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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ahawath_Chesed" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ahawath_Chesed"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Ahawath Chesed </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ahawath_Chesed-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Establishment_and_early_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Establishment_and_early_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.1 Establishment and early years </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Establishment_and_early_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Development_of_Lexington_Avenue_synagogue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Development_of_Lexington_Avenue_synagogue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.2 Development of Lexington Avenue synagogue </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Development_of_Lexington_Avenue_synagogue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Late_19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.3 Late 19th century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late_19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Merger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Merger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 Merger </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Merger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Combined_congregation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Combined_congregation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Combined congregation </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Combined_congregation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Combined congregation subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Combined_congregation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1900_to_1924" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1900_to_1924"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 1900 to 1924 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1900_to_1924-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Moses_leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moses_leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1.1 Moses leadership </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moses_leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Krass_leadership_and_Free_Synagogue_merger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Krass_leadership_and_Free_Synagogue_merger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1.2 Krass leadership and Free Synagogue merger </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Krass_leadership_and_Free_Synagogue_merger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1925_to_1959:_Jonah_Wise_leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1925_to_1959:_Jonah_Wise_leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 1925 to 1959: Jonah Wise leadership </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1925_to_1959:_Jonah_Wise_leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Before_and_during_World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Before_and_during_World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.1 Before and during World War II </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Before_and_during_World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.2 After World War II </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1959_to_1991" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1959_to_1991"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 1959 to 1991 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1959_to_1991-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Seligson_leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seligson_leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.1 Seligson leadership </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seligson_leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zimmerman_and_Davids_leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zimmerman_and_Davids_leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.2 Zimmerman and Davids leadership </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zimmerman_and_Davids_leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1991_to_2013:_Rubinstein_leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1991_to_2013:_Rubinstein_leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 1991 to 2013: Rubinstein leadership </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1991_to_2013:_Rubinstein_leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1990s_restorations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1990s_restorations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4.1 1990s restorations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1990s_restorations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000s_and_early_2010s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000s_and_early_2010s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4.2 2000s and early 2010s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000s_and_early_2010s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2014_to_present:_Buchdahl_leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2014_to_present:_Buchdahl_leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 2014 to present: Buchdahl leadership </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2014_to_present:_Buchdahl_leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Building" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Building"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Building </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Building-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Building subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Building-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Exterior" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exterior"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Exterior </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exterior-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Facade" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Facade"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.1 Facade </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Facade-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roof" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roof"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.2 Roof </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roof-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interior" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interior"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Interior </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interior-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vestibule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vestibule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.1 Vestibule </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vestibule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sanctuary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sanctuary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.2 Sanctuary </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sanctuary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_spaces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_spaces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.3 Other spaces </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_spaces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commentary_and_landmark_designations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commentary_and_landmark_designations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Commentary and landmark designations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commentary_and_landmark_designations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clergy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clergy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Clergy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clergy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Services_and_programs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Services_and_programs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Services and programs </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Services_and_programs-sublist" class="cdx-button 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data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)" title="Central Synagogue (Manhattan) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Central Synagogue (Manhattan)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinagoga_centrale_di_New_York" title="Sinagoga centrale di New York – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sinagoga centrale di New York" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B2%D9%89_(%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%86)" title="الكنيس المركزى (مانهاتن) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الكنيس المركزى (مانهاتن)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synagoga_Centralna_w_Nowym_Jorku" title="Synagoga Centralna w Nowym Jorku – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Synagoga Centralna w Nowym Jorku" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Synagogue" title="Central Synagogue – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Central Synagogue" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkez_Sinagog" title="Merkez Sinagog – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Merkez Sinagog" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C-%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%92%D7%90%D7%92%D7%A2" title="צענטראל-סינאגאגע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="צענטראל-סינאגאגע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E4%BC%9A%E5%A0%82" title="中央会堂 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="中央会堂" 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coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&params=40.7596_N_73.9705_W_region:US-NY_type:landmark">40°45′35″N 73°58′14″W / 40.7596°N 73.9705°W / 40.7596; -73.9705</a></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. Click here for more information."><img alt="This is a good article. Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Reform synagogue in Manhattan, New York</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For similarly named synagogues, see <a href="/wiki/Central_Synagogue_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Central Synagogue (disambiguation)">Central Synagogue</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #87CEFA">Central Synagogue</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Central_Synagogue,_Lexington_Avenue_NYC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The synagogue's main facade on Lexington Avenue as seen in 2023" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Central_Synagogue%2C_Lexington_Avenue_NYC.jpg/310px-Central_Synagogue%2C_Lexington_Avenue_NYC.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="385" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Central_Synagogue%2C_Lexington_Avenue_NYC.jpg/465px-Central_Synagogue%2C_Lexington_Avenue_NYC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Central_Synagogue%2C_Lexington_Avenue_NYC.jpg/620px-Central_Synagogue%2C_Lexington_Avenue_NYC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2900" data-file-height="3600" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">The synagogue on <a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue" title="Lexington Avenue">Lexington Avenue</a>, in 2023</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #87CEFA">Religion</th></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_religions_and_spiritual_traditions" title="List of religions and spiritual traditions">Affiliation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Reform_Judaism" title="Reform Judaism">Reform Judaism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_polity" title="Ecclesiastical polity">Ecclesiastical or organisational status</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Synagogue</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Leadership</th><td class="infobox-data">Clergy: <div><ul><li>Rabbi/Cantor <a href="/wiki/Angela_Warnick_Buchdahl" class="mw-redirect" title="Angela Warnick Buchdahl">Angela Warnick Buchdahl</a></li><li>Cantor Dan Mutlu</li><li>Rabbi Maurice A. Salth</li><li>Rabbi Ari S. Lorge</li><li>Cantor Jenna Pearsall</li><li>Rabbi Sarah Berman (Adult Education)</li><li>Rabbi Hilly Haber (Social Justice & Education)</li><li>Rabbi Andrew Kaplan Mandel (Online Community Engagement)</li><li>Rabbi Rebecca Rosenthal (Youth & Family Education)</li><li>Rabbi Lisa Rubin (Center for Exploring Judaism)</li><li>Rabbi Sivan Rotholz (Director of Adult Education)</li><li>Peter J. Rubinstein (Emeritus)</li><li>Cantor Richard Botton (Emeritus)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Active</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #87CEFA">Location</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data">646–652 <a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue" title="Lexington Avenue">Lexington Avenue</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Municipality</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Midtown_Manhattan" title="Midtown Manhattan">Midtown Manhattan</a>, New York City</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">State</th><td class="infobox-data">New York</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><a href="/wiki/File:Location_map_United_States_Manhattan.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Central Synagogue (Manhattan) is located in Manhattan"><img alt="Central Synagogue (Manhattan) is located in Manhattan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Location_map_United_States_Manhattan.png/250px-Location_map_United_States_Manhattan.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="446" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Location_map_United_States_Manhattan.png/375px-Location_map_United_States_Manhattan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Location_map_United_States_Manhattan.png 2x" data-file-width="394" data-file-height="703" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:53.392%;left:58.478%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Central Synagogue (Manhattan)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/USA_New_York_City_location_map.svg/375px-USA_New_York_City_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/USA_New_York_City_location_map.svg/500px-USA_New_York_City_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="757" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:37.302%;left:50.763%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Central Synagogue (Manhattan)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in New York City</div>Show map of New York City</div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_New_York_relief_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Central Synagogue (Manhattan) is located in New York"><img alt="Central Synagogue (Manhattan) is located in New York" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/USA_New_York_relief_location_map.svg/250px-USA_New_York_relief_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/USA_New_York_relief_location_map.svg/375px-USA_New_York_relief_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/USA_New_York_relief_location_map.svg/500px-USA_New_York_relief_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1569" data-file-height="1276" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:90.808%;left:72.645%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Central Synagogue (Manhattan)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in New York</div>Show map of New York</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Geographic coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&params=40.7596_N_73.9705_W_region:US-NY_type:landmark">40°45′35″N 73°58′14″W / 40.7596°N 73.9705°W / 40.7596; -73.9705</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #87CEFA">Architecture</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Architect" title="Architect">Architect(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data note"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fernbach" title="Henry Fernbach">Henry Fernbach</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Synagogue</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Architectural_style" title="Architectural style">Style</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Moorish_Revival_architecture" title="Moorish Revival architecture">Moorish Revival</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date established</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>1839 (Shaar Hashomayim)</li><li>1846 (Ahawath Chesed)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Groundbreaking</th><td class="infobox-data note">December 14, 1870</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Completed</th><td class="infobox-data note">April 19, 1872</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #87CEFA">Specifications</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Direction of façade</th><td class="infobox-data">East (main facade)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capacity</th><td class="infobox-data">1,400</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">140 ft (43 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Width</th><td class="infobox-data">93 ft (28 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Height (max)</th><td class="infobox-data">112 ft (34 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Building_material" title="Building material">Materials</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Brownstone, light stone</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #87CEFA">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://centralsynagogue.org">centralsynagogue.org</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="padding:0; border:none;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; font-size:110%; font-weight:bold;color: #202122; background: #A8EDEF; line-height:1.5">Central Synagogue</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="width:100%; text-align:center; line-height:1.5;color: #202122; background: #A8EDEF;"><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">U.S. National Register of Historic Places</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="width:100%; text-align:center; line-height:1.4; color: #202122; background: #87CEEB"><a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">U.S. National Historic Landmark</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="width:100%; text-align:center; line-height:1.5;color: #202122; background: #FFC94B"><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="New York State Register of Historic Places">New York State Register of Historic Places</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="width:100%; text-align:center; line-height:1.5;color: #202122; background: #FFE978"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Landmark" class="mw-redirect" title="New York City Landmark">New York City Landmark</a> <abbr title="number">No.