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Walsh Act - Wikipedia
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.hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act (2006), see <a href="/wiki/Adam_Walsh_Child_Protection_and_Safety_Act" title="Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act">Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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commission</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1923_Municipal_Manager_Law" title="1923 Municipal Manager Law">1923 municipal manager</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Faulkner_Act" title="Faulkner Act">Faulkner Act</a> forms</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="div-col" style="column-width: 8em;"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faulkner_Act_(mayor%E2%80%93council)" class="mw-redirect" title="Faulkner Act (mayor–council)">Mayor–council</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Faulkner_Act_(council%E2%80%93manager)" class="mw-redirect" title="Faulkner Act (council–manager)">Council–manager</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Faulkner_Act_(small_municipality)" class="mw-redirect" title="Faulkner Act (small municipality)">Small municipality</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Faulkner_Act_(mayor%E2%80%93council%E2%80%93administrator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Faulkner Act (mayor–council–administrator)">Mayor–council–administrator</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Nonstandard forms</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Special_charter_(New_Jersey)" title="Special charter (New Jersey)">Special charter</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Changing form of municipal government</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Charter_Study_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Charter Study Commission">Charter Study Commission</a></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Template:NJmunigov" title="Template:NJmunigov"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NJmunigov" title="Template talk:NJmunigov"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NJmunigov" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NJmunigov"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Walsh Act</b> is a piece of legislation in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">U.S. state</a> of <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> that permits <a href="/wiki/Local_government" title="Local government">municipalities</a> to adopt a <a href="/wiki/Non-partisan" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-partisan">non-partisan</a> <a href="/wiki/City_commission_government" title="City commission government">commission form of government</a>. The legislation was signed by <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_Jersey" title="Governor of New Jersey">Governor of New Jersey</a> <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a> on April 25, 1911. The commissions in Walsh Act municipalities are composed of either three or five members elected for four-year concurrent terms. The commissioners also serve as department heads in addition to their legislative functions. The commissioners elect one commissioner as <a href="/wiki/Mayor" title="Mayor">mayor</a>, who serves as chair of the commission. With few exceptions, Walsh Act mayors have no powers over and above their fellow commissioners, and are only responsible for their specific department(s). </p><p>The Walsh Act was modeled on the commission system that was set up in <a href="/wiki/Galveston,_Texas" title="Galveston, Texas">Galveston, Texas</a> in the wake of the devastating <a href="/wiki/Galveston_Hurricane_of_1900" class="mw-redirect" title="Galveston Hurricane of 1900">Hurricane of 1900</a>. As part of its reconstruction efforts, the city reorganized itself to a government system in which each elected official had a specific area of responsibility, combining executive and legislative responsibilities. The Walsh Act was enacted in 1911, and specified that commissioners would be elected at large in nonpartisan elections, and would serve four-year, concurrent terms of office. The Walsh Act was the first charter law in New Jersey to include options for ballot initiatives, referendums and recall.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The popularity of the Walsh Act form of government declined from a peak of about 60 in the early years after it was created to a total of approximately 30 statewide in 2018, of which six in <a href="/wiki/North_Jersey" title="North Jersey">North Jersey</a> and the remainder are largely in <a href="/wiki/Jersey_Shore" title="Jersey Shore">Jersey Shore</a> communities.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Municipalities_with_a_five_member_commission">Municipalities with a five member commission</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walsh_Act&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Municipalities with a five member commission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These communities have five commissioners: </p> <ul><li>Commissioner of Public Affairs</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commissioner_of_Public_Safety" title="Commissioner of Public Safety">Commissioner of Public Safety</a></li> <li>Commissioner of Public Works</li> <li>Commissioner of Parks and Public Property</li> <li>Commissioner of Revenue and Finance</li></ul> <table class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Municipality </th> <th scope="col">County </th> <th scope="col">Year<br />Adopted </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lyndhurst,_New_Jersey" title="Lyndhurst, New Jersey">Lyndhurst Township</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bergen_County,_New_Jersey" title="Bergen County, New Jersey">Bergen</a> </td> <td>1913 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Millville,_New_Jersey" title="Millville, New Jersey">Millville