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Stone labyrinths of Bolshoi Zayatsky Island - Wikipedia

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class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">64.97050°N 35.66480°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">64.97050; 35.66480</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_03.jpg/260px-RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_03.jpg/390px-RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_03.jpg/520px-RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6854" data-file-height="3736" /></a><figcaption>Section of one of the larger stone labyrinths on Bolshoi Zayatsky Island</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>stone labyrinths of Bolshoi Zayatsky Island</b> are a group of 13 or 14 <a href="/wiki/Labyrinth" title="Labyrinth">labyrinths</a> on <a href="/wiki/Bolshoy_Zayatsky_Island" title="Bolshoy Zayatsky Island">Bolshoy Zayatsky Island</a>, one of the <a href="/wiki/Solovetsky_Islands" title="Solovetsky Islands">Solovetsky Islands</a> in <a href="/wiki/Arkhangelsk_Oblast" title="Arkhangelsk Oblast">Arkhangelsk Oblast</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>. Lacking standard archaeological study, a research group from <a href="/wiki/St._Petersberg" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Petersberg">St. Petersberg</a> theorize that the labyrinths are about 2500 years old, according to their orientation, their supposed ritual use, and changes in the direction of the zenith on the <a href="/wiki/Solstice" title="Solstice">solstice</a> throughout history.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Most researchers doubt that they are that old; the vast majority of labyrinths in this area date at the earliest to the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Apart from the labyrinths, there are more than 850 heaps of boulders on Bolshoi Zayatsky Island, plus numerous other stone settings such as a stone symbol with radial spokes, possibly representing the sun. All the labyrinths are concentrated in an area of 0.4&#160;km<sup>2</sup> on the western part of the island. Another enormous complex of stone settings on Sopka Hill, in the eastern part of the island, does not include any labyrinths. </p><p>All in all, there are 35 labyrinths (known as <i>vavilons</i> – "Babylons" – in the local dialect) in the Solovetsky Islands. All have been made of local boulders. Excavations in the stone heaps have yielded parts of bones.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stone_labyrinths_of_Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_02.jpg/220px-RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_02.jpg/330px-RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_02.jpg/440px-RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5645" data-file-height="2215" /></a><figcaption>One of the smaller labyrinths</figcaption></figure> <p>Measuring between 6–25.4&#160;m (20–83&#160;ft) in diameter, the labyrinths are mostly made of boulders (c.30–40&#160;cm (12–16&#160;in) in diameter) set in a row. The rows are twisted in the form of a spiral; often there are two spirals set one into another, which has been likened to "two serpents with their heads in the middle looking at each other". Intermittently along the spiral there are thicker or wider heaps of stones; the ends of the spirals are also wider. </p><p>The entrances are generally on the southern sides of the labyrinths, but can also be found in the south-western, eastern or western parts. The labyrinths have five types of settings, but each has only one entrance which also serves as an exit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Purpose">Purpose</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stone_labyrinths_of_Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Purpose"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The function of the stone settings is unclear. One suggestion is that they may have symbolised a border between this world and the <a href="/wiki/Underworld" title="Underworld">underworld</a> and the labyrinth may have been used for specific rituals to help the <a href="/wiki/Soul" title="Soul">souls</a> of the dead travel to <a href="/wiki/Afterlife" title="Afterlife">another world</a>. Another hypothesis is that the settings may have served as a model for complex fishing equipment.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_01.jpg/150px-RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_01.jpg/225px-RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_01.jpg/300px-RUS-2016-Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island-Stone_labyrinth_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7358" data-file-height="3984" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zayatsky_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Zayatsky_03.jpg/150px-Zayatsky_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Zayatsky_03.jpg/225px-Zayatsky_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Zayatsky_03.jpg/300px-Zayatsky_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3268" data-file-height="2119" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stone_labyrinth_in_winter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Stone_labyrinth_in_winter.jpg/150px-Stone_labyrinth_in_winter.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Stone_labyrinth_in_winter.jpg/225px-Stone_labyrinth_in_winter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Stone_labyrinth_in_winter.jpg/300px-Stone_labyrinth_in_winter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4062" data-file-height="2703" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zayatsky_04.