CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Korean hip hop - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"b9607689-bae8-40e5-85b7-53a2ed22373d","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Korean_hip_hop","wgTitle":"Korean hip hop","wgCurRevisionId":1260737640,"wgRevisionId":1260737640,"wgArticleId":690271,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list","CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list","All pages needing factual verification","Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from September 2019","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from July 2023","Articles with permanently dead external links","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Wikipedia articles with style issues from March 2020", "All articles with style issues","Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes from March 2020","All Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes","Articles with multiple maintenance issues","Articles containing Korean-language text","South Korean hip hop"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Korean_hip_hop","wgRelevantArticleId":690271,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":60000, "wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q6431989","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage": "ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Korean hip hop - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_hip_hop"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_hip_hop"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Korean_hip_hop rootpage-Korean_hip_hop skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Korean+hip+hop" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Korean+hip+hop" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Korean+hip+hop" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Korean+hip+hop" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Characteristics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Characteristics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Characteristics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Characteristics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Characteristics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Linguistic_hybridization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Linguistic_hybridization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Linguistic hybridization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Linguistic_hybridization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subject_matter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subject_matter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Subject matter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subject_matter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Musical_elements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musical_elements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Musical elements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Musical_elements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Virtual_and_local_scenes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Virtual_and_local_scenes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Virtual and local scenes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Virtual_and_local_scenes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Web-based_communities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Web-based_communities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.1</span> <span>Web-based communities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Web-based_communities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hongdae_as_a_local_scene" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hongdae_as_a_local_scene"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.2</span> <span>Hongdae as a local scene</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hongdae_as_a_local_scene-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relations_with_the_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relations_with_the_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Relations with the media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relations_with_the_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hip-hop_TV_shows" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hip-hop_TV_shows"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.1</span> <span>Hip-hop TV shows</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hip-hop_TV_shows-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_media_and_YouTube" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_media_and_YouTube"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.2</span> <span>Social media and YouTube</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social_media_and_YouTube-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Overlap_with_the_K-pop_industry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overlap_with_the_K-pop_industry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Overlap with the K-pop industry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overlap_with_the_K-pop_industry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Late_1980s–early_1990s:_Origins_of_Korean_hip-hop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_1980s–early_1990s:_Origins_of_Korean_hip-hop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Late 1980s–early 1990s: Origins of Korean hip-hop</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late_1980s–early_1990s:_Origins_of_Korean_hip-hop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Late_1990s–2010s:_Growing_popularity_and_underground_development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_1990s–2010s:_Growing_popularity_and_underground_development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Late 1990s–2010s: Growing popularity and underground development</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late_1990s–2010s:_Growing_popularity_and_underground_development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2010s–present:_Mainstream_popularity_with_Show_Me_the_Money_and_growth_of_independent_labels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010s–present:_Mainstream_popularity_with_Show_Me_the_Money_and_growth_of_independent_labels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>2010s–present: Mainstream popularity with <i>Show Me the Money</i> and growth of independent labels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010s–present:_Mainstream_popularity_with_Show_Me_the_Money_and_growth_of_independent_labels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Foreign relations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Foreign_relations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Foreign relations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Foreign_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Localization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Localization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Localization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Localization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Globalization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Globalization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Globalization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Globalization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Criticism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-musical_aspects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-musical_aspects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Non-musical aspects</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Non-musical_aspects-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Non-musical aspects subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Non-musical_aspects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-B-boying_scene" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#B-boying_scene"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>B-boying scene</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-B-boying_scene-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fashion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fashion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Fashion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fashion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Korean hip hop</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 4 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-4" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">4 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hip-hop_sud-cor%C3%A9en" title="Hip-hop sud-coréen – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hip-hop sud-coréen" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%ED%9E%99%ED%95%A9" title="대한민국의 힙합 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="대한민국의 힙합" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%B0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E-%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98" title="კორეული ჰიპ-ჰოპი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კორეული ჰიპ-ჰოპი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hip_hop_coreano" title="Hip hop coreano – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hip hop coreano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6431989#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Korean_hip_hop" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Korean_hip_hop" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Korean_hip_hop"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Korean_hip_hop"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Korean_hip_hop" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Korean_hip_hop" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&oldid=1260737640" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Korean_hip_hop&id=1260737640&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKorean_hip_hop"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKorean_hip_hop"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Korean_hip_hop&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6431989" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Music genre</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-move" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e0/Merge-split-transwiki_default.svg/36px-Merge-split-transwiki_default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e0/Merge-split-transwiki_default.svg/54px-Merge-split-transwiki_default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e0/Merge-split-transwiki_default.svg/72px-Merge-split-transwiki_default.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>A request that this article title be changed to <i><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip-hop&redirect=no">Korean hip-hop</a></span></i> is <a href="/wiki/Talk:Hip-hop#Requested_move_2_December_2024" title="Talk:Hip-hop">under discussion</a></b>. Please <em>do not move</em> this article until the discussion is closed.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248332772">.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text{width:95%;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-content{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox{border:none;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;margin:0 0 0 1.6em!important;padding:0!important;width:auto;display:block}body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox.mbox-small-left{font-size:100%;width:auto;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text{padding:0!important;margin:0!important}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text-span{display:list-item;line-height:1.5em;list-style-type:disc}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-toggle,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-image,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-imageright,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-empty-cell,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}</style><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This article has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Korean_hip_hop" title="Special:EditPage/Korean hip hop">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Talk:Korean_hip_hop" title="Talk:Korean hip hop">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Essay-like plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-essay-like" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>is written like a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_publisher_of_original_thought" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay</a></b> that states a Wikipedia editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit">help improve it</a> by rewriting it in an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Information_style_and_tone" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">encyclopedic style</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-POV plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-POV" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/45px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/68px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/90px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="354" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">The <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutrality</a> of this article is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NPOV_dispute" title="Wikipedia:NPOV dispute">disputed</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Korean_hip_hop##" title="Talk:Korean hip hop">talk page</a>. Please do not remove this message until <a href="/wiki/Template:POV#When_to_remove" title="Template:POV">conditions to do so are met</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Korean hip hop</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Stylistic origins</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><a href="/wiki/Hip-hop_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip-hop music">Hip hop</a>, <a href="/wiki/K-pop" title="K-pop">K-pop</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cultural origins</th><td class="infobox-data hlist">Late 1980s – early 1990s, South Korea</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Other topics</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data hlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breakdancing" title="Breakdancing">Breakdancing</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_wave" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean wave">Korean wave</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Korean <a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip hop music">hip-hop</a></b>, also known as <b>K-hip-hop</b> or <b>K-rap</b>, is a subgenre of the <a href="/wiki/K-pop" title="K-pop">South Korean popular music</a>. </p><p>It is widely considered to have originated in the late 1980s and early 1990s,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has since become increasingly popular, both in <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> and abroad.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While South Korea's hip-hop culture includes various elements such as <a href="/wiki/Rapping" title="Rapping">rap</a>, <a href="/wiki/Graffiti" title="Graffiti">graffiti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Disc_jockey" title="Disc jockey">DJing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turntablism" title="Turntablism">turntablism</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Breakdancing" title="Breakdancing">b-boying</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> rapping makes up a significant part of the culture. The term "hip-hop" is largely recognized and understood as "rap" in Korea.<sup id="cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Linguistic_hybridization">Linguistic hybridization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Linguistic hybridization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The interplay between the <a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a> language and English has been used as a technical and aesthetic device in Korean hip-hop. Many Korean hip-hop songs contain syllabic similarities that could be interpreted in either languages. The bilingual aspect of this music is one distinguishing factor between Korean hip-hop and American hip-hop.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As early-stage Korean hip-hop was heavily influenced by <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African-American</a> hip-hop, Korean hip-hop artists began using <a href="/wiki/African-American_Vernacular_English" title="African-American Vernacular English">AAVE</a> in their lyrics.<sup id="cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The dominance of Korean-Americans in the Korean hip-hop scene also contributed to the use of mixed languages in Korean hip-hop. English-speaking Korean diaspora artists such as <a href="/wiki/Drunken_Tiger" title="Drunken Tiger">Drunken Tiger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Epik_High" title="Epik High">Epik High</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Tablo" title="Tablo">Tablo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swings_(rapper)" title="Swings (rapper)">Swings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jay_Park" title="Jay Park">Jay Park</a>, and <a href="/wiki/San_E" title="San E">San E</a> have included English lyrics in their raps. </p><p>In the late 1990s and early 2000s, there were debates on the authenticity of lyrics written in English, and some artists deliberately refrained from using English in their lyrics.<sup id="cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Garion_(band)" title="Garion (band)">Garion</a> was widely known for only using the Korean language in their lyrics. The word, Garion, a Korean word referring to a mythical white horse with a black mane, also reflects the group's identity. Today, the movement has weakened as Korean rap is now believed to have fully established in terms of linguistic and rhythmic making using the Korean language.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subject_matter">Subject matter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Subject matter"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although Korean hip-hop adopted American hip-hop music, the difference in culture naturally led to the difference in lyrical content. For example, in the early stages of Korean hip-hop music, many Korean rappers referenced <a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucian</a> values and idioms. <a href="/wiki/Bill_Stax" title="Bill Stax">Bill Stax</a> (formerly known as Vasco), a Korean rapper, explains, “While American hip-hop mainly dealt with themes of women, money, and drugs, there are no drugs in Korea. We need to tell stories that our friends can relate to and enjoy.” Themes that are most often dealt with in Korean hip-hop music are everyday life, personal stories and social issues specific to Korean culture in the case of underground hip-hop, and love in the case of mainstream hip-hop.<sup id="cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Musical_elements">Musical elements</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Musical elements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Source:<sup id="cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While differences in sound were deemed small in distinguishing Korean hip-hop music from American hip-hop music, there has been a consistent effort to incorporate Korean traditional sound into hip-hop music. <a href="/wiki/Seo_Taiji_and_Boys" title="Seo Taiji and Boys">Seo Taiji and Boys</a>, the first Korean musician to adopt hip-hop elements in music, added a short solo playing of the traditional Korean conical oboe (taepyeongso) in their song "Hayeoga" (1993). <a href="/wiki/MC_Sniper" title="MC Sniper">MC Sniper</a>, an underground rapper and the founder of the hip-hop crew Buddha Baby, is known for his early use of traditional musical and religious elements including the 12-stringed zither (gayageum) and the transverse bamboo flute (daegeum) and the Buddhist wooden percussion (moktak) in his productions. Ones, a first-generation Korean hip-hop musician, is known for his cross-over experiments between hip-hop and Korean traditional music. In April 2016, "Eung Freestyle" produced by DPR crew which mainly used the Korean instrument <a href="/wiki/Gayageum" title="Gayageum">gayageum</a> attracted global popularity after being released on YouTube.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Korean hiphop music also often shows musical influences from <a href="/wiki/Korean_ballad" title="Korean ballad">Korean ballads</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trot_(music)" title="Trot (music)">trot</a>, such as melodies based on Korean traditional <a href="/wiki/Pentatonic_scale" title="Pentatonic scale">pentatonic scales</a>, so-called "<a href="/wiki/Gugak" class="mw-redirect" title="Gugak">gugak</a> scales", and "bbongki" (<span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">뽕기</span></span>), a bounciness closely associated with trot music. </p><p>There has been criticism for such a movement. Some musicians noted that Korean hip-hop should not have a unique sound, but follow or use a recognizable global hip-hop sound. For example, Code Kunst, a Korean hip-hop producer, noted that “I do not think Korea needs a unique sound of its own. People who are not Korean can sample ‘Korean’ sounds as well.” </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Virtual_and_local_scenes">Virtual and local scenes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Virtual and local scenes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Unlike American hip-hop, Korean hip-hop started in the rooms and personal computer spaces of hip-hop fans and then moved to the streets and performance spaces of Hongdae.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Web-based_communities">Web-based communities</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Web-based communities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Early stage Korean hip-hop was closely linked to the web-based communities created on web servers. Servers such as Chollian, HiTel, Daum, Nate, and Naver provided free web-based emails, messaging services, and forums. PC communities created in these servers such as BLEX, Dope Soundz, and Show N Prove (SNP) worked as a place to share Korean translations of English lyrics, swap imported cassette tapes and CDs, and discuss the meaning of hip-hop in their lives. First generation artists such as Verbal Jint, P-Type, Defconn (SNP), and Garion (BLEX) actively participated in these online communities. Web server-based communities diminished when people stopped using web servers in the early 2000s, and the communities moved onto webzines and online sites. These webzines not only published articles but also facilitated communications in the hip-hop scene. Some online sites such as Hiphopplaya (since 2000), Rhythmer (since 2001) <i>HiphopLE</i> (since 2010) are still actively used as an online community for hip-hop discussions as of 2019. Many of these online community users started holding a monthly offline meeting called <i>jeongmo</i> to discuss hip-hop music and perform their works, leading to the development of local scenes. </p><p>In early 2017, the very first Korean hip-hop Awards was presented by two of the largest Korean hip-hop webzines, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=HiphopLE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HiphopLE (page does not exist)">HipHopLE</a></i> and <i>Hiphopplaya</i>. Some of the awards included Rookie of the Year, Producer of the Year, hip-hop Track of the Year, hip-hop Album of the Year, and Artist of the Year. The winners being <a href="/wiki/Justhis" title="Justhis">JUSTHIS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Groovy_Room" class="mw-redirect" title="Groovy Room">Groovy Room</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bewhy" title="Bewhy">BeWhy</a>'s “Forever”, <a href="/wiki/Nucksal" title="Nucksal">Nucksal</a>'s <i>The God of Small Things</i>, and Jay Park respectively. In addition, the awards included a category showing which artists to look out for, such as Live and Mac Kidd. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hongdae_as_a_local_scene">Hongdae as a local scene</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Hongdae as a local scene"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since the mid-1990s, <a href="/wiki/Hongdae,_Seoul" class="mw-redirect" title="Hongdae, Seoul">Hongdae</a> became the physical center of the Korean hip-hop scene. Hongdae, a northwestern part of Seoul, is named after a nearby Hongik University in the area. Widely known for its prestigious art/music college and liberal atmosphere, <a href="/wiki/Hongik_University" title="Hongik University">Hongik University</a> contributed to the emergence of youth culture including hip-hop music in the area. From the late 1990s, many clubs began to emerge in Hongdae where various types of music such as rock, techno, and hip-hop were played. Master Plan (MP), originally an indie rock club located in the greater Hongdae area, is often regarded as the birthplace of underground Korean hip-hop. MP worked as a site for consuming, performing, and sharing hip-hop music. Street hip-hop events such as Everyone's Mic hosted by Hiphopplaya also took place in Hongdae. Everyone's Mic is a weekly open rap competition for underground musicians where participants perform freestyle rap based on the beat played by the DJ. Hongdae not only functioned as a tangible place for production and consumption but also became a symbolic place for underground hip-hop music and imaginary <i>gohyang</i> (hometown) for musicians to build their identities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relations_with_the_media">Relations with the media</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Relations with the media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The media has played a huge role in forming the Korean hip-hop scene. The TV program <a href="/wiki/Show_Me_the_Money_(South_Korean_TV_series)" title="Show Me the Money (South Korean TV series)"><i>Show Me the Money</i></a> (<i>SMTM</i>) gained massive popularity and enabled hip-hop music to be mainstream music in Korea. However, criticism against the authenticity of the TV show resulted in the emergence of independent YouTube channels operated by hip-hop labels and musicians. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hip-hop_TV_shows">Hip-hop TV shows</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Hip-hop TV shows"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Starting in 2012, hip-hop audition programs such as <i>Show Me the Money</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Unpretty_Rapstar" title="Unpretty Rapstar">Unpretty Rapstar</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/High_School_Rapper" title="High School Rapper">High School Rapper</a></i> became widely popular in Korea. SMTM is an audition program for amateur and professional rappers in which the top 16 rappers divide into 4 teams and compete to be the final winner.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Unpretty Rapstar</i> is a female counterpart of <i>SMTM</i> and <i>High School Rapper</i> is a high school version of <i>SMTM</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of November 2022, <i>SMTM</i> has had eleven seasons. <i>Unpretty Rapstar</i> has had 3 seasons since 2015 and <i>High School Rapper</i> has had 3 seasons since 2017. These reality competition shows are produced by Mnet, South Korea's largest cable music channel operated under CJ Entertainment & Media (<a href="/wiki/CJ_E%26M" class="mw-redirect" title="CJ E&M">CJ E&M</a>), an entertainment and media conglomerate. </p><p>These TV shows changed the notion of underground and overground hip-hop music in South Korea. Before the show, musicians who signed with major labels and frequently appeared on TV were considered overground rappers while ones who performed on small stages and worked independently were recognized as underground rappers. However, as hip-hop TV shows made hip-hop music mainstream, even the underground rappers who were critical of overground rappers gained visibility through TV and started working with pop artists. Also, with the success of <i>SMTM</i>, underground rappers who negatively thought of signing with labels started considering the idea due to the promise of rising profits in the genre.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, Deepflow of VMC who criticized overground rappers for commercializing the hip-hop scene, actively participated in several hip-hop TV shows as a producer from 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nafla and Loopy of Mkit Rain who criticized overground rappers for joining <i>SMTM</i> eventually joined <i>SMTM</i> season 7 as participants as well.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rather than being a stage for only the overground rappers, media and TV shows are now viewed as an opportunity for all types of new rappers to gain visibility and rise to the stardom. This transition has eventually blurred the distinction between underground and overground musicians. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Social_media_and_YouTube">Social media and YouTube</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Social media and YouTube"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Social media platforms such as <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> and <a href="/wiki/SoundCloud" title="SoundCloud">SoundCloud</a> has been one of the main channels Korean hip-hop artists present their works and communicate with its fans. Mic Swagger, a YouTube-based freestyle rapping content that invites different hip-hop musicians as guests each episode, became a huge success throughout its four seasons since 2009 and contributed to the popularization of freestyle rap.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.goodbgm.com/season-1">[1]</a> Also, in response to the criticism against the mainstream hip-hop media like Mnet, hip-hop artists started creating independent channels to express their thoughts and present their music to the public. Label <a href="/wiki/H1ghr_Music" title="H1ghr Music">H1ghr Music</a> partnered with Dingo, an online media content creator, to promote new songs independent from the mainstream media.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.mk.co.kr/news/entertain/view/2017/09/616935/">[2]</a> In 2018, rapper Mommy Son released a song named “Mommy Jump” through his YouTube channel after being eliminated from SMTM season 7. The song, which directly condemned Mnet and SMTM, became a massive hit and was nominated the hip-hop song of the year with 38 million YouTube views (as of June 2019).<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3ZFtSoWtRc">[3]</a> </p><p>Rappers and idols also use social media apps as a way of connecting to their fans, creating a sense of friendship with their fans.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The use of music streaming apps such as SoundCloud, YouTube, and Spotify can help in exposure for Korean artists, as many of these apps, especially SoundCloud, are used by young kids around the world to discover these artists.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much of the music on these apps provide a similar sound to American rap music, which is popular not only for American teenagers but teenagers abroad as well. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://medium.com/@juhapetteri.raatikainen/the-rise-of-korean-rap-culture-6df2afaf3b3a">[4]</a> There is also room for more experimentation on music platforms such as SoundCloud because artists can upload their work and express their creativity in a way they could not in the Korean idol system and form a deeper connection with their audiences with their work, as well as promote their solo work. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://seoulbeats.com/2017/05/soundcloud-and-k-pop-where-artists-can-experiment/">[5]</a> </p><p>The emergence of bilingual Korean rappers also helps bridge the gap between Korean and American hip-hop music along with social media. They can communicate with American fans in a way most non-English-speaking Korean rappers cannot. DPR Live explained his newfound presence in the US with his first-ever concert, by saying “I always thought, you know, me being bilingual, just looking at the quality of both music, it's both up to par. But Korean music has just as nice flavor and amazing qualities. [It's] just the world doesn't know yet. And obviously, America is everywhere. Everyone knows. And I'm just excited to close the gap a little more.” <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8260874/dpr-live-action-crew-interview-sxsw">[6]</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Overlap_with_the_K-pop_industry">Overlap with the K-pop industry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Overlap with the K-pop industry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In its early days, most Korean hip-hop fell into a category called "rap dance", where artists mixed rapping with pop music.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many <a href="/wiki/K-pop" title="K-pop">K-pop</a> artists incorporated rap into their music, from <a href="/wiki/Seo_Taiji" title="Seo Taiji">Seo Taiji</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jinusean" title="Jinusean">Jinusean</a> in the 1990s to <a href="/wiki/Big_Bang_(South_Korean_band)" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Bang (South Korean band)">Big Bang</a> and <a href="/wiki/Block_B" title="Block B">Block B</a> in the 2010s.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, rap in K-pop music was not considered serious hip-hop music and some hip-hop musicians criticized K-pop music for commercializing hip-hop. For example, rapper <a href="/wiki/Olltii" title="Olltii">Olltii</a> criticized K-pop idol rappers in his <i>Show Me the Money</i> performance against <a href="/wiki/Bobby_(rapper)" title="Bobby (rapper)">Bobby</a> for being unskilled and manufactured by large entertainment agencies.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As hip-hop music gained popularity and became part of Korean mainstream music, many idol rappers began to interact with the hip-hop scene. Jay Park, former leader of 2PM, went on to be the founder and CEO of two of the biggest Korean hip-hop labels, AOMG and H1GHR Music. Park has expressed that he doesn't consider himself a K-pop artist anymore as he feels distant from the K-pop industry nowadays. Zico, who was active as an underground rapper before officially debuting with Block B, gained the scene's respect for his rapping and producing skills and maintained a close relationship with the K-hiphop scene throughout his career. However, there is discourse about whether idol rappers are real rappers. During BTS' rookie days, the group's rap line which consists of RM, Suga, and j-hope, received criticism from hip-hop artist B Free for "quitting" being rappers and continued saying idol rappers are not real rappers.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> iKon's Bobby won the third season of Show Me the Money. Song Mino of Winner was active as an underground rapper alongside Zico from Block B and was the runner-up of the fourth season of SMTM. Ravi of Vixx founded the hiphop label GROOVL1N, which is home to prominent rappers such as Nafla and JUSTHIS. BTS' RM collaborated and performed with rappers such as Zico and Changmo before joining the group, and has since then collaborated with several artists from the scene. </p><p>In addition, Korean hip-hop artists started collaborating with K-pop artists.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Successful collaborations include "<a href="/wiki/Some_(song)" title="Some (song)">Some</a>," a 2014 song by <a href="/wiki/Soyou" title="Soyou">Soyou</a> of girl group <a href="/wiki/Sistar" title="Sistar">Sistar</a>, R&B singer <a href="/wiki/Junggigo" title="Junggigo">Junggigo</a>, and rapper <a href="/wiki/Lil_Boi" title="Lil Boi">Lil Boi</a>, that was <a href="/wiki/Billboard_charts" title="Billboard charts">Billboard</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Korea_K-Pop_Hot_100" class="mw-redirect" title="Korea K-Pop Hot 100">K-pop Hot 100</a>'s longest running #1 hit of 2014;<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "<a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Sweetness" title="A Midsummer Night's Sweetness">A Midsummer Night's Sweetness</a>," a 2014 collaboration of <a href="/wiki/After_School_(band)" class="mw-redirect" title="After School (band)">After School</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Raina_(singer)" title="Raina (singer)">Raina</a> and rapper <a href="/wiki/San_E" title="San E">San E</a>, that topped ten Korean music charts shortly after its debut and went on to win several major year-end awards;<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "<a href="/wiki/I_(Taeyeon_song)" title="I (Taeyeon song)">I</a>," a 2015 song by <a href="/wiki/Girls%27_Generation" title="Girls' Generation">Girls' Generation</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Kim_Tae-yeon" class="mw-redirect" title="Kim Tae-yeon">Taeyeon</a> featuring rapper <a href="/wiki/Verbal_Jint" title="Verbal Jint">Verbal Jint</a>, that topped eight Korean music charts after its release.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Late_1980s–early_1990s:_Origins_of_Korean_hip-hop"><span id="Late_1980s.E2.80.93early_1990s:_Origins_of_Korean_hip-hop"></span>Late 1980s–early 1990s: Origins of Korean hip-hop</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Late 1980s–early 1990s: Origins of Korean hip-hop"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Korean hip-hop first emerged in South Korea in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Hip-hop culture itself was first introduced to South Korea through cultural diffusion from American soldiers stationed at the Yongsan Base during the war. Specifically, the clubs in Itaewon served as a hub for American soldiers, and later in the mid-1980s, opened up to Korean citizens and they shared a space for hip-hop beats and dance on the dance floor.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the end of authoritarian military rule in Korea, the loosening of state censorship of popular music in the late 1980s and the arrival of <a href="/wiki/1988_Seoul_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="1988 Seoul Olympics">1988 Seoul Olympics</a> brought global musical styles like hip-hop, rap, and rhythm and blues through the <a href="/wiki/Korean_diaspora" title="Korean diaspora">Korean diaspora</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rock musician Hong Seo-beom's 1989 song about a 19th-century Korean poet, "Kim Sat-gat," is credited as being the first Korean pop song to contain rapping.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hyun_Jin-young" title="Hyun Jin-young">Hyun Jin-young</a>, a rapper who debuted the following year with the album, <i>New Dance</i>, is considered to be the first Korean hip-hop artist.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DJ_DOC_@_Cyworld_Dream_Music_Festival_%EC%8B%B8%EC%9D%B4%EC%9B%94%EB%93%9C_%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%BC_%EB%AE%A4%EC%A7%81_%ED%8E%98%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B0%EB%B2%8C_36.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/DJ_DOC_%40_Cyworld_Dream_Music_Festival_%EC%8B%B8%EC%9D%B4%EC%9B%94%EB%93%9C_%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%BC_%EB%AE%A4%EC%A7%81_%ED%8E%98%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B0%EB%B2%8C_36.jpg/220px-DJ_DOC_%40_Cyworld_Dream_Music_Festival_%EC%8B%B8%EC%9D%B4%EC%9B%94%EB%93%9C_%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%BC_%EB%AE%A4%EC%A7%81_%ED%8E%98%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B0%EB%B2%8C_36.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/DJ_DOC_%40_Cyworld_Dream_Music_Festival_%EC%8B%B8%EC%9D%B4%EC%9B%94%EB%93%9C_%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%BC_%EB%AE%A4%EC%A7%81_%ED%8E%98%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B0%EB%B2%8C_36.jpg/330px-DJ_DOC_%40_Cyworld_Dream_Music_Festival_%EC%8B%B8%EC%9D%B4%EC%9B%94%EB%93%9C_%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%BC_%EB%AE%A4%EC%A7%81_%ED%8E%98%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B0%EB%B2%8C_36.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/DJ_DOC_%40_Cyworld_Dream_Music_Festival_%EC%8B%B8%EC%9D%B4%EC%9B%94%EB%93%9C_%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%BC_%EB%AE%A4%EC%A7%81_%ED%8E%98%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B0%EB%B2%8C_36.jpg/440px-DJ_DOC_%40_Cyworld_Dream_Music_Festival_%EC%8B%B8%EC%9D%B4%EC%9B%94%EB%93%9C_%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%BC_%EB%AE%A4%EC%A7%81_%ED%8E%98%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B0%EB%B2%8C_36.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1365" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/DJ_DOC" title="DJ DOC">DJ DOC</a> performing at Cyworld Dream Music Festival in 2011</figcaption></figure> <p>The debut of <a href="/wiki/Seo_Taiji_and_Boys" title="Seo Taiji and Boys">Seo Taiji and Boys</a> in 1992 with the song, "Nan Arayo" (난 알아요, "<a href="/wiki/I_Know_(Seo_Taiji_and_Boys_song)" title="I Know (Seo Taiji and Boys song)">I Know</a>") marked a revolution in Korean popular music. The group incorporated American-style <a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip hop music">hip-hop</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues" title="Rhythm and blues">R&B</a> into their music, a move that was so influential that they are considered the originators of modern <a href="/wiki/K-pop" title="K-pop">K-pop</a>, and their explosive popularity paved the way for both pop and hip-hop artists in Korea.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other popular groups who helped spread hip-hop into the Korean mainstream in the early 1990s include <a href="/wiki/Deux_(band)" title="Deux (band)">Deux</a> and <a href="/wiki/DJ_DOC" title="DJ DOC">DJ DOC</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Late_1990s–2010s:_Growing_popularity_and_underground_development"><span id="Late_1990s.E2.80.932010s:_Growing_popularity_and_underground_development"></span>Late 1990s–2010s: Growing popularity and underground development</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Late 1990s–2010s: Growing popularity and underground development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Korean hip-hop scene grew considerably in the late 1990s and early 2000s due largely to a growing hip-hop club scene and the influence of the internet.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While K-pop groups continued to incorporate rap into their songs, this period also saw the emergence of pure hip-hop groups, notably <a href="/wiki/Drunken_Tiger" title="Drunken Tiger">Drunken Tiger</a>, "the first commercially successful true hip-hop group" in Korea.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The group's single, "Good Life" topped Korean charts in 2001, although the group was considered controversial due to the explicit nature of their songs.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> hip-hop duo <a href="/wiki/Jinusean" title="Jinusean">Jinusean</a>, who were signed to former <a href="/wiki/Seo_Taiji_and_Boys" title="Seo Taiji and Boys">Seo Taiji and Boys</a> member <a href="/wiki/Yang_Hyun-suk" title="Yang Hyun-suk">Yang Hyun-suk</a>'s new label <a href="/wiki/YG_Entertainment" title="YG Entertainment">YG Entertainment</a>, also found mainstream success during this period with their songs "Tell Me" and "A-Yo," among others.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2001, then-underground rapper <a href="/wiki/Verbal_Jint" title="Verbal Jint">Verbal Jint</a> released his first mini-album, <i>Modern Rhymes</i>, which introduced an innovation to Korean hip-hop: rhyming. Before this, Korean hip-hop lacked rhyming because it was seen as too difficult due to the grammatical structure of the <a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean language</a>. Verbal Jint's method for creating rhymes was widely adopted by other artists.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rap duo <a href="/wiki/Garion_(band)" title="Garion (band)">Garion</a> also made an impact on the underground Korean hip-hop community with their 2004 self-titled debut album, notable for being entirely in Korean.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>More Korean hip-hop artists experienced mainstream popularity and success in the 2000s and 2010s. <a href="/wiki/Dynamic_Duo_(South_Korean_duo)" title="Dynamic Duo (South Korean duo)">Dynamic Duo</a>'s 2004 album, <i><a href="/wiki/Taxi_Driver_(Dynamic_Duo_album)" title="Taxi Driver (Dynamic Duo album)">Taxi Driver</a>,</i> sold over half a million copies, making it the best-selling Korean hip-hop album ever at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Epik_High" title="Epik High">Epik High</a> topped music charts in both Korea and Japan in the mid-2000s and reached the #1 spot on the <a href="/wiki/Billboard_charts" title="Billboard charts">Billboard</a> World Albums Chart with their 2014 album, <i><a href="/wiki/Shoebox_(album)" title="Shoebox (album)">Shoebox</a>.</i><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rap duo <a href="/wiki/Leessang" title="Leessang">Leessang</a>'s album, <i><a href="/wiki/Asura_Balbalta" title="Asura Balbalta">Asura Balbalta</a></i>, topped Korean charts just one hour after it was released in 2011, with every song from the album simultaneously charting in the top ten on several real-time music charts.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010s–present:_Mainstream_popularity_with_Show_Me_the_Money_and_growth_of_independent_labels"><span id="2010s.E2.80.93present:_Mainstream_popularity_with_Show_Me_the_Money_and_growth_of_independent_labels"></span>2010s–present: Mainstream popularity with <i>Show Me the Money</i> and growth of independent labels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 2010s–present: Mainstream popularity with Show Me the Money and growth of independent labels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Korean hip-hop's profile was again heightened in 2012 with the debut of the TV reality series, <a href="/wiki/Show_Me_the_Money_(South_Korean_TV_series)" title="Show Me the Money (South Korean TV series)"><i>Show Me the Money</i></a>. The show, which features both underground and mainstream rappers, is credited with increasing the popularity of hip-hop in South Korea.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Viewer ratings for <i>SMTM</i> seasons 4,5 and 6 continued to exceed 2%, which is exceptionally high for a cable TV channel program. During August 2015, July 2016, August 2017 and October 2018 when <i>SMTM</i> was aired, hip-hop was the most popular genre in <a href="/wiki/Mnet_(TV_channel)" title="Mnet (TV channel)">Mnet</a> Top 100 Korean music chart.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>SMTM</i> worked as a publicity opportunity for previously unknown rappers such as <a href="/wiki/C_Jamm" title="C Jamm">C Jamm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black_Nut" title="Black Nut">Black Nut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bewhy" title="Bewhy">Bewhy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Woo_Won-jae" title="Woo Won-jae">Woo Won-jae</a>. In SMTM 11, Rapper <a href="/wiki/Lee_Young-ji" title="Lee Young-ji">Lee Young-ji</a> became the first female rapper to win the competition. </p><p>In August 2013, the Korean hip-hop scene became a ground for fierce diss battles.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Influenced by <a href="/wiki/Big_Sean" title="Big Sean">Big Sean</a>'s hip-hop track “<a href="/wiki/Control_(Big_Sean_song)" title="Control (Big Sean song)">Control</a>”, in which <a href="/wiki/Kendrick_Lamar" title="Kendrick Lamar">Kendrick Lamar</a>'s verse called out a handful of the new rappers in the U.S. music industry, Korean artists started sending disses in every direction with harsh lyrics. The “control diss war” began when Swings, the founder and member of Just Music, called out many other rappers by releasing his version of “Control” titled “King Swings” and “Hwang Jung-min (King Swings Part 2)".<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The flame flew in every direction and many rappers started dissing each other. One of the main events was when E-Sens, formerly of the hip-hop duo Supreme Team, released his single, “You Can't Control Me” to blatantly lash out at his former management company Amoeba Culture and former label mate Gaeko of <a href="/wiki/Dynamic_Duo_(South_Korean_duo)" title="Dynamic Duo (South Korean duo)">Dynamic Duo</a>. One day later, <a href="/wiki/Gaeko" title="Gaeko">Gaeko</a> responded to the rapper's challenge by releasing his track titled "I Can Control You". Eventually, more than 20 rappers including Simon Dominic, Ugly Duck, and Deep Flow participated in the “control diss war” before it ended within one week. </p><p>In 2015, <i>Unpretty Rapstar</i> aired as a spin-off of <i>Show Me the Money</i>. This music competition focused on female rappers including Season 1 runner-up Jessi, who the following year starred in <a href="/wiki/KBS_2TV" class="mw-redirect" title="KBS 2TV">KBS 2TV</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Sister%27s_Slam_Dunk" title="Sister's Slam Dunk">Sister's Slam Dunk</a></i>. It also featured Tymee who is known to be the fastest female rapper in Korea. In 2017, <i>High School Rapper</i> launched its first season and became a huge success, bringing many young amateur rappers to stardom. Many of the successful participants in <i>High School Rapper</i> signed with major hip-hop labels exemplified by <a href="/wiki/Haon_(rapper)" title="Haon (rapper)">Haon</a> of h1gher Music, <a href="/wiki/Ash_Island_(rapper)" title="Ash Island (rapper)">Ash Island</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ambition_Musik" title="Ambition Musik">Ambition Musik</a> and Young B of Indigo Music. <i>Unpretty Rapstar</i> and <i>High School Rapper</i> enabled hip-hop music to become one of the most popular music genres in Korea, especially among the younger generation. </p><p>In 2016, the <a href="/wiki/Korea_Foundation" title="Korea Foundation">Korea Foundation</a> cited Korean hip-hop as a new trend in the <a href="/wiki/Korean_wave" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean wave">Korean wave</a>, the term commonly used to refer to the recent spread of Korean pop culture throughout the world.