</abbr> 0276</div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 300px; height: 300px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="300" data-height="300" data-zoom="14" data-lat="40.759611111111" data-lon="-73.9705" data-overlays="["_708a92e14405ff8aef62fbcc742ab4b66f1ae7ef"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/14/40.759611111111/-73.9705/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,14,40.759611111111,-73.9705,300x300.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Central_Synagogue_%28Manhattan%29&revid=1259536963&groups=_708a92e14405ff8aef62fbcc742ab4b66f1ae7ef" width="300" height="300" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,14,40.759611111111,-73.9705,300x300@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Central_Synagogue_%28Manhattan%29&revid=1259536963&groups=_708a92e14405ff8aef62fbcc742ab4b66f1ae7ef 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">NRHP reference <abbr title="number">No.</abbr></th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/70000423">70000423</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">NYSRHP <abbr title="number">No.</abbr></th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">06101.000429</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">NYCL <abbr title="number">No.</abbr></th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">0276</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background: #A8EDEF">Significant dates</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Added to NRHP</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">October 9, 1970<a href="#cite_note-nris2007A-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Designated NHL</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">May 15, 1975<a href="#cite_note-nhlsum-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Designated NYSRHP</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">June 23, 1980<a href="#cite_note-Cultural_Resource_Information_System-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Designated NYCL</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">July 7, 1966<a href="#cite_note-desrep-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="text-align:left; font-weight:normal; font-size:88%;"><a href="#cite_note-nycland-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-aia-6">[6]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Central Synagogue (formerly Congregation Ahawath Chesed Shaar Hashomayim; colloquially Central) is a <a href="/wiki/Reform_Judaism" title="Reform Judaism">Reform Jewish</a> congregation and <a href="/wiki/Synagogue" title="Synagogue">synagogue</a> at 652 <a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lexington Avenue (Manhattan)">Lexington Avenue</a>, at the corner with <a href="/wiki/55th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="55th Street (Manhattan)">55th Street</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Midtown_Manhattan" title="Midtown Manhattan">Midtown Manhattan</a> neighborhood of New York City. The current congregation was formed in 1898 through the merger of two 19th-century synagogues: Shaar Hashomayim and Ahawath Chesed. The synagogue building was constructed from 1870 to 1872 for Ahawath Chesed. As of 2014<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit">[update]</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angela_Buchdahl" title="Angela Buchdahl">Angela Buchdahl</a> is Central's senior rabbi. Shaar Hashomayim was founded in 1839 by <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Germany" title="History of the Jews in Germany">German Jews</a>, while Ahawath Chesed was founded in 1846 by <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_the_Czech_lands" title="History of the Jews in the Czech lands">Bohemian Jews</a>. Both congregations originally occupied several sites on the <a href="/wiki/Lower_East_Side" title="Lower East Side">Lower East Side</a> of <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>. Central was constructed as the fifth building of Ahawath Chesed, whose members had moved northward during the late 19th century. Though the congregations originally held services in German, they had become largely <a href="/wiki/Anglophone" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglophone">Anglophone</a> by the time of their merger. Ahawath Chesed Shaar Hashomayim became known as Central by 1918 and briefly merged with the <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Wise_Free_Synagogue" title="Stephen Wise Free Synagogue">Stephen Wise Free Synagogue</a> in the 1920s. The building has been renovated several times over the years, including in the 1880s and 1940s; it was extensively rebuilt from 1998 to 2001 following a fire. Designed by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Fernbach" title="Henry Fernbach">Henry Fernbach</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Moorish_Revival_architecture" title="Moorish Revival architecture">Moorish Revival</a> style, the building is a <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_designated_landmark" class="mw-redirect" title="New York City designated landmark">New York City designated landmark</a> and a <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a>. The facade is made of brownstone with light-stone trim and includes <a href="/wiki/Stained_glass" title="Stained glass">stained glass</a> windows and a geometric <a href="/wiki/Rose_window" title="Rose window">rose window</a>; it is topped by octagonal towers. A vestibule leads to the synagogue's sanctuary—a two-level space, arranged similarly to a <a href="/wiki/Gothic_church" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic church">Gothic church</a>—and there are various rooms in the basement. Central Synagogue has hosted various activities and programs over the years, and it contains a collection of Jewish artifacts. A community house, across 55th Street, hosts the synagogue's religious school and numerous groups. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_history">Early history</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early history">edit</a>]</div> Central Synagogue's congregation was formerly known as Congregation Ahawath Chesed Shaar Hashomayim.<a href="#cite_note-Guzik_2003_p.-7">[7]</a> It is descended from two 19th-century synagogues, Shaar Hashomayim and Ahawath Chesed, which merged in 1898.<a href="#cite_note-Brawarsky_2019_c648-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-NPS_p._3-9">[9]</a> When the congregations were founded in the <a href="/wiki/Lower_East_Side" title="Lower East Side">Lower East Side</a> neighborhood of Manhattan, that area was home to many German Jews, and the area was known as <a href="/wiki/Little_Germany,_Manhattan" title="Little Germany, Manhattan">Little Germany</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._8-10">[10]</a> Most of these German Jews came to the U.S. starting in the mid-19th century.<a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._187-11">[11]</a> They had tried to join existing <a href="/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jews" title="Ashkenazi Jews">Ashkenazi</a> congregations but were shunned by older members, leading them to form their own, breakaway congregations.<a href="#cite_note-Bush_pp._187–188-12">[12]</a> Central Synagogue's Lexington Avenue structure was originally built as Ahawath Chesed's fifth building.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1998_j095-13">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shaar_Hashomayim">Shaar Hashomayim</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Shaar Hashomayim">edit</a>]</div> Shaar Hashomayim was founded in 1839 by <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Germany" title="History of the Jews in Germany">German Jews</a>.<a href="#cite_note-desrep-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-nycland-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-fromatoz-14">[14]</a> Its name, also spelled Shaarey Hashomayim or Shaar Hashamayim,<a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._72-15">[15]</a> meant Gates of Heaven in Hebrew.<a href="#cite_note-NPS_p._3-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._3-16">[16]</a> The first congregants were two groups of men who had left the <a href="/wiki/Ansche_Chesed" title="Ansche Chesed">Ansche Chesed</a> congregation;<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._11-17">[17]</a> they met at 122 Attorney Street.<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._3-16">[16]</a> Originally, there was no <a href="/wiki/Rabbi" title="Rabbi">rabbi</a>; instead, services were led by some of the more knowledgeable congregants.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._11-17">[17]</a> In 1845, Shaar Hashomayim agreed to develop a <a href="/wiki/Jewish_cemetery" title="Jewish cemetery">Jewish cemetery</a> in conjunction with two other German Jewish congregations, Ansche Chesed and <a href="/wiki/Congregation_Rodeph_Sholom_(Manhattan)" title="Congregation Rodeph Sholom (Manhattan)">Rodeph Sholom</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_pp._12–13-18">[18]</a> It subsequently bought up land at <a href="/wiki/Salem_Fields_Cemetery" title="Salem Fields Cemetery">Salem Fields Cemetery</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._12-19">[19]</a> Shaar Hashomayim's first rabbi, <a href="/wiki/Max_Lilienthal" title="Max Lilienthal">Max Lilienthal</a>, joined the congregation in 1845.<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._3-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._13-20">[20]</a> The congregation resisted some of his reforms,<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._3-16">[16]</a> and Lilienthal left in 1847.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._13-20">[20]</a> After Lilienthal left, the congregation was led by a <a href="/wiki/Hazzan" title="Hazzan">hazzan</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Cantor" title="Cantor">cantor</a> who was not <a href="/wiki/Ordination" title="Ordination">ordained</a> as a rabbi.<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._3-16">[16]</a> Shaar Hashomayim became involved in advocacy for Jewish causes in the 1850s. For example, it helped form the Association for the Free Distribution of Matsot for the Poor after the <a href="/wiki/Panic_of_1857" title="Panic of 1857">Panic of 1857</a>, delivering <a href="/wiki/Matzot" class="mw-redirect" title="Matzot">matzot</a> to thousands of Jews, and it was a founding member of <a href="/wiki/Board_of_Delegates_of_American_Israelites" title="Board of Delegates of American Israelites">Board of Delegates of American Israelites</a> in 1859.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_pp._14–15-21">[21]</a> <a href="/wiki/Raphael_Lasker" title="Raphael Lasker">Raphael Lasker</a> became Shaar Hashomayim's senior rabbi in 1862,<a href="#cite_note-JewishEncyclopedia.com_a962-22">[22]</a> a capacity in which he served for nine years.<a href="#cite_note-American_Jewish_Committee_1903_pp._40–108-23">[23]</a> Shaar Hashomayim subsequently moved to 15th Street on the East Side, where it stayed until 1898.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._5-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._30-25">[25]</a> By the 1890s, the congregation had begun using a prayer book in English and Hebrew, and it was considering moving to the <a href="/wiki/Upper_East_Side" title="Upper East Side">Upper East Side</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._23-26">[26]</a> <a href="/wiki/Solomon_H._Sonneschein" title="Solomon H. Sonneschein">Solomon Sonneschein</a>, who joined Shaar Hashomayim in 1895, was its last senior rabbi before the congregation merged with Ahawath Chesed in 1898.<a href="#cite_note-Synagogue_2001_i593-27">[27]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ahawath_Chesed">Ahawath Chesed</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ahawath Chesed">edit</a>]</div> In 1846, German-speaking <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_the_Czech_lands" title="History of the Jews in the Czech lands">Bohemian Jews</a> formed a <a href="/wiki/Minyan" title="Minyan">minyan</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Quorum" title="Quorum">quorum</a> of Jewish adults,<a href="#cite_note-The_Jewish_Messenger_1872-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._188-29">[29]</a> which was the predecessor to the Ahawath Chesed congregation.<a href="#cite_note-fromatoz-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wolfe_Fine_Borden_2013_p._2-30">[30]</a> Initially, they hosted social gatherings at the residence of one Leopold Schwarzkopf;<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._12-31">[31]</a> the gathering was called a Böhmischer Verein, German for "Bohemian club".<a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._20-32">[32]</a> Eighteen of these men decided to form a more structured gathering,<a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._188-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._12-31">[31]</a> and they began meeting at a hotel at 69 <a href="/wiki/Ludlow_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ludlow Street (Manhattan)">Ludlow Street</a> on the Lower East Side of Manhattan.<a href="#cite_note-Brawarsky_2019_c648-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._12-31">[31]</a> Following the arrival of more Bohemian Jews to the U.S.,<a href="#cite_note-The_Jewish_Messenger_1872-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._20-32">[32]</a> several Bohemian Jews in New York City decided to formally establish a congregation in 1848. They had raised $58.32 and one-half cent by November,<a href="#cite_note-34">[i]</a> which they used to buy a <a href="/wiki/Torah_scroll" title="Torah scroll">Torah scroll</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_Jewish_Messenger_1872-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lanter_1872-35">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Establishment_and_early_years">Establishment and early years</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Establishment and early years">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:E_55_St_Oct_2023_22.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Refer to caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/E_55_St_Oct_2023_22.jpg/220px-E_55_St_Oct_2023_22.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/E_55_St_Oct_2023_22.jpg/330px-E_55_St_Oct_2023_22.