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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American judge (born 1946)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Ronald M. Gould</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ronald_M._Gould_(Judge)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Ronald_M._Gould_%28Judge%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Ronald_M._Gould_%28Judge%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="273" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Ronald_M._Gould_%28Judge%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Ronald_M._Gould_%28Judge%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Ronald_M._Gould_%28Judge%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Ronald_M._Gould_%28Judge%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="524" data-file-height="651" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Gould in 2013</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />November 22, 1999</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Appointed by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Bill_Clinton" title="List of federal judges appointed by Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Beezer" title="Robert Beezer">Robert Beezer</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Ronald Murray Gould</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1946-10-17</span>) </span>October 17, 1946<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 78)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania" title="University of Pennsylvania">University of Pennsylvania</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">BS</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan_Law_School" title="University of Michigan Law School">University of Michigan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">JD</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ronald Murray Gould</b> (born October 17, 1946) is an American lawyer and jurist serving as a <a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_judge" title="United States federal judge">U.S. circuit judge</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit</a> since 1999. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronald_M._Gould&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gould was born in 1946 in <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a>. He graduated from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania" title="University of Pennsylvania">University of Pennsylvania</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">Bachelor of Science</a>. He attended the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan_Law_School" title="University of Michigan Law School">University of Michigan Law School</a>, graduating in 1973 with a <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">Juris Doctor</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_career">Legal career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronald_M._Gould&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Legal career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After graduating from law school, Gould <a href="/wiki/Law_clerk" title="Law clerk">clerked</a> for Judge <a href="/wiki/Wade_H._McCree" title="Wade H. McCree">Wade H. McCree</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit</a> from 1973 to 1974 and for Justice <a href="/wiki/Potter_Stewart" title="Potter Stewart">Potter Stewart</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Supreme Court">U.S. Supreme Court</a> from 1974 to 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-fjc.gov_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fjc.gov-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gould was in private practice for <a href="/wiki/Perkins_Coie" title="Perkins Coie">Perkins Coie</a> in <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_(U.S._state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington (U.S. state)">Washington</a> from 1975 to 1999 and served as an <a href="/wiki/Adjunct_professor" title="Adjunct professor">adjunct professor</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington_Law_School" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Washington Law School">University of Washington Law School</a> from 1986 to 1989. He was a partner at <a href="/wiki/Perkins_Coie" title="Perkins Coie">Perkins Coie</a> at the time of his appeals court nomination. He also was president of the Washington State Bar Association.<sup id="cite_ref-fjc.gov_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fjc.gov-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Federal_judicial_service">Federal judicial service</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronald_M._Gould&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Federal judicial service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gould was nominated by <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> for a seat vacated by Judge <a href="/wiki/Robert_Beezer" title="Robert Beezer">Robert Beezer</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit</a> on January 26, 1999. He was confirmed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> on November 17, 1999, in a voice vote and received his commission on November 22, 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-fjc.gov_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fjc.gov-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_cases">Notable cases</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronald_M._Gould&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notable cases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On July 13, 2013, Gould dissented from a denial of <i><a href="/wiki/En_banc" title="En banc">en banc</a></i> rehearing when the Ninth Circuit upheld a ban on <a href="/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a>'s protest against shell drilling. Gould, who was joined by Pregerson, Reinhardt, Wardlaw, Fletcher, and Milan Smith, saw this as a violation