City</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_County,_New_Jersey" title="Cumberland County, New Jersey">Cumberland</a> </td> <td>1913 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Bergen,_New_Jersey" title="North Bergen, New Jersey">North Bergen Township</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hudson_County,_New_Jersey" title="Hudson County, New Jersey">Hudson</a> </td> <td>1931 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nutley,_New_Jersey" title="Nutley, New Jersey">Nutley Township</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Essex_County,_New_Jersey" title="Essex County, New Jersey">Essex</a> </td> <td>1912 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ridgefield_Park,_New_Jersey" title="Ridgefield Park, New Jersey">Ridgefield Park Village</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bergen_County,_New_Jersey" title="Bergen County, New Jersey">Bergen</a> </td> <td>1912 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Union_City,_New_Jersey" title="Union City, New Jersey">Union City</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hudson_County,_New_Jersey" title="Hudson County, New Jersey">Hudson</a> </td> <td>1930 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_New_York,_New_Jersey" title="West New York, New Jersey">West New York Town</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hudson_County,_New_Jersey" title="Hudson County, New Jersey">Hudson</a> </td> <td>1931 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Municipalities_with_a_three_member_commission">Municipalities with a three member commission</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walsh_Act&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Municipalities with a three member commission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These communities have three commissioners: </p> <ul><li>Commissioner of Public Affairs and Public Safety</li> <li>Commissioner of Public Works, Parks and Public Property</li> <li>Commissioner of Revenue and Finance</li></ul> <table class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Municipality </th> <th scope="col">County </th> <th scope="col">Year<br />Adopted </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Allenhurst,_New_Jersey" title="Allenhurst, New Jersey">Allenhurst Borough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monmouth_County,_New_Jersey" title="Monmouth County, New Jersey">Monmouth</a> </td> <td>1916 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Audubon,_New_Jersey" title="Audubon, New Jersey">Audubon Borough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Camden_County,_New_Jersey" title="Camden County, New Jersey">Camden</a> </td> <td>1921 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Avon-by-the-Sea,_New_Jersey" title="Avon-by-the-Sea, New Jersey">Avon-by-the-Sea Borough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monmouth_County,_New_Jersey" title="Monmouth County, New Jersey">Monmouth</a> </td> <td>1919 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bass_River_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Bass River Township, New Jersey">Bass River Township</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Burlington_County,_New_Jersey" title="Burlington County, New Jersey">Burlington</a> </td> <td>1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Beach_Haven,_New_Jersey" title="Beach Haven, New Jersey">Beach Haven Borough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ocean_County,_New_Jersey" title="Ocean County, New Jersey">Ocean</a> </td> <td>1946 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bordentown,_New_Jersey" title="Bordentown, New Jersey">Bordentown City</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Burlington_County,_New_Jersey" title="Burlington County, New Jersey">Burlington</a> </td> <td>1913 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bradley_Beach,_New_Jersey" title="Bradley Beach, New Jersey">Bradley Beach Borough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monmouth_County,_New_Jersey" title="Monmouth County, New Jersey">Monmouth</a> </td> <td>1915 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cape_May_Point,_New_Jersey" title="Cape May Point, New Jersey">Cape May Point Borough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cape_May_County,_New_Jersey" title="Cape May County, New Jersey">Cape May</a> </td> <td>1916 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Collingswood,_New_Jersey" title="Collingswood, New Jersey">Collingswood Borough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Camden_County,_New_Jersey" title="Camden County, New Jersey">Camden</a> </td> <td>1917 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Deal,_New_Jersey" title="Deal, New Jersey">Deal Borough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monmouth_County,_New_Jersey" title="Monmouth County, New Jersey">Monmouth</a> </td> <td>1912 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Haddon_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Haddon Township, New Jersey">Haddon Township</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Camden_County,_New_Jersey" title="Camden County, New Jersey">Camden</a> </td> <td>1950 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Haddonfield,_New_Jersey" title="Haddonfield, New Jersey">Haddonfield Borough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Camden_County,_New_Jersey" title="Camden County, New Jersey">Camden</a> </td> <td>1913 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Cedars,_New_Jersey" title="Harvey Cedars, New Jersey">Harvey Cedars Borough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ocean_County,_New_Jersey" title="Ocean County, New Jersey">Ocean</a> </td> <td>1923 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Long_Beach_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Long Beach Township, New Jersey">Long Beach Township</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ocean_County,_New_Jersey" title="Ocean County, New Jersey">Ocean</a> </td> <td>1936 