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selling</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: personal selling"> <meta name="keywords" content="personal selling"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="personal selling"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 2464</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: personal selling</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2434</span> Imposing Personal Liability on Shareholder's/Partner's in a Corporate Entity; Implementation of UK’s Personal Liability Institutions in Georgian Corporate Law: Content and Outcomes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gvantsa%20Magradze">Gvantsa Magradze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper examines the grounds for the imposition of a personal liability on shareholder/partner, mainly under Georgian and UK law’s comparative analysis. The general emphasis was made on personal responsibility grounds adaptation in practice and presents the analyze of court decisions. On this base, reader will be capable to find a difference between the dogmatic and practical grounds for imposition personal liability. The first chapter presents the general information about discussed issue and notion of personal liability. The second chapter is devoted to an explanation the concept – ‘the head of the corporation’ to make it clear who is the subject of responsibility in the article and not to remain individuals beyond the attention, who do not hold the position of director but are participating in governing activities and, therefore, have to have fiduciury duties. After short comparative analysis of personal responsibility, the Georgian Corporate law reality is further discussed. Here, the problem of determining personal liability is a problematic issue, thus a separate chapter is devoted to the issue, which explains the grounds for personal liability imposition in details. Within the paper is discussed the content and the purpose of personal liability institutions under UK’s corporate law and an attempt to implement them, and especially ‘Alter Ego’ doctrine in Georgian corporate Law reality and the outcomes of the experiment. For the research purposes will be examined national case law in regard to personal liability imposition, as well as UK’s experience in that regard. Comparative analyze will make it clear, wherein the Georgian statute, are gaps and how to fill them up. The articles major finding as stated, is that Georgian Corporate law does not provide any legally consolidated grounds for personal liability imposition, which in fact, leads to unfaithful, unlawful actions on partners’/shareholders’ behalf. In order to make business market fair, advancement of a national statute is inevitable, and for that, the experience sharing from developed countries is an irreplaceable gift. Overall, the article analyses, how discussed amendments might influence case law and if such amendments were made years ago, how the judgments could look like (before and after amendments). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alter%20ego%20doctrine" title="alter ego doctrine">alter ego doctrine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20law" title=" case law"> case law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20law" title=" corporate law"> corporate law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=good%20faith" title=" good faith"> good faith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20liability" title=" personal liability"> personal liability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84066/imposing-personal-liability-on-shareholderspartners-in-a-corporate-entity-implementation-of-uks-personal-liability-institutions-in-georgian-corporate-law-content-and-outcomes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84066.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2433</span> Study on the Role of Positive Emotions in Developmental Psychology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hee%20Soo%20Kim">Hee Soo Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ha%20Young%20Kyung"> Ha Young Kyung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines the role of positive emotions in human psychology. By understanding Fredrickson and Lyubomirsky et al.’s on positive emotions, one can better understand people’s intuitive understanding, mental health and well-being. Fredrickson asserts that positive emotions create positive affects and personal resources, and Lyubomirsky et al. relate such positive resources to the creation of happiness and personal development. This paper finds that positive emotions play a significant role in the learning process, and they are instrumental in creating a long-lasting repertoire of personal resources and play an essential role in the development of the intuitive understanding of life variables, resilience in coping with life challenges, and ability to build more successful lives. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Positive%20emotions" title="Positive emotions">Positive emotions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positive%20affects" title=" positive affects"> positive affects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20resources" title=" personal resources"> personal resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=negative%20emotions" title=" negative emotions"> negative emotions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73857/study-on-the-role-of-positive-emotions-in-developmental-psychology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73857.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2432</span> Use of Personal Rhythm to Authenticate Encrypted Messages</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Gonzalez">Carlos Gonzalez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> When communicating using private and secure keys, there is always the doubt as to the identity of the message creator. We introduce an algorithm that uses the personal typing rhythm (keystroke dynamics) of the message originator to increase the trust of the authenticity of the message originator by the message recipient. The methodology proposes the use of a Rhythm Certificate Authority (RCA) to validate rhythm information. An illustrative example of the communication between Bob and Alice and the RCA is included. An algorithm of how to communicate with the RCA is presented. This RCA can be an independent authority or an enhanced Certificate Authority like the one used in public key infrastructure (PKI). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=authentication" title="authentication">authentication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20signature" title=" digital signature"> digital signature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=keystroke%20dynamics" title=" keystroke dynamics"> keystroke dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20rhythm" title=" personal rhythm"> personal rhythm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public-key%20encryption" title=" public-key encryption"> public-key encryption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66737/use-of-personal-rhythm-to-authenticate-encrypted-messages" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66737.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2431</span> The Morphing Avatar of Startup Sales - Destination Virtual Reality </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sruthi%20Kannan">Sruthi Kannan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ongoing covid pandemic has accelerated digital transformation like never before. The physical barriers brought in as a result of the pandemic are being bridged by digital alternatives. While basic collaborative activities like voice, video calling, screen sharing have been replicated in these alternatives, there are several others that require a more intimate setup. Pitching, showcasing, and providing demonstrations are an integral part of selling strategies for startups. Traditionally these have been in-person engagements, enabling a depth of understanding of the startups’ offerings. In the new normal scenario of virtual-only connects, startups are feeling the brunt of the lack of in-person connections with potential customers and investors. This poster demonstrates how a virtual reality platform has been conceptualized and custom-built for startups to engage with their stakeholders and redefine their selling strategies. This virtual reality platform is intended to provide an immersive experience for startup showcases and offers the nearest possible alternative to physical meetings for the startup ecosystem, thereby opening newer frontiers for entrepreneurial collaborations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaboration" title="collaboration">collaboration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sales" title=" sales"> sales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=startups" title=" startups"> startups</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategy" title=" strategy"> strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20reality" title=" virtual reality"> virtual reality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139718/the-morphing-avatar-of-startup-sales-destination-virtual-reality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139718.