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state</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: unmeasurable state"> <meta name="keywords" content="unmeasurable state"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="unmeasurable state"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 7352</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: unmeasurable state</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7352</span> Classic Training of a Neural Observer for Estimation Purposes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Loukil">R. Loukil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Chtourou"> M. Chtourou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Damak"> T. Damak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the training of multilayer neural network using the classic approach. Then, for estimation purposes, we suggest the use of a specific neural observer that we study its training algorithm which is the back-propagation one in the case of the disponibility of the state and in the case of an unmeasurable state. A MATLAB simulation example will be studied to highlight the usefulness of this kind of observer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training" title="training">training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=estimation%20purposes" title=" estimation purposes"> estimation purposes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20observer" title=" neural observer"> neural observer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=back-propagation" title=" back-propagation"> back-propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unmeasurable%20state" title=" unmeasurable state"> unmeasurable state</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21004/classic-training-of-a-neural-observer-for-estimation-purposes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21004.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">574</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7351</span> Stabilization of a Three-Pole Active Magnetic Bearing by Hybrid Control Method in Static Mode</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Kiani">Mahdi Kiani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Salarieh"> Hassan Salarieh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aria%20Alasty"> Aria Alasty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Mahdi%20Darbandi"> S. Mahdi Darbandi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The design and implementation of the hybrid control method for a three-pole active magnetic bearing (AMB) is proposed in this paper. The system is inherently nonlinear and conventional nonlinear controllers are a little complicated, while the proposed hybrid controller has a piecewise linear form, i.e. linear in each sub-region. A state-feedback hybrid controller is designed in this study, and the unmeasurable states are estimated by an observer. The gains of the hybrid controller are obtained by the Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) method in each sub-region. To evaluate the performance, the designed controller is implemented on an experimental setup in static mode. The experimental results show that the proposed method can efficiently stabilize the three-pole AMB system. The simplicity of design, domain of attraction, uncomplicated control law, and computational time are advantages of this method over other nonlinear control strategies in AMB systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20magnetic%20bearing" title="active magnetic bearing">active magnetic bearing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=three%20pole%20AMB" title=" three pole AMB"> three pole AMB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20control" title=" hybrid control"> hybrid control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lyapunov%20function" title=" Lyapunov function"> Lyapunov function</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53804/stabilization-of-a-three-pole-active-magnetic-bearing-by-hybrid-control-method-in-static-mode" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53804.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7350</span> Practical Techniques of Improving State Estimator Solution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kiamran%20Radjabli">Kiamran Radjabli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> State Estimator became an intrinsic part of Energy Management Systems (EMS). The SCADA measurements received from the field are processed by the State Estimator in order to accurately determine the actual operating state of the power systems and provide that information to other real-time network applications. All EMS vendors offer a State Estimator functionality in their baseline products. However, setting up and ensuring that State Estimator consistently produces a reliable solution often consumes a substantial engineering effort. This paper provides generic recommendations and describes a simple practical approach to efficient tuning of State Estimator, based on the working experience with major EMS software platforms and consulting projects in many electrical utilities of the USA. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convergence" title="convergence">convergence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monitoring" title=" monitoring"> monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20estimator" title=" state estimator"> state estimator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=troubleshooting" title=" troubleshooting"> troubleshooting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tuning" title=" tuning"> tuning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20systems" title=" power systems"> power systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124338/practical-techniques-of-improving-state-estimator-solution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124338.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7349</span> Varieties of State Role: Through the Case of East Asia's Broadband Policy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heesu%20Kim">Heesu Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper determines the varieties of state roles played in East Asia’s telecommunication market, regarding broadband industry. Technological capacity and the relationship between state and market affect the varieties of state role. In explaining the state’s engagement in the market, technology has always been considered as a necessary and sufficient condition. However technology variable has been useful in only explaining the extent of state’s involvement. This paper contributes by bringing in the political-economic factor, which is the relationship between state and market. This factor aids in distinguishing the varieties of state role played in emerging industries. Interaction between these two variables distinguishes 4 types of state roles played in the broadband industry. These roles are distinguished and characterized by the intensity of state’s intervention and the existence of technological capacity. This paper classifies four types of state role through the case of Singapore, China, Taiwan and Korea’s broadband industrial policy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=East%20Asia" title="East Asia">East Asia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrpreneurial%20state" title=" entrpreneurial state"> entrpreneurial state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20policy" title=" industrial policy"> industrial policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regulatory%20state" title=" regulatory state"> regulatory state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technological%20capacity" title=" technological capacity"> technological capacity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86317/varieties-of-state-role-through-the-case-of-east-asias-broadband-policy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86317.