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<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <title>RationalWiki</title> <script>document.documentElement.className="client-js";RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":!1,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"Z71Cb2HgaRcCFYf4ptYckwAAAAE","wgCSPNonce":!1,"wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":!1,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Main_Page","wgTitle":"Main Page","wgCurRevisionId":2666096,"wgRevisionId":2666096,"wgArticleId":98827,"wgIsArticle":!0,"wgIsRedirect":!1,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using DynamicPageList parser tag"],"wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Main_Page","wgRelevantArticleId":98827,"wgIsProbablyEditable":!1,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":!1,"wgRestrictionEdit":["sysop"],"wgRestrictionMove":["sysop"],"wgIsMainPage":!0, "wgMediaViewerOnClick":!0,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":!0};RLSTATE={"site.styles":"ready","noscript":"ready","user.styles":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.vector.styles.legacy":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["site","mediawiki.page.startup","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.legacy.js","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","mmv.head","mmv.bootstrap.autostart"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.implement("user.options@1hzgi",function($,jQuery,require,module){/*@nomin*/mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); });});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&amp;modules=skins.vector.styles.legacy&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector"/> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&amp;modules=startup&amp;only=scripts&amp;raw=1&amp;skin=vector"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&amp;modules=site.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector"/> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.35.6"/> <meta property="og:image" content="https://rationalwiki.org/w/images/6/6e/Rw_logo.png"/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico"/> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/opensearch_desc.php" title="RationalWiki (en)"/> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="https://rationalwiki.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"/> <link rel="license" href="/wiki/RationalWiki:Copyrights"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="RationalWiki Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&amp;feed=atom"/> <style type="text/css">/*<![CDATA[*/ .firstHeading, .subtitle, #siteSub, #contentSub, .pagetitle { display:none; } /*]]>*/</style> <meta property="og:type" content="website"/> <meta property="og:title" content="RationalWiki"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://rationalwiki.org/wiki/Main_Page"/> <!--[if lt IE 9]><script src="/w/resources/lib/html5shiv/html5shiv.js"></script><![endif]--> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Main_Page rootpage-Main_Page skin-vector action-view minerva--history-page-action-enabled skin-vector-legacy"> <div id="mw-page-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="mw-head-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice" class="mw-body-content"><div id="localNotice" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div id="2025_RationalWiki_.27Oregon_Plan.27_Fundraiser"> <table role="presentation" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto; width: 100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left;"><big><center><b><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:Fundraiser" title="RationalWiki:Fundraiser">2025 RationalWiki 'Oregon Plan' Fundraiser</a></b></center></big> <p><b>There is no RationalWiki without you.</b> We are a small non-profit with no staff—we are hundreds of volunteers who document pseudoscience and crankery around the world every day. We will never allow ads because we must remain independent. We cannot rely on big donors with corresponding big agendas. We are not the largest website around, but <a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:Fundraiser" title="RationalWiki:Fundraiser">we believe we play an important role in defending truth and objectivity</a>. </p> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;"><big><b><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:Fundraiser" title="RationalWiki:Fundraiser">Fighting pseudoscience isn't free</a>.<br />We are 100% user-supported! Help and donate $5, $10, $20 or whatever you can today with <img alt="PayPal Logo.png" src="/w/images/thumb/f/fb/PayPal_Logo.png/61px-PayPal_Logo.png" decoding="async" width="61" height="17" srcset="/w/images/thumb/f/fb/PayPal_Logo.png/92px-PayPal_Logo.