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fraction</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: void fraction"> <meta name="keywords" content="void fraction"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="void fraction"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1126</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: void fraction</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1096</span> Interaction Effects of Dietary Ginger, Zingiber Officinale, on Plasma Protein Fractions in Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus Mykiss</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Taheri%20Mirghaed">Ali Taheri Mirghaed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Ahani"> Sara Ahani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashkan%20Zargar"> Ashkan Zargar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyyed%20Morteza%20Hoseini"> Seyyed Morteza Hoseini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diseases are the major challenges in intensive aquaculture that cause significant annual losses. Antibiotic-therapy is a common way to control bacterial disease in fish, and oxytetracycline (OTC) is the only oral antibiotic in aquaculture approved FDA. OTC has been found to have negative effects on fish, such as oxidative stress and immune-suppression, thus, it is necessary to mitigate such effects. Medicinal herbs have various benefits on fish, including antioxidant, immunostimulant, and anti-microbial effects. Therefore, we hypothesized if dietary ginger meal (GM) interacts with dietary OTC by monitoring plasma protein fractions in rainbow trout. The study was conducted as a 2 × 2 factorial design, including diets containing 0 and 1% GM and 0 and 1.66 % OTC (corresponding to 100 mg/kg fish biomass per day). After ten days treating the fish (60 g individual weight) with these feeds, blood samples were taken from al treatments (n =3). Plasma was separated by centrifugation, and protein fractions were determined by electrophoresis. The results showed that OTC and GM had interaction effects on total protein (P<0.001), albumin (P<0.001), alpha-1 fraction (P=0.010), alpha-2 fraction (P=0.001), beta-2 fraction (P=0.014), and gamma fraction (P<0.001). Beta-1 fraction was significantly (P=0.030) affected by dietary GM. GM decreased plasma total protein, albumin, and beta-2 but increased beta-1 fraction. OTC significantly decreased total protein (P<0.001), albumin (P=0.001), alpha-2 fraction (P<0.001), beta-2 fraction (P=0.004), and gamma fraction (P<0.001) but had no significant effects on alpha-1 and beta-1 fractions. Dietary GM inhibited/suppressed the effects of dietary OTC on the plasma total protein and protein fractions. In conclusion, adding 1% GM to diet can mitigate the negative effects of dietary OTC on plasma proteins. Thus, GM may boost health of rainbow trout during the period of medication with OTC. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ginger" title="ginger">ginger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20protein%20electrophoresis" title=" plasma protein electrophoresis"> plasma protein electrophoresis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dietary%20additive" title=" dietary additive"> dietary additive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rainbow%20trout" title=" rainbow trout"> rainbow trout</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170310/interaction-effects-of-dietary-ginger-zingiber-officinale-on-plasma-protein-fractions-in-rainbow-trout-oncorhynchus-mykiss" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170310.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1095</span> Chemical Leaching of Metals from Landfill’s Fine Fraction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Balkauskait%C4%97">E. Balkauskaitė</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Bu%C4%8Dinskas"> A. Bučinskas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Ivanauskas"> R. Ivanauskas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Kriipsalu"> M. Kriipsalu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Denafas"> G. Denafas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Leaching of heavy metals (chromium, zinc, copper) from the fine fraction of the Torma landfill (Estonia) was investigated. The leaching kinetics studies have determined the dependence of some metal’s concentration on the leaching time. Metals were leached with Aqua Regia, distilled water and EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid); process was most intensive 2 hours after the start of the experiment, except for copper with EDTA (0.5 h) and lead with EDTA (4 h). During leaching, steady concentrations of Fe, Mn, Cd and Pb were fully stabilized after 8 h; however concentrations of Cu and Ni were not stabilized after 10 h. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fine%20fraction" title="fine fraction">fine fraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landfills" title=" landfills"> landfills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leached%20metals" title=" leached metals"> leached metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaching%20kinetics" title=" leaching kinetics"> leaching kinetics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112677/chemical-leaching-of-metals-from-landfills-fine-fraction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112677.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1094</span> Hepatoprotective Effect of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Ficus carica L. Leaves against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Toxicity in vitro and in vivo</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syeda%20Hira">Syeda Hira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Gulfraz"> Muhammad Gulfraz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Liver diseases cause serious health issues. Plants contain active compounds that significantly help in the treatment of various diseases. Ficus carica is traditionally used for the treatment of liver diseases. The purpose of the present study was the isolation and identification of active components from F.carica leaves which are responsible for hepatoprotective activity. Methods: The study was designed to identify the most active hepatoprotective sub-fraction from ethyl acetate fraction of Ficus carica by in vitro study and evaluation of its in vivo hepatoprotective effect in animal models. Ethyl acetate fraction was subjected to column, and a total of eight sub-fractions were obtained. In vitro, the hepatoprotective effect of all sub-fractions was determined on HepG2 cell lines. Toxicity was induced by CCl₄ (Carbon tetrachloride), and silymarin was used as a positive control. On the basis of the results, the most active sub-fraction was subjected to LC-MS and FT-IR analysis for the identification of bioactive compounds. In vivo, the hepatoprotective effect was determined in mice. Toxicity was induced by CCl₄; at the end of the experiment, biochemical parameters such as ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, and total protein were estimated in serum. Histopathology of liver tissues was also done. Results: Sub-fraction FVI exhibited significant (P<0.05) hepatoprotective activity as compared to other sub-fractions, which was almost similar to the standard drug silymarin. Six known bioactive compounds were identified from this sub-fraction after LC-MS analysis. In vivo, the hepatoprotective activity of sub-fraction FVI was evaluated in CCl₄-induced toxicated mice. Administration of CCl₄ significantly increased level of ALT (Alanine transaminase), AST (Aspartate aminotransferase), ALP (Alkaline phosphatase), and bilirubin and decreased the total protein. Treatment with sub-fraction FVI significantly (p<0.05) reversed the level of these biomarkers toward normal at both doses of 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg. Conclusion: Our findings confirmed the hepatoprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction of F.carica. It could be a good candidate for the development of a natural hepatoprotective drug; pre-clinical investigation on ethyl acetate fraction is recommended. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ficus%20carica" title="Ficus carica">Ficus carica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hepatoprotective" title=" hepatoprotective"> hepatoprotective</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CCl%E2%82%84" title=" CCl₄"> CCl₄</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioactive%20compounds" title=" bioactive compounds"> bioactive compounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liver%20markers" title=" liver markers"> liver markers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179236/hepatoprotective-effect-of-ethyl-acetate-fraction-of-ficus-carica-l-leaves-against-carbon-tetrachloride-induced-toxicity-in-vitro-and-in-vivo" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179236.