CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: floor</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: floor"> <meta name="keywords" content="floor"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="floor" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="floor"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 147</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: floor</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">147</span> An Enhanced Floor Estimation Algorithm for Indoor Wireless Localization Systems Using Confidence Interval Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kriangkrai%20Maneerat">Kriangkrai Maneerat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chutima%20Prommak"> Chutima Prommak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Indoor wireless localization systems have played an important role to enhance context-aware services. Determining the position of mobile objects in complex indoor environments, such as those in multi-floor buildings, is very challenging problems. This paper presents an effective floor estimation algorithm, which can accurately determine the floor where mobile objects located. The proposed algorithm is based on the confidence interval of the summation of online Received Signal Strength (RSS) obtained from the IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN).We compare the performance of the proposed algorithm with those of other floor estimation algorithms in literature by conducting a real implementation of WSN in our facility. The experimental results and analysis showed that the proposed floor estimation algorithm outperformed the other algorithms and provided highest percentage of floor accuracy up to 100% with 95-percent confidence interval.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Floor%20estimation%20algorithm" title="Floor estimation algorithm">Floor estimation algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=floor%20determination" title=" floor determination"> floor determination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=multi-floor%20building" title=" multi-floor building"> multi-floor building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=indoor%20wireless%20systems." title=" indoor wireless systems."> indoor wireless systems.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998844/an-enhanced-floor-estimation-algorithm-for-indoor-wireless-localization-systems-using-confidence-interval-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998844/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998844/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998844/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998844/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998844/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998844/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998844/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998844/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998844/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998844/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998844.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3204</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">146</span> Fin Spacing Effect of the Tube Fin Heat Exchanger at the Floor Heating Convector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Lemfeld">F. Lemfeld</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Frana"> K. Frana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article deals with numerical simulation of the floor heating convector in 3D. Numerical simulation is focused on cooling mode of the floor heating convector. Geometrical model represents section of the heat exchanger – two fins with the gap between, pipes are not involved. Two types of fin are examined – sinusoidal and angular shape with different fin spacing. Results of fin spacing in case of constant Reynolds number are presented. For the numerical simulation was used commercial software Ansys Fluent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fin%20spacing" title="fin spacing">fin spacing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cooling%20output" title=" cooling output"> cooling output</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=floor%20heating%20convector" title=" floor heating convector"> floor heating convector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=numerical%20simulation." title=" numerical simulation."> numerical simulation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15138/fin-spacing-effect-of-the-tube-fin-heat-exchanger-at-the-floor-heating-convector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15138/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15138/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15138/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15138/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15138/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15138/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15138/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15138/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15138/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15138/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15138.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1961</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">145</span> Experimental Investigation of Cold-Formed Steel-Timber Board Composite Floor Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Samar%20Raffoul">Samar Raffoul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Martin%20Heywood"> Martin Heywood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dimitrios%20Moutaftsis"> Dimitrios Moutaftsis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Michael%20Rowell"> Michael Rowell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper comprises an experimental investigation into the structural performance of cold formed steel (CFS) and timber board composite floor systems. The tests include a series of small-scale pushout tests and full-scale bending tests carried out using a refined loading system to simulate uniformly distributed constant load. The influence of connection details (screw spacing and adhesives) on floor performance was investigated. The results are then compared to predictions from relevant existing models for composite floor systems. The results of this research demonstrate the significant benefits of considering the composite action of the boards in floor design. Depending on connection detail, an increase in flexural stiffness of up to 40% was observed in the floor system, when compared to designing joists individually.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cold%20formed%20steel%20joists" title="Cold formed steel joists">Cold formed steel joists</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=composite%20action" title=" composite action"> composite action</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=flooring%20systems" title=" flooring systems"> flooring systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=shear%20connection." title=" shear connection. "> shear connection. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010706/experimental-investigation-of-cold-formed-steel-timber-board-composite-floor-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010706/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010706/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010706/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010706/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010706/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010706/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010706/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010706/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010706/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010706/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010706.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">870</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">144</span> Sound Insulation between Buildings: The Impact Noise Transmission through Different Floor Configurations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abdelouahab%20Bouttout">Abdelouahab Bouttout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohamed%20Amara"> Mohamed Amara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present paper examines the impact noise transmission through some floor building assemblies. The Acoubat software numerical simulation has been used to simulate the impact noise transmission through different floor configurations used in Algerian construction mode. The results are compared with the available measurements. We have developed two experimental methods, i) field method, and ii) laboratory method using Brüel and Kjær equipments. The results show that the different cases of floor configurations need some improvement to ensure the acoustic comfort in the receiving apartment. The recommended value of the impact sound level in the receiving room should not exceed 58 dB. The important results obtained in this paper can be used as platform to improve the Algerian building acoustic regulation aimed at the construction of the multi-storey residential building. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Impact%20noise" title="Impact noise">Impact noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=building%20acoustic" title=" building acoustic"> building acoustic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=floor%20insulation" title=" floor insulation"> floor insulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=resilient%20material." title=" resilient material."> resilient material.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003431/sound-insulation-between-buildings-the-impact-noise-transmission-through-different-floor-configurations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003431/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003431/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003431/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003431/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003431/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003431/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003431/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003431/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003431/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003431/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2703</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">143</span> Long-Term Structural Behavior of Resilient Materials for Reduction of Floor Impact Sound</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Y.%20Lee">J. Y. Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Kim"> J. Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20J.%20Chang"> H. J. Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20M.%20Kim"> J. M. Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>People’s tendency towards living in apartment houses is increasing in a densely populated country. However, some residents living in apartment houses are bothered by noise coming from the houses above. In order to reduce noise pollution, the communities are increasingly imposing a bylaw, including the limitation of floor impact sound, minimum thickness of floors, and floor soundproofing solutions. This research effort focused on the specific long-time deflection of resilient materials in the floor sound insulation systems of apartment houses. The experimental program consisted of testing nine floor sound insulation specimens subjected to sustained load for 45 days. Two main parameters were considered in the experimental investigation: three types of resilient materials and magnitudes of loads. The test results indicated that the structural behavior of the floor sound insulation systems under long-time load was quite different from that the systems under short-time load. The loading period increased the deflection of floor sound insulation systems and the increasing rate of the long-time deflection of the systems with ethylene vinyl acetate was smaller than that of the systems with low density ethylene polystyrene.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Resilient%20materials" title="Resilient materials">Resilient materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=floor%20sound%20insulation%20systems" title=" floor sound insulation systems"> floor sound insulation systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=long-time%20deflection" title=" long-time deflection"> long-time deflection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sustained%20load" title=" sustained load"> sustained load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=noise%20pollution." title=" noise pollution."> noise pollution.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998195/long-term-structural-behavior-of-resilient-materials-for-reduction-of-floor-impact-sound" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998195/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998195/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998195/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998195/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998195/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998195/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998195/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998195/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998195/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998195/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998195.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">142</span> Simulation Study on Comparison of Thermal Comfort during Heating with All-Air System and Radiant Floor System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shiyun%20Liu">Shiyun Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Radiant heating systems work fundamentally differently from air systems by taking advantage of both radiant and convective heat transfer to remove space heating load. There are rare studies on differences of heating systems between all-air system and radiant floor system. This paper uses the method of simulation based on state-space to calculate the indoor temperature and wall temperature of each system and shows how the dynamic heat transfer in rooms conditioned by a radiant system is different from an air system. Then this paper analyses the changes of indoor temperature of these two systems, finding out the differences between all-air heating system and radiant floor heating system to help the designer choose a more suitable heating system.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Radiant%20floor" title="Radiant floor">Radiant floor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=all-air%20system" title=" all-air system"> all-air system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermal%20comfort" title=" thermal comfort"> thermal comfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=heating%20system." title=" heating system."> heating system.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010645/simulation-study-on-comparison-of-thermal-comfort-during-heating-with-all-air-system-and-radiant-floor-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010645/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010645/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010645/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010645/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010645/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010645/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010645/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010645/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010645/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010645/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010645.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">778</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">141</span> The Influence of the Fin Set-up to the Cooling Output of the Floor Heating Convector </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Lemfeld">F. Lemfeld</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Frana"> K. Frana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article deals with the numerical simulation of the floor heating convector in 3D. Presented convector can operate in two modes – cooling mode and heating mode. This initial numerical simulation is focused on cooling mode of the convector. Models with different temperature of the fins are compared and three various shapes of the fins are examined as well. The objective of the work is to predict air flow and heat transfer inside convector for further optimalization of these devices. For the numerical simulation was used commercial software Ansys Fluent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cooling%20output" title="Cooling output">Cooling output</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=floor%20heating%20convector" title=" floor heating convector"> floor heating convector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=numericalsimulation" title=" numericalsimulation"> numericalsimulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optimalization." title=" optimalization."> optimalization.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10768/the-influence-of-the-fin-set-up-to-the-cooling-output-of-the-floor-heating-convector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10768/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10768/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10768/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10768/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10768/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10768/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10768/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10768/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10768/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10768/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10768.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1466</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">140</span> Controller Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Motorized Assistance for a Patient Transfer Floor Lift</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Donatien%20Callon">Donatien Callon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ian%20Lalonde"> Ian Lalonde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mathieu%20Nadeau"> Mathieu Nadeau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Alexandre%20Girard"> Alexandre Girard</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Patient transfer is a challenging, critical task because it exposes caregivers to injury risks. Available transfer devices, like floor lifts, lead to improvements but are far from perfect. They do not eliminate the caregivers’ risk of musculoskeletal disorders, and they can be burdensome to use due to their poor maneuverability. This paper presents a motorized floor lift with a single central motorized wheel connected to an instrumented handle. Admittance controllers are designed to 1) improve the device maneuverability, 2) reduce the required caregiver effort, and 3) ensure the security and comfort of patients. Two controller designs, one with a linear admittance law and a non-linear admittance law with variable damping, were developed and implemented on a prototype. Tests were performed on seven participants to evaluate the performance of the assistance system and the controllers. The experimental results show that 1) the motorized assistance with the variable damping controller improves maneuverability by 28%, 2) reduces the amount of effort required to push the lift by 66% and 3) provides the same level of patient comfort compared to a standard unassisted floor lift. </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Floor%20lift" title="Floor lift">Floor lift</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=human%20robot%20interaction" title=" human robot interaction"> human robot interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=admittance%0D%0Acontroller" title=" admittance controller"> admittance controller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=variable%20admittance." title=" variable admittance."> variable admittance.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013830/controller-design-and-experimental-evaluation-of-a-motorized-assistance-for-a-patient-transfer-floor-lift" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013830/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013830/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013830/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013830/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013830/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013830/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013830/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013830/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013830/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013830/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013830.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">53</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">139</span> Experimental Study on the Floor Vibration Evaluation of Concrete Slab for Existing Buildings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yong-Taeg%20Lee">Yong-Taeg Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jun-Ho%20Na"> Jun-Ho Na</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Seung-Hun%20Kim"> Seung-Hun Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Seong-Uk%20Hong"> Seong-Uk Hong </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Damages from noise and vibration are increasing every year, most of which are noises between floors in deteriorated building caused by floor impact sound. In this study, the concrete slab measured vibration impact sound for evaluation floor vibration of deteriorated buildings that fails to satisfy with the minimum thickness. In this experimental study, the vibration scale by impact sound was calibrated and compared with ISO and AIJ standard for vibration. The results show that vibration in slab with thickness used in existing building reach human perception levels.