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<div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Nomination and election</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nomination_and_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tenure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tenure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Tenure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tenure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Legacy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Honors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-People's_views" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#People's_views"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>People's views</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-People's_views-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Structures_named_in_honor_of_Dag_Hammarskjöld" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structures_named_in_honor_of_Dag_Hammarskjöld"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Structures named in honor of Dag Hammarskjöld</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Structures_named_in_honor_of_Dag_Hammarskjöld-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_commemorations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_commemorations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Other commemorations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_commemorations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Depictions_in_music_and_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Depictions_in_music_and_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Depictions in music and popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Depictions_in_music_and_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Dag Hammarskjöld</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Available in 92 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-92" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">92 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA_%D9%87%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF" title="داغ همرشولد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="داغ همرشولد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%A1%D5%AF_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B4%D6%80%D5%AD%D5%A7%D6%85%D5%AC%D5%BF" title="Տակ Համրխէօլտ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Տակ Համրխէօլտ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daq_Hammar%C5%9Feld" title="Daq Hammarşeld – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Daq Hammarşeld" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%97_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1" title="দগ হামারহোল্ড – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দগ হামারহোল্ড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4" title="Даг Хамаршэльд – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Даг Хамаршэльд" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4" title="Даг Гамаршэльд – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Даг Гамаршэльд" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B4" title="Даг Хамаршелд – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Даг Хамаршелд" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BA_%CE%A7%CE%AC%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BD%CF%84" title="Νταγκ Χάμαρσκελντ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νταγκ Χάμαρσκελντ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%DA%AF_%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF" title="داگ هامرشولد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="داگ هامرشولد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8B%A4%EA%B7%B8_%ED%95%A8%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%EC%85%B8%EB%93%9C" title="다그 함마르셸드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="다그 함마르셸드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%A1%D5%A3_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B7%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%A4" title="Դագ Համարշոլդ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դագ Համարշոլդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="डैग हैमरस्क्जोंल्ड – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="डैग हैमरस्क्जोंल्ड" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%90%D7%92_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%93" title="דאג המרשלד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דאג המרשלד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%92_%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="დაგ ჰამარშელდი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დაგ ჰამარშელდი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4" title="Даг Хаммаршельд – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Даг Хаммаршельд" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C4%81gs_Hammar%C5%A1elds" title="Dāgs Hammaršelds – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dāgs Hammaršelds" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="डग हमरसल्ड – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="डग हमरसल्ड" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B4" title="Даг Хамаршелд – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Даг Хамаршелд" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BE%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D" title="ഡാഗ് ഹാമർഷോൾഡ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഡാഗ് ഹാമർഷോൾഡ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="दाग हामारहोएल्ड – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="दाग हामारहोएल्ड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AC_%D9%87%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF" title="داج همرشولد – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="داج همرشولد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D1%91%D0%BB%D0%B4" title="Даг Хаммаршёлд – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Даг Хаммаршёлд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%92%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%9F%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8" title="ဒက် ဟမ်းမားရှိုး – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဒက် ဟမ်းမားရှိုး" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="डग हमरसल्ड – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="डग हमरसल्ड" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%80%E3%82%B0%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8F%E3%83%9E%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89" title="ダグ・ハマーショルド – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ダグ・ハマーショルド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%DA%AF_%DB%81%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF" title="داگ ہمارشولد – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="داگ ہمارشولد" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D1%91%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4,_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Хаммаршёльд, Даг – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хаммаршёльд, Даг" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A9%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%8A" title="ඩග් හැමර්හල්ඩ් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඩග් හැමර්හල්ඩ්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%DA%AF_%DA%BE%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%85%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%88%DB%8E%D9%84%D8%AF" title="داگ ھاممەرشوێلد – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="داگ ھاممەرشوێلد" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B4" title="Даг Хамаршелд – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Даг Хамаршелд" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B9%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B7%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D" title="டாக் ஹமாஷெல்ட் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="டாக் ஹமாஷெல்ட்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81_%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ด๊าก ฮัมมาร์เฮิลด์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ด๊าก ฮัมมาร์เฮิลด์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D2%91_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4" title="Даґ Гаммаршельд – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Даґ Гаммаршельд" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%DA%AF_%DB%81%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF" title="داگ ہمارشولد – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="داگ ہمارشولد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Dag Hammarskjöld" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E6%A0%BC%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E9%A9%AC%E8%88%8D%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7" title="达格·哈马舍尔德 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Dag Hammarskjöld</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld.jpg/220px-Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld.jpg/330px-Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld.jpg/440px-Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2442" data-file-height="3462" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Hammarskjöld in the 1950s</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">2nd <a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations" title="Secretary-General of the United Nations">Secretary-General of the United Nations</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />10 April 1953 – 18 September 1961</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Trygve_Lie" title="Trygve Lie">Trygve Lie</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/U_Thant" title="U Thant">Thant</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Dag Hjalmar Agne Carl Hammarskjöld</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1905-07-29</span>)</span>29 July 1905<br /><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6nk%C3%B6ping" title="Jönköping">Jönköping</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweden%E2%80%93Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Sweden–Norway">Sweden–Norway</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">18 September 1961<span style="display:none">(1961-09-18)</span> (aged 56)<br /><a href="/wiki/Ndola" title="Ndola">Ndola</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Rhodesia" title="Northern Rhodesia">Northern Rhodesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Rhodesia_and_Nyasaland" title="Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland">Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cause of death</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/1961_Ndola_United_Nations_DC-6_crash" class="mw-redirect" title="1961 Ndola United Nations DC-6 crash">Aeroplane crash</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Hjalmar Hammarskjöld">Hjalmar Hammarskjöld</a> (father)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Agnes Hammarskjöld">Agnes Hammarskjöld</a> (mother)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uppsala_University" title="Uppsala University">Uppsala University</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Stockholm_University" title="Stockholm University">Stockholm University</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dag Hammarskjöld's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_signature.svg/128px-Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_signature.svg/192px-Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_signature.svg/256px-Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="532" data-file-height="49" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Dag Hjalmar Agne Carl Hammarskjöld</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ər/: 'er' in 'letter'">ər</span><span title="/ʃ/: 'sh' in 'shy'">ʃ</span><span title="/ʊ/: 'u' in 'push'">ʊ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">HAM</span>-ər-shuuld</i></a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Swedish:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="sv-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Swedish" title="Help:IPA/Swedish">[ˈdɑːɡ<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈhâmːarˌɧœld]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/a\/a7\/Sv-Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld.ogg\/Sv-Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Sv-Dag Hammarskj\u00f6ld.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a7/Sv-Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld.ogg/Sv-Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Sv-Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld.ogg" title="File:Sv-Dag Hammarskjöld.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>; 29 July 1905 – 18 September 1961) was a Swedish economist and diplomat who served as the second <a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations" title="Secretary-General of the United Nations">Secretary-General of the United Nations</a> from April 1953 until his death in <a href="/wiki/1961_Ndola_Transair_Sweden_DC-6_crash" title="1961 Ndola Transair Sweden DC-6 crash">a plane crash</a> in September 1961. As of 2024, he remains the youngest person to have held the post, having been only 47 years old when he was appointed. He was a son of <a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Hjalmar Hammarskjöld">Hjalmar Hammarskjöld</a>, who served as <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sweden" title="Prime Minister of Sweden">Prime Minister of Sweden</a> from 1914 to 1917. </p><p>Hammarskjöld's tenure was characterized by efforts to strengthen the newly formed UN both internally and externally. He led initiatives to improve morale and organisational efficiency while seeking to make the UN more responsive to global issues. He presided over the creation of the first UN peacekeeping forces in <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Emergency_Force" title="United Nations Emergency Force">Egypt (the UNEF)</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Operation_in_the_Congo" title="United Nations Operation in the Congo">the Congo (the ONUC)</a> and personally intervened to defuse or resolve diplomatic crises. Hammarskjöld's second term was cut short when he died in a plane crash while en route to <a href="/wiki/Cease-fire" class="mw-redirect" title="Cease-fire">cease-fire</a> negotiations during the <a href="/wiki/Congo_Crisis" title="Congo Crisis">Congo Crisis</a>. </p><p>Hammarskjöld was and remains well regarded internationally as a capable diplomat and administrator, and his efforts to resolve various global crises led to him being the only <a href="/wiki/Posthumous_award" title="Posthumous award">posthumous recipient</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Western world, his appointment and tenure were hailed as one of the most notable and successful in UN leadership.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/U.S._President" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. President">U.S. President</a> <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> called Hammarskjöld "the greatest statesman of our century".<sup id="cite_ref-Linnér_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Linnér-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the third world, however, his legacy is extremely controversial, given his erratic performance in the Congo crisis, with consequences to this day.<sup id="cite_ref-Knudsen_2023_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knudsen_2023-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-De_Vos_et_al._2004_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-De_Vos_et_al._2004-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Melber_2017_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melber_2017-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%C3%96stra_Storgatan_91.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/%C3%96stra_Storgatan_91.jpg/220px-%C3%96stra_Storgatan_91.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/%C3%96stra_Storgatan_91.jpg/330px-%C3%96stra_Storgatan_91.