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Starting in 2016, major hip-hop labels in South Korea started creating their sub-labels, mostly to nurture young hip-hop musicians also referred to as the fourth generation rappers. Illionaire Records established Ambition Musik in 2016 by signing 3 artists who gained popularity through <i>SMTM</i> (<a href="/wiki/Hash_Swan" title="Hash Swan">Hash Swan</a>, Keemhyoeun, ZENE THE ZILLA). Just Music followed up with its new label Indigo music, mostly bringing in teenage rappers who performed in <i>High School Rapper</i> season 1 including Osshun Gum, Young B, and Noel. Jay Park of <a href="/wiki/AOMG" title="AOMG">AOMG</a> founded H1GHR Music in joint with Seattle-based producer <a href="/wiki/Cha_Cha_Malone" title="Cha Cha Malone">Cha Cha Malone</a> and signed with young musicians such as Sik-K, Groovy Room and Haon.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As these hip-hop labels and sub-labels were getting bigger, they were continuously making their voices louder against the large K-pop agencies that have been dominating the Korean music industry since the 2000s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Foreign_relations">Foreign relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Foreign relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Localization">Localization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Localization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Korean hip-hop started from and was highly influenced by American hip-hop, yet evolved to have local characteristics as it adapted to the cultural context of Korean society. Since the 1990s, American hip-hop was brought into and spread through South Korea in several channels: tangible forms of music like cassette tapes and CDs from America to South Korea, individual bodies to/from America and within South Korea, and virtual communities of hip-hop listeners.<sup id="cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Korean Americans especially played a significant role in localizing American hip-hop with their English-speaking ability and access to American culture. <a href="/wiki/Tiger_JK" title="Tiger JK">Tiger JK</a> of <a href="/wiki/Drunken_Tiger" title="Drunken Tiger">Drunken Tiger</a> and his wife <a href="/wiki/Yoon_Mi-rae" title="Yoon Mi-rae">Yoon Mi-rae</a>, then a member of a Korean-American hip-hop/R&B group called Uptown, formed the Movement Crew, the influential hip-hop community that gave rise to groups like Dynamic Duo, Leessang, and Epik High, who collectively planted the localized hip-hop firmly in the mainstream pop music in South Korea.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.vulture.com/2019/01/a-brief-history-of-korean-hip-hop.html">[7]</a> In Korea today, American hip-hop and Korean hip-hop exist as separate categories in almost every music chart and sales: <i>oeguk hipap</i> meaning foreign hip-hop and <i>gungnae hipap</i> meaning domestic hip-hop. </p><p>There are parallels between Korean hip-hop and American hip-hop, in that they follow a lot of trends from American hip-hop while adding their own elements to them, creating their sound from sounds widely popularised from American music.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Globalization">Globalization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Globalization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since 2010, Korean hip-hop music started to gain international popularity. Epik High is credited as the first Korean hip-hop musician to succeed in the international market. In 2014, with their album <i>Shoebox</i>, Epik High reached the #1 spot on the <a href="/wiki/Billboard_charts" title="Billboard charts">Billboard</a> World Albums Chart. <a href="/wiki/Epik_High" title="Epik High">Epik High</a> also held a North American tour and played in U.S. music and film festival <a href="/wiki/South_by_Southwest" title="South by Southwest">SXSW</a> in 2015 before becoming the first major Korean group to play at U.S. music festival <a href="/wiki/Coachella_Valley_Music_and_Arts_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival">Coachella</a> in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Epik High became one of the most talked about artists with #EpikHigh as one of the most used hashtags at the festival. Tablo in an interview with NBC News explains why hip-hop and rap are resonating with a lot of people nowadays stating, “…rap is an art form that is very welcoming of youth culture and youth idea.”<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After finishing their contract with YG Entertainment in 2018, Epik High started another North American tour in 2019. </p><p>The interest in <i>SMTM</i> has also spread abroad, with rappers who participated in the show's fourth season performing in the United States in 2015. The show also held auditions for its fifth season in Los Angeles in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although critical questions were posed, SMTM started self-positioning itself as a “global hip-hop battle” since season 5. The popularity of <i>SMTM</i> led to other Korean hip-hop artists, including the rosters of popular record labels <a href="/wiki/Illionaire_Records" title="Illionaire Records">Illionaire Records</a>, <a href="/wiki/AOMG" title="AOMG">AOMG</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Amoeba_Culture" title="Amoeba Culture">Amoeba Culture</a>, to tour around the world. AOMG toured China and the United States in 2016, South East Asia in 2017, and North America and Europe in 2019. Amoeba Culture and Illionaire Records also toured the United States in 2015, 2016 and 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The incorporation of trap music in Korean hip-hop has become a major factor to its growing success overseas. Though less popular in his native South Korea, rapper <a href="/wiki/Keith_Ape" title="Keith Ape">Keith Ape</a> became a viral sensation in 2015 with his song, "It G Ma."<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The song is credited with helping expand Korean hip-hop's audience abroad.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has stated in a Complex interview, “It's important to me to be acknowledged by the birthplace of hip-hop culture and I'm thankful for everything that's happened. Many Western people who don't speak Korean now know the phrase ‘It G Ma’.” The following year, Eung Freestyle (응프리스타일) performed by <a href="/wiki/DPR_Live" title="DPR Live">DPR Live</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sik-K" title="Sik-K">Sik-K</a>, Punchnello, Owen Ovadoz, and <a href="/wiki/Flowsik" title="Flowsik">Flowsik</a> gained attention with the help of Youtube's Music's Ad Campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-Maher_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maher-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Korean hip-hop artists are continuously making a deliberate effort to expand their presence in the global market, especially in the North American Market. On July 20, 2017, <a href="/wiki/Jay_Park" title="Jay Park">Jay Park</a> officially became part of Jay-Z's record label <a href="/wiki/Roc_Nation" title="Roc Nation">Roc Nation</a>. He posted on his Instagram account stating, “This is a win for the Town, this is a win for Korea, this is a win for Asian Americans…”<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, MBC launched a new program titled <i>Target: Billboard – Kill Bill</i>. The show enlisted renowned hip-hop artists to compete for a chance to collaborate with DJ Khaled. In doing so, the program's ultimate goal is for Korean hip-hop artists to "kill the <i>Billboard</i>" charts.<sup id="cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While most artists label their music as “Korean hip-hop” in their lyrics or interviews; some musicians consciously move away from it by calling their music just “hip-hop.” Some artists confessed their discomfort in labeling their music as “Korean” hip-hop claiming that they would rather have their music be heard as hip-hop. These artists wanted their music to be placed within global hip-hop and alongside what is currently being produced in America. <a href="/wiki/Dok2" title="Dok2">Dok2</a>, one of the most recognized figures in the Korean hip-hop scene, once mentioned, "We are sharing a global trend. It is not a Korean musician copying an American song, but rather sharing a musical trend as one of the many hip-hop musicians in the world. I simply think of my music like this: Can I imagine this song being released in America and not just in Korea? Will people like it? Does it not drift away from the bigger picture? If we listen to it alongside what is topping the iTunes hip-hop chart, does it fit there? If I look at other Korean rappers’ music, it does not fit at all. Of course, there is a trend that is uniquely Korean, but that is <i>gayo</i>. That is K-pop and not hip-hop."<sup id="cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Non-musical_aspects">Non-musical aspects</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Non-musical aspects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="B-boying_scene">B-boying scene</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: B-boying scene"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yoon_Mi_Rae_and_Tiger_JK.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Yoon_Mi_Rae_and_Tiger_JK.jpg/220px-Yoon_Mi_Rae_and_Tiger_JK.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Yoon_Mi_Rae_and_Tiger_JK.jpg/330px-Yoon_Mi_Rae_and_Tiger_JK.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Yoon_Mi_Rae_and_Tiger_JK.jpg/440px-Yoon_Mi_Rae_and_Tiger_JK.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1728" data-file-height="1152" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Yoon_Mi-rae" title="Yoon Mi-rae">Yoon Mi-rae</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tiger_JK" title="Tiger JK">Tiger JK</a> performing at LG Electronics' CYON B-Boy Championship 2010 finals</figcaption></figure> <p>B-boying, also known as break dancing, was introduced to South Korea in the 1980s by dance clubs in the <a href="/wiki/Itaewon" title="Itaewon">Itaewon</a> neighborhood of <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>, which was frequented by U.S. military personnel and other foreigners.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are different opinions on what truly counts as the first group that started the trend of incorporating elements of break dance into korean music, but the earliest example is the group UCDC (United College Dance Club) formed by Lee Sung Moon. Dance crew called "Rhythm touch" was initially influential,as they were back dancers for singers <a href="/wiki/Insooni" title="Insooni">Insooni</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kim_Wan-sun" title="Kim Wan-sun">Kim Wan-sun</a>. In 1983, Lee also founded the breaking dance group "Spark", which is also cited as the first Korean breaking dance group.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the most famous venues these early dance groups learned thesr skills from was a club called Moonnight in Itaewon, which was originally a foreigners only club.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, it wasn't until 2001 that Korean b-boys received international recognition when the dance crew Visual Shock won "best show" and fourth place at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Year" title="Battle of the Year">Battle of the Year</a>, the biggest b-boy competition in the world. Korean crews went on to win either first or second place at the competition for the next several years.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2007, the <a href="/wiki/Korea_Tourism_Organization" title="Korea Tourism Organization">Korean Tourism Organization</a> founded an international b-boying competition called <a href="/wiki/R-16_Korea" title="R-16 Korea">R-16 Korea</a>. The event, which draws tens of thousands of spectators to Seoul each year, is also highly profitable for the South Korean government.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_86-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> South Korean hip-hop artists, including <a href="/wiki/Jay_Park" title="Jay Park">Jay Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yoon_Mi-rae" title="Yoon Mi-rae">Yoon Mi-rae</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Drunken_Tiger" title="Drunken Tiger">Drunken Tiger</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Tiger_JK" title="Tiger JK">Tiger JK</a>, have performed at R-16.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>B-boying has also experienced popularity in South Korean theater, including, notably, the musical, <i>Ballerina Who Loved a B-Boy</i>, which premiered in South Korea in 2005 with performances in other countries, including Singapore, Japan, China, Guam, Colombia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The show was still staged daily in South Korea as of 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fashion">Fashion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Fashion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fashion-wise, many South Korean youths prefer hip-hop taste. hip-hop urban wear or streetwear usually goes hand in hand with the K-hip-hop scene, now becoming mainstream. <a href="/wiki/YG_Entertainment" title="YG Entertainment">YG Entertainment</a>, one of the biggest hip-hop promoters in South Korea, does a few sponsorship deals in clothing. YG artist, <a href="/wiki/Jinusean" title="Jinusean">Jinusean</a>'s Sean started his own clothing company called MF (Majah Flavah).<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 28, 2012, YG agreed with Cheil Industries to launch their fashion brand catering not only to Korean teens but also to the global fashion market. The first NONAGON store opened in September and sold out within 3 days. YG artists <a href="/wiki/Bobby_(rapper)" title="Bobby (rapper)">Bobby</a> and <a href="/wiki/B.I_(rapper)" title="B.I (rapper)">B.I.</a> also promoted the brand by wearing the clothing to SMTM3.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_wave" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean wave">Korean wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-pop" title="K-pop">K-pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakdancing" title="Breakdancing">Breakdancing</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Show_Me_the_Money_(Mnet_TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Show Me the Money (Mnet TV series)">Show Me the Money</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Unpretty_Rapstar" title="Unpretty Rapstar">Unpretty Rapstar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/High_School_Rapper" title="High School Rapper">High School Rapper</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFUm2013" class="citation journal cs1">Um, Hae-Kyung (2013). "The poetics of resistance and the politics of crossing borders: Korean hip-hop and 'cultural reterritorialisation'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". <i>Popular Music</i>. <b>32</b>: 51–64. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fs0261143012000542">10.1017/s0261143012000542</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144204291">144204291</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Popular+Music&rft.atitle=The+poetics+of+resistance+and+the+politics+of+crossing+borders%3A+Korean+hip-hop+and+%27cultural+reterritorialisation%27&rft.volume=32&rft.pages=51-64&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fs0261143012000542&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144204291%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Um&rft.aufirst=Hae-Kyung&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://seoulbeats.com/2014/02/hip-hop-dont-stop/">"Hippity Hop And You Don't Stop: Korea's Hip-Hop Link to the US"</a>. <i>Seoul Beats</i>. 2014-02-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Seoul+Beats&rft.atitle=Hippity+Hop+And+You+Don%27t+Stop%3A+Korea%27s+Hip-Hop+Link+to+the+US&rft.date=2014-02-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fseoulbeats.com%2F2014%2F02%2Fhip-hop-dont-stop%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaher2015" class="citation web cs1">Maher, Daniel Milroy (2015-03-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160428020503/http://uk.complex.com/music/2015/03/the-rise-of-south-korean-hip-hop-keith-ape-interview">"The Rise Of South Korean Underground Hip-Hop"</a>. <i>Complex UK</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.complex.com/music/2015/03/the-rise-of-south-korean-hip-hop-keith-ape-interview">the original</a> on 2016-04-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Complex+UK&rft.atitle=The+Rise+Of+South+Korean+Underground+Hip-Hop&rft.date=2015-03-02&rft.aulast=Maher&rft.aufirst=Daniel+Milroy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.complex.com%2Fmusic%2F2015%2F03%2Fthe-rise-of-south-korean-hip-hop-keith-ape-interview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:5_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBai2016" class="citation web cs1">Bai, Stephany (2016-01-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/south-korean-rap-competition-series-hold-auditions-u-s-n506161">"South Korean Rap Competition Series to Hold Auditions in U.S."</a> <i>NBC News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=South+Korean+Rap+Competition+Series+to+Hold+Auditions+in+U.S.&rft.date=2016-01-28&rft.aulast=Bai&rft.aufirst=Stephany&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Fasian-america%2Fsouth-korean-rap-competition-series-hold-auditions-u-s-n506161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee2015" class="citation web cs1">Lee, Madeleine (2015-12-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://noisey.vice.com/blog/2015-the-year-korean-rap-broke">"2015 Was Korean Rap's Breakthrough Year"</a>. <i>NOISEY</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NOISEY&rft.atitle=2015+Was+Korean+Rap%27s+Breakthrough+Year&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Madeleine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnoisey.vice.com%2Fblog%2F2015-the-year-korean-rap-broke&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee2011" class="citation web cs1">Lee, Hyo-won (2011-07-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://travel.cnn.com/seoul/play/ruthless-koreans-sweep-b-boy-tournament-716113/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Ruthless' Koreans sweep B-Boy tournament"</a>. <i>CNN Travel</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN+Travel&rft.atitle=%27Ruthless%27+Koreans+sweep+B-Boy+tournament&rft.date=2011-07-04&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Hyo-won&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftravel.cnn.com%2Fseoul%2Fplay%2Fruthless-koreans-sweep-b-boy-tournament-716113%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUsher2011" class="citation news cs1">Usher, Charles (2011-07-05). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Asia-Pacific/2011/0705/South-Korea-World-breakdancing-capital">"South Korea: World breakdancing capital?"</a>. <i>Christian Science Monitor</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0882-7729">0882-7729</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Christian+Science+Monitor&rft.atitle=South+Korea%3A+World+breakdancing+capital%3F&rft.date=2011-07-05&rft.issn=0882-7729&rft.aulast=Usher&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2FWorld%2FAsia-Pacific%2F2011%2F0705%2FSouth-Korea-World-breakdancing-capital&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Song,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986_8-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSong,_Myŏng-sŏn,_1986-2019" class="citation book cs1">Song, Myŏng-sŏn, 1986- (2019). <i>Hanguk hip hop global rap in South Korea</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783030156978" title="Special:BookSources/9783030156978"><bdi>9783030156978</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1101032471">1101032471</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hanguk+hip+hop+global+rap+in+South+Korea&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1101032471&rft.isbn=9783030156978&rft.au=Song%2C+My%C5%8Fng-s%C5%8Fn%2C+1986-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHareBaker2017" class="citation journal cs1">Hare, Sarah; Baker, Andrea (April 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2158244017710294">"Keepin' It Real: Authenticity, Commercialization, and the Media in Korean Hip Hop"</a>. <i>SAGE Open</i>. <b>7</b> (2): 215824401771029. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2158244017710294">10.1177/2158244017710294</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2158-2440">2158-2440</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAGE+Open&rft.atitle=Keepin%27+It+Real%3A+Authenticity%2C+Commercialization%2C+and+the+Media+in+Korean+Hip+Hop&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=215824401771029&rft.date=2017-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F2158244017710294&rft.issn=2158-2440&rft.aulast=Hare&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft.au=Baker%2C+Andrea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1177%252F2158244017710294&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPark2016" class="citation journal cs1">Park, Jonghyun (2016). "Study on Korean Rap Artists and Their Linguistic Struggle and Practices in Rhyming". <i>Linguistic Anthropology</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Linguistic+Anthropology&rft.atitle=Study+on+Korean+Rap+Artists+and+Their+Linguistic+Struggle+and+Practices+in+Rhyming&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Jonghyun&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190610043233/http://www.khiphopkvr.com/en/chapter-1-once-upon-a-time-on-the-korean-urban-scene/">"Chapter 1: Once Upon a Time on the Korean Urban Scene"</a>. 11 December 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.khiphopkvr.com/en/chapter-1-once-upon-a-time-on-the-korean-urban-scene/">the original</a> on 10 June 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chapter+1%3A+Once+Upon+a+Time+on+the+Korean+Urban+Scene&rft.date=2018-12-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.khiphopkvr.com%2Fen%2Fchapter-1-once-upon-a-time-on-the-korean-urban-scene%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUm2013" class="citation journal cs1">Um, Hae-Kyung (January 2013). "The poetics of resistance and the politics of crossing borders: Korean hip-hop and 'cultural reterritorialisation'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". <i>Popular Music</i>. <b>32</b> (1): 51–64. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0261143012000542">10.1017/S0261143012000542</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-1430">0261-1430</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144204291">144204291</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Popular+Music&rft.atitle=The+poetics+of+resistance+and+the+politics+of+crossing+borders%3A+Korean+hip-hop+and+%27cultural+reterritorialisation%27&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=51-64&rft.date=2013-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144204291%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0261-1430&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0261143012000542&rft.aulast=Um&rft.aufirst=Hae-Kyung&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190620090141/http://onair.mnet.com/smtm777">"Smtm777"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://onair.mnet.com/smtm777">the original</a> on 2019-06-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-06-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Smtm777&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fonair.mnet.com%2Fsmtm777&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190616115540/http://mnettv.interest.me/unprettyrapstar3/main">"UNPRETTY RAPSTAR vol.3"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mnettv.interest.me/unprettyrapstar3/main">the original</a> on 2019-06-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-06-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UNPRETTY+RAPSTAR+vol.3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmnettv.interest.me%2Funprettyrapstar3%2Fmain&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190615014159/http://onair.mnet.com/schoolrapper3">"10대들의 힙합전쟁 <고등래퍼3>"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://onair.mnet.com/schoolrapper3">the original</a> on 2019-06-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-06-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=10%EB%8C%80%EB%93%A4%EC%9D%98+%ED%9E%99%ED%95%A9%EC%A0%84%EC%9F%81+%3C%EA%B3%A0%EB%93%B1%EB%9E%98%ED%8D%BC3%3E&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fonair.mnet.com%2Fschoolrapper3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaher2015" class="citation web cs1">Maher, D.M. (2015-03-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160428020503/http://uk.complex.com/music/2015/03/the-rise-of-south-korean-hip-hop-keith-ape-interview">"The Rise of South Korean Hip Hop"</a>. <i>UK Complex</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.complex.com/music/2015/03/the-rise-of-south-korean-hip-hop-keith-ape-interview">the original</a> on 2016-04-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UK+Complex&rft.atitle=The+Rise+of+South+Korean+Hip+Hop&rft.date=2015-03-02&rft.aulast=Maher&rft.aufirst=D.M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.complex.com%2Fmusic%2F2015%2F03%2Fthe-rise-of-south-korean-hip-hop-keith-ape-interview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This ref was deleted Special:Diff/901583758 by a bug in VisualEditor and later restored by a bot from the original cite located at Special:Permalink/895221595 cite #44 - verify the site is accurate and delete this template. User:GreenC bot/Job 18 (September 2019)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hiphople.com/interview/4292672">"[인터뷰] 딥플로우 (Deepflow)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%26%2391%3B%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%EB%B7%B0%26%2393%3B+%EB%94%A5%ED%94%8C%EB%A1%9C%EC%9A%B0+%28Deepflow%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhiphople.com%2Finterview%2F4292672&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.joins.com/article/23176608">"조인스프라임 종료 안내"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%A1%B0%EC%9D%B8%EC%8A%A4%ED%94%84%EB%9D%BC%EC%9E%84+%EC%A2%85%EB%A3%8C+%EC%95%88%EB%82%B4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.joins.com%2Farticle%2F23176608&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adage.com/article/global-news/marketing-s-wave-korean-pop-star/235287">"Marketing's Next Wave: The Korean Pop Star"</a>. 