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vibration" title="Vibration">Vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Frequency" title=" Frequency"> Frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Accelerometer" title=" Accelerometer"> Accelerometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Concrete%20slab." title=" Concrete slab."> Concrete slab.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998393/experimental-study-on-the-floor-vibration-evaluation-of-concrete-slab-for-existing-buildings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998393/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998393/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998393/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998393/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998393/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998393/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998393/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998393/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998393/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998393/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998393.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3884</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">138</span> Soil-Cement Floor Produced with Alum Water Treatment Residues</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Flavio%20Araujo">Flavio Araujo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Paulo%20Scalize"> Paulo Scalize</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Julio%20Lima"> Julio Lima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Natalia%20Vieira"> Natalia Vieira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Antonio%20Albuquerque"> Antonio Albuquerque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Isabela%20Santos"> Isabela Santos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> From a concern regarding the environmental impacts caused by the disposal of residues generated in Water Treatment Plants (WTP's), alternatives ways have been studied to use these residues as raw material for manufacture of building materials, avoiding their discharge on water streams, disposal on sanitary landfills or incineration. This paper aims to present the results of a research work, which is using WTR for replacing the soil content in the manufacturing of soil-cement floor with proportions of 0, 5, 10 and 15%. The samples tests showed a reduction mechanical strength in so far as has increased the amount of waste. The water absorption was below the maximum of 6% required by the standard. The application of WTR contributes to the reduction of the environmental damage in the water treatment industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Residue" title="Residue">Residue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil-cement%20floor" title=" soil-cement floor"> soil-cement floor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sustainable" title=" sustainable"> sustainable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=WTP." title=" WTP."> WTP.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005228/soil-cement-floor-produced-with-alum-water-treatment-residues" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005228/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005228/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005228/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005228/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005228/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005228/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005228/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005228/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005228/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005228/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005228.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">137</span> Fundamental Natural Frequency of Chromite Composite Floor System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Farhad%20Abbas%20Gandomkar">Farhad Abbas Gandomkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mona%20Danesh"> Mona Danesh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper aims to determine Fundamental Natural Frequency (FNF) of a structural composite floor system known as Chromite. To achieve this purpose, FNFs of studied panels are determined by development of Finite Element Models (FEMs) in ABAQUS program. American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) code in Steel Design Guide Series 11 presents a fundamental formula to calculate FNF of a steel framed floor system. This formula has been used to verify results of the FEMs. The variability in the FNF of the studied system under various parameters such as dimensions of floor, boundary conditions, rigidity of main and secondary beams around the floor, thickness of concrete slab, height of composite joists, distance between composite joists, thickness of top and bottom flanges of the open web steel joists, and adding tie beam perpendicular on the composite joists, is determined. The results show that changing in dimensions of the system, its boundary conditions, rigidity of main beam, and also adding tie beam, significant changes the FNF of the system up to 452.9%, 50.8%, - 52.2%, %52.6%, respectively. In addition, increasing thickness of concrete slab increases the FNF of the system up to 10.8%. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that variation in rigidity of secondary beam, height of composite joist, and distance between composite joists, and thickness of top and bottom flanges of open web steel joists insignificant changes the FNF of the studied system up to -0.02%, -3%, -6.1%, and 0.96%, respectively. Finally, the results of this study help designer predict occurrence of resonance, comfortableness, and design criteria of the studied system.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fundamental%20natural%20frequency" title="Fundamental natural frequency">Fundamental natural frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=chromite%20composite%0D%0Afloor%20system" title=" chromite composite floor system"> chromite composite floor system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=low%20and%20high%20frequency%20floors" title=" low and high frequency floors"> low and high frequency floors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=comfortableness" title=" comfortableness"> comfortableness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=resonance." title=" resonance."> resonance.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002612/fundamental-natural-frequency-of-chromite-composite-floor-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002612/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002612/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002612/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002612/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002612/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002612/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002612/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002612/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002612/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002612/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002612.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">136</span> Designing a Single-Floor Structure for the Control Room of a Petroleum Refinery and Assessing the Resistance of Such a Structure against Gas Explosion Load</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Amin%20Lotfi%20Eghlim">Amin Lotfi Eghlim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mehran%20pourgholi"> Mehran pourgholi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Explosion occurs due to sudden release of energy. Common examples of explosion include chemical, atomic, heat, and pressure tank (due to ignition) explosions. Petroleum, gas, and petrochemical industries operations are threatened by natural risks and processes. Fires and explosions are the greatest process risks which cause financial damages. This study aims at designing a single-floor structure for the control room of a petroleum refinery to be resistant against gas explosion loads, and the information related to the structure specifications have been provided regarding the fact that the structure is made on the ground's surface. In this research, the lateral stiffness of single pile is calculated by SPPLN.FOR computer program, and its value for 13624 KN/m single pile has been assessed. The analysis used due to the loading conditions, is dynamic nonlinear analysis with direct integration method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gas%20Explosion%20Load" title="Gas Explosion Load">Gas Explosion Load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Petroleum%20Refinery" title=" Petroleum Refinery"> Petroleum Refinery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Single-Floor%20Structure" title=" Single-Floor Structure"> Single-Floor Structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6301/designing-a-single-floor-structure-for-the-control-room-of-a-petroleum-refinery-and-assessing-the-resistance-of-such-a-structure-against-gas-explosion-load" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6301/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6301/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6301/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6301/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6301/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6301/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6301/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6301/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6301/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6301/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6301.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">135</span> Energy Saving Potential with Improved Concrete in Ice Rink Floor Designs </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ehsan%20B.