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/E_55_St_Oct_2023_22.jpg/440px-E_55_St_Oct_2023_22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="5184" /></a><figcaption>The synagogue building, seen from 55th Street</figcaption></figure> Ahawath Chesed (sometimes spelled Ahavath Chesed<a href="#cite_note-American_Jewish_Historical_Society_1909_p._216-36">[34]</a>) was officially formed on December 31, 1848;<a href="#cite_note-The_Jewish_Messenger_1872-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2023_x333-37">[35]</a> its name meant Love of Mercy in Hebrew.<a href="#cite_note-NPS_p._3-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._8-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wolfe_Fine_Borden_2013_p._2-30">[30]</a> Ahawath Chesed rented space at 88 Ridge Street in August 1849,<a href="#cite_note-The_Jewish_Messenger_1872-28">[28]</a> paying $100<a href="#cite_note-38">[ii]</a> annually for the upper stories of two structures.<a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._188-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._4-39">[36]</a> At the time, the congregation charged a $1.50 annual membership fee.<a href="#cite_note-40">[iii]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._188-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._4-39">[36]</a> Initially, Ahawath Chesed was an <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Judaism" title="Orthodox Judaism">Orthodox</a> congregation with German-language services,<a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._188-29">[29]</a> and it had a Jewish cemetery in <a href="/wiki/Cypress_Hills,_Brooklyn" class="mw-redirect" title="Cypress Hills, Brooklyn">Cypress Hills, Brooklyn</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_Jewish_Messenger_1872-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-BG_p._12-19">[19]</a> The congregation also bought up land at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Linden_Hill_Cemetery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linden Hill Cemetery (page does not exist)">Linden Hill Cemetery</a> during its first 25 years.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._12-19">[19]</a> The Ridge Street synagogue was expanded in February 1850.<a href="#cite_note-The_Jewish_Messenger_1872-28">[28]</a> Further growth of the congregation prompted Ahawath Chesed to acquire a house at 217 <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia Street (Manhattan)">Columbia Street</a><a href="#cite_note-Lanter_1872-35">[33]</a> in 1854 and relocate its synagogue there.<a href="#cite_note-The_Jewish_Messenger_1872-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._188-29">[29]</a> Ahawath Chesed held informal prayer sessions and used Ashkenazic <a href="/wiki/Prayer_book" title="Prayer book">prayer books</a>, though it was less involved in communal advocacy than Shaar Hashomayim.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._16-41">[37]</a> By the 1860s, many congregants were talking with each other or leaving in the middle of prayer sessions, prompting the synagogue's board to enact more stringent rules.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._16-41">[37]</a> In addition, the prayer books were entirely in Hebrew, which many congregants could not understand.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._17-42">[38]</a> In 1864, Ahawath Chesed moved to the Eleventh Presbyterian Church,<a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._20-32">[32]</a> located at the intersection of <a href="/wiki/Avenue_C_(Manhattan)" title="Avenue C (Manhattan)">Avenue C</a> and <a href="/wiki/4th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="4th Street (Manhattan)">Fourth Street</a> in the <a href="/wiki/East_Village,_Manhattan" title="East Village, Manhattan">East Village</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_Israelite_1864-43">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gray_1995_z635-44">[40]</a> The Avenue C synagogue cost $24,050<a href="#cite_note-46">[iv]</a><a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._4-39">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2023_x333-37">[35]</a> and was designed by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Fernbach" title="Henry Fernbach">Henry Fernbach</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_Israelite_1864-43">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._15-47">[41]</a> At the time, the congregation had 115 members,<a href="#cite_note-The_Israelite_1864-43">[39]</a> whose names were inscribed on the pews.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._8-48">[42]</a> In 1865, the congregation voted to hire a more progressive rabbi in the <a href="/wiki/Reform_Judaism" title="Reform Judaism">Reform</a> tradition, running advertisements in Jewish magazines in Europe and the U.S.<a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._188-29">[29]</a> The congregation also decided to buy its first organ<a href="#cite_note-Zola_pp._24–25-49">[43]</a> and hired the Bohemian cantor <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Weltsch" title="Samuel Weltsch">Samuel Weltsch</a> to be their hazzan that year.<a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._188-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cohen_2019_p._190-50">[44]</a> <a href="/wiki/Adolph_Huebsch" title="Adolph Huebsch">Adolph Huebsch</a>, also of Bohemia, was hired as the congregation's rabbi in 1866,<a href="#cite_note-Huebsch_Huebsch_Wise_1885_p._7-51">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-Adam_2005_p._519-52">[46]</a> and he began holding Reform rituals.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._10-53">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._4-39">[36]</a> The congregation adopted a new prayer book under Huebsch's leadership.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._17-42">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-Zola_pp._30–32-54">[48]</a> He also established a congregational school,<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._4-39">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._26-55">[49]</a> which had 127 students by late 1867.<a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._26-55">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-BG_p._12-19">[19]</a> Ahawath Chesed continued to grow along with the Jewish population in Little Germany,<a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._189-56">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._11-57">[51]</a> with 142 members in the late 1860s.<a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._25-58">[52]</a> The congregation attracted a wider range of Eastern European Jews who worked in a variety of professions, including beer, clothing, dry goods, and real estate—though not those in banking or mercantile trades, who instead joined <a href="/wiki/Congregation_Emanu-El_of_New_York" title="Congregation Emanu-El of New York">Congregation Emanu-El of New York</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_pp._11–12-59">[53]</a> The Lower East Side was also becoming more crowded, prompting wealthier Jews to <a href="/wiki/March_uptown" title="March uptown">move uptown</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Lanter_1872-35">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_pp._12–13-60">[54]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Development_of_Lexington_Avenue_synagogue">Development of Lexington Avenue synagogue</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Development of Lexington Avenue synagogue">edit</a>]</div> Ahawath Chesed's trustees had first considered buying an existing religious building or erecting a new building in June 1867, but they were unable to find any suitable structure south of <a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="42nd Street (Manhattan)">42nd Street</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_pp._11–12-59">[53]</a> The trustees did identify several sites in <a href="/wiki/Midtown_Manhattan" title="Midtown Manhattan">Midtown Manhattan</a>, including one near 45th Street and <a href="/wiki/Madison_Avenue" title="Madison Avenue">Madison Avenue</a>, just before real-estate prices in the area decreased greatly.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._13-61">[55]</a> In 1869, Ahawath Chesed's congregation voted to establish a committee for the acquisition of a new building.<a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._189-56">[50]</a> The committee reported in April 1870 that it had acquired land further uptown, and it voted to sell its old site shortly thereafter.<a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._189-56">[50]</a> The site, at the southwest corner of <a href="/wiki/55th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="55th Street (Manhattan)">55th Street</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue" title="Lexington Avenue">Lexington Avenue</a>, covered 100 by 140 feet (30 by 43 m) and cost $63,250.<a href="#cite_note-62">[v]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._189-56">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._13-61">[55]</a> At the time, many of the congregation's members lived near Midtown.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._15-47">[41]</a> The site was also relatively close to the then-recently completed <a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanu-El_(New_York,_1868)" title="Temple Emanu-El (New York, 1868)">Temple Emanu-El</a> on <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue" title="Fifth Avenue">Fifth Avenue</a>, and the congregation wanted the synagogue's design to compete with that of Temple Emanu-El.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._20-63">[56]</a> Sixty-two people loaned a combined $68,100 for the synagogue's construction.<a href="#cite_note-64">[vi]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._189-56">[50]</a> Ahawath Chesed obtained additional money by selling pews, the cost of which ranged from $150 to more than $1,200.<a href="#cite_note-65">[vii]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._189-56">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-BG_p._9-66">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[c]</a> Ahawath Chesed's trustees and its allied organizations also loaned some money,<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._9–10-68">[58]</a> and the congregation earned $40,000 or $55,000 by selling its Avenue C property.<a href="#cite_note-69">[viii]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._189-56">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._23-70">[59]</a> The congregation hired Henry Fernbach, the architect of its Avenue C synagogue, to design a structure on the lot.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._15-47">[41]</a> The design was controversial; some congregants felt the decorations were excessive.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._15-47">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-streetscapes-71">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-NY1880-72">[61]</a> The building was also being developed at a time when the congregation was starting to lose money, prompting concerns that congregants would leave Ahawath Chesed.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._15-47">[41]</a> Huebsch and <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Mayer_Wise" title="Isaac Mayer Wise">Isaac Wise</a>, the rabbi of B'nai Jeshurun in <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a>, jointly laid the synagogue's cornerstone on December 14, 1870.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2023_x333-37">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[62]</a> The congregation continued to accept more members as the synagogue was built; its religious school expanded from 146 to 276 students between 1871 and 1872 alone.<a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._189-56">[50]</a> Huebsch consecrated the new synagogue on April 19, 1872.<a href="#cite_note-The_Jewish_Messenger_1872-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2023_q431-74">[63]</a> Following the building's dedication, Huebsch described the structure as "not only a house of worship, but an American-Jewish house of worship".<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._23-70">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._191-75">[64]</a> A Jewish Times article, describing the consecration, characterized it as evidence of a growing acceptance of Jews in the U.S.<a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._191-75">[64]</a> The building had cost $250,000,<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2023_q431-74">[63]</a> $264,000,<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._6-76">[65]</a> or $272,575 to construct.<a href="#cite_note-77">[ix]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._23-70">[59]</a> The synagogue's completion coincided with the development of rowhouses within East Midtown, which had been undeveloped as recently as five years previously.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._24-78">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gray_1998_p.2-79">[67]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Late_19th_century">Late 19th century</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Late 19th century">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Central_Synagogue_south_morning_star_jeh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A globe with a finial atop the Central Synagogue's south tower, seen in 2011" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Central_Synagogue_south_morning_star_jeh.jpg/220px-Central_Synagogue_south_morning_star_jeh.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Central_Synagogue_south_morning_star_jeh.jpg/330px-Central_Synagogue_south_morning_star_jeh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Central_Synagogue_south_morning_star_jeh.jpg/440px-Central_Synagogue_south_morning_star_jeh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1607" data-file-height="2396" /></a><figcaption>Moorish Revival detail, south tower of Central Synagogue (2011)</figcaption></figure> After moving to the new synagogue building, Ahawath Chesed began using a two-volume prayer book adapted to reflect more modern views.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._18-80">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._32-81">[69]</a> The new prayer book, known as the Seder Tefillah,<a href="#cite_note-82">[d]</a> remained in use for half a century, even after the congregation began using other prayer books.<a href="#cite_note-Zola_pp._32–33-83">[70]</a> The opening of the new building coincided with the <a href="/wiki/Panic_of_1873" title="Panic of 1873">Panic of 1873</a> and its subsequent financial crisis.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._14-84">[71]</a> Nonetheless, the congregation was involved with charitable initiatives such as the Hebrew Charity Fair and <a href="/wiki/Mount_Sinai_Hospital_(Manhattan)" title="Mount Sinai Hospital (Manhattan)">Mount Sinai Hospital</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._8-85">[72]</a> and Huebsch continued to expand Ahawath Chesed's school during his tenure.<a href="#cite_note-Zola_pp._26–27-86">[73]</a> He established a social group for the congregation's young men,<a href="#cite_note-Zola_pp._26–27-86">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-BG_p._17-87">[74]</a> which counted sixty members by 1879.<a href="#cite_note-88">[75]</a> The synagogue hosted music and lectures one weekday a month, eliminating the need for a Sunday service.<a href="#cite_note-Isaacs_1907-89">[76]</a> Ahawath Chesed additionally joined the <a href="/wiki/Union_of_American_Hebrew_Congregations" class="mw-redirect" title="Union of American Hebrew Congregations">Union of American Hebrew Congregations</a> (UAHC), a group of Reform synagogues, in 1878.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._11-57">[51]</a> Huebsch led the congregation until he died in 1884,<a href="#cite_note-Huebsch_Huebsch_Wise_1885_p._7-51">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._34-90">[77]</a> by which Ahawath Chesed had grown into a largely middle-class congregation.<a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._34-90">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._111-91">[78]</a> The Hungarian-American orator <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kohut" title="Alexander Kohut">Alexander Kohut</a> succeeded Huebsch as Ahawath Chesed's senior rabbi in May 1885.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2023_v195-92">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._35-93">[80]</a> Kohut's views were more conservative than Huebsch's, though the congregation generally respected him.<a href="#cite_note-Zola_pp._40–41-94">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gurock_pp._21–22-95">[82]</a> The building caught fire on February 28, 1886;<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2023_w014-96">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Sun_1886-97">[84]</a> though no one was killed, firefighters had to destroy most of the stained-glass windows and some of the plasterwork.