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7348</span> A New Nonlinear State-Space Model and Its Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Eqal%20Al%20Mazrooei">Abdullah Eqal Al Mazrooei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, a new nonlinear model will be introduced. The model is in the state-space form. The nonlinearity of this model is in the state equation where the state vector is multiplied by its self. This technique makes our model generalizes many famous models as Lotka-Volterra model and Lorenz model which have many applications in the real life. We will apply our new model to estimate the wind speed by using a new nonlinear estimator which suitable to work with our model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20systems" title="nonlinear systems">nonlinear systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state-space%20model" title=" state-space model"> state-space model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kronecker%20product" title=" Kronecker product"> Kronecker product</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20estimator" title=" nonlinear estimator"> nonlinear estimator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34407/a-new-nonlinear-state-space-model-and-its-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34407.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">691</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7347</span> Engaging with Security and State from a Gendered Lens in the South Asian Context: Indian State’s Construction of Internal Security and State Responses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pooja%20Bakshi">Pooja Bakshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the following paper, an attempt would be made to engage with the relationship between the state and the imperatives of security from a gendered lens. This will be juxtaposed with the feminist engagement with International Law. Theorizations from the literature on South Asian politics and Global politics would be applied to the manner in which the Indian state has defined and proposed to deal with concerns of internal security pertaining to the ‘Left Wing Extremism’ in 2010-2011. It would be argued that the state needs to be disaggregated into the legislature, executive and the judiciary; since there are times when some institutional parts of the state provide space for progressive democratic engagement whilst other institutions don’t. The specific contours of violence faced by women and children at the hands of the state, in the above-mentioned discourse would also be examined. In the end, implications of the security state discourse on debates in International Law would be elaborated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feminist%20engagement" title="feminist engagement">feminist engagement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title=" human rights"> human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20response%20to%20left%20extremism" title=" state response to left extremism"> state response to left extremism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20studies%20in%20South%20Asia" title=" security studies in South Asia"> security studies in South Asia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26487/engaging-with-security-and-state-from-a-gendered-lens-in-the-south-asian-context-indian-states-construction-of-internal-security-and-state-responses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26487.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">494</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7346</span> Sovereign State System in the Era of Globalisation: An Appraisal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dilip%20Gogoi">Dilip Gogoi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper attempts to explore the notion of sovereign state system, its emergence and legitimization by the treaty of Westphalia, 1648 in Europe and examines how the very notion of sovereign state is subject to changes in the later part of the 20th century both politically and economically in the wake of globalisation. The paper firstly traces the tradition of Westphalian sovereign state system which influenced the dominant understanding about sovereign state system till mid 20th century. Secondly, it explores how the notion of sovereign nation state is subjected to change in the post World War II specially in the context of universal acceptance of human rights and right to intervene in internal affairs of a sovereign state to protect the same, the decolonization and legitimization of the principle of self determination and through the experience of European Integration. Thirdly, it analyses how globalisation drives certain fundamental changes and poses challenges to the sovereign state system. The concluding part of the paper argues that sovereign state system is relevant and will continue to be relevant although it needs to redefine its role in the changing global environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Westphalia" title="Westphalia">Westphalia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sovereignty" title=" sovereignty"> sovereignty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nation-state%20system" title=" nation-state system"> nation-state system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intervention" title=" intervention"> intervention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=globalisation" title=" globalisation "> globalisation </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18127/sovereign-state-system-in-the-era-of-globalisation-an-appraisal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18127.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">443</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7345</span> Adaptive Transmission Scheme Based on Channel State in Dual-Hop System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung-Jun%20Yu">Seung-Jun Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong-Jun%20Kim"> Yong-Jun Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung-In%20Baik"> Jung-In Baik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyoung-Kyu%20Song"> Hyoung-Kyu Song</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a dual-hop relay based on channel state is studied. In the conventional relay scheme, a relay uses the same modulation method without reference to channel state. But, a relay uses an adaptive modulation method with reference to channel state. If the channel state is poor, a relay eliminates latter 2 bits and uses Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation. If channel state is good, a relay modulates the received symbols with 16-QAM symbols by using 4 bits. The performance of the proposed scheme for Symbol Error Rate (SER) and throughput is analyzed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20transmission" title="adaptive transmission">adaptive transmission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=channel%20state" title=" channel state"> channel state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-hop" title=" dual-hop"> dual-hop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hierarchical%20modulation" title=" hierarchical modulation"> hierarchical modulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relay" title=" relay"> relay</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52599/adaptive-transmission-scheme-based-on-channel-state-in-dual-hop-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52599.