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Longport,_New_Jersey" title="Longport, New Jersey">Longport Borough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_County,_New_Jersey" title="Atlantic County, New Jersey">Atlantic</a> </td> <td>1912 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Margate_City,_New_Jersey" title="Margate City, New Jersey">Margate City</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_County,_New_Jersey" title="Atlantic County, New Jersey">Atlantic</a> </td> <td>1911 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Monmouth_Beach,_New_Jersey" title="Monmouth Beach, New Jersey">Monmouth Beach Borough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monmouth_County,_New_Jersey" title="Monmouth County, New Jersey">Monmouth</a> </td> <td>1929 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mount_Ephraim,_New_Jersey" title="Mount Ephraim, New Jersey">Mount Ephraim Borough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Camden_County,_New_Jersey" title="Camden County, New Jersey">Camden</a> </td> <td>1935 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pine_Valley,_New_Jersey" title="Pine Valley, New Jersey">Pine Valley Borough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Camden_County,_New_Jersey" title="Camden County, New Jersey">Camden</a> </td> <td>1942 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sea_Isle_City,_New_Jersey" title="Sea Isle City, New Jersey">Sea Isle City</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cape_May_County,_New_Jersey" title="Cape May County, New Jersey">Cape May</a> </td> <td>1913 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tavistock,_New_Jersey" title="Tavistock, New Jersey">Tavistock Borough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Camden_County,_New_Jersey" title="Camden County, New Jersey">Camden</a> </td> <td>1928 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ventnor_City,_New_Jersey" title="Ventnor City, New Jersey">Ventnor City</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_County,_New_Jersey" title="Atlantic County, New Jersey">Atlantic</a> </td> <td>1968 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Cape_May,_New_Jersey" title="West Cape May, New Jersey">West Cape May Borough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cape_May_County,_New_Jersey" title="Cape May County, New Jersey">Cape May</a> </td> <td>1948 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Wildwood,_New_Jersey" title="West Wildwood, New Jersey">West Wildwood Borough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cape_May_County,_New_Jersey" title="Cape May County, New Jersey">Cape May</a> </td> <td>1964 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wildwood_Crest,_New_Jersey" title="Wildwood Crest, New Jersey">Wildwood Crest Borough</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cape_May_County,_New_Jersey" title="Cape May County, New Jersey">Cape May</a> </td> <td>1937 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walsh_Act&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1923_Municipal_Manager_Law" title="1923 Municipal Manager Law">1923 Municipal Manager Law</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walsh_Act&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wolfe, Albert J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.njslom.org/history_municipal_govt.pdf">"A History of Municipal Government in New Jersey Since 1798"</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_State_League_of_Municipalities" title="New Jersey State League of Municipalities">New Jersey State League of Municipalities</a>. Accessed April 30, 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Proctor, Owen; and Sobko, Katie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/essex/nutley/2018/04/30/town-commissions-have-become-nj-rarity-new-jersey/554873002/">"Town commissions have become a New Jersey rarity"</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Record_(Bergen_County)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Record (Bergen County)">The Record (Bergen County)</a><i>, April 30, 2018, updated May 6, 2018. Accessed October 6, 2019. "Commissions rose in popularity, up to 60 statewide in the early part of the last century, from large cities and older suburbs to seaside resorts.... Today, only about 30 of New Jersey’s 565 municipalities are commissions, including six in North Jersey. There are North Bergen, Union City and West New York in Hudson County, Lyndhurst and Ridgefield Park in Bergen County, and Nutley in Essex County."</i></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walsh_Act&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.njstatelib.org/NJ_Information/Digital_Collections/MFMG/MFMGCH4.PDF">The Commission Form of Municipal Government (PDF)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.njslom.org/history_municipal_govt.pdf">A History of Municipal Government in New Jersey Since 1798 (PDF)</a></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5dc468848‐jvqxx Cached time: 20241122141627 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.197 seconds Real time usage: 0.260 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 640/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 13517/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2334/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 14767/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.122/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1798721/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 225.733 1 -total 54.55% 123.129 1 Template:NJmunigov 53.33% 120.374 1 Template:Sidebar 29.58% 66.783 1 Template:Short_description 17.86% 40.318 2 Template:Pagetype 11.41% 25.746 3 Template:Div_col 9.28% 20.955 1 Template:For 6.89% 15.552 6 Template:Main_other 6.47% 14.598 3 Template:Ubl 5.76% 13.009 1 Template:Reflist --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:735956:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241122141627 and revision id 1178773408. 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