<a href="#cite_note-New-York_Tribune_1886-98">[85]</a> Media sources estimated that the fire had caused between $5,000<a href="#cite_note-The_Sun_1886-97">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-New-York_Tribune_1886-98">[85]</a> and $7,000 in damage,<a href="#cite_note-99">[x]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2023_w014-96">[83]</a> and the building was renovated afterward.<a href="#cite_note-Nast_Goldberger_2001_p755-100">[86]</a> Like his predecessor, Kohut gave sermons in German,<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._30-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._44-101">[87]</a> although he also gave English sermons as early as 1887.<a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._44-101">[87]</a> More descendants of Jewish immigrants spoke English.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._30-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._42-102">[88]</a> After enrollment at the synagogue's German-only religious school declined,<a href="#cite_note-Zola_pp._43–44-103">[89]</a> it began teaching in English by 1890.<a href="#cite_note-Zola_pp._43–44-103">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gurock_pp._22–23-104">[90]</a> Kohut also agreed to host English services and publish an English translation of the Seder Tefillah,<a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._44-101">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gurock_pp._22–23-104">[90]</a> and the synagogue began hosting regular sermons in English in 1893.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._30-25">[25]</a> During his tenure, Kohut also expressed a wish to create a new <a href="/wiki/Siddur" title="Siddur">siddur</a> (prayer book).<a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._45-105">[91]</a> Kohut's wife Rebekah established a congregational "sisterhood" that, by 1895, had 350 members.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._24-106">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-BG_p._16-107">[93]</a> Kohut served as the senior rabbi until his death in 1894.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._11-57">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._6-76">[65]</a> Ahawath Chesed took two years to hire its next senior rabbi, in part because the congregation only would talk to scholars who were fluent in English and German.<a href="#cite_note-Zola_pp._48–49-108">[94]</a> The American Israelite said the congregation fell "on the brink of despair" due to the lack of a rabbi.<a href="#cite_note-109">[95]</a> David Davidson, a <a href="/wiki/Talmud" title="Talmud">Talmud</a> instructor and a leader of various Jewish institutions,<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._7-110">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-Zola_pp._49–50-111">[97]</a> ultimately became the congregation's senior rabbi in 1895.<a href="#cite_note-Zola_pp._49–50-111">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-American_Jewish_Historical_Society_p._86-112">[98]</a> Davidson began holding English-only, Friday-night Shabbat services, but these were suspended in April 1896 after board members complained about reduced Saturday attendance.<a href="#cite_note-Zola_pp._50–51-113">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gurock_pp._33–35-114">[100]</a> Instead, he hosted bilingual Saturday-morning Shabbat services.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_pp._33–35-114">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._51-115">[101]</a> The congregation celebrated its 50th anniversary later that year with special services.<a href="#cite_note-116">[102]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Merger">Merger</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Merger">edit</a>]</div> Shaar Hashomayim had proposed merging with Ahawath Chesed as early as the 1860s, after the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, though Ahawath Chesed had declined the proposal at the time. A merger was again proposed in 1894, after Shaar Hashomayim's leaders at the time expressed interest in Kohut's translated prayer book, which they later adopted.<a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._47-117">[103]</a> Negotiations continued over the next several years.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._23-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._47-117">[103]</a> Ahawath Chesed and Shaar Hashomayim merged on June 20, 1898,<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._13-118">[104]</a> forming Ahawath Chesed Shaar Hashomayim,<a href="#cite_note-121">[e]</a> which occupied the Ahawath Chesed synagogue at Lexington Avenue.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._30-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[107]</a> Shaar Hashomayim's congregation had 77 families, while Ahawath Chesed's had 166 families.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._7–8-123">[108]</a> The merger boosted the congregations' membership, and the sale of Shaar Hashomayin's old building also raised money.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._15-124">[109]</a> Davidson resigned in 1899,<a href="#cite_note-Kohner_1899-125">[110]</a> partly due to his opposition to the congregations' merger.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._15-124">[109]</a> With worshippers increasingly speaking English, the trustees decided in 1899 to keep congregational records in English.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._30-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._51-115">[101]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Combined_congregation">Combined congregation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Combined congregation">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Central_Synagogue_4.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="An arch and chandelier inside the synagogue" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Central_Synagogue_4.JPG/220px-Central_Synagogue_4.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Central_Synagogue_4.JPG/330px-Central_Synagogue_4.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Central_Synagogue_4.JPG/440px-Central_Synagogue_4.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Detail of the interior</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1900_to_1924">1900 to 1924</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 1900 to 1924">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Moses_leadership">Moses leadership</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Moses leadership">edit</a>]</div> After Davidson's resignation, the trustees of Ahawath Chesed Shaar Hashomayim took a year<a href="#cite_note-Zola_pp._52–53-126">[111]</a> to search for a bilingual rabbi.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._30-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._52-127">[112]</a> The trustees interviewed <a href="/wiki/William_Rosenau" title="William Rosenau">William Rosenau</a>,<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1900_s569-128">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._53-129">[114]</a> Samuel Sale,<a href="#cite_note-130">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._53-129">[114]</a> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stolz" title="Joseph Stolz">Joseph Stolz</a>,<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1900_s1192-131">[116]</a> <a href="/wiki/Israel_Abrahams" title="Israel Abrahams">Israel Abrahams</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gotthard_Deutsch" title="Gotthard Deutsch">Gotthard Deutsch</a> for the position.<a href="#cite_note-Zola_pp._52–53a-132">[117]</a> They ultimately hired <a href="/wiki/Isaac_S._Moses" title="Isaac S. Moses">Isaac Moses</a>, who joined the congregation in January 1901.<a href="#cite_note-133">[118]</a> Moses was the last rabbi in the congregation to preach in both German and English,<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._13-118">[104]</a> as the congregation's board wanted to transition toward making English the synagogue's primary language.<a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._64-134">[119]</a> In 1904, the board agreed to use the English-language <a href="/wiki/Union_Prayer_Book" title="Union Prayer Book">Union Prayer Book</a>, which Moses had helped create.<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._13-118">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._35-135">[120]</a> During the early 1900s, Ahawath Chesed Shaar Hashomayim briefly considered moving uptown, as Midtown's other Jewish congregations did.<a href="#cite_note-Isaacs_1907-89">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_pp._30–32-136">[121]</a> The members remained involved in charitable causes in the 1900s, and the synagogue's lights were electrified in 1903.<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._13-118">[104]</a> The trustees appointed a committee in 1909 to find another site; the committee identified two sites along <a href="/wiki/Central_Park_West" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Park West">Central Park West</a>, but congregants voted against relocating in 1913.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_pp._43–44-137">[122]</a> Worshippers believed that the alternate sites were too expensive, that the old building had historic value, and that the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">New York City Subway</a>'s <a href="/wiki/IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Lexington Avenue Line">Lexington Avenue Line</a> (which was under construction) would attract additional worshippers. In addition, nearly as many members lived on the Upper West Side as the Upper East Side.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._44-138">[123]</a> Ahawath Chesed became a founding member of the Jewish Religious School Union of New York in 1913.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1913_t156-139">[124]</a> and it also assisted the <a href="/wiki/American_Jewish_Joint_Distribution_Committee" title="American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee">American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee</a> during World War I.<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._13-118">[104]</a> The congregation's sisterhood, on East 101st Street in <a href="/wiki/East_Harlem" title="East Harlem">East Harlem</a>, operated a kindergarten and children's nursery.<a href="#cite_note-140">[125]</a> Ahawath Chesed Shaar Hashomayim also contemplated merging with the West End Synagogue or <a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth-El_(New_York_City)" title="Temple Beth-El (New York City)">Temple Beth-El</a> in 1915, but ultimately it decided to remain separate.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._45-141">[126]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Krass_leadership_and_Free_Synagogue_merger">Krass leadership and Free Synagogue merger</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Krass leadership and Free Synagogue merger">edit</a>]</div> Moses announced his intention to retire in mid-1917, when the congregation had 900 members.<a href="#cite_note-142">[127]</a> The congregation's trustees selected Nathan Krass as their next senior rabbi,<a href="#cite_note-143">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1917_w202-144">[129]</a> and Krass led his first service in January 1918.<a href="#cite_note-145">[130]</a> Simultaneously, Ahawath Chesed Shaar Hashomayim began referring to itself as Central Synagogue or Central Temple,<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._23-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._45-141">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1917_w202-144">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[f]</a> though the congregation would not be officially renamed Central Synagogue until 1974.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._23-26">[26]</a> The new English name was intended to reflect the congregation's Reform roots and to attract worshippers.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._45-141">[126]</a> The congregation also formed a governing council and introduced revised bylaws in 1918.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._17-87">[74]</a> The bylaws allowed congregants to send their children to Central's religious school for free, as well as special privileges regarding marriages and burial plots.<a href="#cite_note-BG_pp._11–12-147">[131]</a> At the time, the congregation had eight committees and three affiliated organizations.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._27-148">[132]</a> During his tenure, Krass paid off the synagogue's $60,000 mortgage. The congregation's membership doubled between 1918 and 1923, bringing the synagogue to near capacity, and there was a waiting list for potential members.<a href="#cite_note-The_Jewish_Exponent_1923-149">[133]</a> Krass's speeches, which discussed a variety of Christian and Jewish topics, attracted both Jews and <a href="/wiki/Gentile" title="Gentile">non-Jews</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._37-150">[134]</a> By the early 1920s, the synagogue could not adequately accommodate many social functions and classes, putting it at a disadvantage compared to newer synagogues that had community centers to attract younger, less religious generations.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._45-141">[126]</a> As such, one worshipper named Daniel Kops suggested the construction of a new community house at Ahawath Chesed's 75th anniversary in 1922.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._47-151">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._33-152">[136]</a> Kops wanted to raise $100,000 for the community house, saying that it would attract younger congregants;<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._33-152">[136]</a> the congregation ultimately raised $70,000 for the facility.<a href="#cite_note-The_Jewish_Exponent_1923-149">[133]</a> Krass resigned in April 1923 to accept a position at Temple Emanu-El.<a href="#cite_note-The_Jewish_Exponent_1923-149">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1923_i997-153">[137]</a> Central proposed merging with the <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Wise_Free_Synagogue" title="Stephen Wise Free Synagogue">Stephen Wise Free Synagogue</a>,<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1923_y821-154">[138]</a> and the merger was finalized in May 1923, establishing the Central and Free Synagogues.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1923_p107-155">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._48-156">[140]</a> The Free Synagogue's rabbi <a href="/wiki/Stephen_S._Wise" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephen S. Wise">Stephen S. Wise</a> became the rabbi of the merged congregation, conducting services variously at <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Hall" title="Carnegie Hall">Carnegie Hall</a>, Central Synagogue's building, and the Free Synagogue's parish house on 68th Street.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1923_y821-154">[138]</a> Stephen Wise wanted to construct a new synagogue for the two congregations.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1923_p107-155">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._48-156">[140]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Tudor_architecture" title="Tudor architecture">Tudor</a>-style Synagogue House at 40 West 68th Street was finished in March 1924;<a href="#cite_note-157">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1924-158">[142]</a> it included an auditorium<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1924_u212-159">[143]</a> and offices for the congregation's various departments.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1924-158">[142]</a> The congregations were unable to find a site for a new synagogue,<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1925_t190-160">[144]</a> and there were irreconcilable differences between the congregations.<a href="#cite_note-BG_pp._20–21-161">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._46-162">[146]</a> For example, Central's classical Reform congregants did not appreciate Wise's neo-Reform services,<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._46-162">[146]</a> and the Free Synagogue's practice of open seating clashed with Central's practice of selling pews.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._48-156">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-BG_p._21-163">[147]</a> In February 1925, Stephen Wise announced that the congregations would split at the end of that May.