11 June 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Marketing%27s+Next+Wave%3A+The+Korean+Pop+Star&rft.date=2012-06-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fadage.com%2Farticle%2Fglobal-news%2Fmarketing-s-wave-korean-pop-star%2F235287&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vice.com/en_in/article/ywkx4m/hip-hop-dont-stop-korean-style">"Hip-Hop Don't Stop, Korean Style"</a>. 10 August 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hip-Hop+Don%27t+Stop%2C+Korean+Style&rft.date=2018-08-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vice.com%2Fen_in%2Farticle%2Fywkx4m%2Fhip-hop-dont-stop-korean-style&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFuhr2015" class="citation book cs1">Fuhr, Michael (2015-06-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=l1DeCQAAQBAJ"><i>Globalization and Popular Music in South Korea: Sounding Out K-Pop</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781317556916" title="Special:BookSources/9781317556916"><bdi>9781317556916</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Globalization+and+Popular+Music+in+South+Korea%3A+Sounding+Out+K-Pop&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2015-06-12&rft.isbn=9781317556916&rft.aulast=Fuhr&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dl1DeCQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee2015" class="citation web cs1">Lee, Madeleine (2015-12-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://noisey.vice.com/blog/2015-the-year-korean-rap-broke">"2015 Was Korean Rap's Breakthrough Year"</a>. <i>NOISEY</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NOISEY&rft.atitle=2015+Was+Korean+Rap%27s+Breakthrough+Year&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Madeleine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnoisey.vice.com%2Fblog%2F2015-the-year-korean-rap-broke&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This ref was deleted Special:Diff/901583758 by a bug in VisualEditor and later restored by a bot from the original cite located at Special:Permalink/895221595 cite #5 - verify the cite is accurate and delete this template. User:GreenC bot/Job 18 (September 2019)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2014/08/01/2014080101627.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'쇼미더머니3' 올티 아이돌 래퍼 디스…바비-비아이 반격 "내 회사보다 돈이 많든가"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. 26 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27%EC%87%BC%EB%AF%B8%EB%8D%94%EB%A8%B8%EB%8B%883%27+%EC%98%AC%ED%8B%B0+%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4%EB%8F%8C+%EB%9E%98%ED%8D%BC+%EB%94%94%EC%8A%A4%E2%80%A6%EB%B0%94%EB%B9%84-%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4+%EB%B0%98%EA%B2%A9+%22%EB%82%B4+%ED%9A%8C%EC%82%AC%EB%B3%B4%EB%8B%A4+%EB%8F%88%EC%9D%B4+%EB%A7%8E%EB%93%A0%EA%B0%80%22&rft.date=2020-07-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.chosun.com%2Fsite%2Fdata%2Fhtml_dir%2F2014%2F08%2F01%2F2014080101627.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=evfNBEeChek"><i>(ENG) B-Free Disses BTS 방탄소년단 디스하는 비프리</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-05-02</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%28ENG%29+B-Free+Disses+BTS+%EB%B0%A9%ED%83%84%EC%86%8C%EB%85%84%EB%8B%A8+%EB%94%94%EC%8A%A4%ED%95%98%EB%8A%94+%EB%B9%84%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DevfNBEeChek&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJinkerson2015" class="citation web cs1">Jinkerson, Lauren (2015-02-27). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dramafever.com/news/9-amazing-k-pophip-hop-collaborations-youll-want-on-your-playlist/">"9 Amazing K-pop/hip hop collaborations you'll want on your playlist"</a>. <i>DramaFever News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DramaFever+News&rft.atitle=9+Amazing+K-pop%2Fhip+hop+collaborations+you%27ll+want+on+your+playlist&rft.date=2015-02-27&rft.aulast=Jinkerson&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dramafever.com%2Fnews%2F9-amazing-k-pophip-hop-collaborations-youll-want-on-your-playlist%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged July 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.soompi.com/2015/02/20/7-must-listen-k-pophip-hop-collaborations-from-2014/">"7 Must-Listen K-Pop/Hip-Hop Collaborations from 2014"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Soompi" title="Soompi">Soompi</a></i>. 2015-02-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Soompi&rft.atitle=7+Must-Listen+K-Pop%2FHip-Hop+Collaborations+from+2014&rft.date=2015-02-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.soompi.com%2F2015%2F02%2F20%2F7-must-listen-k-pophip-hop-collaborations-from-2014%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://korcan50years.com/2014/03/04/is-it-pop-is-it-hip-hop-k-pop-and-the-urban-collaboration-trend/">"Is it pop? Is it hip-hop? K-POP and the Urban Collaboration Trend"</a>. <i>Korea-Canada Blog</i>. 2014-03-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Korea-Canada+Blog&rft.atitle=Is+it+pop%3F+Is+it+hip-hop%3F+K-POP+and+the+Urban+Collaboration+Trend&rft.date=2014-03-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkorcan50years.com%2F2014%2F03%2F04%2Fis-it-pop-is-it-hip-hop-k-pop-and-the-urban-collaboration-trend%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenjamin2014" class="citation magazine cs1">Benjamin, Jeff (2014-03-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/5937629/k-pop-hot-100-soyu-junggigos-some-earns-2014s-longest-running-no-1">"K-Pop Hot 100: Soyu & Junggigo's 'Some' Earns 2014's Longest-Running No. 1"</a>. <i>Billboard</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=K-Pop+Hot+100%3A+Soyu+%26+Junggigo%27s+%27Some%27+Earns+2014%27s+Longest-Running+No.+1&rft.date=2014-03-17&rft.aulast=Benjamin&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fcolumns%2Fk-town%2F5937629%2Fk-pop-hot-100-soyu-junggigos-some-earns-2014s-longest-running-no-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allkpop.com/article/2014/06/san-e-and-raina-achieve-an-all-kill-with-a-midsummer-nights-sweetness">"San E and Raina achieve an all-kill with 'A Midsummer Night's Sweetness'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Allkpop" title="Allkpop">Allkpop</a></i>. 2014-06-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Allkpop&rft.atitle=San+E+and+Raina+achieve+an+all-kill+with+%27A+Midsummer+Night%27s+Sweetness%27&rft.date=2014-06-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allkpop.com%2Farticle%2F2014%2F06%2Fsan-e-and-raina-achieve-an-all-kill-with-a-midsummer-nights-sweetness&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allkpop.com/article/2014/02/winners-from-the-3rd-gaon-chart-kpop-awards">"Winners from 'The 3rd GAON Chart Kpop Awards'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Allkpop" title="Allkpop">Allkpop</a></i>. 2014-02-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Allkpop&rft.atitle=Winners+from+%27The+3rd+GAON+Chart+Kpop+Awards%27&rft.date=2014-02-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allkpop.com%2Farticle%2F2014%2F02%2Fwinners-from-the-3rd-gaon-chart-kpop-awards&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.koreaboo.com/news/schools-raina-captures-fans-attention-stunning-figure-thank-speech-san-e/">"After School's Raina captures fans attention with stunning figure + thank you speech by San E"</a>. <i>Koreaboo</i>. 2014-11-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Koreaboo&rft.atitle=After+School%27s+Raina+captures+fans+attention+with+stunning+figure+%2B+thank+you+speech+by+San+E&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.koreaboo.com%2Fnews%2Fschools-raina-captures-fans-attention-stunning-figure-thank-speech-san-e%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kpopstarz.com/articles/167482/20150124/after-school-reina-flower-like-beauty-thank-you-for-the-great-award.htm">"After School's Raina, Flower-Like Beauty "Thank You For The Great Award"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>KpopStarz</i>. 2015-01-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KpopStarz&rft.atitle=After+School%27s+Raina%2C+Flower-Like+Beauty+%22Thank+You+For+The+Great+Award%22&rft.date=2015-01-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kpopstarz.com%2Farticles%2F167482%2F20150124%2Fafter-school-reina-flower-like-beauty-thank-you-for-the-great-award.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.soompi.com/2015/10/06/taeyeon-tops-itunes-charts-in-12-countries-tops-all-8-major-korean-music-charts-with-i/">"Taeyeon Tops iTunes Charts in 12 Countries, Tops All 8 Major Korean Music Charts With "I"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Soompi" title="Soompi">Soompi</a></i>. 2015-10-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Soompi&rft.atitle=Taeyeon+Tops+iTunes+Charts+in+12+Countries%2C+Tops+All+8+Major+Korean+Music+Charts+With+%22I%22&rft.date=2015-10-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.soompi.com%2F2015%2F10%2F06%2Ftaeyeon-tops-itunes-charts-in-12-countries-tops-all-8-major-korean-music-charts-with-i%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim2011" class="citation web cs1">Kim, Chan-Hee (Winter 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.yonsei.ac.kr/bk21/situations5/Chanhee_kim.pdf">"The Cultural Identity of Itaewon"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Cultural+Identity+of+Itaewon&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Chan-Hee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.yonsei.ac.kr%2Fbk21%2Fsituations5%2FChanhee_kim.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDanico2014" class="citation book cs1">Danico, Mary Yu (2014-08-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gZleBAAAQBAJ&q=korean+hip+hop+seoul+1988&pg=PA616"><i>Asian American Society: An Encyclopedia</i></a>. SAGE Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781452281896" title="Special:BookSources/9781452281896"><bdi>9781452281896</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Asian+American+Society%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=SAGE+Publications&rft.date=2014-08-19&rft.isbn=9781452281896&rft.aulast=Danico&rft.aufirst=Mary+Yu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgZleBAAAQBAJ%26q%3Dkorean%2Bhip%2Bhop%2Bseoul%2B1988%26pg%3DPA616&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEperjesi2012" class="citation web cs1">Eperjesi, John R. (2012-03-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/john-r-eperjesi/korean-beat-attitudes-rai_b_1322993.html">"Korean Beat Attitudes: Rainhat Poet and Ko Un"</a>. <i>The Huffington Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=Korean+Beat+Attitudes%3A+Rainhat+Poet+and+Ko+Un&rft.date=2012-03-07&rft.aulast=Eperjesi&rft.aufirst=John+R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fjohn-r-eperjesi%2Fkorean-beat-attitudes-rai_b_1322993.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDillow1993" class="citation news cs1">Dillow, Gordon (1993-05-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-05-09-me-33452-story.html">"Rap's Seoul Brother : Dance Transcended All Language Barriers for Korean Music Star"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0458-3035">0458-3035</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Rap%27s+Seoul+Brother+%3A+Dance+Transcended+All+Language+Barriers+for+Korean+Music+Star&rft.date=1993-05-09&rft.issn=0458-3035&rft.aulast=Dillow&rft.aufirst=Gordon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1993-05-09-me-33452-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCha2013" class="citation web cs1">Cha, Yo-rim (2013-08-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20130823000551">"Hyun Jin-young to release first new track in 6 years"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Korea_Herald" title="The Korea Herald">The Korea Herald</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Korea+Herald&rft.atitle=Hyun+Jin-young+to+release+first+new+track+in+6+years&rft.date=2013-08-23&rft.aulast=Cha&rft.aufirst=Yo-rim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.koreaherald.com%2Fview.php%3Fud%3D20130823000551&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/5638224/the-root-of-k-pop-the-influences-of-todays-biggest-acts">"The Root of K-Pop: The Influences of Today's Biggest Acts"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. 2013-08-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=The+Root+of+K-Pop%3A+The+Influences+of+Today%27s+Biggest+Acts&rft.date=2013-08-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fcolumns%2Fk-town%2F5638224%2Fthe-root-of-k-pop-the-influences-of-todays-biggest-acts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allkpop.com/article/2012/06/way-back-wednesday-originators-of-swag-in-k-pop-deux">"Way Back Wednesday : Originators of Swag in K-pop, Deux"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Allkpop" title="Allkpop">Allkpop</a></i>. 2012-06-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Allkpop&rft.atitle=Way+Back+Wednesday+%3A+Originators+of+Swag+in+K-pop%2C+Deux&rft.date=2012-06-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allkpop.com%2Farticle%2F2012%2F06%2Fway-back-wednesday-originators-of-swag-in-k-pop-deux&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allkpop.com/article/2012/04/way-back-wednesday-the-original-bad-boys-of-k-pop-dj-doc">"Way Back Wednesday : The Original Bad Boys of K-Pop "DJ DOC"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Allkpop" title="Allkpop">Allkpop</a></i>. 2012-04-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Allkpop&rft.atitle=Way+Back+Wednesday+%3A+The+Original+Bad+Boys+of+K-Pop+%22DJ+DOC%22&rft.date=2012-04-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allkpop.com%2Farticle%2F2012%2F04%2Fway-back-wednesday-the-original-bad-boys-of-k-pop-dj-doc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160514164113/http://beyondhallyu.com/k-pop/keeping-real-authentic-korean-hip-hop/">"Keeping it real: What is authentic about Korean hip hop?"</a>. <i>Beyond Hallyu</i>. 2015-02-04. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://beyondhallyu.com/k-pop/keeping-real-authentic-korean-hip-hop/">the original</a> on 2016-05-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Beyond+Hallyu&rft.atitle=Keeping+it+real%3A+What+is+authentic+about+Korean+hip+hop%3F&rft.date=2015-02-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbeyondhallyu.com%2Fk-pop%2Fkeeping-real-authentic-korean-hip-hop%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFForrest2000" class="citation news cs1">Forrest, Brett (November 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t_SxSP63d7cC&q=spin%20tiger%20jk&pg=PA154">"Silence Makes The Beast Grow Stronger"</a>. <i>SPIN Magazine</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SPIN+Magazine&rft.atitle=Silence+Makes+The+Beast+Grow+Stronger&rft.date=2000-11&rft.aulast=Forrest&rft.aufirst=Brett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dt_SxSP63d7cC%26q%3Dspin%2520tiger%2520jk%26pg%3DPA154&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHa2014" class="citation web cs1">Ha, Julie (2014-01-31). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150912132924/http://iamkoream.com/january-cover-story-koreas-hip-hop-legend-tiger-jk-is-a-rebel-with-a-cause/">"Korea's Hip-Hop Legend Tiger JK is a Rebel with a Cause"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/KoreAm" title="KoreAm">KoreAm</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iamkoream.com/january-cover-story-koreas-hip-hop-legend-tiger-jk-is-a-rebel-with-a-cause/">the original</a> on 2015-09-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KoreAm&rft.atitle=Korea%27s+Hip-Hop+Legend+Tiger+JK+is+a+Rebel+with+a+Cause&rft.date=2014-01-31&rft.aulast=Ha&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fiamkoream.com%2Fjanuary-cover-story-koreas-hip-hop-legend-tiger-jk-is-a-rebel-with-a-cause%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allkpop.com/article/2012/02/way-back-wednesday-jinusean">"Way Back Wednesday: Jinusean"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Allkpop" title="Allkpop">Allkpop</a></i>. 2012-02-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Allkpop&rft.atitle=Way+Back+Wednesday%3A+Jinusean&rft.date=2012-02-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allkpop.com%2Farticle%2F2012%2F02%2Fway-back-wednesday-jinusean&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201504151422124599476_2">"Jinusean tops music charts with 'Tell Me One More Time'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Korea_Herald" title="The Korea Herald">The Korea Herald</a></i>. 2015-04-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Korea+Herald&rft.atitle=Jinusean+tops+music+charts+with+%27Tell+Me+One+More+Time%27&rft.date=2015-04-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkpopherald.koreaherald.com%2Fview.php%3Fud%3D201504151422124599476_2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xxlmag.com/rap-music/2013/02/15-korean-rappers-you-should-know-thats-not-psy/10/">"15 Korean Rappers You Should Know That Aren't Psy"</a>. <i>XXL Magazine</i>. 2013-02-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=XXL+Magazine&rft.atitle=15+Korean+Rappers+You+Should+Know+That+Aren%27t+Psy&rft.date=2013-02-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.xxlmag.com%2Frap-music%2F2013%2F02%2F15-korean-rappers-you-should-know-thats-not-psy%2F10%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim2012" class="citation news cs1">Kim, Hyo Jeong (2012-08-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jejuweekly.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=2757">"The man who made Korean hip-hop history"</a>. <i>Jeju Weekly</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jeju+Weekly&rft.atitle=The+man+who+made+Korean+hip-hop+history&rft.date=2012-08-16&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Hyo+Jeong&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jejuweekly.com%2Fnews%2FarticleView.html%3Fidxno%3D2757&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNoh2012" class="citation web cs1">Noh, Hyun-gi (2012-01-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2014/01/143_103346.html">"Verbal Jint emerges from underground"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Korea_Times" title="The Korea Times">The Korea Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Korea+Times&rft.atitle=Verbal+Jint+emerges+from+underground&rft.date=2012-01-24&rft.aulast=Noh&rft.aufirst=Hyun-gi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.koreatimes.co.kr%2Fwww%2Fnews%2Fculture%2F2014%2F01%2F143_103346.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSurh2010" class="citation web cs1">Surh, Jung-min (2010-11-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_entertainment/447134.html">"Garion rises in hip-hop scene"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hankyoreh" title="The Hankyoreh">The Hankyoreh</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hankyoreh&rft.atitle=Garion+rises+in+hip-hop+scene&rft.date=2010-11-04&rft.aulast=Surh&rft.aufirst=Jung-min&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.hani.co.kr%2Farti%2Fenglish_edition%2Fe_entertainment%2F447134.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHan2015" class="citation web cs1">Han, Brian (2015-11-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.koreatimesus.com/s-koreas-hip-hop-stars-dok2-and-company-reveal-roots-to-la/">"S. Korea's hip hop stars Dok2 and company reveal roots to LA"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Korea_Times" title="The Korea Times">The Korea Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Korea+Times&rft.atitle=S.+Korea%27s+hip+hop+stars+Dok2+and+company+reveal+roots+to+LA&rft.date=2015-11-18&rft.aulast=Han&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.koreatimesus.com%2Fs-koreas-hip-hop-stars-dok2-and-company-reveal-roots-to-la%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/people/2013/08/178_53472.html">"Dynamic Duo Members Start Military Service"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Korea_Times" title="The Korea Times">The Korea Times</a></i>. 2009-10-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Korea+Times&rft.atitle=Dynamic+Duo+Members+Start+Military+Service&rft.date=2009-10-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.koreatimes.co.kr%2Fwww%2Fnews%2Fpeople%2F2013%2F08%2F178_53472.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHa2014" class="citation web cs1">Ha, Ji-won (2014-07-11). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20140711000784">"Dynamic Duo to release collaboration EP with DJ Premier"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Korea_Herald" title="The Korea Herald">The Korea Herald</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Korea+Herald&rft.atitle=Dynamic+Duo+to+release+collaboration+EP+with+DJ+Premier&rft.date=2014-07-11&rft.aulast=Ha&rft.aufirst=Ji-won&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.koreaherald.com%2Fview.php%3Fud%3D20140711000784&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim2014" class="citation web cs1">Kim, Ji-soo (2014-11-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2014/11/386_167386.html">"Epik High ponders secrets of success"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Korea_Times" title="The Korea Times">The Korea Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Korea+Times&rft.atitle=Epik+High+ponders+secrets+of+success&rft.date=2014-11-02&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Ji-soo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.koreatimes.co.kr%2Fwww%2Fnews%2Fculture%2F2014%2F11%2F386_167386.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee2015" class="citation web cs1">Lee, Madeleine (2015-05-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://noisey.vice.com/blog/the-noisey-guide-to-epik-high">"The Noisey Guide to Korean Rap Pioneers Epik High"</a>. <i>NOISEY</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NOISEY&rft.atitle=The+Noisey+Guide+to+Korean+Rap+Pioneers+Epik+High&rft.date=2015-05-22&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Madeleine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnoisey.vice.com%2Fblog%2Fthe-noisey-guide-to-epik-high&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenjamin2014" class="citation magazine cs1">Benjamin, Jeff (2014-11-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/6304084/epik-high-number-1-world-albums-shoebox">"Epik High Notches First No. 1 on World Albums With 'Shoebox'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Billboard</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Epik+High+Notches+First+No.+1+on+World+Albums+With+%27Shoebox%27&rft.date=2014-11-03&rft.aulast=Benjamin&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fcolumns%2Fk-town%2F6304084%2Fepik-high-number-1-world-albums-shoebox&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allkpop.com/article/2011/08/leessangs-7th-album-asura-balbalta-achieves-a-perfect-all-kill">"Leessang's 7th album, 'AsuRA BalBalTa', achieves a perfect all-kill"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Allkpop" title="Allkpop">Allkpop</a></i>. 2011-08-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Allkpop&rft.atitle=Leessang%27s+7th+album%2C+%27AsuRA+BalBalTa%27%2C+achieves+a+perfect+all-kill&rft.date=2011-08-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allkpop.com%2Farticle%2F2011%2F08%2Fleessangs-7th-album-asura-balbalta-achieves-a-perfect-all-kill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBai2016" class="citation web cs1">Bai, Stephany (2016-01-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/south-korean-rap-competition-series-hold-auditions-u-s-n506161">"South Korean Rap Competition Series to Hold Auditions in U.S."</a> <i>NBC News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=South+Korean+Rap+Competition+Series+to+Hold+Auditions+in+U.S.