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role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li 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id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-语法构成" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#语法构成"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>语法构成</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-语法构成-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-特点" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#特点"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>特点</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-特点-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-与成语的区别" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#与成语的区别"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>与成语的区别</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-与成语的区别-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-香港慣用語" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#香港慣用語"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>香港慣用語</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-香港慣用語-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考註釋" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考註釋"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>參考註釋</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考註釋-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">惯用语</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。3种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-3" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">3种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formulaic_language" title="Formulaic language – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Formulaic language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%85%A3%E7%94%A8%E5%8F%A5" title="慣用句 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="慣用句" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%A1n_ng%E1%BB%AF" title="Quán ngữ – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quán ngữ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11073520#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%AF%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E6%83%AF%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E6%83%AF%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E6%83%AF%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E6%83%AF%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E6%83%AF%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E6%83%AF%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E6%83%AF%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E6%83%AF%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E6%83%AF%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E6%83%AF%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> 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id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%AF%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%83%AF%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" 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.ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Disputed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/System-search.svg/45px-System-search.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/System-search.svg/68px-System-search.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/System-search.svg/90px-System-search.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>內容<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%87%86%E7%A1%AE%E6%80%A7%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%AE" title="Wikipedia:准确性争议">疑欠准确</a>，有待查證。</b><span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2009年1月4日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>請在<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E6%83%AF%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD" title="Talk:惯用语">讨论页</a>討論問題所在及加以改善，若此條目仍有爭議及<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%87%86%E7%A1%AE%E6%80%A7%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%AE" title="Wikipedia:准确性争议">准确度</a>欠佳，會被提出<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A0%81%E9%9D%A2%E5%AD%98%E5%BB%A2%E8%A8%8E%E8%AB%96" title="Wikipedia:頁面存廢討論">存廢討論</a>。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:auto"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="短语学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Phraseology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%AD%E8%AF%AD%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="短语学（页面不存在）">短语学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phraseology" class="extiw" title="en:Phraseology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Phraseology</span></a></span>）</span></span></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%86%9F%E8%AF%AD" title="熟语">熟语</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E8%AF%AD" title="成语">成语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%87%E5%BE%8C%E8%AA%9E" title="歇後語">歇後語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%9A%E8%AF%AD" title="谚语">谚语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E8%A8%80" title="格言">格言</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%97%E8%AA%9E" title="俗語">俗語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9A%E8%AA%9E" title="俚語">俚語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E8%AF%9D" title="黑话">黑话</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">慣用語</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;"> 其他类型</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="短语动词" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Phrasel verb"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%AD%E8%AF%AD%E5%8A%A8%E8%AF%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="短语动词（页面不存在）">短语动词</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrasel_verb" class="extiw" title="en:Phrasel verb"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Phrasel verb</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%8D%E8%AF%AD%E6%90%AD%E9%85%8D" title="词语搭配">词语搭配</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%9F%AD%E8%AF%AD%E5%AD%A6" title="Template:短语学"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E7%9F%AD%E8%AF%AD%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:短语学（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%9F%AD%E8%AF%AD%E5%AD%A6" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:短语学"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>惯用语</b>是指各個<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="地區">地區</a>慣常使用的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A3%E8%AF%AD" title="口语">口语</a>，一种短小定型的<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%8D%E6%B1%87" title="词汇">詞匯</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%AD%E5%8F%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="短句">短句</a>，意义或許有所引申，未必可以從<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="標準漢語">標準漢語</a>的字面推断。惯用语的表现力十分强时，可能具有隱藏意義或<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%AC%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="贬义">贬义</a>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="语法构成"><span id=".E8.AF.AD.E6.B3.95.E6.9E.84.E6.88.90"></span>语法构成</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%83%AF%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：语法构成"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>动宾结构：</b></li></ul> <p>惯用语多数的是动宾结构的，即前面是一个动词，后面一个是名词组成的。例如：拍马屁、敲竹杠、泼冷水、耍花招等。 </p> <ul><li><b>偏正结构：</b></li></ul> <p>偏正结构也是惯用语较多的一种形式。例如：替罪羊、耳边风、糊涂虫、绊脚石等。 </p> <ul><li><b>主谓结构：</b></li></ul> <p>主谓（陈述）结构在惯用语中存在不多。例如：天晓得，鬼画符、嘴巴软等。 </p> <ul><li><b>并列结构：</b></li></ul> <p>惯用语中还存在少量并列结构的。如：马大哈、丁是丁卯是卯。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="特点"><span id=".E7.89.B9.E7.82.B9"></span>特点</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%83%AF%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：特点"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>简明生动，通俗易懂，是惯用语的主要特征。惯用语还有一定的灵活性，大多可以拆开嵌入别的成份，有些内部语素可以适当改动，还有可以颠倒语序。 </p><p><b>嵌入别的成分：</b> </p> <ul><li>敲竹杠──敲他的竹杠</li> <li>吃老本──吃惯了老本、吃尽了老本；</li> <li>碰钉子──碰了个大钉子、碰了个小钉子、碰了个软钉子、碰了个臭钉子；</li> <li>摆架子──摆官架子、摆娘娘架子、摆臭架子。</li></ul> <p><b>改动字詞：</b> </p> <ul><li>耳边风──耳旁风；</li> <li>敲竹杠──敲竹棍；</li> <li>泼冷水──浇冷水；</li> <li>拍马屁──拍在马腿上了。</li></ul> <p><b>颠倒语序：</b> </p> <ul><li>耳朵软──软耳朵；</li> <li>走后门──后门不能走、后门走了不少</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="与成语的区别"><span id=".E4.B8.8E.E6.88.90.E8.AF.AD.E7.9A.84.E5.8C.BA.E5.88.AB"></span>与成语的区别</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%83%AF%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：与成语的区别"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>惯用语与<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E8%AF%AD" title="成语">成语</a>具有相似的地方，但它们的区别也很大： </p> <ul><li>成语多为四字格；</li> <li>惯用语口语色彩较浓厚，通俗平易，含义比较单纯，成语则书面语色彩较重，格调典雅，含义丰富；</li> <li>惯用语可以是俗語，或是粗話，可能在感情色彩上有贬义，成语的感情色彩有褒有贬；</li> <li>惯用语的语法构成上大多为动宾结构，其次还有较多的偏正结构，其它结构的很少，成语的语法结构包罗万象；</li> <li>惯用语的定型性较差，成语的定型性较强，内部结构一般不能改动。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="香港慣用語"><span id=".E9.A6.99.E6.B8.AF.E6.85.A3.E7.94.A8.E8.AA.9E"></span>香港慣用語</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%83%AF%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：香港慣用語"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva 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