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/%C3%96stra_Storgatan_91.jpg/440px-%C3%96stra_Storgatan_91.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Hammarskjöld's birthplace in <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6nk%C3%B6ping" title="Jönköping">Jönköping</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Dag Hammarskjöld was born in <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6nk%C3%B6ping" title="Jönköping">Jönköping</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_family" title="Hammarskjöld family">noble family Hammarskjöld</a> (also spelled <i>Hammarskiöld</i> or <i>Hammarsköld</i>). He spent most of his childhood in <a href="/wiki/Uppsala" title="Uppsala">Uppsala</a>. His home there, which he considered his childhood home, was <a href="/wiki/Uppsala_Castle" title="Uppsala Castle">Uppsala Castle</a>. He was the fourth and youngest son of <a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Hjalmar Hammarskjöld">Hjalmar Hammarskjöld</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sweden" title="Prime Minister of Sweden">Prime Minister of Sweden</a> from 1914 to 1917.<sup id="cite_ref-Sze_memoir_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sze_memoir-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hammarskjöld studied first at <a href="/wiki/Katedralskolan,_Uppsala" title="Katedralskolan, Uppsala">Katedralskolan</a> and then at <a href="/wiki/Uppsala_University" title="Uppsala University">Uppsala University</a>. By 1930, he had obtained <a href="/wiki/Licentiate_(degree)" title="Licentiate (degree)">Licentiate</a> of Philosophy and Master of Laws degrees. Before he finished his law degree he had already obtained a job as Assistant Secretary of the Unemployment Committee.<sup id="cite_ref-dag_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dag-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 1930 to 1934, Hammarskjöld was Secretary of a governmental committee on unemployment. During this time he wrote his economics thesis, <span title="Swedish-language text"><span lang="sv" style="font-style: normal;">"Konjunkturspridningen"</span></span> ("The Spread of the Business Cycle"), and received a <a href="/wiki/Doctorate" title="Doctorate">doctorate</a> from <a href="/wiki/Stockholm_University" title="Stockholm University">Stockholm University</a>. In 1936, he became a secretary in Sweden's central bank, the <a href="/wiki/Sveriges_Riksbank" title="Sveriges Riksbank">Riksbank</a>. From 1941 to 1948, he served as chairman of the Riksbank's General Council.<sup id="cite_ref-nobel_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nobel-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hammarskjöld quickly developed a successful career as a Swedish public servant. He was state secretary in the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Sweden)" title="Ministry of Finance (Sweden)">Ministry of Finance</a> 1936–1945, Swedish delegate to the <a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">Organization for European Economic Cooperation</a> 1947–1953, cabinet secretary for the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Sweden)" title="Ministry for Foreign Affairs (Sweden)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> 1949–1951 and <a href="/wiki/Minister_without_portfolio" title="Minister without portfolio">minister without portfolio</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tage_Erlander" title="Tage Erlander">Tage Erlander</a>'s government 1951–1953.<sup id="cite_ref-nobel_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nobel-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He helped coordinate government plans to alleviate the economic problems of the post-<a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> period and was a delegate to the Paris conference that established the <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Plan" title="Marshall Plan">Marshall Plan</a>. In 1950, he became head of the Swedish delegation to <a href="/w/index.php?title=UNISCAN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UNISCAN (page does not exist)">UNISCAN</a>, a forum to promote economic cooperation between the United Kingdom and the Scandinavian countries.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although Hammarskjöld served in a cabinet dominated by the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Social_Democratic_Party" title="Swedish Social Democratic Party">Social Democrats</a>, he never officially joined any political party.<sup id="cite_ref-nobel_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nobel-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1951, Hammarskjöld was vice chairman of the Swedish delegation to the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">United Nations General Assembly</a> in Paris. He became the chairman of the Swedish delegation to the <a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_UN" class="mw-redirect" title="General Assembly of UN">General Assembly</a> in New York in 1952. On 20 December 1954, he was elected to take his father's vacated seat in the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Academy" title="Swedish Academy">Swedish Academy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_Nations_Secretary-General">United Nations Secretary-General</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: United Nations Secretary-General"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nomination_and_election">Nomination and election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Nomination and election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Secretary-General_selection,_1953" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Secretary-General selection, 1953">United Nations Secretary-General selection, 1953</a></div> <p>On 10 November 1952, <a href="/wiki/Trygve_Lie" title="Trygve Lie">Trygve Lie</a> announced his resignation as <a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations" title="Secretary-General of the United Nations">Secretary-General of the United Nations</a>. Several months of negotiations ensued between the Western powers and the Soviet Union without reaching an agreement on his successor. On 13 and 19 March 1953, the <a href="/wiki/Security_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Security Council">Security Council</a> voted on four candidates. <a href="/wiki/Lester_B._Pearson" title="Lester B. Pearson">Lester B. Pearson</a> of Canada was the only candidate to receive the required majority, but he was vetoed by the Soviet Union.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nytimes19530320_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes19530320-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At a consultation of the permanent members on 30 March 1953,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Permanent_Representative_of_France_to_the_United_Nations" title="Permanent Representative of France to the United Nations">French permanent representative</a> <a href="/wiki/Henri_Hoppenot" title="Henri Hoppenot">Henri Hoppenot</a> suggested four candidates, including Hammarskjöld, whom he had met at the <a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">Organisation for European Economic Cooperation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-froehlich2007_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-froehlich2007-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The superpowers hoped to seat a Secretary-General who would focus on administrative issues and refrain from participating in political discussion. Hammarskjöld's reputation at the time was, in the words of biographer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emery_Kel%C3%A8n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emery Kelèn (page does not exist)">Emery Kelèn</a>, "that of a brilliant economist, an unobtrusive technician, and an aristo-bureaucrat". As a result, there was little to no controversy in his selection;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELipsey2013117_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELipsey2013117-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Permanent_Representative_to_the_United_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet Permanent Representative to the United Nations">Soviet permanent representative</a>, <a href="/wiki/Valerian_Zorin" title="Valerian Zorin">Valerian Zorin</a>, found Hammarskjöld "harmless".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHeller200114_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeller200114-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zorin declared that he would be voting for Hammarskjöld, surprising the Western powers.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The announcement set off a flurry of diplomatic activity. <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Secretary_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign Secretary of the United Kingdom">British Foreign Secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Eden" title="Anthony Eden">Anthony Eden</a> was strongly in favor of Hammarskjöld and asked the United States to "take any appropriate action to induce the [Nationalist] Chinese to abstain".<sup id="cite_ref-frus1952-213_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frus1952-213-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Sweden recognized the People's Republic of China and faced a potential veto from the Republic of China.) At the <a href="/wiki/U.S._State_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. State Department">U.S. State Department</a>, the nomination "came as a complete surprise to everyone here and we started scrambling around to find out who Mr. Hammarskjold was and what his qualifications were".<sup id="cite_ref-frus1952-216_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frus1952-216-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The State Department authorized <a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge_Jr." title="Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.">Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.</a>, the <a href="/wiki/US_ambassador_to_the_UN" class="mw-redirect" title="US ambassador to the UN">US Ambassador</a>, to vote in favor after he told them that Hammarskjöld "may be as good as we can get".<sup id="cite_ref-frus1952-211_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frus1952-211-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-frus1952-212_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frus1952-212-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:35%; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p><i>Journalist</i>: "We understand you've been designated Secretary-General of the United Nations."<br /><i>Hammarskjöld</i>: "This April Fool's Day joke is in extremely bad taste: it's nonsense!" </p> </blockquote> <div style="padding-bottom: 0; padding-top: 0.5em"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">–Exchange between a Stockholm journalist and Hammarskjöld, 1 April 1953<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELipsey2013117_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELipsey2013117-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div> </div> <p>On 31 March 1953, the <a href="/wiki/Security_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Security Council">Security Council</a> voted 10–0–1 to recommend Hammarskjöld to the General Assembly, with an abstention from Nationalist China.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHeller200115_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeller200115-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The vote was conducted in secret, and Hammarskjöld was unaware his name had been put forward for the position.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly after midnight on 1 April 1953, Hammarskjöld was awakened by a telephone call from a journalist with the news, which he dismissed as an <a href="/wiki/April_Fools%27_Day" title="April Fools' Day">April Fool's Day joke</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He finally believed the news after the third phone call.<sup id="cite_ref-froehlich2007_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-froehlich2007-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Sweden,_New_York_City" title="Consulate General of Sweden, New York City">Swedish mission in New York</a> confirmed the nomination at 03:00 and a communique from the Security Council was soon thereafter delivered to him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELipsey2013117–118_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELipsey2013117–118-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After consulting with the Swedish cabinet and his father, Hammarskjöld decided to accept the nomination.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHeller200115_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeller200115-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He sent a wire to the Security Council:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELipsey2013118_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELipsey2013118-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>With strong feeling personal insufficiency I hesitate to accept candidature but I do not feel I could refuse to assume the task imposed on me should the [UN General] Assembly follow the recommendation of the Security Council by which I feel deeply honoured. </p></blockquote> <p>Later in the day, Hammarskjöld held a press conference at the Swedish Foreign Ministry. According to diplomat <a href="/wiki/Sverker_%C3%85str%C3%B6m" title="Sverker Åström">Sverker Åström</a>, he displayed an intense interest and knowledge in the affairs of the UN, which he had never shown any indication of before.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELipsey2013118_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELipsey2013118-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The UN General Assembly voted 57–1–1 on 7 April 1953 to appoint Dag Hammarskjöld as Secretary-General of the United Nations. Hammarskjöld was sworn in as Secretary-General on 10 April 1953.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHeller200115_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeller200115-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was unanimously reelected on 26 September 1957 for another term, taking effect on 10 April 1958.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHeller200121_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeller200121-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tenure">Tenure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Tenure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dag_Hammarskjold_outside_the_UN_building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Dag_Hammarskjold_outside_the_UN_building.jpg/170px-Dag_Hammarskjold_outside_the_UN_building.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Dag_Hammarskjold_outside_the_UN_building.jpg/255px-Dag_Hammarskjold_outside_the_UN_building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Dag_Hammarskjold_outside_the_UN_building.jpg/340px-Dag_Hammarskjold_outside_the_UN_building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2456" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Hammarskjöld (age 48) outside the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_headquarters" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations headquarters">UN headquarters</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, 1953</figcaption></figure> <p>Immediately following the assumption of the Secretariat, Hammarskjöld attempted to establish a good rapport with his staff. He made a point of visiting every UN department to shake hands with as many workers as possible, eating in the cafeteria as often as possible, and relinquishing the Secretary-General's private elevator for general use.