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1093</span> Profiling, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Acacia decurrens (Willd) an Invasive South Africa Tree</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joe%20Modise">Joe Modise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bamidel%20Joseph%20Okoli"> Bamidel Joseph Okoli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nas%20Molefe"> Nas Molefe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imelda%20Ledwaba"> Imelda Ledwaba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study describes the chemical profile and antioxidant potential of the stem bark of Acacia decurrens. The methanol fraction of A. decurrens stem bark gave the highest yield (20 %), while the hexane fraction had the lowest yield (0.2 %). The GC-MS spectra of the hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions confirm the presence of fifty two major compounds and the ICP-OES analysis of the stem bark was found to contain Co(0.41), Zn(1.75), Mn(3.69), Ca(8.67), Ni(10.54), Mg(12.98), Cr(24.38), K(47.88), Fe(154.62) ppm; which is an indication of hyper-accumulation capacity. The UV-Visible spectra of showed four absorption maxima for hexane fraction at 665 (0.028), 410 (0.116), 335 (0.278) and 250 (0.007) nm, three for chloroform fraction at 665 (0.028), 335 (0.278) and 250 (0.007) nm , three for ethyl acetate fraction at 665 (0.070), 390 (0.648) and 345 (0.663) nm and three for methanol fraction at 385 (0.508), 310 (0.886) and 295 (0.899) nm respectively. Quantitative phytochemical screening indicated that the alkaloid (0.6-3.3) % and saponins (5.1-8.6) % contents of the various fractions were significantly lower than the tannin (30.9-55.8) mg TAE/g, steroid(13.92-41.2) %, phenol (40.6-65.5) mgGAE/g and flavonoids (210.2 -284.9) mg RUE/g contents. The antioxidant activity of the fractions was analysed by different methods and revealed good to moderate antioxidant potential with different IC50 values viz. (42.2-49.6) mg/mL for ABTS and (37.8-75.0) μg/ml for DPPH respectively, compared to standard antioxidants. Based on obtained results, the A.decurrens stem bark fractions can be a source of safe, sustainable natural antioxidant drug and can be exploited as a source of controlled green-heavy metal cleaner. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Acacia%20decurrens" title="Acacia decurrens">Acacia decurrens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title=" antioxidant"> antioxidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DPPH" title=" DPPH"> DPPH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ABTS" title=" ABTS"> ABTS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperaccumulation" title=" hyperaccumulation"> hyperaccumulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Menstruum" title=" Menstruum"> Menstruum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICP-OES" title=" ICP-OES"> ICP-OES</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GC-MS" title=" GC-MS"> GC-MS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UV%2Fvisible" title=" UV/visible"> UV/visible</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69369/profiling-antibacterial-and-antioxidant-activity-of-acacia-decurrens-willd-an-invasive-south-africa-tree" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69369.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">324</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1092</span> Quality Evaluation of Backfill Grout in Tunnel Boring Machine Tail Void Using Impact-Echo (IE): Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) Numerical Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ju-Young%20Choi">Ju-Young Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ki-Il%20Song"> Ki-Il Song</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyoung-Yul%20Kim"> Kyoung-Yul Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) tunnel excavation, backfill grout should be injected after the installation of segment lining to ensure the stability of the tunnel and to minimize ground deformation. If grouting is not sufficient to fill the gap between the segments and rock mass, hydraulic pressures occur in the void, which can negatively influence the stability of the tunnel. Recently the tendency to use TBM tunnelling method to replace the drill and blast(NATM) method is increasing. However, there are only a few studies of evaluation of backfill grout. This study evaluates the TBM tunnel backfill state using Impact-Echo(IE). 3-layers, segment-grout-rock mass, are simulated by FLAC 2D, FDM-based software. The signals obtained from numerical analysis and IE test are analyzed by Short-Time Fourier Transform(STFT) in time domain, frequency domain, and time-frequency domain. The result of this study can be used to evaluate the quality of backfill grouting in tail void. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tunnel%20boring%20machine" title="tunnel boring machine">tunnel boring machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=backfill%20grout" title=" backfill grout"> backfill grout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact-echo%20method" title=" impact-echo method"> impact-echo method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time-frequency%20domain%20analysis" title=" time-frequency domain analysis"> time-frequency domain analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20difference%20method" title=" finite difference method"> finite difference method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53362/quality-evaluation-of-backfill-grout-in-tunnel-boring-machine-tail-void-using-impact-echo-ie-short-time-fourier-transform-stft-numerical-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53362.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">266</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1091</span> Compression Index Estimation by Water Content and Liquid Limit and Void Ratio Using Statistics Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lizhou%20Chen">Lizhou Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhamid%20Belgaid"> Abdelhamid Belgaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Assem%20Elsayed"> Assem Elsayed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoming%20Yang"> Xiaoming Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Compression index is essential in foundation settlement calculation. The traditional method for determining compression index is consolidation test which is expensive and time consuming. Many researchers have used regression methods to develop empirical equations for predicting compression index from soil properties. Based on a large number of compression index data collected from consolidation tests, the accuracy of some popularly empirical equations were assessed. It was found that primary compression index is significantly overestimated in some equations while it is underestimated in others. The sensitivity analyses of soil parameters including water content, liquid limit and void ratio were performed. The results indicate that the compression index obtained from void ratio is most accurate. The ANOVA (analysis of variance) demonstrates that the equations with multiple soil parameters cannot provide better predictions than the equations with single soil parameter. In other words, it is not necessary to develop the relationships between compression index and multiple soil parameters. Meanwhile, it was noted that secondary compression index is approximately 0.7-5.0% of primary compression index with an average of 2.0%. In the end, the proposed prediction equations using power regression technique were provided that can provide more accurate predictions than those from existing equations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compression%20index" title="compression index">compression index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay" title=" clay"> clay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=settlement" title=" settlement"> settlement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consolidation" title=" consolidation"> consolidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secondary%20compression%20index" title=" secondary compression index"> secondary compression index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20parameter" title=" soil parameter"> soil parameter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111582/compression-index-estimation-by-water-content-and-liquid-limit-and-void-ratio-using-statistics-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111582.