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class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Rosa_Othello.jpg/220px-Rosa_Othello.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Rosa_Othello.jpg/330px-Rosa_Othello.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Rosa_Othello.jpg/440px-Rosa_Othello.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2002" data-file-height="2002" /></a><figcaption><i>Rosa</i> 'Othello' in the <a href="/wiki/Volksgarten_(Vienna)" class="mw-redirect" title="Volksgarten (Vienna)">Volksgarten</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In addition to its appearance in the <a href="/wiki/Othello#Performance_history" title="Othello">theatre</a>, the character of <b><a href="/wiki/Othello" title="Othello">Othello</a></b> from the tragic play by <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a> has appeared in many examples in art and culture since being authored by Shakespeare in the early 16th century. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_the_visual_arts">In the visual arts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultural_references_to_Othello&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: In the visual arts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The literary character of Othello and the plot of the play by Shakespeare has been a recurrent theme in painting for several centuries. Selected examples include <i>The Plot</i> depicting Othello and Iago, which was painted in oil by <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Hart" title="Solomon Hart">Solomon Alexander Hart</a> in 1855. He also painted a watercolour version, held at the Victoria & Albert Museum in London. <i><a href="/wiki/Othello_(paintings)" title="Othello (paintings)">Othello</a></i> was a series of 60 paintings executed in 1985 by <a href="/wiki/Nabil_Kanso" title="Nabil Kanso">Nabil Kanso</a>. It was published in 1996 by NEV Editions. </p><p>In 2018, the African American conceptual artist <a href="/wiki/Fred_Wilson_(artist)" title="Fred Wilson (artist)">Fred Wilson</a> created the work <i>I saw Othello's visage in his mind</i> in <a href="/wiki/Murano_glass" class="mw-redirect" title="Murano glass">Murano glass</a> and wood, inspired by a line of <a href="/wiki/Desdemona" title="Desdemona">Desdemona</a>'s in Act One of the tragedy.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FirstFolioOthello.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="First Folio (1623) title page facsimile"><img alt="First Folio (1623) title page facsimile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/FirstFolioOthello.jpg/90px-FirstFolioOthello.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/FirstFolioOthello.jpg/135px-FirstFolioOthello.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/FirstFolioOthello.jpg/180px-FirstFolioOthello.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">First Folio (1623) title page facsimile</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Christian_K%C3%B6hler_Othello.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Othello with Desdemona in bed asleep by Christian Köhler (1859)"><img alt="Othello with Desdemona in bed asleep by Christian Köhler (1859)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Christian_K%C3%B6hler_Othello.jpg/120px-Christian_K%C3%B6hler_Othello.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Christian_K%C3%B6hler_Othello.jpg/180px-Christian_K%C3%B6hler_Othello.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Christian_K%C3%B6hler_Othello.jpg/240px-Christian_K%C3%B6hler_Othello.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1556" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Othello with Desdemona in bed asleep</i> by <a href="/wiki/Christian_K%C3%B6hler" title="Christian Köhler">Christian Köhler</a> (1859)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Othello_and_Desdemona_in_Venice_by_Th%C3%A9odore_Chass%C3%A9riau.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Othello and Desdemona in Venice by Théodore Chassériau (1819–1856)"><img alt="Othello and Desdemona in Venice by Théodore Chassériau (1819–1856)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Othello_and_Desdemona_in_Venice_by_Th%C3%A9odore_Chass%C3%A9riau.jpg/92px-Othello_and_Desdemona_in_Venice_by_Th%C3%A9odore_Chass%C3%A9riau.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Othello_and_Desdemona_in_Venice_by_Th%C3%A9odore_Chass%C3%A9riau.jpg/138px-Othello_and_Desdemona_in_Venice_by_Th%C3%A9odore_Chass%C3%A9riau.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Othello_and_Desdemona_in_Venice_by_Th%C3%A9odore_Chass%C3%A9riau.jpg/184px-Othello_and_Desdemona_in_Venice_by_Th%C3%A9odore_Chass%C3%A9riau.jpg 2x" data-file-width="485" data-file-height="632" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Othello and Desdemona in Venice</i> by <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Chass%C3%A9riau" title="Théodore Chassériau">Théodore Chassériau</a> (1819–1856)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Othello_and_Desdemona_by_Alexandre-Marie_Colin.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Othello and Desdemona by Alexandre-Marie Colin, 1829"><img alt="Othello and Desdemona by Alexandre-Marie Colin, 1829" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Othello_and_Desdemona_by_Alexandre-Marie_Colin.jpg/120px-Othello_and_Desdemona_by_Alexandre-Marie_Colin.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Othello_and_Desdemona_by_Alexandre-Marie_Colin.jpg/180px-Othello_and_Desdemona_by_Alexandre-Marie_Colin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Othello_and_Desdemona_by_Alexandre-Marie_Colin.jpg/240px-Othello_and_Desdemona_by_Alexandre-Marie_Colin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="841" data-file-height="713" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Othello and Desdemona</i> by <a href="/wiki/Alexandre-Marie_Colin" title="Alexandre-Marie Colin">Alexandre-Marie Colin</a>, 1829</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Death_of_Desdemona.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Death of Desdemona by Eugène Delacroix"><img alt="The Death of Desdemona by Eugène Delacroix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Death_of_Desdemona.jpg/120px-Death_of_Desdemona.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Death_of_Desdemona.jpg/180px-Death_of_Desdemona.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Death_of_Desdemona.jpg/240px-Death_of_Desdemona.jpg 2x" data-file-width="537" data-file-height="447" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Death of Desdemona</i> by <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix" title="Eugène Delacroix">Eugène Delacroix</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Edwin_Booth_as_Iago.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Edwin Booth as Iago, ca. 1870"><img alt="Edwin Booth as Iago, ca. 1870" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Edwin_Booth_as_Iago.jpg/97px-Edwin_Booth_as_Iago.jpg" decoding="async" width="97" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Edwin_Booth_as_Iago.jpg/146px-Edwin_Booth_as_Iago.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Edwin_Booth_as_Iago.jpg/194px-Edwin_Booth_as_Iago.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1244" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Booth" title="Edwin Booth">Edwin Booth</a> as Iago, ca. 1870</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Salvini_as_Othello_Vanity_Fair.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Italian actor Tommaso Salvini as Othello, 1875"><img alt="Italian actor Tommaso Salvini as Othello, 1875" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Salvini_as_Othello_Vanity_Fair.jpg/70px-Salvini_as_Othello_Vanity_Fair.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Salvini_as_Othello_Vanity_Fair.jpg/105px-Salvini_as_Othello_Vanity_Fair.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Salvini_as_Othello_Vanity_Fair.jpg/140px-Salvini_as_Othello_Vanity_Fair.jpg 2x" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="320" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Italian actor <a href="/wiki/Tommaso_Salvini" title="Tommaso Salvini">Tommaso Salvini</a> as Othello, 1875</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_McCullough_as_Othello.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="American actor John McCullough as Othello, 1878"><img alt="American actor John McCullough as Othello, 1878" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/John_McCullough_as_Othello.jpg/97px-John_McCullough_as_Othello.jpg" decoding="async" width="97" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/John_McCullough_as_Othello.jpg/146px-John_McCullough_as_Othello.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/John_McCullough_as_Othello.jpg/195px-John_McCullough_as_Othello.jpg 2x" data-file-width="676" data-file-height="833" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">American actor John McCullough as Othello, 1878</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Othello-cwcope-1853.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Othello relating his adventures to Desdemona and Brabantio from a steel engraving of a painting by Charles West Cope, 1873"><img alt="Othello relating his adventures to Desdemona and Brabantio from a steel engraving of a painting by Charles West Cope, 1873" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Othello-cwcope-1853.jpg/120px-Othello-cwcope-1853.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Othello-cwcope-1853.jpg/180px-Othello-cwcope-1853.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Othello-cwcope-1853.jpg/240px-Othello-cwcope-1853.jpg 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="250" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Othello relating his adventures to Desdemona and Brabantio from a steel engraving of a painting by <a href="/wiki/Charles_West_Cope" title="Charles West Cope">Charles West Cope</a>, 1873</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_Desdemona%27s_Death_Song.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Desdemona's Death Song by Dante Gabriel Rossetti, ca. 1878–1881"><img alt="Desdemona's Death Song by Dante Gabriel Rossetti, ca. 1878–1881" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_Desdemona%27s_Death_Song.JPG/86px-Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_Desdemona%27s_Death_Song.JPG" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_Desdemona%27s_Death_Song.JPG/129px-Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_Desdemona%27s_Death_Song.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_Desdemona%27s_Death_Song.JPG/172px-Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_Desdemona%27s_Death_Song.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2872" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Desdemona's Death Song</i> by <a href="/wiki/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti" title="Dante Gabriel Rossetti">Dante Gabriel Rossetti</a>, ca. 1878–1881</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Desdemona_(Othello)_by_Frederic_Leighton.