%20Haghighi">Ehsan B. Haghighi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pavel%20Makhnatch"> Pavel Makhnatch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J%C3%B6rgen%20Rogstam"> Jörgen Rogstam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The ice rink floor is the largest heat exchanger in an ice rink. The important part of the floor consists of concrete, and the thermophysical properties of this concrete have strong influence on the energy usage of the ice rink. The thermal conductivity of concrete can be increased by using iron ore as ballast. In this study, the Transient Plane Source (TPS) method showed an increase up to 58.2% of thermal conductivity comparing the improved concrete to standard concrete. Moreover, two alternative ice rink floor designs are suggested to incorporate the improved concrete. A 2D simulation was developed to investigate the temperature distribution in the conventional and the suggested designs. The results show that the suggested designs reduce the temperature difference between the ice surface and the brine by 1-4˚C, when comparing with convectional designs at equal heat flux. This primarily leads to an increased coefficient of performance (COP) in the primary refrigeration cycle and secondly to a decrease in the secondary refrigerant pumping power. The suggested designs have great potential to reduce the energy usage of ice rinks. Depending on the load scenario in the ice rink, the saving potential lies in the range of 3-10% of the refrigeration system energy usage. This calculation is based on steady state conditions and the potential with improved dynamic behavior is expected to increase the potential saving.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Concrete" title="Concrete">Concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=iron%20ore" title=" iron ore"> iron ore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ice%20rink" title=" ice rink"> ice rink</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=energy%20saving." title=" energy saving. "> energy saving. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998437/energy-saving-potential-with-improved-concrete-in-ice-rink-floor-designs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998437/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998437/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998437/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998437/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998437/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998437/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998437/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998437/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998437/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998437/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998437.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3089</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">134</span> The Physiological Impacts of Genital Weightlifting Conditioning: Exploring Iron Crotch Practice for Enhanced Sexual Function, Premature Ejaculation, Penile Dysfunction, Impotence, Hormonal Balance, and Prostate Health</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Ardil">C. Ardil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This study explores "Iron Crotch Kung Fu," a unique practice involving genital weightlifting. While the practice has historical significance, its potential health benefits, particularly in sexual function and overall well-being, remain largely anecdotal. To bridge the gap between tradition and modern science, this study proposes a modified Iron Crotch training program integrating principles from Pelvic Floor Muscle Training (PFMT). This integrated approach offers a safer and more effective pathway to harness the potential benefits of Iron Crotch, including enhanced sexual function, improved pelvic floor health, and increased core strength. The study delves into the historical context, technical methodologies, and potential physiological impacts of Iron Crotch, while highlighting the importance of careful practice under expert guidance. By integrating historical context, practical techniques, and scientific insights, this study aims to provide a balanced perspective on Iron Crotch and its potential role in modern health and wellness practices.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Iron%20Crotch" title="Iron Crotch">Iron Crotch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=iron%20crotch%20kung%20fu" title=" iron crotch kung fu"> iron crotch kung fu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Diao%20Gung" title=" Diao Gung"> Diao Gung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=genital%20weightlifting" title=" genital weightlifting"> genital weightlifting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=back%20pain" title=" back pain"> back pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=erectile%20dysfunction" title=" erectile dysfunction"> erectile dysfunction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=exercise" title=" exercise"> exercise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=exercise%20therapy" title=" exercise therapy"> exercise therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=female%20athletes" title=" female athletes"> female athletes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=hormonal%20balance" title=" hormonal balance"> hormonal balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=hypertonicity" title=" hypertonicity"> hypertonicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=martial%20arts" title=" martial arts"> martial arts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=meta-analysis" title=" meta-analysis"> meta-analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=overactivity" title=" overactivity"> overactivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pelvic%20floor" title=" pelvic floor"> pelvic floor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pelvic%20floor%20disorders" title=" pelvic floor disorders"> pelvic floor disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pelvic%20floor%20muscle%20dysfunction" title=" pelvic floor muscle dysfunction"> pelvic floor muscle dysfunction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pelvic%20floor%20muscle%20training" title=" pelvic floor muscle training"> pelvic floor muscle training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pelvic%20floor%20physical%20therapy" title=" pelvic floor physical therapy"> pelvic floor physical therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=penile%20dysfunction" title=" penile dysfunction"> penile dysfunction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=physical%20health" title=" physical health"> physical health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=physical%20medicine" title=" physical medicine"> physical medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=physiotherapy" title=" physiotherapy"> physiotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=premature%20ejaculation" title=" premature ejaculation"> premature ejaculation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=prostate%20health" title=" prostate health"> prostate health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=provoked%20vestibulodynia" title=" provoked vestibulodynia"> provoked vestibulodynia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=resistance%20training" title=" resistance training"> resistance training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sexual%20dysfunction" title=" sexual dysfunction"> sexual dysfunction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sexual%20health" title=" sexual health"> sexual health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sexual%20medicine" title=" sexual medicine"> sexual medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sexual%20orientation" title=" sexual orientation"> sexual orientation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=systematic%20review" title=" systematic review"> systematic review</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=traditional%20health%20practices" title=" traditional health practices"> traditional health practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=urinary%20incontinence" title=" urinary incontinence"> urinary incontinence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=urodynamics" title=" urodynamics"> urodynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=vaginismus" title=" vaginismus"> vaginismus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=vestibulodynia" title=" vestibulodynia"> vestibulodynia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=women%E2%80%99s%20health" title=" women’s health"> women’s health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PFMT" title=" PFMT"> PFMT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013879/the-physiological-impacts-of-genital-weightlifting-conditioning-exploring-iron-crotch-practice-for-enhanced-sexual-function-premature-ejaculation-penile-dysfunction-impotence-hormonal-balance-and-prostate-health" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013879/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013879/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013879/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013879/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013879/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013879/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013879/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013879/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013879/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013879/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013879.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">38</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">133</span> Optimal Design of Reference Node Placement for Wireless Indoor Positioning Systems in Multi-Floor Building</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kittipob%20Kondee">Kittipob Kondee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chutima%20Prommak"> Chutima Prommak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, we propose an optimization technique that can be used to optimize the placements of reference nodes and improve the location determination performance for the multi-floor building. The proposed technique is based on Simulated Annealing algorithm (SA) and is called MSMR-M. The performance study in this work is based on simulation. We compare other node-placement techniques found in the literature with the optimal node-placement solutions obtained from our optimization. The results show that using the optimal node-placement obtained by our proposed technique can improve the positioning error distances up to 20% better than those of the other techniques. The proposed technique can provide an average error distance within 1.42 meters.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Indoor%20positioning%20System" title="Indoor positioning System">Indoor positioning System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Optimization%20System%0D%0Adesign" title=" Optimization System design"> Optimization System design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Multi-Floor%20Building" title=" Multi-Floor Building"> Multi-Floor Building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wireless%20Sensor%20Networks." title=" Wireless Sensor Networks."> Wireless Sensor Networks.