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1090</span> Thick Disc Molecular Gas Fraction in NGC 6946</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narendra%20Nath%20Patra">Narendra Nath Patra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Several recent studies reinforce the existence of a thick molecular disc in galaxies along with the dynamically cold thin disc. Assuming a two-component molecular disc, we model the disc of NGC 6946 as a four-component system consists of stars, HI, thin disc molecular gas, and thick disc molecular gas in vertical hydrostatic equilibrium. Following, we set up the joint Poisson-Boltzmann equation of hydrostatic equilibrium and solve it numerically to obtain a three-dimensional density distribution of different baryonic components. Using the density solutions and the observed rotation curve, we further build a three-dimensional dynamical model of the molecular disc and consecutively produce simulated CO spectral cube and spectral width profile. We find that the simulated spectral width profiles distinguishably differs for different assumed thick disc molecular gas fraction. Several CO spectral width profiles are then produced for different assumed thick disc molecular gas fractions and compared with the observed one to obtain the best fit thick disc molecular gas fraction profile. We find that the thick disc molecular gas fraction in NGC 6946 largely remains constant across its molecular disc with a mean value of 0.70 +/- 0.09. We also estimate the amount of extra-planar molecular gas in NGC 6946. We find 60% of the total molecular gas is extra-planar at the central region, whereas this fraction reduces to ~ 35% at the edge of the molecular disc. With our method, for the first time, we estimate the thick disc molecular gas fraction as a function of radius in an external galaxy with sub-kpc resolution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=galaxies%3A%20kinematics%20and%20dynamic" title="galaxies: kinematics and dynamic">galaxies: kinematics and dynamic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=galaxies%3A%20spiral" title=" galaxies: spiral"> galaxies: spiral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=galaxies%3A%20structure" title=" galaxies: structure "> galaxies: structure </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ISM%3A%20molecules" title=" ISM: molecules"> ISM: molecules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20data" title=" molecular data"> molecular data</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123278/thick-disc-molecular-gas-fraction-in-ngc-6946" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123278.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1089</span> The Influence of Fiber Volume Fraction on Thermal Conductivity of Pultruded Profile</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Luk%C3%A1%C5%A1ov%C3%A1">V. Lukášová</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Peukert"> P. Peukert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Votrubec"> V. Votrubec</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermal conductivity in the x, y and z-directions was measured on a pultruded profile that was manufactured by the technology of pulling from glass fibers and a polyester matrix. The results of measurements of thermal conductivity showed considerable variability in different directions. The caused variability in thermal conductivity was expected due fraction variations. The cross-section of the pultruded profile was scanned. An image analysis illustrated an uneven distribution of the fibers and the matrix in the cross-section. The distribution of these inequalities was processed into a Voronoi diagram in the observed area of the pultruded profile cross-section. In order to verify whether the variation of the fiber volume fraction in the pultruded profile can affect its thermal conductivity, the numerical simulations in the ANSYS Fluent were performed. The simulation was based on the geometry reconstructed from image analysis. The aim is to quantify thermal conductivity numerically. Above all, images with different volume fractions were chosen. The results of the measured thermal conductivity were compared with the calculated thermal conductivity. The evaluated data proved a strong correlation between volume fraction and thermal conductivity of the pultruded profile. Based on presented results, a modification of production technology may be proposed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pultrusion%20profile" title="pultrusion profile">pultrusion profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volume%20fraction" title=" volume fraction"> volume fraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20conductivity" title=" thermal conductivity"> thermal conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52483/the-influence-of-fiber-volume-fraction-on-thermal-conductivity-of-pultruded-profile" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52483.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1088</span> Concrete-Wall-Climbing Testing Robot</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Tokuomi">S. Tokuomi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Mori"> K. Mori</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Tsuruzono"> Y. Tsuruzono</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A concrete-wall-climbing testing robot, has been developed. This robot adheres and climbs concrete walls using two sets of suction cups, as well as being able to rotate by the use of the alternating motion of the suction cups. The maximum climbing speed is about 60 cm/min. Each suction cup has a pressure sensor, which monitors the adhesion of each suction cup. The impact acoustic method is used in testing concrete walls. This robot has an impact acoustic device and four microphones for the acquisition of the impact sound. The effectiveness of the impact acoustic system was tested by applying it to an inspection of specimens with artificial circular void defects. A circular void defect with a diameter of 200 mm at a depth of 50 mm was able to be detected. The weight and the dimensions of the robot are about 17 kg and 1.0 m by 1.3 m, respectively. The upper limit of testing is about 10 m above the ground due to the length of the power cable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20wall" title="concrete wall">concrete wall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nondestructive%20testing" title=" nondestructive testing"> nondestructive testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climbing%20robot" title=" climbing robot"> climbing robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20acoustic%20method" title=" impact acoustic method"> impact acoustic method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20598/concrete-wall-climbing-testing-robot" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20598.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">659</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1087</span> Evaluation of Ultrasonic Techniques for the Estimation of Air Voids in Asphalt Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Zargar">Majid Zargar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frank%20Bullen"> Frank Bullen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ron%20Ayers"> Ron Ayers</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the important factors in the design of asphalt concrete mixes is the accurate measurement of air voids and their variable distribution. Both can have significant impact on long and short term fatigue and creep behaviour under traffic. While some simple methods exist for overall evaluation of air voids, measuring air void distribution in asphalt concrete is very complex, involving expensive techniques such as X-ray methodologies. The research reported in the paper investigated the use of non-destructive ultrasonic techniques as an alternative to estimate the amount of air voids and their distribution within asphalt samples. Seventy-four Standard AC–14 asphalt samples made with three types of bitumen; Multigrade, PMB and C320 were analysed using ultrasonic techniques. The results have illustrated that ultrasonic testing has the potential of being a rapid, accurate and cost-effective method of estimating air void distribution in asphalt. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asphalt%20concrete" title="asphalt concrete">asphalt concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20voids" title=" air voids"> air voids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic" title=" ultrasonic"> ultrasonic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20behaviour" title=" mechanical behaviour"> mechanical behaviour</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59847/evaluation-of-ultrasonic-techniques-for-the-estimation-of-air-voids-in-asphalt-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59847.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1086</span> Antimicrobial Activity of Ilex paraguariensis Sub-Fractions after Liquid-Liquid Partitioning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabah%20El-Sawalhi">Sabah El-Sawalhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elie%20Fayad"> Elie Fayad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roula%20M.%20Abdel-Massih"> Roula M. Abdel-Massih</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ilex paraguariensis (Yerba Mate) is a medium to large tree commonly consumed by South Americans. Its leaves and stems are associated with different biological activities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Yerba Mate against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains and its action against some resistant bacteria with different resistance profiles. Yerba Mate aqueous extracts were prepared at 70°C for 2 hrs, and the microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Gram-positive bacteria exhibited a stronger antibacterial activity (MIC ranged between 0.468 mg/mL and 15 mg/mL) than Gram-negative bacteria. Yerba Mate was also extracted with acetone: water (1:1) and then further sub-fractionated with hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. MIC values against Staphylococcus aureus ranged from 0.78 to 2.5 mg/ml for the chloroform fraction, from 1.56 to 3.75 mg/ml for the ethyl acetate fraction, and 0.78 to 1.87 mg/ml for the water fraction. The water fraction also exhibited antibacterial activity against Salmonella species (MIC ranged from 1.56 mg/ml to 3.12 mg/ml). The water fraction exhibited the highest antibacterial activity among all the fractions obtained. More studies are needed to determine the molecule or molecules responsible for this activity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial%20activity" title="antibacterial activity">antibacterial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacterial%20resistance" title=" bacterial resistance"> bacterial resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimum%20inhibitory%20concentration" title=" minimum inhibitory concentration"> minimum inhibitory concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yerba%20mate" title=" yerba mate"> yerba mate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108341/antimicrobial-activity-of-ilex-paraguariensis-sub-fractions-after-liquid-liquid-partitioning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108341.