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Desdemona by Frederic Leighton, ca. 1888"><img alt="Desdemona by Frederic Leighton, ca. 1888" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Desdemona_%28Othello%29_by_Frederic_Leighton.jpg/91px-Desdemona_%28Othello%29_by_Frederic_Leighton.jpg" decoding="async" width="91" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Desdemona_%28Othello%29_by_Frederic_Leighton.jpg/137px-Desdemona_%28Othello%29_by_Frederic_Leighton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Desdemona_%28Othello%29_by_Frederic_Leighton.jpg/183px-Desdemona_%28Othello%29_by_Frederic_Leighton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="787" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Desdemona</i> by <a href="/wiki/Frederic_Leighton" title="Frederic Leighton">Frederic Leighton</a>, ca. 1888</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90_%E2%80%93_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98,_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D,_1933_%E1%83%AC.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Petre Otskheli design for Othello, staged by Kote Marjanishvili, 1933"><img alt="Petre Otskheli design for Othello, staged by Kote Marjanishvili, 1933" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90_%E2%80%93_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%2C_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%2C_1933_%E1%83%AC.JPG/120px-%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90_%E2%80%93_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%2C_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%2C_1933_%E1%83%AC.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90_%E2%80%93_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%2C_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%2C_1933_%E1%83%AC.JPG/180px-%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90_%E2%80%93_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%2C_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%2C_1933_%E1%83%AC.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90_%E2%80%93_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%2C_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%2C_1933_%E1%83%AC.JPG/240px-%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90_%E2%80%93_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%2C_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%2C_1933_%E1%83%AC.JPG 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="439" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Petre_Otskheli" title="Petre Otskheli">Petre Otskheli</a> design for Othello, staged by <a href="/wiki/Kote_Marjanishvili" title="Kote Marjanishvili">Kote Marjanishvili</a>, 1933</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_opera">In opera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultural_references_to_Othello&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: In opera"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Malibran_(Maria)_par_F._Bouchot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/La_Malibran_%28Maria%29_par_F._Bouchot.jpg/220px-La_Malibran_%28Maria%29_par_F._Bouchot.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/La_Malibran_%28Maria%29_par_F._Bouchot.jpg/330px-La_Malibran_%28Maria%29_par_F._Bouchot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/La_Malibran_%28Maria%29_par_F._Bouchot.jpg/440px-La_Malibran_%28Maria%29_par_F._Bouchot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="531" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Maria_Malibran" title="Maria Malibran">Maria Malibran</a> as Rossini's Desdemona by <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Bouchot" title="François Bouchot">François Bouchot</a>, 1834</figcaption></figure> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Otello_(Rossini)" title="Otello (Rossini)">Otello</a></i>, a four-act opera with an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Berio di Salsa and music by <a href="/wiki/Gioachino_Rossini" title="Gioachino Rossini">Gioachino Rossini</a> was first performed at the <a href="/wiki/Teatro_del_Fondo" title="Teatro del Fondo">Teatro del Fondo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>, on 4 December 1816. In contrast to Shakespeare's version, di Salsa provided an alternative happy ending to the work, a common practice with drama and opera at one time. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Giuseppe Verdi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arrigo_Boito" title="Arrigo Boito">Arrigo Boito</a> wrote <i><a href="/wiki/Otello" title="Otello">Otello</a></i>. Verdi and his librettist dispensed with the first act of the play. <a href="/wiki/Franco_Zeffirelli" title="Franco Zeffirelli">Franco Zeffirelli</a>'s 1986 film version of <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Verdi's</a> opera starring <a href="/wiki/Pl%C3%A1cido_Domingo" title="Plácido Domingo">Plácido Domingo</a> as Othello was nominated for the <a href="/wiki/British_Academy_of_Film_and_Television_Arts" title="British Academy of Film and Television Arts">BAFTA</a> for foreign language film.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> However, it did not win the award. According to the <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Kennedy Center">Kennedy Center</a>'s biographical note on Domingo, Laurence Olivier saw Domingo in <i><a href="/wiki/Otello" title="Otello">Otello</a></i> and, in a mock-furious voice, told Franco Zeffirelli: "You realise that Domingo plays Othello as well as I do, and he has that voice!"<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_ballet">In ballet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultural_references_to_Othello&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: In ballet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mexican choreographer <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Lim%C3%B3n" title="José Limón">José Limón</a> created a 20-minute, four character ballet called <i><a href="/wiki/The_Moor%27s_Pavane" title="The Moor's Pavane">The Moor's Pavane</a></i> to the music of <a href="/wiki/Henry_Purcell" title="Henry Purcell">Henry Purcell</a> in 1949. It is a standard in dance companies around the world and notable interpreters of the Moor include <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Nureyev" title="Rudolf Nureyev">Rudolf Nureyev</a>. </p><p>The ballet <i>Othello</i> was choreographed by <a href="/wiki/John_Neumeier" title="John Neumeier">John Neumeier</a> to music by Arvo Pärt, Alfred Schnittke, Naná Vasconcelos et al. and was premiered by the Hamburg Ballet in Hamburg on 27 January 1985, with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamal_Gouda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gamal Gouda (page does not exist)">Gamal Gouda</a> as Othello, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gigi_Hyatt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gigi Hyatt (page does not exist)">Gigi Hyatt</a> as Desdemona, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Midinet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Max Midinet (page does not exist)">Max Midinet</a> as Iago. The work remains in the repertoire of the <a href="/wiki/Hamburg_Ballet" title="Hamburg Ballet">Hamburg Ballet</a>, seeing its 100th performance in 2008. </p><p>Another <i>Othello</i> ballet, by Iranian Armenian composer <a href="/wiki/Loris_Tjeknavorian" title="Loris Tjeknavorian">Loris Tjeknavorian</a>, was commissioned by the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ballet" title="Northern Ballet">Northern Ballet</a> company and was shown in London in 1985. The musical score, performed by the London Symphony Orchestra, was recorded by EMI. </p><p>In 2002, modern dance choreographer <a href="/wiki/Lar_Lubovitch" title="Lar Lubovitch">Lar Lubovitch</a> created a full-length ballet in three acts based on the Shakespeare play and Cinthio's tale with a score by <a href="/wiki/Elliot_Goldenthal" title="Elliot Goldenthal">Elliot Goldenthal</a>. The work has been staged by the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Ballet" title="San Francisco Ballet">San Francisco Ballet</a> with <a href="/wiki/Desmond_Richardson" title="Desmond Richardson">Desmond Richardson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yuan_Yuan_Tan" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuan Yuan Tan">Yuan Yuan Tan</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parrish_Maynard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parrish Maynard (page does not exist)">Parrish Maynard</a> in the principal roles. The ballet was broadcast on <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Great_Performances" title="Great Performances">Great Performances</a>: Dance in America</i> and the program was nominated for an <a href="/wiki/Emmy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmy Award">Emmy Award</a>. The ballet is recorded on Kultur video. <i>Othello</i> was first performed in New York City at the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Opera" title="Metropolitan Opera">Metropolitan Opera House</a>, 23 May 1997, by <a href="/wiki/American_Ballet_Theatre" title="American Ballet Theatre">American Ballet Theatre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_film">In film</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultural_references_to_Othello&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: In film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_(I._iii)_at_the_White_House_(trimmed).ogv" title="File:20090512 James Earl Jones - Othello (I. iii) at the White House (trimmed).ogv">"Othello"</a> (<span class="duration"><span class="min">5</span>:<span class="s">05</span></span>)</div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_%28I._iii%29_at_the_White_House_%28trimmed%29.ogv/232px--20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_%28I._iii%29_at_the_White_House_%28trimmed%29.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" height="131" data-durationhint="305" data-mwtitle="20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_(I._iii)_at_the_White_House_(trimmed).ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_%28I._iii%29_at_the_White_House_%28trimmed%29.ogv/20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_%28I._iii%29_at_the_White_House_%28trimmed%29.ogv.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_%28I._iii%29_at_the_White_House_%28trimmed%29.ogv/20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_%28I._iii%29_at_the_White_House_%28trimmed%29.ogv.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_%28I._iii%29_at_the_White_House_%28trimmed%29.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_%28I._iii%29_at_the_White_House_%28trimmed%29.ogv/20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_%28I._iii%29_at_the_White_House_%28trimmed%29.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_%28I._iii%29_at_the_White_House_%28trimmed%29.ogv/20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_%28I._iii%29_at_the_White_House_%28trimmed%29.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_%28I._iii%29_at_the_White_House_%28trimmed%29.ogv/20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_%28I._iii%29_at_the_White_House_%28trimmed%29.ogv.