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1925_t190-160">[144]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1925_to_1959:_Jonah_Wise_leadership">1925 to 1959: Jonah Wise leadership</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 1925 to 1959: Jonah Wise leadership">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Before_and_during_World_War_II">Before and during World War II</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Before and during World War II">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Central_Synagogue_December_2022_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The synagogue's southern turret as seen from Lexington Avenue" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Central_Synagogue_December_2022_001.jpg/220px-Central_Synagogue_December_2022_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Central_Synagogue_December_2022_001.jpg/330px-Central_Synagogue_December_2022_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Central_Synagogue_December_2022_001.jpg/440px-Central_Synagogue_December_2022_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Turret</figcaption></figure> Isaac Wise's son <a href="/wiki/Jonah_Wise" title="Jonah Wise">Jonah Wise</a> (no relation to Stephen Wise) was selected as the newly independent Central Synagogue's rabbi in May 1925.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1925_k170-164">[148]</a> He took up the pulpit that September;<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1925_f007-165">[149]</a> at the time, the congregation had 250 families.<a href="#cite_note-166">[150]</a> Central's board of trustees bought the Studio Club at 35 East 62nd Street in February 1926<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1926_v9493-167">[151]</a> for use as a community house.<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._13-118">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._47-151">[135]</a> Central dedicated its community house in January 1927;<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1927_l447-168">[152]</a> the structure housed the Women's Organization and later the Temple Brotherhood.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._42-169">[153]</a> The Women's Organization replaced Central's existing women's associations in the mid-1920s,<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._17-170">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-BG_p._19-171">[155]</a> while the Temple Brotherhood replaced the Young Men's Association in 1930.<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._14-172">[156]</a> The congregation became a founding member of the Association of Reform Congregations in 1927.<a href="#cite_note-173">[157]</a> The Bohemian American Israelite Congregation merged with Central Synagogue in 1928 or 1929.<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._14-172">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ackman_&_Ziff_Genealogy_Institute_at_the_Center_for_Jewish_History_g491-174">[158]</a> The congregation struggled in the 1930s;<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._21-163">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._14-172">[156]</a> it accepted fewer than 12 new congregants annually during that decade.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._21-163">[147]</a> Conversely, nearly a hundred congregants left the congregation in 1937 alone after they were unable to pay their dues.<a href="#cite_note-BG_pp._21–22-175">[159]</a> Despite its struggles, Central expanded its charitable efforts beyond local advocacy during the 1930s.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._48-176">[160]</a> For example, Wise chaired the National Joint Distribution Committee (later <a href="/wiki/United_Jewish_Appeal" title="United Jewish Appeal">United Jewish Appeal</a>), which aimed to help <a href="/wiki/Jews_in_Nazi_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Jews in Nazi Germany">Jews in Nazi Germany</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._15-177">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._49-178">[162]</a> and the congregation became involved with the Homesteads Project, a housing program financed by the federal government.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._48-176">[160]</a> In addition, the Women's Organization operated a job center for unemployed women within its vestry rooms.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._48-176">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._15-177">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1933_s940-179">[163]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Message_of_Israel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Message of Israel (page does not exist)">The Message of Israel</a>, a weekly radio show broadcast from Central, was launched in 1934;<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._17-170">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1959_j168-180">[164]</a> it consisted of a musical program followed by a speech.<a href="#cite_note-BG_pp._64–65-181">[165]</a> For Ahawath Chesed's 90th anniversary in 1936, Central hosted various public forums and musical performances.<a href="#cite_note-BG_pp._60–62-182">[166]</a> By the mid-1930s, assistance for European Jews comprised a large part of Wise's activities at the synagogue.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._49-178">[162]</a> The congregation's Brotherhood and Sisterhood helped re-house and retrain Jewish refugees before World War II.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._53-183">[167]</a> The interior of the synagogue was repainted in 1937.<a href="#cite_note-Stern_(2006)_p._525-184">[168]</a> Central's cantor Frederich Lechner, who joined the congregation the same year, developed music both for the congregation and for The Message of Israel series.<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._17-170">[154]</a> The community house hosted various social events, such as concerts.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._53-183">[167]</a> German Jewish refugees, led by Hugo Hahn, founded <a href="/wiki/Congregation_Habonim" title="Congregation Habonim">Congregation Habonim</a> at Central Synagogue in 1939<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1964_d946-185">[169]</a> and initially used Central's community house and main building.<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._17-170">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._55-186">[170]</a> Following rapid growth in Habonim's membership,<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._55-186">[170]</a> it split from Central in 1943.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1964_d946-185">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-188">[g]</a> Central's Sisterhood raised money for the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allies of World War II</a> during the early 1940s.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_pp._60–61-189">[172]</a> In 1943, the synagogue also temporarily hosted the Rock <a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostal</a> congregation, which was developing a church for itself.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1943_m665-190">[173]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="After_World_War_II">After World War II</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: After World War II">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:E_55_St_Oct_2023_08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Refer to caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/E_55_St_Oct_2023_08.jpg/220px-E_55_St_Oct_2023_08.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/E_55_St_Oct_2023_08.jpg/330px-E_55_St_Oct_2023_08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/E_55_St_Oct_2023_08.jpg/440px-E_55_St_Oct_2023_08.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="5184" /></a><figcaption>One of the synagogue's towers as seen from 55th Street</figcaption></figure> <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_J._Seligson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David J. Seligson (page does not exist)">David J. Seligson</a> joined Central in 1945 and later became an associate rabbi under Wise.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._23-191">[174]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._67-192">[175]</a> Central's congregation celebrated Ahawath Chesed's centennial in 1946<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1946_z673-193">[176]</a> and commissioned a portrait of Wise.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1947_b999-194">[177]</a> Simultaneously, Wise planned to renovate the synagogue to attract worshippers who would otherwise leave for newer synagogues in the suburbs.<a href="#cite_note-BG_pp._66–67-195">[178]</a> The renovation, designed by <a href="/wiki/Ely_Jacques_Kahn" title="Ely Jacques Kahn">Ely Jacques Kahn</a>, removed many original design features.<a href="#cite_note-Nast_Goldberger_2001_p755-100">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-Stern_(2006)_p._525-184">[168]</a> The stained-glass windows were largely replaced with more abstract motifs,<a href="#cite_note-Stern_(2006)_p._525-184">[168]</a> and a metal roof replaced the original slate tiles.<a href="#cite_note-Stern_(2006)_p._525-184">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-Barista_p._23-196">[179]</a> The basement was also modified.<a href="#cite_note-Gray_1995_z635-44">[40]</a> Though the rest of the facade and most of the interior remained unchanged, a memorial to Isaac Wise was added to the synagogue's vestry room,<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1947_y544-197">[180]</a> and the synagogue was converted to electric power.<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._6-76">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-Stern_(2006)_p._525-184">[168]</a> Four plane trees outside the building were also dedicated in 1947 to mark the synagogue's renovation,<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1947_z906-198">[181]</a> and the building was formally rededicated in March 1949.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1949_j847-199">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-New_York_Herald_Tribune_1949-200">[183]</a> The project cost $270,000 in total.<a href="#cite_note-New_York_Herald_Tribune_1949-200">[183]</a> A plaque, dedicated to ten worshippers who died in World War II, was dedicated at Central in 1950.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1950_q198-201">[184]</a> The synagogue building was rededicated again in 1952 upon the structure's 80th anniversary.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1952_y465-202">[185]</a> Central again began attracting new members in the 1950s,<a href="#cite_note-BG_pp._22–23-203">[186]</a> and it had 900 families by 1954.<a href="#cite_note-BG_pp._22–23-203">[186]</a> Membership had leveled off at around 1,040 by the end of the decade, in part because of an outflow of older members, and the congregation also had a $200,000 shortfall.<a href="#cite_note-BG_pp._22–23-203">[186]</a> When Wise died in February 1959, he had led the congregation for 34 years.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1959_j168-180">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-204">[187]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1959_to_1991">1959 to 1991</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 1959 to 1991">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Seligson_leadership">Seligson leadership</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Seligson leadership">edit</a>]</div> Seligson was promoted as senior rabbi after Wise's death,<a href="#cite_note-Goodstein_1999_f800-205">[188]</a><a href="#cite_note-BG_p._23-191">[174]</a> and Central's president announced that the community house would be expanded and renamed for Wise.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1959_y380-206">[189]</a> Initially, the congregation planned to replace the existing 62nd Street community house.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1961_d904-207">[190]</a><a href="#cite_note-New_York_Herald_Tribune_1961-208">[191]</a> By the early 1960s, the congregation counted 1,100<a href="#cite_note-209">[192]</a> or 1,200 families as members.<a href="#cite_note-New_York_Herald_Tribune_1961-208">[191]</a> Central also announced plans in 1963 to redecorate the interior and restore some of the stained-glass windows.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1963_b374-210">[193]</a> The congregation acquired land at 125 East 55th Street for a community house in 1964<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1964_w955-211">[194]</a> and began developing it two years later.<a href="#cite_note-Kamins_1966_r969-212">[195]</a> The congregation destroyed three houses on 55th Street to make way for the community house,<a href="#cite_note-Gray_1998_p.2-79">[67]</a> which was dedicated in September 1967.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1967_j507-213">[196]</a><a href="#cite_note-New_York_Daily_News_1967-214">[197]</a> Amid a declining local economy, the trustees allowed external organizations to rent space in the community house so the mortgage could be paid off.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._24-215">[198]</a> Meanwhile, Central's membership stopped expanding by the 1960s, and the trustees proposed implementing age-based membership fees to attract congregants.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._23-191">[174]</a> The congregation became more involved in matters involving Israel following the <a href="/wiki/Six-Day_War" title="Six-Day War">Six-Day War</a> in 1967,<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_pp._71–72-216">[199]</a> and it also established a nursery school in 1968.<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._21-217">[200]</a> In advance of the Lexington Avenue synagogue's centennial, Central hired a company to find its cornerstone, which was discovered underneath the main steps.<a href="#cite_note-nyt-1970-04-20-218">[201]</a> To celebrate the centennial, Central's members re-laid the cornerstone on December 13, 1970,<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._69-219">[202]</a><a href="#cite_note-nyt-1970-12-14a-220">[203]</a> and Central helped curate an exhibit about New York City's Jewish history at the <a href="/wiki/New-York_Historical_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="New-York Historical Society">New-York Historical Society</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BG_pp._24–25-221">[204]</a><a href="#cite_note-nyt-1971-03-11a-222">[205]</a> Seligson stepped down as the synagogue's senior rabbi in 1972 and became its rabbi emeritus,<a href="#cite_note-Goodstein_1999_f800-205">[188]</a> while <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Zimmerman" title="Sheldon Zimmerman">Sheldon Zimmerman</a>, who had been an assistant rabbi, was promoted as senior rabbi.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._77-223">[206]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fulman_1984-224">[207]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Zimmerman_and_Davids_leadership">Zimmerman and Davids leadership</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Zimmerman and Davids leadership">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:E_55_St_Oct_2023_25.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Refer to caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/E_55_St_Oct_2023_25.jpg/170px-E_55_St_Oct_2023_25.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/E_55_St_Oct_2023_25.jpg/255px-E_55_St_Oct_2023_25.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/E_55_St_Oct_2023_25.jpg/340px-E_55_St_Oct_2023_25.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="5184" /></a><figcaption>The Lexington Avenue facade seen from the southeast</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Folksbiene" title="Folksbiene">Folksbiene</a> theater company moved to Central in September 1973,<a href="#cite_note-225">[208]</a> hosting performances in the community house.<a href="#cite_note-226">[209]</a> During the 1970s, nearly as many members joined as left;<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_pp._81–83-227">[210]</a> the congregation was composed of 1,025 families by the middle of that decade.<a href="#cite_note-King_1976-228">[211]</a> According to the historian <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Gurock" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeffrey Gurock">Jeffrey Gurock</a>, Zimmerman encouraged the congregation to become more involved with Israeli causes, including through celebrations, tours of the nation, and fundraisers.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_pp._77–78-229">[212]</a> Central became the first synagogue in Manhattan to allow <a href="/wiki/Alcoholics_Anonymous" title="Alcoholics Anonymous">Alcoholics Anonymous</a> meetings in its building in the 1970s,<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._22-230">[213]</a><a href="#cite_note-231">[214]</a> and it temporarily housed St. Peter's Lutheran Church while the church's sanctuary was being rebuilt as part of <a href="/wiki/Citigroup_Center" title="Citigroup Center">Citigroup Center</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._22-230">[213]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._86-232">[215]</a> The congregation also partnered with local churches to feed homeless people.