of First Amendment rights, writing "The panel majority's contrary conclusion will undermine the freedom of an organization to "stimulate [its] audience with spontaneous and emotional appeals for unity and action in a common cause."" <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On August 23, 2019, Gould was one of three judges to rule that a prisoner with <a href="/wiki/Gender_dysphoria" title="Gender dysphoria">gender dysphoria</a> had a right to sex reassignment surgery under the <a href="/wiki/Eighth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Eighth Amendment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Judge <a href="/wiki/Margaret_McKeown" class="mw-redirect" title="Margaret McKeown">Margaret McKeown</a> and district judge <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lasnik" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Lasnik">Robert Lasnik</a>, sitting by designation, joined the opinion. The full <a href="/wiki/Ninth_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Ninth Circuit">Ninth Circuit</a> refused to rehear the case en banc, although eight judges, all Republican appointees, dissented from the denial of rehearing.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On September 6, 2022, Gould wrote the 9th Circuit decision upholding Washington's ban on <a href="/wiki/Conversion_therapy" title="Conversion therapy">conversion therapy</a> for minors.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Supreme Court denied <i>certiorari</i> on December 11, 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On October 30, 2023, Gould revived a lawsuit over an Arizona abortion law banning abortions of fetuses with "fetal abnormalities". Although <a href="/wiki/Roe_v._Wade" title="Roe v. Wade">Roe v. Wade</a> has been overturned, the healthcare providers' lawsuit focused on both the vagueness of the law (forcing them to err on the side of not providing abortions) and economic loss from not being able to perform abortions. <sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 13, 2023, Gould was in a 7-4 majority that temporarily blocked Idaho's abortion ban due to its lack of exceptions for medical emergencies. <sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 5, 2024, the Supreme Court said it would take up the case and dissolved the 9th circuit's temporary injunction. <sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronald_M._Gould&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While still in private practice, Gould was diagnosed with <a href="/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis" title="Multiple sclerosis">multiple sclerosis</a>. During his time on the bench, he lost the use of his arms and legs; he now relies on a wheelchair for mobility, and with the aid of other technologies and of assistants and clerks is able to "get a good result in the work I'm doing."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gould is <a href="/wiki/Jewish" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish">Jewish</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronald_M._Gould&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jewish_American_jurists" title="List of Jewish American jurists">List of Jewish American jurists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_clerks_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States_(Seat_8)" title="List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 8)">List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 8)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronald_M._Gould&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-fjc.gov-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fjc.gov_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fjc.gov_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fjc.gov_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/gould-ronald-murray">"Gould, Ronald Murray – Federal Judicial Center"</a>. <i>www.fjc.gov</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fjc.gov&rft.atitle=Gould%2C+Ronald+Murray+%E2%80%93+Federal+Judicial+Center&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fjc.gov%2Fhistory%2Fjudges%2Fgould-ronald-murray&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARonald+M.+Gould" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2013/07/10/12-35332.pdf">https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2013/07/10/12-35332.pdf</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this PDF document is required to prevent link rot. (March 2022)">bare URL PDF</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2019/08/23/19-35017.pdf">http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2019/08/23/19-35017.pdf</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this PDF document is required to prevent link rot. (March 2022)">bare URL PDF</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2020/02/10/19-35017.pdf">http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2020/02/10/19-35017.pdf</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this PDF document is required to prevent link rot. (March 2022)">bare URL PDF</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2022/09/06/21-35815.pdf">"BRIANTINGLEY, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. ROBERT W. FERGUSON"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>ca9.uscourts.gov</i>. September 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 21,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ca9.uscourts.gov&rft.atitle=BRIANTINGLEY%2C+Plaintiff-Appellant%2C+v.+ROBERT+W.+FERGUSON&rft.date=2022-09-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.ca9.uscourts.gov%2Fdatastore%2Fopinions%2F2022%2F09%2F06%2F21-35815.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARonald+M.