&rft.date=2016-01-28&rft.aulast=Bai&rft.aufirst=Stephany&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Fasian-america%2Fsouth-korean-rap-competition-series-hold-auditions-u-s-n506161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This ref was deleted Special:Diff/901583758 by a bug in VisualEditor and later restored by a bot from the original cite located at Special:Permalink/895221595 cite #4 - verify the cite is accurate and delete this template. User:GreenC bot/Job 18 (September 2019)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee2016" class="citation web cs1">Lee, Woo-young (2016-04-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20160412000578">"Han Dong-chul, mastermind of Korean hip-hop boom"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Korea_Herald" title="The Korea Herald">The Korea Herald</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Korea+Herald&rft.atitle=Han+Dong-chul%2C+mastermind+of+Korean+hip-hop+boom&rft.date=2016-04-12&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Woo-young&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.koreaherald.com%2Fview.php%3Fud%3D20160412000578&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This ref was deleted Special:Diff/901583758 by a bug in VisualEditor and later restored by a bot from the original cite located at Special:Permalink/895221595 cite #6 - verify the cite is accurate and delete this template. User:GreenC bot/Job 18 (September 2019)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHicap2016" class="citation web cs1">Hicap, Jonathan M. (2016-02-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mb.com.ph/exclusive-hip-hop-getting-more-popular-in-korea-san-e/">"Hip hop getting more popular in Korea – San E"</a>. <i>The Manila Bulletin</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Hip+hop+getting+more+popular+in+Korea+%E2%80%93+San+E&rft.date=2016-02-13&rft.aulast=Hicap&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mb.com.ph%2Fexclusive-hip-hop-getting-more-popular-in-korea-san-e%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This ref was deleted Special:Diff/901583758 by a bug in VisualEditor and later restored by a bot from the original cite located at Special:Permalink/895221595 cite #34 - verify the cite is accurate and delete this template. User:GreenC bot/Job 18 (September 2019)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee2019" class="citation journal cs1">Lee, JooYun (February 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dbpia.co.kr/journal/articleDetail?nodeId=NODE07627234">"A Study on the Cultural and Social aspects of Hip-hop in Korean Pop Music"</a>. <i>Culture and Convergence</i>. <b>41</b> (1): 825–848. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.33645%2Fcnc.2019.02.41.1.825">10.33645/cnc.2019.02.41.1.825</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:224409420">224409420</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Culture+and+Convergence&rft.atitle=A+Study+on+the+Cultural+and+Social+aspects+of+Hip-hop+in+Korean+Pop+Music&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=825-848&rft.date=2019-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.33645%2Fcnc.2019.02.41.1.825&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A224409420%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=JooYun&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dbpia.co.kr%2Fjournal%2FarticleDetail%3FnodeId%3DNODE07627234&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.soompi.com/article/523109wpp/a-concise-guide-to-the-diss-battles-involving-e-sens-amoeba-culture-simon-d-and-more">"A Concise Guide to the "Diss" Battles Involving E-Sens, Amoeba Culture, Simon D and More"</a>. 26 August 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Concise+Guide+to+the+%22Diss%22+Battles+Involving+E-Sens%2C+Amoeba+Culture%2C+Simon+D+and+More&rft.date=2013-08-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.soompi.com%2Farticle%2F523109wpp%2Fa-concise-guide-to-the-diss-battles-involving-e-sens-amoeba-culture-simon-d-and-more&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allkpop.com/article/2017/09/6-korean-rap-diss-wars-that-brought-the-heat">"6 Korean Rap Diss Wars That Brought the Heat"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Allkpop" title="Allkpop">Allkpop</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Allkpop&rft.atitle=6+Korean+Rap+Diss+Wars+That+Brought+the+Heat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allkpop.com%2Farticle%2F2017%2F09%2F6-korean-rap-diss-wars-that-brought-the-heat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20130826000852">"Hip-hop world caught up in a cutthroat 'diss war'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. 26 August 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hip-hop+world+caught+up+in+a+cutthroat+%27diss+war%27&rft.date=2013-08-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.koreaherald.com%2Fview.php%3Fud%3D20130826000852&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee2016" class="citation web cs1">Lee, Woo-young (2016-04-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20160412000578">"Han Dong-chul, mastermind of Korean hip-hop boom"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Korea_Herald" title="The Korea Herald">The Korea Herald</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Korea+Herald&rft.atitle=Han+Dong-chul%2C+mastermind+of+Korean+hip-hop+boom&rft.date=2016-04-12&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Woo-young&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.koreaherald.com%2Fview.php%3Fud%3D20160412000578&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This ref was deleted Special:Diff/901583758 by a bug in VisualEditor and later restored by a bot from the original cite located at Special:Permalink/895221595 cite #6 - verify the cite is accurate and delete this template. User:GreenC bot/Job 18 (September 2019)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeong2014" class="citation news cs1">Leong, Melissa (2014-08-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://business.financialpost.com/news/retail-marketing/how-korea-became-the-worlds-coolest-brand">"How Korea became the world's coolest brand"</a>. <i>Financialpost</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financialpost&rft.atitle=How+Korea+became+the+world%27s+coolest+brand&rft.date=2014-08-02&rft.aulast=Leong&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbusiness.financialpost.com%2Fnews%2Fretail-marketing%2Fhow-korea-became-the-worlds-coolest-brand&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This ref was deleted Special:Diff/901583758 by a bug in VisualEditor and later restored by a bot from the original cite located at Special:Permalink/895221595 cite #47 - verify the cite is accurate and delete this template. User:GreenC bot/Job 18 (September 2019)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allkpop.com/article/2017/05/jay-park-and-cha-cha-malone-to-set-up-global-hip-hop-label-h1ghr-music-records">"Jay Park and Cha Cha Malone to set up global hip-hop label H1GHR MUSIC RECORDS"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jay+Park+and+Cha+Cha+Malone+to+set+up+global+hip-hop+label+H1GHR+MUSIC+RECORDS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allkpop.com%2Farticle%2F2017%2F05%2Fjay-park-and-cha-cha-malone-to-set-up-global-hip-hop-label-h1ghr-music-records&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200510155529/https://eww.kr/blog/a-look-into-korean-hip-hop-culture/">"A Look into Korean Hip-Hop Culture - EWW"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eww.kr/blog/a-look-into-korean-hip-hop-culture/">the original</a> on 2020-05-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-04-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Look+into+Korean+Hip-Hop+Culture+-+EWW&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feww.kr%2Fblog%2Fa-look-into-korean-hip-hop-culture%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerman2016" class="citation magazine cs1">Herman, Tamar (2016-04-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/7333010/epik-high-coachella-interview">"Epik High on Being First Major South Korean Act to Play Coachella: 'It Feels Like a Miracle'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Billboard</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Epik+High+on+Being+First+Major+South+Korean+Act+to+Play+Coachella%3A+%27It+Feels+Like+a+Miracle%27&rft.date=2016-04-12&rft.aulast=Herman&rft.aufirst=Tamar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fcolumns%2Fk-town%2F7333010%2Fepik-high-coachella-interview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This ref was deleted Special:Diff/901583758 by a bug in VisualEditor and later restored by a bot from the original cite located at Special:Permalink/895221595 cite #39 - verify the cite is accurate and delete this template. User:GreenC bot/Job 18 (September 2019)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuebrado2016" class="citation news cs1">Quebrado, D (2016-04-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/epik-high-makes-history-first-korean-musical-act-perform-coachella-n556696">"Epik High Makes History First Musical Act to Perform at Coachella"</a>. <i>NBC News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Epik+High+Makes+History+First+Musical+Act+to+Perform+at+Coachella&rft.date=2016-04-15&rft.aulast=Quebrado&rft.aufirst=D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Fasian-america%2Fepik-high-makes-history-first-korean-musical-act-perform-coachella-n556696&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This ref was deleted Special:Diff/901583758 by a bug in VisualEditor and later restored by a bot from the original cite located at Special:Permalink/895221595 cite #40 - verify the cite is accurate and delete this template. User:GreenC bot/Job 18 (September 2019)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBai2016" class="citation web cs1">Bai, Stephany (2016-01-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/south-korean-rap-competition-series-hold-auditions-u-s-n506161">"South Korean Rap Competition Series to Hold Auditions in U.S."</a> <i>NBC News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=South+Korean+Rap+Competition+Series+to+Hold+Auditions+in+U.S.&rft.date=2016-01-28&rft.aulast=Bai&rft.aufirst=Stephany&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Fasian-america%2Fsouth-korean-rap-competition-series-hold-auditions-u-s-n506161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This ref was deleted Special:Diff/901583758 by a bug in VisualEditor and later restored by a bot from the original cite located at Special:Permalink/895221595 cite #4 - verify the cite is accurate and delete this template. User:GreenC bot/Job 18 (September 2019)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kpopstarz.com/articles/230653/20150813/show-me-the-money-4-tour.htm">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Show Me The Money 4' Confirms Los Angeles And New York City Shows, Ticket Sale Dates"</a>. <i>KpopStarz</i>. 2015-08-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KpopStarz&rft.atitle=%27Show+Me+The+Money+4%27+Confirms+Los+Angeles+And+New+York+City+Shows%2C+Ticket+Sale+Dates&rft.date=2015-08-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kpopstarz.com%2Farticles%2F230653%2F20150813%2Fshow-me-the-money-4-tour.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This ref was deleted Special:Diff/901583758 by a bug in VisualEditor and later restored by a bot from the original cite located at Special:Permalink/895221595 cite #35 - verify the cite is accurate and delete this template. User:GreenC bot/Job 18 (September 2019)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCho2015" class="citation web cs1">Cho, Jaeki (2015-06-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.complex.com/music/2015/06/the-rise-of-illionaire-records-korean-rap">"The Rise of Illionaire Records, the Independent Label Taking Korean Hip-Hop to the Next Level"</a>. <i>Complex</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Complex&rft.atitle=The+Rise+of+Illionaire+Records%2C+the+Independent+Label+Taking+Korean+Hip-Hop+to+the+Next+Level&rft.date=2015-06-30&rft.aulast=Cho&rft.aufirst=Jaeki&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.complex.com%2Fmusic%2F2015%2F06%2Fthe-rise-of-illionaire-records-korean-rap&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This ref was deleted Special:Diff/901583758 by a bug in VisualEditor and later restored by a bot from the original cite located at Special:Permalink/895221595 cite #36 - verify the cite is accurate and delete this template. User:GreenC bot/Job 18 (September 2019)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160319191647/http://www.soompi.com/2016/02/19/aomg-to-bring-their-follow-the-movement-tour-to-the-us-this-april/">"AOMG To Bring Their "Follow The Movement" Tour to the US This April"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Soompi" title="Soompi">Soompi</a></i>. 2016-02-19. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.soompi.com/2016/02/19/aomg-to-bring-their-follow-the-movement-tour-to-the-us-this-april/">the original</a> on 2016-03-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Soompi&rft.atitle=AOMG+To+Bring+Their+%22Follow+The+Movement%22+Tour+to+the+US+This+April&rft.date=2016-02-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.soompi.com%2F2016%2F02%2F19%2Faomg-to-bring-their-follow-the-movement-tour-to-the-us-this-april%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This ref was deleted Special:Diff/901583758 by a bug in VisualEditor and later restored by a bot from the original cite located at Special:Permalink/895221595 cite #37 - verify the cite is accurate and delete this template. User:GreenC bot/Job 18 (September 2019)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenjamin2015" class="citation magazine cs1">Benjamin, Jeff (2015-01-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/6436509/amoeba-culture-tour-2015-dynamic-duo-ziont-primary-crush">"Dynamic Duo, Zion.T, More to Hit U.S. on 2015 Amoeba Culture Tour"</a>. <i>Billboard</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Dynamic+Duo%2C+Zion.T%2C+More+to+Hit+U.S.+on+2015+Amoeba+Culture+Tour&rft.date=2015-01-12&rft.aulast=Benjamin&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fcolumns%2Fk-town%2F6436509%2Famoeba-culture-tour-2015-dynamic-duo-ziont-primary-crush&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This ref was deleted Special:Diff/901583758 by a bug in VisualEditor and later restored by a bot from the original cite located at Special:Permalink/895221595 cite #38 - verify the cite is accurate and delete this template. User:GreenC bot/Job 18 (September 2019)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaramanica2015" class="citation news cs1">Caramanica, Jon (2015-08-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/16/arts/music/getting-rowdy-keith-ape-and-real-rap-in-korea.html">"Getting Rowdy: Keith Ape and Real Rap in Korea"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Getting+Rowdy%3A+Keith+Ape+and+Real+Rap+in+Korea&rft.date=2015-08-13&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Caramanica&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F08%2F16%2Farts%2Fmusic%2Fgetting-rowdy-keith-ape-and-real-rap-in-korea.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlasby2015" class="citation web cs1">Glasby, Taylor (2015-09-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dazeddigital.com/music/article/26337/1/keith-ape-the-korean-rapper-who-invaded-nyfw">"How the Korean trap star behind 'It G Ma' ended up at NYFW"</a>. <i>Dazed</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dazed&rft.atitle=How+the+Korean+trap+star+behind+%27It+G+Ma%27+ended+up+at+NYFW&rft.date=2015-09-10&rft.aulast=Glasby&rft.aufirst=Taylor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dazeddigital.com%2Fmusic%2Farticle%2F26337%2F1%2Fkeith-ape-the-korean-rapper-who-invaded-nyfw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlasby2015" class="citation web cs1">Glasby, Taylor (2015-11-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dazeddigital.com/music/article/28548/1/how-okasian-is-pushing-korean-hip-hop-forward">"How Okasian is pushing Korean hip hop forward"</a>. <i>Dazed</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dazed&rft.atitle=How+Okasian+is+pushing+Korean+hip+hop+forward&rft.date=2015-11-24&rft.aulast=Glasby&rft.aufirst=Taylor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dazeddigital.com%2Fmusic%2Farticle%2F28548%2F1%2Fhow-okasian-is-pushing-korean-hip-hop-forward&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Maher-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Maher_79-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaher2015" class="citation web cs1">Maher, D.M. (2015-03-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160428020503/http://uk.complex.com/music/2015/03/the-rise-of-south-korean-hip-hop-keith-ape-interview">"The Rise of South Korean Hip Hop"</a>. <i>UK Complex</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.complex.com/music/2015/03/the-rise-of-south-korean-hip-hop-keith-ape-interview">the original</a> on 2016-04-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UK+Complex&rft.atitle=The+Rise+of+South+Korean+Hip+Hop&rft.date=2015-03-02&rft.aulast=Maher&rft.aufirst=D.M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.complex.com%2Fmusic%2F2015%2F03%2Fthe-rise-of-south-korean-hip-hop-keith-ape-interview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.inquisitr.com/4389723/jay-park-kpop-star-signs-with-jay-zs-roc-nation-this-is-a-win-for-asian-americans/">"Kpop Star Signs With Jay-Z's Roc Nation, 'This Is A Win For Asian Americans"</a>. <i>Inquisitr</i>. 2017-07-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Inquisitr&rft.atitle=Kpop+Star+Signs+With+Jay-Z%27s+Roc+Nation%2C+%27This+Is+A+Win+For+Asian+Americans&rft.date=2017-07-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.inquisitr.com%2F4389723%2Fjay-park-kpop-star-signs-with-jay-zs-roc-nation-this-is-a-win-for-asian-americans%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This ref was deleted Special:Diff/901583758 by a bug in VisualEditor and later restored by a bot from the original cite located at Special:Permalink/895221595 cite #46 - verify the cite is accurate and delete this template. User:GreenC bot/Job 18 (September 2019)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRussell2012" class="citation book cs1">Russell, Mark James (2012-10-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gftM5SjLwV8C"><i>Pop Goes Korea: Behind the Revolution in Movies, Music, and Internet Culture</i></a>. Stone Bridge Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781611725421" title="Special:BookSources/9781611725421"><bdi>9781611725421</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pop+Goes+Korea%3A+Behind+the+Revolution+in+Movies%2C+Music%2C+and+Internet+Culture&rft.pub=Stone+Bridge+Press&rft.date=2012-10-20&rft.isbn=9781611725421&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=Mark+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgftM5SjLwV8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kns.tv/news/articleView.html?idxno=567223">"한국 댄스뮤직의 뿌리를 찾아서-UCDC, 스파크 회장 이성문 인터뷰 곧 공개"</a>. 18 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%ED%95%9C%EA%B5%AD+%EB%8C%84%EC%8A%A4%EB%AE%A4%EC%A7%81%EC%9D%98+%EB%BF%8C%EB%A6%AC%EB%A5%BC+%EC%B0%BE%EC%95%84%EC%84%9C-UCDC%2C+%EC%8A%A4%ED%8C%8C%ED%81%AC+%ED%9A%8C%EC%9E%A5+%EC%9D%B4%EC%84%B1%EB%AC%B8+%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%EB%B7%B0+%EA%B3%A7+%EA%B3%B5%EA%B0%9C&rft.date=2019-05-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kns.tv%2Fnews%2FarticleView.html%3Fidxno%3D567223&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKangPark2021" class="citation book cs1">Kang, Wonrae; Park, Sung gun (2021). <i>The Dance-한국 댄스뮤직 100년사 한국 댄스뮤직 100년사</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dance-%ED%95%9C%EA%B5%AD+%EB%8C%84%EC%8A%A4%EB%AE%A4%EC%A7%81+100%EB%85%84%EC%82%AC+%ED%95%9C%EA%B5%AD+%EB%8C%84%EC%8A%A4%EB%AE%A4%EC%A7%81+100%EB%85%84%EC%82%AC&rft.date=2021&rft.aulast=Kang&rft.aufirst=Wonrae&rft.au=Park%2C+Sung+gun&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://channeldoc.co.kr/%ED%95%9C%EA%B5%AD-%EB%8C%84%EC%8A%A4%EA%B3%84%EC%9D%98-%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC%EB%A5%BC-%EC%93%B0%EA%B8%B0-%EC%8B%9C%EC%9E%91%ED%95%9C-ucdc%EC%99%80-%EC%8A%A4%ED%8C%8C%ED%81%AC-kpop-story/">"1979년, 한국 댄스의 출발점 UCDC와 스파크 KPOP STORY"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1979%EB%85%84%2C+%ED%95%9C%EA%B5%AD+%EB%8C%84%EC%8A%A4%EC%9D%98+%EC%B6%9C%EB%B0%9C%EC%A0%90+UCDC%EC%99%80+%EC%8A%A4%ED%8C%8C%ED%81%AC+KPOP+STORY&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchanneldoc.co.kr%2F%25ED%2595%259C%25EA%25B5%25AD-%25EB%258C%2584%25EC%258A%25A4%25EA%25B3%2584%25EC%259D%2598-%25EC%2597%25AD%25EC%2582%25AC%25EB%25A5%25BC-%25EC%2593%25B0%25EA%25B8%25B0-%25EC%258B%259C%25EC%259E%2591%25ED%2595%259C-ucdc%25EC%2599%2580-%25EC%258A%25A4%25ED%258C%258C%25ED%2581%25AC-kpop-story%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enews.imbc.com/Tpl/View/66474">"<놀러와> 그 시절, 오빠들은 '이태원 문나이트' 에서 놀았다!"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%3C%EB%86%80%EB%9F%AC%EC%99%80%3E+%EA%B7%B8+%EC%8B%9C%EC%A0%88%2C+%EC%98%A4%EB%B9%A0%EB%93%A4%EC%9D%80+%27%EC%9D%B4%ED%83%9C%EC%9B%90+%EB%AC%B8%EB%82%98%EC%9D%B4%ED%8A%B8%27+%EC%97%90%EC%84%9C+%EB%86%80%EC%95%98%EB%8B%A4%21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenews.imbc.com%2FTpl%2FView%2F66474&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:7-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:7_86-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_86-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChang2008" class="citation web cs1">Chang, Jeff (2008-06-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salon.com/2008/06/26/korean_hiphop/">"So you think they can break-dance?"</a>. <i>Salon</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Salon&rft.atitle=So+you+think+they+can+break-dance%3F&rft.date=2008-06-26&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.salon.com%2F2008%2F06%2F26%2Fkorean_hiphop%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.korea.net/NewsFocus/Culture/view?articleId=101012">"Korean b-boys rock the world"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Korean_Culture_and_Information_Service" title="Korean Culture and Information Service">Korean Culture and Information Service</a></i>. 2012-06-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Korean+Culture+and+Information+Service&rft.atitle=Korean+b-boys+rock+the+world&rft.date=2012-06-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.korea.net%2FNewsFocus%2FCulture%2Fview%3FarticleId%3D101012&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allkpop.com/article/2011/06/jay-park-aom-tiger-jk-more-to-perform-at-r-16-b-boy-world-championships-2011">"R-16 B-Boy World Championships 2011 to feature Jay Park, AOM, Tiger JK & more"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Allkpop" title="Allkpop">Allkpop</a></i>. 2011-06-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Allkpop&rft.atitle=R-16+B-Boy+World+Championships+2011+to+feature+Jay+Park%2C+AOM%2C+Tiger+JK+%26+more&rft.date=2011-06-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allkpop.com%2Farticle%2F2011%2F06%2Fjay-park-aom-tiger-jk-more-to-perform-at-r-16-b-boy-world-championships-2011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJackson2013" class="citation web cs1">Jackson, Julie (2013-06-11). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20130611000945">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Ballerina Who Loved a B-Boy' makes its mark abroad"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Korea_Herald" title="The Korea Herald">The Korea Herald</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Korea+Herald&rft.atitle=%27Ballerina+Who+Loved+a+B-Boy%27+makes+its+mark+abroad&rft.date=2013-06-11&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.koreaherald.com%2Fview.php%3Fud%3D20130611000945&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRussell2003" class="citation magazine cs1">Russell, M (2003-02-08). "K-Roc, Hip-Hop Making Noise In South Korea". <i>Billboard</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=K-Roc%2C+Hip-Hop+Making+Noise+In+South+Korea&rft.date=2003-02-08&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee2014" class="citation web cs1">Lee, Y. (2014-10-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2014/10/199_166210.html">"YG Entertainment's Fashion Venture"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Korea_Times" title="The Korea Times">The Korea Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Korea+Times&rft.atitle=YG+Entertainment%27s+Fashion+Venture&rft.date=2014-10-13&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Y.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkoreatimes.co.kr%2Fwww%2Fnews%2Fculture%2F2014%2F10%2F199_166210.