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_%28I._iii%29_at_the_White_House_%28trimmed%29.ogv/20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_%28I._iii%29_at_the_White_House_%28trimmed%29.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3A20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_%28I._iii%29_at_the_White_House_%28trimmed%29.ogv&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></video></span></span></div> <div class="description">The American actor <a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a> performs Othello's Act I, scene III monologue from <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">Shakespeare</a> <i>Othello</i> at the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> Evening of Poetry, Music, and the Spoken Word on 12 May 2009.</div></div><hr /><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_(I._iii)_at_the_White_House_(trimmed).ogg" title="File:20090512 James Earl Jones - Othello (I. iii) at the White House (trimmed).ogg">"Othello"</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="305" data-mwtitle="20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_(I._iii)_at_the_White_House_(trimmed).ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_%28I._iii%29_at_the_White_House_%28trimmed%29.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/11/20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_%28I._iii%29_at_the_White_House_%28trimmed%29.ogg/20090512_James_Earl_Jones_-_Othello_%28I._iii%29_at_the_White_House_%28trimmed%29.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Audio only version</div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr /><i class="selfreference">Problems playing these files? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</i></div> </div> <dl><dd><i>See also <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_on_screen#Othello" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakespeare on screen">Shakespeare on screen (Othello)</a>.</i></dd></dl> <p>Between 1948 and 1952, <a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a> directed <i><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1952_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Othello (1952 film)">The Tragedy of Othello: The Moor of Venice</a></i> (1952), produced as a black-and-white <a href="/wiki/Film_noir" title="Film noir">film noir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cartmell_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cartmell-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rather than focusing on racial disparity, the film plays on a difference between Desdemona and Othello in age, size and personal attractiveness. The film noir colouring of the picture minimised any commentary on Othello's blackness, to the point that the critic <a href="/wiki/F._R._Leavis" title="F. R. Leavis">F. R. Leavis</a> wrote that the film made no reference to Othello's colour.<sup id="cite_ref-Cartmell_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cartmell-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Unlike Welles's film, <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Burge" title="Stuart Burge">Stuart Burge</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1965_British_film)" title="Othello (1965 British film)">Othello</a></i> (1965), based on <a href="/wiki/John_Dexter" title="John Dexter">John Dexter</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Royal_National_Theatre" title="Royal National Theatre">National Theatre Company</a>'s production, starring Laurence Olivier, brings issues of race to the fore. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Trevor_Nunn" title="Trevor Nunn">Trevor Nunn</a>'s 1989 version, filmed at <a href="/wiki/Stratford-upon-Avon" title="Stratford-upon-Avon">Stratford</a>, cast black opera singer <a href="/wiki/Willard_White" title="Willard White">Willard White</a> in the leading role, opposite <a href="/wiki/Ian_McKellen" title="Ian McKellen">Ian McKellen</a>'s Iago.<sup id="cite_ref-Cartmell_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cartmell-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Othello_(1995_film)" title="Othello (1995 film)">first major screen production</a> casting a black actor as Othello would not come until 1995 with <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Fishburne" title="Laurence Fishburne">Laurence Fishburne</a> opposite <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Branagh" title="Kenneth Branagh">Kenneth Branagh</a>'s Iago. It was made during the <a href="/wiki/O._J._Simpson_trial" class="mw-redirect" title="O. J. Simpson trial">O. J. Simpson trial</a> and commentators such as Cartmell draw parallels between the two <a href="/wiki/Whodunit" title="Whodunit">whodunit</a> murder stories, and wondered if the film's release was not a little to do with the publicity surrounding Simpson's drama.<sup id="cite_ref-Cartmell_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cartmell-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A modernised, loose retelling, <a href="/wiki/O_(2001_film)" title="O (2001 film)"><i>O</i></a>, completed in 1999 and released in 2001, featured African-American actor <a href="/wiki/Mekhi_Phifer" title="Mekhi Phifer">Mekhi Phifer</a> in the lead role, which was renamed from "Othello" to "Odin James" or "O. J.", with the story set in an American high school and revolving around sports rather than warfare. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a> film <i><a href="/wiki/Kaliyattam" title="Kaliyattam">Kaliyattam</a></i> is an adapted version of <i>Othello</i> against the backdrop of the <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> <a href="/wiki/Theyyam" title="Theyyam">Theyyam</a> performance. In 1998, <a href="/wiki/Suresh_Gopi" title="Suresh Gopi">Suresh Gopi</a> received the National Film Award for Best Actor, and <a href="/wiki/Jayaraj" title="Jayaraj">Jayaraj</a> the award for Best Director for their work on the film. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Omkara_(2006_film)" title="Omkara (2006 film)">Omkara</a></i> is a version in <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> set in <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, starring <a href="/wiki/Ajay_Devgan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ajay Devgan">Ajay Devgan</a> as Omkara (Othello), <a href="/wiki/Saif_Ali_Khan" title="Saif Ali Khan">Saif Ali Khan</a> as Langda Tyagi (Iago), <a href="/wiki/Kareena_Kapoor" class="mw-redirect" title="Kareena Kapoor">Kareena Kapoor</a> as Dolly (Desdemona), <a href="/wiki/Vivek_Oberoi" title="Vivek Oberoi">Vivek Oberoi</a> as Kesu (Cassio), <a href="/wiki/Bipasha_Basu" title="Bipasha Basu">Bipasha Basu</a> as Billo (Bianca) and <a href="/wiki/Konkona_Sen_Sharma" title="Konkona Sen Sharma">Konkona Sen Sharma</a> as Indu (Emilia). The film was directed by <a href="/wiki/Vishal_Bhardwaj" title="Vishal Bhardwaj">Vishal Bhardwaj</a> who earlier adapted Shakespeare's <a href="/wiki/Macbeth" title="Macbeth">Macbeth</a> as <i><a href="/wiki/Maqbool" title="Maqbool">Maqbool</a></i>. All characters in the film share the same letter or sound in their first name as in the original <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakespeare">Shakespeare</a> classic. It is one of the few mainstream <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_India" title="Cinema of India">Indian movies</a> to contain uncensored profanity. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_other_film_adaptations">In other film adaptations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultural_references_to_Othello&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: In other film adaptations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1909 silent film shot in Venice<sup id="cite_ref-Buchanan_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Buchanan-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1909 German directed by, and stars, Franz Porten as Othello, <a href="/wiki/Henny_Porten" title="Henny Porten">Henny Porten</a> as Desdemona, and <a href="/wiki/Rosa_Porten" title="Rosa Porten">Rosa Porten</a> as Emilia.</li> <li>1914 silent film shot in Venice<sup id="cite_ref-Buchanan_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Buchanan-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1922 <i><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1922_film)" title="Othello (1922 film)">Othello</a></i>, German, starring <a href="/wiki/Emil_Jannings" title="Emil Jannings">Emil Jannings</a> as Othello, <a href="/wiki/Werner_Krauss" title="Werner Krauss">Werner Krauss</a> as Iago, and <a href="/wiki/Ica_von_Lenkeffy" title="Ica von Lenkeffy">Ica von Lenkeffy</a> as Desdemona<sup id="cite_ref-Buchanan_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Buchanan-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>1947 Othello forms the backdrop for the 1947 <a href="/wiki/Film_noir" title="Film noir">film noir</a> <a href="/wiki/A_Double_Life_(1947_film)" title="A Double Life (1947 film)">A Double Life</a> in which actor Anthony Johns (<a href="/wiki/Ronald_Colman" title="Ronald Colman">Ronald Colman</a>) becomes so immersed in the production, that he takes on the Moor's murderous jealousy in his real life.</li> <li>1952 <i><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1952_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Othello (1952 film)">Othello</a></i>, United States, directed by, and stars, <a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a> as Othello, also starring <a href="/wiki/Miche%C3%A1l_Mac_Liamm%C3%B3ir" title="Micheál Mac Liammóir">Micheál Mac Liammóir</a> as Iago, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Coote" title="Robert Coote">Robert Coote</a> as Roderigo, <a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Cloutier" title="Suzanne Cloutier">Suzanne Cloutier</a> as Desdemona, Michael Laurence as Cassio, <a href="/wiki/Fay_Compton" title="Fay Compton">Fay Compton</a> as Emilia and <a href="/wiki/Doris_Dowling" title="Doris Dowling">Doris Dowling</a> as Bianca.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1956 <i><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1956_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Othello (1956 film)">Othello</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="USSR">USSR</a>, starring <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Bondarchuk" title="Sergei Bondarchuk">Sergei Bondarchuk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irina_Skobtseva" title="Irina Skobtseva">Irina Skobtseva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrei_Alekseyevich_Popov" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrei Alekseyevich Popov">Andrei Popov</a>. Directed by <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Yutkevich" title="Sergei Yutkevich">Sergei Yutkevich</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>1956 <i><a href="/wiki/Jubal_(film)" title="Jubal (film)">Jubal</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Western_(genre)" title="Western (genre)">Western</a> setting</li> <li>1962 <i><a href="/wiki/All_Night_Long_(1962_film)" title="All Night Long (1962 film)">All Night Long</a></i> (British) Othello is Rex, a jazz bandleader. <a href="/wiki/Dave_Brubeck" title="Dave Brubeck">Dave Brubeck</a> and other jazz musicians appear in the film.