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/f/fb/PayPal_Logo.png/122px-PayPal_Logo.png 2x" data-file-width="883" data-file-height="244" />!</b></big><a href="https://www.paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=67BJMQC85CUFW" title="Donate via PayPal" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="/w/images/thumb/1/10/DonateButton.png/100px-DonateButton.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="32" srcset="/w/images/thumb/1/10/DonateButton.png/150px-DonateButton.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/1/10/DonateButton.png/200px-DonateButton.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="241" /></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div role="progressbar" style="width: 100%; border: 2px solid black; position: relative; padding: 2px; border-radius: 18px;"> <a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:Fundraiser" title="RationalWiki:Fundraiser"><span style="text-shadow: -1px -1px 0 #FFFFFF, 1px -1px 0 #FFFFFF, -1px 1px 0 #FFFFFF, 1px 1px 0 #FFFFFF; color: black; font-size: 125%; position: absolute; left: 0%; margin: 0 0 0 10px"><b>Donations so far: $2973.89</b></span></a><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:Fundraiser" title="RationalWiki:Fundraiser"><span style="text-shadow: -1px -1px 0 #FFFFFF, 1px -1px 0 #FFFFFF, -1px 1px 0 #FFFFFF, 1px 1px 0 #FFFFFF; color: black; font-size: 125%; position: absolute; right: 0%; margin: 0 10px 0 0"><b>Goal: $10000</b></span></a><div style="height: 28px; border-radius: 14px; background-color: hsl(23.79112,100%,45%); width: 29.7389%;"></div> </div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-indicators mw-body-content"> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en">Main Page</h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="mw-body-content"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From RationalWiki</div> <div id="contentSub"></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><div class="mw-parser-output"><table class="mp_header" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mp_title">Welcome to <a href="/wiki/RationalWiki" title="RationalWiki">RationalWiki</a>!<div class="mp_title_underline"></div> </td> <td class="mp_header_rightlinks" rowspan="2"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="mp_content"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mp_left mp_box" rowspan="2"><div class="mp_left_border mp_gradient_border"> <table class="mp_left_inside mp_box_inside" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5"> <tbody><tr> <th class="mp_about_header mp_section_header">About RationalWiki </th></tr> <tr> <td> <p>Our purpose here at <a href="/wiki/RationalWiki" title="RationalWiki">RationalWiki</a> includes: </p> <ol><li>Analyzing and refuting <a href="/wiki/Pseudoscience" title="Pseudoscience">pseudoscience</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Anti-science" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-science">anti-science</a> movement;</li> <li>Documenting the full range of <a href="/wiki/Crank" title="Crank">crank</a> ideas;</li> <li>Explorations of <a href="/wiki/Authoritarianism" title="Authoritarianism">authoritarianism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fundamentalism" title="Fundamentalism">fundamentalism</a>;</li> <li>Analysis and criticism of how these subjects are handled in the <a href="/wiki/Media" title="Media">media</a>.</li></ol> <p>We welcome contributors, and encourage those who disagree with us to <a href="/wiki/Special:UserLogin" title="Special:UserLogin">register</a> and engage in <a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:Constructive_dialogue" title="RationalWiki:Constructive dialogue">constructive dialogue</a>. </p><p>We have 8,074 articles for your enjoyment. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="mp_cover_header mp_section_header">Random featured article<sup><small><b>[</b><a href="/wiki/Help:Cover_stories" title="Help:Cover stories">What&#160;is&#160;this?</a><b>]</b></small></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:152px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Avispa_marina.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/w/images/thumb/3/3a/Avispa_marina.jpg/150px-Avispa_marina.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="203" class="thumbimage" srcset="/w/images/thumb/3/3a/Avispa_marina.jpg/225px-Avispa_marina.jpg 1.5x, /w/images/3/3a/Avispa_marina.jpg 2x" data-file-width="290" data-file-height="392" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Avispa_marina.