<a href="#cite_note-Fulman_1984-224">[207]</a> The staff began devising plans to make the synagogue accessible to disabled people in the early 1970s, but progress was delayed for over a decade because preservation laws made it difficult to modify the building.<a href="#cite_note-233">[216]</a> Despite the city's high crime rate and poor economic conditions, many members remained part of the congregation. In 1983, some congregants began holding weekday morning services, led by the <a href="/wiki/Laity" title="Laity">laity</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._83-234">[217]</a> The congregation sold the <a href="/wiki/Air_rights" title="Air rights">air rights</a> over two adjacent buildings to the developer of a neighboring tower in the 1980s,<a href="#cite_note-nyt-1981-09-20-235">[218]</a> which raised money for the congregation.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._30-236">[219]</a> Zimmerman resigned as senior rabbi in 1985,<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._77-223">[206]</a><a href="#cite_note-237">[220]</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stanley_M._Davids&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stanley M. Davids (page does not exist)">Stanley M. Davids</a> was appointed as Central's senior rabbi the next year.<a href="#cite_note-Jewish_Post_19_February_1986_1986_f056-238">[221]</a> Concurrently, the congregation gained new members during the city's economic recovery,<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._83-234">[217]</a> and it had 1,300 or 1,400 families by the late 1980s.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._25-239">[222]</a><a href="#cite_note-nyt-1988-12-18-240">[223]</a> Central Synagogue began holding <a href="/wiki/Bar_and_bat_mitzvah" title="Bar and bat mitzvah">bar and bat mitzvahs</a> for adults in 1988 and hosted an estimated 150 adult bar and bat mitzvahs in the next seven years.<a href="#cite_note-Bruni_1995_n344-241">[224]</a> The main entrance doors were restored in 1988 in advance of Shaar Hashomayim's 150th anniversary,<a href="#cite_note-242">[225]</a> and the synagogue itself was rededicated that year.<a href="#cite_note-nyt-1988-12-18-240">[223]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1991_to_2013:_Rubinstein_leadership">1991 to 2013: Rubinstein leadership</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: 1991 to 2013: Rubinstein leadership">edit</a>]</div> Central selected Peter J. Rubinstein as its senior rabbi in 1991.<a href="#cite_note-Rosenblatt_2013_b920-243">[226]</a><a href="#cite_note-BG_p._29-244">[227]</a> Rubinstein was initially reluctant to join the congregation, as he wanted to wear a <a href="/wiki/Kippah" title="Kippah">kippah</a> (skullcap) and <a href="/wiki/Tallit" title="Tallit">tallit</a> (prayer shawl) during services, even though Central's previous clergy had not worn these things.<a href="#cite_note-Rosenblatt_2013_b920-243">[226]</a><a href="#cite_note-Brozan_Niebuhr_1999_h449-245">[228]</a> By the 1990s, the congregation included six affiliate organizations and 16 committees. Its budget had increased tenfold in three decades, not only because of inflation but also because of the additional operating costs and the need for renovations.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._27-148">[132]</a> Rubenstein further encouraged the congregation to support Israel through such activities as <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew language</a> classes and missions to Israel.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_pp._90–91-246">[229]</a> During the late 20th century, congregants also established or sponsored various social-advocacy programs to help people who were hungry, homeless, or had <a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS" title="HIV/AIDS">HIV/AIDS</a>.<a href="#cite_note-nyt-1988-12-18-240">[223]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gurock_pp._94–95-247">[230]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1990s_restorations">1990s restorations</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: 1990s restorations">edit</a>]</div> A renovation of Central Synagogue's facade began in 1995, at which point the renovation was scheduled to cost $500,000.<a href="#cite_note-Gray_1995_z635-44">[40]</a> <a href="/wiki/SLCE_Architects" title="SLCE Architects">SLCE Architects</a> was hired to design the initial renovation.<a href="#cite_note-Stern_(2006)_p._525-184">[168]</a> The Phyllis and Lee Coffey Foundation donated part of a $10 million bequest to Central Synagogue that year.<a href="#cite_note-248">[231]</a> At the time, Central Synagogue had an endowment fund of $10 million; the congregation hired a full-time development director in 1996 to raise money.<a href="#cite_note-Deutsch_1998_m494-249">[232]</a> By mid-1998, congregants had raised $16 million.<a href="#cite_note-Deutsch_1998_m494-249">[232]</a> The congregation temporarily relocated to its community house so the main building's roof, interior, and air conditioning systems could be renovated.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1998_m006-250">[233]</a> At the time, Central Synagogue had 1,400 families and was nearing capacity. During <a href="/wiki/High_Holy_Days" title="High Holy Days">High Holy Days</a>, which attracted up to 5,000 people, the synagogue had to host at least two services a day.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1998_m006-250">[233]</a><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Central_Synagogue_(05289).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Front stained glass and organ pipes (2019)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Central_Synagogue_%2805289%29.jpg/220px-Central_Synagogue_%2805289%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Central_Synagogue_%2805289%29.jpg/330px-Central_Synagogue_%2805289%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Central_Synagogue_%2805289%29.jpg/440px-Central_Synagogue_%2805289%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2322" data-file-height="2323" /></a><figcaption>The Gabe M. Wiener Memorial Organ, dedicated in 2002, replaced an organ that was destroyed in the 1999 fire.</figcaption></figure> On August 28, 1998, the synagogue <a href="/wiki/Construction_and_renovation_fires" title="Construction and renovation fires">caught fire while it was being renovated</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1998_m006-250">[233]</a><a href="#cite_note-251">[234]</a> Although there were no casualties, the interior was damaged extensively when firefighters used water to fight the flames. The fire also caused the weakened roof to collapse into the synagogue.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1998_m006-250">[233]</a> The synagogue's <a href="/wiki/Torah_scrolls" class="mw-redirect" title="Torah scrolls">Torah scrolls</a> and <a href="/wiki/Architectural_drawings" class="mw-redirect" title="Architectural drawings">architectural drawings</a> had been moved off-site before the fire,<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1998_m006-250">[233]</a><a href="#cite_note-252">[235]</a> and other artifacts such as a <a href="/wiki/Menorah_(Temple)" class="mw-redirect" title="Menorah (Temple)">menorah</a> survived the fire.<a href="#cite_note-Cauvin_1998-253">[236]</a> Almost 50 institutions offered temporary space to Central Synagogue, while people from around the world offered to help finance the synagogue's reconstruction.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1998_u236-254">[237]</a> The Israeli prime minister, <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Benjamin Netanyahu</a>, donated a <a href="/wiki/Mezuzah" title="Mezuzah">mezuzah</a> to the synagogue as well.<a href="#cite_note-255">[238]</a> Ultimately, the state government agreed to lease the <a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Armory" title="Park Avenue Armory">Park Avenue Armory</a> to the congregation for High Holy days celebrations,<a href="#cite_note-The_Associated_Press_1998_n450-256">[239]</a> and prayer books, Torah scrolls, and pews were moved to the armory.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1998_l7912-257">[240]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lieblich_1998-258">[241]</a> The congregation met at the community house for services.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1999-259">[242]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dunlap_2001_u337-260">[243]</a> The fire also displaced the Folksbiene,<a href="#cite_note-Lewine_1998_s955-261">[244]</a><a href="#cite_note-Josephs_1998-262">[245]</a> which moved from the synagogue's community house to Theater Four in West Midtown.<a href="#cite_note-Lewine_1998_n288-263">[246]</a><a href="#cite_note-Josephs_1998-262">[245]</a> The congregation decided to restore the synagogue's original appearance, rather than redesign it in a more modern style.<a href="#cite_note-264">[247]</a> The restoration was supervised by Hugh Hardy of <a href="/wiki/Hardy_Holzman_Pfeiffer" class="mw-redirect" title="Hardy Holzman Pfeiffer">Hardy Holzman Pfeiffer</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Stolzman_Stolzman_2004_p._117-265">[248]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bernstein_p._298-266">[249]</a> who was selected for the project in 1999.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1999-259">[242]</a><a href="#cite_note-267">[250]</a> <a href="/wiki/Thornton_Tomasetti" title="Thornton Tomasetti">Thornton Tomasetti</a> and LZA Technology were the engineers,<a href="#cite_note-AR_2001-11-268">[251]</a><a href="#cite_note-Barista_p._22-269">[252]</a> and DPK&A was the restoration consultant.<a href="#cite_note-Barista_p._22-269">[252]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dunlap_2001_u337-260">[243]</a> Various consultants were hired for other aspects of the project.<a href="#cite_note-Dunlap_2001_u337-260">[243]</a> The congregation hosted a groundbreaking ceremony for the renovation exactly one year after the fire.<a href="#cite_note-270">[253]</a> The renovation included restoring the original architectural detail, upgrading mechanical systems, deepening the basement, and rebuilding the roof.<a href="#cite_note-Civil_Engineering_1999-271">[254]</a><a href="#cite_note-AR_2001-11-268">[251]</a> Workers consulted various archives during the renovation;<a href="#cite_note-Hardy_pp._8–9-272">[255]</a> for example, they recreated the roof by looking at World War II-era surveillance photographs.<a href="#cite_note-Bernstein_p._298-266">[249]</a><a href="#cite_note-Barista_p._24-273">[256]</a> After the roof was completed at the end of 2000,<a href="#cite_note-Ortega_2000-274">[257]</a> Hardy then restored the interior.<a href="#cite_note-J._2001_k042-275">[258]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Bema" title="Bema">bimah</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Altar" title="Altar">altar</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/Audiovisual" title="Audiovisual">audiovisual</a> equipment were also upgraded.<a href="#cite_note-Ortega_2000-274">[257]</a> In total, 700 workers spent a combined million man-hours on the renovation.<a href="#cite_note-Keys_2001-276">[259]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2000s_and_early_2010s">2000s and early 2010s</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: 2000s and early 2010s">edit</a>]</div> By 2001, Central Synagogue had one of the United States' largest Jewish congregations with 4,000 people.<a href="#cite_note-The_Christian_Century_2001-277">[260]</a> The synagogue building was rededicated on September 9, 2001,<a href="#cite_note-Prial_2001-278">[261]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wadler_2001_n435-279">[262]</a> in advance of <a href="/wiki/Rosh_Hashanah" title="Rosh Hashanah">Rosh Hashanah</a>, the Jewish New Year.<a href="#cite_note-280">[263]</a> The project had cost almost $40 million,<a href="#cite_note-Barista_p._22-269">[252]</a><a href="#cite_note-Prial_2001-278">[261]</a> of which $16 million came from insurance payouts and $24 million from fundraising.<a href="#cite_note-Keys_2001-276">[259]</a> That October, the synagogue settled a lawsuit against <a href="/wiki/Turner_Construction" title="Turner Construction">Turner Construction</a>, the original renovation contractor whose worker had accidentally started the fire.<a href="#cite_note-Henriques_Eaton_2001_b073-281">[264]</a> The project received a Lucy G. Moses Preservation Award from the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Landmarks_Conservancy" title="New York Landmarks Conservancy">New York Landmarks Conservancy</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Brozan_2002_s160-282">[265]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/American_Institute_of_Architects" title="American Institute of Architects">American Institute of Architects</a> gave the project an honor award for the interior restoration.<a href="#cite_note-AR_2003-02-283">[266]</a> Following a $2.5 million donation from the businessman <a href="/wiki/Michael_A._Wiener" title="Michael A. Wiener">Michael A. Wiener</a> and his family, the synagogue dedicated the Gabe M. Wiener Memorial Organ in 2002, replacing an organ destroyed in the fire.<a href="#cite_note-Midgette_2002_w633-284">[267]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lower_Manhattan" title="Lower Manhattan">Lower Manhattan</a> (two days after the synagogue's reopening), the congregation hired additional security guards<a href="#cite_note-The_Christian_Century_2001-277">[260]</a> and added concrete bollards outside the building.<a href="#cite_note-Dunlap_2002_o6702-285">[268]</a> Rubinstein said that 400 families had joined the congregation in the three years following the fire, bringing the total membership to 1,700 families by 2001.<a href="#cite_note-286">[269]</a> Central Synagogue started publishing a monthly calendar in 2004 to replace its newsletter,<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._106-287">[270]</a> and it began hosting a concert series, Prism Concerts, in 2005.<a href="#cite_note-Midgette_2005_a608-288">[271]</a> The synagogue had reached its capacity of 2,000 families by 2007,<a href="#cite_note-Rosenblatt_2013_b920-243">[226]</a> and it was known as a "mega-shul".<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._106-287">[270]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hollander_p.-289">[272]</a><a href="#cite_note-291">[h]</a> Free livestreams of services began in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-nyt-2020-09-06-292">[274]</a> Central expanded its music program and school, launched programs to attract younger Jews, and formed partnerships with other synagogues. By 2011, the synagogue had 100 staff members, a $30 million endowment, and 80,000 square feet (7,400 m2) of space.<a href="#cite_note-Hollander_p.-289">[272]</a> Potential worshippers had to wait as long as three years to join the congregation.<a href="#cite_note-Rosenblatt_2013_b920-243">[226]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hollander_p.-289">[272]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2014_to_present:_Buchdahl_leadership">2014 to present: Buchdahl leadership</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: 2014 to present: Buchdahl leadership">edit</a>]</div> Rubinstein announced in March 2013 that he would resign from Central,<a href="#cite_note-Rosenblatt_2013_b920-243">[226]</a><a href="#cite_note-Berger_2013_v129-293">[275]</a> and the congregation's board recommended that its senior cantor, <a href="/wiki/Angela_Buchdahl" title="Angela Buchdahl">Angela Warnick Buchdahl</a>, be promoted as senior rabbi.<a href="#cite_note-Otterman_2013_i514-294">[276]</a> Buchdahl was installed as Central Synagogue's senior rabbi in 2014, becoming the first woman and the first Asian-American to hold that position.<a href="#cite_note-NPR_2014_r7772-295">[277]</a><a href="#cite_note-wsj-2014-01-18-296">[278]</a> In addition to the in-person membership, at least 20,000 worshippers attended services online.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._106-287">[270]</a><a href="#cite_note-wsj-2014-01-18-296">[278]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Broadcasting_Service" title="Jewish Broadcasting Service">Jewish Broadcasting Service</a> began broadcasting some of Central's holiday services in 2013 through its ShalomTV channel,<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._106-287">[270]</a><a href="#cite_note-King-Cohen_2013_r947-297">[279]</a> and it also began broadcasting Shabbat services the next year.<a href="#cite_note-Tablet_Magazine_2022_y127-298">[280]</a> The synagogue's sound system was upgraded in 2015 to accommodate the congregation's livestreams.<a href="#cite_note-299">[281]</a> In the early 2010s, the administration of Mayor <a href="/wiki/Michael_Bloomberg" title="Michael Bloomberg">Michael Bloomberg</a> proposed the Midtown East rezoning, which would allow <a href="/wiki/St._Bartholomew%27s_Episcopal_Church_(Manhattan)" title="St. Bartholomew's Episcopal Church (Manhattan)">St. Bartholomew's Church</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Patrick%27s_Cathedral_(Midtown_Manhattan)" title="St. Patrick's Cathedral (Midtown Manhattan)">St. Patrick's Cathedral</a>, and Central Synagogue to sell the <a href="/wiki/Air_rights" title="Air rights">air rights</a> above their buildings;<a href="#cite_note-nyt-2013-08-02-300">[282]</a> the three houses of worship were previously only allowed to sell their air rights to adjacent buildings, but there had been no potential buyers.