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998851/optimal-design-of-reference-node-placement-for-wireless-indoor-positioning-systems-in-multi-floor-building" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998851/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998851/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998851/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998851/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998851/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998851/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998851/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998851/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998851/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998851/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998851.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1983</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">132</span> A Quantitative Analysis of GSM Air Interface Based on Radiating Columns and Prediction Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20M.%20Doraiswamy">K. M. Doraiswamy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lakshminarayana%20Merugu"> Lakshminarayana Merugu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20C.%20Jinaga"> B. C. Jinaga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explains the cause of nonlinearity in floor attenuation hither to left unexplained. The performance degradation occurring in air interface for GSM signals is quantitatively analysed using the concept of Radiating Columns of buildings. The signal levels were measured using Wireless Network Optimising Drive Test Tool (E6474A of Agilent Technologies). The measurements were taken in reflected signal environment under usual fading conditions on actual GSM signals radiated from base stations. A mathematical model is derived from the measurements to predict the GSM signal levels in different floors. It was applied on three buildings and found that the predicted signal levels deviated from the measured levels with in +/- 2 dB for all floors. It is more accurate than the prediction models based on Floor Attenuation Factor. It can be used for planning proper indoor coverage in multi storey buildings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=GSM%20air%20interface" title="GSM air interface">GSM air interface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nonlinear%20attenuation" title=" nonlinear attenuation"> nonlinear attenuation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=multistory%0Abuilding" title=" multistory building"> multistory building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=radiating%20columns" title=" radiating columns"> radiating columns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ground%20conduction%20and%20floor%20attenuation%0Afactor." title=" ground conduction and floor attenuation factor."> ground conduction and floor attenuation factor.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1152/a-quantitative-analysis-of-gsm-air-interface-based-on-radiating-columns-and-prediction-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1152/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1152/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1152/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1152/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1152/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1152/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1152/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1152/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1152/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1152/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1152.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1572</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">131</span> Efficacy of Biofeedback-Assisted Pelvic Floor Muscle Training on Postoperative Stress Urinary Incontinence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Asmaa%20M.%20El-Bandrawy">Asmaa M. El-Bandrawy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Afaf%20M.%20Botla"> Afaf M. Botla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ghada%20E.%20El-Refaye"> Ghada E. El-Refaye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hassan%20O.%20Ghareeb"> Hassan O. Ghareeb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Background: Urinary incontinence is a common problem among adults. Its incidence increases with age and it is more frequent in women. Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is the first-line therapy in the treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) either alone or combined with biofeedback-assisted PFMT. The aim of the work: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of biofeedback-assisted PFMT in postoperative stress urinary incontinence. Settings and Design: A single blind controlled trial design was. Methods and Material: This study was carried out in 30 volunteer patients diagnosed as severe degree of stress urinary incontinence and they were admitted to surgical treatment. They were divided randomly into two equal groups: (Group A) consisted of 15 patients who had been treated with post-operative biofeedback-assisted PFMT and home exercise program (Group B) consisted of 15 patients who had been treated with home exercise program only. Assessment of all patients in both groups (A) and (B) was carried out before and after the treatment program by measuring intra-vaginal pressure in addition to the visual analog scale. Results: At the end of the treatment program, there was a highly statistically significant difference between group (A) and group (B) in the intra-vaginal pressure and the visual analog scale favoring the group (A). Conclusion: biofeedback-assisted PFMT is an effective method for the symptomatic relief of post-operative female stress urinary incontinence.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Stress%20urinary%20incontinence" title="Stress urinary incontinence">Stress urinary incontinence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pelvic%20floor%20muscles" title=" pelvic floor muscles"> pelvic floor muscles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pelvic%20floor%20exercises" title=" pelvic floor exercises"> pelvic floor exercises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=biofeedback." title=" biofeedback."> biofeedback.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004668/efficacy-of-biofeedback-assisted-pelvic-floor-muscle-training-on-postoperative-stress-urinary-incontinence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004668/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004668/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004668/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004668/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004668/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004668/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004668/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004668/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004668/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004668/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004668.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1419</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">130</span> Development of a Bacterial Resistant Concrete for Use in Low Cost Kitchen Floors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20S.%20Mahlangu">S. S. Mahlangu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20K.%20K.%20%20Mbaya"> R. K. K. Mbaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20D.%20Delport"> D. D. Delport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20Van.%20Zyl"> H. Van. Zyl </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The degrading effect due to bacterial growth on the structural integrity of concrete floor surfaces is predictable; this consequently cause development of surface micro cracks in which organisms penetrate through resulting in surface spalling. Hence, the need to develop mix design meeting the requirement of floor surfaces exposed to aggressive agent to improve certain material properties with good workability, extended lifespan and low cost is essential. In this work, tests were performed to examine the microbial activity on kitchen floor surfaces and the effect of adding admixtures. The biochemical test shows the existence of microorganisms (<em>E.coli, Streptococcus</em>) on newly casted structure. Of up to 6% porosity was reduced and improvement on structural integrity was observed upon adding mineral admixtures from the concrete mortar. The SEM result after 84 days of curing specimens, shows that chemical admixtures have significant role to enable retard bacterial penetration and good quality structure is achieved.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Admixture" title="Admixture">Admixture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=organisms" title=" organisms"> organisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=porosity%20and%20strength." title=" porosity and strength. "> porosity and strength. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996560/development-of-a-bacterial-resistant-concrete-for-use-in-low-cost-kitchen-floors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996560/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996560/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996560/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996560/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996560/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996560/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996560/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996560/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996560/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996560/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996560.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2712</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">129</span> Acoustic and Thermal Insulating Materials Based On Natural Fibres Used in Floor Construction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Hroudova">J. Hroudova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Zach"> J. Zach</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The majority of contemporary insulation materials commonly used in the building industry is made from non-renewable raw materials; furthermore, their production often brings high energy costs. A long-term trend as far as sustainable development is concerned has been the reduction of energy and material demands of building material production. One of the solutions is the possibility of using easily renewable natural raw material sources which are considerably more ecological and their production is mostly less energy-consuming compared to the production of normal insulations (mineral wool, polystyrene). The paper describes the results of research focused on the development of thermal and acoustic insulation materials based on natural fibres intended for floor constructions. Given the characteristic open porosity of natural fibre materials, the hygrothermal behaviour of the developed materials was studied. Especially the influence of relative humidity and temperature on thermal insulation properties was observed.