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<div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="利用者メニュー" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ja.wikipedia.org&uselang=ja"><span>寄付</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AB%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%90&returnto=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97" title="アカウントを作成してログインすることをお勧めしますが、必須ではありません"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>アカウント作成</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B0%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3&returnto=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97" title="ログインすることを推奨します。ただし、必須ではありません。 [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ログイン</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ログアウトした編集者のページ <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%9A%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%81%B8%E3%82%88%E3%81%86%E3%81%93%E3%81%9D" aria-label="編集の詳細"><span>もっと詳しく</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E8%87%AA%E5%88%86%E3%81%AE%E6%8A%95%E7%A8%BF%E8%A8%98%E9%8C%B2" title="このIPアドレスからなされた編集の一覧 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>投稿記録</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8" title="このIPアドレスからなされた編集についての議論 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>トーク</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="サイト"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目次" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目次</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">非表示</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">ページ先頭</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-歴史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歴史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>歴史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-歴史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-使用状況" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#使用状況"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>使用状況</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-使用状況-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-漢字への借用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#漢字への借用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>漢字への借用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-漢字への借用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-構成" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#構成"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>構成</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-構成-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>構成サブセクションを切り替えます</span> </button> <ul id="toc-構成-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-象形" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#象形"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>象形</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-象形-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-指事" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#指事"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>指事</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-指事-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-会意" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#会意"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>会意</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-会意-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-形声" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#形声"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>形声</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-形声-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-仮借" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#仮借"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>仮借</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-仮借-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-訓読" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#訓読"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>訓読</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-訓読-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-借用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#借用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>借用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-借用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-地域差" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地域差"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>地域差</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-地域差-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-チュノムとの関係" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#チュノムとの関係"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>チュノムとの関係</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-チュノムとの関係-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-脚注" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#脚注"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>脚注</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-脚注-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部リンク" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部リンク"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>外部リンク</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部リンク-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目次" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="目次" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="目次の表示・非表示を切り替え" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">目次の表示・非表示を切り替え</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">古壮字</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="特定の記事の別の言語版に移動します。