<a href="#cite_note-301">[283]</a> The rezoning was approved in 2017,<a href="#cite_note-Levitt_2017_u276-302">[284]</a> allowing the three institutions to sell their air rights across a wider area.<a href="#cite_note-Elstein_2022_q963-303">[285]</a> Subsequently, Central sold some of its air rights to <a href="/wiki/JPMorgan_Chase" title="JPMorgan Chase">JPMorgan Chase</a> for the construction of <a href="/wiki/270_Park_Avenue_(2021%E2%80%93present)" title="270 Park Avenue (2021–present)">270 Park Avenue</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Financial_Times_j349-304">[286]</a> The synagogue needed $3.4 million in repairs, which had to be deferred until the air rights were sold.<a href="#cite_note-Hughes_2022_s122-305">[287]</a> In March 2019, the Islamic Society of Mid-Manhattan's nearby mosque was damaged by a fire;<a href="#cite_note-ABC7_New_York_2019_i977-306">[288]</a> at Buchdahl's invitation, the Islamic Society held services in the synagogue until the mosque was repaired.<a href="#cite_note-Feldman_Fisher_2019_l587-307">[289]</a> Central closed its building temporarily in March 2020 due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Ain_2020_t209-308">[290]</a> hosting services remotely for several months.<a href="#cite_note-Stack_2020_i190-309">[291]</a> During the pandemic shutdown, Central's <a href="/wiki/Rosh_Hashanah" title="Rosh Hashanah">Rosh Hashanah</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yom_Kippur" title="Yom Kippur">Yom Kippur</a> livestreams each recorded hundreds of thousands of viewers from around the world.<a href="#cite_note-Tablet_Magazine_2022_y127-298">[280]</a> In-person services had resumed by 2021, initially with strict capacity limits.<a href="#cite_note-310">[292]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Building">Building</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Building">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Central_Synagogue_(4691028563).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Refer to caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Central_Synagogue_%284691028563%29.jpg/220px-Central_Synagogue_%284691028563%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Central_Synagogue_%284691028563%29.jpg/330px-Central_Synagogue_%284691028563%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Central_Synagogue_%284691028563%29.jpg/440px-Central_Synagogue_%284691028563%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2832" data-file-height="3792" /></a><figcaption>The synagogue as seen at night</figcaption></figure> The synagogue building at 652 Lexington Avenue was designed by Henry Fernbach.<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._6-76">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-Stolzman_Stolzman_2004_p._113-311">[293]</a> It is the only remaining synagogue building designed by Fernbach, who also designed commercial buildings in Manhattan, as well as institutional buildings such as the German Savings Bank, <a href="/wiki/Harmonie_Club" title="Harmonie Club">Harmonie Club</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Orphan_Asylum_of_New_York" title="Hebrew Orphan Asylum of New York">Hebrew Orphan Asylum of New York</a>, and Staats-Zeitung Building.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._17-312">[294]</a> The structure incorporates a mixture of <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Egyptian architecture">Egyptian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moorish_architecture" title="Moorish architecture">Moorish</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Spanish_architecture" title="Spanish architecture">Spanish</a> architectural features, an allusion to the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_under_Muslim_rule" title="History of the Jews under Muslim rule">history of Jews in Muslim countries</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1998_j095-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._191-75">[64]</a> An Israelite article from 1870 described the building as a "Moorish Byzantic" structure;<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._17-312">[294]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._192-313">[295]</a> Central was one of several synagogues in the U.S. designed in such a style during the 1860s and 1870s.<a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._192-313">[295]</a> The New York Times cites the building as the state's oldest synagogue in continuous operation,<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1998_j095-13">[13]</a> and Central has been continuously used by a congregation for longer than any other synagogue in New York City.<a href="#cite_note-desrep-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Jackson_Keller_Flood_2010_p._226-314">[296]</a><a href="#cite_note-Atlas-315">[297]</a> Central is also Midtown Manhattan's only remaining 19th-century synagogue<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._49-316">[298]</a> and one of the <a href="/wiki/Oldest_synagogues_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldest synagogues in the United States">oldest existing synagogue buildings</a> in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-317">[299]</a> The site measures 100 by 140 feet (30 by 43 m) across;<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2023_o555-318">[300]</a> the synagogue occupies most of the site, measuring 93 feet (28 m) wide on Lexington Avenue and 140 feet (43 m) on 55th Street.<a href="#cite_note-Lanter_1872-35">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2023_o555-318">[300]</a><a href="#cite_note-Internet_Archive_2023_i152-319">[301]</a> The building narrows to 83 feet (25 m) at its rear on the western end.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2023_o555-318">[300]</a> When the building was constructed, Ahawath Chesed paid for custom street lights on the adjacent streets.<a href="#cite_note-Gray_1995_z635-44">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-NY1880-72">[61]</a> The current lanterns are replicas,<a href="#cite_note-Hardy_p._10-320">[302]</a> which were installed in 1989.<a href="#cite_note-Gray_1995_z635-44">[40]</a> The site was originally surrounded by residential buildings, which gave way to commercial buildings and office skyscrapers.<a href="#cite_note-Hardy_p._8-321">[303]</a> The synagogue still shares the block with several of these structures, including <a href="/wiki/William_and_Helen_Ziegler_House" title="William and Helen Ziegler House">116</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=122_East_55th_Street&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="122 East 55th Street (page does not exist)">122 East 55th Street</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Gray_1998_p.2-79">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-Postal_Dolkart_2008_p._451-322">[304]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Exterior">Exterior</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Exterior">edit</a>]</div> The facade shares some design features with those of the <a href="/wiki/Doh%C3%A1ny_Street_Synagogue" title="Dohány Street Synagogue">Dohány Street Synagogue</a> in <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a><a href="#cite_note-fromatoz-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-Stolzman_Stolzman_2004_p._113-311">[293]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Isaac_M._Wise_Temple" title="Isaac M. Wise Temple">Isaac M. Wise Temple</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a>, Ohio.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_pp._20–21-323">[305]</a> It is made of New Jersey brownstone, though some of the trim was sourced from Ohio.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2023_q431-74">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gray_1995_z635-44">[40]</a> The Ohio stone has a lighter yellow hue, contrasting with the dark brownstone.<a href="#cite_note-Gray_1995_z635-44">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._20-63">[56]</a> While other synagogues in New York City are generally oriented toward <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> in the east, Central Synagogue faces west. This is because the congregation wanted that land lot with the building's main entrance on Lexington Avenue.<a href="#cite_note-Gergely_2023_i099-324">[306]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Facade">Facade</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Facade">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Central_Synagogue_2012-09-10_16-12-08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The entrance of the synagogue as seen in 2012" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Central_Synagogue_2012-09-10_16-12-08.jpg/220px-Central_Synagogue_2012-09-10_16-12-08.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Central_Synagogue_2012-09-10_16-12-08.jpg/330px-Central_Synagogue_2012-09-10_16-12-08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Central_Synagogue_2012-09-10_16-12-08.jpg/440px-Central_Synagogue_2012-09-10_16-12-08.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1952" /></a><figcaption>Entrance to the synagogue (2012)</figcaption></figure> Central Synagogue's Lexington Avenue <a href="/wiki/Elevation_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elevation (architecture)">elevation</a> is divided vertically into three <a href="/wiki/Bay_(architecture)" title="Bay (architecture)">bays</a>, similar to the Dohány Street Synagogue.<a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._197-325">[307]</a> The central bay contains an entrance with three arches.<a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._197-325">[307]</a> The outermost bays also include "stair wings", which lead to side entrances that connect with the <a href="/wiki/Aisle" title="Aisle">aisles</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Gallery_(theatre)" title="Gallery (theatre)">gallery</a> level.<a href="#cite_note-Lanter_1872-35">[33]</a> These outer bays are based on the design of two structures that flank the Dohány Street Synagogue.<a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._197-325">[307]</a> The main stairway was shortened during a 2001 renovation;<a href="#cite_note-Nast_Goldberger_2001_p755-100">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dunlap_2001_u337-260">[243]</a> prior to the modifications, each step was 2 inches (51 mm) higher than normal.<a href="#cite_note-Dunlap_1999_y450-326">[308]</a> There is a geometric <a href="/wiki/Rose_window" title="Rose window">rose window</a> above the main entrance, as well as a small row of arches just below the cornice.<a href="#cite_note-desrep-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-nycland-5">[5]</a> The northern elevation, on 55th Street, has a wheelchair ramp from the sidewalk to the basement.<a href="#cite_note-Hardy_p._10-320">[302]</a> There are six double-height <a href="/wiki/Stained_glass" title="Stained glass">stained glass</a> windows each on the north (55th Street) and south elevation; these are topped by circular <a href="/wiki/Clerestory" title="Clerestory">clerestory</a> windows.<a href="#cite_note-Barista_p._24-273">[256]</a> A stone band stretches across the facade at the second story, passing through the stained-glass windows.<a href="#cite_note-desrep-2">[2]</a> One of the stained-glass windows is dedicated to <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Fire_Department" title="New York City Fire Department">New York City Fire Department</a> firefighters who responded to the 1998 fire and saved that window.<a href="#cite_note-Prial_2001-278">[261]</a> Almost all of the windows are replicas, as the original windows were mostly destroyed in the fire.<a href="#cite_note-Hardy_p._9-327">[309]</a><a href="#cite_note-Stern_(2006)_p._526-328">[310]</a> Two of the windows are replicas of the 1872 originals, while the other windows are replicas of windows that existed in 1998.<a href="#cite_note-Stern_(2006)_p._526-328">[310]</a> The exterior is dominated by two 112-foot-tall (34 m) octagonal towers.<a href="#cite_note-Gray_1995_z635-44">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lieblich_1998-258">[241]</a> They had been built against the advice of Ahawath Chesed's financial committee, which had wanted simpler structures.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._21-329">[311]</a> The tops of the onion-shaped domes are decorated with gilded bands.<a href="#cite_note-AR_2001-11-268">[251]</a><a href="#cite_note-Prial_2001-278">[261]</a> The modern-day domes are ornamented with 23-<a href="/wiki/Karat" class="mw-redirect" title="Karat">karat</a> gold leaf from Germany, and they also contain depictions of gold stars.<a href="#cite_note-Barista_p._24-273">[256]</a><a href="#cite_note-Prial_2001-278">[261]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hardy_p._10-320">[302]</a> The domes are topped by <a href="/wiki/Crenellation" class="mw-redirect" title="Crenellation">crenellations</a> made of <a href="/wiki/Fiberglass" title="Fiberglass">fiberglass</a>, which are replicas of the original <a href="/wiki/Galvanized_steel" class="mw-redirect" title="Galvanized steel">galvanized steel</a> crenellations.<a href="#cite_note-Barista_p._24-273">[256]</a> Two smaller copper finials were removed in the 1920s, and replicas were added to the roof in 2001.<a href="#cite_note-AR_2001-11-268">[251]</a><a href="#cite_note-Barista_p._24-273">[256]</a> There are also bands of <a href="/wiki/Cast_stone" title="Cast stone">cast stone</a> beneath the <a href="/wiki/Parapet" title="Parapet">parapets</a> of the towers.<a href="#cite_note-Barista_p._24-273">[256]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Roof">Roof</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Roof">edit</a>]</div> The slate roof, measuring 99 by 140 feet (30 by 43 m), is covered in 30,000 gray and red shingles.<a href="#cite_note-Barista_p._24-273">[256]</a> The modern roof, built in 1999,<a href="#cite_note-Dunlap_1999_y450-326">[308]</a> is a nearly exact replica of the original that existed between 1872 and the 1940s. Unlike the original roof, there is a layer of plywood and a protective membrane below the modern slate roof.<a href="#cite_note-Barista_pp._23–24-330">[312]</a> The modern roof also has five ventilators,<a href="#cite_note-Hardy_p._10-320">[302]</a> which supplement several restored <a href="/wiki/Victorian_architecture" title="Victorian architecture">Victorian</a>-style copper ventilators on the roof.<a href="#cite_note-Barista_p._24-273">[256]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hardy_p._10-320">[302]</a> The synagogue's bimah is illuminated by a <a href="/wiki/Skylight" title="Skylight">skylight</a> at the roof's western end. Under the skylight are three windows measuring 6 by 6 feet (1.8 by 1.8 m).<a href="#cite_note-Hardy_p._9-327">[309]</a><a href="#cite_note-Barista_p._24-273">[256]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interior">Interior</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Interior">edit</a>]</div> The building was restored in its original style after the 1998 fire.<a href="#cite_note-1000nycbldg-331">[313]</a> Sixty-nine hues were used, including shades of red, blue, brown, and gold. The decorations included geometric shapes such as circles and lines, in addition to motifs like small flowers and stars. Over five thousand stencils were used to decorate the interior,<a href="#cite_note-Nast_Goldberger_2001_p755-100">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-Stolzman_Stolzman_2004_p._113-311">[293]</a> and there are more than 200 distinct patterns on the walls.<a href="#cite_note-Keys_2001-276">[259]</a> The <a href="/wiki/AIA_Guide_to_New_York_City" title="AIA Guide to New York City">AIA Guide to New York City</a> described the interior as being "stenciled with rich blues, earthy reds, ocher, and gilt – Moorish, but distinctly 19th century American."<a href="#cite_note-aia-6">[6]</a> A source from the synagogue's opening described the interior as having <a href="/wiki/Arabesque" title="Arabesque">arabesque</a> ornamentation.<a href="#cite_note-Lanter_1872-35">[33]</a> The original bright interiors were toned down during the 2001 renovation, since modern illumination was more powerful than in the 1870s.<a href="#cite_note-Bernstein_p._302-332">[314]</a><a href="#cite_note-Stern_(2006)_pp._525–526-333">[315]</a> There is also woodwork, wainscoting, plasterwork, and floor tiles.<a href="#cite_note-AR_2001-11-268">[251]</a> The synagogue contains 70,000 tiles, including 30,000 replicas<a href="#cite_note-Hardy_p._9-327">[309]</a> manufactured in 2001 by the English firm that built the original tiles.<a href="#cite_note-Hardy_p._9-327">[309]</a><a href="#cite_note-Keys_2001-276">[259]</a> An air-conditioning system was installed in the synagogue in 2001.