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>1965 <i><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1965_British_film)" title="Othello (1965 British film)">Othello</a></i> with <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maggie_Smith" title="Maggie Smith">Maggie Smith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Finlay" title="Frank Finlay">Frank Finlay</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Joyce_Redman" title="Joyce Redman">Joyce Redman</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>1967 <i>Othello-67</i>. Directed by <a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Khitruk" title="Fyodor Khitruk">Fyodor Khitruk</a>. A 50-second animated parody made for Montreal's <a href="/wiki/Expo_67" title="Expo 67">Expo 67</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1974 <i><a href="/wiki/Catch_My_Soul" title="Catch My Soul">Catch My Soul</a></i> adapted from <a href="/wiki/Jack_Good_(producer)" title="Jack Good (producer)">Jack Good</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Catch_My_Soul_(UK_stage_version)" class="mw-redirect" title="Catch My Soul (UK stage version)">rock musical</a>, directed by <a href="/wiki/Patrick_McGoohan" title="Patrick McGoohan">Patrick McGoohan</a> and starring <a href="/wiki/Richie_Havens" title="Richie Havens">Richie Havens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lance_LeGault" title="Lance LeGault">Lance LeGault</a>, <a href="/wiki/Season_Hubley" title="Season Hubley">Season Hubley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tony_Joe_White" title="Tony Joe White">Tony Joe White</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>1982 <i>Othello, the Black Commando</i> written by and starring Max H. Boulois with <a href="/wiki/Tony_Curtis" title="Tony Curtis">Tony Curtis</a> as Colonel Iago and <a href="/wiki/Joanna_Pettet" title="Joanna Pettet">Joanna Pettet</a> as Desdemona<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>1986 <i><a href="/wiki/Otello_(1986_film)" title="Otello (1986 film)">Otello</a></i>, adaptation of Verdi's opera <a href="/wiki/Otello" title="Otello">of the same name</a></li> <li>1992 <i><a href="/wiki/Champakulam_Thachan" title="Champakulam Thachan">Champakulam Thachan</a></i>, a <a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a> film.</li> <li>1995 <i><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1995_film)" title="Othello (1995 film)">Othello</a></i> with <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Branagh" title="Kenneth Branagh">Kenneth Branagh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Fishburne" title="Laurence Fishburne">Laurence Fishburne</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ir%C3%A8ne_Jacob" title="Irène Jacob">Irène Jacob</a>. Directed by <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Parker" title="Oliver Parker">Oliver Parker</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cartmell_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cartmell-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>1997 <i><a href="/wiki/Kaliyattam" title="Kaliyattam">Kaliyattam</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayalam language">Malayalam</a>, a modern update, set in <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a>, starring <a href="/wiki/Suresh_Gopi" title="Suresh Gopi">Suresh Gopi</a> as Othello, which won him the national award for best actor, Lal as Iago, <a href="/wiki/Manju_Warrier" title="Manju Warrier">Manju Warrier</a> as Desdemona, directed by <a href="/wiki/Jayaraaj" class="mw-redirect" title="Jayaraaj">Jayaraaj</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>1997 <i>Othello: Dangerous Desire</i> (alternative title: <i>Othello 2000</i>), a modern <a href="/wiki/Hardcore_pornography" title="Hardcore pornography">hardcore pornographic</a> re-telling directed by <a href="/wiki/Joe_D%27Amato" title="Joe D'Amato">Joe D'Amato</a> and starring <a href="/wiki/Sean_Michaels_(actor)" title="Sean Michaels (actor)">Sean Michaels</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2001 <a href="/wiki/O_(2001_film)" title="O (2001 film)"><i>O</i></a>, a modern update, set in an American high school. Stars <a href="/wiki/Mekhi_Phifer" title="Mekhi Phifer">Mekhi Phifer</a> as Odin (Othello), <a href="/wiki/Julia_Stiles" title="Julia Stiles">Julia Stiles</a> as Desi (Desdemona), and <a href="/wiki/Josh_Hartnett" title="Josh Hartnett">Josh Hartnett</a> as Hugo (Iago).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>2002 <i>Eloise</i> a modern update, set in Sydney, Australia.</li> <li>2004 <i><a href="/wiki/Stage_Beauty" title="Stage Beauty">Stage Beauty</a></i>, a romantic period drama, set in the 17th century, on the theme of male and female actors playing women's roles – with the role of Desdemona as the example.</li> <li>2006 <a href="/wiki/Omkara_(2006_film)" title="Omkara (2006 film)"><i>Omkara</i></a>, a <a href="/wiki/Hindi_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindi film">Hindi film</a> adaptation of Othello starring Bollywood megastar <a href="/wiki/Ajay_Devgan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ajay Devgan">Ajay Devgan</a> as Omkara (Othello), directed by <a href="/wiki/Vishal_Bhardwaj" title="Vishal Bhardwaj">Vishal Bhardwaj</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>2008 <a href="/wiki/Jarum_Halus" title="Jarum Halus">Jarum Halus</a> a modern updated Malaysian version, in English and Malay by Mark Tan.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012 Otel•lo,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a free adaptation directed by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hammudi_Al-Rahmoun_Font&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hammudi Al-Rahmoun Font (page does not exist)">Hammudi Al-Rahmoun Font</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="On_television">On television</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultural_references_to_Othello&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: On television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1955 <i>Othello</i>, aired on BBC Television, with <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Heath" title="Gordon Heath">Gordon Heath</a> as Othello. A telerecording of the broadcast still exists<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1981 <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">Othello</a></i>, part of the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>'s complete works Shakespeare. Starring <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Hopkins" title="Anthony Hopkins">Anthony Hopkins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hoskins" title="Bob Hoskins">Bob Hoskins</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>1990 <i><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1990_television)" class="mw-redirect" title="Othello (1990 television)">Othello</a></i> (1990) A videotaped version of the last <a href="/wiki/Royal_Shakespeare_Company" title="Royal Shakespeare Company">Royal Shakespeare Company</a> production at <a href="/wiki/The_Other_Place_(theatre)" title="The Other Place (theatre)">The Other Place</a> starring <a href="/wiki/Willard_White" title="Willard White">Willard White</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ian_McKellen" title="Ian McKellen">Ian McKellen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clive_Swift" title="Clive Swift">Clive Swift</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Grandage" title="Michael Grandage">Michael Grandage</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sean_Baker_(actor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sean Baker (actor) (page does not exist)">Sean Baker</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Imogen_Stubbs" title="Imogen Stubbs">Imogen Stubbs</a>. Directed by <a href="/wiki/Trevor_Nunn" title="Trevor Nunn">Trevor Nunn</a>.</li> <li>2001 <i><a href="/wiki/Othello_(2001_TV_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Othello (2001 TV film)">Othello</a></i>. British made-for-TV film. A modern-day adaptation in modern English, in which Othello is the first black Commissioner of London's <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Police" title="Metropolitan Police">Metropolitan Police</a>. Made for <a href="/wiki/ITV_(TV_network)" title="ITV (TV network)">ITV</a> by <a href="/wiki/London_Weekend_Television" title="London Weekend Television">LWT</a>. Scripted by <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Davies_(writer)" title="Andrew Davies (writer)">Andrew Davies</a>. Directed by <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Sax" title="Geoffrey Sax">Geoffrey Sax</a>. Starring <a href="/wiki/Eamonn_Walker" title="Eamonn Walker">Eamonn Walker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Eccleston" title="Christopher Eccleston">Christopher Eccleston</a> and <a href="/wiki/Keeley_Hawes" title="Keeley Hawes">Keeley Hawes</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>2008 <i>Othello, The Tragedy of The Moor</i>. A two-hour television adaptation starring <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Rota" title="Carlo Rota">Carlo Rota</a> in the title role. Director <a href="/wiki/Zaib_Shaikh" title="Zaib Shaikh">Zaib Shaikh</a> maintains the theatrical feel of the play, while shooting in a studio-controlled environment. Also starring <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Deslippe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matthew Deslippe (page does not exist)">Matthew Deslippe</a> as Iago, <a href="/wiki/Christine_Horne" title="Christine Horne">Christine Horne</a> as Desdemona, <a href="/wiki/Graham_Abbey" title="Graham Abbey">Graham Abbey</a> as Cassio. The adaptation was co-written by Zaib Shaikh and <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Edison" title="Matthew Edison">Matthew Edison</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cbc.ca_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbc.ca-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011– An Indian daily soap named "<a href="/wiki/Gunahon_Ka_Devta_(TV_series)" title="Gunahon Ka Devta (TV series)">Gunahon ka Devta</a>" aired on <a href="/wiki/Imagine_TV" title="Imagine TV">Imagine TV</a> was loosely based on Shakespeare's famed Othello</li> <li>2022 <i><a href="/wiki/Tulsa_King" title="Tulsa King">Tulsa King</a></i> starring <a href="/wiki/Sylvester_Stalone" class="mw-redirect" title="Sylvester Stalone">Sylvester Stalone</a> visually features the book and his character is said to have read it during his incarceration.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_music">In music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultural_references_to_Othello&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: In music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In 1891-2, the Bohemian/Czech composer <a href="/wiki/Antonin_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonin Dvořák">Antonin Dvořák</a> composed the overture 'Othello', Op 93 (cf <a href="/wiki/Othello_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Othello (Dvořák)">Othello</a>)</li> <li>In 1914, the Ukrainian-born <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Bortkiewicz" title="Sergei Bortkiewicz">Sergei Bortkiewicz</a> composed his orchestral Symphonic poem after 'Othello', Op 19.