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">305</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2430</span> Dogmatic Analysis of Legal Risks of Using Artificial Intelligence: The European Union and Polish Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marianna%20Iaroslavska">Marianna Iaroslavska</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> ChatGPT is becoming commonplace. However, only a few people think about the legal risks of using Large Language Model in their daily work. The main dilemmas concern the following areas: who owns the copyright to what somebody creates through ChatGPT; what can OpenAI do with the prompt you enter; can you accidentally infringe on another creator's rights through ChatGPT; what about the protection of the data somebody enters into the chat. This paper will present these and other legal risks of using large language models at work using dogmatic methods and case studies. The paper will present a legal analysis of AI risks against the background of European Union law and Polish law. This analysis will answer questions about how to protect data, how to make sure you do not violate copyright, and what is at stake with the AI Act, which recently came into force in the EU. If your work is related to the EU area, and you use AI in your work, this paper will be a real goldmine for you. The copyright law in force in Poland does not protect your rights to a work that is created with the help of AI. So if you start selling such a work, you may face two main problems. First, someone may steal your work, and you will not be entitled to any protection because work created with AI does not have any legal protection. Second, the AI may have created the work by infringing on another person's copyright, so they will be able to claim damages from you. In addition, the EU's current AI Act imposes a number of additional obligations related to the use of large language models. The AI Act divides artificial intelligence into four risk levels and imposes different requirements depending on the level of risk. The EU regulation is aimed primarily at those developing and marketing artificial intelligence systems in the EU market. In addition to the above obstacles, personal data protection comes into play, which is very strictly regulated in the EU. If you violate personal data by entering information into ChatGPT, you will be liable for violations. When using AI within the EU or in cooperation with entities located in the EU, you have to take into account a lot of risks. This paper will highlight such risks and explain how they can be avoided. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EU" title="EU">EU</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AI%20act" title=" AI act"> AI act</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copyright" title=" copyright"> copyright</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polish%20law" title=" polish law"> polish law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LLM" title=" LLM"> LLM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191311/dogmatic-analysis-of-legal-risks-of-using-artificial-intelligence-the-european-union-and-polish-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191311.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">20</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2429</span> Personal Income and the Social Confidence in Contemporary China: The Indirect Role of the Sense of Social Equity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenfen%20Bi">Wenfen Bi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeng%20Lin"> Zeng Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As a developing country, China is badly in need of capital and talents to develop the socialist country with Chinese characteristics. However, a large proportion of high income people with know-how technique, wealth and management experience have immigrated or plan to immigrate to other countries. Of course, this phenomenon has attracted the attention from both the government and researchers. One explanation might be that these high-income people lack confidence in China’s social development. Based on the data on W city’s comprehensive social situation surveyed by center for the social survey research of Wuhan university (CSSR) in 2014, this paper employed the structural equation model (SEM) to evaluate whether personal income affects social confidence, via the mediating effect of the sense of social equity (sense of right equity and sense of distributive equity). Bootstrap mediation analysis revealed that after controlling Demographic variables, personal income had a significant negative influence on sense of right equity and in turn, sense of rights equity can significantly positively predict social confidence. While personal income had no significant effect on sense of distributive equity, and sense of distributive equity did not significantly affect macro social confidence. Also, the direct effects of personal income on social confidence became not significant. These findings revealed the inner mechanism of the relationship between the personal income and social confidence in contemporary China, which was caused by mediating effect of sense of rights equity. That is, the higher the personal income, the lower the sense of rights equity, the lower the social confidence. Thus, the boost of the social confidence, especially for the rich, does not only depend on the equitable distribution of material wealth, but also on the right equity and making people feel rights equally in common life. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20income" title="personal income">personal income</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sense%20of%20right%20equity" title=" sense of right equity"> sense of right equity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sense%20of%20social%20equity" title=" sense of social equity"> sense of social equity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20confidence" title=" social confidence"> social confidence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63097/personal-income-and-the-social-confidence-in-contemporary-china-the-indirect-role-of-the-sense-of-social-equity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63097.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2428</span> Modelling Distress Sale in Agriculture: Evidence from Maharashtra, India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Disha%20Bhanot">Disha Bhanot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinish%20Kathuria"> Vinish Kathuria</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study focusses on the issue of distress sale in horticulture sector in India, which faces unique challenges, given the perishable nature of horticulture crops, seasonal production and paucity of post-harvest produce management links. Distress sale, from a farmer’s perspective may be defined as urgent sale of normal or distressed goods, at deeply discounted prices (way below the cost of production) and it is usually characterized by unfavorable conditions for the seller (farmer). The small and marginal farmers, often involved in subsistence farming, stand to lose substantially if they receive lower prices than expected prices (typically framed in relation to cost of production). Distress sale maximizes price uncertainty of produce leading to substantial income loss; and with increase in input costs of farming, the high variability in harvest price severely affects profit margin of farmers, thereby affecting their survival. The objective of this study is to model the occurrence of distress sale by tomato cultivators in the Indian state of Maharashtra, against the background of differential access to set of factors such as - capital, irrigation facilities, warehousing, storage and processing facilities, and institutional arrangements for procurement etc. Data is being collected using primary survey of over 200 farmers in key tomato growing areas of Maharashtra, asking information on the above factors in addition to seeking information on cost of cultivation, selling price, time gap between harvesting and selling, role of middleman in selling, besides other socio-economic variables. Farmers selling their produce far below the cost of production would indicate an occurrence of distress sale. Occurrence of distress sale would then be modelled as a function of farm, household and institutional characteristics. Heckman-two-stage model would be applied to find the probability/likelihood of a famer falling into distress sale as well as to ascertain how the extent of distress sale varies in presence/absence of various factors. Findings of the study would recommend suitable interventions and promotion of strategies that would help farmers better manage price uncertainties, avoid distress sale and increase profit margins, having direct implications on poverty. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distress%20sale" title="distress sale">distress sale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horticulture" title=" horticulture"> horticulture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=income%20loss" title=" income loss"> income loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=India" title=" India"> India</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=price%20uncertainity" title=" price uncertainity"> price uncertainity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57026/modelling-distress-sale-in-agriculture-evidence-from-maharashtra-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57026.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2427</span> Creation of a Care Robot Impact Assessment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eduard%20Fosch-Villaronga">Eduard Fosch-Villaronga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper pioneers Care Robot Impact Assessment (CRIA), a methodology used to identify, analyze, mitigate and eliminate the risks posed by the insertion of non-medical personal care robots (PCR) in medical care facilities. Its precedent instruments (Privacy and Surveillance Impact Assessment (PIA and SIA)) fall behind in coping with robots. Indeed, personal care robots change dramatically how care is delivered. The paper presents a specific risk-sector methodology, identifies which robots are under its scope and presents some of the challenges introduced by these robots. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethics" title="ethics">ethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20assessment" title=" impact assessment"> impact assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=law" title=" law"> law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20care%20robots" title=" personal care robots"> personal care robots</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28994/creation-of-a-care-robot-impact-assessment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28994.