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Green%20thermal%20and%20acoustic%20insulating%20materials" title="Green thermal and acoustic insulating materials">Green thermal and acoustic insulating materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=natural%20fibres" title=" natural fibres"> natural fibres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=technical%20hemp" title=" technical hemp"> technical hemp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=flax" title=" flax"> flax</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=floor%20construction." title=" floor construction."> floor construction.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999717/acoustic-and-thermal-insulating-materials-based-on-natural-fibres-used-in-floor-construction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999717/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999717/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999717/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999717/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999717/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999717/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999717/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999717/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999717/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999717/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999717.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">128</span> Response Spectrum Transformation for Seismic Qualification Testing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nouredine%20Bourahla">Nouredine Bourahla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Farid%20Bouriche"> Farid Bouriche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yacine%20Benghalia"> Yacine Benghalia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Seismic qualification testing for equipments to be mounted on upper storeys of buildings is very demanding in terms of floor spectra. The latter is characterized by high accelerations amplitudes within a narrow frequency band. This article presents a method which permits to cover specified required response spectra beyond the shaking table capability by amplifying the acceleration amplitudes at an appropriate frequency range using a physical intermediate mounted on the platform of the shaker. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=floor%20spectra" title="floor spectra">floor spectra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=response%20spectrum" title=" response spectrum"> response spectrum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=seismicqualification%20testing" title=" seismicqualification testing"> seismicqualification testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=shaking%20table" title=" shaking table"> shaking table</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4927/response-spectrum-transformation-for-seismic-qualification-testing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4927/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4927/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4927/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4927/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4927/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4927/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4927/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4927/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4927/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4927/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4927.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1839</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">127</span> Study on the Design of Supermarket Store Layouts: The Principle of “Sales Magnet“</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Masao%20Ohta">Masao Ohta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yoshiyuki%20Higuchi"> Yoshiyuki Higuchi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study analyses store layout among the many factors that underlie supermarket store design, this; in terms of what to display in a shop and where to place the items. This report examines newly-opened stores and evaluates their interior shop floor layouts, which we then attempt to categorize by various styles. We then consider the interaction between shop floor layout and customer behavior from the perspective of the supermarket as the seller. At this point, we focus on the “store magnets"–the main sections within the shop likely to attract customers into the store. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Supermarket%20Store%20Layout" title="Supermarket Store Layout">Supermarket Store Layout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sales%20magnet" title=" Sales magnet"> Sales magnet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Customer%0ACirculation%20Rate" title=" Customer Circulation Rate"> Customer Circulation Rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Section%20Drop-by%20Rates." title=" Section Drop-by Rates."> Section Drop-by Rates.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2256/study-on-the-design-of-supermarket-store-layouts-the-principle-of-sales-magnet" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2256/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2256/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2256/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2256/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2256/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2256/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2256/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2256/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2256/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2256/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2256.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">19881</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">126</span> A Middleware Management System with Supporting Holonic Modules for Reconfigurable Management System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Roscoe%20McLean">Roscoe McLean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jared%20Padayachee"> Jared Padayachee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Glen%20Bright"> Glen Bright</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is currently a gap in the technology covering the rapid establishment of control after a reconfiguration in a Reconfigurable Manufacturing System. This gap involves the detection of the factory floor state and the communication link between the factory floor and the high-level software. In this paper, a thin, hardware-supported Middleware Management System (MMS) is proposed and its design and implementation are discussed. The research found that a cost-effective localization technique can be combined with intelligent software to speed up the ramp-up of a reconfigured system. The MMS makes the process more intelligent, more efficient and less time-consuming, thus supporting the industrial implementation of the RMS paradigm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Intelligent%20systems" title="Intelligent systems">Intelligent systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=middleware" title=" middleware"> middleware</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=reconfigurable%0D%0Amanufacturing." title=" reconfigurable manufacturing."> reconfigurable manufacturing.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002236/a-middleware-management-system-with-supporting-holonic-modules-for-reconfigurable-management-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002236/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002236/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002236/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002236/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002236/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002236/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002236/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002236/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002236/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002236/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002236.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1608</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">125</span> Behaviour of Base-Isolated Structures with High Initial Isolator Stiffness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ajay%20Sharma">Ajay Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.S.%20Jangid"> R.S. Jangid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Analytical seismic response of multi-story building supported on base isolation system is investigated under real earthquake motion. The superstructure is idealized as a shear type flexible building with lateral degree-of-freedom at each floor. The force-deformation behaviour of the isolation system is modelled by the bi-linear behaviour which can be effectively used to model all isolation systems in practice. The governing equations of motion of the isolated structural system are derived. The response of the system is obtained numerically by step-by-method under three real recorded earthquake motions and pulse motions associated in the near-fault earthquake motion. The variation of the top floor acceleration, interstory drift, base shear and bearing displacement of the isolated building is studied under different initial stiffness of the bi-linear isolation system. It was observed that the high initial stiffness of the isolation system excites higher modes in base-isolated structure and generate floor accelerations and story drift. Such behaviour of the base-isolated building especially supported on sliding type of isolation systems can be detrimental to sensitive equipment installed in the building. On the other hand, the bearing displacement and base shear found to reduce marginally with the increase of the initial stiffness of the initial stiffness of the isolation system. Further, the above behaviour of the base-isolated building was observed for different parameters of the bearing (i.e. post-yield stiffness and characteristic strength) and earthquake motions (i.e. real time history as well as pulse type motion). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=base%20isolation" title="base isolation">base isolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=base%20shear" title=" base shear"> base shear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=bi-linear" title=" bi-linear"> bi-linear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=earthquake" title=" earthquake"> earthquake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=floor%20accelerations" title="floor accelerations">floor accelerations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=inter-story%20drift" title=" inter-story drift"> inter-story drift</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=multi-story%20building" title=" multi-story building"> multi-story building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pulsemotion" title=" pulsemotion"> pulsemotion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=stiffness%20ratio." title=" stiffness ratio."