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>This <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubozoa" class="extiw" title="wp:Cubozoa" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Cubozoa">box jellyfish</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> is all-natural and therefore touching its tentacles is good for you and will send you into a state of reconnection with the earth-spirit through horrible pain and then <a href="/wiki/Death" title="Death">death</a> in a few minutes.</div></div></div> <p>An <b><a href="/wiki/Appeal_to_nature" title="Appeal to nature">appeal to nature</a></b> is a <a href="/wiki/Logical_fallacy" title="Logical fallacy">logical fallacy</a> that occurs when something is assumed to be good because it is "natural" or bad because it is "unnatural". </p><p>The fallacy is a <a href="/wiki/Naturalistic_fallacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Naturalistic fallacy">naturalistic fallacy</a> and thus an <a href="/wiki/Informal_fallacy" title="Informal fallacy">informal fallacy</a>. The fallacy can be described in one of three ways: </p> <ol> <li> <dl><dd><b>P1:</b> A is natural.<br /></dd> <dd><b>P2:</b> B is not natural.<br /></dd> <dd><b>C:</b> A is better than B.<br /></dd></dl></li> <li> <dl><dd><b>P1:</b> Natural is good.<br /></dd> <dd><b>P2:</b> A is natural.<br /></dd> <dd><b>C:</b> A is good.<br /></dd></dl></li> <li> <dl><dd><b>P1:</b> Synthetic/unnatural is bad.<br /></dd> <dd><b>P2:</b> B is synthetic/unnatural.<br /></dd> <dd><b>C:</b> B is bad.<br /></dd></dl></li> </ol> <p>Appeal to nature is a fallacious argument because the mere "naturalness" of something is unrelated to its positive or negative qualities – natural things can be bad or harmful (such as infant death and the jellyfish above), and unnatural things can be good (such as clothes, especially when you are in <a href="/wiki/Siberia" class="mw-redirect" title="Siberia">Siberia</a>). Another problem is the distinction between what is "natural" and what is not, which can be murky: crude <a href="/wiki/Oil" title="Oil">oil</a> occurs naturally, but it's not something you'd like poured on seabirds or your garden. The word "natural" has no exact definition and can be used in multiple ways, thus allowing <a href="/wiki/Equivocation" title="Equivocation">equivocation</a>. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="mp_contents_header mp_section_header">Participate in RationalWiki </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="float:right;"><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/rationalwiki/" rel="nofollow"><img alt="RedditLogo.png" src="/w/images/thumb/c/cb/RedditLogo.png/100px-RedditLogo.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="32" srcset="/w/images/thumb/c/cb/RedditLogo.png/150px-RedditLogo.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/c/cb/RedditLogo.png/200px-RedditLogo.png 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="1620" /></a><br /><a href="https://twitter.com/rationalwiki" rel="nofollow"><img alt="Twitter logo.png" src="/w/images/thumb/1/1a/Twitter_logo.png/100px-Twitter_logo.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="19" srcset="/w/images/thumb/1/1a/Twitter_logo.png/150px-Twitter_logo.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/1/1a/Twitter_logo.png/200px-Twitter_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="186" /></a><br /><a href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/Rationalwiki/226614404019306" rel="nofollow"><img alt="Facebook logo.png" src="/w/images/thumb/0/07/Facebook_logo.png/100px-Facebook_logo.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="38" srcset="/w/images/thumb/0/07/Facebook_logo.png/150px-Facebook_logo.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/0/07/Facebook_logo.png/200px-Facebook_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="385" /></a><br /><a href="https://rationalwiki.org/wiki/RationalWiki:Discord" rel="nofollow"><img alt="Discord logo.png" src="/w/images/thumb/d/d0/Discord_logo.png/100px-Discord_logo.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="27" srcset="/w/images/thumb/d/d0/Discord_logo.png/150px-Discord_logo.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/d/d0/Discord_logo.png/200px-Discord_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="876" data-file-height="240" /></a><br /></div> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Category:RationalWiki" title="Category:RationalWiki">RationalWiki portal:</a></dt> <dd>See <b><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:Newcomers" title="RationalWiki:Newcomers">our guide for newcomers</a></b>!</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:Timeline" title="RationalWiki:Timeline">A brief history of RationalWiki</a>...