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class="form-item js-form-item form-type-textfield js-form-type-textfield form-item-homepage js-form-item-homepage form-group"> <label for="edit-homepage--4" class="control-label">Deje este campo en blanco</label> <input autocomplete="off" data-drupal-selector="edit-homepage" class="form-text form-control" type="text" id="edit-homepage--4" name="homepage" value="" size="20" maxlength="128" /> </div> </div> </form> </p> </center> </div> </section> </main> </section> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <section class="col-sm-8"> <div class="highlighted"> <div class="region region-highlighted"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> </div> <a id="main-content"></a> <div class="region region-content"> <h1 class="page-header"><span>Alfonso de Churruca y Calbetón</span> </h1> <article role="article" about="/biografias/83435/alfonso-de-churruca-y-calbeton" class="bio full clearfix"> <div class="content"> <div class="wrapper-biografia"> <div class="field field--name-field-biografia field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field--label sr-only">Biografía</div> <div class="field--item"> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-weight:bold;">Churruca y Calbetón, Alfonso de. </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Conde de El Abra (I). </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Bilbao (Vizcaya), 20.IV.1884 – Guecho (Vizcaya), 31.XII.1970. Empresario, diputado y procurador en Cortes.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Hijo de Evaristo de Churruca y Brunet, primer conde de Motrico, y Ramona Calbetón y Blanchón, fue bautizado como Alfonso Ramón del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús. Su padre, ingeniero de caminos, fue el impulsor de la construcción del puerto exterior del Abra (Bilbao). Estudió en el Instituto Vizcaíno, de la entonces llamada plaza de los Auxiliares, para cursar posteriormente estudios de Ingeniería en la Escuela de Ingenieros Industriales de Bilbao. Terminados sus estudios en 1905, y tras realizar prácticas en Bélgica —en la Cockerill—, se incorporó, a su regreso en 1906, a Altos Hornos de Vizcaya como ingeniero industrial. Su carrera profesional estuvo intensamente ligada a esta empresa vizcaína, ocupando el cargo de jefe de laminación y llegando a la subdirección en 1936. Finalmente, en 1956 alcanzó la presidencia del Consejo de Administración, cargo que mantuvo hasta 1965, y que dejó por razones de salud. Entre las iniciativas empresariales más importantes llevadas a cabo por Alfonso de Churruca en estos años, cabe destacar la introducción del tren Blooming-Slabbing, las nuevas baterías de coque, además de los nuevos trenes de alambre y redondo, y de laminación de bandas en caliente. Formó parte del primer Consejo de Administración de la sociedad anónima Gran Hotel Carlton de Bilbao (21 de enero de 1919), junto con otros representantes de la alta burguesía vizcaína. Vicepresidente y miembro de honor del Instituto Internacional del Hierro y del Acero, fundó la rama hispana de éste y fue también su presidente. Ostentó, asimismo, la presidencia de la Compañía Arrendataria del Monopolio de Petróleos, de Campsa (1946), de la Sociedad Española de Construcciones Electromecánicas y de Azucarera Española. Presidió la Junta de Obras del Puerto y Ría de Bilbao (1939-1968) y el Centro Industrial de Vizcaya, y estuvo entre los fundadores de la Liga Guipuzcoana de Productores, siendo también consejero del Banco de Bilbao, Banco de Comercio y Banco de Irún. En otra dimensión de relevancia, como miembro destacado de la sociedad bilbaína, fue miembro del Patronato de la Escuela de Ingenieros de Bilbao, del Patronato de la Universidad de Deusto y de la Junta Vizcaína de Cultura. Presidente del Real Sporting Club (1932-1934) y de la Sociedad Bilbaína (1939-1940); durante su ejercicio se celebró durante el centenario del club, una institución local de gran valor simbólico.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">En el capítulo de la actividad sociopolítica ha de reseñarse que fue elegido diputado a Cortes por el distrito de Zumaya (Guipúzcoa) representando al maurismo, durante las elecciones de 1919, fue reelegido en 1920 y 1923. Posteriormente se le nombró procurador en la Asamblea Nacional (1926) y procurador en Cortes (1942). Contrajo matrimonio en Las Arenas, el 15 de octubre de 1912, con María Teresa de la Concepción Margarita de Zubiría y Urízar —hija de Luis de Zubiría e Ybarra, consejero y fundador de Altos Hornos de Vizcaya—, fruto del cual nacieron dos hijos: María de los Dolores y Alfonso, fallecido este último en el frente de Toledo, el 2 de marzo de 1939. Caballero de la Gran Cruz de la Orden de Isabel la Católica, Medalla de Oro del Trabajo, Medalla de Oro de Vizcaya y Medalla de Oro de Motrico, se le otorgó el título de conde de El Abra, el 18 de julio de 1969, en reconocimiento a sus desvelos y meritorio trabajo en defensa y promoción del puerto de Bilbao. De sus aficiones como escritor, destacan algunas aportaciones a la historia económica de Vizcaya y una obra breve de carácter costumbrista.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"> </span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Obras de ~: </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">El fuego de Barrencalle: sainete en un acto y prólogo, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Sestao (Portugalete), Imprenta de J. Bayo, 1933; </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Apuntes de la ría de Bilbao, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">s. l., 1947; </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Minería, industria y comercio del País Vasco, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">San Sebastián, Biblioteca Vascongada de los Amigos del País, 1951; </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Pasado, presente y futuro del Puerto de Bilbao, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">s. l., Junta de Obras del Puerto, 1964.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"> </span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Bibl.: A. Delaunet, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">La Casa de los Churruca y sus alianzas 1400-1957, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">San Sebastián, 1957; Altos Hornos de Vizcaya, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Esto es Altos Hornos de Vizcaya, S.A., </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Bilbao, Altos Hornos de Vizcaya, 1961; C. López Sainz (ed.), </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Primer quién es quién en Vizcaya, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Bilbao, La Gran Enciclopedia Vasca, 1975; E. Calle Iturrino, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Churruca y el Abra, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Bilbao, Caja de Ahorros Vizcaína, 1977; M. Basas Fernández, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">La Sociedad Bilbaína, 150 años: 1939-1989, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Bilbao, Sociedad Bilbaína, 1989; VV. AA., </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Enciclopedia General Ilustrada del País Vasco, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">San Sebastián, Auñamendi, 1991; A. C. Saiz Valdivielso (coord.), </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Diccionario ilustrado de Bilbao, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Bilbao, Fundación BBK, 2001; E. J. Alonso Olea, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Historia del Club RCMA-RSC: Real Club Marítimo del Abra-Real Sporting Club: 1898-2002, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Bilbao, Josu Villalabeitia, 2002.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"> </span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">María Jesús Cava Mesa </span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </section> <aside class="col-sm-4" role="complementary"> <div class="region region-sidebar-second"> <section id="block-preguntasfrecuentes" class="block block-block-content block-block-contentbb506541-4315-4ede-8b34-510511732f52 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