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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p> This article presents a timeline of events related to popular <a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">free</a>/<a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">open-source software</a>. For a narrative explaining the overall development, see the related <a href="/wiki/History_of_free_and_open-source_software" title="History of free and open-source software">history of free and open-source software</a>. </p><p>The Achievements column documents achievements a project attained at some point in time (not necessarily when it was first released). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1970s">1970s</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_free_and_open-source_software&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: 1970s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date </th> <th>Project </th> <th class="unsortable">Event </th> <th class="unsortable">Achievements </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1976 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emacs" title="Emacs">Emacs</a> </td> <td>The original EMACS was a set of Editor MACroS for the TECO editor written in 1976 by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Stallman" title="Richard Stallman">Richard Stallman</a>, initially together with <a href="/wiki/Guy_L._Steele_Jr." title="Guy L. Steele Jr.">Guy L. Steele Jr.</a> Later in 1984 the GNU Emacs was released under a GNU General Public License.<sup id="cite_ref-Yu-wei2005_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yu-wei2005-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Longest continuously-developed GNU project </td></tr> <tr> <td>1978 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Software_Distribution" title="Berkeley Software Distribution">BSD</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bill_Joy" title="Bill Joy">Bill Joy</a> started compiling the first Berkeley Software Distribution (1BSD), which was released on March 9, 1978. </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1980s">1980s</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_free_and_open-source_software&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1980s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date </th> <th>Project </th> <th class="unsortable">Event </th> <th class="unsortable">Achievements </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1982 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/TeX" title="TeX">TeX</a> </td> <td>Originally written by <a href="/wiki/Donald_Knuth" title="Donald Knuth">Donald Knuth</a> in 1978, the new version of TeX was rewritten from scratch and was published in 1982.<sup id="cite_ref-Beebe2003_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Beebe2003-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>One of the longest continuously-developed open source projects </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1983, September </td> <td><a href="/wiki/GNU_Project" title="GNU Project">GNU Project</a> </td> <td>Announced by Richard Stallman on <a href="/wiki/Usenet" title="Usenet">Usenet</a> as a project to create a "Free Unix"<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Became the standard userland for <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1991</span>); <a href="/wiki/USENIX_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="USENIX Lifetime Achievement Award">USENIX Lifetime Achievement Award</a> (2001) </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1984 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/X_Window_System" title="X Window System">X Window System</a> </td> <td>X originated at <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</a> in 1984. The current protocol version, <a href="/wiki/X_Window_System#Release_history" title="X Window System">X11</a>, appeared in September 1987. The <a href="/wiki/X.Org_Foundation" title="X.Org Foundation">X.Org</a> Foundation now leads the X project, with the current reference implementation, X.org Server, available as free software under the <a href="/wiki/MIT_License" title="MIT License">MIT License</a> and similar permissive licenses. </td> <td>Most popular windowing system implementation for desktop Linux and all Unix operating systems, excluding Mac OS X </td></tr> <tr> <td>1985 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/PostgreSQL" title="PostgreSQL">POSTGRES</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Stonebraker" title="Michael Stonebraker">Michael Stonebraker</a> returned to Berkeley in 1985, and began a post-Ingres project to address the problems with contemporary database systems that had become increasingly clear during the early 1980s. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1987 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/GNU_Compiler_Collection" title="GNU Compiler Collection">GCC</a> </td> <td>Written by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Stallman" title="Richard Stallman">Richard Stallman</a> with contributions from others as the C compiler for the GNU Project. Later the project would be known as the GNU Compiler Collection. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1987 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Perl" title="Perl">Perl</a> </td> <td>Perl, the <a href="/wiki/Dynamic_programming_language" title="Dynamic programming language">dynamic programming language</a> was created by <a href="/wiki/Larry_Wall" title="Larry Wall">Larry Wall</a> and first released in 1987. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1988 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bash_(Unix_shell)" title="Bash (Unix shell)">Bash</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brian_Fox_(programmer)" title="Brian Fox (programmer)">Brian Fox</a> began <a href="/wiki/Computer_programming" title="Computer programming">coding</a> Bash on January 10, 1988, after <a href="/wiki/Richard_Stallman" title="Richard Stallman">Richard Stallman</a> became dissatisfied with the lack of progress being made by a prior developer. </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1990s">1990s</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_free_and_open-source_software&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1990s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date </th> <th>Project </th> <th class="unsortable">Event </th> <th class="unsortable">Achievements </th></tr> <tr> <td>1990 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Z_shell" title="Z shell">Zsh</a> </td> <td>Paul Falstad wrote the first version of Zsh in 1990. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1991 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Linux_kernel" title="Linux kernel">Linux kernel</a> </td> <td>Started by <a href="/wiki/Linus_Torvalds" title="Linus Torvalds">Linus Torvalds</a>, Since the initial release of its source code in 1991, it would grow from a small number of C files under a license prohibiting commercial distribution to its state in 2007 of about 290 megabytes of source under the GNU General Public License. </td> <td>Many, including: Most popular kernel used by top 500 supercomputers. Most popular kernel in mobile devices sold in 2013. </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1991 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a> </td> <td>First released by <a href="/wiki/Guido_van_Rossum" title="Guido van Rossum">Guido van Rossum</a> in 1991. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1992 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/386BSD" title="386BSD">386BSD</a> </td> <td>386BSD was written mainly by Berkeley alumni <a href="/wiki/Lynne_Jolitz" title="Lynne Jolitz">Lynne Jolitz</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Jolitz" title="William Jolitz">William Jolitz</a>. The 386BSD releases made to the public beginning in 1992. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1992 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Samba_(software)" title="Samba (software)">Samba</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Tridgell" title="Andrew Tridgell">Andrew Tridgell</a> developed the first version of Samba in 1992, at the Australian National University. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1993, March </td> <td><a href="/wiki/NetBSD" title="NetBSD">NetBSD</a> </td> <td>The project began as a result of frustration within the 386BSD developer community with the pace and direction of the operating system's development. The four founders of the NetBSD project were Chris Demetriou, Theo de Raadt, Adam Glass and Charles Hannum. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1993 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lua_(programming_language)" title="Lua (programming language)">Lua</a> </td> <td>Lua was created in 1993 by <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Ierusalimschy" title="Roberto Ierusalimschy">Roberto Ierusalimschy</a>, Luiz Henrique de Figueiredo, and Waldemar Celes, members of the Computer Graphics Technology Group (Tecgraf) at the <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Catholic_University_of_Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro">Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1993, August </td> <td><a href="/wiki/R_(programming_language)" title="R (programming language)">R</a> </td> <td>First released by <a href="/wiki/Ross_Ihaka" title="Ross Ihaka">Ross Ihaka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Gentleman_(statistician)" title="Robert Gentleman (statistician)">Robert Gentleman</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Auckland" title="University of Auckland">University of Auckland</a>, NZ </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1993, Dec </td> <td><a href="/wiki/FreeBSD" title="FreeBSD">FreeBSD</a> </td> <td>FreeBSD's development began in 1993 with a quickly growing, unofficial patchkit maintained by users of the 386BSD operating system. The first official release was FreeBSD 1.0 in December 1993. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1993 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wine_(software)" title="Wine (software)">Wine</a> </td> <td>Bob Amstadt (the initial project leader) and Eric Youngdale started the project in 1993 as a way to run <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a> applications on Linux. </td> <td>Now able to run vast numbers of Windows applications and video games </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1994, March </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Linux_Journal" title="Linux Journal">Linux Journal</a></i> </td> <td>First issue of the first <a href="/wiki/Computer_magazine" title="Computer magazine">computer magazine</a> dedicated to Linux. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1994, March </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Software_Distribution" title="Berkeley Software Distribution">BSD</a> </td> <td>4.4BSD-Lite was released that no longer require a USL source license. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1995, June </td> <td><a href="/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">PHP</a> </td> <td>Originally created by <a href="/wiki/Rasmus_Lerdorf" title="Rasmus Lerdorf">Rasmus Lerdorf</a> in 1994, it was released publicly in June 1995. </td> <td>Formed part of the most popular web development stack (<a href="/wiki/LAMP_(software_bundle)" title="LAMP (software bundle)">LAMP</a>) in the 1990s and 2000s </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1995 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/GIMP" title="GIMP">GIMP</a> </td> <td>Created by <a href="/wiki/Spencer_Kimball_(computer_programmer)" title="Spencer Kimball (computer programmer)">Spencer Kimball</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peter_Mattis" title="Peter Mattis">Peter Mattis</a>, the project originally stood for General Image Manipulation Program. </td> <td>Used by <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States" title="Cinema of the United States">Hollywood</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Fork_(software_development)" title="Fork (software development)">forked</a> form of <a href="/wiki/CinePaint" title="CinePaint">CinePaint</a> (formerly known as Film Gimp) </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1995 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)" title="Ruby (programming language)">Ruby</a> </td> <td>Created by <a href="/wiki/Yukihiro_Matsumoto" title="Yukihiro Matsumoto">Yukihiro Matsumoto</a>, the programming language drew greater attention in the 2000s due to the <a href="/wiki/Ruby_on_Rails" title="Ruby on Rails">Ruby on Rails</a> web development framework </td> <td>Became extremely popular with <a href="/wiki/Dot-com_company" title="Dot-com company">internet startups</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1996 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server" title="Apache HTTP Server">Apache</a> </td> <td>The first version of the Apache web server was created by <a href="/wiki/Robert_McCool" title="Robert McCool">Robert McCool</a>, who was heavily involved with the <a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Supercomputing_Applications" title="National Center for Supercomputing Applications">NCSA</a> web server, known simply as <a href="/wiki/NCSA_HTTPd" title="NCSA HTTPd">NCSA HTTPd</a>. </td> <td>Most popular web server </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1996 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/KDE" title="KDE">KDE</a> </td> <td>KDE was founded in 1996 by <a href="/wiki/Matthias_Ettrich" title="Matthias Ettrich">Matthias Ettrich</a>, who was then a student at the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1997, August </td> <td><a href="/wiki/GNOME" title="GNOME">GNOME</a> </td> <td>The initial project leaders for GNOME were <a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_Icaza" title="Miguel de Icaza">Miguel de Icaza</a> and <a href="/wiki/Federico_Mena" class="mw-redirect" title="Federico Mena">Federico Mena</a>. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1999, August </td> <td><a href="/wiki/OpenOffice.org" title="OpenOffice.org">OpenOffice.org</a> </td> <td>Originally developed as the proprietary software application suite <a href="/wiki/StarOffice" title="StarOffice">StarOffice</a> by the German company StarDivision, the code was purchased in 1999 by <a href="/wiki/Sun_Microsystems" title="Sun Microsystems">Sun Microsystems</a>. The code was made available free of charge in August 1999. On July 19, 2000, Sun Microsystems announced that it was making the source code of StarOffice available for download under both the LGPL and the <a href="/wiki/Sun_Industry_Standards_Source_License" title="Sun Industry Standards Source License">Sun Industry Standards Source License</a> (SISSL) </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2000s">2000s</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_free_and_open-source_software&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2000s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date </th> <th>Project </th> <th class="unsortable">Event </th> <th class="unsortable">Achievements </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/LLVM" title="LLVM">LLVM</a> </td> <td>Compiler toolkit, started at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. Initially a research project and known as "Low-Level Virtual Machine". </td> <td>Adopted by <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a> as their primary compilation platform for <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">Mac OS X</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2001 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Free_Software_Foundation_Europe" title="Free Software Foundation Europe">Free Software Foundation Europe</a> </td> <td>Founded to support free software and oppose <a href="/wiki/Software_patent" title="Software patent">software patents</a> in Europe </td> <td>Theodor Heuss Medal (2010) </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2002 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Blender_(software)" title="Blender (software)">Blender</a> </td> <td>Formerly <a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">proprietary software</a>, released as open source in 2002 after a <a href="/wiki/Crowdfunding" title="Crowdfunding">crowdfunding</a> campaign </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2002 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a> </td> <td>There was no name for the project, until the Wikimedia Foundation was announced in June 2003, when name MediaWiki was coined by a Wikipedia contributor. </td> <td>Integral to the development of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003, February </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Open_Source_Society" title="New Zealand Open Source Society">New Zealand Open Source Society</a> </td> <td>New Zealand Open Source Society (NZOSS), a non-profit organization and incorporated society began with a suggestive letter by David Lane to the government, along with 400 supporters signatures to begin the advancement of open software in New Zealand. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2003, April </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Firefox" title="Firefox">Firefox</a> </td> <td>Descended from the <a href="/wiki/Mozilla_Application_Suite" title="Mozilla Application Suite">Mozilla Application Suite</a>, the project started as an experimental branch of the <a href="/wiki/Mozilla_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Mozilla Project">Mozilla Project</a>. Originally titled Phoenix, then renamed as Firebird, the project was finally named Mozilla Firefox. The version 1.0 was released on November 9, 2004. </td> <td>The second most popular web browser in the world until 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003, May </td> <td><a href="/wiki/WordPress" title="WordPress">WordPress</a> </td> <td>a free and open-source <a href="/wiki/Content_management_system" title="Content management system">content management system</a> (CMS) written in <a href="/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">PHP</a> and