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">576</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2426</span> A Study on 5-11 Year-Old Children's Level of Knowledge about Personal Safety and Protection from Social Dangers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96zden%20Ku%C5%9Fcu">Özden Kuşcu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ya%C4%9Fmur%20Ku%C5%9Fcu"> Yağmur Kuşcu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeynep%20%C3%87etinta%C5%9F"> Zeynep Çetintaş</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Sunay%20Yildirim%20Do%C4%9Fru"> S. Sunay Yildirim Doğru</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this work is to evaluate the effect of the subjects “personal safety” and “protection from dangers” included in primary school curriculum on the students’ levels of knowledge about safety and protection from social dangers. The study group included 469 students between 5–11 years old with 231 preschoolers and 238 primary school students and their parents and teachers. Instruments used to collect data were “Personal Safety Interview Form” for children, “Parent Interview Form” and “Teacher Interview Form”. Forms included 15 open-ended questions about personal safety. The researchers collected the research data through one-on-one interviews with children. Results of the study revealed that preschoolers and 1st, 2nd, and 3rd graders did not know their home addresses and telephone numbers and their families were not aware of that. The study also showed that those who had this information were unsure as to who to share this information with. Accordingly, more should be done to increase the levels of knowledge of preschoolers and 1st, 2nd, and 3rd graders about personal safety and protection from dangers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title="security">security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20danger" title=" social danger"> social danger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elementary%20school" title=" elementary school"> elementary school</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preschool" title=" preschool"> preschool</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20650/a-study-on-5-11-year-old-childrens-level-of-knowledge-about-personal-safety-and-protection-from-social-dangers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20650.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">457</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2425</span> Personal Knowledge Management: Systematic Review and Future Direction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuribachew%20Gizaw%20Tohiye">Kuribachew Gizaw Tohiye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monica%20Garfield"> Monica Garfield</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Personal knowledge management is the aspect of knowledge management that relates to the way in which individuals organize and manage their own set of knowledge. While in that respect, there has been research in this area for the past 25 years, it is at present necessary to speculate upon what research has been done and what we have discovered about this arena of knowledge management. In contrast to organizational knowledge management, which focuses on a firm’s profitability and competitiveness, personal knowledge management (PKM) is concerned with the person’s self-effectiveness, competence and success. People are concerned in managing their knowledge in order to become more efficient in a variety of personal and organizational interests. This study presents a systematic review of PKM studies. Articles with PKM concepts are reviewed with the objective of clearly defining PKM, identifying the benefits of PKM, classifying the tools that enable PKM and finding the research gaps to indicate future research directions in the area. Consequently, we have developed a definition of PKM and identified the benefits of PKM, including an understanding of who seeks PKM and for what. Tools enabling PKM are identified and classified under three categories Web 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 and finally the research gap and future directions are suggested. Research which facilitates collaboration by using semantic technologies is suggested to be studied further to improve PKM effectiveness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20knowledge%20management" title="personal knowledge management">personal knowledge management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20management" title=" knowledge management"> knowledge management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20knowledge%20management" title=" organizational knowledge management"> organizational knowledge management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systematic%20review" title=" systematic review"> systematic review</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55405/personal-knowledge-management-systematic-review-and-future-direction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55405.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2424</span> Legal Regulation of Personal Information Data Transmission Risk Assessment: A Case Study of the EU’s DPIA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cai%20Qianyi">Cai Qianyi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the midst of global digital revolution, the flow of data poses security threats that call China's existing legislative framework for protecting personal information into question. As a preliminary procedure for risk analysis and prevention, the risk assessment of personal data transmission lacks detailed guidelines for support. Existing provisions reveal unclear responsibilities for network operators and weakened rights for data subjects. Furthermore, the regulatory system's weak operability and a lack of industry self-regulation heighten data transmission hazards. This paper aims to compare the regulatory pathways for data information transmission risks between China and Europe from a legal framework and content perspective. It draws on the “Data Protection Impact Assessment Guidelines” to empower multiple stakeholders, including data processors, controllers, and subjects, while also defining obligations. In conclusion, this paper intends to solve China's digital security shortcomings by developing a more mature regulatory framework and industry self-regulation mechanisms, resulting in a win-win situation for personal data protection and the development of the digital economy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20information%20data%20transmission" title="personal information data transmission">personal information data transmission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20assessment" title=" risk assessment"> risk assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DPIA" title=" DPIA"> DPIA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet%20service%20provider" title=" internet service provider"> internet service provider</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20information%20data%20transimission" title=" personal information data transimission"> personal information data transimission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20assessment" title=" risk assessment"> risk assessment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183049/legal-regulation-of-personal-information-data-transmission-risk-assessment-a-case-study-of-the-eus-dpia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183049.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">60</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2423</span> Multidirectional Product Support System for Decision Making in Textile Industry Using Collaborative Filtering Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Senthil%20Kumar">A. Senthil Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Murali%20Bhaskaran"> V. Murali Bhaskaran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the information technology ground, people are using various tools and software for their official use and personal reasons. Nowadays, people are worrying to choose data accessing and extraction tools at the time of buying and selling their products. In addition, worry about various quality factors such as price, durability, color, size, and availability of the product. The main purpose of the research study is to find solutions to these unsolved existing problems. The proposed algorithm is a Multidirectional Rank Prediction (MDRP) decision making algorithm in order to take an effective strategic decision at all the levels of data extraction, uses a real time textile dataset and analyzes the results. Finally, the results are obtained and compared with the existing measurement methods such as PCC, SLCF, and VSS. The result accuracy is higher than the existing rank prediction methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Knowledge%20Discovery%20in%20Database%20%28KDD%29" title="Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD)">Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Multidirectional%20Rank%20Prediction%20%28MDRP%29" title=" Multidirectional Rank Prediction (MDRP)"> Multidirectional Rank Prediction (MDRP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pearson%E2%80%99s%20Correlation%20Coefficient%20%28PCC%29" title=" Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient (PCC)"> Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient (PCC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VSS%20%28Vector%20Space%20Similarity%29" title=" VSS (Vector Space Similarity)"> VSS (Vector Space Similarity)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3247/multidirectional-product-support-system-for-decision-making-in-textile-industry-using-collaborative-filtering-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3247.