+Gould" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vox.com/scotus/2023/12/11/23889129/supreme-court-conversion-therapy-washington-lgbtq-tingley-ferguson">"The Supreme Court hands down a small but unexpected victory for LGBTQ people"</a>. <i>Vox</i>. December 11, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 21,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vox&rft.atitle=The+Supreme+Court+hands+down+a+small+but+unexpected+victory+for+LGBTQ+people&rft.date=2023-12-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vox.com%2Fscotus%2F2023%2F12%2F11%2F23889129%2Fsupreme-court-conversion-therapy-washington-lgbtq-tingley-ferguson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARonald+M.+Gould" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/legal/providers-can-sue-over-arizona-ban-abortion-genetic-anomalies-court-2023-10-30">"Providers can sue over Arizona ban on abortion for genetic anomalies -court"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. October 30, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 1,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Providers+can+sue+over+Arizona+ban+on+abortion+for+genetic+anomalies+-court&rft.date=2023-10-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Flegal%2Fproviders-can-sue-over-arizona-ban-abortion-genetic-anomalies-court-2023-10-30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARonald+M.+Gould" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2023/10/30/23-15234.pdf">"Isaacson v. Mayes"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>ca9.uscourts.gov</i>. October 30, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 1,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ca9.uscourts.gov&rft.atitle=Isaacson+v.+Mayes&rft.date=2023-10-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.ca9.uscourts.gov%2Fdatastore%2Fopinions%2F2023%2F10%2F30%2F23-15234.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARonald+M.+Gould" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotusblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/20231120154722276_2023-11-20-Motion-with-Appendix-copy.pdf">"UNITED STATES OF AMERICA vs. STATE OF IDAHO"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>SCOTUSBlog</i>. November 13, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 18,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SCOTUSBlog&rft.atitle=UNITED+STATES+OF+AMERICA+vs.+STATE+OF+IDAHO&rft.date=2023-11-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotusblog.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2023%2F11%2F20231120154722276_2023-11-20-Motion-with-Appendix-copy.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARonald+M.+Gould" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/6552689/supreme-court-idaho-abortion-ban-pending-hearing/">"Supreme Court Allows Idaho to Enforce Its Strict Abortion Ban, Even in Medical Emergencies"</a>. <i>Time</i>. January 6, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 18,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Supreme+Court+Allows+Idaho+to+Enforce+Its+Strict+Abortion+Ban%2C+Even+in+Medical+Emergencies&rft.date=2024-01-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F6552689%2Fsupreme-court-idaho-abortion-ban-pending-hearing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARonald+M.+Gould" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_Courts2013" class="citation cs2">United States Courts (November 26, 2013), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IDHupwtp5KQ"><i>Pathways to the Bench: U.S. Court of Appeals Judge Ronald M. Gould</i></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/IDHupwtp5KQ">archived</a> from the original on December 22, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 15,</span> 2017</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pathways+to+the+Bench%3A+U.S.+Court+of+Appeals+Judge+Ronald+M.+Gould&rft.date=2013-11-26&rft.au=United+States+Courts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DIDHupwtp5KQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARonald+M.+Gould" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fedbar.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Judge-Gould-pdf-1.pdf"><i>Judicial Profile</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Judicial+Profile&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fedbar.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F10%2FJudge-Gould-pdf-1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARonald+M.+Gould" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronald_M._Gould&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391066">Ronald M. Gould</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_Federal_Judges" title="Biographical Directory of Federal Judges">Biographical Directory of Federal Judges</a></i>, a publication of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Judicial_Center" title="Federal Judicial Center">Federal Judicial Center</a>.</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #DDCEF2;">Legal offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Beezer" title="Robert Beezer">Robert Beezer</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <span class="nowrap">Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit</a></span> </b><br />1999–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Incumbent</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Judges_of_the_United_States_courts_of_appeals" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th 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id="Judges_of_the_United_States_courts_of_appeals" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Judges of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_courts_of_appeals" title="United States courts of appeals">United States courts of appeals</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_circuit_judges" title="List of current United States circuit judges">Full list</a> · Names in <b>bold</b> represent current <a href="/wiki/Chief_judge_(United_States)" title="Chief judge (United States)">chief judges</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_First_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit">1st Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/David_J._Barron" title="David J. Barron">Barron</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Gelp%C3%AD" title="Gustavo