</li> <li>In 1963, the Soviet composer <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Mikhailovich_Yurovsky" title="Vladimir Mikhailovich Yurovsky">Vladimir Yurovsky</a> finished his tragic Symphonic poem for a narrator, choir and orchestra after 'Othello', Op. 58.</li> <li>In 1987, Australian singer <a href="/wiki/Paul_Kelly_(Australian_musician)" title="Paul Kelly (Australian musician)">Paul Kelly</a> wrote a song called "Desdemona", a reference to Othello's love interest.</li> <li>Chicago-based hip-hop group <a href="/w/index.php?title=Q_Brothers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Q Brothers (page does not exist)">Q Brothers</a> created a modern adaptation with Othello being a record producer called "Othello: The Remix."</li> <li>In 2014 R&B artist <a href="/wiki/SZA_(singer)" class="mw-redirect" title="SZA (singer)">SZA</a> referenced characters from Othello and Shakespeare himself on her song "Childs Play": "Come Desdemona / Othello and tragedies / Shakespearean sorrows".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 2016 R&B artist <a href="/wiki/Frank_Ocean" title="Frank Ocean">Frank Ocean</a> referenced Othello in his song Nikes "Must be on that white like Othello".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Send_Them_Off!" title="Send Them Off!">Send Them Off!</a>", song by British band <a href="/wiki/Bastille_(band)" title="Bastille (band)">Bastille</a> is inspired by both Othello and the classic horror film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Exorcist_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Exorcist (film)">The Exorcist</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 2017 singer-songwriter <a href="/wiki/Harry_Styles" title="Harry Styles">Harry Styles</a> possibly referenced Act III Scene III in his song "Sweet Creature."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Graphic_novels">Graphic novels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultural_references_to_Othello&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Graphic novels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Othello</i>, an adaptation by <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Z%C3%A1rate" title="Oscar Zárate">Oscar Zárate</a>, Oval Projects Ltd (1985). It was reprinted in 2005 by Can of Worms Press and includes the complete text of the play. </p><p>In January 2009, a <a href="/wiki/Manga" title="Manga">manga</a> adaptation was published in the United Kingdom, with art by Ryuta Osada. It is part of the Manga Shakespeare series by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Appignanesi" title="Richard Appignanesi">Richard Appignanesi</a>, and is set in Venice in carnival season.<sup id="cite_ref-test_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-test-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fiction">Fiction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultural_references_to_Othello&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Fiction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Moore_(author)" title="Christopher Moore (author)">Christopher Moore</a> combines <i>Othello</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Merchant_of_Venice" title="The Merchant of Venice">The Merchant of Venice</a></i> in his 2014 comic novel <i>The Serpent of Venice</i>, in which he makes Portia (from <i>The Merchant of Venice</i>) and Desdemona (from <i>Othello</i>) sisters. All of the characters come from those two plays with the exception of Pocket, the Fool, who comes from Moore's earlier novel based on <i><a href="/wiki/King_Lear" title="King Lear">King Lear</a></i>. </p><p>The supporting character <a href="/wiki/Iago_(Disney)" class="mw-redirect" title="Iago (Disney)">Iago</a> in <a href="/wiki/The_Walt_Disney_Company" title="The Walt Disney Company">Disney</a> franchise <a href="/wiki/Aladdin_(Disney)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aladdin (Disney)">Aladdin</a> is named after the antagonist of the play, Iago. <i>I, Iago</i> by <a href="/wiki/Nicole_Galland" title="Nicole Galland">Nicole Galland</a> depicts Iago, as the protagonist and explores his potential motivations and history. </p><p>The plot of the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese language</a> novel <i><a href="/wiki/Dom_Casmurro" title="Dom Casmurro">Dom Casmurro</a></i> by the <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_literature" title="Brazilian literature">Brazilian</a> author <a href="/wiki/Machado_de_Assis" title="Machado de Assis">Machado de Assis</a>, a translator of <i>Othello</i> into Portuguese, is based upon the play. It is generally considered one of the great novels of Brazilian literature. </p><p>In 2017, Hogarth (a division of Penguin Random House company) published, as part of the Shakespeare Project, a novel by Tracy Chevalier, <i>New Boy</i>. The characters from <i>Othello</i> are transposed in a Washington D.C. school where eleven-year-old boys and girls re-enact the shakespearian tragedy but in the 1970s. </p><p>Mustafa Said, the <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudanese</a> central figure of <a href="/wiki/Tayeb_Salih" title="Tayeb Salih">Tayeb Salih</a>'s Arabic language novel <a href="/wiki/Season_of_Migration_to_the_North" title="Season of Migration to the North">Season of Migration to the North</a> (<a href="/wiki/1966" title="1966">1966</a>) refers to himself as Othello and kills his English wife with Jean Morris with a knife out of jealousy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other">Other</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultural_references_to_Othello&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Other"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Othello Cake</i>, Danish cake with a <a href="/wiki/Macaron" title="Macaron">Macaron</a> base, cream and chocolate glaze. The cake is named after the play, with the white cream and dark chocolate signifying the relationship between Desdemona and Othello.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultural_references_to_Othello&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://americanart.si.edu/artwork/i-saw-othellos-visage-his-mind-114139">"I Saw Othello's Visage in His Mind | Smithsonian American Art Museum"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I+Saw+Othello%27s+Visage+in+His+Mind+%26%23124%3B+Smithsonian+American+Art+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Famericanart.si.edu%2Fartwork%2Fi-saw-othellos-visage-his-mind-114139&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACultural+references+to+Othello" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090814201725/http://www.kennedy-center.org/calendar/index.cfm?fuseaction=showIndividual&entitY_id=3525&source_type=A">"Biographical information for Placido Domingo"</a>. Kennedy Center. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kennedy-center.org/calendar/index.cfm?fuseaction=showIndividual&entitY_id=3525&source_type=A">the original</a> on 14 August 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biographical+information+for+Placido+Domingo&rft.pub=Kennedy+Center&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kennedy-center.org%2Fcalendar%2Findex.cfm%3Ffuseaction%3DshowIndividual%26entitY_id%3D3525%26source_type%3DA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACultural+references+to+Othello" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100326061245/http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/shows/othello/othello.html">"Great Performances . Dance in America: Lar Lubovitch's "Othello" from San Francisco Ballet"</a>. PBS. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/shows/othello/othello.html">the original</a> on 26 March 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Great+Performances+.+Dance+in+America%3A+Lar+Lubovitch%27s+%22Othello%22+from+San+Francisco+Ballet&rft.pub=PBS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fwnet%2Fgperf%2Fshows%2Fothello%2Fothello.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACultural+references+to+Othello" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cartmell-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cartmell_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cartmell_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cartmell_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cartmell_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cartmell_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cartmell, Deborah (2000) <i>Interpreting Shakespeare on screen</i> Palgrave MacMillan pp72-77 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-23393-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-23393-8">978-0-312-23393-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Buchanan-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Buchanan_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Buchanan_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Buchanan_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Buchanan, <i>Shakespeare on Silent Film</i> (2009)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brigitte Tast, Hans-Jürgen Tast: <i>Orson Welles – Othello – Mogador. Aufenthalte in Essaouira</i>, Kulleraugen Vis.Komm. Nr. 42, Schellerten 2013, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-88842-042-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-88842-042-9">978-3-88842-042-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animationobsessive.substack.com/p/animating-out-of-spite">Animating Out of Spite</a>. <i>Animation Obsessive</i>. 2021-10-24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SblI62qq_bg">"Othello-67" on Youtube</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurt2016" class="citation book cs1">Burt, Richard (30 April 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=g7QYDAAAQBAJ"><i>Unspeakable ShaXXXspeares, Revised Edition: Queer Theory and American Kiddie Culture</i></a>. Springer. p. 79. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-137-07867-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-137-07867-4"><bdi>978-1-137-07867-4</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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ScreenRant.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dwight%27s+Books+In+Tulsa+King+Secretly+Reveal+5+Details+About+Him&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscreenrant.com%2Ftulsa-king-dwight-books-prison-meaning-reveals%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACultural+references+to+Othello" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genius.com/2982319">"Come Desdemona, Othello and tragedies / Shakespearean sorrows"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Come+Desdemona%2C+Othello+and+tragedies+%2F+Shakespearean+sorrows&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenius.com%2F2982319&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACultural+references+to+Othello" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genius.com/10261679">"You must be on that white like Othello"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=You+must+be+on+that+white+like+Othello&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenius.com%2F10261679&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACultural+references+to+Othello" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFbastille2015" class="citation web cs1">@bastille (17 December 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/bastille/status/677291430188978176">"@alexandra_hurts indeed! 