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKorean+hip+hop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Music_of_Korea" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Music_of_Korea" title="Template:Music of Korea"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Music_of_Korea" title="Template talk:Music of Korea"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Music_of_Korea" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Music of Korea"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Music_of_Korea" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Music of Korea</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>"<a href="/wiki/Aegukga" title="Aegukga">Aegukga</a>" (<a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> national anthem) and "<a href="/wiki/Aegukka" title="Aegukka">Aegukka</a>" (<a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> national anthem)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_music_of_Korea" title="Traditional music of Korea">Traditional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Korean_musical_instruments" title="Traditional Korean musical instruments">Instruments</a></li> <li>Genres and styles <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pansori" title="Pansori">Pansori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pungmul" title="Pungmul">Pungmul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjo_(music)" title="Sanjo (music)">Sanjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nongak" class="mw-redirect" title="Nongak">Nongak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Shinawi">Shinawi</a></li> <li>Salpuri</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aak" title="Aak">Aak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyangak" title="Hyangak">Hyangak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dangak" title="Dangak">Dangak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeongak" title="Jeongak">Jeongak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gagok" title="Gagok">Gagok</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea"><img alt="Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="567" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern <br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">(20th-21st century)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T%27ong_guitar" title="T'ong guitar">Folk</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_indie" title="Korean indie">Indie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_revolutionary_opera" title="Korean revolutionary opera">Revolutionary Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-pop" title="K-pop">Pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_rock" title="Korean rock">Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trot_(music)" title="Trot (music)">Trot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Charts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korea_K-Pop_Hot_100" class="mw-redirect" title="Korea K-Pop Hot 100">Billboard K-Pop Hot 100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_K-pop_on_the_Billboard_charts" title="List of K-pop on the Billboard charts">List of K-pop on the Billboard charts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_K-pop_albums_on_the_Billboard_charts" title="List of K-pop albums on the Billboard charts">Albums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_K-pop_songs_on_the_Billboard_charts" title="List of K-pop songs on the Billboard charts">Songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_K-pop_at_Billboard" title="Timeline of K-pop at Billboard">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaon_Music_Chart" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaon Music Chart">Gaon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaon_Singles_Chart" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaon Singles Chart">Gaon Singles Chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaon_Albums_Chart" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaon Albums Chart">Gaon Albums Chart</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:South_Korean_record_labels" title="Category:South Korean record labels">Record companies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:South_Korean_record_labels" title="Category:South Korean record labels">Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:South_Korean_independent_record_labels" title="Category:South Korean independent record labels">Independent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Musicians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_North_Korean_musicians" title="List of North Korean musicians">List of North Korean musicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_South_Korean_musicians" title="List of South Korean musicians">List of South Korean musicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_K-pop_artists" class="mw-redirect" title="List of female K-pop artists">List of female K-pop artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_male_K-pop_artists" class="mw-redirect" title="List of male K-pop artists">List of male K-pop artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_South_Korean_idol_groups" title="List of South Korean idol groups">List of South Korean idol groups</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:South_Korean_music_awards" title="Category:South Korean music awards">South Korean music awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_music_festivals_in_South_Korea" title="List of music festivals in South Korea">List of music festivals in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_programs_of_South_Korea" title="Music programs of South Korea">Music programs of South Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="K-pop" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:K-pop" title="Template:K-pop"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:K-pop" title="Template talk:K-pop"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:K-pop" title="Special:EditPage/Template:K-pop"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="K-pop" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/K-pop" title="K-pop">K-pop</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Wave" title="Korean Wave">Korean Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_ballad" title="Korean ballad">Korean ballad</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Korean hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_rock" title="Korean rock">Korean rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trot_(music)" title="Trot (music)">Trot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terminology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_technology" title="Cultural technology">Cultural technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fan_rice" title="Fan rice">Fan rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasaeng_fan" title="Sasaeng fan">Sasaeng fan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_idol" title="Korean idol">Idols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slave_contract" title="Slave contract">Slave contract</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexualization_and_sexual_exploitation_in_K-pop" title="Sexualization and sexual exploitation in K-pop">Sexualization and sexual exploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_concert" title="Virtual concert">Virtual concert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_K-pop_artists" title="List of K-pop artists">Individual artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_South_Korean_idol_groups" title="List of South Korean idol groups">Idol groups</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_South_Korean_girl_groups" title="List of South Korean girl groups">Girl groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_South_Korean_boy_bands" title="List of South Korean boy bands">Boy groups</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dream_Concert_(South_Korea)" title="Dream Concert (South Korea)">Dream Concert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KCON_(music_festival)" title="KCON (music festival)">KCON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-pop_Cover_Dance_Festival" title="K-pop Cover Dance Festival">K-pop Cover Dance Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-Pop_World_Festival" title="K-Pop World Festival">K-Pop World Festival</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Websites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allkpop" title="Allkpop">Allkpop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billboard_K-Town" title="Billboard K-Town"><i>Billboard</i> K-Town</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_K-pop_at_Billboard" title="Timeline of K-pop at Billboard">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_K-pop_at_Billboard_in_the_2020s" title="Timeline of K-pop at Billboard in the 2020s">2020s</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eatyourkimchi" title="Eatyourkimchi">Eatyourkimchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soompi" title="Soompi">Soompi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Music_programs_of_South_Korea" title="Music programs of South Korea">Music shows</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Inkigayo" title="Inkigayo">Inkigayo</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Seoul_Broadcasting_System" title="Seoul Broadcasting System">SBS</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/M_Countdown" title="M Countdown">M Countdown</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Mnet_(TV_channel)" title="Mnet (TV channel)">Mnet</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Music_Bank_(TV_program)" title="Music Bank (TV program)">Music Bank</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/KBS2" title="KBS2">KBS2</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Music_Universe_K-909" title="Music Universe K-909">Music Universe K-909</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/JTBC" title="JTBC">JTBC</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Music_on_Top" title="Music on Top">Music on Top</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/JTBC" title="JTBC">JTBC</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pops_in_Seoul" title="Pops in Seoul">Pops in Seoul</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Arirang_TV" title="Arirang TV">Arirang TV</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Show_Champion" title="Show Champion">Show Champion</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/MBC_M" title="MBC M">MBC M</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Show!_Music_Core" title="Show! Music Core">Show! Music Core</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Munhwa_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation">MBC</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Show_(South_Korean_TV_program)" title="The Show (South Korean TV program)">The Show</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/SBS_M" title="SBS M">SBS M</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Simply_K-Pop" title="Simply K-Pop">Simply K-Pop</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Arirang_TV" title="Arirang TV">Arirang TV</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music charts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_K-pop_on_the_Billboard_charts" title="List of K-pop on the Billboard charts">List of K-pop on the <i>Billboard</i> charts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_K-pop_albums_on_the_Billboard_charts" title="List of K-pop albums on the Billboard charts">Albums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_K-pop_songs_on_the_Billboard_charts" title="List of K-pop songs on the Billboard charts">Songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_K-pop_songs_on_the_World_Digital_Song_Sales_chart" title="List of K-pop songs on the World Digital Song Sales chart">World Digital Song Sales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_K-pop_on_the_Billboard_year-end_charts" title="List of K-pop on the Billboard year-end charts">Year-end</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circle_Chart" title="Circle Chart">Circle Chart</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circle_Album_Chart" title="Circle Album Chart">albums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circle_Digital_Chart" title="Circle Digital Chart">singles</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-pop_Hot_100" title="K-pop Hot 100"><i>Billboard</i> K-pop Hot 100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea_Songs" title="South Korea Songs">South Korea Songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_number-one_albums_in_South_Korea_(1998%E2%80%932008)" title="List of number-one albums in South Korea (1998–2008)">RIAK/MIAK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:South_Korean_record_labels" title="Category:South Korean record labels">Notable labels<br />and publishers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antenna_(record_label)" title="Antenna (record label)">Antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8D_Creative" title="8D Creative">8D Creative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attrakt" title="Attrakt">Attrakt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B2M_Entertainment" title="B2M Entertainment">B2M Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BPM_Entertainment" title="BPM Entertainment">BPM Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brand_New_Music" title="Brand New Music">Brand New Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brave_Entertainment" title="Brave Entertainment">Brave Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C9_Entertainment" title="C9 Entertainment">C9 Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CJ_ENM" title="CJ ENM">CJ ENM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amoeba_Culture" title="Amoeba Culture">Amoeba Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AOMG" title="AOMG">AOMG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H1ghr_Music" title="H1ghr Music">H1ghr Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wake_One_Entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="Wake One Entertainment">Wake One Entertainment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coridel_Entertainment" title="Coridel Entertainment">Coridel Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cube_Entertainment" title="Cube Entertainment">Cube Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DR_Music" title="DR Music">DR Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantagio" title="Fantagio">Fantagio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FNC_Entertainment" title="FNC Entertainment">FNC Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybe_Corporation" title="Hybe Corporation">Hybe Corporation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Hit_Music" title="Big Hit Music">Big Hit Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pledis_Entertainment" title="Pledis Entertainment">Pledis Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Source_Music" title="Source Music">Source Music</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imagine_Asia" title="Imagine Asia">Imagine Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dreamcatcher_Company" title="Dreamcatcher Company">Dreamcatcher Company</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jellyfish_Entertainment" title="Jellyfish Entertainment">Jellyfish Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JYP_Entertainment" title="JYP Entertainment">JYP Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakao_Entertainment" title="Kakao Entertainment">Kakao Entertainment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IST_Entertainment" title="IST Entertainment">IST Entertainment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maroo_Entertainment" title="Maroo Entertainment">Maroo Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MLD_Entertainment" title="MLD Entertainment">MLD Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MNH_Entertainment" title="MNH Entertainment">MNH Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oui_Entertainment" title="Oui Entertainment">Oui Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P_Nation" title="P Nation">P Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RBW_(company)" title="RBW (company)">RBW</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DSP_Media" title="DSP Media">DSP Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WM_Entertainment" title="WM Entertainment">WM Entertainment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SM_Entertainment" title="SM Entertainment">SM Entertainment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Label_SJ" title="Label SJ">Label SJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystic_Story" title="Mystic Story">Mystic Story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woollim_Entertainment" title="Woollim Entertainment">Woollim Entertainment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starship_Entertainment" title="Starship Entertainment">Starship Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Empire_Entertainment" title="Star Empire Entertainment">Star Empire Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOP_Media" title="TOP Media">TOP Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YG_Entertainment" title="YG Entertainment">YG Entertainment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Black_Label" title="The Black Label">The Black Label</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuehua_Entertainment" title="Yuehua Entertainment">Yuehua Entertainment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publishers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genie_Music" title="Genie Music">Genie Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munhwa_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation">iMBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interpark" title="Interpark">Interpark Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakao_Entertainment" title="Kakao Entertainment">Kakao Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music%26New" title="Music&New">Music&New</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHN_Entertainment_Corporation" title="NHN Entertainment Corporation">NHN Bugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pony_Canyon" title="Pony Canyon">Pony Canyon Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SBS_Contents_Hub" title="SBS Contents Hub">SBS Contents Hub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SK_Group" title="SK Group">SK Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dreamus" title="Dreamus">Dreamus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SK_Communications" title="SK Communications">SK Communications</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music">Sony Music Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soribada" title="Soribada">Soribada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Music_Entertainment" title="Stone Music Entertainment">Stone Music Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal Music Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group">Warner Music Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YG_Plus" title="YG Plus">YG Plus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Music_award_shows" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Music award shows</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/APAN_Music_Awards" title="APAN Music Awards">APAN Music Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_Artist_Awards" title="Asia Artist Awards">Asia Artist Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_Song_Festival" title="Asia Song Festival">Asia Song Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circle_Chart_Music_Awards" title="Circle Chart Music Awards">Circle Chart Music Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genie_Music_Awards" title="Genie Music Awards">Genie Music Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Disc_Awards" title="Golden Disc Awards">Golden Disc Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KBS_Song_Festival" title="KBS Song Festival">KBS Gayo Daechukje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Music_Awards" title="Korean Music Awards">Korean Music Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Popular_Culture_and_Arts_Awards" title="Korean Popular Culture and Arts Awards">Korean Popular Culture and Arts Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAMA_Awards" title="MAMA Awards">MAMA Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBC_Gayo_Daejejeon" title="MBC Gayo Daejejeon">MBC Gayo Daejejeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mnet_20%27s_Choice_Awards" title="Mnet 20's Choice Awards">Mnet 20's Choice Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SBS_Gayo_Daejeon" title="SBS Gayo Daejeon">SBS Gayo Daejeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seoul_Music_Awards" title="Seoul Music Awards">Seoul Music Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soribada_Best_K-Music_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="Soribada Best K-Music Awards">Soribada Best K-Music Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fact_Music_Awards" title="The Fact Music Awards">The Fact Music Awards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Digital music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyworld_Digital_Music_Awards" title="Cyworld Digital Music Awards">Cyworld Digital Music Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melon_Music_Awards" title="Melon Music Awards">Melon Music Awards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Index_of_Korea-related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Korea_topics" title="Template:Korea topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Korea_topics" title="Template talk:Korea topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Korea_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Korea topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Index_of_Korea-related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Index of Korea-related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="History_of_Korea" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Korea" title="History of Korea">History of Korea</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Korea" title="Military history of Korea">Military history of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Korea" title="List of monarchs of Korea">List of monarchs of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Korean_history" title="Timeline of Korean history">Timeline of Korean history</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chronology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gojoseon" title="Gojoseon">Gojoseon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dangun_Joseon" class="mw-redirect" title="Dangun Joseon">Dangun Joseon</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gija_Joseon" title="Gija Joseon">Gija Joseon</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wiman_Joseon" title="Wiman Joseon">Wiman Joseon</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jin_(Korean_state)" title="Jin (Korean state)">Jin (Korean state)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto%E2%80%93Three_Kingdoms_period" title="Proto–Three Kingdoms period">Proto–Three Kingdoms of Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buyeo" title="Buyeo">Buyeo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Okjeo" title="Okjeo">Okjeo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Ye" title="Eastern Ye">Dongye</a> / <a href="/wiki/Samhan" title="Samhan">Samhan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Four_Commanderies_of_Han" title="Four Commanderies of Han">Four Commanderies of Han</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Kingdoms_of_Korea" title="Three Kingdoms of Korea">Three Kingdoms of Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goguryeo" title="Goguryeo">Goguryeo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Baekje" title="Baekje">Baekje</a> / <a href="/wiki/Silla" title="Silla">Silla</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gaya_confederacy" title="Gaya confederacy">Gaya confederacy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_and_Southern_States_period" title="Northern and Southern States period">North–South States Period</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Silla" class="mw-redirect" title="United Silla">Later Silla</a> / <a href="/wiki/Balhae" title="Balhae">Balhae</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Later_Three_Kingdoms" title="Later Three Kingdoms">Later Three Kingdoms</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taebong" title="Taebong">Taebong</a> / <a href="/wiki/Later_Baekje" title="Later Baekje">Later Baekje</a> / <a href="/wiki/Silla" title="Silla">Silla</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goryeo" title="Goryeo">Goryeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseon" title="Joseon">Joseon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Empire" title="Korean Empire">Korean Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_under_Japanese_rule" title="Korea under Japanese rule">Korea under Japanese rule</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_the_Republic_of_Korea" title="Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea">Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Division_of_Korea" title="Division of Korea">Division of Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Military_Government_in_Korea" title="United States Army Military Government in Korea">United States Army Military Government in Korea</a> / <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Civil_Administration" title="Soviet Civil Administration">Soviet Civil