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1085</span> Analysis of Caffeic Acid from Myrica nagi Leaves by High Performance Liquid Chromatography </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Preeti%20Panthari">Preeti Panthari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harsha%20Kharkwal"> Harsha Kharkwal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Myrica nagi belongs to Myricaceae family. It is known for its therapeutic use since ancient times. The leaves were extracted with methanol and further fractioned with different solvents with increasing polarity. The n-butanol fraction of methanol extract was passed through celite, on separation through silica gel column chromatography yielded ten fractions. For the first time we report isolation of Caffeic acid from n-butanol fraction of Myrica nagi leaves in Chloroform: methanol (70:30) fraction. The mobile phase used for analysis in HPLC was Methanol: water (60:40) at the flow rate of 1 ml/min at wavelength of 280 nm. The retention time was 2.66 mins. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Myrica%20nagi" title="Myrica nagi">Myrica nagi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=column%20chromatography" title=" column chromatography"> column chromatography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retention%20time" title=" retention time"> retention time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caffeic%20acid" title=" caffeic acid"> caffeic acid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18957/analysis-of-caffeic-acid-from-myrica-nagi-leaves-by-high-performance-liquid-chromatography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18957.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">553</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1084</span> A Wall Law for Two-Phase Turbulent Boundary Layers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dhahri%20Maher">Dhahri Maher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aouinet%20Hana"> Aouinet Hana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The presence of bubbles in the boundary layer introduces corrections into the log law, which must be taken into account. In this work, a logarithmic wall law was presented for bubbly two phase flows. The wall law presented in this work was based on the postulation of additional turbulent viscosity associated with bubble wakes in the boundary layer. The presented wall law contained empirical constant accounting both for shear induced turbulence interaction and for non-linearity of bubble. This constant was deduced from experimental data. The wall friction prediction achieved with the wall law was compared to the experimental data, in the case of a turbulent boundary layer developing on a vertical flat plate in the presence of millimetric bubbles. A very good agreement between experimental and numerical wall friction prediction was verified. The agreement was especially noticeable for the low void fraction when bubble induced turbulence plays a significant role. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bubbly%20flows" title="bubbly flows">bubbly flows</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=log%20law" title=" log law"> log law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20layer" title=" boundary layer"> boundary layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64652/a-wall-law-for-two-phase-turbulent-boundary-layers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64652.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">278</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1083</span> Effects of Different Thermal Processing Routes and Their Parameters on the Formation of Voids in PA6 Bonded Aluminum Joints</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Irfan">Muhammad Irfan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guillermo%20Requena"> Guillermo Requena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Haubrich"> Jan Haubrich</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Adhesively bonded aluminum joints are common in automotive and aircraft industries and are one of the enablers of lightweight construction to minimize the carbon emissions during transportation for a sustainable life. This study is focused on the effects of two thermal processing routes, i.e., by direct and induction heating, and their parameters on void formation in PA6 bonded aluminum EN-AW6082 joints. The joints were characterized microanalytically as well as by lap shear experiments. The aging resistance of the joints was studied by accelerated aging tests at 80°C hot water. It was found that the processing of single lap joints by direct heating in a convection oven causes the formation of a large number of voids in the bond line. The formation of voids in the convection oven was due to longer processing times and was independent of any surface pretreatments of the metal as well as the processing temperature. However, when processing at low temperatures, a large number of small-sized voids were observed under the optical microscope, and they were larger in size but reduced in numbers at higher temperatures. An induction heating process was developed, which not only successfully reduced or eliminated the voids in PA6 bonded joints but also reduced the processing times for joining significantly. Consistent with the trend in direct heating, longer processing times and higher temperatures in induction heating also led to an increased formation of voids in the bond line. Subsequent single lap shear tests revealed that the increasing void contents led to a 21% reduction in lap shear strengths (i.e., from ~47 MPa for induction heating to ~37 MPa for direct heating). Also, there was a 17% reduction in lap shear strengths when the consolidation temperature was raised from 220˚C to 300˚C during induction heating. However, below a certain threshold of void contents, there was no observable effect on the lap shear strengths as well as on hydrothermal aging resistance of the joints consolidated by the induction heating process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesive" title="adhesive">adhesive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminium" title=" aluminium"> aluminium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convection%20oven" title=" convection oven"> convection oven</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=induction%20heating" title=" induction heating"> induction heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nylon6%20%28PA6%29" title=" nylon6 (PA6)"> nylon6 (PA6)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pretreatment" title=" pretreatment"> pretreatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=void" title=" void"> void</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113926/effects-of-different-thermal-processing-routes-and-their-parameters-on-the-formation-of-voids-in-pa6-bonded-aluminum-joints" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113926.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1082</span> Thickness Measurement and Void Detection in Concrete Elements through Ultrasonic Pulse</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leonel%20Lipa%20Cusi">Leonel Lipa Cusi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enrique%20Nestor%20Pasquel%20Carbajal"> Enrique Nestor Pasquel Carbajal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Marina%20Navarro%20Alvarado"> Laura Marina Navarro Alvarado</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Del%20%C3%81lamo%20Carazas"> José Del Álamo Carazas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research analyses the accuracy of the ultrasound and the pulse echo ultrasound technic to find voids and to measure thickness of concrete elements. These mentioned air voids are simulated by polystyrene expanded and hollow containers of thin thickness made of plastic or cardboard of different sizes and shapes. These targets are distributed strategically inside concrete at different depths. For this research, a shear wave pulse echo ultrasonic device of 50 KHz is used to scan the concrete elements. Despite the small measurements of the concrete elements and because of voids’ size are near the half of the wavelength, pre and post processing steps like voltage, gain, SAFT, envelope and time compensation were made in order to improve imaging results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic" title="ultrasonic">ultrasonic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title=" concrete"> concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thickness" title=" thickness"> thickness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulse%20echo" title=" pulse echo"> pulse echo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=void" title=" void"> void</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68618/thickness-measurement-and-void-detection-in-concrete-elements-through-ultrasonic-pulse" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68618.