Gelpí">Gelpí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lara_Montecalvo" title="Lara Montecalvo">Montecalvo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Rikelman" title="Julie Rikelman">Rikelman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth_Aframe" title="Seth Aframe">Aframe</a></li> <li><i>1 seat vacant</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Levin_H._Campbell" title="Levin H. Campbell">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_M._Selya" title="Bruce M. Selya">Selya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Lynch" title="Sandra Lynch">Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kermit_Lipez" title="Kermit Lipez">Lipez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_R._Howard" title="Jeffrey R. Howard">Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O._Rogeriee_Thompson" title="O. Rogeriee Thompson">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Kayatta_Jr." title="William J. Kayatta Jr.">Kayatta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Second_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit">2nd Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Debra_Ann_Livingston" title="Debra Ann Livingston">Livingston</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Lohier" title="Raymond Lohier">Lohier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_J._Sullivan" title="Richard J. Sullivan">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Bianco" title="Joseph F. Bianco">Bianco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_H._Park" title="Michael H. Park">Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Nardini" title="William J. Nardini">Nardini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Menashi" title="Steven Menashi">Menashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunice_C._Lee" title="Eunice C. Lee">Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Robinson" title="Beth Robinson">Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrna_P%C3%A9rez" title="Myrna Pérez">Pérez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alison_Nathan" title="Alison Nathan">Nathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_A._L._Merriam" title="Sarah A. L. Merriam">Merriam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Ara%C3%BAjo_Kahn" title="Maria Araújo Kahn">Kahn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jon_O._Newman" title="Jon O. Newman">Newman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amalya_Lyle_Kearse" class="mw-redirect" title="Amalya Lyle Kearse">Kearse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Walker_Jr." title="John M. Walker Jr.">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Jacobs" title="Dennis Jacobs">Jacobs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_N._Leval" title="Pierre N. Leval">Leval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guido_Calabresi" title="Guido Calabresi">Calabresi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_A._Cabranes" title="José A. Cabranes">Cabranes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_D._Sack" title="Robert D. Sack">Sack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrington_D._Parker_Jr." title="Barrington D. Parker Jr.">Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reena_Raggi" title="Reena Raggi">Raggi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_C._Wesley" title="Richard C. Wesley">Wesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_E._Lynch" title="Gerard E. Lynch">Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denny_Chin" title="Denny Chin">Chin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_L._Carney" title="Susan L. Carney">Carney</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Third_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit">3rd Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Michael_Chagares" title="Michael Chagares">Chagares</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent_A._Jordan" title="Kent A. Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hardiman" title="Thomas Hardiman">Hardiman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patty_Shwartz" title="Patty Shwartz">Shwartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheryl_Ann_Krause" title="Cheryl Ann Krause">Krause</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Felipe_Restrepo" title="L. Felipe Restrepo">Restrepo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephanos_Bibas" title="Stephanos Bibas">Bibas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_J._Porter_(judge)" title="David J. Porter (judge)">Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Matey" title="Paul Matey">Matey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_J._Phipps" title="Peter J. Phipps">Phipps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arianna_J._Freeman" title="Arianna J. Freeman">Freeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamika_Montgomery-Reeves" title="Tamika Montgomery-Reeves">Montgomery-Reeves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cindy_K._Chung" title="Cindy K. Chung">Chung</a></li> <li><i>1 seat vacant</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_King_Stapleton" title="Walter King Stapleton">Stapleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Joseph_Scirica" title="Anthony Joseph Scirica">Scirica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Cowen" title="Robert Cowen">Cowen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Lowell_Nygaard" title="Richard Lowell Nygaard">Nygaard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Richards_Roth" title="Jane Richards Roth">Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_McKee" title="Theodore McKee">McKee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Rendell" title="Marjorie Rendell">Rendell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_L._Ambro" title="Thomas L. Ambro">Ambro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julio_M._Fuentes" title="Julio M. Fuentes">Fuentes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._Brooks_Smith" title="D. Brooks Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._Michael_Fisher" title="D. Michael