</dd> <dd>Share <b><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:How_I_found_RationalWiki" title="RationalWiki:How I found RationalWiki">how you found RationalWiki</a></b>!</dd> <dd>For general chatter that doesn't fit anywhere else, the <b><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:Saloon_bar" title="RationalWiki:Saloon bar">Saloon Bar</a></b> is the place to go.</dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Category:Essays" title="Category:Essays">Essay portal:</a></dt> <dd>Essays written by individual users covering a wide range of subjects. Comment on the talk pages or write your own.</dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Category:Debates" title="Category:Debates">Debate portal:</a></dt> <dd>Informal debates covering political and philosophical issues. Participate freely or start your own.</dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Help:New_Article" title="Help:New Article">Writing articles:</a></dt> <dd>Read up on <a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:What_is_a_RationalWiki_article%3F" title="RationalWiki:What is a RationalWiki article?"><b>what a RationalWiki page is</b></a> and our <a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:Community_Standards" title="RationalWiki:Community Standards"><b>community standards</b></a>.</dd> <dd>Take a look at the <a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:Help" class="mw-redirect" title="RationalWiki:Help"><b>help pages</b></a> if you're having trouble.</dd> <dd>We also keep a list of <a href="/wiki/Category:RationalWiki_links" title="Category:RationalWiki links"><b>useful links</b></a>.</dd> <dd>Our <b><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:To_do_list" title="RationalWiki:To do list">to do list</a></b> is where we pile up ideas for articles. See if anything piques your interest<font color="black"><span class="plainlinks" id="purgelink"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;action=purge">!</a></span></font></dd></dl> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> </td> <td class="mp_wigo mp_box"><div class="mp_wigo_border mp_gradient_border"> <table class="mp_wigo_inside mp_box_inside" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5"> <tbody><tr> <th class="mp_wigo_header mp_section_header">Featured Content </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:2em;">Need to know <a href="/wiki/WIGO" title="WIGO"><b>What Is Going On?</b></a> We present regularly updated selections of the finest lunacy the Internet has to offer. Participate in the dialogue. <p><b>What is going on...</b><br /> </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td><div class="floatleft"><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:What_is_going_on_in_the_world%3F" title="noframe"><img alt="noframe" src="/w/images/thumb/5/5e/Icon_wigo_world_alt_tilted.svg/50px-Icon_wigo_world_alt_tilted.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" srcset="/w/images/thumb/5/5e/Icon_wigo_world_alt_tilted.svg/75px-Icon_wigo_world_alt_tilted.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/5/5e/Icon_wigo_world_alt_tilted.svg/100px-Icon_wigo_world_alt_tilted.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="195" /></a></div></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:What_is_going_on_in_the_world%3F" title="RationalWiki:What is going on in the world?">…in the world?</a></b><sup>(<a href="/wiki/RationalWiki_talk:What_is_going_on_in_the_world%3F" title="RationalWiki talk:What is going on in the world?">talk</a>)</sup> "Actual" "news" from the "real world." </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="floatleft"><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:What_is_going_on_in_the_blogosphere%3F" title="noframe"><img alt="noframe" src="/w/images/thumb/b/b8/Wigoblog.svg/50px-Wigoblog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" srcset="/w/images/thumb/b/b8/Wigoblog.svg/75px-Wigoblog.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/b/b8/Wigoblog.svg/100px-Wigoblog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:What_is_going_on_in_the_blogosphere%3F" title="RationalWiki:What is going on in the blogosphere?">…in the Blogosphere?</a></b><sup>(<a href="/wiki/RationalWiki_talk:What_is_going_on_in_the_blogosphere%3F" title="RationalWiki talk:What is going on in the blogosphere?">talk</a>)</sup> Quality blog posts, editorials, videos, and social media activities that relate to RationalWiki's mission. </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="floatleft"><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:What_is_going_on_in_the_clogosphere%3F" title="noframe"><img alt="noframe" src="/w/images/thumb/9/95/Wigoclog.svg/50px-Wigoclog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" srcset="/w/images/thumb/9/95/Wigoclog.svg/75px-Wigoclog.