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2422</span> The Effect of Prior Characteristic on Perceived Prosocial Content in Media</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawit%20Monkolprasit">Pawit Monkolprasit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Proud%20Arunrangsiwed"> Proud Arunrangsiwed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It was important to understand the impact of media in young adolescents. The animated film, Khun Tong Dang the Inspirations (2015), was purposefully created for teaching young children to have a positive personal trait. The current study used this film as the case study. The objective is to understand the relationship between the good characteristic of movie audiences and their perception of the good characteristic of a movie character. One-hundred students from various age ranges responded to quantitative questionnaires. The questions included their age, gender, perception about their own personal traits, perception about their experiences with others, and perception about the bravery, intelligence, and gratefulness of the character. It was found that a good personal trait has a strong relationship with the perception of bravery, intelligence, and gratefulness of the character. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20of%20media" title="impact of media">impact of media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20trait" title=" personal trait"> personal trait</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prosocial%20content" title=" prosocial content"> prosocial content</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55734/the-effect-of-prior-characteristic-on-perceived-prosocial-content-in-media" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55734.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2421</span> VR/AR Applications in Personalized Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andy%20Wang">Andy Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Personalized learning refers to an educational approach that tailors instruction to meet the unique needs, interests, and abilities of each learner. This method of learning aims at providing students with a customized learning experience that is more engaging, interactive, and relevant to their personal lives. With generative AI technology, the author has developed a Personal Tutoring Bot (PTB) that supports personalized learning. The author is currently testing PTB in his EE 499 – Microelectronics Metrology course. Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) provide interactive and immersive learning environments that can engage student in online learning. This paper presents the rationale of integrating VR/AR tools in PTB and discusses challenges and solutions of incorporating VA/AR into the Personal Tutoring Bot (PTB). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personalized%20learning" title="personalized learning">personalized learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20education" title=" online education"> online education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hands-on%20practice" title=" hands-on practice"> hands-on practice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VR%2FAR%20tools" title=" VR/AR tools"> VR/AR tools</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175539/vrar-applications-in-personalized-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175539.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2420</span> Subjective Well-Being through Coaching Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pendar%20Fazel">Pendar Fazel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Well-being is a good or satisfactory condition of existence; a state characterized by health, happiness, and prosperity. Well-being of people is correlated with, the cognitive, social, emotional, and physical aspect of their personality. Subjective well-being, people’s emotional and cognitive evaluations of their lives, includes what lay people call happiness, peace, fulﬁllment, and life satisfaction. Unfortunately in this period of time people are under the pressure of financial, social problems, and other stress factors which made them vulnerable, and their well-being is threatened. Personal Coaching as a holistic orientation and novel approach is ideal for the present century which help people, to find balance, enjoyment and meaning in their lives as well as improving performance, skills and effectiveness. The aim of the present article besides introducing the personal coaching is determining how personal coaching can positively effects on subjective well-being, under this aim we tend to describe how coaching impact on the cognitive and emotional reconstruction. Present qualitative research is descriptive analytic study, which data gathered by manual library research and search within authentic article through internet; analyzed personal coaching which integrated different views into an operational one helps people promote self-awareness as well as evaluate, emotional and cognitive aspect of their personality and provide appropriate subjective well-being. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subjective%20well-being" title="subjective well-being">subjective well-being</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coaching" title=" coaching"> coaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=well-being" title=" well-being"> well-being</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positive%20psychology" title=" positive psychology"> positive psychology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20growth" title=" personal growth"> personal growth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34052/subjective-well-being-through-coaching-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34052.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">527</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2419</span> Realization of Sustainable Urban Society by Personal Electric Transporter and Natural Energy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuichi%20Miyamoto">Yuichi Miyamoto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In regards to the energy sector in the modern period, two points were raised. First is a vast and growing energy demand, and second is an environmental impact associated with it. The enormous consumption of fossil fuel to the mobile unit is leading to its rapid depletion. Nuclear power is not the only problem. A modal shift that utilizes personal transporters and independent power, in order to realize a sustainable society, is very effective. The paper proposes that the world will continue to work on this. Energy of the future society, innovation in battery technology and the use of natural energy is a big key. And it is also necessary in order to save on energy consumption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20energy" title="natural energy">natural energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20shift" title=" modal shift"> modal shift</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20transportation" title=" personal transportation"> personal transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=battery" title=" battery"> battery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8079/realization-of-sustainable-urban-society-by-personal-electric-transporter-and-natural-energy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8079.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">408</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2418</span> Attempt to Reuse Used-PCs as Distributed Storage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toshiya%20Kawato">Toshiya Kawato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin-ichi%20Motomura"> Shin-ichi Motomura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masayuki%20Higashino"> Masayuki Higashino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takao%20Kawamura"> Takao Kawamura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Storage for storing data is indispensable. If a storage capacity becomes insufficient, we can increase its capacity by adding new disks. It is, however, difficult to add a new disk when a budget is not enough. On the other hand, there are many unused idle resources such as used personal computers despite those use value. In order to solve those problems, used personal computers can be reused as storage. In this paper, we attempt to reuse used-PCs as a distributed storage. First, we list up the characteristics of used-PCs and design a storage system that utilizes its characteristics. Next, we experimentally implement an auto-construction system that automatically constructs a distributed storage environment in used-PCs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20storage" title="distributed storage">distributed storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=used%20personal%20computer" title=" used personal computer"> used personal computer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=idle%20resource" title=" idle resource"> idle resource</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auto%20construction" title=" auto construction"> auto construction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87359/attempt-to-reuse-used-pcs-as-distributed-storage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87359.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2417</span> Students’ Academic and Personal Needs: Basis for a Guidance Program</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Susan%20Marie%20R.%20De%20La%20Cruz">Susan Marie R. De La Cruz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bernadette%20F.%20De%20La%20Cruz"> Bernadette F. De La Cruz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georgia%20D.