paired with a <a href="/wiki/MySQL" title="MySQL">MySQL</a> or <a href="/wiki/MariaDB" title="MariaDB">MariaDB</a> database. </td> <td>Most popular content management system in the world </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu" title="Ubuntu">Ubuntu</a> </td> <td>a user friendly linux distro </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2005 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Git" title="Git">Git</a> </td> <td>Created by Linux founder Linus Torvalds </td> <td>World's most popular <a href="/wiki/Distributed_version_control" title="Distributed version control">distributed revision control system</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2008, September </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chromium_(web_browser)" title="Chromium (web browser)">Chromium</a> </td> <td>Released by Google </td> <td>Forms the majority of the code in <a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a>, the most popular web browser in the world </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2008 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> </td> <td>Released by Google </td> <td>Most popular mobile platform in the world </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2009 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/ChromiumOS" title="ChromiumOS">ChromiumOS</a> </td> <td>Released by Google </td> <td>Has since enjoyed popular use in types of devices known as <a href="/wiki/Chromebook" title="Chromebook">Chromebooks</a> and Chromeboxes </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>By the 2000s the number of open source software packages in wide use was so large that it would be infeasible to make a definitive list. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2010s">2010s</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_free_and_open-source_software&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 2010s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date </th> <th>Project </th> <th class="unsortable">Event </th> <th class="unsortable">Achievements </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2010, March </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Linaro" title="Linaro">Linaro</a> </td> <td>Founded </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2010 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/LibreOffice" title="LibreOffice">LibreOffice</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/LibreOffice" title="LibreOffice">LibreOffice</a> is released; a free open office suite including applications such as word processing, spreadsheets, drawing and database. </td> <td>Available in over 100 languages. </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2010 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> </td> <td>Becomes most popular <a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphone</a> operating system (OS),<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> later became most popular general purpose OS overall. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2011 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Git" title="Git">Git</a> </td> <td>Microsoft survey of 1,000 software developers reveals that Git is the most popular version control system among developers<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2011 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bootstrap_(front-end_framework)" title="Bootstrap (front-end framework)">Bootstrap</a> </td> <td>Free <a href="/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" class="mw-redirect" title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</a> and <a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> development starting kit, released by <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> </td> <td>Becomes most popular repository on <a href="/wiki/GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a> (2012) </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2012 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a>, based on Chromium </td> <td>Overtakes <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a> to become most widely used web browser, according to <a href="/wiki/StatCounter" title="StatCounter">StatCounter</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2013 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Firefox_OS" title="Firefox OS">Firefox OS</a> </td> <td>Mobile phone operating system, released by <a href="/wiki/Mozilla_Foundation" title="Mozilla Foundation">Mozilla Foundation</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2013 (Q2) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> </td> <td>Overtakes <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> to become most popular <a href="/wiki/Tablet_computer" title="Tablet computer">tablet</a> operating system<sup id="cite_ref-nbc_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nbc-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2013, September </td> <td><a href="/wiki/SteamOS" title="SteamOS">SteamOS</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation">Valve</a>'s new Linux-based operating system for its Steambox consoles, intended to promote <a href="/wiki/Linux_gaming" class="mw-redirect" title="Linux gaming">Linux gaming</a> and spread <a href="/wiki/Linux_adoption" title="Linux adoption">Linux adoption</a> in the high-end video game sector </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2014, February </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vue.js" title="Vue.js">Vue.js</a> </td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/JavaScript_framework" class="mw-redirect" title="JavaScript framework">JavaScript framework</a> Vue.js is released </td> <td>Becomes most popular JavaScript framework on GitHub </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2019, July </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Debian" title="Debian">Debian</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Debian" title="Debian">Debian</a> 10 "Buster" is