> stiffness ratio.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2088/behaviour-of-base-isolated-structures-with-high-initial-isolator-stiffness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2088/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2088/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2088/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2088/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2088/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2088/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2088/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2088/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2088/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2088/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2088.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">124</span> The Impact of Alumina Cement on Properties of Portland Cement Slurries and Mortars</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Krzysztof%20Zieli%C5%84ski">Krzysztof Zieliński</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dariusz%20Kierzek"> Dariusz Kierzek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The addition of a small amount of alumina cement to Portland cement results in immediate setting, a rapid increase in the compressive strength and a clear increase of the adhesion to concrete substrate. This phenomenon is used, among others, for the production of liquid floor self-levelling compounds. Alumina cement is several times more expensive than Portland cement and is a component having a significant impact on prices of products manufactured with its use. For the production of liquid floor self-levelling compounds, low-alumina cement containing approximately 40% Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3 </sub>is normally used. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of Portland cement with the addition of alumina cement on the basic physical and mechanical properties of cement slurries and mortars. CEM I 42.5R and three types of alumina cement containing 40%, 50% and 70% of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> were used for the tests. Mixes containing 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% and 12% of different varieties of alumina cement were prepared; for which, the time of initial and final setting, compressive and flexural strength and adhesion to concrete substrate were determined. The analysis of the obtained test results showed that a similar immediate setting effect and clearly better adhesion strength can be obtained using the addition of 6% of high-alumina cement than 12% of low-alumina cement. As the prices of these cements are similar, this can give significant financial savings in the production of liquid floor self-levelling compounds.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Alumina%20cement" title="Alumina cement">Alumina cement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=immediate%20setting" title=" immediate setting"> immediate setting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=compression%20strength" title=" compression strength"> compression strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=adhesion%20to%20substrate." title=" adhesion to substrate. "> adhesion to substrate. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012103/the-impact-of-alumina-cement-on-properties-of-portland-cement-slurries-and-mortars" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012103/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012103/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012103/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012103/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012103/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012103/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012103/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012103/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012103/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012103/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012103.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">655</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">123</span> IEEE 802.11 b and g WLAN Propagation Model using Power Density Measurements at ESPOL</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20E.%20Mantilla">E. E. Mantilla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20R.%20Reyes"> C. R. Reyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20G.%20Ramos"> B. G. Ramos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes the development of a WLAN propagation model, using Spectral Analyzer measurements. The signal is generated by two Access Points (APs) on the base floor at the administrative Communication School of ESPOL building. In general, users do not have a Q&S reference about a wireless network; however, this depends on the level signal as a function of frequency, distance and other path conditions between receiver and transmitter. Then, power density of the signal decrease as it propagates through space and data transfer rate is affected. This document evaluates and implements empirical mathematical formulation for the characterization of WLAN radio wave propagation on two aisles of the building base floor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=frequency" title="frequency">frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Spectral%20Analyzer" title=" Spectral Analyzer"> Spectral Analyzer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=transmitter" title=" transmitter"> transmitter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=WLAN." title=" WLAN."> WLAN.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6188/ieee-80211-b-and-g-wlan-propagation-model-using-power-density-measurements-at-espol" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6188/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6188/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6188/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6188/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6188/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6188/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6188/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6188/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6188/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6188/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6188.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2011</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">122</span> Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Eimeria in Sheep of Punjab, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.N.%20Khan">M.N. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Rehman"> T. Rehman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Z%20Iqbal"> Z Iqbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.S%20Sajid"> M.S Sajid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M%20Ahmad"> M Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M%20Riaz"> M Riaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence, species characterization and associated risk factors with Eimeria (E.) in sheep of district Toba Tek Singh from April, 2009 to March, 2010. Of the total 486 faecal samples examined for Eimeria, 209 (43%) were found infected with five species of Eimeria. Amongst the identified species of Eimeria, E. ovinoidalis was the commonest one (48.32%), followed in order by E. ahsata, E. intricata, E. parva and E. faurei with prevalence of 45.45, 28.71, 24.40 and 19.14 percent respectively. Peak prevalence was observed in August. Wet season (rainy and post-rainy) was found to be favourable for Eimeria infection. Lambs had significantly higher prevalence (P < 0.05) of Eimeria than adults. Similarly higher prevalence of Eimeria was observed in female as compared to male. Among management and husbandry practices; watering system, housing system, floor type and herd size strongly influenced the prevalence of Eimeria. Coccidiosis was more prevalent in closed housing system, non-cemented floor type, pond watered animals and larger herds (P < 0.05) as compared to open housing system, partially cemented floor type, tap watered animals and smaller herds respectively. Feeding system, breed and body condition of animals were not found as risk factors (P>0.05) influencing prevalence of Eimeria.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Eimeria" title="Eimeria">Eimeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pakistan%20prevalence" title=" Pakistan prevalence"> Pakistan prevalence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sheep." title=" sheep."> sheep.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12987/prevalence-and-associated-risk-factors-of-eimeria-in-sheep-of-punjab-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12987/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12987/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12987/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12987/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12987/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12987/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12987/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12987/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12987/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12987/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12987.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2576</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">121</span> Influence of Shading on a BIPV System’s Performance in an Urban Context: Case Study of BIPV Systems of the Science Center of Complexity Building of the National and Autonomous University of Mexico in Mexico City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Viridiana%20Edith%20Ardura%20Perea">Viridiana Edith Ardura Perea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Luis%20Berm%C3%BAdez%20Alcocer"> José Luis Bermúdez Alcocer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The purpose of this paper is to establish the influence of shading on a Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) system´s performance in an urban context. The PV systems of the Science Center of Complexity (Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad) Building based in the Main Campus of the National and Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) in Mexico City was taken as case study.  The PV systems are placed on the rooftop and on the south façade of the building.  The south-façade PV system, operating as sunshades, consists of two strings:  one at the ground floor and the other one at the first floor.  