利用可能な言語16件" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16の言語版</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawndip" title="ドイツ語: Sawndip" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sawndip" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ドイツ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawndip" title="英語: Sawndip" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sawndip" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawndip" title="スペイン語: Sawndip" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sawndip" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="スペイン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawndip" title="フランス語: Sawndip" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sawndip" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="フランス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawndip" title="イタリア語: Sawndip" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sawndip" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="イタリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%A9%EA%B4%B4%EC%9E%A5%EC%9E%90" title="韓国語: 방괴장자" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="방괴장자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓国語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawndip" title="ポーランド語: Sawndip" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sawndip" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ポーランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawndip" title="ポルトガル語: Sawndip" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sawndip" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ポルトガル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="ロシア語: Чжуанское письмо" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Чжуанское письмо" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ロシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawndip" title="スウェーデン語: Sawndip" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sawndip" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="スウェーデン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="タイ語: สือดิบผู้จ่อง" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สือดิบผู้จ่อง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="タイ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E5%9D%97%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97" title="呉語: 方块壮字" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="方块壮字" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="呉語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawndip" title="チワン語: Sawndip" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Sawndip" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="チワン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E5%9D%97%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97" title="中国語: 方块壮字" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="方块壮字" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中国語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawndip" title="閩南語: Sawndip" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sawndip" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="閩南語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E5%A1%8A%E5%A3%AF%E5%AD%97" title="広東語: 方塊壯字" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="方塊壯字" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="広東語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q923677#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="言語間リンクを編集" class="wbc-editpage">リンクを編集</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="名前空間"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97" title="本文を閲覧 [c]" accesskey="c"><span>ページ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88:%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="本文ページについての議論 (存在しないページ) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>ノート</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" 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id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ja" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r94202605">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right" style="width:22em;" id=""> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">この項目には、一部のコンピュータや<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%83%96%E3%83%96%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B6" title="ウェブブラウザ">閲覧ソフト</a>で表示できない文字（<a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%9C%E5%8A%A9%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" class="mw-redirect" title="補助漢字">JIS X 0212</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B0%A1%E4%BD%93%E5%AD%97" title="簡体字">簡体字</a>、<a href="/wiki/CJK%E7%B5%B1%E5%90%88%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97%E6%8B%A1%E5%BC%B5A" title="CJK統合漢字拡張A">CJK統合漢字拡張A</a>、<a href="/wiki/CJK%E7%B5%B1%E5%90%88%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97%E6%8B%A1%E5%BC%B5B" title="CJK統合漢字拡張B">CJK統合漢字拡張B</a>）が含まれています<span class="noprint selfreference">（<a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="Help:特殊文字">詳細</a>）</span>。</div></div> </div> <table class="infobox bordered" style="width:22em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; font-size:125%; font-weight:bold; background-color: mistyrose;" itemprop="">古壮字<br /></th></tr><tr class="" style="" itemprop=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap;">類型:</th><td class="" style="" itemprop=""> <a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E8%AA%9E%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="表語文字">表語文字</a></td></tr><tr class="" style="" itemprop=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap;">言語:</th><td class="" style="" itemprop=""> <a href="/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%AF%E3%83%B3%E8%AA%9E" title="チワン語">チワン語</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%97%E3%82%A4%E8%AA%9E" title="プイ語">プイ語</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%BC%E8%AA%9E" title="タイー語">タイー語</a></td></tr><tr class="" style="" itemprop=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap;">時期:</th><td class="" style="" itemprop=""> <a href="/wiki/7%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" title="7世紀">7世紀</a>頃 - 現在</td></tr><tr class="" style="" itemprop=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap;">親の文字体系:</th><td class="" style="" itemprop=""> <div style="line-height:100%;"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" title="漢字">漢字</a><ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:15px; padding-left:0"><li>古壮字</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="" style="" itemprop=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode範囲</a>:</th><td class="" style="" itemprop=""> <a href="/wiki/CJK%E7%B5%B1%E5%90%88%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" title="CJK統合漢字">CJK統合漢字</a>に含まれる</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><b>注意</b>: このページは<a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a>で書かれた<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E5%A3%B0%E8%A8%98%E5%8F%B7" title="国際音声記号">国際音声記号</a> (IPA) を含む場合があります。