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7344</span> The State in Africa and the twenty-First Century Global Economic Relations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunday%20Ofum%20Ogon">Sunday Ofum Ogon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The 1648 Westphalia Conference in Europe ushered in the state as the only legal entity with powers to engage in interstate relations on matters that bothers on the development need of her citizens. This epochal entry of the state reshaped global relations with the curtailment of the powers of individual and groups in external relations as the state became the only entity that acted on behalf of any individual or non-state actors like NGOs residing within the parameters of such a country. Thus, the paper interrogated the extent at which the state determines her Politico-Economic relations with regards to development and growth within the state. To achieve these objectives, the paper relied on documentary evidences wherein the qualitative descriptive method was used for data collection and analysis. The paper exploited the facilities of the Rentier State theory as a guide to the study. It was revealed at the end of the study that the 21st century global economic relations is largely determine by international organizations as exemplified by the World Bank and the International Monitory Fund (IMF) where their activities in the continent has undermined state sovereignty. Hence the paper recommended amongst others that states should look inward for development strategies rather than relying on handout from supra-national organizations which has infringe on their sovereignty. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=State" title="State ">State </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Global" title=" Global "> Global </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rentier%20state" title=" Rentier state"> Rentier state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Twenty-First%20Century" title=" Twenty-First Century"> Twenty-First Century</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121845/the-state-in-africa-and-the-twenty-first-century-global-economic-relations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121845.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7343</span> Development and State in Brazil: How Do Some Institutions Think and Influence These Issues</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alessandro%20Andre%20Leme">Alessandro Andre Leme</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To analyze three Brazilian think tanks: a) Fernando Henrique Foundation; b) Celso Furtado International Center; c) Millennium Institute and how they dispute interpretations about the type of development and State that should be adopted in Brazil. We will make use of Network and content analysis of the sites. The analyzes show a dispute that goes from a defense of ultraliberalism to developmentalism, going through a hybrid between State and Market voiced in each of the Think Tanks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sociopolitical%20and%20economic%20thinking" title="sociopolitical and economic thinking">sociopolitical and economic thinking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategies" title=" strategies"> strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intellectuals" title=" intellectuals"> intellectuals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state" title=" state"> state</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153525/development-and-state-in-brazil-how-do-some-institutions-think-and-influence-these-issues" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153525.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7342</span> A Mathematical Model of Power System State Estimation for Power Flow Solution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Benhamida">F. Benhamida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Graa"> A. Graa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Benameur"> L. Benameur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Ziane"> I. Ziane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The state estimation of the electrical power system operation state is very important for supervising task. With the nonlinearity of the AC power flow model, the state estimation problem (SEP) is a nonlinear mathematical problem with many local optima. This paper treat the mathematical model for the SEP and the monitoring of the nonlinear systems of great dimensions with an application on power electrical system, the modelling, the analysis and state estimation synthesis in order to supervise the power system behavior. in fact, it is very difficult, to see impossible, (for reasons of accessibility, techniques and/or of cost) to measure the excessive number of the variables of state in a large-sized system. It is thus important to develop software sensors being able to produce a reliable estimate of the variables necessary for the diagnosis and also for the control. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20system" title="power system">power system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20estimation" title=" state estimation"> state estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robustness" title=" robustness"> robustness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=observability" title=" observability"> observability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36293/a-mathematical-model-of-power-system-state-estimation-for-power-flow-solution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36293.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">523</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7341</span> State Estimation Method Based on Unscented Kalman Filter for Vehicle Nonlinear Dynamics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wataru%20Nakamura">Wataru Nakamura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomoaki%20Hashimoto"> Tomoaki Hashimoto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liang-Kuang%20Chen"> Liang-Kuang Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper provides a state estimation method for automatic control systems of nonlinear vehicle dynamics. A nonlinear tire model is employed to represent the realistic behavior of a vehicle. In general, all the state variables of control systems are not precisedly known, because those variables are observed through output sensors and limited parts of them might be only measurable. Hence, automatic control systems must incorporate some type of state estimation. It is needed to establish a state estimation method for nonlinear vehicle dynamics with restricted measurable state variables. For this purpose, unscented Kalman filter method is applied in this study for estimating the state variables of nonlinear vehicle dynamics. The objective of this paper is to propose a state estimation method using unscented Kalman filter for nonlinear vehicle dynamics. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by numerical simulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20estimation" title="state estimation">state estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20systems" title=" control systems"> control systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=observer%20systems" title=" observer systems"> observer systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20systems" title=" nonlinear systems"> nonlinear systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118764/state-estimation-method-based-on-unscented-kalman-filter-for-vehicle-nonlinear-dynamics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118764.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7340</span> Secularism and Political Inclusion: Turkey in the 2000s</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edgar%20Sar">Edgar Sar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For more than a decade, secularism’s compatibility with religion has been called into question. Particularly, secular states’ exclusionary practices were raised to prove that secularism is not necessary for democracy. Meanwhile, with the debut of Turkey’s Justice and Development Party (AKP) in 2002, Turkish state’s approach to religion has gradually changed. It is argued in that presentation that this change has led Turkey to a process of de-secularization, which refers to a considerable regress in state’s inclusionary and pluralist credentials. In this regard, this study both reflects on the relationship between secularism and democracy within the context of Turkish experience and analyses the consequences of the process of de-secularization of state in Turkey. To analyze Turkish state’s changing approach to religion and measure the de-secularization of the state, the connection between state and religion will be examined in three levels: ends, institutions, and law and policies. The presentation will indicate that Turkish state’s connection with religion in all three levels significantly weakened its secular credentials, which at the same time risked state’s commitment to neutrality, freedom of conscience and equality. In this regard, the change in Turkish state’s approach to religion throughout the 2000s, which this study refers to as the process of the de-secularization of the state, also brought about a process of de-democratization for Turkey. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AKP" title="AKP">AKP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20inclusion" title=" political inclusion"> political inclusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secularism" title=" secularism"> secularism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkey" title=" Turkey"> Turkey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49192/secularism-and-political-inclusion-turkey-in-the-2000s" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49192.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">347</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7339</span> The Standardization of Colorado Schools to Offer Opportunity Through Equal Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heather%20Caldwell">Heather Caldwell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In 1915, state superintendent, Mary C.C. Bradford initiated a state standardization plan in order to improve the quality of schools and the educational experience for all children in Colorado. This plan would change the schools, improving them and offering more opportunities for children, teachers, and the community. In a state where geography limited opportunity to make all schools equal and brought challenges to state school leaders to improve education throughout the state, the leadership prevailed and worked together with local schools and school leaders to make drastic improvements in the curriculum. This paper will discuss this plan and will highlight key contributions to this standardization plan that improved opportunities for all students in the state of Colorado through these educational initiatives. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=history%20of%20education" title="history of education">history of education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standardization" title=" standardization"> standardization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curriculum" title=" curriculum"> curriculum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20superintendent" title=" state superintendent"> state superintendent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%20in%20education" title=" women in education"> women in education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183342/the-standardization-of-colorado-schools-to-offer-opportunity-through-equal-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183342.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">53</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7338</span> Studies of Substituent and Solvent Effect on Spectroscopic Properties Of 6-OH-4-CH3, 7-OH-4-CH3 and 7-OH-4-CF3 Coumarin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjay%20Kumar">Sanjay Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper reports the solvent effects on the electronic absorption and fluorescence emission spectra of 6-OH-4-CH3, 7-OH-4-CH3 and 7-OH-4-CF3 coumarin derivatives having -OH, -CH3 and -CF3 substituent at different positions in various solvents (Polar and Non-Polar). The first excited singlet state dipole moment and ground state dipole moment were calculated using Bakhshiev, Kawski-Chamma-Viallet and Reichardt-Dimroth equations and were compared for all the coumarin studied. In all cases the dipole moments were found to be higher in the excited singlet state than in the ground state indicating a substantial redistribution of Π-electron density in the excited state. The angle between the excited singlet state and ground state dipole moment is also calculated. The red shift of the absorption and fluorescence emission bands, observed for all the coumarin studied upon increasing the solvent polarity indicating that the electronic transitions were Π → Π* nature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coumarin" title="coumarin">coumarin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solvent%20effects" title=" solvent effects"> solvent effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=absorption%20spectra" title=" absorption spectra"> absorption spectra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emission%20spectra" title=" emission spectra"> emission spectra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=excited%20singlet%20state%20dipole%20moment" title=" excited singlet state dipole moment"> excited singlet state dipole moment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20state%20dipole%20moment" title=" ground state dipole moment"> ground state dipole moment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solvatochromism" title=" solvatochromism"> solvatochromism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29723/studies-of-substituent-and-solvent-effect-on-spectroscopic-properties-of-6-oh-4-ch3-7-oh-4-ch3-and-7-oh-4-cf3-coumarin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29723.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">833</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7337</span> The Role of the State Budget: An Evaluation of Public Expenditures and Taxes in Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erdal%20Ero%C4%9Flu">Erdal Eroğlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96zhan%20%C3%87etinkaya"> Özhan Çetinkaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to show how state plays a regulatory role in the relations of distribution by analyzing tax and expenditure in Turkey. This paper has two main arguments. First, state intervenes in economic and social life via budget policies and steers the relations of distribution within the scope of the reproduction of the capital accumulation and legitimacy. Secondly, a great amount of public expenditure benefits capital owners while state gains its tax income mainly from low and middle income groups. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distribution" title="distribution">distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20expenditure" title=" public expenditure"> public expenditure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20budget" title=" state budget"> state budget</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=taxes" title=" taxes"> taxes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35601/the-role-of-the-state-budget-an-evaluation-of-public-expenditures-and-taxes-in-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">531</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7336</span> The Role of Police in Counterinsurgency: A Case Study of Tripura</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yagnik%20Patel">Yagnik Patel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper will analyze and explain two main objectives. First, it will examine the emergence of the insurgency in the state of Tripura. The State of Tripura was facing the full blow of insurgency problem since 1978 after the formation of Tripura National Volunteers (TNV). But, the roots of this insurgency were found even before 1978. This study will analyze the roots and trajectory of insurgency in the Tripura. Second, it will examine the role played by the police in counterinsurgency in the State of Tripura. Even though state police are mandated for the maintenance of the law and order and public order (like every police), the state police of Tripura have played a significant role in curbing the insurgency by enhancing their counterinsurgency (COIN) capabilities and re-structuring the new comprehensive COIN doctrine. And by the end of May 2015, the State Government has lifted The Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA) from the State of Tripura, as declaiming of the violence. The fight against the insurgency, usually done by the military or para-military, but nowadays the police organization is also becoming a vital state apparatus. After Punjab police and Andhra Pradesh police, Tripura police have also successfully curbed the insurgency from the state. This was the third time when successful counterinsurgency did by the state police in India. This has shown the importance of the police in the fight against the insurgency. In this regard, this paper will use both quantitative and qualitative research methods for an explanatory case study to analyze and explain the roots, causes and the trajectory of insurgency in the state of Tripura and the role played by the police in COIN in Tripura. Along with this, the paper will also examine the successful ‘Police Model of Tripura’. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=counterinsurgency" title="counterinsurgency">counterinsurgency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insurgency" title=" insurgency"> insurgency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=police" title=" police"> police</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tripura%20state%20rifles" title=" Tripura state rifles "> Tripura state rifles </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97846/the-role-of-police-in-counterinsurgency-a-case-study-of-tripura" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97846.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7335</span> Debate, Discontent and National Identity in a Secular State </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Man%20Bahadur%20Shahu">Man Bahadur Shahu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The secularism is a controversial, debatable and misinterpreted issue since its endorsement in the 2007 constitution in Nepal. The unprecedented acts have been seen favoring and disfavoring against the secularism within the public domain—which creates the fallacies and suspicions in the rationalization and modernization process. This paper highlights three important points: first, the secularization suddenly ruptures the silence and institutional decline of religion within the state. Second, state effort on secularism simultaneously fosters the state neutrality and state separation from religious institutions that amplify the recognition of all religious groups through the equal treatment in their festivity, rituals, and practices. Third, no state would completely secular because of their deep-rooted mindset and disposition with their own religious faiths and beliefs that largely enhance intergroup conflict, dispute, riot and turbulence in post-secular period in the name of proselytizing and conversion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflict" title="conflict">conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proselytizing" title=" proselytizing"> proselytizing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religion" title=" religion"> religion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secular" title=" secular"> secular</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99708/debate-discontent-and-national-identity-in-a-secular-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99708.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7334</span> Ground State Phases in Two-Mode Quantum Rabi Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suren%20Chilingaryan">Suren Chilingaryan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We study two models describing a single two-level system coupled to two boson field modes in either a parallel or orthogonal setup. Both models may be feasible for experimental realization through Raman adiabatic driving in cavity QED. We study their ground state configurations; that is, we find the quantum precursors of the corresponding semi-classical phase transitions. We found that the ground state configurations of both models present the same critical coupling as the quantum Rabi model. Around this critical coupling, the ground state goes from the so-called normal configuration with no excitation, the qubit in the ground state and the fields in the quantum vacuum state, to a ground state with excitations, the qubit in a superposition of ground and excited state, while the fields are not in the vacuum anymore, for the first model. The second model shows a more complex ground state configuration landscape where we find the normal configuration mentioned above, two single-mode configurations, where just one of the fields and the qubit are excited, and a dual-mode configuration, where both fields and the qubit are excited. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20optics" title="quantum optics">quantum optics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20phase%20transition" title=" quantum phase transition"> quantum phase transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cavity%20QED" title=" cavity QED"> cavity QED</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circuit%20QED" title=" circuit QED"> circuit QED</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53277/ground-state-phases-in-two-mode-quantum-rabi-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53277.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7333</span> From Protector to Violator: Assessing State's Role in Protecting Freedom of Religion in Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manotar%20Tampubolon">Manotar Tampubolon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Indonesia is a country that upholds the law, human rights and religious freedom. The freedom that implied in various laws and constitution (Undang-undang 1945) is not necessarily applicable in practice of religious life. In one side, the state has a duty as protector and guarantor of freedom, on the other side, however, it turns into one of the actors of freedom violations of religion minority. State action that interferes freedom of religion is done in various ways both intentionally or negligently or not to perform its obligations in the enforcement of human rights (human rights due diligence). Besides the state, non-state actors such as religious organizations, individuals also become violators of the rights of religious freedom. This article will discuss two fundamental issues that interfere freedom of religion in Indonesia after democratic era. In addition, this article also discusses a comprehensive state policy that discriminates minority religions to manifest their faith. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religious%20freedom" title="religious freedom">religious freedom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constitution" title=" constitution"> constitution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minority%20faith" title=" minority faith"> minority faith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20actor" title=" state actor"> state actor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64690/from-protector-to-violator-assessing-states-role-in-protecting-freedom-of-religion-in-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64690.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7332</span> Islamic State: Franchising Jihad through the New Caliphate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Janiel%20David%20Melamed%20Visbal">Janiel David Melamed Visbal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Islamic State has become one of the most remarkable threats for international security through their religious extremism and their establishment of a new caliphate by force. The main objective of this organization is to obtain territorial expansions beyond the Middle East and eventually to consolidate an Islamic global order based on their extremist ideology. This paper will conduct an analysis regarding how, over the past year, many jihadist organizations worldwide have pledged their alliagance to the Islamic State, transforming it into the most important jihadist franchise globally. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20state" title="Islamic state">Islamic state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=franchise" title=" franchise"> franchise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jihad" title=" jihad"> jihad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20fundamentalism" title=" Islamic fundamentalism"> Islamic fundamentalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caliphate" title=" caliphate"> caliphate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46178/islamic-state-franchising-jihad-through-the-new-caliphate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46178.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7331</span> Definition, Structure, and Core Functions of the State Image</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosa%20Nurtazina">Rosa Nurtazina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yerkebulan%20Zhumashov"> Yerkebulan Zhumashov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maral%20Tomanova"> Maral Tomanova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Humanity is entering an era when 'virtual reality' as the image of the world created by the media with the help of the Internet does not match the reality in many respects, when new communication technologies create a fundamentally different and previously unknown 'global space'. According to these technologies, the state begins to change the basic technology of political communication of the state and society, the state and the state. Nowadays, image of the state becomes the most important tool and technology. Image is a purposefully created image granting political object (person, organization, country, etc.) certain social and political values and promoting more emotional perception. Political image of the state plays an important role in international relations. The success of the country's foreign policy, development of trade and economic relations with other countries depends on whether it is positive or negative. Foreign policy image has an impact on political processes taking place in the state: the negative image of the countries can be used by opposition forces as one of the arguments to criticize the government and its policies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20of%20the%20country" title="image of the country">image of the country</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=country%27s%20image%20classification" title=" country's image classification"> country's image classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=function%20of%20the%20country%20image" title=" function of the country image"> function of the country image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=country%27s%20image%20components" title=" country's image components"> country's image components</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5104/definition-structure-and-core-functions-of-the-state-image" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5104.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7330</span> Directors’ Liability for Losses Incurred in the Management of PT Merpati Nusantara Airlines, Persero</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eny%20Suastuti">Eny Suastuti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is about state’s capital equity in establishing State-owned Company (PT Merpati Persero). Under private law regime, PT Merpati Persero equity is a state asset allocated separately from the State Budget. Consequently, it is no longer a state asset; rather, it becomes a part of company assets. The adoption of Act No. 17 of 2003 on State Finance, Act No. 31 of 1999, which is amended by Act No. 20 of 2001 on Eradication of Corrupt Practices, Act No. 15 of 2004 on Auditing, Management, and Accountability of State Finance, and Act No. 15 of 2006 Audit Board raises legal issues of whether State-owned Company’s (PT Merpati Persero) loss may be deemed as loss on state finance made by the Directors of PT Merpati Persero, which implication leads to corrupt practices conducted by the Directors. The principle of civil law states that state assets are separated from the state budget is not a government asset. Therefore the case of a lease agreement 2 (two) units of Boeing 737-400 and Boeing 737-500 between PT Merpati Nusantara Airlines with companies Third Stone Aircraft Leasing Group (TALG) the United States cannot be prosecuted under Articles 2 and 3 of Act No. 31 of 1999 Jo Act No. 20 of 2001 on Eradication of Corrupt Practices (Law PTPK). From this paper, three things are found. First, state’s capital equity, which has been allocated separately from state assets in establishing the PT Merpati Perserois not state asset; rather, it is company’s asset. Second, in the case of mismanagement leading to company loss, the Directors of PT Merpati Persero may not be charged with committing corrupt practice as prescribed in Articles 2 and 3 of Corrupt Practices Eradication Law. Third, misperception has been made by judicial practices since the courts consider loss in certain transaction made by Directors of PT Merpati Persero to be loss of state finance whose implication is applicability of Articles 2 and 3 of Corrupt Practices Eradication Law. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrupt%20practice" title="corrupt practice">corrupt practice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loss" title=" loss"> loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%27s%20capital%20equity" title=" state's capital equity"> state's capital equity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20finance%20%28PT%20Merpati%20Persero%29" title=" state finance (PT Merpati Persero)"> state finance (PT Merpati Persero)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71196/directors-liability-for-losses-incurred-in-the-management-of-pt-merpati-nusantara-airlines-persero" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71196.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">261</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7329</span> Solid-State Sodium Conductor for Solid-State Battery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yumei%20Wang">Yumei Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoyu%20Xu"> Xiaoyu Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Lu"> Li Lu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Solid-state battery adopts solid-state electrolyte such as oxide- and composite-based solid electrolytes. With the adaption of nonflammable or less flammable solid electrolytes, the safety of solid-state batteries can be largely increased. NASICON (Na₃Zr₂Si₂PO₁₂, NZSP) is one of the sodium ion conductors that possess relatively high ionic conductivity, wide electrochemical stable range and good chemical stability. Therefore, it has received increased attention. We report the development of high-density NZSP through liquid phase sintering and its organic-inorganic composite electrolyte. Through reactive liquid phase sintering, the grain boundary conductivity can be largely enhanced while using an organic-inorganic composite electrolyte, interfacial wetting and impedance can be largely reduced hence being possible to fabricate scalable solid-state batteries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid-state%20electrolyte" title="solid-state electrolyte">solid-state electrolyte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20electrolyte" title=" composite electrolyte"> composite electrolyte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20performance" title=" electrochemical performance"> electrochemical performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conductivity" title=" conductivity"> conductivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169003/solid-state-sodium-conductor-for-solid-state-battery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169003.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7328</span> Lithium-Ion Battery State of Charge Estimation Using One State Hysteresis Model with Nonlinear Estimation Strategies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Farag">Mohammed Farag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mina%20Attari"> Mina Attari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Andrew%20Gadsden"> S. Andrew Gadsden</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeid%20R.