released<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2020s">2020s</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_free_and_open-source_software&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2020s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_computing_2020%E2%80%93present" title="Timeline of computing 2020–present">Timeline of computing 2020–present</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date </th> <th>Project </th> <th class="unsortable">Event </th> <th class="unsortable">Achievements </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2020, June </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> </td> <td>The Linux operating systems market share breaks the 3% marker for the first time in June 2020, reaching 3.57% in July 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_free_and_open-source_software&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_free_and_open-source_software" title="History of free and open-source software">History of free and open-source software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_free_and_open-source_software_packages" title="List of free and open-source software packages">List of free and open-source software packages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_programming_languages" title="Timeline of programming languages">Timeline of programming languages</a> – many programming languages are open source</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_operating_systems" title="Timeline of operating systems">Timeline of operating systems</a> – quite a few operating systems are open source</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_adoption#Timeline" title="Linux adoption">Timeline of Linux adoption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_open-access_movement" title="Timeline of the open-access movement">Timeline of the open-access movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Linux" title="History of Linux">History of Linux</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linux_kernel#History" title="Linux kernel">Linux kernel § History</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_free_and_open-source_software&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Yu-wei2005-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Yu-wei2005_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFYu-wei2005" class="citation cs2">Yu-wei, Lin (June 2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hwswworld.com/pdfs/frontier16.pdf#page=25">"Epistemologically Multiple Actor-Centred System: or EMACS at Work!"</a> <span 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080407115446/http://eu.conecta.it/paper/brief_history_open_source.html">A brief history of open-source software</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Timelines_of_computing" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Computing_timelines" title="Category:Computing timelines">Timelines of computing</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_computing" title="Timeline of computing">Computing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_computing_hardware_before_1950" title="Timeline of computing hardware before 1950">Before 1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_computing_1950%E2%80%931979" title="Timeline of computing 1950–1979">1950–1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_computing_1980%E2%80%931989" title="Timeline of computing 1980–1989">1980s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_computing_1990%E2%80%931999" title="Timeline of computing 1990–1999">1990s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_computing_2000%E2%80%932009" title="Timeline of computing 2000–2009">2000s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_computing_2010%E2%80%932019" title="Timeline of computing 2010–2019">2010s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_computing_2020%E2%80%93present" title="Timeline of computing 2020–present">2020s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_scientific_computing" title="Timeline of scientific computing">Scientific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_women_in_computing" title="Timeline of women in computing">Women in computing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">Computer science</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_algorithms" title="Timeline of algorithms">Algorithms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_artificial_intelligence" title="Timeline of artificial intelligence">Artificial intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_binary_prefixes" title="Timeline of binary prefixes">Binary prefixes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_cryptography" title="Timeline of cryptography">Cryptography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_machine_learning" title="Timeline of machine learning">Machine learning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_quantum_computing_and_communication" title="Timeline of quantum computing and communication">Quantum computing and communication</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">Software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Free and open-source software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_hypertext_technology" title="Timeline of hypertext technology">Hypertext technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_operating_systems" title="Timeline of operating systems">Operating systems</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_DOS_operating_systems" title="Timeline of DOS operating systems">DOS family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Microsoft_Windows" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of Microsoft Windows">Windows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_kernel_version_history" title="Linux kernel version history">Linux</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_programming_languages" title="Timeline of programming languages">Programming languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_virtualization_development" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of