</td></tr><tr class="noprint"><td colspan="2" style="text-align:right; font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Infobox_WS" title="Template:Infobox WS">テンプレートを表示</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Lwg_roegbit.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Lwg_roegbit.svg/220px-Lwg_roegbit.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Lwg_roegbit.svg/330px-Lwg_roegbit.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Lwg_roegbit.svg/440px-Lwg_roegbit.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="470" data-file-height="220" /></a><figcaption>子鴨を意味する古壮字（上）<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>と現代チワン語（下）</figcaption></figure> <p><b>古壮字</b>（こそうじ、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" title="英語">英語</a>：Zhuang logogram）は、<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%AF%E3%83%B3%E8%AA%9E" title="チワン語">チワン語</a>（壮語）固有の<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="文字体系">文字体系</a>。 </p><p>現在の<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中華人民共和国">中国</a>南部の<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%83%E8%A5%BF%E3%83%81%E3%83%AF%E3%83%B3%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="広西チワン族自治区">広西チワン族自治区</a>に住む<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%AF%E3%83%B3%E6%97%8F" title="チワン族">チワン族</a>（壮族）の<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E3%83%8B%E3%82%BA%E3%83%A0" title="シャーマニズム">祭祀者</a>が<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%AF%E3%83%B3%E8%AA%9E" title="チワン語">チワン語</a>の記録のために、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" title="漢字">漢字</a>をそのまま利用したり、漢字の構成方法を使って作り出した。 </p><p>形が漢字と同じく<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A3%E3%83%A9%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BB%E3%83%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="キャラクターセル (存在しないページ)">四角い枠</a>に入るので<b>方塊壮字</b>（ほうかいそうじ）とも呼ばれる。チワン語では未成熟な文字という意味でサーウディプ（sawndip <span title="国際音声記号 (IPA)"><span title="国際音声記号(IPA)における表記" class="IPA">[θaːu˨˦ɗip]</span></span>、古壮字：<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Sawndipsawdenj-chars-saw00.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-saw00.svg/18px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-saw00.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-saw00.svg/27px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-saw00.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-saw00.svg/36px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-saw00.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Sawndipsawdenj-chars-ndip00.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-ndip00.svg/18px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-ndip00.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-ndip00.svg/27px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-ndip00.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-ndip00.svg/36px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-ndip00.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>）と呼ばれている。 </p> <div class="infobox" style="width: 170px; padding:0.2em; border: 0;"> <table cellspacing="2" width="170px" style="padding:0.1em;both;float:right;margin:1px 1px 0.5em 0.5em;border:#cccccc 2px solid;background:#efefef;text-align:center;font-size:13px;" class="editsection"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color: #bcbcbc"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Chinese_characters_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Chinese_characters_logo.svg/170px-Chinese_characters_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Chinese_characters_logo.svg/255px-Chinese_characters_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Chinese_characters_logo.svg/340px-Chinese_characters_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="177" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" title="漢字">漢字</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color: #bcbcbc;"> <th><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B8%E4%BD%93" title="書体">書体</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td> <table align="center" style="border-collapse: collapse;font-size:13px;background:#efefef;text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="5" style="font-size:80%;line-height:100%;background-color:#bcbcbc"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AF%86%E5%88%BB" title="篆刻">篆刻</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%86" title="筆">毛筆</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td width="43px"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E9%AA%A8%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="甲骨文字">甲骨文</a> </td> <td width="30px"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%96%87" title="金文">金文</a> </td> <td width="30px"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AF%86%E6%9B%B8%E4%BD%93" title="篆書体">篆書</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%87" title="古文">古文</a> </td> <td width="30px"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%B7%E6%9B%B8%E4%BD%93" title="隷書体">隷書</a> </td> <td width="30px"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%B7%E6%9B%B8%E4%BD%93" title="楷書体">楷書</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%9B%B8%E4%BD%93" title="行書体">行書</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%89%E6%9B%B8%E4%BD%93" title="草書体">草書</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5" style="font-size:80%;line-height:100%;background:#bcbcbc;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E7%89%88%E5%8D%B0%E5%88%B7" title="木版印刷">木版</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%BB%E7%89%88%E5%8D%B0%E5%88%B7" title="活版印刷">活版</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D%E4%BD%93" title="宋朝体">宋朝体</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D%E4%BD%93" title="明朝体">明朝体</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%B7%E6%9B%B8%E4%BD%93#活字" title="楷書体">楷書体</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color: #bcbcbc;"> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%97%E4%BD%93" title="字体">字体</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td> <table align="center" style="border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13px;background:#efefef;text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="font-size:80%;line-height:100%;background-color: #bcbcbc">構成要素 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%86%E7%94%BB" title="筆画">筆画</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%86%E9%A0%86" title="筆順">筆順</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%81%8F%E6%97%81" title="偏旁">偏旁</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8" title="六書">六書</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A8%E9%A6%96" title="部首">部首</a> </td></tr> <tr style="font-size:80%;line-height:100%;background:#bcbcbc;"> <td>標準字体 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AC%E6%96%87%E8%A7%A3%E5%AD%97" title="説文解字">説文解字</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%AF%86%E6%9B%B8%E4%BD%93" title="篆書体">篆書体</a>） </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%97%E6%A7%98%E6%9B%B8" title="字様書">字様書</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%B5%8C" title="石経">石経</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E7%86%99%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8#字体・書体" title="康熙字典">康熙字典体</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A7%E5%AD%97%E4%BD%93" title="旧字体">旧字体</a>） </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%AD%97%E4%BD%93" title="新字体">新字体</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%AD%97%E5%BD%A2" title="新字形">新字形</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AD%97%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E5%AD%97%E4%BD%93" title="国字標準字体">国字標準字体</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8%E5%AD%97%E5%AD%97%E5%BD%A2%E8%A1%A8" title="常用字字形表">常用字字形表</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E6%96%87%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E7%94%A8%E5%9F%BA%E7%A4%8E%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" title="漢文教育用基礎漢字">漢文教育用基礎漢字</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E8%A6%8F%E7%AF%84%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97%E8%A1%A8" title="通用規範漢字表">通用規範漢字表</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:80%;line-height:100%;background-color: #bcbcbc"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9B%BD%E5%AD%97%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C" title="国語国字問題">国字問題</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%93%E7%94%A8%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" title="当用漢字">当用</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" title="常用漢字">常用漢字</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E9%9F%B3%E3%81%AE%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97%E3%81%AB%E3%82%88%E3%82%8B%E6%9B%B8%E3%81%8D%E3%81%8B%E3%81%88" title="同音の漢字による書きかえ">同音の漢字による書きかえ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%B9%81%E4%BD%93%E5%AD%97" title="繁体字">繁体字（正体字）</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E7%B0%A1%E4%BD%93%E5%AD%97" title="簡体字">簡体字</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97%E5%BB%83%E6%AD%A2%E8%AB%96" title="漢字廃止論">漢字廃止</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97%E5%BE%A9%E6%B4%BB%E8%AB%96" title="漢字復活論">復活</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color: #bcbcbc;"> <th><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%9C%8F" title="漢字文化圏">漢字文化圏</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E3%81%AB%E3%81%8A%E3%81%91%E3%82%8B%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" class="mw-redirect" title="中国における漢字">中</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E3%81%AB%E3%81%8A%E3%81%91%E3%82%8B%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" title="日本における漢字">日</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E3%81%AB%E3%81%8A%E3%81%91%E3%82%8B%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" title="朝鮮における漢字">朝</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%A5%E3%83%8F%E3%83%B3" title="チュハン">越</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AD%97%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E5%AD%97%E4%BD%93" title="国字標準字体">台</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%89%E7%90%83%E3%81%AB%E3%81%8A%E3%81%91%E3%82%8B%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" class="mw-redirect" title="琉球における漢字">琉</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AC%E3%83%9D%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%81%AB%E3%81%8A%E3%81%91%E3%82%8B%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" title="シンガポールにおける漢字">新</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color: #bcbcbc;"> <th>派生文字 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AD%97" title="国字">国字</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80%E5%AD%97" title="方言字">方言字</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%89%87%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="則天文字">則天文字</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%AE%E5%90%8D_(%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97)" title="仮名 (文字)">仮名</a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">古壮字</a> <a href="/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%A5%E3%83%8E%E3%83%A0" title="チュノム">字喃</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E6%9B%B8" title="女書">女書</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%91%E4%B8%B9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="契丹文字">契丹文字</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E7%9C%9F%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="女真文字">女真文字</a> <a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="西夏文字">西夏文字</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-top:1px solid #ccc;">→<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97#字音" title="漢字">字音</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歴史"><span id=".E6.AD.B4.E5.8F.B2"></span>歴史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97&action=edit&section=1" title="節を編集: 歴史"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>最初に作られた時代ははっきりしないが、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%8B" title="隋">隋</a>代（<a href="/wiki/7%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" title="7世紀">7世紀</a>）頃ではないかと考えられる。