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/9/95/Wigoclog.svg/100px-Wigoclog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:What_is_going_on_in_the_clogosphere%3F" title="RationalWiki:What is going on in the clogosphere?">…in the Clogosphere?</a></b><sup>(<a href="/wiki/RationalWiki_talk:What_is_going_on_in_the_clogosphere%3F" title="RationalWiki talk:What is going on in the clogosphere?">talk</a>)</sup> Craziness from the clogged-up fringes of the Internet. </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="floatleft"><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:What_is_going_on_with_the_elections%3F" title="noframe"><img alt="noframe" src="/w/images/thumb/f/f2/Icon_politics.svg/50px-Icon_politics.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" srcset="/w/images/thumb/f/f2/Icon_politics.svg/75px-Icon_politics.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/f/f2/Icon_politics.svg/100px-Icon_politics.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:What_is_going_on_with_the_elections%3F" title="RationalWiki:What is going on with the elections?">…with the Elections?</a></b><sup>(<a href="/wiki/RationalWiki_talk:What_is_going_on_with_the_elections%3F" title="RationalWiki talk:What is going on with the elections?">talk</a>)</sup> News about elections from around the world. </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="floatleft"><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:Saloon_bar" title="noframe"><img alt="noframe" src="/w/images/thumb/f/f0/Wigobar.svg/50px-Wigobar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" srcset="/w/images/thumb/f/f0/Wigobar.svg/75px-Wigobar.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/f/f0/Wigobar.svg/100px-Wigobar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:Saloon_bar" title="RationalWiki:Saloon bar">…at RationalWiki?</a></b><sup>(<a href="/wiki/RationalWiki_talk:Saloon_bar" title="RationalWiki talk:Saloon bar">*hic*</a>)</sup> Our own main back-page. </td></tr></tbody></table> <hr /> <p><b>Portals and Articles</b><sup><small>[<b><a href="/wiki/RationalWiki:Contents" title="RationalWiki:Contents">See more content</a></b>]</small></sup> </p> <table cellpadding="2"> <tbody><tr> <td><div class="floatleft"><a href="/wiki/Category:Science" title="noframe"><img alt="noframe" src="/w/images/thumb/a/ab/Icon_science.svg/50px-Icon_science.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" srcset="/w/images/thumb/a/ab/Icon_science.svg/75px-Icon_science.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/a/ab/Icon_science.svg/100px-Icon_science.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Science" title="Science">Science</a></b> • <a href="/wiki/Peer_review" title="Peer review">Peer review</a> • <a href="/wiki/Plate_tectonics" title="Plate tectonics">Plate tectonics</a> • <a href="/wiki/Scientific_method" title="Scientific method">Scientific method</a> • <a href="/wiki/God_of_the_gaps" title="God of the gaps">God of the gaps</a> • <a href="/wiki/Brain" title="Brain">Brain</a> • <a href="/wiki/James_Hansen" title="James Hansen">James Hansen</a> • <a href="/wiki/The_dose_makes_the_poison" title="The dose makes the poison">The dose makes the poison</a> • <a href="/wiki/Genetically_modified_food" title="Genetically modified food">Genetically modified food</a> • <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a> • <a href="/wiki/The_BMJ" title="The BMJ">The BMJ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="floatleft"><a href="/wiki/Category:Logic" title="noframe"><img alt="noframe" src="/w/images/thumb/9/99/Icon_logic.svg/50px-Icon_logic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" srcset="/w/images/thumb/9/99/Icon_logic.svg/75px-Icon_logic.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/9/99/Icon_logic.svg/100px-Icon_logic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Logic" title="Logic">Logic</a></b> • <a href="/wiki/Argument_from_authority" title="Argument from authority">Argument from authority</a> • <a href="/wiki/Problem_of_evil" title="Problem of evil">Problem of evil</a> • <a href="/wiki/No_True_Scotsman" title="No True Scotsman">No True Scotsman</a> • <a href="/wiki/The_Fine_Art_of_Baloney_Detection" title="The Fine Art of Baloney Detection">The Fine Art of Baloney Detection</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gish_Gallop" title="Gish Gallop">Gish Gallop</a> • <a href="/wiki/Not_even_wrong" title="Not even wrong">Not even wrong</a> • <a href="/wiki/Science_was_wrong_before" title="Science was wrong before">Science was wrong before</a> • <a href="/wiki/Straw_man" title="Straw man">Straw man</a> • <a href="/wiki/Adding_epicycles" title="Adding epicycles">Adding epicycles</a> • <a href="/wiki/Confirmation_bias" title="Confirmation bias">Confirmation bias</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="floatleft"><a href="/wiki/Category:Atheism" title="noframe"><img alt="noframe" src="/w/images/thumb/b/b0/Icon_atheism.svg/50px-Icon_atheism.