Fisher">Fisher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fourth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit">4th Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Albert_Diaz_(judge)" title="Albert Diaz (judge)">Diaz</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Harvie_Wilkinson_III" title="J. Harvie Wilkinson III">Wilkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_V._Niemeyer" title="Paul V. Niemeyer">Niemeyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bruce_King" title="Robert Bruce King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Gregory" title="Roger Gregory">Gregory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Steven_Agee" title="G. Steven Agee">Agee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Andrew_Wynn" title="James Andrew Wynn">Wynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Thacker" title="Stephanie Thacker">Thacker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamela_Harris_(judge)" title="Pamela Harris (judge)">Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_N._Richardson" title="Julius N. Richardson">Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Marvin_Quattlebaum_Jr." title="A. Marvin Quattlebaum Jr.">Quattlebaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allison_Jones_Rushing" title="Allison Jones Rushing">Rushing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toby_J._Heytens" title="Toby J. Heytens">Heytens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeAndrea_G._Benjamin" title="DeAndrea G. Benjamin">Benjamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Berner" title="Nicole Berner">Berner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Gribbon_Motz" title="Diana Gribbon Motz">Motz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Byrd_Traxler_Jr." title="William Byrd Traxler Jr.">Traxler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Milano_Keenan" title="Barbara Milano Keenan">Keenan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_F._Floyd" title="Henry F. Floyd">Floyd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fifth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit">5th Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Walker_Elrod" title="Jennifer Walker Elrod">Elrod</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Jones" title="Edith Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Edwin_Smith" title="Jerry Edwin Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_E._Stewart" title="Carl E. Stewart">Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priscilla_Richman" title="Priscilla Richman">Richman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_H._Southwick" title="Leslie H. Southwick">Southwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catharina_Haynes" title="Catharina Haynes">Haynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_E._Graves_Jr." title="James E. Graves Jr.">Graves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_A._Higginson" title="Stephen A. Higginson">Higginson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Willett" title="Don Willett">Willett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_C._Ho" title="James C. Ho">Ho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyle_Duncan_(judge)" title="Kyle Duncan (judge)">Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_D._Engelhardt" title="Kurt D. Engelhardt">Engelhardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Oldham" title="Andrew Oldham">Oldham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cory_T._Wilson" title="Cory T. Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dana_Douglas" title="Dana Douglas">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irma_Carrillo_Ramirez" title="Irma Carrillo Ramirez">Ramirez</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carolyn_Dineen_King" title="Carolyn Dineen King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._Grady_Jolly" title="E. Grady Jolly">Jolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Higginbotham" title="Patrick Higginbotham">Higginbotham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Eugene_Davis" title="W. Eugene Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Duh%C3%A9_Jr." title="John M. Duhé Jr.">Duhé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_L._Wiener_Jr." title="Jacques L. Wiener Jr.">Wiener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhesa_Barksdale" title="Rhesa Barksdale">Barksdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_L._Dennis" title="James L. Dennis">Dennis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Brown_Clement" title="Edith Brown Clement">Clement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">6th Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Sutton" title="Jeffrey Sutton">Sutton</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Nelson_Moore" title="Karen Nelson Moore">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_L._Clay" title="Eric L. Clay">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Allen_Griffin" title="Richard Allen Griffin">Griffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Kethledge" title="Raymond Kethledge">Kethledge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Branstetter_Stranch" title="Jane Branstetter Stranch">Stranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amul_Thapar" title="Amul Thapar">Thapar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_K._Bush" title="John K. Bush">Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Larsen" title="Joan Larsen">Larsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nalbandian" title="John Nalbandian">Nalbandian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad_Readler" title="Chad Readler">Readler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_E._Murphy" title="Eric E. Murphy">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_D._Davis" title="Stephanie D. Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Mathis" title="Andre Mathis">Mathis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Bloomekatz" title="Rachel Bloomekatz">Bloomekatz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_G._Ritz" title="Kevin G. Ritz">Ritz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_B._Guy_Jr." title="Ralph B. Guy Jr.">Guy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_L._Ryan" title="James L. Ryan">Ryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Julian_Boggs" title="Danny Julian Boggs">Boggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Eugene_Norris" title="Alan Eugene Norris">Norris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Fred_Suhrheinrich" title="Richard Fred Suhrheinrich">Suhrheinrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Edward_Siler_Jr." title="Eugene Edward Siler Jr.">Siler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_M._Batchelder" title="Alice M. Batchelder">Batchelder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Craig_Daughtrey" title="Martha Craig Daughtrey">Daughtrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._Guy_Cole_Jr." title="R. Guy Cole Jr.">Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Lee_Gilman" title="Ronald Lee Gilman">Gilman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Smith_Gibbons" title="Julia Smith Gibbons">Gibbons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Rogers" title="John M. Rogers">Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deborah_L._Cook" title="Deborah L. Cook">Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_McKeague" title="David McKeague">McKeague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helene_White" title="Helene White">White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Seventh_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit">7th Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Diane_S._Sykes" title="Diane S. Sykes">Sykes</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Easterbrook" title="Frank Easterbrook">Easterbrook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_B._Brennan" title="Michael B. Brennan">Brennan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Y._Scudder" title="Michael Y. Scudder">Scudder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_St._Eve" title="Amy St. Eve">St. Eve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Kirsch" title="Thomas Kirsch">Kirsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candace_Jackson-Akiwumi" title="Candace Jackson-Akiwumi">Jackson-Akiwumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Z._Lee" title="John Z. Lee">Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doris_Pryor" title="Doris Pryor">Pryor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_P._Kolar" title="Joshua P. Kolar">Kolar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_L._Maldonado" title="Nancy L. Maldonado">Maldonado</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Bauer" title="William J. Bauer">Bauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Flaum" title="Joel Flaum">Flaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Francis_Ripple" title="Kenneth Francis Ripple">Ripple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilana_Rovner" title="Ilana Rovner">Rovner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hamilton_(judge)" title="David Hamilton (judge)">Hamilton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eighth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit">8th Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Steven_Colloton" title="Steven Colloton">Colloton</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Loken" title="James B. Loken">Loken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavenski_Smith" title="Lavenski Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Gruender" title="Raymond Gruender">Gruender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duane_Benton" title="Duane Benton">Benton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Shepherd" title="Bobby Shepherd">Shepherd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_L._Kelly" title="Jane L. Kelly">Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_R._Erickson" title="Ralph R. Erickson">Erickson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Steven_Grasz" title="L. Steven Grasz">Grasz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Stras" title="David Stras">Stras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_A._Kobes" title="Jonathan A. Kobes">Kobes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pasco_Bowman_II" title="Pasco Bowman II">Bowman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Leland_Wollman" title="Roger Leland Wollman">Wollman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Arlen_Beam" title="C. Arlen Beam">Beam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_R._Hansen" title="David R. Hansen">Hansen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morris_S._Arnold" title="Morris S. Arnold">Arnold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Joseph_Melloy" title="Michael Joseph Melloy">Melloy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">9th Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Mary_H._Murguia" title="Mary H. Murguia">Murguia</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_McLane_Wardlaw" title="Kim McLane Wardlaw">Wardlaw</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gould</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnnie_B._Rawlinson" title="Johnnie B. Rawlinson">Rawlinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consuelo_Callahan" title="Consuelo Callahan">Callahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milan_Smith" title="Milan Smith">M. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Segal_Ikuta" title="Sandra Segal Ikuta">Ikuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Christen" title="Morgan Christen">Christen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Nguyen" title="Jacqueline Nguyen">Nguyen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Owens" title="John B. Owens">Owens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Friedland" title="Michelle Friedland">Friedland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_J._Bennett" title="Mark J. Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_D._Nelson" title="Ryan D. Nelson">R. Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_D._Miller" title="Eric D. Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridget_S._Bade" title="Bridget S. Bade">Bade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_P._Collins" title="Daniel P. Collins">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_K._Lee" title="Kenneth K. Lee">Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bress" title="Daniel Bress">Bress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danielle_J._Forrest" title="Danielle J. Forrest">Forrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_J._Bumatay" title="Patrick J. Bumatay">Bumatay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_VanDyke" title="Lawrence VanDyke">VanDyke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Koh" title="Lucy Koh">Koh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Sung" title="Jennifer Sung">Sung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_P._Sanchez" title="Gabriel P. Sanchez">Sanchez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holly_A._Thomas" title="Holly A. Thomas">H. Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Mendoza_Jr." title="Salvador Mendoza Jr.">Mendoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roopali_Desai" title="Roopali Desai">Desai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Johnstone" title="Anthony Johnstone">Johnstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ana_de_Alba" title="Ana de Alba">de Alba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J._Clifford_Wallace" title="J. Clifford Wallace">Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_M._Schroeder" title="Mary M. Schroeder">Schroeder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Wright_Nelson" title="Dorothy Wright Nelson">D. Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Canby" title="William Canby">Canby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diarmuid_O%27Scannlain" title="Diarmuid O'Scannlain">O'Scannlain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_S._Trott" title="Stephen S. Trott">Trott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Fernandez" title="Ferdinand Fernandez">Fernandez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Kleinfeld" title="Andrew Kleinfeld">Kleinfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Daly_Hawkins" title="Michael Daly Hawkins">Hawkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Wallace_Tashima" title="A. Wallace Tashima">Tashima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_R._Thomas" title="Sidney R. Thomas">S. Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_G._Silverman" title="Barry G. Silverman">Silverman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_P._Graber" title="Susan P. Graber">Graber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Margaret_McKeown" title="M. Margaret McKeown">McKeown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Fletcher" title="William A. Fletcher">Fletcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Paez" title="Richard Paez">Paez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsha_Berzon" title="Marsha Berzon">Berzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_C._Tallman" title="Richard C. Tallman">Tallman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Clifton" title="Richard Clifton">Clifton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Bybee" title="Jay Bybee">Bybee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Bea" title="Carlos Bea">Bea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._Randy_Smith" title="N. Randy Smith">N. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_D._Hurwitz" title="Andrew D. Hurwitz">Hurwitz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Tenth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit">10th Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Holmes" title="Jerome Holmes">Holmes</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harris_Hartz" title="Harris Hartz">Hartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Tymkovich" title="Timothy Tymkovich">Tymkovich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Matheson_Jr." title="Scott Matheson Jr.">Matheson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Bacharach" title="Robert E. Bacharach">Bacharach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_A._Phillips" title="Gregory A. Phillips">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolyn_B._McHugh" title="Carolyn B. McHugh">McHugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Moritz" title="Nancy Moritz">Moritz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allison_H._Eid" title="Allison H. Eid">Eid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_M._Carson_III" title="Joel M. Carson III">Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veronica_S._Rossman" title="Veronica S. Rossman">Rossman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Federico" title="Richard Federico">Federico</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Kulp_Seymour" title="Stephanie Kulp Seymour">Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Carbone_Porfilio" title="John Carbone Porfilio">Porfilio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_H._Anderson" title="Stephen H. Anderson">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Baldock" title="Bobby Baldock">Baldock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wade_Brorby" title="Wade Brorby">Brorby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_M._Ebel" title="David M. Ebel">Ebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Joseph_Kelly_Jr." title="Paul Joseph Kelly Jr.">Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Beck_Briscoe" title="Mary Beck Briscoe">Briscoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_F._Lucero" title="Carlos F. Lucero">Lucero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_R._Murphy" title="Michael