もっと早い<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2" title="漢">漢</a>代からあったと考える学者もいるが、現存する最古の記録は<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90" title="唐">唐</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E6%98%8C_(%E5%94%90)" title="永昌 (唐)">永昌</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E5%B9%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="元年">元年</a>（<a href="/wiki/689%E5%B9%B4" title="689年">689年</a>）の『六合堅固大宅頌』で、少なくとも1330年以上の歴史がある。長年受け継がれてきた<a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%8C%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="経文">経文</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%A9%E6%AD%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="詩歌">詩歌</a>、地方<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%8C%E5%8A%87" title="歌劇">歌劇</a>の<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%9A%E6%9C%AC" title="脚本">脚本</a>などの記録を元に<a href="/wiki/1989%E5%B9%B4" title="1989年">1989年</a>に編纂された『古壮字字典』には約4900の親字と、約1万の<a href="/wiki/%E7%95%B0%E4%BD%93%E5%AD%97" class="mw-redirect" title="異体字">異体字</a>が収録されている<sup id="cite_ref-su1989_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-su1989-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="使用状況"><span id=".E4.BD.BF.E7.94.A8.E7.8A.B6.E6.B3.81"></span>使用状況</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97&action=edit&section=2" title="節を編集: 使用状況"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>現在のチワン語は、公式には<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%83%86%E3%83%B3%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="ラテン文字">ラテン文字</a>による表記となったため、古壮字が公式に使用されることはない。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/1996%E5%B9%B4" title="1996年">1996年</a>の報告では、ラテン文字による表記法があるにもかかわらず、依然として古壮字が使われている<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。例えば、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B3%E4%BF%9D%E7%9C%8C" title="徳保県">徳保県</a>の壮劇団は現在も古壮字で新しい脚本を書いており、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%96%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="靖西県">靖西県</a>では<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%BD%A2%E5%8A%87" title="人形劇">人形劇</a>の脚本や<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E8%AC%A1" title="民謡">民謡</a>を記録した<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="出版物">出版物</a>に古壮字が使われているという。 </p><p>千数百年の間、使い続けられた文字であるにもかかわらず、民間への普及には限りがある。 </p><p>理由として、個人が表記を発案して使用してきたため、地区毎の字体差が大きいこと、漢字を熟知していないと書けない文字であるため、教育を受けた者しか使えない上、正しく漢字を書ける人は、公には漢字で記録を残すこと、未だかつて統治者が正式な文字として採用したり、統一して普及を図ろうとしたことがないこと<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>、などが考えられる。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a>では、<a href="/wiki/CJK%E7%B5%B1%E5%90%88%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97%E6%8B%A1%E5%BC%B5F" title="CJK統合漢字拡張F">CJK統合漢字拡張F</a>の追加までは古壮字の大部分は未収録だったが、CJK統合漢字拡張Fとして追加された漢字の中に多くの古壮字が含まれている。ただしUnicodeに未登録の古壮字も多く残されている。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="漢字への借用"><span id=".E6.BC.A2.E5.AD.97.E3.81.B8.E3.81.AE.E5.80.9F.E7.94.A8"></span>漢字への借用</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97&action=edit&section=3" title="節を編集: 漢字への借用"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>地名などに使われる一部の古壮字は、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%AA%9E" title="中国語">中国語</a>の<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" title="漢字">漢字</a>に借用され、公文書でも使われる。<a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a>にも漢字（CJK Ideograph）として収録されている。ただし、<a href="/wiki/2013%E5%B9%B4" title="2013年">2013年</a>に<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%AA%9E" title="中国語">中国語</a>の<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E6%9B%B8%E6%B3%95" title="正書法">正書法</a>として採用された『<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E8%A6%8F%E7%AF%84%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97%E8%A1%A8" title="通用規範漢字表">通用規範漢字表</a>』には収録されていない。 </p><p>例:「<span lang="zh">岜</span>」（bya、山の意）<sup id="cite_ref-su1989_38_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-su1989_38-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>や「<span lang="zh">崬</span>」（ndoeng、森の意）。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="構成"><span id=".E6.A7.8B.E6.88.90"></span>構成</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97&action=edit&section=4" title="節を編集: 構成"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>漢字の<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8" title="六書">六書</a>と類似の構成方法が古壮字にも見られる。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="象形"><span id=".E8.B1.A1.E5.BD.A2"></span>象形</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97&action=edit&section=5" title="節を編集: 象形"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E5%BD%A2" title="象形">象形</a>の例を示す。 </p> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Sawndipsawdenj-chars-dwngx00.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-dwngx00.svg/36px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-dwngx00.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-dwngx00.svg/54px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-dwngx00.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-dwngx00.svg/72px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-dwngx00.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> … 「杖」を意味するdwngxは「h」を左右逆向きにしたような文字で漢字にはない象形字である<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Sawndipsawdenj-chars-mbaj03.