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Genius&rft.atitle=Harry+Styles+References+Shakespeare%27s+%27Othello%27+On+New+Single+%22Sweet+Creature%22&rft.date=2017-05-02&rft.aulast=Mench&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenius.com%2Fa%2Fharry-styles-references-shakespeare-s-othello-on-new-single-sweet-creature&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACultural+references+to+Othello" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-test-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-test_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mangashakespeare.com/titles/othello.html">"Othello"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Othello&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mangashakespeare.com%2Ftitles%2Fothello.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACultural+references+to+Othello" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://laglace.dk/kage/othellokage/">"Othellokage"</a>. <i>La Glace</i> (in Danish). Conditori La Glace<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Glace&rft.atitle=Othellokage&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flaglace.dk%2Fkage%2Fothellokage%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACultural+references+to+Othello" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library">Library resources</a> about <br /> <b>Cultural references to Othello</b> <hr /></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Cultural+references+to+Othello">Resources in your library</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Cultural+references+to+Othello&library=0CHOOSE0">Resources in other libraries</a></li> </ul></div></div> </div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultural_references_to_Othello&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Cultural_references_to_Othello" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Special:Search/Cultural references to Othello">Cultural references to Othello</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Cultural_references_to_Othello" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Cultural references to Othello">Cultural references to Othello</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shakespearestudyguide.com/OthelloText.html">The Annotated Othello</a> Complete text of Othello with explanations of difficult words and passages. No ads or images.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shakespeare-navigators.com/othello/"><i>Othello</i> Navigator</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160515075851/http://www.shakespeare-navigators.com/othello/">Archived</a> 15 May 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>—Includes the annotated text, a search engine, and scene summaries.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shakespeare-navigators.com/othello/Osource.html">Cinthio's Tale</a>—A 19th-century English translation of Shakespeare's primary source.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shakespeare-online.com/plays/othelloscenes.html"><i>Othello</i></a>—analysis, explanatory notes, and lectures.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maximumedge.com/shakespeare/othello.htm"><i>Othello</i></a>—Scene-indexed and searchable version of the text.</li> <li><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/search?title=Othello&author=Shakespeare&reader=&keywords=&genre_id=0&status=all&project_type=either&recorded_language=&sort_order=catalog_date&search_page=1&search_form=advanced"><i>Othello</i></a> public domain audiobook at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-show/6823"><i>Cultural references to Othello</i></a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Broadway_Database" title="Internet Broadway Database">Internet Broadway Database</a> – lists numerous productions.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shmoop.com/othello/"><i>Othello</i></a> study guide, themes, quotes, multimedia, and teacher resources</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191128161921/https://www.risenotes.com/othello/Othello.php"><i>Othello</i></a> Act and scene wise summary & quotes, analysis, characters, topic discussions.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bl.uk/works/othello"><i>Othello</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200715175011/https://www.bl.uk/works/othello">Archived</a> 15 July 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at the British Library</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.owleyes.org/text/othello">Othello</a></i>—Annotated text aligned to Common Core standards.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Cymbeline" title="Cymbeline">Cymbeline</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Love%27s_Labour%27s_Lost" title="Love's Labour's Lost">Love's Labour's Lost</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Measure_for_Measure" title="Measure for Measure">Measure for Measure</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Merchant_of_Venice" title="The Merchant of Venice">The Merchant of Venice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Merry_Wives_of_Windsor" title="The Merry Wives of Windsor">The Merry Wives of Windsor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream">A Midsummer Night's Dream</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Much_Ado_About_Nothing" title="Much Ado About Nothing">Much Ado About Nothing</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pericles,_Prince_of_Tyre" title="Pericles, Prince of Tyre">Pericles, Prince of Tyre</a></i> ✻</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Taming_of_the_Shrew" title="The Taming of the Shrew">The Taming of the Shrew</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest" title="The Tempest">The Tempest</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Night" title="Twelfth Night">Twelfth Night</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona" title="The Two Gentlemen of Verona">The Two Gentlemen of Verona</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen" title="The Two Noble Kinsmen">The Two Noble Kinsmen</a></i> ✻</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Winter%27s_Tale" title="The Winter's Tale">The Winter's Tale</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_tragedy" title="Shakespearean tragedy">Tragedies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Antony_and_Cleopatra" title="Antony and Cleopatra">Antony and Cleopatra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coriolanus" title="Coriolanus">Coriolanus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet" title="Hamlet">Hamlet</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar_(play)" title="Julius Caesar (play)">Julius Caesar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/King_Lear" title="King Lear">King Lear</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Macbeth" title="Macbeth">Macbeth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Othello" title="Othello">Othello</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet" title="Romeo and Juliet">Romeo and Juliet</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Timon_of_Athens" title="Timon of Athens">Timon of Athens</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Titus_Andronicus" title="Titus Andronicus">Titus Andronicus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Troilus_and_Cressida" title="Troilus and Cressida">Troilus and Cressida</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_history" title="Shakespearean history">Histories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/King_John_(play)" title="King John (play)">King John</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Edward_III_(play)" title="Edward III (play)">Edward III</a></i> ✻</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Richard_II_(play)" title="Richard II (play)">Richard II</a></i></li> <li><i>Henry IV</i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Part_1" title="Henry IV, Part 1">1</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Part_2" title="Henry IV, Part 2">2</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_V_(play)" title="Henry V (play)">Henry V</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI_(play)" title="Henry VI (play)">Henry VI</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Part_1" title="Henry VI, Part 1">1</a></i> ✻</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Part_2" title="Henry VI, Part 2">2</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Part_3" title="Henry VI, Part 3">3</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Richard_III_(play)" title="Richard III (play)">Richard III</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII_(play)" title="Henry VIII (play)">Henry VIII</a></i> ✻</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Early_texts_of_Shakespeare%27s_works" title="Early texts of Shakespeare's works">Early editions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Shakespeare_plays_in_quarto" title="List of Shakespeare plays in quarto">Quarto publications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Folio" title="First Folio">First Folio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Folio" title="Second Folio">Second Folio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_problem_play" title="Shakespearean problem play">Problem plays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_late_romances" title="Shakespeare's late romances">Late romances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henriad" title="Henriad">Henriad</a></li> <li>Characters <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Shakespearean_characters_(A%E2%80%93K)" title="List of Shakespearean characters (A–K)">A–K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Shakespearean_characters_(L%E2%80%93Z)" title="List of Shakespearean characters (L–Z)">L–Z</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_character" title="Ghost character">Ghost character</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_Shakespeare%27s_plays" title="Chronology of Shakespeare's plays">Chronology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_in_performance" title="Shakespeare in performance">Performances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Shakespearean_settings" title="List of Shakespearean settings">Settings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Shakespearean_scenes" title="List of Shakespearean scenes">Scenes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Chandos_portrait" title="Chandos portrait"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Shakespeare_%28oval-cropped%29.png/75px-Shakespeare_%28oval-cropped%29.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Shakespeare_%28oval-cropped%29.png/113px-Shakespeare_%28oval-cropped%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Shakespeare_%28oval-cropped%29.png/150px-Shakespeare_%28oval-cropped%29.