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">330</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1081</span> Semiautomatic Calculation of Ejection Fraction Using Echocardiographic Image Processing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diana%20Pombo">Diana Pombo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Loaiza"> Maria Loaiza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mauricio%20Quijano"> Mauricio Quijano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alberto%20Cadena"> Alberto Cadena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20Pablo%20Tello"> Juan Pablo Tello</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present a semi-automatic tool for calculating ejection fraction from an echocardiographic video signal which is derived from a database in DICOM format, of Clinica de la Costa - Barranquilla. Described in this paper are each of the steps and methods used to find the respective calculation that includes acquisition and formation of the test samples, processing and finally the calculation of the parameters to obtain the ejection fraction. Two imaging segmentation methods were compared following a methodological framework that is similar only in the initial stages of processing (process of filtering and image enhancement) and differ in the end when algorithms are implemented (Active Contour and Region Growing Algorithms). The results were compared with the measurements obtained by two different medical specialists in cardiology who calculated the ejection fraction of the study samples using the traditional method, which consists of drawing the region of interest directly from the computer using echocardiography equipment and a simple equation to calculate the desired value. The results showed that if the quality of video samples are good (i.e., after the pre-processing there is evidence of an improvement in the contrast), the values provided by the tool are substantially close to those reported by physicians; also the correlation between physicians does not vary significantly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=echocardiography" title="echocardiography">echocardiography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DICOM" title=" DICOM"> DICOM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=processing" title=" processing"> processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=segmentation" title=" segmentation"> segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EDV" title=" EDV"> EDV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ESV" title=" ESV"> ESV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ejection%20fraction" title=" ejection fraction"> ejection fraction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2710/semiautomatic-calculation-of-ejection-fraction-using-echocardiographic-image-processing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2710.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">426</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1080</span> Estimation of Shear Wave Velocity from Cone Penetration Test for Structured Busan Clays</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinod%20K.%20Singh">Vinod K. Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20G.%20Chung"> S. G. Chung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The degree of structuration of Busan clays at the mouth of Nakdong River mouth was highly influenced by the depositional environment, i.e., flow of the river stream, marine regression, and transgression during the sedimentation process. As a result, the geotechnical properties also varies along the depth with change in degree of structuration. Thus, the in-situ tests such as cone penetration test (CPT) could not be used to predict various geotechnical properties properly by using the conventional empirical methods. In this paper, the shear wave velocity (Vs) was measured from the field using the seismic dilatometer. The Vs was also measured in the laboratory from high quality undisturbed and remolded samples using bender element method to evaluate the degree of structuration. The degree of structuration was quantitatively defined by the modulus ratio of undisturbed to remolded soil samples which is found well correlated with the normalized void ratio (e0/eL) where eL is the void ratio at the liquid limit. It is revealed that the empirical method based on laboratory results incorporating e0/eL can predict Vs from the field more accurately. Thereafter, the CPT based empirical method was developed to estimate the shear wave velocity taking the effect of structuration in the consideration. The developed method was found to predict shear wave velocity reasonably for Busan clays. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=level%20of%20structuration" title="level of structuration">level of structuration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normalized%20modulus" title=" normalized modulus"> normalized modulus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normalized%20void%20ratio" title=" normalized void ratio"> normalized void ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20wave%20velocity" title=" shear wave velocity"> shear wave velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=site%20characterization" title=" site characterization"> site characterization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80527/estimation-of-shear-wave-velocity-from-cone-penetration-test-for-structured-busan-clays" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80527.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">235</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1079</span> Effect of Modeling of Hydraulic Form Loss Coefficient to Break on Emergency Core Coolant Bypass </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20S.%20Bang">Young S. Bang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong%20H.%20Yoon"> Dong H. Yoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung%20H.%20Yoo"> Seung H. Yoo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Emergency Core Coolant Bypass (ECC Bypass) has been regarded as an important phenomenon to peak cladding temperature of large-break loss-of-coolant-accidents (LBLOCA) in nuclear power plants (NPP). A modeling scheme to address the ECC Bypass phenomena and the calculation of LBLOCA using that scheme are discussed in the present paper. A hydraulic form loss coefficient (HFLC) from the reactor vessel downcomer to the broken cold leg is predicted by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code with a variation of the void fraction incoming from the downcomer. The maximum, mean, and minimum values of FLC are derived from the CFD results and are incorporated into the LBLOCA calculation using a system thermal-hydraulic code, MARS-KS. As a relevant parameter addressing the ECC Bypass phenomena, the FLC to the break and its range are proposed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD%20analysis" title="CFD analysis">CFD analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ECC%20bypass" title=" ECC bypass"> ECC bypass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydraulic%20form%20loss%20coefficient" title=" hydraulic form loss coefficient"> hydraulic form loss coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20thermal-hydraulic%20code" title=" system thermal-hydraulic code"> system thermal-hydraulic code</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89587/effect-of-modeling-of-hydraulic-form-loss-coefficient-to-break-on-emergency-core-coolant-bypass" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89587.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">230</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1078</span> Research of Acoustic Propagation within Marine Riser in Deepwater Drilling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaohui%20Wang">Xiaohui Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhichuan%20Guan"> Zhichuan Guan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roman%20Shor"> Roman Shor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chuanbin%20Xu"> Chuanbin Xu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Early monitoring and real-time quantitative description of gas intrusion under the premise of ensuring the integrity of the drilling fluid circulation system will greatly improve the accuracy and effectiveness of deepwater gas-kick monitoring. Therefore, in order to study the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic waves in the gas-liquid two-phase flow within the marine riser, in this paper, a numerical simulation method of ultrasonic propagation in the annulus of the riser was established, and the credibility of the numerical analysis was verified by the experimental results of the established gas intrusion monitoring simulation experimental device. The numerical simulation can solve the sound field in the gas-liquid two-phase flow according to different physical models, and it is easier to realize the single factor control. The influence of each parameter on the received signal can be quantitatively investigated, and the law with practical guiding significance can be obtained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas-kick%20detection" title="gas-kick detection">gas-kick detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic" title=" ultrasonic"> ultrasonic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=void%20fraction" title=" void fraction"> void fraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coda%20wave%20velocity" title=" coda wave velocity"> coda wave velocity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103466/research-of-acoustic-propagation-within-marine-riser-in-deepwater-drilling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103466.