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-mbaj03.svg/36px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-mbaj03.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-mbaj03.svg/54px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-mbaj03.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-mbaj03.svg/72px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-mbaj03.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> … 「蝶」を意味するmbajには「9e」のような象形字が異体字としてある<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="指事"><span id=".E6.8C.87.E4.BA.8B"></span>指事</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97&action=edit&section=6" title="節を編集: 指事"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E4%BA%8B" title="指事">指事</a>の例を示す。 </p> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Sawndipsawdenj-chars-aemq00.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-aemq00.svg/36px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-aemq00.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-aemq00.svg/54px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-aemq00.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-aemq00.svg/72px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-aemq00.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> … 「～を背負う」を意味するaemqは人の姿を表す「3」のような象形部品の後ろに点を打って書く<sup id="cite_ref-su1989_1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-su1989_1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="会意"><span id=".E4.BC.9A.E6.84.8F"></span>会意</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97&action=edit&section=7" title="節を編集: 会意"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%9A%E6%84%8F" title="会意">会意</a>の例を示す。 </p> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Sawndipsawdenj-chars-mboq02.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-mboq02.svg/36px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-mboq02.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-mboq02.svg/54px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-mboq02.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-mboq02.svg/72px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-mboq02.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> … 「泉」を意味するmboqは「<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r100654481">.mw-parser-output .jisx0212font{font-family:"Hiragino Kaku Gothic ProN","Hiragino Sans","Noto Sans CJK JP","Source Han Sans JP","BIZ UDPGothic",Meiryo,sans-serif}</style><span class="jisx0212font">呇</span>」と書いて表す<sup id="cite_ref-su1989_321_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-su1989_321-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="形声"><span id=".E5.BD.A2.E5.A3.B0"></span>形声</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97&action=edit&section=8" title="節を編集: 形声"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A2%E5%A3%B0" title="形声">形声</a>の例を示す。この構成の字が最も多い。 </p> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Sawndipsawdenj-chars-bya10.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-bya10.svg/36px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-bya10.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-bya10.svg/54px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-bya10.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-bya10.svg/72px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-bya10.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> … 「山」を意味するbyaは「<span lang="zh">岜</span>」と山の下に音を表す「巴」を書いて表す<sup id="cite_ref-su1989_38_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-su1989_38-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Sawndipsawdenj-chars-vunz00.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-vunz00.svg/36px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-vunz00.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-vunz00.svg/54px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-vunz00.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-vunz00.svg/72px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-vunz00.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> … 「人」を意味するvunzは「伝」と「<span lang="zh">亻</span>」偏に音を表す「云」を書いて表す<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="仮借"><span id=".E4.BB.AE.E5.80.9F"></span>仮借</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97&action=edit&section=9" title="節を編集: 仮借"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%AE%E5%80%9F" title="仮借">仮借</a>の例を示す。漢字の音のみを見て当てはめたもの。 </p> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Sawndipsawdenj-chars-miz00.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-miz00.svg/36px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-miz00.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-miz00.svg/54px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-miz00.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-miz00.svg/72px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-miz00.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> … 「有」を意味するmizは、同音の漢字「眉」を用いて表す<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="訓読"><span id=".E8.A8.93.E8.AA.AD"></span>訓読</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97&action=edit&section=10" title="節を編集: 訓読"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%93%E8%AA%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="訓読">訓読</a>の例を示す。漢字の意味だけを借り、別の読みをする字。形声字が作られる例が多いので、訓読の例は少ない。 </p> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Sawndipsawdenj-chars-aen00.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-aen00.svg/36px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-aen00.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-aen00.svg/54px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-aen00.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-aen00.svg/72px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-aen00.