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_sonnets" title="Shakespeare's sonnets">Shakespeare's sonnets</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petrarch%27s_and_Shakespeare%27s_sonnets" title="Petrarch's and Shakespeare's sonnets">comparison to Petrarch</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Lover%27s_Complaint" title="A Lover's Complaint">A Lover's Complaint</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Phoenix_and_the_Turtle" title="The Phoenix and the Turtle">The Phoenix and the Turtle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rape_of_Lucrece" title="The Rape of Lucrece">The Rape of Lucrece</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Venus_and_Adonis_(Shakespeare_poem)" title="Venus and Adonis (Shakespeare poem)">Venus and Adonis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_apocrypha" title="Shakespeare apocrypha">Apocrypha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Arden_of_Faversham" title="Arden of Faversham">Arden of Faversham</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Birth_of_Merlin" title="The Birth of Merlin">The Birth of Merlin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_History_of_Cardenio" title="The History of Cardenio">Cardenio</a></i> ✻†</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Double_Falsehood" title="Double Falsehood">Double Falsehood</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Ironside_(play)" title="Edmund Ironside (play)">Edmund Ironside</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fair_Em" title="Fair Em">Fair Em</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Locrine" title="Locrine">Locrine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Prodigal" title="The London Prodigal">The London Prodigal</a></i></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Love%27s_Labour%27s_Won" title="Love's Labour's Won">Love's Labour's Won</a></i> †</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Merry_Devil_of_Edmonton" title="The Merry Devil of Edmonton">The Merry Devil of Edmonton</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mucedorus" title="Mucedorus">Mucedorus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Puritan" title="The Puritan">The Puritan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Second_Maiden%27s_Tragedy" title="The Second Maiden's Tragedy">The Second Maiden's Tragedy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sejanus_His_Fall" title="Sejanus His Fall">Sejanus His Fall</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Oldcastle" title="Sir John Oldcastle">Sir John Oldcastle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sir_Thomas_More_(play)" title="Sir Thomas More (play)">Sir Thomas More</a></i> ✻</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Spanish_Tragedy" title="The Spanish Tragedy">The Spanish Tragedy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lord_Cromwell" title="Thomas Lord Cromwell">Thomas Lord Cromwell</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thomas_of_Woodstock_(play)" title="Thomas of Woodstock (play)">Thomas of Woodstock</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ur-Hamlet" title="Ur-Hamlet">Ur-Hamlet</a></i> †</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vortigern_and_Rowena" title="Vortigern and Rowena">Vortigern and Rowena</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Yorkshire_Tragedy" title="A Yorkshire Tragedy">A Yorkshire Tragedy</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Passionate_Pilgrim" title="The Passionate Pilgrim">The Passionate Pilgrim</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/To_the_Queen" title="To the Queen">To the Queen</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Life_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Life of William Shakespeare">Life</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/List_of_works_by_William_Shakespeare" title="List of works by William Shakespeare">works</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_Birthplace" title="Shakespeare's Birthplace">Birthplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_works_by_William_Shakespeare" title="List of works by William Shakespeare">Bibliography</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Complete_Works_of_Shakespeare" title="Complete Works of Shakespeare">Complete Works</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_translations_of_works_by_William_Shakespeare" title="List of translations of works by William Shakespeare">Translations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_coat_of_arms" title="Shakespeare coat of arms">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare%27s_collaborations" title="William Shakespeare's collaborations">Collaborations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_editors" title="Shakespeare's editors">Editors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Renaissance_theatre" title="English Renaissance theatre">English Renaissance theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globe_Theatre" title="Globe Theatre">Globe Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_handwriting" title="Shakespeare's handwriting">Handwriting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Chamberlain%27s_Men" title="Lord Chamberlain's Men">Lord Chamberlain's Men</a>/<a href="/wiki/King%27s_Men_(playing_company)" title="King's Men (playing company)">King's Men</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Theatre" title="The Theatre">The Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtain_Theatre" title="Curtain Theatre">Curtain Theatre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_in_the_plays_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Music in the plays of William Shakespeare">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Place" title="New Place">New Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portraits_of_Shakespeare" title="Portraits of Shakespeare">Portraits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_views_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Religious views of William Shakespeare">Religious views</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Sexuality of William Shakespeare">Sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spelling_of_Shakespeare%27s_name" title="Spelling of Shakespeare's name">Spelling of his name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratford-upon-Avon" title="Stratford-upon-Avon">Stratford-upon-Avon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_writing_style" title="Shakespeare's writing style">Style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_will" title="Shakespeare's will">Will</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Trinity,_Stratford-upon-Avon" title="Church of the Holy Trinity, Stratford-upon-Avon">Grave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Reputation_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Reputation of William Shakespeare">Legacy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_attribution_studies" title="Shakespeare attribution studies">Attribution studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_authorship_question" title="Shakespeare authorship question">Authorship question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardolatry" title="Bardolatry">Bardolatry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_festival" title="Shakespeare festival">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_garden" title="Shakespeare garden">Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influence_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Influence of William Shakespeare">Influence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorials_to_William_Shakespeare" title="Memorials to William Shakespeare">Memorials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_William_Shakespeare_screen_adaptations" title="List of William Shakespeare screen adaptations">Screen adaptations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_and_Star_Trek" title="Shakespeare and Star Trek">Shakespeare and <i>Star Trek</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_influence_on_Tolkien" title="Shakespeare's influence on Tolkien">Shakespeare's influence on Tolkien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_works_titled_after_Shakespeare" title="List of works titled after Shakespeare">Works titled after Shakespeare</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Institutions" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Folger_Shakespeare_Library" title="Folger Shakespeare Library">Folger Shakespeare Library</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_Quarterly" title="Shakespeare Quarterly">Shakespeare Quarterly</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Shakespeare_Company" title="Royal Shakespeare Company">Royal Shakespeare Company</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Shakespeare_Theatre" title="Royal Shakespeare Theatre">Royal Shakespeare Theatre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_Birthplace_Trust" title="Shakespeare Birthplace Trust">Shakespeare Birthplace Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_Globe" title="Shakespeare's Globe">Shakespeare's Globe</a> (replica)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_Institute" title="Shakespeare Institute">Shakespeare Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Hathaway_(wife_of_Shakespeare)" title="Anne Hathaway (wife of Shakespeare)">Anne Hathaway</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susanna_Hall" title="Susanna Hall">Susanna Hall</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamnet_Shakespeare" title="Hamnet Shakespeare">Hamnet Shakespeare</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Quiney" title="Judith Quiney">Judith Quiney</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Barnard" title="Elizabeth Barnard">Elizabeth Barnard</a> (granddaughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="John Shakespeare">John Shakespeare</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Shakespeare" title="Mary Shakespeare">Mary Arden</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Shakespeare" title="Gilbert Shakespeare">Gilbert Shakespeare</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Shakespeare" title="Joan Shakespeare">Joan Shakespeare</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Shakespeare" title="Edmund Shakespeare">Edmund Shakespeare</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Shakespeare" title="Richard Shakespeare">Richard Shakespeare</a> (grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hall_(physician)" title="John Hall (physician)">John Hall</a> (son-in-law)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Quiney" title="Thomas Quiney">Thomas Quiney</a> (son-in-law)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>✻ <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare%27s_collaborations" title="William Shakespeare's collaborations">Shakespeare and other authors</a></li> <li>† Lost</li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:William_Shakespeare" title="Category:William