R. Murphy">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrence_L._O%27Brien" title="Terrence L. O'Brien">O'Brien</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit">11th Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/William_H._Pryor_Jr." title="William H. Pryor Jr.">W. Pryor</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Wilson_(judge)" title="Charles R. Wilson (judge)">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adalberto_Jordan" title="Adalberto Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_S._Rosenbaum" title="Robin S. Rosenbaum">Rosenbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jill_A._Pryor" title="Jill A. Pryor">J. Pryor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Newsom" title="Kevin Newsom">Newsom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_L._Branch" title="Elizabeth L. Branch">Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britt_Grant" title="Britt Grant">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Luck" title="Robert J. Luck">Luck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Lagoa" title="Barbara Lagoa">Lagoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_L._Brasher" title="Andrew L. Brasher">Brasher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Abudu" title="Nancy Abudu">Abudu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embry_Kidd" title="Embry Kidd">Kidd</a> (Designate)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Bard_Tjoflat" title="Gerald Bard Tjoflat">Tjoflat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._Lanier_Anderson_III" title="R. Lanier Anderson III">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Larry_Edmondson" title="James Larry Edmondson">Edmondson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Fredrick_Dubina" title="Joel Fredrick Dubina">Dubina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_H._Black" title="Susan H. Black">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Earl_Carnes" title="Edward Earl Carnes">E. Carnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_M._Hull" title="Frank M. Hull">Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Marcus_(judge)" title="Stanley Marcus (judge)">Marcus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_E._Carnes" title="Julie E. Carnes">J. Carnes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_District_of_Columbia_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit">D.C. Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Sri_Srinivasan" title="Sri Srinivasan">Srinivasan</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_L._Henderson" title="Karen L. Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Millett" title="Patricia Millett">Millett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelia_Pillard" title="Cornelia Pillard">Pillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Wilkins" title="Robert L. Wilkins">Wilkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_G._Katsas" title="Gregory G. Katsas">Katsas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neomi_Rao" title="Neomi Rao">Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_R._Walker" title="Justin R. Walker">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Michelle_Childs" title="J. Michelle Childs">Childs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Y._Pan" title="Florence Y. Pan">Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brad_Garcia" title="Brad Garcia">Garcia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harry_T._Edwards" title="Harry T. Edwards">Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_H._Ginsburg" title="Douglas H. Ginsburg">Ginsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_B._Sentelle" title="David B. Sentelle">Sentelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Raymond_Randolph" title="A. Raymond Randolph">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_W._Rogers" title="Judith W. Rogers">Rogers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Federal_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit">Federal Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Kimberly_A._Moore" title="Kimberly A. Moore">Moore</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Newman" title="Pauline Newman">Newman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_David_Lourie" title="Alan David Lourie">Lourie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_B._Dyk" title="Timothy B. Dyk">Dyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharon_Prost" title="Sharon Prost">Prost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmie_V._Reyna" title="Jimmie V. Reyna">Reyna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_G._Taranto" title="Richard G. Taranto">Taranto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_T._Chen" title="Raymond T. Chen">Chen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_M._Hughes" title="Todd M. Hughes">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kara_Farnandez_Stoll" title="Kara Farnandez Stoll">Stoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffany_P._Cunningham" title="Tiffany P. Cunningham">Cunningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_P._Stark" title="Leonard P. Stark">Stark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haldane_Robert_Mayer" title="Haldane Robert Mayer">Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Jay_Plager" title="S. Jay Plager">Plager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_C._Clevenger" title="Raymond C. Clevenger">Clevenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Anthony_Schall" title="Alvin Anthony Schall">Schall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Curtis_Bryson" title="William Curtis Bryson">Bryson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linn" title="Richard Linn">Linn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evan_Wallach" title="Evan Wallach">Wallach</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7365076#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" 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