%20Habibi"> Saeid R. Habibi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Battery state of charge (SOC) estimation is an important parameter as it measures the total amount of electrical energy stored at a current time. The SOC percentage acts as a fuel gauge if it is compared with a conventional vehicle. Estimating the SOC is, therefore, essential for monitoring the amount of useful life remaining in the battery system. This paper looks at the implementation of three nonlinear estimation strategies for Li-Ion battery SOC estimation. One of the most common behavioral battery models is the one state hysteresis (OSH) model. The extended Kalman filter (EKF), the smooth variable structure filter (SVSF), and the time-varying smoothing boundary layer SVSF are applied on this model, and the results are compared. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20of%20charge%20estimation" title="state of charge estimation">state of charge estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=battery%20modeling" title=" battery modeling"> battery modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=one-state%20hysteresis" title=" one-state hysteresis"> one-state hysteresis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filtering%20and%20estimation" title=" filtering and estimation"> filtering and estimation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68017/lithium-ion-battery-state-of-charge-estimation-using-one-state-hysteresis-model-with-nonlinear-estimation-strategies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68017.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7327</span> Analyzing the Politico-Religious Order of The 'Islamic State'</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Galit%20Truman%20Zinman">Galit Truman Zinman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The 'Islamic State' (IS) is one of the most successful jihadist groups in the modern history. The 'Islamic State' strives to realize the idea of erasing the borders between Muslim countries and establishing a wide Islamic caliphate. The 'Islamic State' is based on religious unity and opposition to existing political order. In this paper, the main argument is that the 'Islamic State' is characterized by two significant tendencies of state-building: preservation and change. The methodology of this study is based on the process tracing method and the analysis of primary sources: decisions, announcements and speeches of religious leaders of the Islamic State, slogans, rituals and symbols, audio and video clips produced by the Al-Hayat Media Center, films distributed on YouTube, as well as the content analysis of Dabiq`s articles (IS official Journal) and nasheeds (jihadi songs). The major findings of this study indicate that in practice the 'Islamic State' uses the same socio-political functions typical to the modern state (preservation), but introduces a different religious-ideological content (change). On the one hand, there is a preservation of the principles of existing modern state. Even with the rejection of secularization, globalization, and nationalism, there is an establishment of typical modern nation-state patterns. It is still a state entity, which has an ideological infrastructure, territory, population, governance and a monopoly on the use of violence, security services, justice system, tax collection, etc. All these functions characterize the modern state, and despite the desire of the 'Islamic State' to create a new kind of state, it reminds patterns of the typical modern nation-state. As for the religious-ideological content of the new state, here we can see a tendency of great change. The 'Islamic State' aims to create an Islamic caliphate which would allow the establishment of religious law and order, under a big commitment to return civilization to a seventh-century environment. The 'Islamic State' favors the fight against Western culture and its liberal ideology. It supports the struggle for global jihad against the unbelievers. Today, despite the territorial 'contraction' and the undermining of the organization's governance in Iraq and Syria, the 'Islamic State' continues to maintain its brand among jihadist activists around the world. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20State" title="Islamic State">Islamic State</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20caliphate" title=" Islamic caliphate"> Islamic caliphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modern%20nation-state" title=" modern nation-state"> modern nation-state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religious%20law%20and%20order" title=" religious law and order"> religious law and order</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81139/analyzing-the-politico-religious-order-of-the-islamic-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81139.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7326</span> Positive Obligations of the State Concerning the Protection of Human Rights</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monika%20Florczak-Wator">Monika Florczak-Wator</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The model of positive obligations of the state concerning the protection of the rights of an individual was created within the jurisdiction of the German Federal Constitutional Court in the 1970s. That model assumes that the state should protect an individual against infringement of their fundamental rights by another individual. It is based on the idea concerning the modification of the function and duties of the state towards an individual and society. Initially the state was perceived as the main infringer of the fundamental rights of an individual formulating the individual’s obligations of negative nature (obligation of noninterference), however, at present the state is perceived as a guarantor and protector of the fundamental rights of an individual of positive nature (obligation of protection). Examination of the chosen judicial decisions of that court will enable us to determine what the obligation of protection is specifically about, when it is updated and whether it is accompanied by claims of an individual requesting the state to take actions protecting their fundamental rights against infringement by the private entities. The comparative perspective for the German model of positive obligations of the state will be an analogous model present in the jurisdiction of the European Court of Human Rights. It is justified to include it in the research as the Convention, similarly to the constitution, focuses on the protection of an individual against the infringement of their rights by the state and both models have been developed within the jurisdiction for several dozens of years. Analysis of the provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland as well as judgements of the Polish Constitutional Tribunal will allow for the presentation of the application the model of the protective duties of the state in Poland. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title="human rights">human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horizontal%20relationships" title=" horizontal relationships"> horizontal relationships</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constitution" title=" constitution"> constitution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20protection" title=" state protection"> state protection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21404/positive-obligations-of-the-state-concerning-the-protection-of-human-rights" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21404.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">484</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7325</span> Correlates of Tourism and Power Alleviation: A Case Study of Osun Osogbo</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohood%20A.%20Bamidele">Mohood A. Bamidele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadairo%20O.