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1077</span> Evaluation of Critical State Behavior of Granular Soil in Confined Compression Tests</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabia%20Chaudhry">Rabia Chaudhry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Dawson"> Andrew Dawson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Identification of steady/critical state of coarse granular soil is challenging at conventional pressures. This study examines the drained and undrained triaxial tests for large strains on loose to dense, uniformly graded, Leighton Buzzard Fraction A sand. The triaxial tests are conducted under controlled test conditions. The comparison of soil behavior on shear strength characteristics at different effective stresses has been studied at the medium to large strains levels and the uniqueness of the critical state was discussed. The test results showed that there were two steady/critical state lines for drained and undrained conditions at confining pressures less than 1000 kPa. A critical state friction angle is not constant and the overall scatter in the steady/critical state line for the tested sand is ±0.01 in terms of void ratio at stress levels less than 1000 kPa. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20state" title="critical state">critical state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress%20strain%20behavior" title=" stress strain behavior"> stress strain behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fabric%2Fstructure" title=" fabric/structure"> fabric/structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triaxial%20tests" title=" triaxial tests"> triaxial tests</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77568/evaluation-of-critical-state-behavior-of-granular-soil-in-confined-compression-tests" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77568.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">412</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1076</span> Numerical Study of Natural Convection of a Localized Heat Source at the up of a Nanofluid-Filled Enclosure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marziyeh%20Heydari">Marziyeh Heydari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Shokouhmand"> Hossein Shokouhmand </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article presents a numerical study of natural convection of a heat source embedded on the up wall of an enclosure filled with nanofluid. The bottom and vertical walls of the enclosure are maintained at a relatively low temperature. The type of nanofluid and solid volume fraction of nanoparticle on the heat transfer performance is studied. The results indicated that adding nanoparticle into pure paraffin improves heat transfer. The results are presented over a wide range of Rayleigh numbers(Ra=〖10〗^3 〖-10〗^5), the volume fraction of nanoparticles (0≤ɸ≤0.4%). For an enclosure, the Nusselt number of a cu-paraffin nanofluid was reduced by increasing the volume fraction of nanoparticles above 0.2%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofluid" title="nanofluid">nanofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20source" title=" heat source"> heat source</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enclosure" title=" enclosure"> enclosure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40233/numerical-study-of-natural-convection-of-a-localized-heat-source-at-the-up-of-a-nanofluid-filled-enclosure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40233.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1075</span> An Object-Oriented Modelica Model of the Water Level Swell during Depressurization of the Reactor Pressure Vessel of the Boiling Water Reactor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafal%20Bryk">Rafal Bryk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Holger%20Schmidt"> Holger Schmidt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Mull"> Thomas Mull</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ingo%20Ganzmann"> Ingo Ganzmann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oliver%20Herbst"> Oliver Herbst </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Prediction of the two-phase water mixture level during fast depressurization of the Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) resulting from an accident scenario is an important issue from the view point of the reactor safety. Since the level swell may influence the behavior of some passive safety systems, it has been recognized that an assumption which at the beginning may be considered as a conservative one, not necessary leads to a conservative result. This paper discusses outcomes obtained during simulations of the water dynamics and heat transfer during sudden depressurization of a vessel filled up to a certain level with liquid water under saturation conditions and with the rest of the vessel occupied by saturated steam. In case of the pressure decrease e.g. due to the main steam line break, the liquid water evaporates abruptly, being a reason thereby, of strong transients in the vessel. These transients and the sudden emergence of void in the region occupied at the beginning by liquid, cause elevation of the two-phase mixture. In this work, several models calculating the water collapse and swell levels are presented and validated against experimental data. Each of the models uses different approach to calculate void fraction. The object-oriented models were developed with the Modelica modelling language and the OpenModelica environment. The models represent the RPV of the Integral Test Facility Karlstein (INKA) – a dedicated test rig for simulation of KERENA – a new Boiling Water Reactor design of Framatome. The models are based on dynamic mass and energy equations. They are divided into several dynamic volumes in each of which, the fluid may be single-phase liquid, steam or a two-phase mixture. The heat transfer between the wall of the vessel and the fluid is taken into account. Additional heat flow rate may be applied to the first volume of the vessel in order to simulate the decay heat of the reactor core in a similar manner as it is simulated at INKA. The comparison of the simulations results against the reference data shows a good agreement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boiling%20water%20reactor" title="boiling water reactor">boiling water reactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=level%20swell" title=" level swell"> level swell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Modelica" title=" Modelica"> Modelica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RPV%20depressurization" title=" RPV depressurization"> RPV depressurization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal-hydraulics" title=" thermal-hydraulics"> thermal-hydraulics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88936/an-object-oriented-modelica-model-of-the-water-level-swell-during-depressurization-of-the-reactor-pressure-vessel-of-the-boiling-water-reactor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88936.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">210</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1074</span> One Dimensional Reactor Modeling for Methanol Steam Reforming to Hydrogen</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hongfang%20Ma">Hongfang Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mingchuan%20Zhou"> Mingchuan Zhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haitao%20Zhang"> Haitao Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weiyong%20Ying"> Weiyong Ying</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One dimensional pseudo-homogenous modeling has been performed for methanol steam reforming reactor. The results show that the models can well predict the industrial data. The reactor had minimum temperature along axial because of endothermic reaction. Hydrogen productions and temperature profiles along axial were investigated regarding operation conditions such as inlet mass flow rate and mass fraction of methanol, inlet temperature of external thermal oil. Low inlet mass flow rate of methanol, low inlet temperature, and high mass fraction of methanol decreased minimum temperature along axial. Low inlet mass flow rate of methanol, high mass fraction of methanol, and high inlet temperature of thermal oil made cold point forward. Low mass fraction, high mass flow rate, and high inlet temperature of thermal oil increased hydrogen production. One dimensional models can be a guide for industrial operation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactor" title="reactor">reactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methanol" title=" methanol"> methanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steam%20reforming" title=" steam reforming"> steam reforming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86646/one-dimensional-reactor-modeling-for-methanol-steam-reforming-to-hydrogen" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86646.