According to the building’s facility manager, the south-façade PV system generates 42% less electricity per kilowatt peak (kWp) installed than the one on the roof.  The methods applied in this study were Solar Radiation Analysis (SRA) simulations performed with the Insight 360 Plug-in from Revit 2018<sup>®</sup> and an on-site measurement using specialized tools.  The results of the SRA simulations showed that the shading casted by the PV system placed on the first floor on top of the PV system of the ground floor decreases its solar incident radiation over 50%.  The simulation outcome was compared and validated to the measured data obtained from the on-site measurement.  In conclusion, the loss factor achieved from the shading of the PVs is due to the surroundings and the PV system´s own design.  The south-façade BIPV system’s deficient design generates critical losses on its performance and decreases its profitability.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Building%20integrated%20photovoltaics%20%28BIPV%29%20design" title="Building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) design">Building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=energy%20analysis%20software" title=" energy analysis software"> energy analysis software</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=shading%20losses" title=" shading losses"> shading losses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=solar%20radiation%20analysis." title=" solar radiation analysis."> solar radiation analysis.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008903/influence-of-shading-on-a-bipv-systems-performance-in-an-urban-context-case-study-of-bipv-systems-of-the-science-center-of-complexity-building-of-the-national-and-autonomous-university-of-mexico-in-mexico-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008903/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008903/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008903/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008903/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008903/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008903/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008903/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008903/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008903/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008903/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008903.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1493</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">120</span> A New Floating Point Implementation of Base 2 Logarithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahmed%20M.%20Mansour">Ahmed M. Mansour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ali%20M.%20El-Sawy"> Ali M. El-Sawy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahmed%20T%20Sayed"> Ahmed T Sayed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Logarithms reduce products to sums and powers to products; they play an important role in signal processing, communication and information theory. They are primarily used for hardware calculations, handling multiplications, divisions, powers, and roots effectively. There are three commonly used bases for logarithms; the logarithm with base-10 is called the common logarithm, the natural logarithm with base-e and the binary logarithm with base-2. This paper demonstrates different methods of calculation for log2 showing the complexity of each and finds out the most accurate and efficient besides giving insights to their hardware design. We present a new method called Floor Shift for fast calculation of log2, and then we combine this algorithm with Taylor series to improve the accuracy of the output, we illustrate that by using two examples. We finally compare the algorithms and conclude with our remarks.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Logarithms" title="Logarithms">Logarithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=log2" title=" log2"> log2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=floor" title=" floor"> floor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=iterative" title=" iterative"> iterative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CORDIC" title=" CORDIC"> CORDIC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Taylor%20series." title=" Taylor series."> Taylor series.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999600/a-new-floating-point-implementation-of-base-2-logarithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999600/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999600/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999600/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999600/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999600/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999600/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999600/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999600/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999600/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999600/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999600.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3822</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">119</span> Estimation of the Park-Ang Damage Index for Floating Column Building with Infill Wall</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Susanta%20Banerjee">Susanta Banerjee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sanjaya%20Kumar%20Patro"> Sanjaya Kumar Patro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Buildings with floating column are highly undesirable built in seismically active areas. Many urban multi-storey buildings today have floating column buildings which are adopted to accommodate parking at ground floor or reception lobbies in the first storey. The earthquake forces developed at different floor levels in a building need to be brought down along the height to the ground by the shortest path; any deviation or discontinuity in this load transfer path results in poor performance of the building. Floating column buildings are severely damaged during earthquake. Damage on this structure can be reduce by taking the effect of infill wall. This paper presents the effect of stiffness of infill wall to the damage occurred in floating column building when ground shakes. Modelling and analysis are carried out by non linear analysis programme IDARC-2D. Damage occurred in beams, columns, storey are studied by formulating modified Park & Ang model to evaluate damage indices. Overall structural damage indices in buildings due to shaking of ground are also obtained. Dynamic response parameters i.e. lateral floor displacement, storey drift, time period, base shear of buildings are obtained and results are compared with the ordinary moment resisting frame buildings. Formation of cracks, yield, plastic hinge, are also observed during analysis.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Floating%20column" title="Floating column">Floating column</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Infill%20Wall" title=" Infill Wall"> Infill Wall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Park-Ang%20Damage%20Index" title=" Park-Ang Damage Index"> Park-Ang Damage Index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Damage%20State." title=" Damage State."> Damage State.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999112/estimation-of-the-park-ang-damage-index-for-floating-column-building-with-infill-wall" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999112/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999112/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999112/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999112/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999112/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999112/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999112/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999112/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999112/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999112/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999112.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">118</span> An Agent-Based Scheduling Framework for Flexible Manufacturing Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Iman%20Badr">Iman Badr</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The concept of flexible manufacturing is highly appealing in gaining a competitive edge in the market by quickly adapting to the changing customer needs. Scheduling jobs on flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs) is a challenging task of managing the available flexibility on the shop floor to react to the dynamics of the environment in real-time. In this paper, an agent-oriented scheduling framework that can be integrated with a real or a simulated FMS is proposed. This framework works in stochastic environments with a dynamic model of job arrival. It supports a hierarchical cooperative scheduling that builds on the available flexibility of the shop floor. Testing the framework on a model of a real FMS showed the capability of the proposed approach to overcome the drawbacks of the conventional approaches and maintain a near optimal solution despite the dynamics of the operational environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Autonomous%20agents" title="Autonomous agents">Autonomous agents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Flexible%20manufacturing%20systems%28FMS%29" title=" Flexible manufacturing systems(FMS)"> Flexible manufacturing systems(FMS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Manufacturing%20scheduling" title=" Manufacturing scheduling"> Manufacturing scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Real-time%20systems." title=" Real-time systems."> Real-time systems.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2311/an-agent-based-scheduling-framework-for-flexible-manufacturing-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2311/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2311/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2311/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2311/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2311/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2311/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2311/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2311/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2311/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2311/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2311.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1819</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=floor&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=floor&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=floor&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=floor&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=floor&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>