%20Demavibas"> Georgia D. Demavibas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study determined the top 10 perceived students’ academic needs, personal needs, personal obstacles in achieving their academic goals, are as they need assistance, and their perceived feelings in math, reading and writing. The North Carolina State College, Student Support Services needs assessment survey was used. The respondents were the randomly chosen122Graduate school students. The top 10 academic needs are as follows: need to improve memory, communication skills, study habits, time management skills, career decisions, vocabulary, math skills, test taking skills, reading comprehension, and the need to reduce math anxiety. Top 10 personal needs are as follows: difficulty meeting deadline, difficulty managing money, inadequate computer skills, afraid of failing graduate school, difficulty participating in class/group discussions, absence from school, anxiety during exams, little or no experience with internet, personal counseling needs, and unsure of university academic procedures. Students’ top 10 perceived personal obstacles were as follows: issues surrounding sickness in family, lack of time management, lack of money, feeling tired, fears to speak in class, poor study habits, problems at home, late in class, too shy, and always feeling sick and easily distracted. Students felt need assistance in areas surrounding personal budget, stress management, motivation, anxiety, depressions, leadership development and goals/decision making. It is recommended that enrichment activities be provided to respond to students’ academic and personal needs. Also, Graduate School Guidance Counselor collaborates with other licensed Guidance Counselors in other colleges to have a well-coordinated and effective delivery of services responsive to students’ needs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20needs" title="academic needs">academic needs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guidance%20counsellors" title=" guidance counsellors"> guidance counsellors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guidance%20service" title=" guidance service"> guidance service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=needs%20assessment%20survey" title=" needs assessment survey"> needs assessment survey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20needs" title=" personal needs"> personal needs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=student%20services" title=" student services"> student services</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40754/students-academic-and-personal-needs-basis-for-a-guidance-program" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40754.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2416</span> Factors Affecting Employee’s Effectiveness at Job in Banking Sectors of Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajid%20Aman">Sajid Aman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Jobs in the banking sector in Pakistan are perceived as very tough, due to which employee turnover is very high. However, the managerial role is very important in influencing employees’ attitudes toward their turnout. This paper explores the manager’s role in influencing employees’ effectiveness on the job. The paper adopted a pragmatic approach by combining both qualitative and quantitative data. The study employed an exploratory sequential strategy under a mixed-method research design. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Five major themes, such as the manager’s attitude towards employees, his leadership style, listening to employee’s personal problems, provision of personal loans without interest and future career prospects, emerged as key factors increasing employee’s effectiveness in the banking sector. The quantitative data revealed that a manager’s attitude, leadership style, availability to listen to employees’ personal problems, and future career prospects and listening to employee’s personal problems are strongly associated with employees’ effectiveness at the job. However, personal loan without interest was noted as having no significant association with employee’s effectiveness at the job. The study concludes manager’s role is more important in the effectiveness of the employees at their job in the banking sector. It is suggested that managers should have a positive attitude towards employees and give time to listening to employee’s problems, even personal ones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=banking%20sector" title="banking sector">banking sector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employee%E2%80%99s%20effectiveness" title=" employee’s effectiveness"> employee’s effectiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manager%E2%80%99s%20role" title=" manager’s role"> manager’s role</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leadership%20style" title=" leadership style"> leadership style</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187054/factors-affecting-employees-effectiveness-at-job-in-banking-sectors-of-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187054.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">32</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2415</span> The Seller’s Sense: Buying-Selling Perspective Affects the Sensitivity to Expected-Value Differences</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taher%20Abofol">Taher Abofol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eldad%20Yechiam"> Eldad Yechiam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thorsten%20Pachur"> Thorsten Pachur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In four studies, we examined whether seller and buyers differ not only in subjective price levels for objects (i.e., the endowment effect) but also in their relative accuracy given objects varying in expected value. If, as has been proposed, sellers stand to accrue a more substantial loss than buyers do, then their pricing decisions should be more sensitive to expected-value differences between objects. This is implied by loss aversion due to the steeper slope of prospect theory’s value function for losses than for gains, as well as by loss attention account, which posits that losses increase the attention invested in a task. Both accounts suggest that losses increased sensitivity to relative values of different objects, which should result in better alignment of pricing decisions to the objective value of objects on the part of sellers. Under loss attention, this characteristic should only emerge under certain boundary conditions. In Study 1 a published dataset was reanalyzed, in which 152 participants indicated buying or selling prices for monetary lotteries with different expected values. Relative EV sensitivity was calculated for participants as the Spearman rank correlation between their pricing decisions for each of the lotteries and the lotteries' expected values. An ANOVA revealed a main effect of perspective (sellers versus buyers), F(1,150) = 85.3, p < .0001 with greater EV sensitivity for sellers. Study 2 examined the prediction (implied by loss attention) that the positive effect of losses on performance emerges particularly under conditions of time constraints. A published dataset was reanalyzed, where 84 participants were asked to provide selling and buying prices for monetary lotteries in three deliberations time conditions (5, 10, 15 seconds). As in Study 1, an ANOVA revealed greater EV sensitivity for sellers than for buyers, F(1,82) = 9.34, p = .003. Importantly, there was also an interaction of perspective by deliberation time. Post-hoc tests revealed that there were main effects of perspective both in the condition with 5s deliberation time, and in the condition with 10s deliberation time, but not in the 15s condition. Thus, sellers’ EV-sensitivity advantage disappeared with extended deliberation. Study 3 replicated the design of study 1 but administered the task three times to test if the effect decays with repeated presentation. The results showed that the difference between buyers and sellers’ EV sensitivity was replicated in repeated task presentations. Study 4 examined the loss attention prediction that EV-sensitivity differences can be eliminated by manipulations that reduce the differential attention investment of sellers and buyers. This was carried out by randomly mixing selling and buying trials for each participant. The results revealed no differences in EV sensitivity between selling and buying trials. The pattern of results is consistent with an attentional resource-based account of the differences between sellers and buyers. Thus, asking people to price, an object from a seller's perspective rather than the buyer's improves the relative accuracy of pricing decisions; subtle changes in the framing of one’s perspective in a trading negotiation may improve price accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making" title="decision making">decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endowment%20effect" title=" endowment effect"> endowment effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pricing" title=" pricing"> pricing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loss%20aversion" title=" loss aversion"> loss aversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loss%20attention" title=" loss attention"> loss attention</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38287/the-sellers-sense-buying-selling-perspective-affects-the-sensitivity-to-expected-value-differences" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38287.