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" srcset="/w/images/thumb/b/b0/Icon_atheism.svg/75px-Icon_atheism.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/b/b0/Icon_atheism.svg/100px-Icon_atheism.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">Atheism</a></b> • <a href="/wiki/New_Atheism" title="New Atheism">New Atheism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Secular_humanism" title="Secular humanism">Secular humanism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Agnosticism" title="Agnosticism">Agnosticism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Misotheism" title="Misotheism">Misotheism</a> • <a href="/wiki/The_God_Delusion" title="The God Delusion">The God Delusion</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pascal%27s_wager" title="Pascal&#39;s wager">Pascal's wager</a> • <a href="/wiki/Russell%27s_Teapot" title="Russell&#39;s Teapot">Russell's Teapot</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sophisticated_theology" title="Sophisticated theology">Sophisticated theology</a> • <a href="/wiki/FAQ_for_the_Newly_Deconverted" title="FAQ for the Newly Deconverted">FAQ for the Newly Deconverted</a> • <a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">Atheism</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="floatleft"><a href="/wiki/Category:Creationism" title="noframe"><img alt="noframe" src="/w/images/thumb/a/a8/Icon_creationism.svg/50px-Icon_creationism.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" srcset="/w/images/thumb/a/a8/Icon_creationism.svg/75px-Icon_creationism.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/a/a8/Icon_creationism.svg/100px-Icon_creationism.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="195" /></a></div></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Creationism" title="Creationism">Creationism</a></b> • <a href="/wiki/Global_flood" title="Global flood">Global flood</a> • <a href="/wiki/Intelligent_design" title="Intelligent design">Intelligent design</a> • <a href="/wiki/Expelled:_Leader%27s_Guide" title="Expelled: Leader&#39;s Guide">Expelled: Leader's Guide</a> • <a href="/wiki/Modern_Science_in_the_Bible" title="Modern Science in the Bible">Modern Science in the Bible</a> • <a href="/wiki/Intelligent_design_and_academic_freedom" title="Intelligent design and academic freedom">Intelligent design and academic freedom</a> • <a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal" title="Answers Research Journal">Answers Research Journal</a> • <a href="/wiki/IslamicAwakening.com" title="IslamicAwakening.com">IslamicAwakening.com</a> • <a href="/wiki/Banana_argument" title="Banana argument">Banana argument</a> • <a href="/wiki/McLean_v._Arkansas_Board_of_Education" title="McLean v. Arkansas Board of Education">McLean v. Arkansas Board of Education</a> • <a href="/wiki/Richard_Lenski" title="Richard Lenski">Richard Lenski</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="floatleft"><a href="/wiki/Category:Pseudoscience" title="noframe"><img alt="noframe" src="/w/images/thumb/7/7a/Icon_pseudoscience.svg/50px-Icon_pseudoscience.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" srcset="/w/images/thumb/7/7a/Icon_pseudoscience.svg/75px-Icon_pseudoscience.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/7/7a/Icon_pseudoscience.svg/100px-Icon_pseudoscience.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Pseudoscience" title="Pseudoscience">Pseudoscience</a></b> • <a href="/wiki/Cryonics" title="Cryonics">Cryonics</a> • <a href="/wiki/Anti-vaccination_movement" title="Anti-vaccination movement">Anti-vaccination movement</a> • <a href="/wiki/Intelligent_design_and_academic_freedom" title="Intelligent design and academic freedom">Intelligent design and academic freedom</a> • <a href="/wiki/Answers_Research_Journal" title="Answers Research Journal">Answers Research Journal</a> • <a href="/wiki/Biological_determinism" title="Biological determinism">Biological determinism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pseudopsychology" title="Pseudopsychology">Pseudopsychology</a> • <a href="/wiki/Chemtrails" title="Chemtrails">Chemtrails</a> • <a href="/wiki/Climategate" title="Climategate">Climategate</a> • <a href="/wiki/Alternative_medicine" title="Alternative medicine">Alternative medicine</a> • <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="floatleft"><a href="/wiki/Category:Conspiracy_theories" title="noframe"><img alt="noframe" src="/w/images/thumb/5/58/Icon_conspiracy.svg/50px-Icon_conspiracy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" srcset="/w/images/thumb/5/58/Icon_conspiracy.svg/75px-Icon_conspiracy.