virtualization development">Virtualization development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_computer_viruses_and_worms" title="Timeline of computer viruses and worms">Malware</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Internet_conflicts" title="Timeline of Internet conflicts">Internet conflicts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_web_browsers" title="Timeline of web browsers">Web browsers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_web_search_engines" title="Timeline of web search engines">Web search engines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Antonelli" title="Kathleen Antonelli">Kathleen Antonelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Vincent_Atanasoff" title="John Vincent Atanasoff">John Vincent Atanasoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Babbage" title="Charles Babbage">Charles Babbage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Backus" title="John Backus">John Backus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Bartik" title="Jean Bartik">Jean Bartik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Boole" title="George Boole">George Boole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vint_Cerf" title="Vint Cerf">Vint Cerf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cocke_(computer_scientist)" title="John Cocke (computer scientist)">John Cocke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Cook" title="Stephen Cook">Stephen Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edsger_W._Dijkstra" title="Edsger W. Dijkstra">Edsger W. Dijkstra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Presper_Eckert" title="J. Presper Eckert">J. Presper Eckert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adele_Goldstine" title="Adele Goldstine">Adele Goldstine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lois_Haibt" title="Lois Haibt">Lois Haibt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Holberton" title="Betty Holberton">Betty Holberton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Hamilton_(software_engineer)" title="Margaret Hamilton (software engineer)">Margaret Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Hopper" title="Grace Hopper">Grace Hopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_A._Huffman" title="David A. Huffman">David A. Huffman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Kahn_(computer_scientist)" title="Robert Kahn (computer scientist)">Bob Kahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Kernighan" title="Brian Kernighan">Brian Kernighan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Koenig_(programmer)" title="Andrew Koenig (programmer)">Andrew Koenig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semyon_Korsakov" title="Semyon Korsakov">Semyon Korsakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Leveson" title="Nancy Leveson">Nancy Leveson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ada_Lovelace" title="Ada Lovelace">Ada Lovelace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Knuth" title="Donald Knuth">Donald Knuth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Kruskal" title="Joseph Kruskal">Joseph Kruskal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_McIlroy" title="Douglas McIlroy">Douglas McIlroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlyn_Meltzer" title="Marlyn Meltzer">Marlyn Meltzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_von_Neumann" title="John von Neumann">John von Neumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kl%C3%A1ra_D%C3%A1n_von_Neumann" title="Klára Dán von Neumann">Klára Dán von Neumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Ritchie" title="Dennis Ritchie">Dennis Ritchie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guido_van_Rossum" title="Guido van Rossum">Guido van Rossum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Shannon" title="Claude Shannon">Claude Shannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Spence" title="Frances Spence">Frances Spence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bjarne_Stroustrup" title="Bjarne Stroustrup">Bjarne Stroustrup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Teitelbaum" title="Ruth Teitelbaum">Ruth Teitelbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Thompson" title="Ken Thompson">Ken Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linus_Torvalds" title="Linus Torvalds">Linus Torvalds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Turing" title="Alan Turing">Alan Turing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Vixie" title="Paul Vixie">Paul Vixie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Wall" title="Larry Wall">Larry Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Wolfram" title="Stephen Wolfram">Stephen Wolfram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niklaus_Wirth" title="Niklaus Wirth">Niklaus Wirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Wozniak" title="Steve Wozniak">Steve Wozniak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Zuse" title="Konrad Zuse">Konrad Zuse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_free_and_open-source_software&oldid=1248396374">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_free_and_open-source_software&oldid=1248396374</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_free_and_open-source_software" title="Category:History of free and open-source software">History of free and open-source software</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Computing_timelines" title="Category:Computing timelines">Computing timelines</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_with_empty_Wikidata_description" title="Category:Short description with empty Wikidata description">Short description with empty Wikidata description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_June_2013" title="Category:Use mdy dates from June 2013">Use mdy dates from June 2013</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 29 September 2024, at 08:08<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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