Administration</a> / <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_South_Korea" title="History of South Korea">History of South Korea</a> / <a href="/wiki/History_of_North_Korea" title="History of North Korea">History of North Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Geography_of_Korea" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Korea" title="Geography of Korea">Geography of Korea</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Borders_of_North_Korea" title="Template:Borders of North Korea">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korean Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="List of islands of Korea">List of islands of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Korea" title="List of lakes of Korea">List of lakes of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Korea" title="List of mountains in Korea">List of mountains in Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Korea" title="List of rivers of Korea">List of rivers of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Korea" title="Provinces of Korea">Provinces of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Korea" title="Regions of Korea">Regions of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_South_Korea" title="Geology of South Korea">Geology of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floods_in_Korea" title="Floods in Korea">Floods in Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_North_Korea" title="Geography of North Korea">Geography of North Korea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_North_Korea" title="Administrative divisions of North Korea">Administrative divisions of North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_North_Korea" title="List of cities in North Korea">List of cities in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_cities_of_North_Korea" title="Special cities of North Korea">Special cities of North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_North_Korea" title="Geology of North Korea">Geology of North Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_South_Korea" title="Geography of South Korea">Geography of South Korea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_South_Korea" title="Administrative divisions of South Korea">Administrative divisions of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_South_Korea" title="Environment of South Korea">Environment of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_South_Korea" title="List of cities in South Korea">List of cities in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_special_cities_of_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="List of special cities of South Korea">List of special cities of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_South_Korea" title="List of World Heritage Sites in South Korea">List of World Heritage Sites in South Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Politics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Politics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North Korea</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_North_Korea" title="Constitution of North Korea">Constitution of North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_North_Korea" title="Foreign relations of North Korea">Foreign relations of North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="North Korea–South Korea relations">Relations with South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_North_Korea" title="Government of North Korea">Government of North Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Leader_(North_Korean_title)" title="Supreme Leader (North Korean title)">Supreme Leader of North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_North_Korea" title="List of heads of state of North Korea">Heads of state of North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_North_Korea" title="Premier of North Korea">Premier of North Korea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_North_Korea" title="Human rights in North Korea">Human rights in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_People%27s_Army" title="Korean People's Army">Korean People's Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_North_Korea" title="Law of North Korea">Law of North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_North_Korea" title="Politics of North Korea">Politics of North Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_North_Korea" title="Elections in North Korea">Elections in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_North_Korea#Political_parties_and_elections" title="Politics of North Korea">Politics of North Korea#Political parties and elections</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_of_Korea" title="Workers' Party of Korea">Workers' Party of Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Korea" title="General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea">General Secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politburo_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Korea" title="Politburo of the Workers' Party of Korea">Politburo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Korea" title="Secretariat of the Workers' Party of Korea">Secretariat</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Juche" title="Juche">Juche</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Affairs_Commission_of_North_Korea" title="State Affairs Commission of North Korea">State Affairs Commission of North Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_State_Affairs_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the State Affairs Commission">President of State Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="North Korea and weapons of mass destruction">North Korea and weapons of mass destruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_People%27s_Assembly" title="Supreme People's Assembly">Supreme People's Assembly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South Korea</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_South_Korea" title="Constitution of South Korea">Constitution of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_South_Korea" title="Foreign relations of South Korea">Foreign relations of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="North Korea–South Korea relations">Relations with North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_South_Korea" title="Government of South Korea">Government of South Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_South_Korea" title="President of South Korea">President of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_South_Korea" title="Prime Minister of South Korea">Prime Minister of South Korea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_South_Korea" title="Human rights in South Korea">Human rights in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Korea_Armed_Forces" title="Republic of Korea Armed Forces">Republic of Korea Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_South_Korea" title="Politics of South Korea">Politics of South Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_South_Korea" title="Elections in South Korea">Elections in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_elections_in_South_Korea" title="Presidential elections in South Korea">Presidential elections in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_elections_in_South_Korea" title="Legislative elections in South Korea">Legislative elections in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_South_Korea" title="List of political parties in South Korea">List of political parties in South Korea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="South Korea and weapons of mass destruction">South Korea and weapons of mass destruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(South_Korea)" title="National Assembly (South Korea)">National Assembly (South Korea)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_South_Korea" title="Judiciary of South Korea">Judiciary of South Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Korea" title="Supreme Court of Korea">Supreme Court of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Court_of_Korea" title="Constitutional Court of Korea">Constitutional Court of Korea</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Economy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Economy</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_North_Korea" title="Economy of North Korea">Economy of North Korea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_North_Korea" title="Automotive industry in North Korea">Automotive industry in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_North_Korea" title="Energy in North Korea">Energy in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_North_Korea" title="Telecommunications in North Korea">Telecommunications in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_North_Korea" title="Tourism in North Korea">Tourism in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_North_Korea" title="Transport in North Korea">Transport in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_won" title="North Korean won">North Korean won</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_North_Korea" title="Agriculture in North Korea">Agriculture in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_famine" class="mw-redirect" title="North Korean famine">North Korean famine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jangmadang" title="Jangmadang">Jangmadang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_North_Korea" title="Mining in North Korea">Mining in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rason_Special_Economic_Zone" title="Rason Special Economic Zone">Rason Special Economic Zone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_South_Korea" title="Economy of South Korea">Economy of South Korea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_South_Korea" title="Automotive industry in South Korea">Automotive industry in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_inequality_in_South_Korea" title="Economic inequality in South Korea">Economic inequality in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_South_Korea" title="Energy in South Korea">Energy in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_South_Korea" title="Telecommunications in South Korea">Telecommunications in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_South_Korea" title="Tourism in South Korea">Tourism in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_South_Korea" title="Transport in South Korea">Transport in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korean_won" title="South Korean won">South Korean won</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaebol" title="Chaebol">Chaebol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_services_in_South_Korea" title="Financial services in South Korea">Financial services in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry_in_South_Korea" title="Fishing industry in South Korea">Fishing industry in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracle_on_the_Han_River" title="Miracle on the Han River">Miracle on the Han River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_South_Korea" title="Science and technology in South Korea">Science and technology in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_South_Korea" title="Squatting in South Korea">Squatting in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_unions_in_South_Korea" title="Trade unions in South Korea">Trade unions in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Asian_financial_crisis" title="1997 Asian financial crisis">1997 Asian financial crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Demographics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Demographics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Koreans" title="Koreans">Koreans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_North_Korea" title="Demographics of North Korea">Demographics of North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_South_Korea" title="Demographics of South Korea">Demographics of South Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aging_of_South_Korea" title="Aging of South Korea">Aging of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_inequality_in_South_Korea" title="Gender inequality in South Korea">Gender inequality in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_birth_rate_in_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Low birth rate in South Korea">Low birth rate in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_adoption_of_South_Korean_children" title="International adoption of South Korean children">International adoption of South Korean children</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreatown" title="Koreatown">Koreatown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean language</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hangul" title="Hangul">Hangul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanja" title="Hanja">Hanja</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_name" title="Korean name">Korean name</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Culture_of_Korea" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Korea" title="Culture of Korea">Culture of Korea</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Korea" title="Cinema of Korea">Cinema of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_cuisine" title="Korean cuisine">Korean cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globalization_in_South_Korea" title="Globalization in South Korea">Globalization in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_martial_arts" title="Korean martial arts">Korean martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_mythology" title="Korean mythology">Korean mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_philosophy" title="Korean philosophy">Korean philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Korea" title="Religion in Korea">Religion in Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ssireum" title="Ssireum">Ssireum</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(wrestling)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_sword" title="Korean sword">Korean sword</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_tea_ceremony" title="Korean tea ceremony">Korean tea ceremony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tattooing_in_South_Korea" title="Tattooing in South Korea">Tattooing in South Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Korean_art" title="Korean art">Korean art</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_architecture" title="Korean architecture">Korean architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_calligraphy" title="Korean calligraphy">Korean calligraphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_drama" title="Korean drama">Korean drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_literature" title="Korean literature">Korean literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_music_of_Korea" title="Traditional music of Korea">Traditional music of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_painting" title="Korean painting">Korean painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_pottery_and_porcelain" title="Korean pottery and porcelain">Korean pottery and porcelain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_North_Korea" title="Culture of North Korea">Culture of North Korea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_North_Korea" title="Education in North Korea">Education in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_literature" title="North Korean literature">North Korean literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_North_Korea" title="Religion in North Korea">Religion in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_in_North_Korea" title="Smoking in North Korea">Smoking in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_North_Korea" title="Sport in North Korea">Sport in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arirang_Mass_Games" title="Arirang Mass Games">Arirang Festival</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Juche" title="Juche">Juche</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_North_Korea" title="Propaganda in North Korea">Propaganda in North Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_South_Korea" title="Culture of South Korea">Culture of South Korea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_South_Korea" title="Education in South Korea">Education in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_South_Korea" title="Religion in South Korea">Religion in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_in_South_Korea" title="Smoking in South Korea">Smoking in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_South_Korea" title="Sport in South Korea">Sport in South Korea</a></li> <li>Cultural icons</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Wave" title="Korean Wave">Korean Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-pop" title="K-pop">K-pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Marriage in South Korea">Marriage in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_South_Korea" title="Mass media in South Korea">Media of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_South_Korea" title="Sexuality in South Korea">Sexuality in South Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hip-hop" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: darkblue; color: white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hip_hop" title="Template:Hip hop"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hip_hop" title="Template talk:Hip hop"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hip_hop" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hip hop"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hip-hop" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hip-hop" title="Hip-hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Hip-hop</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: darkblue; color: white;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breakdancing" title="Breakdancing"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Breaking</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turntablism" title="Turntablism"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">DJing</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graffiti" title="Graffiti"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Graffiti</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emceeing" class="mw-redirect" title="Emceeing"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Emceeing</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatboxing" title="Beatboxing"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Beatboxing</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: darkblue; color: white;;width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_rap" title="Battle rap">Battle rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip-hop_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip-hop dance">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_fashion" title="Hip hop fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_activism" title="Hip hop activism">Activism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_feminism" title="Hip hop feminism">Feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_activism_in_hip_hop" title="Feminist activism in hip hop">Feminist activism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT hip hop">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hip_hop_festivals" title="List of hip hop festivals">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip hop music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_production" title="Hip hop production">Production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip-hop_theater" title="Hip-hop theater">Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hip_hop_genres" title="List of hip hop genres">Genres</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: darkblue; color: white;;width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Five-Percent_Nation" title="Five-Percent Nation">Five-Percent Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Zulu_Nation" title="Universal Zulu Nation">Universal Zulu Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old-school_hip_hop" title="Old-school hip hop">Old-school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New-school_hip_hop" title="New-school hip hop">New school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_age_hip_hop" title="Golden age hip hop">Golden age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_underground_scene" title="Bristol underground scene">Bristol underground scene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: darkblue; color: white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_hip_hop_genres" title="List of hip hop genres"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Subgenres</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_hip_hop_genres" title="List of hip hop genres"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">General</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_hip_hop" title="Alternative hip hop">Alternative</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hipster_hop" title="Hipster hop">Hipster hop</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boom_bap" title="Boom bap">Boom bap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bounce_music" title="Bounce music">Bounce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_rap" title="UK rap">British</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UK_rap#Road_rap" title="UK rap">Road rap</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipmunk_soul" title="Chipmunk soul">Chipmunk soul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chopped_and_screwed" title="Chopped and screwed">Chopped and screwed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chopper_(rap)" title="Chopper (rap)">Chopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloud_rap" title="Cloud rap">Cloud rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_hip_hop" title="Comedy hip hop">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crunk" title="Crunk">Crunk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crunkcore" title="Crunkcore">Crunkcore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Coast_hip_hop" title="East Coast hip hop">East Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_rap" title="Freestyle rap">Freestyle rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyphy" title="Hyphy">Hyphy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jerkin%27" title="Jerkin'">Jerkin'</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instrumental_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Instrumental hip hop">Instrumental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_hip_hop" title="Latin hip hop">Latin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicano_rap" title="Chicano rap">Chicano rap</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lofi_hip_hop" title="Lofi hip hop">Lofi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_bass" title="Miami bass">Miami bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumble_rap" title="Mumble rap">Mumble rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerdcore" title="Nerdcore">Nerdcore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chap_hop" title="Chap hop">Chap hop</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_hip_hop" title="Political hip hop">Political</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_hip_hop#Conscious_hip_hop" title="Political hip hop">Conscious</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_rap" title="Progressive rap">Progressive rap</a></li> <li>Religious <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_hip_hop" title="Christian hip hop">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_hip_hop" title="Jewish hip hop">Jewish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snap_music" title="Snap music">Snap music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_hip_hop" title="Southern hip hop">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turntablism" title="Turntablism">Turntablism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underground_hip_hop" title="Underground hip hop">Underground</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_hip_hop" title="Hardcore hip hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Hardcore</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dirty_rap" title="Dirty rap">Dirty rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangsta_rap" title="Gangsta rap">Gangsta rap</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gangsta_rap#Mafioso_rap" title="Gangsta rap">Mafioso rap</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G-funk" title="G-funk">G-funk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horrorcore" title="Horrorcore">Horrorcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis_rap" title="Memphis rap">Memphis rap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/Trap_music" title="Trap music"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Trap music</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrobeats#Afro_trap" title="Afrobeats">Afro trap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drill_music" title="Drill