%20Olokesunsi"> Fadairo O. Olokesunsi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammed%20A.%20Yunus"> Muhammed A. Yunus </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research work focuses on tourism and poverty alleviation in Osun State, it delves in the tourism resources of the state and strategic framework that has been put in place to manage the cultural base tourism that is most prominent in the state. The major instrument used for data collection was questionnaire which was designed for the area and data collected were analyzed using statistical table and chi-square analysis. The result revealed that tourism is under development in Osun State and the tourism potential of the state is yet to be exploited, this is due to lack of appropriate policy to master the development and management of tourism resources, poor publicity, awareness, and lack of adequate basic infrastructure. The research work, therefore, recommended, that, there should be proper and appropriate policy, and that the government should take a leading step to develop tourism in Osun State by creating a workable environment to the private sector and given a substantial budgetary allocation to the tourism in the state. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=appropriate%20policy" title="appropriate policy">appropriate policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poor%20publicity" title=" poor publicity"> poor publicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poverty%20alleviation" title=" poverty alleviation"> poverty alleviation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=substantial%20budgetary%20allocation" title=" substantial budgetary allocation"> substantial budgetary allocation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80075/correlates-of-tourism-and-power-alleviation-a-case-study-of-osun-osogbo" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80075.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7324</span> Necro-Power, Paramilitarism, and Sovereignty: An Interpretation of Colombian Paramilitarism as Symptom of the Formation Process of the (Neo)Liberal Democratic State</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julian%20David%20Rios%20Acuna">Julian David Rios Acuna</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper seeks to argue that the phenomenon of ‘paramilitarism’ in Colombia exhibits the role of violence as constitutive of the political process of state formation in the country. In order to do this, it takes as its point of departure a landmark moment in the long history of private armies known as the ‘paramilitary’ in Colombia. In 2001, paramilitary commanders, politicians, and members of the military and other branches of state power singed what is known as the ‘Pact of Ralito.’ In this pact, the paramilitary appropriated constitutional and legal language. The paper argues that this appropriation shows that the paramilitary and the state express the same claim to sovereign power and therefore have the same foundation. More precisely, paramilitary power shows itself to base its power on the same foundation as the legal order, namely, extreme forms of violence where death is generative of power. In this sense, the paper shows how, by sharing its foundation, Colombian paramilitarism exhibits that state power in Colombia can be characterized as necro-power as Achille Mbembe understands it. The paper argues that paramilitarism shows state power as necro-power by constituting itself as a symptom understood, following Zizek, as that which both shows and overthrows its own foundation. In this way, paramilitarism shows the foundation of the state, thereby reconfiguring this very state. This reconfiguration, explicitly based on necro-power, the paper concludes, transforms the state into a form more appropriate to the political demands of neo-liberalism. By exhibiting its foundation in necro-power through paramilitarism, the Colombian State turns from a liberal into a (neo)liberal democracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=necro-power" title="necro-power">necro-power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=necropolitics" title=" necropolitics"> necropolitics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paramilitarism%20in%20Colombia" title=" paramilitarism in Colombia"> paramilitarism in Colombia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20formation" title=" state formation"> state formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20power" title=" state power"> state power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sovereign%20power" title=" sovereign power"> sovereign power</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122846/necro-power-paramilitarism-and-sovereignty-an-interpretation-of-colombian-paramilitarism-as-symptom-of-the-formation-process-of-the-neoliberal-democratic-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122846.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7323</span> Measuring the Unmeasurable: A Project of High Risk Families Prediction and Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peifang%20Hsieh">Peifang Hsieh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The prevention of child abuse has aroused serious concerns in Taiwan because of the disparity between the increasing amount of reported child abuse cases that doubled over the past decade and the scarcity of social workers. New Taipei city, with the most population in Taiwan and over 70% of its 4 million citizens are migrant families in which the needs of children can be easily neglected due to insufficient support from relatives and communities, sees urgency for a social support system, by preemptively identifying and outreaching high-risk families of child abuse, so as to offer timely assistance and preventive measure to safeguard the welfare of the children. Big data analysis is the inspiration. As it was clear that high-risk families of child abuse have certain characteristics in common, New Taipei city decides to consolidate detailed background information data from departments of social affairs, education, labor, and health (for example considering status of parents’ employment, health, and if they are imprisoned, fugitives or under substance abuse), to cross-reference for accurate and prompt identification of the high-risk families in need. 'The Service Center for High-Risk Families' (SCHF) was established to integrate data cross-departmentally. By utilizing the machine learning 'random forest method' to build a risk prediction model which can early detect families that may very likely to have child abuse occurrence, the SCHF marks high-risk families red, yellow, or green to indicate the urgency for intervention, so as to those families concerned can be provided timely services. The accuracy and recall rates of the above model were 80% and 65%. This prediction model can not only improve the child abuse prevention process by helping social workers differentiate the risk level of newly reported cases, which may further reduce their major workload significantly but also can be referenced for future policy-making. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20abuse" title="child abuse">child abuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-risk%20families" title=" high-risk families"> high-risk families</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=big%20data%20analysis" title=" big data analysis"> big data analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20prediction%20model" title=" risk prediction model"> risk prediction model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89146/measuring-the-unmeasurable-a-project-of-high-risk-families-prediction-and-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89146.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unmeasurable%20state&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unmeasurable%20state&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unmeasurable%20state&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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