Ancrene Wisse: The English Text of the Ancrene Riwle</i> <a href="/wiki/1962" title="1962">1962</a></li> <li><i>English and Welsh</i> <a href="/wiki/1963" title="1963">1963</a></li> <li>Iwwersetzunge vu <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pearl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pearl (Säit gëtt et net)">Pearl</a></i> a <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sir_Orfeo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sir Orfeo (Säit gëtt et net)">Sir Orfeo</a></i> posthum <a href="/wiki/1975" title="1975">1975</a></li> <li><i>The Old English Exodus</i> Text, Iwwersetzung, Kommentar vum alengl. Gedicht <i>Exodus</i> posthum <a href="/wiki/1981" title="1981">1981</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finn_and_Hengest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Finn and Hengest (Säit gëtt et net)">Finn and Hengest</a>: The Fragment and the Episode</i> posthum <a href="/wiki/1982" title="1982">1982</a>, Iwwersetzung a Kommentar</li> <li><i>Beowulf and the Critics</i> posthum <a href="/wiki/2002" title="2002">2002</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beowulf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beowulf (Säit gëtt et net)">Beowulf</a></i> (Iwwersetzung) bis elo net verëffentlecht</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prosawierker">Prosawierker</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Abschnitt änneren: Prosawierker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&action=edit&section=10" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Prosawierker"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Hobbit:_or_There_and_Back_Again&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Hobbit: or There and Back Again (Säit gëtt et net)">The Hobbit: or There and Back Again</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/1937" title="1937">1937</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leaf_by_Niggle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leaf by Niggle (Säit gëtt et net)">Leaf by Niggle</a></i>, 1945</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Farmer_Giles_of_Ham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Farmer Giles of Ham (Säit gëtt et net)">Farmer Giles of Ham</a></i>, 1949</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="The Lord of the Rings">The Lord of the Rings</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/1969" title="1969">1969</a>/<a href="/wiki/1970" title="1970">1970</a>, an dräi Bänn erauskomm als <ul><li><i>The Fellowship of the Ring: being the first part of The Lord of the Rings</i> <a href="/wiki/1954" title="1954">1954</a>,</li> <li><i>The Two Towers: being the second part of The Lord of the Rings</i> <a href="/wiki/1954" title="1954">1954</a>,</li> <li><i>The Return of the King: being the third part of The Lord of the Rings</i> <a href="/wiki/1955" title="1955">1955</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Smith of Wootton Major</i>, 1967</li> <li><i>Guide to the Names in »The Lord of the Rings«, A Tolkien Compass</i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Posthum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Posthum (Säit gëtt et net)">posthum</a> 1975</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Letters_of_Father_Christmas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Letters of Father Christmas (Säit gëtt et net)">The Letters of Father Christmas</a></i>, posthum 1976</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Silmarillion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Silmarillion (Säit gëtt et net)">The Silmarillion</a></i>, posthum 1977, dt. 1978</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Unfinished_Tales_of_N%C3%BAmenor_and_Middle-earth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unfinished Tales of Númenor and Middle-earth (Säit gëtt et net)">Unfinished Tales of Númenor and Middle-earth</a></i>, posthum 1980</li> <li><i>Mr Bliss</i> posthum 1982</li> <li><i>The History of Middle Earth</i> posthum 1983-1996, erauskomm an zwielef Bänn als <ul><li><i>The Book of Lost Tales, Part I</i> posthum 1983</li> <li><i>The Book of Lost Tales, Part II</i> posthum 1984</li> <li><i>The Lays of Beleriand</i> posthum 1985</li> <li><i>The Shaping of Middle-earth</i> posthum 1986</li> <li><i>The Lost Road and Other Writings</i> posthum 1987</li> <li><i>The Return of the Shadow</i> posthum 1988</li> <li><i>The Treason of Isengard</i> posthum 1989</li> <li><i>The War of the Ring</i> posthum 