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2414</span> Exploring the Intersection Between the General Data Protection Regulation and the Artificial Intelligence Act</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20J%C4%99drzejczak">Maria Jędrzejczak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patryk%20Pieni%C4%85%C5%BCek"> Patryk Pieniążek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The European legal reality is on the eve of significant change. In European Union law, there is talk of a “fourth industrial revolution”, which is driven by massive data resources linked to powerful algorithms and powerful computing capacity. The above is closely linked to technological developments in the area of artificial intelligence, which has prompted an analysis covering both the legal environment as well as the economic and social impact, also from an ethical perspective. The discussion on the regulation of artificial intelligence is one of the most serious yet widely held at both European Union and Member State level. The literature expects legal solutions to guarantee security for fundamental rights, including privacy, in artificial intelligence systems. There is no doubt that personal data have been increasingly processed in recent years. It would be impossible for artificial intelligence to function without processing large amounts of data (both personal and non-personal). The main driving force behind the current development of artificial intelligence is advances in computing, but also the increasing availability of data. High-quality data are crucial to the effectiveness of many artificial intelligence systems, particularly when using techniques involving model training. The use of computers and artificial intelligence technology allows for an increase in the speed and efficiency of the actions taken, but also creates security risks for the data processed of an unprecedented magnitude. The proposed regulation in the field of artificial intelligence requires analysis in terms of its impact on the regulation on personal data protection. It is necessary to determine what the mutual relationship between these regulations is and what areas are particularly important in the personal data protection regulation for processing personal data in artificial intelligence systems. The adopted axis of considerations is a preliminary assessment of two issues: 1) what principles of data protection should be applied in particular during processing personal data in artificial intelligence systems, 2) what regulation on liability for personal data breaches is in such systems. The need to change the regulations regarding the rights and obligations of data subjects and entities processing personal data cannot be excluded. It is possible that changes will be required in the provisions regarding the assignment of liability for a breach of personal data protection processed in artificial intelligence systems. The research process in this case concerns the identification of areas in the field of personal data protection that are particularly important (and may require re-regulation) due to the introduction of the proposed legal regulation regarding artificial intelligence. The main question that the authors want to answer is how the European Union regulation against data protection breaches in artificial intelligence systems is shaping up. The answer to this question will include examples to illustrate the practical implications of these legal regulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20protection%20law" title="data protection law">data protection law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20data" title=" personal data"> personal data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AI%20law" title=" AI law"> AI law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20data%20breach" title=" personal data breach"> personal data breach</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185310/exploring-the-intersection-between-the-general-data-protection-regulation-and-the-artificial-intelligence-act" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185310.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2413</span> Feature Selection of Personal Authentication Based on EEG Signal for K-Means Cluster Analysis Using Silhouettes Score</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jianfeng%20Hu">Jianfeng Hu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Personal authentication based on electroencephalography (EEG) signals is one of the important field for the biometric technology. More and more researchers have used EEG signals as data source for biometric. However, there are some disadvantages for biometrics based on EEG signals. The proposed method employs entropy measures for feature extraction from EEG signals. Four type of entropies measures, sample entropy (SE), fuzzy entropy (FE), approximate entropy (AE) and spectral entropy (PE), were deployed as feature set. In a silhouettes calculation, the distance from each data point in a cluster to all another point within the same cluster and to all other data points in the closest cluster are determined. Thus silhouettes provide a measure of how well a data point was classified when it was assigned to a cluster and the separation between them. This feature renders silhouettes potentially well suited for assessing cluster quality in personal authentication methods. In this study, “silhouettes scores” was used for assessing the cluster quality of k-means clustering algorithm is well suited for comparing the performance of each EEG dataset. The main goals of this study are: (1) to represent each target as a tuple of multiple feature sets, (2) to assign a suitable measure to each feature set, (3) to combine different feature sets, (4) to determine the optimal feature weighting. Using precision/recall evaluations, the effectiveness of feature weighting in clustering was analyzed. EEG data from 22 subjects were collected. Results showed that: (1) It is possible to use fewer electrodes (3-4) for personal authentication. (2) There was the difference between each electrode for personal authentication (p<0.01). (3) There is no significant difference for authentication performance among feature sets (except feature PE). Conclusion: The combination of k-means clustering algorithm and silhouette approach proved to be an accurate method for personal authentication based on EEG signals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20authentication" title="personal authentication">personal authentication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K-mean%20clustering" title=" K-mean clustering"> K-mean clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electroencephalogram" title=" electroencephalogram"> electroencephalogram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EEG" title=" EEG"> EEG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silhouettes" title=" silhouettes"> silhouettes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67078/feature-selection-of-personal-authentication-based-on-eeg-signal-for-k-means-cluster-analysis-using-silhouettes-score" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67078.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">285</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2412</span> English Language Teachers' Personal Motivation Influences Their Professional Motivation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gulderen%20Saglam">Gulderen Saglam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study explores the elements of personal motivation which influence professional motivation of in-service English language teachers in Bursa in Turkey. Fifty English language teachers participated in a seminar held on ‘teachers’ motivation’ for the length of six hours in two days, which were organized by the local Ministry of Education. During the seminar, teachers firstly aimed to share cornerstones of their professional motivation. Later, those teachers stated the significance of their personal motivation. Two months’ later, those teachers were given the questionnaire including both closed and open-ended questions involving those two types of motivational acts of teachers. Questionnaire items were tested by Crombah’s Alfa Reliability Statistics. Responses to the questionnaire were analyzed by factor analysis and test of normality. The results were also tested by non-parametric and parametric tests. As a result, it was found that language teachers who were personally motivated reported higher professional motivation of theirs in teaching profession in-service. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=influencing%20factor" title="influencing factor">influencing factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in-service-teachers" title=" in-service-teachers"> in-service-teachers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20motivation" title=" personal motivation"> personal motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=professional%20motivation" title=" professional motivation"> professional motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in-service-teachers" title=" in-service-teachers"> in-service-teachers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=influencing%20factor" title=" influencing factor"> influencing factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40385/english-language-teachers-personal-motivation-influences-their-professional-motivation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40385.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">288</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2411</span> Analyzing Medical Workflows Using Market Basket Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohit%20Kumar">Mohit Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mayur%20Betharia"> Mayur Betharia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Healthcare domain, with the emergence of Electronic Medical Record (EMR), collects a lot of data which have been attracting Data Mining expert’s interest. In the past, doctors have relied on their intuition while making critical clinical decisions. This paper presents the means to analyze the Medical workflows to get business insights out of huge dumped medical databases. Market Basket Analysis (MBA) which is a special data mining technique, has been widely used in marketing and e-commerce field to discover the association between products bought together by customers. It helps businesses in increasing their sales by analyzing the purchasing behavior of customers and pitching the right customer with the right product. This paper is an attempt to demonstrate Market Basket Analysis applications in healthcare. In particular, it discusses the Market Basket Analysis Algorithm ‘Apriori’ applications within healthcare in major areas such as analyzing the workflow of diagnostic procedures, Up-selling and Cross-selling of Healthcare Systems, designing healthcare systems more user-friendly. In the paper, we have demonstrated the MBA applications using Angiography Systems, but can be extrapolated to other modalities as well. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20mining" title="data mining">data mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=market%20basket%20analysis" title=" market basket analysis"> market basket analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20applications" title=" healthcare applications"> healthcare applications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20discovery%20in%20healthcare%20databases" title=" knowledge discovery in healthcare databases"> knowledge discovery in healthcare databases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=customer%20relationship%20management" title=" customer relationship management"> customer relationship management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20systems" title=" healthcare systems"> healthcare systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97745/analyzing-medical-workflows-using-market-basket-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97745.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2410</span> Evaluating Value of Users' Personal Information Based on Cost-Benefit Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae%20Hyun%20Park">Jae Hyun Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sangmi%20Chai"> Sangmi Chai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minkyun%20Kim"> Minkyun Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As users spend more time on the Internet, the probability of their personal information being exposed has been growing. This research has a main purpose of investigating factors and examining relationships when Internet users recognize their value of private information with a perspective of an economic asset. The study is targeted on Internet users, and the value of their private information will be converted into economic figures. Moreover, how economic value changes in relation with individual attributes, dealer’s traits, circumstantial properties will be studied. In this research, the changes in factors on private information value responding to different situations will be analyzed in an economic perspective. Additionally, this study examines the associations between users’ perceived risk and value of their personal information. By using the cost-benefit analysis framework, the hypothesis that the user’s sense in private information value can be influenced by individual attributes and situational properties will be tested. Therefore, this research will attempt to provide answers for three research objectives. First, this research will identify factors that affect value recognition of users’ personal information. Second, it provides evidences that there are differences on information system users’ economic value of information responding to personal, trade opponent, and situational attributes. Third, it investigates the impact of those attributes on individuals’ perceived risk. Based on the assumption that personal, trade opponent and situation attributes make an impact on the users’ value recognition on private information, this research will present the understandings on the different impacts of those attributes in recognizing the value of information with the economic perspective and prove the associative relationships between perceived risk and decision on the value of users’ personal information. In order to validate our research model, this research used the regression methodology. Our research results support that information breach experience and information security systems is associated with users’ perceived risk. Information control and uncertainty are also related to users’ perceived risk. Therefore, users’ perceived risk is considered as a significant factor on evaluating the value of personal information. It can be differentiated by trade opponent and situational attributes. This research presents new perspective on evaluating the value of users’ personal information in the context of perceived risk, personal, trade opponent and situational attributes. It fills the gap in the literature by providing how users’ perceived risk are associated with personal, trade opponent and situation attitudes in conducting business transactions with providing personal information. It adds to previous literature that the relationship exists between perceived risk and the value of users’ private information in the economic perspective. It also provides meaningful insights to the managers that in order to minimize the cost of information breach, managers need to recognize the value of individuals’ personal information and decide the proper amount of investments on protecting users’ online information privacy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=private%20information" title="private information">private information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=value" title=" value"> value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=users" title=" users"> users</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perceived%20risk" title=" perceived risk"> perceived risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20information%20privacy" title=" online information privacy"> online information privacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attributes" title=" attributes"> attributes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56324/evaluating-value-of-users-personal-information-based-on-cost-benefit-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56324.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">239</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2409</span> Assessment of Non-Timber Forest Products from Community Managed Forest of Thenzawl Forest Division, Mizoram, Northeast India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Lalhmingsangi">K. Lalhmingsangi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20K.%20Sahoo"> U. K. Sahoo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Non-Timber Forest Products represent one of the key sources of income and subsistence to the fringe communities living in rural areas. A study was conducted for the assessment of NTFP within the community forest of five villages under Thenzawl forest division. Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA), questionnaire, field exercise, discussion and interview with the first hand NTFP exploiter and sellers was adopted for the field study. Fuel wood, medicinal plants, fodder, wild vegetables, fruits, broom grass, thatch grass, bamboo pole and cane species are the main NTFP harvested from the community forest. Among all the NTFPs, the highest percentage of household involvement was found in fuel wood, i.e. 53% of household and least in medicinal plants 5%. They harvest for their own consumption as well as for selling to the market to meet their needs. Edible food and fruits are sold to the market and it was estimated that 300 (Rs/hh/yr) was earned by each household through the selling of this NTFP from the community forest alone. No marketing channels are linked with fuelwood, medicinal plants and fodder since they harvest only for their own consumption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20forest" title="community forest">community forest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subsistence" title=" subsistence"> subsistence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-timber%20forest%20products" title=" non-timber forest products"> non-timber forest products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thenzawl%20Forest%20Division" title=" Thenzawl Forest Division"> Thenzawl Forest Division</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95061/assessment-of-non-timber-forest-products-from-community-managed-forest-of-thenzawl-forest-division-mizoram-northeast-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95061.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2408</span> Socioeconomic Benefits in Agroforestry Practices by Rural Community: Case Study in Paitan District, Sabah, Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Kodoh">J. Kodoh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20L.%20Dumil"> H. L. Dumil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Maid"> M. Maid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Agroforestry system has been widely documented that provide beneﬁts to rural livelihoods and improved socioeconomic status. This study concerns on agroforestry practices in generating local socioeconomic livelihoods. The general approach is to survey local community involvement in the agroforestry activities at four selected rural villages in Paitan district, using a structured questionnaire through personal interview technique. A total of 200 respondents were interviewed where the largest age group of the respondents was more than 50 years old (31%). Almost all respondents had former education (76%), and majority of them were employed (97%) either in the government and private sectors or self-employed. All respondents (100%) were involved in agroforestry activities where agroforestry products as their source of income (Hevea brasiliensis, Durio zibethinus, Elaeis guinensis) and foods (Manihot esculenta, Mangifera sp., Musa sp.) The mean monthly income from selling agroforestry products contributed 16.6% (USD130.37) of the mean total monthly income of the respondents (r=0.407, r²=0.166, p < 0.01). This study also showed that the main driven factor for the respondents (93%) to adopt and sustain the agroforestry practices is their traditional ways of farming that transferred from generation to generation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agroforestry" title="agroforestry">agroforestry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paitan%20district" title=" Paitan district"> Paitan district</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20community" title=" rural community"> rural community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socioeconomic" title=" socioeconomic"> socioeconomic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74851/socioeconomic-benefits-in-agroforestry-practices-by-rural-community-case-study-in-paitan-district-sabah-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74851.