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> … 「器」を意味するaenは漢字「器」の異体字を用いて表す<sup id="cite_ref-su1989_1_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-su1989_1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="借用"><span id=".E5.80.9F.E7.94.A8"></span>借用</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97&action=edit&section=11" title="節を編集: 借用"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%80%9F%E7%94%A8" title="借用">借用</a>の例を示す。漢字の意味と音をそのまま借りたもの。 </p> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Sawndipsawdenj-chars-boi10.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-boi10.svg/36px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-boi10.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-boi10.svg/54px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-boi10.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Sawndipsawdenj-chars-boi10.svg/72px-Sawndipsawdenj-chars-boi10.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> … 「杯」を意味するboiは「盃」と書く<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="地域差"><span id=".E5.9C.B0.E5.9F.9F.E5.B7.AE"></span>地域差</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97&action=edit&section=12" title="節を編集: 地域差"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Sawndip_comparison.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Sawndip_comparison.PNG/220px-Sawndip_comparison.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="408" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Sawndip_comparison.PNG 1.5x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="492" /></a><figcaption>同じ4語（bae gvaq ranz mwngz、「行く」「小路」「家」「あなた」）を表す古壮字</figcaption></figure> <p>チワン語は、言語自体の方言差も大きく、地域ごとに語彙が異なることも少なくないが、同じ語彙を用いる語でも、表記が地域ごとに異なることも多い。 </p><p>例えば、「泉」を意味するmboqは、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E6%9E%9C%E7%9C%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="平果県">平果県</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%9E%97%E7%9C%8C" title="上林県">上林県</a>などでは「呇」と書き、<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%9C%E5%B7%9E%E7%9C%8C" title="竜州県">竜州県</a>や靖西県では「咘」と書き、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E6%98%8E%E7%9C%8C" title="寧明県">寧明県</a>や<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E9%B3%B4%E7%9C%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="武鳴県">武鳴県</a>では「<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r91310448">.mw-parser-output .cjkext{font-family:"源ノ角ゴシック JP Normal","Noto Sans CJK JP DemiLight","ヒラギノ角ゴ簡体中文 W3","ヒラギノ角ゴ簡体中文","Hiragino Sans GB W3","Hiragino Sans GB","STHeiti SC","STHeitiSC-Medium","Microsoft YaHei","Droid Sans Fallback","Han-Nom Gothic","SimSun-ExtB","BabelStone Han","Nom Na Tong","WenQuanYi Zen Hei","和田研中丸ゴシック2004絵文字","和田研細丸ゴシック2004絵文字","YOzFont","DFSongStd","HAN NOM A","Sun-ExtA","Code2000","HAN NOM B","Sun-ExtB","花園明朝 A Regular",HanaMinAX,"花園明朝 B Regular","花園明朝 C Regular","花園明朝 C",HanaMinBX,"花園明朝A","花園明朝B",HanaMinA,HanaMinB}.mw-parser-output .cjkext-A{font-family:"源ノ角ゴシック","Noto Sans CJK JP","STHeiti SC","STHeitiSC-Medium","Microsoft YaHei","BabelStone Han","Droid Sans Fallback","Adobe Heiti Std R","Adobe Heiti Std","Han-Nom Gothic","DFSongStd","WenQuanYi Zen Hei","HAN NOM A","Sun-ExtA","Code2000","花園明朝 A Regular","花園明朝 A",HanaMinAX,"FZKaiS-Extended","CJK統合漢字拡張A","花園明朝A",HanaMinA}.mw-parser-output .cjkext-B{font-family:"SimSun-ExtB","HAN NOM B","Sun-ExtB","BabelStone Han","花園明朝 B Regular","花園明朝 B",HanaMinBX,"FZKaiS-Extended(SIP)","CJK統合漢字拡張B","花園明朝B",HanaMinB}.mw-parser-output .cjkext-C{font-family:"花園明朝 C Regular","花園明朝 C","CJK統合漢字拡張C",gw061889,"Sun-ExtB","花園明朝 B Regular","花園明朝 B",HanaMinBX,"和田研中丸ゴシック2004絵文字",WadaLabChuMaruGo2004Emoji,"和田研細丸ゴシック2004絵文字",WadaLabMaruGo2004Emoji,"BabelStone Han","FZKaiS-Extended(SIP)","UKai-ExtC","花園明朝B",HanaMinB}.mw-parser-output .cjkext-D{font-family:"花園明朝 C Regular","花園明朝 C","BabelStone Han","UCS-ALL-EXTD",gw936381,"花園明朝 B Regular","花園明朝 B",HanaMinBX,"Sun-ExtB","FZKaiS-Extended(SIP)","花園明朝B",HanaMinB}.mw-parser-output .cjkext-E{font-family:"花園明朝 C Regular","花園明朝 C","UCS-ALL-EXTE",gw1289725,"花園明朝B","HanaMinB","BabelStone Han"}.mw-parser-output .cjkext-F{font-family:"花園明朝 C Regular","花園明朝 C","UCS-ALL-EXTF","花園明朝B","HanaMinB","BabelStone Han"}.mw-parser-output .cjkext-G{font-family:"UCS-ALL-EXTF","BabelStone Han"}.mw-parser-output .cjkext-stroke{font-family:"源ノ角ゴシック JP Normal","Noto Sans CJK JP DemiLight","和田研中丸ゴシック2004絵文字","和田研細丸ゴシック2004絵文字","BabelStone Han","MingLiU","MingLiU_HKSCS",Code2000,"Sun-ExtA","花園明朝 A Regular","花園明朝 A",HanaMinAX,"花園明朝A",HanaMinA}.mw-parser-output .cjkext-radical{font-family:"源ノ角ゴシック JP Normal","Noto Sans CJK JP DemiLight","ヒラギノ角ゴ簡体中文 W3","ヒラギノ角ゴ簡体中文","Hiragino Sans GB W3","Hiragino Sans GB","BabelStone Han","Nom Na Tong","HAN NOM A","Sun-ExtA","花園明朝 A Regular","花園明朝 A",HanaMinAX,"YOzFont","和田研中丸ゴシック2004絵文字","和田研細丸ゴシック2004絵文字",Code2000,"花園明朝A","HanaMinA","FZKaiS-Extended"}.mw-parser-output .cjkext-ci{font-family:"源ノ角ゴシック JP Normal","Noto Sans CJK JP DemiLight","Droid Sans Fallback","Arial Unicode MS","BabelStone Han","DFSongStd","花園明朝 A Regular","花園明朝 A",HanaMinAX,Code2000,"CJK互換漢字","花園明朝A",HanaMinA}.mw-parser-output .cjkext-cis{font-family:"HAN NOM B","CJK互換漢字補助","Sun-ExtB","花園明朝 B Regular","花園明朝 B",HanaMinBX,"花園明朝A",HanaMinA}.mw-parser-output .cjkext-20bb7{font-family:"源真ゴシック Regular","源ノ角ゴシック Normal","源ノ角ゴシック JP Normal","Noto Sans CJK JP DemiLight","ヒラギノ角ゴ Pro W3","ヒラギノ角ゴ Pro","Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro","メイリオ","Meiryo UI","A-OTF 新ゴ Pr5 R","A-OTF 新ゴ Pr6N R","小塚ゴシック Pr6N M","小塚ゴシック Pro M","VL Pゴシック","Migu 1P","IPAmj明朝","BabelStone Han","HAN NOM B","和田研中丸ゴシック2004ARIB","和田研中丸ゴシック2004絵文字","和田研細丸ゴシック2004ARIB","和田研細丸ゴシック2004絵文字","YOzFont","Sun-ExtB","花園明朝 B Regular",HanaMinBX}</style><span class="cjkext cjkext-A">㳍</span>」（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E9%83%A8" title="水部">さんずい（氵）</a>に布）と書く<sup id="cite_ref-su1989_321_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-su1989_321-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="チュノムとの関係"><span id=".E3.83.81.E3.83.A5.E3.83.8E.E3.83.A0.E3.81.A8.E3.81.AE.E9.96.A2.E4.BF.82"></span>チュノムとの関係</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97&action=edit&section=13" title="節を編集: チュノムとの関係"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%99%E3%83%88%E3%83%8A%E3%83%A0" title="ベトナム">ベトナム</a>で使われた<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%A5%E3%83%8E%E3%83%A0" title="チュノム">チュノム</a>とはほとんど共通性がないが、字形、字義が同じで、字音も対応している字の例が存在する<sup id="cite_ref-wei2011_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wei2011-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。