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELipsey2013135_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELipsey2013135-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He began his term by establishing his own secretariat of 4,000 administrators and setting up regulations that defined their responsibilities. He was also actively engaged in smaller projects relating to the UN working environment; for example, he spearheaded the building of a <a href="/wiki/Headquarters_of_the_United_Nations_meditation_room" class="mw-redirect" title="Headquarters of the United Nations meditation room">meditation room</a> at the <a href="/wiki/UN_headquarters" class="mw-redirect" title="UN headquarters">UN headquarters</a>, where people can withdraw into themselves in silence, regardless of their faith, creed, or religion.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his term, Hammarskjöld tried to improve relations between <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Arab_states" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab states">Arab states</a>, frequently playing the role of a mediator between <a href="/wiki/David_Ben-Gurion" title="David Ben-Gurion">David Ben-Gurion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser">Gamal Abdel Nasser</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other highlights include a 1955 visit to <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> to negotiate the release of 11 captured US pilots who had served in the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Sze_memoir_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sze_memoir-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the 1956 establishment of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Emergency_Force" title="United Nations Emergency Force">United Nations Emergency Force</a>, and his intervention in the 1956 <a href="/wiki/Suez_Crisis" title="Suez Crisis">Suez Crisis</a>. He is given credit by some historians for allowing participation of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See_and_the_United_Nations" title="Holy See and the United Nations">Holy See within the UN</a> that year.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1960, the newly independent <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo_(L%C3%A9opoldville)" title="Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville)">Congo</a> asked for UN aid in defusing the <a href="/wiki/Congo_Crisis" title="Congo Crisis">Congo Crisis</a>. Hammarskjöld made four trips to Congo, but his efforts toward the <a href="/wiki/Decolonisation_of_Africa" title="Decolonisation of Africa">decolonisation of Africa</a> were considered insufficient by the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>; in September 1960, the Soviet government denounced his decision to send a UN emergency force to keep the peace. They demanded his resignation and the replacement of the office of Secretary-General by a three-man directorate with a built-in veto, the "<a href="/wiki/Triumvirate" title="Triumvirate">troika</a>". The objective was, citing the memoirs of Soviet leader <a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Nikita Khrushchev</a>, to "equally represent interests of three groups of countries: capitalist, socialist and recently independent".<sup id="cite_ref-un-history60_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-un-history60-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dag_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dag-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The UN sent a nearly 20,000-strong peacekeeping force to restore order in <a href="/wiki/Congo-Kinshasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Congo-Kinshasa">Congo-Kinshasa</a>. Hammarskjöld's refusal to place peacekeepers in the service of <a href="/wiki/Patrice_Lumumba" title="Patrice Lumumba">Lumumba's</a> constitutionally elected government provoked a strong reaction of disapproval from the Soviets. The situation would become more scandalous with the assassination of Lumumba by <a href="/wiki/Mo%C3%AFse_Tshombe" title="Moïse Tshombe">Tshombe's</a> troops. In February 1961, the UN authorized the Peacekeeping Forces to use military force to prevent civil war. The Blue Helmets' attack on Katanga caused Tshombe to flee to Zambia. Hammarskjöld's erratic attitude in not providing support to Lumumba's government, which had been elected by popular vote, drew severe criticism among non-aligned countries and communist and socialist countries.<sup id="cite_ref-Knudsen_2023_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knudsen_2023-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hammarskjöld knew that the Belgian Government, allegedly supported by the United States, arranged for the assassination of Patrice Lumumba. In the end, his actions were supported only by the United States and <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-De_Vos_et_al._2004_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-De_Vos_et_al._2004-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Melber_2017_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melber_2017-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His final report to the United Nations was some 6,000 words and is considered to be one of his most important. The report was dictated in a single afternoon to his assistant, Hannah Platz.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1961_Ndola_Transair_Sweden_DC-6_crash" title="1961 Ndola Transair Sweden DC-6 crash">1961 Ndola Transair Sweden DC-6 crash</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dag_Hammask%C3%B6lds_gravsten.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Dag_Hammask%C3%B6lds_gravsten.jpg/220px-Dag_Hammask%C3%B6lds_gravsten.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Dag_Hammask%C3%B6lds_gravsten.jpg/330px-Dag_Hammask%C3%B6lds_gravsten.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Dag_Hammask%C3%B6lds_gravsten.jpg/440px-Dag_Hammask%C3%B6lds_gravsten.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Hammarskjöld's grave in <a href="/wiki/Uppsala" title="Uppsala">Uppsala</a></figcaption></figure> <p>On 18 September 1961, Hammarskjöld was en route to negotiate a <a href="/wiki/Cease-fire" class="mw-redirect" title="Cease-fire">cease-fire</a> between <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Operation_in_the_Congo" title="United Nations Operation in the Congo">United Nations Operation in the Congo</a> forces and <a href="/wiki/State_of_Katanga" title="State of Katanga">Katangese</a> troops under <a href="/wiki/Moise_Tshombe" class="mw-redirect" title="Moise Tshombe">Moise Tshombe</a>. His <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-6" title="Douglas DC-6">Douglas DC-6</a> airliner <a href="/wiki/1961_Ndola_United_Nations_DC-6_crash" class="mw-redirect" title="1961 Ndola United Nations DC-6 crash">SE-BDY crashed</a> near <a href="/wiki/Ndola" title="Ndola">Ndola</a>, <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Rhodesia_and_Nyasaland" title="Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland">Northern Rhodesia</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a>). Hammarskjöld perished as a result of the crash, as did all of the 15 other passengers.<sup id="cite_ref-tg1_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tg1-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hammarskjöld's death set off a succession crisis at the United Nations, because there was no line of succession and as a result, the Security Council had to <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Secretary-General_selection,_1961" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Secretary-General selection, 1961">vote on a successor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The circumstances of the crash are still unclear. A 1962 Rhodesian inquiry concluded that pilot error was to blame, while a later UN investigation could not determine the cause of the crash.<sup id="cite_ref-foreignpolicy_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-foreignpolicy-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is evidence suggesting the plane was shot down.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-theguardian042014_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian042014-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">CIA</a> report claimed the KGB was responsible.<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian2014_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian2014-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The day after the crash, former U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Harry_Truman" class="mw-redirect" title="Harry Truman">Harry Truman</a> commented that Hammarskjöld "was on the point of getting something done when they killed him. Notice that I said 'when they killed him'."<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian2014_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian2014-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1998, documents were discovered which detailed an alleged plot, named Operation Celeste, to assassinate Hammarskjöld. The alleged plot was backed by the <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Secret_Intelligence_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Secret Intelligence Service">MI6</a> and a Belgian mining interest and the assassination was to be carried out by the <a href="/wiki/South_African_Institute_for_Maritime_Research" title="South African Institute for Maritime Research">South African Institute for Maritime Research</a>, a South African paramilitary organisation. One of the documents stated that CIA director <a href="/wiki/Allen_Dulles" title="Allen Dulles">Allen Dulles</a> agreed that "Dag is becoming troublesome ... and should be removed" and pledged local CIA support for the alleged plot. The information was contained in a file which the <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Agency_(South_Africa)" title="National Intelligence Agency (South Africa)">South African National Intelligence Agency</a> turned over to the <a href="/wiki/South_African_Truth_and_Reconciliation_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission">South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission</a> in relation to the 1993 assassination of <a href="/wiki/Chris_Hani" title="Chris Hani">Chris Hani</a>, leader of the <a href="/wiki/South_African_Communist_Party" title="South African Communist Party">South African Communist Party</a>. The authenticity of the documents could not be substantiated because they were copies instead of originals. More documents related to the alleged plot were discovered by the South African government in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-foreignpolicy_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-foreignpolicy-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, Göran Björkdahl, a Swedish aid worker whose father worked for the UN in Zambia, wrote that in part, he believed that Hammarskjöld's death was a murder which was committed to benefit mining companies like <a href="/wiki/Union_Mini%C3%A8re_du_Haut_Katanga" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Minière du Haut Katanga">Union Minière</a>, after Hammarskjöld had made the UN intervene in the Katanga crisis. Björkdahl based his assertion on interviews with witnesses of the plane crash near the border of the DRC with Zambia and on archival documents.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, accident investigator Sven Hammarberg was asked by the <a href="/wiki/International_Commission_of_Jurists" title="International Commission of Jurists">International Commission of Jurists</a> to investigate Hammarskjöld's death.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, newly declassified documents revealed that the American ambassador to the Congo sent a cable to Washington D.C. and in it, he wrote his suspicion that the plane could have been shot down by Belgian mercenary pilot Jan Van Risseghem, commander of the small Katanga Air Force. Van Risseghem died in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian042014_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian042014-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 16 March 2015, United Nations Secretary-General <a href="/wiki/Ban_Ki-moon" title="Ban Ki-moon">Ban Ki-moon</a> appointed members to an Independent Panel of Experts which was established for the purpose of examining new information which was related to Hammarskjöld's death. The three-member panel was led by <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Chande_Othman" title="Mohamed Chande Othman">Mohamed Chande Othman</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_Tanzania" title="Chief Justice of Tanzania">Chief Justice of Tanzania</a>, and it included Kerryn Macaulay (Australia's representative to the <a href="/wiki/International_Civil_Aviation_Organization" title="International Civil Aviation Organization">International Civil Aviation Organization</a>) and Henrik Larsen (a ballistics expert from the <a href="/wiki/Danish_National_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Danish National Police">Danish National Police</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The panel's 99-page report, released 6 July 2015, assigned moderate value to nine new eyewitness accounts and transcripts of radio transmissions. Those accounts suggested that Hammarskjöld's plane was already on fire as it was landing and they also suggested that other jet aircraft and other intelligence agents were nearby.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT06July2015_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT06July2015-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016, the original documents from the 1998 South African investigation surfaced. Those who were familiar with the investigation cautioned that even if they were authentic, the documents could have initially been authored as part of a disinformation campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-foreignpolicy_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-foreignpolicy-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019, the documentary film <i><a href="/wiki/Cold_Case_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Cold Case Hammarskjöld">Cold Case Hammarskjöld</a></i> by Danish filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Mads_Br%C3%BCgger" title="Mads Brügger">Mads Brügger</a> claimed that Jan van Risseghem had told a friend that he shot down Hammarskjöld's aircraft. This went against the official stance maintained by van Risseghem's family that he was not involved in the death of Hammarskjöld. According to an interview with van Risseghem's wife, he was in Rhodesia negotiating the purchase of a plane for the Katanga Air Force, with the logbooks proving that he was not flying for Katanga at the time. The documentary crew interviewed colleagues of van Risseghem's for the film, all of whom supported their theory.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-theguardian2019_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian2019-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an interview with Swedish historian Leif Hellström, van Risseghem claimed that he was not in southern Africa at the time the crash happened, and dismissed the idea of his involvement.<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian2019_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian2019-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A document which was found in France amidst the Fonds <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Foccart" title="Jacques Foccart">Foccart</a> (National Archives in Pierrefitte) in November 2021 is a death warrant for Hammarskjöld that contained the acronym <a href="/wiki/Organisation_arm%C3%A9e_secr%C3%A8te" title="Organisation armée secrète">OAS</a>, the secret organization which was nestled in the French army at the time of <a href="/wiki/Algerian_War" title="Algerian War">Algeria's war for independence</a>. The document reads: "It is high time to put an end to his harmful intrusion ... this sentence common to justice and fairness to be carried out, as soon as possible". The unsigned document is a facsimile that appeared to be a transcription of an original letter.