Shakespeare">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Othello" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Othello" title="Template:Othello"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Othello" title="Template talk:Othello"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Othello" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Othello"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Othello" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare's</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Othello" title="Othello">Othello</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Othello#Characters" title="Othello">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Othello_(character)" title="Othello (character)">Othello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desdemona" title="Desdemona">Desdemona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iago" title="Iago">Iago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Cassio" title="Michael Cassio">Cassio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilia_(Othello)" title="Emilia (Othello)">Emilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bianca_(Othello)" title="Bianca (Othello)">Bianca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roderigo" title="Roderigo">Roderigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brabantio" title="Brabantio">Brabantio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Othello#Sources" title="Othello">Source</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Description_of_Africa_(Ramusio_book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Description of Africa (Ramusio book)">Della descrittione dell’Africa</a></i> (1550) by <a href="/wiki/Leo_Africanus" title="Leo Africanus">Leo Africanus</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"Un Capitano Moro" from <i>Gli Hecatommithi</i> (1565) by <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Giraldi" title="Giovanni Battista Giraldi">Cintio</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Othello#Performance_history" title="Othello">Stage<br />adaptations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Duke_of_Milan" title="The Duke of Milan">The Duke of Milan</a></i> (1623)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Love%27s_Sacrifice" title="Love's Sacrifice">Love's Sacrifice</a></i> (1633)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Masquerade_(play)" title="Masquerade (play)">Masquerade</a></i> (1835)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Othello_(Orson_Welles_stage_production)" title="Othello (Orson Welles stage production)">Othello</a></i> (1951)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i>Catch My Soul</i> (US; 1969)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catch_My_Soul_(musical)" title="Catch My Soul (musical)">Catch My Soul</a></i> (UK; 1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Desdemona_(play)" title="Desdemona (play)"> Desdemona</a></i> (2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#In_opera">Opera</a> and <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#In_ballet">ballet</a><br />adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Otello_(Rossini)" title="Otello (Rossini)">Otello</a></i> (1816; opera by Rossini)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Otello" title="Otello">Otello</a></i> (1887; opera by Verdi)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Othello_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Othello (Dvořák)">Othello</a></i> (1892; overture)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Moor%27s_Pavane" title="The Moor's Pavane">The Moor's Pavane</a></i> (1949; ballet)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Othello_(ballet)" title="Othello (ballet)">Othello</a></i> (1998; ballet score)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Bandanna_(opera)" title="Bandanna (opera)">Bandanna</a></i> (1999; opera)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#In_film">Films</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1922_film)" title="Othello (1922 film)">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1951_film)" title="Othello (1951 film)">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1955_film)" title="Othello (1955 film)">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1965_British_film)" title="Othello (1965 British film)">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1995_film)" title="Othello (1995 film)">1995</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#In_television">TV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1964_Australian_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Othello (1964 Australian film)">1964 Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#Othello" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1990_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Othello (1990 film)">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare:_The_Animated_Tales#Othello" title="Shakespeare: The Animated Tales">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Othello_(2001_film)" title="Othello (2001 film)">2001</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#In_other_film_adaptations">Film<br />adaptations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Jubal_(film)" title="Jubal (film)">Jubal</a></i> (1956)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/All_Night_Long_(1962_film)" title="All Night Long (1962 film)">All Night Long</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catch_My_Soul" title="Catch My Soul">Catch My Soul</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kaliyattam" title="Kaliyattam">Kaliyattam</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/O_(2001_film)" title="O (2001 film)">O</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Souli_(film)" title="Souli (film)">Souli</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Omkara_(2006_film)" title="Omkara (2006 film)">Omkara</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jarum_Halus" title="Jarum Halus">Jarum Halus</a></i> (2008)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">From Verdi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Otello_(1906_film)" title="Otello (1906 film)">Otello</a></i> (1906; film)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Othello_Ballet_Suite/Electronic_Organ_Sonata_No._1" title="Othello Ballet Suite/Electronic Organ Sonata No. 1">Othello Ballet Suite/Electronic Organ Sonata No. 1</a></i> (1967; ballet suite)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Otello_(1986_film)" title="Otello (1986 film)">Otello</a></i> (1986; film)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Othello_Syndrome" title="The Othello Syndrome">The Othello Syndrome</a></i> (2008; album)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#In_painting">Paintings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Othello_(paintings)" title="Othello (paintings)">Othello</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Phrases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Beast_with_two_backs" title="Beast with two backs">Beast with two backs</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Othello_error" title="Othello error">Othello error</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Filming_Othello" title="Filming Othello">Filming Othello</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Story within<br />a story</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Carnival_(1921_film)" title="Carnival (1921 film)">Carnival</a></i> (1921 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Carnival_(1931_film)" title="Carnival (1931 film)">Carnival</a></i> (1931 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Deceiver_(film)" title="The Deceiver (film)">The Deceiver</a></i> (1931)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Men_Are_Not_Gods" title="Men Are Not Gods">Men Are Not Gods</a></i> (1936)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Double_Life_(1947_film)" title="A Double Life (1947 film)">A Double Life</a></i> (1947)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saptapadi_(1961_film)" title="Saptapadi (1961 film)">Saptapadi</a></i> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dresser" title="The Dresser">The Dresser</a></i> (1980 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dresser_(1983_film)" title="The Dresser (1983 film)">The Dresser</a></i> (1983 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Goodnight_Desdemona_(Good_Morning_Juliet)" title="Goodnight Desdemona (Good Morning Juliet)">Goodnight Desdemona</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Imaginary_Tale" title="An Imaginary Tale">An Imaginary Tale</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Velvet_(play)" title="Red Velvet (play)">Red Velvet</a></i> (2012 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dresser_(2015_film)" title="The Dresser (2015 film)">The Dresser</a></i> (2015 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cultural references to Othello</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:TonyAward_Revival" title="Special:EditPage/Template:TonyAward Revival"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tony_Award_for_Best_Revival" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Award_for_Best_Revival" title="Tony Award for Best Revival">Tony Award for Best Revival</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;;width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Porgy_and_Bess" title="Porgy and Bess">Porgy and Bess</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(1977_play)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dracula (1977 play)">Dracula</a></i> (1978)</li> <li>No Award (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Morning%27s_at_Seven" title="Morning's at Seven">Morning's at Seven</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Pirates_of_Penzance" title="The Pirates of Penzance">The Pirates of Penzance</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Othello" title="Othello">Othello</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On_Your_Toes" title="On Your Toes">On Your Toes</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Death_of_a_Salesman" title="Death of a Salesman">Death of a Salesman</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Death_of_Joe_Egg" title="A Day in the Death of Joe Egg">Joe Egg</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sweet_Charity" title="Sweet Charity">Sweet Charity</a></i> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/All_My_Sons" title="All My Sons">All My Sons</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anything_Goes" title="Anything Goes">Anything Goes</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Our_Town" title="Our Town">Our Town</a></i> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gypsy_(musical)" title="Gypsy (musical)">Gypsy</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fiddler_on_the_Roof" title="Fiddler on the Roof">Fiddler on the Roof</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guys_and_Dolls" title="Guys and Dolls">Guys and Dolls</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anna_Christie" title="Anna Christie">Anna Christie</a></i> (1993)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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