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/5/58/Icon_conspiracy.svg/100px-Icon_conspiracy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="195" /></a></div></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Conspiracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Conspiracy">Conspiracy</a></b> • <a href="/wiki/Pizzagate" title="Pizzagate">Pizzagate</a> • <a href="/wiki/Anti-vaccination_movement" title="Anti-vaccination movement">Anti-vaccination movement</a> • <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">Climate change</a> • <a href="/wiki/QAnon" title="QAnon">QAnon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Protochronism" title="Protochronism">Protochronism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Chemtrails" title="Chemtrails">Chemtrails</a> • <a href="/wiki/Obama_citizenship_denial" title="Obama citizenship denial">Obama citizenship denial</a> • <a href="/wiki/War_on_Christmas" title="War on Christmas">War on Christmas</a> • <a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_theory" title="Conspiracy theory">Conspiracy theory</a> • <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="floatleft"><a href="/wiki/Category:Denialism" title="noframe"><img alt="noframe" src="/w/images/thumb/c/ca/Icon_denialism.svg/50px-Icon_denialism.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" srcset="/w/images/thumb/c/ca/Icon_denialism.svg/75px-Icon_denialism.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/c/ca/Icon_denialism.svg/100px-Icon_denialism.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Denialism" title="Denialism">Denialism</a></b> • <a href="/wiki/Mental_illness_denial" title="Mental illness denial">Mental illness denial</a> • <a href="/wiki/Armenian_genocide_denial" title="Armenian genocide denial">Armenian genocide denial</a> • <a href="/wiki/Rape_culture" title="Rape culture">Rape culture</a> • <a href="/wiki/Climategate" title="Climategate">Climategate</a> • <a href="/wiki/PragerU" title="PragerU">PragerU</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nation_of_Islam" title="Nation of Islam">Nation of Islam</a> • <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Trumpism" title="Trumpism">Trumpism</a> • <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> • <a href="/wiki/Holodomor" title="Holodomor">Holodomor</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="floatleft"><a href="/wiki/Category:Paranormal" title="noframe"><img alt="noframe" src="/w/images/thumb/5/56/Icon_ghost.svg/50px-Icon_ghost.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" srcset="/w/images/thumb/5/56/Icon_ghost.svg/75px-Icon_ghost.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/5/56/Icon_ghost.svg/100px-Icon_ghost.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Paranormal" title="Paranormal">Paranormal</a></b> • <a href="/wiki/Ghost_Hunters" title="Ghost Hunters">Ghost Hunters</a> • <a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_Manchester" title="Seán Manchester">Seán Manchester</a> • <a href="/wiki/Near-death_experience" title="Near-death experience">Near-death experience</a> • <a href="/wiki/Zombies" title="Zombies">Zombies</a> • <a href="/wiki/Craig_Weiler" title="Craig Weiler">Craig Weiler</a> • <a href="/wiki/Exorcism" title="Exorcism">Exorcism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bigfoot" title="Bigfoot">Bigfoot</a> • <a href="/wiki/Steve_Quayle" title="Steve Quayle">Steve Quayle</a> • <a href="/wiki/Unidentified_flying_object" title="Unidentified flying object">Unidentified flying object</a> • <a href="/wiki/Dream_interpretation" title="Dream interpretation">Dream interpretation</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="floatleft"><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics" title="noframe"><img alt="noframe" src="/w/images/thumb/f/f2/Icon_politics.svg/50px-Icon_politics.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" srcset="/w/images/thumb/f/f2/Icon_politics.svg/75px-Icon_politics.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/f/f2/Icon_politics.svg/100px-Icon_politics.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Politics" title="Politics">Politics</a></b> • <a href="/wiki/International_relations" title="International relations">International relations</a> 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