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1073</span> Chemical Oxygen Demand Fractionation of Primary Wastewater Effluent for Process Optimization and Modelling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thandeka%20Y.%20S.%20Jwara">Thandeka Y. S. Jwara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Musonge"> Paul Musonge</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Traditionally, the complexity associated with implementing and controlling biological nutrient removal (BNR) in wastewater works (WWW) has been primarily in terms of balancing competing requirements for nitrogen and phosphorus removal, particularly with respect to the use of influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) as a carbon source for the microorganisms. Successful BNR optimization and modelling using WEST (Worldwide Engine for Simulation and Training) depend largely on the accurate fractionation of the influent COD. The different COD fractions have differing effects on the BNR process, and therefore, the influent characteristics need to be well understood. This study presents the fractionation results of primary wastewater effluent COD at one of South Africa’s wastewater works treating 65ML/day of mixed industrial and domestic effluent. The method used for COD fractionation was the oxygen uptake rate/respirometry method. The breakdown of the results of the analysis is as follows: 70.5% biodegradable COD (bCOD) and 29.5% of non-biodegradable COD (iCOD) in terms of the total COD. Further fractionation led to a readily biodegradable soluble fraction (SS) of 75%, a slowly degradable particulate fraction (XS) of 24%, a particulate non-biodegradable fraction (XI) of 50.8% and a non-biodegradable soluble fraction (SI) of 49.2%. The fractionation results demonstrate that the primary effluent has good COD characteristics, as shown by the high level of the bCOD fraction with Ss being higher than Xs. This means that the microorganisms have sufficient substrate for the BNR process and that these components can now serve as inputs to the WEST Model for the plant under study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20oxygen%20demand" title="chemical oxygen demand">chemical oxygen demand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COD%20fractionation" title=" COD fractionation"> COD fractionation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20modelling" title=" wastewater modelling"> wastewater modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20optimization" title=" wastewater optimization"> wastewater optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117893/chemical-oxygen-demand-fractionation-of-primary-wastewater-effluent-for-process-optimization-and-modelling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117893.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1072</span> Tracking of Linarin from the Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) Seeds Using Preparative High Performance Liquid Chromatography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asep%20Sukohar">Asep Sukohar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramadhan%20Triyandi"> Ramadhan Triyandi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Iqbal"> Muhammad Iqbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahidin"> Sahidin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suharyani"> Suharyani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Resveratrol is a class of bioactive chemicals found in melinjo, which has a wide range of biological actions. The purpose of this study is to determine the linarin content of the melinjo fraksi by using preparative-high-performance liquid chromatography (prep-HPLC). Method: Extraction used the soxhletation method with 96% ethanol solvent. Fractionation used ethyl acetate and ethanol in a ratio of 1:1. Tracing of linarin compound used prep-HPLC with a mobile phase ratio of distilled water: methanol (55: 45, v/v). The presence of linarin was detected using a wavelength of 215 nm. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) was used to identify the functional groups of compound. Result: The retention time required to elute the ethyl acetate fraction was 2.601 minutes. Compound separation identification using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy - Quest Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR - QATR) has a similarity value range with standards from 0 to 1000. The elution results of the ethyl acetate fraction have similar values with the standard compounds linarin (668), resveratrol (578), and catechin (455). Conclusion: Tracing for active compound in the ethyl acetate fraction of Gnetum Gnemon L. using prep-HPLC showed a strong suspicion of the presence of linarin compound. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gnetum%20gnemon%20L." title="Gnetum gnemon L.">Gnetum gnemon L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linarin" title=" linarin"> linarin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prep-HPLC" title=" prep-HPLC"> prep-HPLC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fraction%20ethyl%20acetate" title=" fraction ethyl acetate"> fraction ethyl acetate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171258/tracking-of-linarin-from-the-ethyl-acetate-fraction-of-melinjo-gnetum-gnemon-l-seeds-using-preparative-high-performance-liquid-chromatography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171258.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1071</span> Topology Optimization of Structures with Web-Openings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20K.%20Lee">D. K. Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Shin"> S. M. Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20H.%20Lee"> J. H. Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Topology optimization technique utilizes constant element densities as design parameters. Finally, optimal distribution contours of the material densities between voids (0) and solids (1) in design domain represent the determination of topology. It means that regions with element density values become occupied by solids in design domain, while there are only void phases in regions where no density values exist. Therefore the void regions of topology optimization results provide design information to decide appropriate depositions of web-opening in structure. Contrary to the basic objective of the topology optimization technique which is to obtain optimal topology of structures, this present study proposes a new idea that topology optimization results can be also utilized for decision of proper web-opening’s position. Numerical examples of linear elastostatic structures demonstrate efficiency of methodological design processes using topology optimization in order to determinate the proper deposition of web-openings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=topology%20optimization" title="topology optimization">topology optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web-opening" title=" web-opening"> web-opening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structure" title=" structure"> structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=element%20density" title=" element density"> element density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=material" title=" material "> material </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12450/topology-optimization-of-structures-with-web-openings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12450.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">472</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1070</span> Antimutagenic Activity of a Protein, Lectin Fraction from Urtica Dioica L.</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nijole%20Savickiene">Nijole Savickiene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonella%20Di%20Sotto"> Antonella Di Sotto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriela%20Mazzanti"> Gabriela Mazzanti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasa%20Starselskyte"> Rasa Starselskyte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Silvia%20Di%20Giacomo"> Silvia Di Giacomo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Annabella%20Vitalone"> Annabella Vitalone</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Plant lectins are non-enzymic and non-immune origin proteins that specifically recognize and bind to various sugar structures and possess the activity to agglutinate cells and/or precipitate polysaccharides and glycoconjugates. The emerging evidences showed that plant lectins contribute not only to tumour cell recognition but also to cell adhesion and localization, to signal transduction, to mitogenic cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Among chitin-binding lectins, the Urtica dioica agglutinin (UDA), which is a complex of different isoforms, has been poorly studied for its biological activity. In this context and according to the increasing interest for lectins as novel antitumor drugs, present paper aimed at evaluating the potential antimutagenic activity of a lectin-like glycoprotein-enriched fraction from aerial part of Urtica dioica L. Aim: to evaluate the potential chemopreventive properties of a protein - lectin