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hammarskjöld's 1959 will left his personal archive to the <a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Sweden" title="National Library of Sweden">National Library of Sweden</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_quote_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_quote_cropped.jpg/220px-Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_quote_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_quote_cropped.jpg/330px-Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_quote_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_quote_cropped.jpg/440px-Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_quote_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2811" data-file-height="1446" /></a><figcaption>A spiritual quote by Dag Hammarskjöld engraved in the stone wall within the Peace Chapel of the <a href="/wiki/International_Peace_Garden" title="International Peace Garden">International Peace Garden</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1953, soon after his appointment as United Nations Secretary-General, Hammarskjöld was interviewed on radio by <a href="/wiki/Edward_R._Murrow" title="Edward R. Murrow">Edward R. Murrow</a>. In the talk, Hammarskjöld declared: </p> <blockquote><p>But the explanation of how a man should live a life of active social service in full harmony with himself as a member of the community of spirit, I found in the writings of those great medieval mystics [<a href="/wiki/Meister_Eckhart" title="Meister Eckhart">Meister Eckhart</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jan_van_Ruysbroek_(scholar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jan van Ruysbroek (scholar)">Jan van Ruysbroek</a>] for whom 'self-surrender' had been the way to self-realization, and who in 'singleness of mind' and 'inwardness' had found the strength to say yes to every demand which the needs of their neighbours made them face, and to say yes also to every fate life had in store for them when they followed the call of duty as they understood it.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Hammarskjöld's only book, <i><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4gm%C3%A4rken" title="Vägmärken">Vägmärken</a></i> (<i>Markings</i>, or more literally <i>Waymarks</i>), was published in 1963. A collection of his diary reflections, the book starts in 1925, when he was 20 years old, and ends the month before his death in 1961.<sup id="cite_ref-har05003_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-har05003-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This diary was found in his New York house, after his death, along with an undated letter addressed to then Swedish Permanent <a href="/wiki/State_Secretary_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Sweden)" title="State Secretary for Foreign Affairs (Sweden)">Under-Secretary for Foreign Affairs</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leif_Belfrage&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leif Belfrage (page does not exist)">Leif Belfrage</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leif_Belfrage" class="extiw" title="sv:Leif Belfrage">sv</a>]</span>. In this letter, Hammarskjöld wrote: </p> <blockquote><p>These entries provide the only true 'profile' that can be drawn ... If you find them worth publishing, you have my permission to do so.</p></blockquote> <p>The foreword is written by the English poet <a href="/wiki/W._H._Auden" title="W. H. Auden">W. H. Auden</a>, a friend of Hammarskjöld.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Markings</i> was described by the late theologian Henry P. Van Dusen as "the noblest self-disclosure of spiritual struggle and triumph, perhaps the greatest testament of personal faith written ... in the heat of professional life and amidst the most exacting responsibilities for <a href="/wiki/World_peace" title="World peace">world peace</a> and order".<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hammarskjöld wrote, for example: </p> <blockquote><p>We are not permitted to choose the frame of our destiny. But what we put into it is ours. He who wills adventure will experience it – according to the measure of his courage. He who wills sacrifice will be sacrificed – according to the measure of his purity of heart.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p><i>Markings</i> is characterised by Hammarskjöld's intermingling of prose and <a href="/wiki/Haiku" title="Haiku">haiku</a> poetry in a manner exemplified by the 17th-century Japanese poet <a href="/wiki/Matsuo_Bash%C5%8D" title="Matsuo Bashō">Basho</a> in his <i><a href="/wiki/Narrow_Roads_to_the_Deep_North" class="mw-redirect" title="Narrow Roads to the Deep North">Narrow Roads to the Deep North</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his foreword to <i>Markings</i>, W. H. Auden quotes Hammarskjöld as stating: </p> <blockquote><p>In our age, the road to holiness necessarily passes through the world of action.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Hammarskjöld's interest in philosophical and spiritual matters is also proven by the finding of <a href="/wiki/Martin_Buber" title="Martin Buber">Martin Buber</a>'s main work <i><a href="/wiki/I_and_Thou" title="I and Thou">I and Thou</a></i>, which he was translating into Swedish, in the wreckage after the plane crash.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_America" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in America">Evangelical Lutheran Church in America</a> commemorates the life of Hammarskjöld as a renewer of society on the anniversary of his death, 18 September.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Brian_Urquhart" title="Brian Urquhart">Brian Urquhart</a>'s biography of Hammarskjöld addressed what <a href="/wiki/Israel_Shenker" title="Israel Shenker">Israel Shenker</a> described in his <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> review as "the oft-discussed question of Hammaskjöld's sexuality".<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_1972-12-04_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_1972-12-04-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Urquhart reports that <a href="/wiki/Trygve_Lie" title="Trygve Lie">Trygve Lie</a> spread rumours of Hammarskjöld's homosexuality but, having interviewed Hammarskjöld's close friends, Urquhart concludes that "no one who knew him well or worked closely with him thought he was a homosexual".<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_1972-12-04_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_1972-12-04-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shenker infers from Urquhart's work "that Hammarskjöld was an example, not unique in contemporary politics, of an <a href="/wiki/Asexuality" title="Asexuality">asexual</a>, somewhat <a href="/wiki/Narcissism" title="Narcissism">narcissistic</a> individual" and quoted private papers where Hammarskjöld had written that "the Secretary General of the UN should have an iron constitution and should not be married".<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_1972-12-04_63-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_1972-12-04-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite Urquhart concluding the rumours were inaccurate, <a href="/wiki/Larry_Kramer" title="Larry Kramer">Larry Kramer</a> included Hammarskjöld in the "I belong to a culture" speech in his 1985 play <i><a href="/wiki/The_Normal_Heart" title="The Normal Heart">The Normal Heart</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kramer_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kramer-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Royal_National_Theatre_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Royal_National_Theatre-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:United_Nations_Media_Global.11.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/United_Nations_Media_Global.11.JPG/220px-United_Nations_Media_Global.11.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/United_Nations_Media_Global.11.JPG/330px-United_Nations_Media_Global.11.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/United_Nations_Media_Global.11.JPG/440px-United_Nations_Media_Global.11.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Memorial at the United Nations Headquarters in New York City</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Honors">Honors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Honorary degrees: <a href="/wiki/Carleton_University" title="Carleton University">Carleton University</a> in Ottawa (then called Carleton College)<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> awarded its first-ever <a href="/wiki/Honorary_degree" title="Honorary degree">honorary degree</a> to Hammarskjöld in 1954, when it presented him with a <a href="/wiki/Legum_Doctor" title="Legum Doctor">Legum Doctor</a>, <i>honoris causa</i>. The university has continued this tradition by conferring an honorary doctorate upon every subsequent Secretary-General of the United Nations. He also held honorary degrees from <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford University">Oxford University</a>, United Kingdom; in the United States from <a href="/wiki/Harvard" class="mw-redirect" title="Harvard">Harvard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yale" class="mw-redirect" title="Yale">Yale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania" title="University of Pennsylvania">University of Pennsylvania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amherst_College" title="Amherst College">Amherst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University" title="Johns Hopkins University">Johns Hopkins</a>, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California" title="University of California">University of California</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ohio_University" title="Ohio University">Ohio University</a>; in Sweden, Uppsala University; and in Canada from <a href="/wiki/McGill_University" title="McGill University">McGill University</a> as well as Carleton University, in Ottawa.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="People's_views"><span id="People.27s_views"></span>People's views</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: People's views"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>: After Hammarskjöld's death, U.S. president John F. Kennedy regretted that he had opposed the UN policy in the Congo and said: "I realise now that in comparison to him, I am a small man. He was the greatest statesman of our century."<sup id="cite_ref-Linnér_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Linnér-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 2011, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Financial_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="The Financial Times">The Financial Times</a></i> wrote that Hammarskjöld has remained the benchmark against which later UN Secretaries-General have been judged.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>His legacy in the third world is extremely controversial, especially due to his statements to the British representative at the UN, <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Dean_(diplomat)" title="Patrick Dean (diplomat)">Patrick Dean</a>, that Lumumba was "a communist puppet".<sup id="cite_ref-Knudsen_2023_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knudsen_2023-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-De_Vos_et_al._2004_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-De_Vos_et_al._2004-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Republic of Congo">Democratic Republic of Congo</a>, its erratic performance in the crisis of the 1960s has had disastrous consequences for the country to this day.<sup id="cite_ref-Melber_2017_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melber_2017-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Structures_named_in_honor_of_Dag_Hammarskjöld"><span id="Structures_named_in_honor_of_Dag_Hammarskj.C3.B6ld"></span>Structures named in honor of Dag Hammarskjöld</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Structures named in honor of Dag Hammarskjöld"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Regnellianum_side.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Regnellianum_side.jpg/220px-Regnellianum_side.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Regnellianum_side.jpg/330px-Regnellianum_side.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Regnellianum_side.jpg/440px-Regnellianum_side.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Uppsala_University_Library" title="Uppsala University Library">Uppsala University's Dag Hammarskjöld Law Library</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DagHammarskjoldCentre_II.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/DagHammarskjoldCentre_II.jpg/220px-DagHammarskjoldCentre_II.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/DagHammarskjoldCentre_II.jpg/330px-DagHammarskjoldCentre_II.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/DagHammarskjoldCentre_II.jpg/440px-DagHammarskjoldCentre_II.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2670" data-file-height="1788" /></a><figcaption>The Dag Hammarskjöld centre in Uppsala</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Buildings and rooms: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_Library" title="Dag Hammarskjöld Library">Dag Hammarskjöld Library</a>: On 16 November 1961, shortly after his death, the newly completed Library building at United Nations Headquarters in New York was named the Dag Hammarskjöld Library.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a>: Dag Hammarskjöld House, on the Stanford University campus, is a residence cooperative for undergraduate and graduate students with international backgrounds and interests at Stanford.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammarskjold_High_School" title="Hammarskjold High School">Hammarskjold High School</a>: Public high school located in the town of <a href="/wiki/Thunder_Bay" title="Thunder Bay">Thunder Bay</a>, Ontario, Canada.</li> <li>Hammarskjold Middle School: Public middle school located in the town of <a href="/wiki/East_Brunswick,_New_Jersey" title="East Brunswick, New Jersey">East Brunswick</a>, New Jersey.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dag_Hammarskjold_Middle_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Dag Hammarskjold Middle School">Dag Hammarskjold Middle School</a>: Public middle school located in the town of <a href="/wiki/Wallingford,_Connecticut" title="Wallingford, Connecticut">Wallingford, Connecticut</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Dag Hammarskjöld Elementary School: Public elementary school located in Sheepshead Bay, <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a>, New York.</li> <li>Dag Hammarskjöld Memorial Primary School: Government School located in Ndola, Zambia (adjacent to the Dag Hammarskjöld Memorial Crash Site). This School contains the Karl Eriksson Computer Lab (Hammarskjöld and Eriksson knew each other).</li> <li>Dag Hammarskjöld "Hammar" Residence: Waterloo Co-operative Residence (WCRI) building located in the town of <a href="/wiki/Waterloo,_Ontario" title="Waterloo, Ontario">Waterloo, Ontario</a>, Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>Streets: <ul><li><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammarskj%C3%B6ldplatz" class="extiw" title="de:Hammarskjöldplatz">de:Hammarskjöldplatz</a> is the wide square to the north entrance of the <a href="/wiki/Messe_Berlin" title="Messe Berlin">Messe Berlin</a> fairgrounds in <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Hammarskjöldring is a street in <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>, Germany, connecting the boroughs Mertonviertel and Niederursel.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Dag Hammarskjölds Alle is a street in Copenhagen, Denmark that connects the inner city with the affluent suburb of Østerbro.</li> <li>Dag Hammarskjølds Gade is a street in Aalborg, Denmark. Headquarters for the regional police, Nordjyllands Politi, are located here.