1990</li> <li><i>Sauron Defeated</i> posthum 1992</li> <li><i>Morgoth's Ring</i> posthum 1993</li> <li><i>The War of the Jewels</i> posthum 1994</li> <li><i>The Peoples of Middle-earth</i> posthum 1996</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roverandom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roverandom (Säit gëtt et net)">Roverandom</a></i> posthum 1998</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lyrik">Lyrik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Abschnitt änneren: Lyrik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&action=edit&section=11" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Lyrik"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Gedicht <i>The Battle of the Eastern Field</i> 1911</li> <li>Gedicht <i>From the many-willow'd margin of the immemorial Thames</i> <a href="/wiki/1913" title="1913">1913</a></li> <li>Gedicht <i>You & me and the Cottage of Lost Play</i> <a href="/wiki/1915" title="1915">1915</a></li> <li>Gedicht <i>Kortirion among the trees</i> 1915</li> <li>Gedicht <i>Goblin Feet</i> 1915</li> <li>Gedicht <i>The Happy Mariners</i> 1920</li> <li>Gedicht <i>The Clerke's Compleinte</i> 1922</li> <li>Gedicht <i>Iumonna Gold Galdre Bewunden</i> 1923</li> <li>Gedicht <i>The City of the Gods</i> 1923</li> <li>Gedicht <i>The Eadigan Saelidan</i> 1923</li> <li>Gedicht <i>Why the Man in the Moon Came Down Too Soon</i> 1923</li> <li>Gedicht <i>Enigmala Saxonic – a Nuper Inventa Duo</i> 1923</li> <li>Gedicht <i>The Cat and the Fiddle: A Nursery-Rhyme Undone and its Scandalous secret Unlocked</i> <a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a></li> <li>Gedicht <i>An Evening in Tavrobel</i> <a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a></li> <li>Gedicht <i>The Lonely Isle</i> <a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a></li> <li>Gedicht <i>The Princess Ni</i> <a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a></li> <li>Gedicht <i>Light as Leaf on Lindentree</i> <a href="/wiki/1925" title="1925">1925</a></li> <li>Gedicht <i>The Nameless Land</i> <a href="/wiki/1926" title="1926">1926</a></li> <li>Gedicht <i>Adventures in Unnatural History and Medieval Metres, being the Freaks of Fisiologus</i> <a href="/wiki/1927" title="1927">1927</a></li> <li>Gedicht <i>Progress in Bimble Town</i> <a href="/wiki/1931" title="1931">1931</a></li> <li>Gedicht <i>Errantry</i> <a href="/wiki/1933" title="1933">1933</a></li> <li>Gedicht <i>Firiel</i> 1934</li> <li>Gedicht <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Adventures_of_Tom_Bombadil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Adventures of Tom Bombadil (Säit gëtt et net)">The Adventures of Tom Bombadil</a></i> 1934</li> <li>Gedichtersammlung <i>Songs for the Philologists</i>, zesumme mam E.V. Gordon a. a. <a href="/wiki/1936" title="1936">1936</a></li> <li>Gedicht <i>The Dragon's Visit</i> <a href="/wiki/1937" title="1937">1937</a></li> <li>Gedicht <i>Knocking at the Door: Lines induced by sensations when waiting for an answer a the door of an Exalted Academic Person</i> <a href="/wiki/1937" title="1937">1937</a></li> <li>Gedicht <i>The Lay of Aotrou and Itroun</i> <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a></li> <li>Gedicht <i>Imram</i> <a href="/wiki/1955" title="1955">1955</a></li> <li>Gedichtsammlung <i>The Adventures of Tom Bombadil and other verses from The Red Book</i> <a href="/wiki/1962" title="1962">1962</a></li> <li>Gedicht <i>Once upon a time</i> <a href="/wiki/1965" title="1965">1965</a></li> <li>Gedicht <i>For W. H. A.</i> <a href="/wiki/1967" title="1967">1967</a></li> <li>Gedichtzyklus <i>The Road Goes Ever On: A Song Cycle</i> <a href="/wiki/1967" title="1967">1967</a>, vertount vum Donald Swann</li> <li>Gedicht <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bilbo%27s_Last_Song&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bilbo's Last Song (Säit gëtt et net)">Bilbo's Last Song</a></i> posthum <a href="/wiki/1974" title="1974">1974</a></li> <li>Ballad <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Lay_of_Leithian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Lay of Leithian (Säit gëtt et net)">The Lay of Leithian</a></i> posthum <a href="/wiki/1985" title="1985">1985</a> in: <i>The History of Middle Earth, Bd. 3: The Lays of Beleriand</i></li> <li>Ballad <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Lay_of_the_children_of_H%C3%BArin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Lay of the children of Húrin (Säit gëtt et net)">The Lay of the