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Zayatsky_04.jpg/150px-Zayatsky_04.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Zayatsky_04.jpg/225px-Zayatsky_04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Zayatsky_04.jpg/300px-Zayatsky_04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Big_stone_labyrinth.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Big_stone_labyrinth.jpg/150px-Big_stone_labyrinth.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Big_stone_labyrinth.jpg/225px-Big_stone_labyrinth.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Big_stone_labyrinth.jpg/300px-Big_stone_labyrinth.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6330" data-file-height="2944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stone_labyrinths_of_Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Troy_Town" title="Troy Town">Troy Town</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stone_labyrinths_of_Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFParaninaParanin2006" class="citation journal cs1">Paranina, A. N.; Paranin, R. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.transnav.eu/Article_The_Research_of_Northern_Labyrinths_Paranina,39,667.html">"The Research of Northern Labyrinths as Navigation Network Elements"</a>. <i>TransNav</i>. <b>10</b> (3): 451–456. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.12716%2F1001.10.03.10">10.12716/1001.10.03.10</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=TransNav&amp;rft.atitle=The+Research+of+Northern+Labyrinths+as+Navigation+Network+Elements&amp;rft.volume=10&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.pages=451-456&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.12716%2F1001.10.03.10&amp;rft.aulast=Paranina&amp;rft.aufirst=A.+N.&amp;rft.au=Paranin%2C+R.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.transnav.eu%2FArticle_The_Research_of_Northern_Labyrinths_Paranina%2C39%2C667.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStone+labyrinths+of+Bolshoi+Zayatsky+Island" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaward2003" class="citation book cs1">Saward, Jeff (2003). <i>Labyrinths and Mazes</i>. Gaia Books. pp.&#160;148–149. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/185675183X" title="Special:BookSources/185675183X"><bdi>185675183X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Labyrinths+and+Mazes&amp;rft.pages=148-149&amp;rft.pub=Gaia+Books&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.isbn=185675183X&amp;rft.aulast=Saward&amp;rft.aufirst=Jeff&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStone+labyrinths+of+Bolshoi+Zayatsky+Island" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Мартынов Александр. Археологическое прошлое Соловецкого архипелага: материк — море — острова. Альманах "Соловецкое море". № 1. 2002 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.solovki.info/?action=archive&amp;id=36">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Буров Владимир. О семантике каменных лабиринтов севера. <a href="/wiki/Etnograficheskoe_Obozrenie" title="Etnograficheskoe Obozrenie">Этнографическое обозрение</a>, № 1, 2001 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.rozhdestvenka.ru/burov2.htm">[2]</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stone_labyrinths_of_Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Виноградов Н. Соловецкие лабиринты. Их происхождение и место в ряду однородных доисторических памятников. Материалы СОК. Вып. 4. Соловки, 1927</li> <li>Куратов А. Древние лабиринты Архангельского Беломорья. Историко-краеведческий сборник. Вологда, С. 63–76. 1973</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stone_labyrinths_of_Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wondermondo.com/Countries/E/RUS/Arkhangelsk/Bolshoi_Zayatsky.htm">Wondermondo - Stone labyrinths of Bolshoi Zayatsky Island</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.solovki.ca/old_09/labyrinth_solovki/labyrinth_solovki.php">Соловки Энциклопедия</a> Solovki Encyclopaedia</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geophoto.ru/?action=collection&amp;id=917">Picture gallery</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130515034957/http://geophoto.ru/?action=collection&amp;id=917">Archived</a> 2013-05-15 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Stone_labyrinths_of_Bolshoi_Zayatsky_Island&amp;params=64.97050_N_35.66480_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">64°58′14″N</span> <span class="longitude">35°39′53″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">64.97050°N 35.66480°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">64.97050; 35.66480</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5cb77ff894‐snqd8 Cached time: 20241027023632 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.211 seconds Real time usage: 0.315 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 307/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 6302/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 107/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 13976/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.121/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4612505/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 284.266 1 -total 42.94% 122.066 1 Template:Reflist 32.23% 91.627 1 Template:Cite_journal 30.57% 86.890 1 Template:Coord 15.04% 42.762 2 Template:Convert 4.18% 11.876 1 Template:Webarchive 2.45% 6.972 1 Template:Cite_book 0.62% 1.770 1 Template:Main_other --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:25326046-0!canonical and timestamp 20241027023632 and revision id 1252382584. 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