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ldsleden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dag Hammarskjöldsleden (page does not exist)">Dag Hammarskjöldsleden</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ldsleden" class="extiw" title="sv:Dag Hammarskjöldsleden">sv</a>]</span> is a traffic route in Gothenburg, Sweden between Linnéplatsen and Västerleden/Söderleden (E6.20). With a length of 5 km, it also connects to Högsboleden .</li> <li>Hammarskjöldsingel is a street in <a href="/wiki/Amstelveen" title="Amstelveen">Amstelveen</a>, Netherlands.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_Plaza" title="Dag Hammarskjöld Plaza">Dag Hammarskjöld Plaza</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Public_park" class="mw-redirect" title="Public park">public park</a> near the <a href="/wiki/Headquarters_of_the_United_Nations" title="Headquarters of the United Nations">headquarters of the United Nations</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_commemorations">Other commemorations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Other commemorations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_Medallion_1962_by_Harald_Salomon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_Medallion_1962_by_Harald_Salomon.jpg/220px-Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_Medallion_1962_by_Harald_Salomon.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_Medallion_1962_by_Harald_Salomon.jpg/330px-Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_Medallion_1962_by_Harald_Salomon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_Medallion_1962_by_Harald_Salomon.jpg/440px-Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_Medallion_1962_by_Harald_Salomon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="762" data-file-height="776" /></a><figcaption>1962 Medal Dag Hammarskjöld by the Danish sculptor <a href="/wiki/Harald_Salomon" title="Harald Salomon">Harald Salomon</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Unstamp_un_ny_5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Unstamp_un_ny_5.jpg" decoding="async" width="208" height="249" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="208" data-file-height="249" /></a><figcaption>UN flag at half-mast</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_Foundation" title="Dag Hammarskjöld Foundation">Dag Hammarskjöld Foundation</a>: In 1962, the Dag Hammarskjöld Foundation was created as Sweden's national memorial to Dag Hammarskjöld.<sup id="cite_ref-dhf_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dhf-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Memorial awards: <ul><li>Nobel Peace Prize: The <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Foundation" title="Nobel Foundation">Nobel Foundation</a> posthumously awarded Dag Hammarskjöld the 1961 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> for developing the UN according to the <a href="/wiki/Charter_of_the_United_Nations" title="Charter of the United Nations">UN Charter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Medal: On 22 July 1997, the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1121" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1121">UN Security Council Resolution 1121</a> established the <a href="/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_Medal" title="Dag Hammarskjöld Medal">Dag Hammarskjöld Medal</a> in recognition and commemoration of those who have lost their lives as a result of <a href="/wiki/UN_peacekeeping" class="mw-redirect" title="UN peacekeeping">UN peacekeeping</a> operations.<sup id="cite_ref-UN_SPV3802_1997_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_SPV3802_1997-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Prize in Peace and Conflict Studies: <a href="/wiki/Colgate_University" title="Colgate University">Colgate University</a> annually awards a student the Dag Hammarskjöld Prize in Peace and Conflict Studies based on outstanding work in the program.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commemorative_stamp" title="Commemorative stamp">Postage stamps</a>: Many countries issued postage stamps commemorating Hammarskjöld.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On 6 April 2011, Sweden's central bank, the <a href="/wiki/Sveriges_Riksbank" title="Sveriges Riksbank">Riksbank</a>, announced that Hammarskjöld's image would be used on the 1000-<a href="/wiki/Swedish_krona" title="Swedish krona">kronor</a> banknote, the highest-denomination banknote in Sweden.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new currency was introduced in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Depictions_in_music_and_popular_culture">Depictions in music and popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Depictions in music and popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1974, the Australian-British composer <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Williamson" title="Malcolm Williamson">Malcolm Williamson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Master_of_the_Queen%27s_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Master of the Queen's Music">Master of the Queen's Music</a>, wrote his <i>Hammarskjöld Portrait</i> for soprano and string orchestra. The text was taken from <i><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4gm%C3%A4rken" title="Vägmärken">Vägmärken</a></i>, and the work's first performance took place on 30 July 1974, at a <a href="/wiki/Royal_Albert_Hall" title="Royal Albert Hall">Royal Albert Hall</a> <a href="/wiki/Proms" class="mw-redirect" title="Proms">Proms</a> Concert, with the soprano <a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_S%C3%B6derstr%C3%B6m" title="Elisabeth Söderström">Elisabeth Söderström</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/BBC_Symphony_Orchestra" title="BBC Symphony Orchestra">BBC Symphony Orchestra</a> conducted by <a href="/wiki/John_Pritchard_(conductor)" title="John Pritchard (conductor)">John Pritchard</a>. </p><p>In 1985, Hammerskjöld was one of the names mentioned in the "I Belong to a Culture" speech in <a href="/wiki/Larry_Kramer" title="Larry Kramer">Larry Kramer</a>'s play <i><a href="/wiki/The_Normal_Heart" title="The Normal Heart">The Normal Heart</a></i>, where the protagonist includes him in a list of 24 historical gay figures.<sup id="cite_ref-Kramer_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kramer-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Royal_National_Theatre_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Royal_National_Theatre-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 2016 film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Siege_of_Jadotville_(film)" title="The Siege of Jadotville (film)">The Siege of Jadotville</a></i>, depicting the events of the <a href="/wiki/Congo_Crisis" title="Congo Crisis">Congo Crisis</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hammarskjöld's plane (incorrectly a <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-4" title="Douglas DC-4">DC-4</a>) is purposely shot down by a <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F-4_Phantom_II" title="McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II">fighter jet only used by American forces at the time</a> (it's likely this was for production reasons, just as a DC-4 stood in for the DC-6). Hammarskjöld is played by fellow <a href="/wiki/Swedish_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish people">Swede</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mikael_Persbrandt" title="Mikael Persbrandt">Mikael Persbrandt</a>. </p><p>Also in 2016, the <a href="/wiki/1961_Ndola_Transair_Sweden_DC-6_crash" title="1961 Ndola Transair Sweden DC-6 crash">1961 Ndola Transair Sweden DC-6 crash</a> was featured in Canadian TV series <i><a href="/wiki/Mayday_(Canadian_TV_series)" title="Mayday (Canadian TV series)">Mayday</a></i> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Mayday_episodes#Season_15_(2016)" title="List of Mayday episodes">(S15, E5)</a>, "Deadly Mission" and <i><a href="/wiki/Mayday_(Canadian_TV_series)" title="Mayday (Canadian TV series)">Air Crash Investigation Special Report</a></i> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Mayday_episodes#The_Accident_Files#Season_3_(2020)" title="List of Mayday episodes">(S3, E3)</a>, "VIP on Board". Peter James Howarth portrayed Hammarskjöld.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023, Persbrandt again played the eponymous politician, in the film <i><a href="/wiki/Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_(film)" title="Hammarskjöld (film)"> Hammarskjöld</a></i>, directed by <a href="/wiki/Per_Fly" title="Per Fly">Per Fly</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Knudsen_2023_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knudsen_2023-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film received negative reviews for glossing over its Congo Crisis controversies.<sup id="cite_ref-Knudsen_2023_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knudsen_2023-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 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and incidents</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The nomination was leaked early by a delegate of the Security Council, who informed a correspondent of the vote as they left the council chamber to go to the restroom.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELipsey2013117–118_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELipsey2013117–118-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Earlier in March, Hammarskjöld had discussed the succession problem of the UN Secretariat with artist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bo_Beskow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bo Beskow (page does not exist)">Bo Beskow</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bo_Beskow" class="extiw" title="de:Bo Beskow">de</a>; <a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bo_Beskow" class="extiw" title="no:Bo Beskow">no</a>; <a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bo_Beskow" class="extiw" title="sv:Bo Beskow">sv</a>]</span>. When Beskow suggested that Hammarskjöld would be suitable for the office, the latter replied, "Nobody is crazy enough to propose me—and I would be crazy to accept."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELipsey2013118_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELipsey2013118-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/hammarskjold">"Hammarskjöld"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Collins_English_Dictionary" title="Collins English Dictionary">Collins English Dictionary</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Collins+English+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.collinsdictionary.com%2Fdictionary%2Fenglish%2Fhammarskjold&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/facts/nobel-prize-facts/">"Nobel Prize facts"</a>. Nobel Foundation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nobel+Prize+facts&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Ffacts%2Fnobel-prize-facts%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/alvaro-de-soto-/how-not-to-select-the-bes_b_8403780.html">"How Not to Select the Best UN Secretary-General"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/HuffPost" title="HuffPost">HuffPost</a></i>. 28 October 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HuffPost&rft.atitle=How+Not+to+Select+the+Best+UN+Secretary-General&rft.date=2015-10-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Falvaro-de-soto-%2Fhow-not-to-select-the-bes_b_8403780.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Linnér-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Linnér_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Linnér_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLinnérÅström2008" class="citation book cs1">Linnér, Sture; Åström, Sverker (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.daghammarskjold.se/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/Dh_lecture_2007.pdf"><i>UN Secretary-General Hammarskjöld: Reflections and Personal Experiences (The 2007 Dag Hammarskjöld Lecture)</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Uppsala University. p. 28. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-91-85214-51-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-91-85214-51-8"><bdi>978-91-85214-51-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=UN+Secretary-General+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld%3A+Reflections+and+Personal+Experiences+%28The+2007+Dag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld+Lecture%29&rft.pages=28&rft.pub=Uppsala+University&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-91-85214-51-8&rft.aulast=Linn%C3%A9r&rft.aufirst=Sture&rft.au=%C3%85str%C3%B6m%2C+Sverker&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.daghammarskjold.se%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2007%2F10%2FDh_lecture_2007.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20190723011606/https://www.daghammarskjold.se/publication/dag-hammarskjold-lecture-2007/">Catalog record archived</a> from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.daghammarskjold.se/publication/dag-hammarskjold-lecture-2007/">the original</a> on 22 July 2019. "This is the translated text of the 2007 Dag Hammarskjöld Lecture given by Sture Linnér and Sverker Åström at Uppsala University on 15 October 2007".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Knudsen_2023-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Knudsen_2023_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knudsen_2023_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knudsen_2023_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knudsen_2023_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knudsen_2023_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDino_Knudsen2023" class="citation web cs1">Dino Knudsen (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://africasacountry.com/2024/07/not-an-obvious-hero">"Not an obvious hero"</a>. Africa Is a Country.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Not+an+obvious+hero&rft.pub=Africa+Is+a+Country&rft.date=2023&rft.au=Dino+Knudsen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fafricasacountry.com%2F2024%2F07%2Fnot-an-obvious-hero&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-De_Vos_et_al._2004-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-De_Vos_et_al._2004_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-De_Vos_et_al._2004_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-De_Vos_et_al._2004_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuc_De_Vos,_Emmanuel_Gerard,_Jules_Gérard-Libois_en_Philippe_Raxhon2004" class="citation book cs1">Luc De Vos, Emmanuel Gerard, Jules Gérard-Libois en Philippe Raxhon (2004). <i>Lumumba. De complotten?</i>. De moord. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9058262286" title="Special:BookSources/9058262286"><bdi>9058262286</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lumumba.+De+complotten%3F&rft.pub=De+moord&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9058262286&rft.au=Luc+De+Vos%2C+Emmanuel+Gerard%2C+Jules+G%C3%A9rard-Libois+en+Philippe+Raxhon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melber_2017-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Melber_2017_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Melber_2017_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Melber_2017_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenning_Melber2017" class="citation web cs1">Henning Melber (17 January 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newafricanmagazine.com/14857/">"Lumumba, Hammarskjöld and the Cold War in the Congo"</a>. African Magazine.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lumumba%2C+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld+and+the+Cold+War+in+the+Congo&rft.pub=African+Magazine&rft.date=2017-01-17&rft.au=Henning+Melber&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewafricanmagazine.com%2F14857%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sze_memoir-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sze_memoir_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sze_memoir_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSze1986" class="citation book cs1">Sze, Szeming (December 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital.library.pitt.edu/cgi-bin/t/text/text-idx?idno=31735066261623;view=toc;c=ulstext"><i>Working for the United Nations: 1948–1968</i></a> (Digital ed.). Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh. p. 20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Working+for+the+United+Nations%3A+1948%E2%80%931968&rft.place=Pittsburgh&rft.pages=20&rft.edition=Digital&rft.pub=University+of+Pittsburgh&rft.date=1986-12&rft.aulast=Sze&rft.aufirst=Szeming&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigital.library.pitt.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Ft%2Ftext%2Ftext-idx%3Fidno%3D31735066261623%3Bview%3Dtoc%3Bc%3Dulstext&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dag-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dag_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dag_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131002221559/http://www.daghammarskjold.se/biography/#early-life">"Biography, at Dag Hammerskjoldse"</a>. Daghammarskjold.se. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.daghammarskjold.se/biography/#early-life">the original</a> on 2 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biography%2C+at+Dag+Hammerskjoldse&rft.pub=Daghammarskjold.se&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.daghammarskjold.se%2Fbiography%2F%23early-life&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nobel_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobel_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobel_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1961/hammarskjold/biographical/">"The Nobel Peace Prize 1961"</a>. <i>NobelPrize.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NobelPrize.org&rft.atitle=The+Nobel+Peace+Prize+1961&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fpeace%2F1961%2Fhammarskjold%2Fbiographical%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.un.org/depts/dhl/dag/bio.htm">Dag Hammarskjöld</a>" [biography]. United Nations. United Nations. Retrieved 13 October 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/Depts/dhl/dag/bio.htm">"Dag Hammarskjöld: The UN years ..."</a> United Nations<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld%3A+The+UN+years+...&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2FDepts%2Fdhl%2Fdag%2Fbio.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt1-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nyt1_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamilton1953" class="citation news cs1">Hamilton, Thomas J. (13 March 1953). "Soviet Veto Blocks Pearson U.N. Boom; Romulo Also Fails". <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. p. 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Soviet+Veto+Blocks+Pearson+U.N.+Boom%3B+Romulo+Also+Fails&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1953-03-13&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Thomas+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes19530320-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nytimes19530320_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamilton1953" class="citation news cs1">Hamilton, Thomas J. (20 March 1953). "Mme. 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Retrieved 21 August 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.colgate.edu/academics/departments-and-programs/peace-and-conflict-studies/fellowships-and-awards">"Colgate University : P-CON Fellowships and Awards"</a>. Colgate.edu<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sveriges+Riksbank%2FRiksbanken+%E2%80%93+Sweden%27s+new+banknotes+and+coins&rft.pub=Riksbank.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.riksbank.com%2Ftemplates%2FPage.aspx%3Fid%3D46685&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thelocal.se/galleries/news/2374/6">"Sweden's New Bank Notes"</a>. unknown. 24 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sweden%27s+New+Bank+Notes&rft.pub=unknown&rft.date=2012-04-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelocal.se%2Fgalleries%2Fnews%2F2374%2F6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171123180253/http://www.galwayfilmfleadh.com/index.php/project/the-siege-of-jadotville/">"28th Galway Film Fleadh – July 2016"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Galway_Film_Fleadh" title="Galway Film Fleadh">Galway Film Fleadh</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.galwayfilmfleadh.com/index.php/project/the-siege-of-jadotville/">the original</a> on 23 November 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=28th+Galway+Film+Fleadh+%E2%80%93+July+2016&rft.pub=Galway+Film+Fleadh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.galwayfilmfleadh.com%2Findex.php%2Fproject%2Fthe-siege-of-jadotville%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4831048/"><i>"Air Crash Investigation" Deadly Mission (TV Episode 2016)</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%22Air+Crash+Investigation%22+Deadly+Mission+%28TV+Episode+2016%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt4831048%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Durel, Bernard, op, (2002), «Au jardin secret d'un diplomate suédois: <i>Jalons</i> de Dag Hammarskjöld, un itinéraire spirituel», <i>La Vie Spirituelle</i> (Paris). T. 82, pp. 901–922.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFRUS_1952–1954_III" class="citation cs2">Goodwin, Ralph R., ed. (1979), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1952-54v03"><i>United Nations Affairs</i></a>, Foreign Relations of the United States, 1952–1954, vol. 3, <a href="/wiki/Washington_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Washington D.C.">Washington D.C.</a>: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Government_Printing_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Government Printing Office">United States Government Printing Office</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=United+Nations+Affairs&rft.place=Washington+D.C.&rft.series=Foreign+Relations+of+the+United+States%2C+1952%E2%80%931954&rft.pub=United+States+Government+Printing+Office&rft.date=1979&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.state.gov%2Fhistoricaldocuments%2Ffrus1952-54v03&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeller2001" class="citation book cs1">Heller, Peter B. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0Qj-AAAAQBAJ"><i>The United Nations under Dag Hammarskjöld, 1953–1961</i></a>. Scarecrow Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781461702092" title="Special:BookSources/9781461702092"><bdi>9781461702092</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+United+Nations+under+Dag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld%2C+1953%E2%80%931961&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9781461702092&rft.aulast=Heller&rft.aufirst=Peter+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0Qj-AAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Kelen, Emery (1966) <i>Hammarskjold</i>. Putnam.</li> <li>Lichello, Robert (1972) "Dag Hammarskjöld: A Giant in Diplomacy." Samhar Press, Charlotteville, N.Y. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87157-501-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87157-501-2">978-0-87157-501-2</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLipsey2013" class="citation book cs1">Lipsey, Roger (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Q5li4S0bpAwC"><i>Hammarskjöld: A Life</i></a> (illustrated ed.). University of Michigan Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780472118908" title="Special:BookSources/9780472118908"><bdi>9780472118908</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hammarskj%C3%B6ld%3A+A+Life&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9780472118908&rft.aulast=Lipsey&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ5li4S0bpAwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Urquhart, Brian, (1972), <i>Hammarskjold</i>. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.</li> <li>Velocci, Giovanni, cssr, (1998), «Hammarskjold Dag», in Luigi Borriello, ocd – Edmondo Caruana, ocarm – Maria Rosaria Del Genio – N. Suffi (dirs.), <i>Dizionario di mistica</i>. Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Città del Vaticano, pp. 624–626.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMelber2019" class="citation book cs1">Melber, Henning (2019). <i>Dag Hammarskjöld, the United Nations and the Decolonisation of Africa</i>. London: C. Hurst & Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1787380042" title="Special:BookSources/978-1787380042"><bdi>978-1787380042</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld%2C+the+United+Nations+and+the+Decolonisation+of+Africa&rft.place=London&rft.pub=C.+Hurst+%26+Co.&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1787380042&rft.aulast=Melber&rft.aufirst=Henning&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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Archives</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.un.org/content/death-dag-hammarskjöld">Death of Dag Hammarskjöld</a> on <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.un.org/">UN Archives website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unmultimedia.org/photo/detail/416/0416742.html">UNSG Ban Ki-Moon Lays Wreath Honouring Dag Hammarskjold of 1 October 2009</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unmultimedia.org/photo/detail/416/0416741.html">UNSG</a> with King <a href="/wiki/Carl_XVI_Gustaf" title="Carl XVI Gustaf">Carl XVI Gustaf</a> of Sweden</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/sg/formersgs.shtml">United Nations Secretaries-General</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/depts/dhl/dag/index.html">Dag Hammarskjöld, Secretary-General</a> at the official website of the UN</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/laureate/520">Dag Hammarskjöld</a> on Nobelprize.org <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1267#P8024" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalpolicy.org/secgen/pastsg/murder.htm">Letters say Hammarskjöld's death Western plot</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.upi.com/Audio/Year_in_Review/Events-of-1961/Death-of-Dag-Hammarskj/12295509433760-4/">Audio of Dag Hammarskjöld's response to Russian pressure</a> From UPI Audio Archives</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/foia_Hammarskjold_Dag-HQ-1">Dag Hammarskjöld's FBI files</a> hosted at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #99CCFF;">Cultural offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Hjalmar Hammarskjöld">Hjalmar Hammarskjöld</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Academy" title="Swedish Academy">Swedish Academy</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Swedish_Academy#Seat_17" title="List of members of the Swedish Academy">Seat No.17</a> </b><br />1954–1961 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Erik_Lindegren" title="Erik Lindegren">Erik Lindegren</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #bebebe;">Positions in intergovernmental organisations </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Trygve_Lie" title="Trygve Lie">Trygve Lie</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations"><img alt="United Nations" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Secretary-General" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Secretary-General">United Nations Secretary-General</a> </b><br />April 1953 – September 1961 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar"><img alt="Myanmar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_Burma_%281948%E2%80%931974%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Burma_%281948%E2%80%931974%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_Burma_%281948%E2%80%931974%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Burma_%281948%E2%80%931974%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_Burma_%281948%E2%80%931974%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Burma_%281948%E2%80%931974%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/U_Thant" title="U Thant">U Thant</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF179;">Awards and achievements </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Lutuli" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Lutuli">Albert Lutuli</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_Peace_Prize_laureates" title="List of Nobel Peace Prize laureates">Laureate</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> </b><br />1961 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" 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title="List of Nobel Peace Prize laureates">Laureates</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1901–1925</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1901_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1901 Nobel Peace Prize">1901</a>: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Dunant" title="Henry Dunant">Henry Dunant</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Passy" title="Frédéric Passy">Frédéric Passy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1902: <a href="/wiki/%C3%89lie_Ducommun" title="Élie Ducommun">Élie Ducommun</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_Albert_Gobat" title="Charles Albert Gobat">Charles Gobat</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1903: <a href="/wiki/Randal_Cremer" title="Randal Cremer">Randal Cremer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1904: <a href="/wiki/Institut_de_Droit_International" title="Institut de Droit International">Institut de Droit International</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1905: <a href="/wiki/Bertha_von_Suttner" title="Bertha von Suttner">Bertha von Suttner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1906: <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1907: <a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Teodoro_Moneta" title="Ernesto Teodoro Moneta">Ernesto Moneta</a> / <a href="/wiki/Louis_Renault_(jurist)" title="Louis Renault (jurist)">Louis Renault</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1908: <a href="/wiki/Klas_Pontus_Arnoldson" title="Klas Pontus Arnoldson">Klas Arnoldson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fredrik_Bajer" title="Fredrik Bajer">Fredrik Bajer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1909: <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Beernaert" title="Auguste Beernaert">A. M. F. Beernaert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Henri_Balluet_d%27Estournelles_de_Constant" title="Paul Henri Balluet d'Estournelles de Constant">Paul Estournelles de Constant</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1910: <a href="/wiki/International_Peace_Bureau" title="International Peace Bureau">International Peace Bureau</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1911: <a href="/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser">Tobias Asser</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hermann_Fried" title="Alfred Hermann Fried">Alfred Fried</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1912: <a href="/wiki/Elihu_Root" title="Elihu Root">Elihu Root</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1913: <a href="/wiki/Henri_La_Fontaine" title="Henri La Fontaine">Henri La Fontaine</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1914</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1915</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1916</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1917: <a href="/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross" title="International Committee of the Red Cross">International Committee of the Red Cross</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1918</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1919: <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1920: <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Bourgeois" title="Léon Bourgeois">Léon Bourgeois</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1921: <a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Branting" title="Hjalmar Branting">Hjalmar Branting</a> / <a href="/wiki/Christian_Lous_Lange" title="Christian Lous Lange">Christian Lange</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1922: <a href="/wiki/Fridtjof_Nansen" title="Fridtjof Nansen">Fridtjof Nansen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1923</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1924</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1925: <a href="/wiki/Austen_Chamberlain" title="Austen Chamberlain">Austen Chamberlain</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_G._Dawes" title="Charles G. Dawes">Charles Dawes</a></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/80px-Nobel_Prize.