例えば、「物」を意味する方言guhは、「𧵑(貝へんに古)<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>」と書く<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>が、チュノムも「<span lang="vi">của</span>」の表記にこの字を使っている。また、部品の使い方でも類似する例があるが、いずれもほとんどが南部方言に使われた古壮字に見られる特徴で、地理的関係から接触し、借用したものと考えられる。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="脚注"><span id=".E8.84.9A.E6.B3.A8"></span>脚注</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97&action=edit&section=14" title="節を編集: 脚注"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a>における符号位置は左から「子+力」U+2D4B9,「六+鳥」U+2EB2D,「必+鳥」U+9D13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a>における符号位置は「書+史」U+2DA21,「立+生」U+2E12B.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-su1989-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-su1989_3-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">蘇永勤, 『古壮字字典』, 1989年, 広西民族出版社</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">鄭始青：『靖西壮語研究』, <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="中国社会科学院">中国社会科学院</a>民族研究所, <a href="/wiki/1996%E5%B9%B4" title="1996年">1996年</a>。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">覃暁航：「方塊壮字経久不絶却難成通行文字的原因」『広西民族研究』, <a href="/wiki/2008%E5%B9%B4" title="2008年">2008年</a>3期。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-su1989_38-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-su1989_38_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-su1989_38_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">蘇永勤, 『古壮字字典』, p38 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.guoxuedashi.com/kangxi/pic.php?f=guzzi&p=38">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">蘇永勤, 『古壮字字典』, p145 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.guoxuedashi.com/kangxi/pic.php?f=guzzi&p=145">[2]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">蘇永勤, 『古壮字字典』, p313 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.guoxuedashi.com/kangxi/pic.php?f=guzzi&p=313">[3]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-su1989_1-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-su1989_1_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-su1989_1_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">蘇永勤, 『古壮字字典』, p1 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.guoxuedashi.com/kangxi/pic.php?f=guzzi&p=1">[4]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-su1989_321-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-su1989_321_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-su1989_321_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">蘇永勤, 『古壮字字典』, p321 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.guoxuedashi.com/kangxi/pic.php?f=guzzi&p=321">[5]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">蘇永勤, 『古壮字字典』, p492 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.guoxuedashi.com/kangxi/pic.php?f=guzzi&p=492">[6]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">蘇永勤, 『古壮字字典』, p328 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.guoxuedashi.com/kangxi/pic.php?f=guzzi&p=328">[7]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">蘇永勤, 『古壮字字典』, p30 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.guoxuedashi.com/kangxi/pic.php?f=guzzi&p=30">[8]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wei2011-14"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wei2011_14-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">韋樹関、「喃字対古壮字的影響」『民族語文』2011年第1期、pp36-40、民族語文雑誌社(中国社会科学出版社)。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a>における符号位置は U+27D51 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">蘇永勤, 『古壮字字典』, p207 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.guoxuedashi.com/kangxi/pic.php?f=guzzi&p=207">[9]</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97&action=edit&section=15" title="節を編集: 参考文献"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E6%B0%B8%E5%8B%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇永勤 (存在しないページ)">蘇永勤</a>, 『古壮字字典』, <a href="/wiki/1989%E5%B9%B4" title="1989年">1989年</a>, 広西民族出版社。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部リンク"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E3.83.AA.E3.83.B3.E3.82.AF"></span>外部リンク</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97&action=edit&section=16" title="節を編集: 外部リンク"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://east-chr-data.sourceforge.net">Asian Character Tables - Sawndip data</a> - Unix向け古壮字画像データ（xbm形式）及び<a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a>漢字を組み合わせた文字表など</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guoxuedashi.com/zidian/bujian/">国學大師（古壮字を含めた漢字系文字の部品検索システム。『古壮字字典』本文も参照可。）</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kanji-database.sourceforge.net/dict/sawndip.html">漢字データベース　古壮字字典データ</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glyphwiki.org/wiki/Group:%E5%8F%A4%E5%A3%AE%E5%AD%97%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8">グリフウィキ古壮字字典</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">「<a dir="ltr" href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=古壮字&oldid=103379114">https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=古壮字&oldid=103379114</a>」から取得</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%82%AB%E3%83%86%E3%82%B4%E3%83%AA" title="特別:カテゴリ">カテゴリ</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%A1%A8%E8%AA%9E%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="Category:表語文字">表語文字</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E3%83%81%E3%83%AF%E3%83%B3%E6%97%8F" title="Category:チワン族">チワン族</a></li><li><a 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class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>16の言語版</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>話題追加</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> 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