fraction from the aerial part of Urtica dioica. Materials and methods: Protein – lectin fraction has been tested for the antimutagenic activity in bacteria (50–800 mg/plate; Ames test by the preincubation method) and for the cytotoxicity on human hepatoma HepG2 cells (0.06–2 mg/mL; 24 and 48 h incubation). Results: Protein – lectin fraction from stinging nettle was not cytotoxic on HepG2 cells up to 2 mg/mL; conversely, it exhibited a strong antimutagenic activity against the mutagen 2-aminoanthracene (2AA) in all strains tested (maximum inhibition of 56.78 and 61% in TA98, TA100, and WP2uvrA strains, respectively, at 800 mg/plate). Discussion and conclusions: Protein – lectin fraction from Urtica dioica L. possesses antimutagenic and radical scavenging properties. Being 2AA a pro-carcinogenic agent, we hypothesize that the antimutagenicity of it can be due to the inhibition of CYP450-isoenzymes, involved in the mutagen bioactivation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lectins" title="lectins">lectins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimutagenicity" title=" antimutagenicity"> antimutagenicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemoprevention" title=" chemoprevention"> chemoprevention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Urtica%20dioica" title=" Urtica dioica "> Urtica dioica </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27253/antimutagenic-activity-of-a-protein-lectin-fraction-from-urtica-dioica-l" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27253.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">426</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1069</span> Efficacy of Heart Failure Reversal Treatment Followed by 90 Days Follow up in Chronic Heart Failure Patients with Low Ejection Fraction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohit%20Sane">Rohit Sane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Snehal%20Dongre"> Snehal Dongre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pravin%20Ghadigaonkar"> Pravin Ghadigaonkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahul%20Mandole"> Rahul Mandole</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study was designed to evaluate efficacy of heart failure reversal therapy (HFRT) that uses herbal procedure (panchakarma) and allied therapies, in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients with low ejection fraction. Methods: This efficacy study was conducted in CHF patients (aged: 25-65 years, ejection fraction (EF) < 30%) wherein HFRT (60-75 minutes) consisting of snehana (external oleation), swedana (passive heat therapy), hrudaydhara(concoction dripping treatment) and basti(enema) was administered twice daily for 7 days. During this therapy and next 30 days, patients followed the study dinarcharya and were prescribed ARJ kadha in addition to their conventional treatment. The primary endpoint of this study was evaluation of maximum aerobic capacity uptake (MAC) as assessed by 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) using Cahalins equation from baseline, at end of 7 day treatment, follow-up after 30 days and 90 days. EF was assessed by 2D Echo at baseline and after 30 days of follow-up. Results: CHF patients with < 30% EF (N=52, mean [SD] age: 58.8 [10.8], 85% men) were enrolled in the study. There was a 100% compliance to study therapy. A significant improvement was observed in MAC levels (7.11%, p =0.029), at end of 7 day therapy as compared to baseline. This improvement was maintained at two follow-up visits. Moreover, ejection fraction was observed to be increased by 6.38%, p=0,012 as compared to baseline at day 7 of the therapy. Conclusions: This 90 day follow up study highlights benefit of HFRT, as a part of maintenance treatment for CHF patients with reduced ejection fraction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20heart%20failure" title="chronic heart failure">chronic heart failure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20capacity" title=" functional capacity"> functional capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heart%20failure%20reversal%20therapy" title=" heart failure reversal therapy"> heart failure reversal therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxygen%20uptake" title=" oxygen uptake"> oxygen uptake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=panchakarma" title=" panchakarma"> panchakarma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80349/efficacy-of-heart-failure-reversal-treatment-followed-by-90-days-follow-up-in-chronic-heart-failure-patients-with-low-ejection-fraction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80349.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1068</span> Stabilization of Clay Soil Using A-3 Soil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Mustapha%20Alhaji">Mohammed Mustapha Alhaji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadiku%20Salawu"> Sadiku Salawu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A clay soil which classified under A-7-6 soil according to AASHTO soil classification system and CH according to the unified soil classification system was stabilized using A-3 soil (AASHTO soil classification system). The clay soil was replaced with 0%, 10%, 20% to 100% A-3 soil, compacted at both the BSL and BSH compaction energy level and using unconfined compressive strength as evaluation criteria. The MDD of the compactions at both the BSL and BSH compaction energy levels showed increase in MDD from 0% A-3 soil replacement to 40% A-3 soil replacement after which the values reduced to 100% A-3 soil replacement. The trend of the OMC with varied A-3 soil replacement is similar to that of MDD but in a reversed order. The OMC reduced from 0% A-3 soil replacement to 40% A-3 soil replacement after which the values increased to 100% A-3 soil replacement. This trend was attributed to the observed reduction in the void ratio from 0% A-3 soil replacement to 40% A-3 soil replacement after which the void ratio increased to 100% A-3 soil replacement. The maximum UCS for clay at varied A-3 soil replacement increased from 272 and 770kN/m2 for BSL and BSH compaction energy level at 0% A-3 soil replacement to 295 and 795kN/m2 for BSL and BSH compaction energy level respectively at 10% A-3 soil replacement after which the values reduced to 22 and 60kN/m2 for BSL and BSH compaction energy level respectively at 70% A-3 soil replacement. Beyond 70% A-3 soil replacement, the mixture cannot be moulded for UCS test. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A-3%20soil" title="A-3 soil">A-3 soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay%20minerals" title=" clay minerals"> clay minerals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pozzolanic%20action" title=" pozzolanic action"> pozzolanic action</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stabilization" title=" stabilization"> stabilization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33993/stabilization-of-clay-soil-using-a-3-soil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33993.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1067</span> Influence of Flame-Holder on Existence Important Parameters in a Duct Combustion Simulator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Mahdi%20Doustdar">Mohammad Mahdi Doustdar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Mojtahedpoor"> Mohammad Mojtahedpoor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effects of flame-holder position, the ratio of flame holder diameter to combustion chamber diameter and injection angle on fuel propulsive droplets sizing and effective mass fraction have been studied by a cold flow. We named the mass of fuel vapor inside the flammability limit as the effective mass fraction. An empty cylinder as well as a flame-holder which are as a simulator for duct combustion has been considered. The airflow comes into the cylinder from one side and injection operation will be done by four nozzles which are located on the entrance of cylinder. To fulfill the calculations a modified version of KIVA-3V code which is a transient, three-dimensional, multi phase, multi component code for the analysis of chemically reacting flows with sprays, is used. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KIVA-3V" title="KIVA-3V">KIVA-3V</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flame-holder" title=" flame-holder"> flame-holder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=duct%20combustion" title=" duct combustion"> duct combustion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20mass%20fraction" title=" effective mass fraction"> effective mass fraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mean%20diameter%20of%20droplets" title=" mean diameter of droplets"> mean diameter of droplets</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33237/influence-of-flame-holder-on-existence-important-parameters-in-a-duct-combustion-simulator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33237.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">619</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=void%20fraction&page=1" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=void%20fraction&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">2</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=void%20fraction&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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