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/120px-Nobel_Prize.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/160px-Nobel_Prize.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1926–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1926: <a href="/wiki/Aristide_Briand" title="Aristide Briand">Aristide Briand</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Stresemann" title="Gustav Stresemann">Gustav Stresemann</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1927: <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Buisson" title="Ferdinand Buisson">Ferdinand Buisson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Quidde" title="Ludwig Quidde">Ludwig Quidde</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1928</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1929: <a href="/wiki/Frank_B._Kellogg" title="Frank B. Kellogg">Frank B. Kellogg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1930: <a href="/wiki/Nathan_S%C3%B6derblom" title="Nathan Söderblom">Nathan Söderblom</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1931: <a href="/wiki/Jane_Addams" title="Jane Addams">Jane Addams</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Murray_Butler" title="Nicholas Murray Butler">Nicholas Butler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1932</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1933: <a href="/wiki/Norman_Angell" title="Norman Angell">Norman Angell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1934: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Arthur Henderson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1935: <a href="/wiki/Carl_von_Ossietzky" title="Carl von Ossietzky">Carl von Ossietzky</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1936: <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Saavedra_Lamas" title="Carlos Saavedra Lamas">Carlos Saavedra Lamas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1937: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Cecil,_1st_Viscount_Cecil_of_Chelwood" title="Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood">Robert Cecil</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1938: <a href="/wiki/Nansen_International_Office_for_Refugees" title="Nansen International Office for Refugees">Nansen International Office for Refugees</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1939</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1940</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1941</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1942</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1943</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1944: <a href="/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross" title="International Committee of the Red Cross">International Committee of the Red Cross</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1945: <a href="/wiki/Cordell_Hull" title="Cordell Hull">Cordell Hull</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1946: <a href="/wiki/Emily_Greene_Balch" title="Emily Greene Balch">Emily Balch</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Mott" title="John Mott">John Mott</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1947: <a href="/wiki/Quaker_Peace_and_Social_Witness" title="Quaker Peace and Social Witness">Friends Service Council</a> / <a href="/wiki/American_Friends_Service_Committee" title="American Friends Service Committee">American Friends Service Committee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1948</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1949: <a href="/wiki/John_Boyd_Orr" title="John Boyd Orr">John Boyd Orr</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1950: <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Bunche" title="Ralph Bunche">Ralph Bunche</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1951: <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Jouhaux" title="Léon Jouhaux">Léon Jouhaux</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1952: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Schweitzer" title="Albert Schweitzer">Albert Schweitzer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1953: <a href="/wiki/George_C._Marshall" title="George C. Marshall">George C. Marshall</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1954: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees">United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1955</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1956</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1957: <a href="/wiki/Lester_B._Pearson" title="Lester B. Pearson">Lester B. Pearson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1958: <a href="/wiki/Dominique_Pire" title="Dominique Pire">Georges Pire</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1959: <a href="/wiki/Philip_Noel-Baker" title="Philip Noel-Baker">Philip Noel-Baker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1960: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Luthuli" title="Albert Luthuli">Albert Luthuli</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1961: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dag Hammarskjöld</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1962: <a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1963: <a href="/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross" title="International Committee of the Red Cross">International Committee of the Red Cross</a> / <a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">League of Red Cross Societies</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1964_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1964 Nobel Peace Prize">1964</a>: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1965_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1965 Nobel Peace Prize">1965</a>: <a href="/wiki/UNICEF" title="UNICEF">UNICEF</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575"><a href="/wiki/1966_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1966 Nobel Peace Prize">1966</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575"><a href="/wiki/1967_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1967 Nobel Peace Prize">1967</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1968_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1968 Nobel Peace Prize">1968</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Cassin" title="René Cassin">René Cassin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1969_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1969 Nobel Peace Prize">1969</a>: <a href="/wiki/International_Labour_Organization" title="International Labour Organization">International Labour Organization</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1970_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1970 Nobel Peace Prize">1970</a>: <a href="/wiki/Norman_Borlaug" title="Norman Borlaug">Norman Borlaug</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1971_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1971 Nobel Peace Prize">1971</a>: <a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#757575">1972</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1973_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1973 Nobel Peace Prize">1973</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AA_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_Th%E1%BB%8D" title="Lê Đức Thọ">Lê Đức Thọ</a> (declined award)</i> / <a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1974: <a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_MacBride" title="Seán MacBride">Seán MacBride</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eisaku_Sat%C5%8D" title="Eisaku Satō">Eisaku Satō</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1975: <a href="/wiki/Andrei_Sakharov" title="Andrei Sakharov">Andrei Sakharov</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1976: <a href="/wiki/Betty_Williams" title="Betty Williams">Betty Williams</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mairead_Maguire" title="Mairead Maguire">Mairead Corrigan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1977: <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1978: <a href="/wiki/Anwar_Sadat" title="Anwar Sadat">Anwar Sadat</a> / <a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" title="Menachem Begin">Menachem Begin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1979: <a href="/wiki/Mother_Teresa" title="Mother Teresa">Mother Teresa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1980: <a href="/wiki/Adolfo_P%C3%A9rez_Esquivel" title="Adolfo Pérez Esquivel">Adolfo Pérez Esquivel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1981: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees">United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1982: <a href="/wiki/Alva_Myrdal" title="Alva Myrdal">Alva Myrdal</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Garc%C3%ADa_Robles" title="Alfonso García Robles">Alfonso García Robles</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1983: <a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1984: <a href="/wiki/Desmond_Tutu" title="Desmond Tutu">Desmond Tutu</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1985: <a href="/wiki/International_Physicians_for_the_Prevention_of_Nuclear_War" title="International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War">International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1986: <a href="/wiki/Elie_Wiesel" title="Elie Wiesel">Elie Wiesel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1987: <a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Arias" title="Óscar Arias">Óscar Arias</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1988: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_peacekeeping" title="United Nations peacekeeping">UN Peacekeeping Forces</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1989: <a href="/wiki/14th_Dalai_Lama" title="14th Dalai Lama">Tenzin Gyatso (14th Dalai Lama)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1990: <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1991: <a href="/wiki/Aung_San_Suu_Kyi" title="Aung San Suu Kyi">Aung San Suu Kyi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1992: <a href="/wiki/Rigoberta_Mench%C3%BA" title="Rigoberta Menchú">Rigoberta Menchú</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1993: <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a> / <a href="/wiki/F._W._de_Klerk" title="F. W. de Klerk">F. W. de Klerk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1994: <a href="/wiki/Shimon_Peres" title="Shimon Peres">Shimon Peres</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1995: <a href="/wiki/Pugwash_Conferences_on_Science_and_World_Affairs" title="Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs">Pugwash Conferences</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Rotblat" title="Joseph Rotblat">Joseph Rotblat</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1996: <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Filipe_Ximenes_Belo" title="Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo">Carlos Belo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ramos-Horta" title="José Ramos-Horta">José Ramos-Horta</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1997: <a href="/wiki/International_Campaign_to_Ban_Landmines" title="International Campaign to Ban Landmines">International Campaign to Ban Landmines</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jody_Williams" title="Jody Williams">Jody Williams</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1998: <a href="/wiki/John_Hume" title="John Hume">John Hume</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Trimble" title="David Trimble">David Trimble</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1999: <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9decins_Sans_Fronti%C3%A8res" title="Médecins Sans Frontières">Médecins Sans Frontières</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2000: <a href="/wiki/Kim_Dae-jung" title="Kim Dae-jung">Kim Dae-jung</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2001_Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2001 Nobel Peace Prize">2001</a>: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kofi_Annan" title="Kofi Annan">Kofi Annan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2002_Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2002 Nobel Peace Prize">2002</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2003_Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2003 Nobel Peace Prize">2003</a>: <a href="/wiki/Shirin_Ebadi" title="Shirin Ebadi">Shirin Ebadi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2004_Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2004 Nobel Peace Prize">2004</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wangari_Maathai" class="mw-redirect" title="Wangari Maathai">Wangari Maathai</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2005_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2005 Nobel Peace Prize">2005</a>: <a href="/wiki/International_Atomic_Energy_Agency" title="International Atomic Energy Agency">International Atomic Energy Agency</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_ElBaradei" title="Mohamed ElBaradei">Mohamed ElBaradei</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2006_Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2006 Nobel Peace Prize">2006</a>: <a href="/wiki/Grameen_Bank" title="Grameen Bank">Grameen Bank</a> / <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Yunus" title="Muhammad Yunus">Muhammad Yunus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2007_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2007 Nobel Peace Prize">2007</a>: <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a> / <a href="/wiki/Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Change" title="Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change">Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2008_Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2008 Nobel Peace Prize">2008</a>: <a href="/wiki/Martti_Ahtisaari" title="Martti Ahtisaari">Martti Ahtisaari</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2009_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2009 Nobel Peace Prize">2009</a>: <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2010_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2010 Nobel Peace Prize">2010</a>: <a href="/wiki/Liu_Xiaobo" title="Liu Xiaobo">Liu Xiaobo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2011_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2011 Nobel Peace Prize">2011</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ellen_Johnson_Sirleaf" title="Ellen Johnson Sirleaf">Ellen Johnson Sirleaf</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leymah_Gbowee" title="Leymah Gbowee">Leymah Gbowee</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tawakkol_Karman" title="Tawakkol Karman">Tawakkol Karman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2012_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2012 Nobel Peace Prize">2012</a>: <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2013_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2013 Nobel Peace Prize">2013</a>: <a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_the_Prohibition_of_Chemical_Weapons" title="Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons">Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2014_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2014 Nobel Peace Prize">2014</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kailash_Satyarthi" title="Kailash Satyarthi">Kailash