children of Húrin</a></i> posthum <a href="/wiki/1985" title="1985">1985</a> in: <i>The History of Middle Earth, Bd. 3: The Lays of Beleriand</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Verschiddenes">Verschiddenes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Abschnitt änneren: Verschiddenes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&action=edit&section=12" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Verschiddenes"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Autobiographesche Bericht <i>Tolkien on Tolkien</i> <a href="/wiki/1966" title="1966">1966</a></li> <li>LP <i>Poems and Songs of Middle-Earth</i> <a href="/wiki/1968" title="1968">1968</a></li> <li>LPs <i>The Hobbit</i> an <i>The Lord of the Rings</i> posthum <a href="/wiki/1975" title="1975">1975</a></li> <li>Bildband <i>Pictures by J. R. R. Tolkien</i> posthum <a href="/wiki/1979" title="1979">1979</a></li> <li>Bréiwer <i>Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien</i> posthum <a href="/wiki/1981" title="1981">1981</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur_zum_Theema">Literatur zum Theema</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Abschnitt änneren: Literatur zum Theema" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&action=edit&section=13" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Literatur zum Theema"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Humphrey Carpenter, <i>J. R. R. Tolkien. Eine Biographie.</i> Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 2001, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:Bicher_mat_hirer_ISBN_sichen/3608934316" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-608-93431-6</a></li> <li>John Garth, <i>Tolkien and the Great War. The Threshold of Middle-Earth.</i> Houghton Mifflin, Boston 2003, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:Bicher_mat_hirer_ISBN_sichen/0618331298" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-618-33129-8</a>, Täschenbucheditioun 2005: <a href="/wiki/Spezial:Bicher_mat_hirer_ISBN_sichen/0618574816" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-618-57481-6</a></li> <li>Tom A. Shippey, <i>J. R. R. Tolkien. Autor des Jahrhunderts.</i> Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 2002, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:Bicher_mat_hirer_ISBN_sichen/3608934324" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-608-93432-4</a></li> <li>Wayne G. Hammond, Christina Scull, <i>J. R. R. Tolkien. Der Künstler.</i> Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 1996, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:Bicher_mat_hirer_ISBN_sichen/360893409X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-608-93409-X</a></li> <li>Ariel Pytrell, <i>El Profesor de los Anillos</i> Mondragón Ediciones, Buenos Aires 2003, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:Bicher_mat_hirer_ISBN_sichen/9872060703" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 987-20607-0-3</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kuckt_och">Kuckt och</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Abschnitt änneren: Kuckt och" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&action=edit&section=14" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Kuckt och"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="The Lord of the Rings">The Lord of the Rings</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Um_Spaweck">Um Spaweck</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Abschnitt änneren: Um Spaweck" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._R._R._Tolkien&action=edit&section=15" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Um Spaweck"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table border="0" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr valign="middle"> <td><div style="position:relative;overflow:hidden;width:15px;height:201x;z-index:2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span><div style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;padding-top:3px;z-index:3;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Haapts%C3%A4it" class="extiw" title="commons:Haaptsäit"><span style="float:left;width:15px;height:201x;font-size:201x;line-height:201x;word-spacing:15px;cursor:pointer;">   </span></a></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:John_Ronald_Reuel_Tolkien" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:John Ronald Reuel Tolkien">Commons: J. 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