music">Drill</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_drill" title="Brooklyn drill">Brooklyn drill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_club#Jersey_club_rap" title="Jersey club">Jersey drill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_drill#Sample_drill" title="Brooklyn drill">Sample drill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_drill" title="UK drill">UK drill</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_trap" title="Latin trap">Latin trap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonk" title="Phonk">Phonk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plugg_music" title="Plugg music">Plugg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rage_(music_genre)" title="Rage (music genre)">Rage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_on_Dying#Tread_style" title="Working on Dying">Tread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_rap#Trap_scene" title="UK rap">UK trap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: darkblue; color: white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_hip_hop_genres#Fusion_genres" title="List of hip hop genres"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Fusion genres</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_hip_hop_genres#Fusion_genres" title="List of hip hop genres"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">General</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Country_rap" title="Country rap">Country rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electro_(music)" title="Electro (music)">Electro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emo_rap" title="Emo rap">Emo rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_soul" title="Hip hop soul">Hip hop soul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_house" title="Hip house">Hip house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_hip_hop" title="Industrial hip hop">Industrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazz_rap" title="Jazz rap">Jazz rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_jack_swing" title="New jack swing">New jack swing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_rap" title="Pop rap">Pop rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_rap" title="Psychedelic rap">Psychedelic rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_rap" title="Punk rap">Punk rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragga#Ragga_and_hip_hop_music" title="Ragga">Ragga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rap_opera" title="Rap opera">Rap opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rap_rock" title="Rap rock">Rap rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trip_hop" title="Trip hop">Trip hop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/Rap_metal" title="Rap metal"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Rap metal</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rap_metal#Trap_metal" title="Rap metal">Trap metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_metal" title="Nu metal">Nu metal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_hip_hop_genres#Ethnic_fusion_genres" title="List of hip hop genres"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Regional</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afroswing" title="Afroswing">Afroswing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bongo_flava" class="mw-redirect" title="Bongo flava">Bongo flava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boomba_music" title="Boomba music">Boomba music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumbia_rap" title="Cumbia rap">Cumbia rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genge" title="Genge">Genge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_galsen" title="Hip hop galsen">Hip hop galsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hipco" title="Hipco">Hipco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiplife" title="Hiplife">Hiplife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_rap" title="Igbo rap">Igbo rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwaito" title="Kwaito">Kwaito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_bap" title="Low bap">Low bap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motswako" title="Motswako">Motswako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Na_mele_paleoleo" class="mw-redirect" title="Na mele paleoleo">Na mele paleoleo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuyorican_rap" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuyorican rap">Nuyorican rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romany_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Romany hip hop">Romany hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songo-salsa" title="Songo-salsa">Songo-salsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scam_rap" title="Scam rap">Scam rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stronda" title="Stronda">Stronda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Pasifika" title="Urban Pasifika">Urban Pasifika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigilante_rap" title="Vigilante rap">Vigilante rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenji_flava" title="Zenji flava">Zenji flava</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: darkblue; color: white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_hip_hop_genres#Derived_genres" title="List of hip hop genres"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Derivatives</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_electronic_music_genres" title="List of electronic music genres"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Electronic</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breakbeat" title="Breakbeat">Breakbeat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_club" title="Baltimore club">Baltimore club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_breaks" title="Florida breaks">Florida breaks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghetto_house" title="Ghetto house">Ghetto house</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghettotech" title="Ghettotech">Ghettotech</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glitch_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Glitch hop">Glitch hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grime_music" title="Grime music">Grime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illbient" title="Illbient">Illbient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_music" title="Freestyle music">Freestyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonky_(genre)" title="Wonky (genre)">Wonky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Other</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Funk_carioca" title="Funk carioca">Funk carioca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton">Reggaeton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_reggaeton" title="Alternative reggaeton">Alternative reggaeton</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: darkblue; color: white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Hip_hop_by_country" title="Category:Hip hop by country"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Regional scenes</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/African_hip_hop" title="African hip hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">African</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_hip_hop" title="Algerian hip hop">Algerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angolan_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Angolan hip hop">Angolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beninese_hip_hop" title="Beninese hip hop">Beninese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Botswana hip hop">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambian_hip_hop" title="Gambian hip hop">Gambian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghanaian_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghanaian hip hop">Ghanaian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivorian_hip_hop" title="Ivorian hip hop">Ivorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyan_hip_hop" title="Kenyan hip hop">Kenyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawian_hip_hop" title="Malawian hip hop">Malawian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritian_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauritian hip hop">Mauritian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_hip_hop" title="Moroccan hip hop">Moroccan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibian_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Namibian hip hop">Namibian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Nigerian hip hop">Nigerian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Port Harcourt hip hop">Port Harcourt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerien_hip_hop" title="Nigerien hip hop">Nigerien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegalese_hip_hop" title="Senegalese hip hop">Senegalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="South African hip hop">South African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzanian_hip_hop" title="Tanzanian hip hop">Tanzanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togolese_hip_hop" title="Togolese hip hop">Togolese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambian_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Zambian hip hop">Zambian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwean_hip_hop" title="Zimbabwean hip hop">Zimbabwean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/Asian_hip_hop" title="Asian hip hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Asian</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Armenia#Hip_hop" title="Music of Armenia">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_hip_hop" title="Azerbaijani hip hop">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_hip_hop" title="Bangladeshi hip hop">Bangladeshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_hip_hop" title="Burmese hip hop">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_hip_hop" title="Chinese hip hop">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_hip_hop" title="Indian hip hop">Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Desi_hip_hop" title="Desi hip hop">Desi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_hip_hop" title="Indonesian hip hop">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_hip_hop" title="Japanese hip hop">Japanese</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_hip_hop" title="Malaysian hip hop">Malaysian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_hip_hop" title="Mongolian hip hop">Mongolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_hip_hop" title="Nepalese hip hop">Nepalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistani hip hop">Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinoy_hip_hop" title="Pinoy hip hop">Philippine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_hip_hop" title="Singapore hip hop">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_hip_hop" title="Sri Lankan hip hop">Sri Lankan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_hip_hop" title="Taiwanese hip hop">Taiwanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_hip_hop" title="Thai hip hop">Thai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/European_hip_hop" title="European hip hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">European</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_hip_hop" title="Albanian hip hop">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_hip_hop" title="Austrian hip hop">Austrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_hip_hop" title="Belgian hip hop">Belgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_and_Herzegovinian_hip_hop" title="Bosnian and Herzegovinian hip hop">Bosnian and Herzegovinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_rap" title="UK rap">British</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Celtic hip hop">Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_hip_hop" title="Scottish hip hop">Scottish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_hip_hop" title="Bulgarian hip hop">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_hip_hop" title="Croatian hip hop">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_hip_hop" title="Czech hip hop">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_hip_hop" title="Dutch hip hop">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_hip_hop" title="Finnish hip hop">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_hip_hop" title="French hip hop">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_hip_hop" title="German hip hop">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_hip_hop" title="Greek hip hop">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_tuga" title="Hip hop tuga">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_hip_hop" title="Hungarian hip hop">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_hip_hop" title="Icelandic hip hop">Icelandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_hip_hop" title="Irish hip hop">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_hip_hop" title="Italian hip hop">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_hip_hop" title="Macedonian hip hop">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Montenegrin hip hop">Montenegrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwegian hip hop">Norwegian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_hip_hop" title="Polish hip hop">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_hip_hop" title="Romanian hip hop">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romany_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Romany hip hop">Romany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_hip_hop" title="Russian hip hop">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_hip_hop" title="Serbian hip hop">Serbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_hip_hop" title="Slovak hip hop">Slovak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_hip_hop" title="Slovenian hip hop">Slovenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish hip hop">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_hip_hop" title="Swedish hip hop">Swedish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_hip_hop" title="Swiss hip hop">Swiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_hip_hop" title="Ukrainian hip hop">Ukrainian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_hip_hop" title="Middle Eastern hip hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Middle Eastern</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_hip_hop" title="Arabic hip hop">Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_hip_hop" title="Egyptian hip hop">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_hip_hop" title="Iranian hip hop">Iranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_hip_hop" title="Israeli hip hop">Israeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_hip_hop" title="Lebanese hip hop">Lebanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_hip_hop" title="Palestinian hip hop">Palestinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabian hip hop">Saudi Arabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Tunisian hip hop">Tunisian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_hip_hop" title="Turkish hip hop">Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_hip_hop" title="Yemeni hip hop">Yemeni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/Category:North_American_hip_hop" title="Category:North American hip hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">North American</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist inline"><b>United States:</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Coast_hip_hop" title="East Coast hip hop">East Coast</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_club" title="Baltimore club">Baltimore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_New_Jersey#Hip-Hop" title="Music of New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_New_York_City#Hip_hop" title="Music of New York City">New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Philadelphia#Hip_hop,_R&B,_and_Nu_Soul" title="Music of Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_in_Washington,_D.C." title="Hip hop in Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_hip_hop" title="Chicago hip hop">Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Detroit#Hip_hop" title="Music of Detroit">Detroit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twin_Cities_hip_hop" title="Twin Cities hip hop">Minneapolis/St. Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Wisconsin hip hop">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Omaha#Hip_hop" title="Music of Omaha">Omaha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_hip_hop" title="Southern hip hop">Southern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_hip_hop" title="Atlanta hip hop">Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis_rap" title="Memphis rap">Memphis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_bass" title="Miami bass">Miami</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_hip_hop" title="West Coast hip hop">West Coast</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music_in_the_Pacific_Northwest" title="Hip hop music in the Pacific Northwest">Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaskan_Hip_Hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaskan Hip Hop">Alaska</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_American_hip_hop" title="Asian American hip hop">Asian American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_hip_hop" title="Latin hip hop">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_hip_hop" title="Native American hip hop">Native American</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist inline" style="display:block"><b>Outside the US:</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_hip_hop" title="Canadian hip hop">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_hip_hop" title="Cuban hip hop">Cuban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Dominican_Republic#Hip_hop" title="Music of the Dominican Republic">Dominican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_hip_hop" title="Haitian hip hop">Haitian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_hip_hop" title="Mexican hip hop">Mexican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_hip_hop" title="Salvadoran hip hop">Salvadoran</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Oceanian_hip_hop" title="Category:Oceanian hip hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Oceanian</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_hip_hop" title="Australian hip hop">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_hip_hop" title="New Zealand hip hop">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoan_hip_hop" title="Samoan hip hop">Samoan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/Category:South_American_hip_hop" title="Category:South American hip hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">South American</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_hip_hop" title="Brazilian hip hop">Brazilian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bras%C3%ADlia_hip_hop" title="Brasília hip hop">Brasília</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Chile#Hip_hop_and_rap" title="Music of Chile">Chilean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Colombia#Colombian_urban_and_hip-hop_music" title="Music of Colombia">Colombian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: darkblue; color: white;;width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auto-Tune" title="Auto-Tune">Auto-Tune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_R%26B" title="Contemporary R&B">Contemporary R&B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disc_jockey" title="Disc jockey">Disc jockey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DJ_mixer" title="DJ mixer">DJ mixer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonograph" title="Phonograph">Record player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turntablism" title="Turntablism">Turntablism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drum_machine" title="Drum machine">Drum machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_skit" title="Hip hop skit">Hip hop skit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_sequencer" title="Music sequencer">Music sequencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampler_(musical_instrument)" title="Sampler (musical instrument)">Sampler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_and_social_injustice" title="Hip hop and social injustice">Social injustice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthesizer" title="Synthesizer">Synthesizer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_vixen" title="Video vixen">Video vixen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partner_violence_in_hip_hop" title="Partner violence in hip hop">Partner violence in hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_representations_in_hip_hop_music" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT representations in hip hop music">LGBT representations in hip hop music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_activism_in_hip_hop" title="Feminist activism in hip hop">Feminist activism in hip hop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: darkblue; color: white;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Hip_hop" title="Category:Hip hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Category</span></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&oldid=1260737640">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&oldid=1260737640</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:South_Korean_hip_hop" title="Category:South Korean hip hop">South Korean hip hop</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_pages_needing_factual_verification" title="Category:All pages needing factual verification">All pages needing factual verification</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_factual_verification_from_September_2019" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from September 2019">Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from September 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_July_2023" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from July 2023">Articles with dead external links from July 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_with_style_issues_from_March_2020" title="Category:Wikipedia articles with style issues from March 2020">Wikipedia articles with style issues from March 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_style_issues" title="Category:All articles with style issues">All articles with style issues</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_neutral_point_of_view_disputes_from_March_2020" title="Category:Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes from March 2020">Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes from March 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_neutral_point_of_view_disputes" title="Category:All Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes">All Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_multiple_maintenance_issues" title="Category:Articles with multiple maintenance issues">Articles with multiple maintenance issues</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Korean-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Korean-language text">Articles containing Korean-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 2 December 2024, at 10:05<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Korean_hip_hop&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7c4dcdbb87-5rl9h","wgBackendResponseTime":171,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.245","walltime":"1.511","ppvisitednodes":{"value":8711,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":481425,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":109588,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":7,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":365024,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1240.704 1 -total"," 55.37% 686.931 1 Template:Reflist"," 18.03% 223.667 65 Template:Cite_web"," 15.83% 196.388 15 Template:Verify_source"," 15.31% 189.942 16 Template:Fix"," 11.05% 137.112 1 Template:Navboxes"," 10.53% 130.588 15 Template:Delink"," 9.73% 120.753 5 Template:Cite_journal"," 8.81% 109.337 1 Template:Short_description"," 8.55% 106.031 1 Template:Korean"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.769","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":16589414,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5857dfdcd6-r755m","timestamp":"20241203081905","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Korean hip hop","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Korean_hip_hop","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q6431989","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q6431989","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-05-30T01:52:43Z","dateModified":"2024-12-02T10:05:44Z","headline":"music genre or scene"}</script> </body> </html>