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2407</span> Techno-Economic Study on the Potential of Dimethyl Ether (DME) as a Substitute for LPG</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Widya%20Anggraini%20Pamungkas">Widya Anggraini Pamungkas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosana%20Budi%20Setyawati"> Rosana Budi Setyawati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Awaludin%20Fitroh%20Rifai"> Awaludin Fitroh Rifai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Candra%20Pangesti%20Setiawan"> Candra Pangesti Setiawan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anatta%20Wahyu%20Budiiman"> Anatta Wahyu Budiiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inayati"> Inayati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joko%20Waluyo"> Joko Waluyo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunu%20Herwi%20Pranolo"> Sunu Herwi Pranolo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The increase in LPG consumption in Indonesia is not balanced with the amount of supply. The high demand for LPG due to the success of the government's kerosene-to-LPG conversion program and the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 led to an increase in LPG consumption in the household sector and caused Indonesia's trade balance to experience a deficit. The high consumption of LPG encourages the need for alternative fuels as a substitute or which aims to substitute LPG; one of the materials that can be used is Dimethyl Ether (DME). Dimethyl ether (DME) is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH 3. OCH 3 has a high cetane number and has characteristics similar to LPG. DME can be produced from various sources, such as coal, biomass and natural gas. Based on the economic analysis conducted at 10% IRR, coal has the largest NPV of Rp. 20,034,837,497,241 with a payback period of 3.86 years, then biomass with an NPV of Rp. 10,401,526,072,850 and a payback period of 5.16. the latter is natural gas with an NPV of IDR 7,401,272,559,191 and a payback period of 6.17 years. Of the three sources of raw materials used, if the sensitivity is calculated using the selling price of DME equal to the selling price of LPG, it will get an NPV value that is greater than the NPV value when using the current DME price. The advantages of coal as a raw material for DME are not only because it is profitable, namely: low price and abundant resources, but has high greenhouse gas emissions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LPG" title="LPG">LPG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DME" title=" DME"> DME</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coal" title=" coal"> coal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomass" title=" biomass"> biomass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20gas" title=" natural gas"> natural gas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161115/techno-economic-study-on-the-potential-of-dimethyl-ether-dme-as-a-substitute-for-lpg" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161115.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2406</span> The Service Appraisal of Soldiers of the Army of the Czech Republic in the Context of Personal Expenses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tereza%20Dole%C4%8Dkov%C3%A1">Tereza Dolečková</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Following article provides the comparison of international norms and standards formulating personal expenses, and then it illustrates the national concept of personal expenses of the Ministry of Defence. Then a new salary system of soldiers and the importance of the service appraisal in the context of personal expenses of the Ministry of Defence are explained. The first part of the article includes formulation of the approach to the definition of personal expenses within the international norms and standards and also within the Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic. The structure of employees of the Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic in years 2012 – 2014 and the amount of military expenses and the share of salary expenses of the Ministry of total expenses of the Ministry are clarified there, also the comparison of the amount of military expenses in chosen member states of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization is done. The salary system of professional soldiers in connection with the amendment of the Act No. 221/1999 Coll. on Professional Soldiers is clarified in the second part of this article. The amendment significantly regulates the salary items of soldiers but changes are also in the service appraisal of soldiers which reflects one of seven salary items of soldiers – the performance bonus. The aim of this article is to clarify different approach to define personal expenses with emphasis on the Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic which overlaps to the service appraisal of soldiers of the Army of the Czech Republic and their salary system in connection with personal expenses of the Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic. The efficient and objective system of the service appraisal and the use of its results are connected to the principles of the career advancement; only the best soldiers can advance in the system of the service careers to higher positions. That is why it is necessary to improve the service appraisal so it would provide the maximum information about the performance of a soldier and it would also motivate the soldier in his development. The attention should be paid to the service appraisal of the soldiers of the Army of the Czech Republic to achieve as much objectivity as possible. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=career" title="career">career</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20resource%20management%20and%20development" title=" human resource management and development"> human resource management and development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20expenses" title=" personal expenses"> personal expenses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salary%20system%20of%20soldiers" title=" salary system of soldiers"> salary system of soldiers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20appraisal%20of%20soldiers" title=" service appraisal of soldiers"> service appraisal of soldiers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20Army%20of%20the%20Czech%20Republic" title=" the Army of the Czech Republic"> the Army of the Czech Republic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45845/the-service-appraisal-of-soldiers-of-the-army-of-the-czech-republic-in-the-context-of-personal-expenses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45845.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2405</span> The Perspective of Smart Thermoregulation in Personal Protective Equipment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Saidi">Alireza Saidi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aside from injuries due to direct contact with hot or cold substances or objects, exposure to extreme temperatures in the workplace involves physical hazards to workers. On the other hand, a poorly acclimatized worker may have reduced performance and alertness and may, therefore, be more vulnerable to the risk of accidents and injuries. Due to the incompatibility of the standards put in place with certain workplaces and the lack of thermoregulation in many protective equipments, thermal strains remain among the physical risks most present in many work sectors. However, many of these problems can be overcome thanks to the potential of intelligent textile technologies allowing intelligent thermoregulation in protective equipment. Nowadays, technologies such as heating elements, cooling elements are applied in products intended for sport and leisure, and research work has been carried out in the integration of temperature sensors and thermal stress detectors in personal protective equipment. However, the usage of all of these technologies in personal protective equipment remains very marginal. This article presents a portrait of the current state of intelligent thermoregulation systems by carrying out a synthesis of technical developments, which is accompanied by a gap analysis of current developments. Thus, the research work necessary for the adaptation and integration of intelligent thermoregulation systems with personal protective equipment is discussed in order to offer a perspective of future developments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20protective%20equipment" title="personal protective equipment">personal protective equipment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20textiles" title=" smart textiles"> smart textiles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoregulation" title=" thermoregulation"> thermoregulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20strain" title=" thermal strain"> thermal strain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119600/the-perspective-of-smart-thermoregulation-in-personal-protective-equipment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119600.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20selling&page=1" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20selling&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">2</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20selling&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20selling&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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