Satyarthi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Malala_Yousafzai" title="Malala Yousafzai">Malala Yousafzai</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2015_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2015 Nobel Peace Prize">2015</a>: <a href="/wiki/Tunisian_National_Dialogue_Quartet" title="Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet">Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2016_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2016 Nobel Peace Prize">2016</a>: <a href="/wiki/Juan_Manuel_Santos" title="Juan Manuel Santos">Juan Manuel Santos</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2017 Nobel Peace Prize">2017</a>: <a href="/wiki/International_Campaign_to_Abolish_Nuclear_Weapons" title="International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons">International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2018 Nobel Peace Prize">2018</a>: <a href="/wiki/Denis_Mukwege" title="Denis Mukwege">Denis Mukwege</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nadia_Murad" title="Nadia Murad">Nadia Murad</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2019_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2019 Nobel Peace Prize">2019</a>: <a href="/wiki/Abiy_Ahmed" title="Abiy Ahmed">Abiy Ahmed</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2020_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2020 Nobel Peace Prize">2020</a>: <a href="/wiki/World_Food_Programme" title="World Food Programme">World Food Programme</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2021_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2021 Nobel Peace Prize">2021</a>: <a href="/wiki/Maria_Ressa" title="Maria Ressa">Maria Ressa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Muratov" title="Dmitry Muratov">Dmitry Muratov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2022_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2022 Nobel Peace Prize">2022</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ales_Bialiatski" title="Ales Bialiatski">Ales Bialiatski</a> / <a href="/wiki/Memorial_(society)" title="Memorial (society)">Memorial</a> / <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Civil_Liberties_(human_rights_organization)" title="Center for Civil Liberties (human rights organization)">Center for Civil Liberties</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2023_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2023 Nobel Peace Prize">2023</a>: <a href="/wiki/Narges_Mohammadi" title="Narges Mohammadi">Narges Mohammadi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2024_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2024 Nobel Peace Prize">2024</a>: <a href="/wiki/Nihon_Hidankyo" title="Nihon Hidankyo">Nihon Hidankyo</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1961_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1961 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="1961_Nobel_Prize_laureates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1961 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> laureates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Melvin_Calvin" title="Melvin Calvin">Melvin Calvin</a> (United States)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Literature</a> (<a href="/wiki/1961_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1961 Nobel Prize in Literature">1961</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ivo_Andri%C4%87" title="Ivo Andrić">Ivo Andrić</a> (Yugoslavia)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Peace</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dag Hammarskjöld</a> (Sweden)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Physics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hofstadter" title="Robert Hofstadter">Robert Hofstadter</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_M%C3%B6ssbauer" title="Rudolf Mössbauer">Rudolf Mössbauer</a> (Germany)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Physiology or Medicine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Georg_von_B%C3%A9k%C3%A9sy" title="Georg von Békésy">Georg von Békésy</a> (United States)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates" title="List of Nobel laureates">Nobel Prize recipients</a></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1956_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1956 Nobel Prize winners">1956</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1957_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1957 Nobel Prize winners">1957</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1958_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1958 Nobel Prize winners">1958</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1959_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1959 Nobel Prize winners">1959</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1960_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1960 Nobel Prize winners">1960</a></dd> <dd><b>1961 </b></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1962_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1962 Nobel Prize winners">1962</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1963_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1963 Nobel Prize winners">1963</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1964_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1964 Nobel Prize winners">1964</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1965_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1965 Nobel Prize winners">1965</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1966_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1966 Nobel Prize winners">1966</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Swedish_Nobel_laureates" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Swedish_Nobel_Laureates" title="Template:Swedish Nobel Laureates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Swedish_Nobel_Laureates" title="Template talk:Swedish Nobel Laureates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Swedish_Nobel_Laureates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Swedish Nobel Laureates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Swedish_Nobel_laureates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Swedish <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates" title="List of Nobel laureates">laureates</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1903: <a href="/wiki/Svante_Arrhenius" title="Svante Arrhenius">Svante Arrhenius</a></li> <li>1926: <a href="/wiki/Theodor_Svedberg" title="Theodor Svedberg">Theodor Svedberg</a></li> <li>1929: <a href="/wiki/Hans_von_Euler-Chelpin" title="Hans von Euler-Chelpin">Hans von Euler-Chelpin</a></li> <li>1948: <a href="/wiki/Arne_Tiselius" title="Arne Tiselius">Arne Tiselius</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/wiki/Tomas_Lindahl" title="Tomas Lindahl">Tomas Lindahl</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/80px-Nobel_Prize.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/120px-Nobel_Prize.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/160px-Nobel_Prize.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1909: <a href="/wiki/Selma_Lagerl%C3%B6f" title="Selma Lagerlöf">Selma Lagerlöf</a></li> <li>1916: <a href="/wiki/Verner_von_Heidenstam" title="Verner von Heidenstam">Verner von Heidenstam</a></li> <li>1931: <a href="/wiki/Erik_Axel_Karlfeldt" title="Erik Axel Karlfeldt">Erik Axel Karlfeldt</a> <small>(posthumously)</small></li> <li>1951: <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A4r_Lagerkvist" title="Pär Lagerkvist">Pär Lagerkvist</a></li> <li>1966: <a href="/wiki/Nelly_Sachs" title="Nelly Sachs">Nelly Sachs</a></li> <li>1974: <a href="/wiki/Eyvind_Johnson" title="Eyvind Johnson">Eyvind Johnson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harry_Martinson" title="Harry Martinson">Harry Martinson</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/Tomas_Transtr%C3%B6mer" title="Tomas Tranströmer">Tomas Tranströmer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Peace</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1908: <a href="/wiki/Klas_Pontus_Arnoldson" title="Klas Pontus Arnoldson">Klas Pontus Arnoldson</a></li> <li>1921: <a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Branting" title="Hjalmar Branting">Hjalmar Branting</a></li> <li>1930: <a href="/wiki/Nathan_S%C3%B6derblom" title="Nathan Söderblom">Nathan Söderblom</a></li> <li>1961: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dag Hammarskjöld</a> <small>(posthumously)</small></li> <li>1982: <a href="/wiki/Alva_Myrdal" title="Alva Myrdal">Alva Myrdal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Physics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1912: <a href="/wiki/Gustaf_Dal%C3%A9n" title="Gustaf Dalén">Gustaf Dalén</a></li> <li>1924: <a href="/wiki/Manne_Siegbahn" title="Manne Siegbahn">Manne Siegbahn</a></li> <li>1970: <a href="/wiki/Hannes_Alfv%C3%A9n" title="Hannes Alfvén">Hannes Alfvén</a></li> <li>1981: <a href="/wiki/Kai_Siegbahn" title="Kai Siegbahn">Kai Siegbahn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Physiology or Medicine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1911: <a href="/wiki/Allvar_Gullstrand" title="Allvar Gullstrand">Allvar Gullstrand</a></li> <li>1955: <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Theorell" title="Hugo Theorell">Hugo Theorell</a></li> <li>1967: <a href="/wiki/Ragnar_Granit" title="Ragnar Granit">Ragnar Granit</a></li> <li>1970: <a href="/wiki/Ulf_von_Euler" title="Ulf von Euler">Ulf von Euler</a></li> <li>1981: <a href="/wiki/Torsten_Wiesel" title="Torsten Wiesel">Torsten Wiesel</a></li> <li>1982: <a href="/wiki/Sune_Bergstr%C3%B6m" title="Sune Bergström">Sune Bergström</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bengt_I._Samuelsson" title="Bengt I. Samuelsson">Bengt I. Samuelsson</a></li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson">Arvid Carlsson</a></li> <li>2022: <a href="/wiki/Svante_P%C3%A4%C3%A4bo" title="Svante Pääbo">Svante Pääbo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Economic Sciences</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1974: <a href="/wiki/Gunnar_Myrdal" title="Gunnar Myrdal">Gunnar Myrdal</a></li> <li>1977: <a href="/wiki/Bertil_Ohlin" title="Bertil Ohlin">Bertil Ohlin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Secretaries-general_of_the_League_of_Nations_and_the_United_Nations" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:LN_and_UN_Secretaries-General" title="Template:LN and UN Secretaries-General"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:LN_and_UN_Secretaries-General" title="Template talk:LN and UN Secretaries-General"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:LN_and_UN_Secretaries-General" title="Special:EditPage/Template:LN and UN Secretaries-General"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Secretaries-general_of_the_League_of_Nations_and_the_United_Nations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary-General">Secretaries-general</a> of the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations" title="League of Nations">League of Nations</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations" title="Secretary-General of the United Nations">United Nations</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">League of Nations<br />(1919–1945)</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Drummond,_7th_Earl_of_Perth" title="Eric Drummond, 7th Earl of Perth">Eric Drummond</a> (United Kingdom)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Avenol" title="Joseph Avenol">Joseph Avenol</a> (France)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_Lester" title="Seán Lester">Seán Lester</a> (Ireland)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UN_emblem_blue.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of the United Nations"><img alt="Emblem of the United Nations" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/UN_emblem_blue.svg/75px-UN_emblem_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/UN_emblem_blue.svg/113px-UN_emblem_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/UN_emblem_blue.svg/150px-UN_emblem_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="436" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">United Nations<br />(since 1945)</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gladwyn_Jebb" title="Gladwyn Jebb">Gladwyn Jebb</a></i><sup><small>1</small></sup> (United Kingdom)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trygve_Lie" title="Trygve Lie">Trygve Lie</a> (Norway)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dag Hammarskjöld</a> (Sweden)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/U_Thant" title="U Thant">U Thant</a> (Burma)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Waldheim" title="Kurt Waldheim">Kurt Waldheim</a> (Austria)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javier_P%C3%A9rez_de_Cu%C3%A9llar" title="Javier Pérez de Cuéllar">Javier Pérez de Cuéllar</a> (Peru)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boutros_Boutros-Ghali" title="Boutros Boutros-Ghali">Boutros Boutros-Ghali</a> (Egypt)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kofi_Annan" title="Kofi Annan">Kofi Annan</a> (Ghana)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ban_Ki-moon" title="Ban Ki-moon">Ban Ki-moon</a> (South Korea)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Guterres" title="António Guterres">António Guterres</a> (Portugal)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_leaders_of_the_League_of_Nations" title="List of leaders of the League of Nations">Leaders of the League of Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Secretariat" title="United Nations Secretariat">United Nations Secretariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations" title="Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations">Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations" title="Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations">Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations_memoirs" title="List of Secretary-General of the United Nations memoirs">UN Secretary General memoirs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><sup><small>1</small></sup> Provisional Secretary-General prior to the election of Trygve Lie.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12029110m">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00467865">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Hammarskjöld, Dag"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/RAVV048213">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35166507">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20000700664&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1202674">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external 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href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=183904">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC201843542">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/75kmnkmr503jx21">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810607819005606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/242939">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007303440205171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000043178">Finland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058519832106706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14121113">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01960585?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/a82ca9af-fc48-40e0-8601-3339da2d127a">MusicBrainz</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/f5e12e3d-afb0-481e-8af1-bbb9aa3eb8ca">KulturNav</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/848897">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118545388.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118545388">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/032057938">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10580969">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w62r42gn">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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