<a href="#cite_note-Dunlap_2001_u337-260">[243]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vestibule">Vestibule</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Vestibule">edit</a>]</div> Originally, the steps on Lexington Avenue led up to a vestibule measuring 17 by 34 feet (5.2 by 10.4 m) across. The vestibule had three doors leading into the main sanctuary and two leading to the gallery.<a href="#cite_note-Lanter_1872-35">[33]</a> The original lobby was located at the same level as the sanctuary,<a href="#cite_note-Nast_Goldberger_2001_p755-100">[86]</a> but the lobby was lowered by 14 inches (360 mm)<a href="#cite_note-Stern_(2006)_p._525-184">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dunlap_1999_y450-326">[308]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bernstein_p._302-332">[314]</a> or 24 inches (610 mm) during the synagogue's 2001 renovation.<a href="#cite_note-Nast_Goldberger_2001_p755-100">[86]</a> As part of the renovation, two steps in the lobby were removed and replaced with four new stairs in the sanctuary itself.<a href="#cite_note-Dunlap_1999_y450-326">[308]</a> According to the then-rabbi, Peter Rubenstein, the lowered lobby created the effect that one is "rising up into the sanctuary".<a href="#cite_note-Nast_Goldberger_2001_p755-100">[86]</a> Inside the vestibule were originally two sets of stairs, one of which was removed in the 2001 renovation.<a href="#cite_note-Hardy_p._10-320">[302]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sanctuary">Sanctuary</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Sanctuary">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Central_Synagogue_1-2_Panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Refer to caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Central_Synagogue_1-2_Panorama.jpg/220px-Central_Synagogue_1-2_Panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Central_Synagogue_1-2_Panorama.jpg/330px-Central_Synagogue_1-2_Panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Central_Synagogue_1-2_Panorama.jpg/440px-Central_Synagogue_1-2_Panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3314" data-file-height="3129" /></a><figcaption>The interior in 2010</figcaption></figure> The synagogue's sanctuary was arranged in a similar manner to a <a href="/wiki/Gothic_cathedrals_and_churches" title="Gothic cathedrals and churches">Gothic church</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NY1880-72">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-Internet_Archive_2023_i152-319">[301]</a> The interior is divided into two aisles, which flank a central <a href="/wiki/Nave" title="Nave">nave</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Civil_Engineering_1999-271">[254]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._17-312">[294]</a> Original plans had called for a sanctuary measuring 80 by 100 feet (24 by 30 m) across and 60 feet (18 m) tall.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2023_o555-318">[300]</a> The nave and the aisles are separated by wooden piers measuring 12 by 12 inches (30 by 30 cm) across; these support a <a href="/wiki/Clerestory" title="Clerestory">clerestory</a> above each of the aisles.<a href="#cite_note-Barista_p._22-269">[252]</a><a href="#cite_note-Civil_Engineering_1999-271">[254]</a> The woodwork is made of black walnut, with oak trim.<a href="#cite_note-NY1880-72">[61]</a> The rear end of the nave is 102 feet (31 m) from the organ gallery and contains the bimah, which was originally a raised platform with a <a href="/wiki/Pulpit" title="Pulpit">pulpit</a>. There was a <a href="/wiki/Church_tabernacle" title="Church tabernacle">tabernacle</a> behind an ornate arch leading from the rear of the nave.<a href="#cite_note-Lanter_1872-35">[33]</a> The original elevated, stationary bimah was replaced in 2001 by a movable bimah that can slide down toward the pews.<a href="#cite_note-Hardy_p._10-320">[302]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bernstein_p._302-332">[314]</a> The interior is divided into several sections, including the organ gallery, nave, and <a href="/wiki/Choir_(architecture)" title="Choir (architecture)">choir</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Internet_Archive_2023_i152-319">[301]</a> There was originally an organ gallery above the entrance leading from the lobby.<a href="#cite_note-Lanter_1872-35">[33]</a> The original three-<a href="/wiki/Manual_(organ)" class="mw-redirect" title="Manual (organ)">manual</a> organ in the gallery was built in 1872 by George Jardine & Son; it was replaced in 1937 by another three-manual organ, which burned down in 1998.<a href="#cite_note-Central_Synagogue_1998_y194-334">[316]</a> The current organ, the Gabe M. Wiener Memorial Organ, was dedicated in 2002<a href="#cite_note-Midgette_2002_w633-284">[267]</a><a href="#cite_note-Central_Synagogue_1998_y194-334">[316]</a> and has four manuals with a total of 4,345 pipes.<a href="#cite_note-Hardy_p._9-327">[309]</a><a href="#cite_note-Midgette_2002_w633-284">[267]</a> There is a smaller, two-manual organ at the bimah, which was installed in 2001.<a href="#cite_note-Central_Synagogue_1998_y194-334">[316]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Torah_ark" title="Torah ark">Torah ark</a> is placed at the west end of the sanctuary.<a href="#cite_note-NY1880-72">[61]</a> The ark is 38 feet (12 m) high<a href="#cite_note-Stern_(2006)_p._525-184">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bernstein_p._302-332">[314]</a> and is coated with worn-down gold sheeting.<a href="#cite_note-Dunlap_2001_u337-260">[243]</a> Central originally had a seating capacity of 1,500,<a href="#cite_note-Lanter_1872-35">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-NY1880-72">[61]</a> but this was reduced to 1,400 seats in 2001.<a href="#cite_note-Hardy_pp._9–10-335">[317]</a> Unusually for a <a href="/wiki/Reform_Judaism" title="Reform Judaism">Reform Jewish</a> synagogue, Central Synagogue contains a balcony. In contrast to <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Judaism" title="Orthodox Judaism">Orthodox Jewish</a> synagogues, where balconies are used to segregate the genders, Central Synagogue's balcony is used by both genders.<a href="#cite_note-Stolzman_Stolzman_2004_p._117-265">[248]</a> There are microphones, speakers, and cameras concealed within the balcony, allowing live broadcasts of services.<a href="#cite_note-Bernstein_p._302-332">[314]</a><a href="#cite_note-Biersdorfer_2002_h996-336">[318]</a> Each pew originally had eight seats<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._9-66">[57]</a> and bore the names of congregational members who paid for them.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._8-48">[42]</a> Some of the original stationary pews were replaced with movable pews in the late 1990s.<a href="#cite_note-Civil_Engineering_1999-271">[254]</a><a href="#cite_note-J._2001_k042-275">[258]</a> By 2001, the synagogue had 148 pews in total;<a href="#cite_note-J._2001_k042-275">[258]</a> the front rows have movable pews.<a href="#cite_note-Hollander_p.-289">[272]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hardy_pp._9–10-335">[317]</a> The current pews are made of milled wood. The pews directly beneath the balcony are positioned at a 45-degree angle toward the center of the nave. An elevator connects the balcony, main level, and basement.<a href="#cite_note-Hardy_p._10-320">[302]</a> The ceiling is decorated in a bright-blue color and is interspersed with eight-pointed gold stars.<a href="#cite_note-Bernstein_p._302-332">[314]</a><a href="#cite_note-Keys_2001-276">[259]</a> Twelve large chandeliers illuminate the main part of the sanctuary,<a href="#cite_note-Hardy_p._9-327">[309]</a><a href="#cite_note-Keys_2001-276">[259]</a> while twelve smaller chandeliers in the gallery and various <a href="/wiki/Accent_lighting" title="Accent lighting">accent lighting</a> fixtures provide additional illumination.<a href="#cite_note-Keys_2001-276">[259]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bernstein_p._302-332">[314]</a> There are also six bronze grilles on the ceiling, which contain star patterns.<a href="#cite_note-Hardy_p._9-327">[309]</a> The roof above the sanctuary measures 50 feet (15 m)<a href="#cite_note-Civil_Engineering_1999-271">[254]</a> or 62 feet (19 m) tall.<a href="#cite_note-NY1880-72">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-Internet_Archive_2023_i152-319">[301]</a> It is made of wooden beams measuring as much as 20 feet (6.1 m) long and 12 inches (300 mm) wide.<a href="#cite_note-Dunlap_1999_y450-326">[308]</a> When the roof was reconstructed, workers used wood because it is more fire-resistant than steel, even though steel can carry heavier loads.<a href="#cite_note-Dunlap_1999_y450-326">[308]</a><a href="#cite_note-Barista_pp._22–23-337">[319]</a> The roof is supported by seven timber trusses between the clerestory walls, measuring 35 feet (11 m)<a href="#cite_note-Hardy_p._10-320">[302]</a><a href="#cite_note-Barista_pp._22–23-337">[319]</a> or 40 feet (12 m) long.<a href="#cite_note-Civil_Engineering_1999-271">[254]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_spaces">Other spaces</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Other spaces">edit</a>]</div> The basement is placed on a foundation of solid rock.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2023_o555-318">[300]</a> The basement was originally supported by <a href="/wiki/Cast_iron" title="Cast iron">cast iron</a> columns atop 4-by-4-foot (1.2 by 1.2 m) piers.<a href="#cite_note-Civil_Engineering_1999-271">[254]</a> At the time of the synagogue's construction, religious buildings had only just started using cast-iron columns.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._21-329">[311]</a> When the Lexington Avenue synagogue was built, it did not have any offices, classrooms, or other ancillary spaces. As such, the basement was expanded during the synagogue's 1998–2001 renovation.<a href="#cite_note-Bernstein_pp._298,_302-338">[320]</a> The basement floor was lowered by 3 feet (0.91 m), while the cast iron columns were supported by sturdier steel columns.<a href="#cite_note-Civil_Engineering_1999-271">[254]</a> In addition, a multipurpose room and classrooms were built in the basement.<a href="#cite_note-AR_2001-11-268">[251]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bernstein_pp._298,_302-338">[320]</a> In contrast to the main sanctuary, the basement space contains little ornamentation.<a href="#cite_note-Stern_(2006)_p._526-328">[310]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commentary_and_landmark_designations">Commentary and landmark designations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Commentary and landmark designations">edit</a>]</div> When the current synagogue building was completed, one writer said that the building was "not so impressive" as Temple Emanu-El but also "less faulty".<a href="#cite_note-Lanter_1872-35">[33]</a> Hugh Hardy wrote that the building's "exterior form and detail were—and still are—in sharp contrast to other religious structures of the city".<a href="#cite_note-Hardy_p._8-321">[303]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Forward" title="The Forward">The Forward</a> said the building "practically oozed excess" and that its pulpit "placed the rabbi on a stage fit for a Broadway play."<a href="#cite_note-Keys_2001-276">[259]</a> Conversely, The Forward said that, in the years after the synagogue's completion, there were concerns that the synagogue's ornate design dissuaded congregants from talking among each other.<a href="#cite_note-Keys_2001-276">[259]</a> The <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Landmarks_Preservation_Commission" title="New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission">New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission</a> (LPC) described the brownstone exterior in 1966 as "the finest extant example of the Moorish Revival style in New York City".<a href="#cite_note-desrep-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-nycland-5">[5]</a> When the synagogue partially burned down in 1998, UAHC president <a href="/wiki/Alexander_M._Schindler" title="Alexander M. Schindler">Alexander M. Schindler</a> said the building had been "a place that made the spirit soar".<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1998_j095-13">[13]</a> A writer for The Forward said the synagogue had "a similar architectural effect to <a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame_de_Paris" title="Notre-Dame de Paris">Notre Dame</a> in Paris, or the <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_Saint_Demetrius" title="Cathedral of Saint Demetrius">Dmitrevsky Sobor</a> of Vladimir, Russia", and that the architecture had compelled congregants to worship.<a href="#cite_note-339">[321]</a> Following the 2001 restoration, architectural critic <a href="/wiki/Paul_Goldberger" title="Paul Goldberger">Paul Goldberger</a> wrote that "This isn't one of those old buildings that coddle you. It wakes you up."<a href="#cite_note-Nast_Goldberger_2001_p755-100">[86]</a> The New York Community Trust and <a href="/wiki/Municipal_Art_Society" title="Municipal Art Society">Municipal Art Society</a> installed a plaque outside Central Synagogue in 1958, commemorating the building's history.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1958_m847-340">[322]</a> The LPC designated the building as an official city landmark in 1966,<a href="#cite_note-Gray_1995_z635-44">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-Jackson_Keller_Flood_2010_p._226-314">[296]</a> three years after the LPC proposed designating it as one of the city's first official landmarks.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1963_s642-341">[323]</a> It was added to the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a> in 1970<a href="#cite_note-nris2007A-3">[3]</a> and was designated a <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a> in 1975.<a href="#cite_note-Jackson_Keller_Flood_2010_p._226-314">[296]</a><a href="#cite_note-342">[324]</a> A plaque marking the National Historic Landmark designation was placed outside the synagogue in 1976.<a href="#cite_note-King_1976-228">[211]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clergy">Clergy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Clergy">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cantor_Angela_Warnick_Buchdahl_(8575188810)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Portrait of senior rabbi Angela Buchdahl" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Cantor_Angela_Warnick_Buchdahl_%288575188810%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-Cantor_Angela_Warnick_Buchdahl_%288575188810%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Cantor_Angela_Warnick_Buchdahl_%288575188810%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/255px-Cantor_Angela_Warnick_Buchdahl_%288575188810%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Cantor_Angela_Warnick_Buchdahl_%288575188810%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/340px-Cantor_Angela_Warnick_Buchdahl_%288575188810%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2115" data-file-height="3200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Angela_Buchdahl" title="Angela Buchdahl">Angela Buchdahl</a> has been Central Synagogue's senior rabbi since 2014.<a href="#cite_note-NPR_2014_r7772-295">[277]</a></figcaption></figure> Central Synagogue's senior rabbi is <a href="/wiki/Angela_Buchdahl" title="Angela Buchdahl">Angela Buchdahl</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NPR_2014_r7772-295">[277]</a> Central's other clergy include senior cantor Dan Mutlu, cantor Jenna Pearsall, and rabbis Maurice A. Salth and Ari S. Lorge. Several rabbis also direct specific parts of the synagogue, including Sarah Berman, the adult education director; Hilly Haber, the social justice and education director; Andrew Kaplan Mandel, the online community engagement director; Rebecca Rosenthal, the youth and family education director; Lisa Rubin, the Center for Exploring Judaism director; Sivan Rotholz, the Adult Education director; J. Rubinstein, the rabbi emeritus; and Richard Botton, the cantor emeritus.<a href="#cite_note-343">[325]</a> Previous senior rabbis of Central Synagogue and its predecessors have included:<a href="#cite_note-Synagogue_2001_i593-27">[27]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Rabbi </th> <th>Congregation </th> <th>Start year </th> <th>End year </th> <th><abbr title="References">Refs.</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Max_Lilienthal" title="Max Lilienthal">Max Lilienthal</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">Shaar Hashomayim </td> <td>1845 </td> <td>1847 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._13-20">[20]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Lasker" title="Raphael Lasker">Raphael Lasker</a> </td> <td>1862 </td> <td>1871 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-JewishEncyclopedia.com_a962-22">[22]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Adolph_Huebsch" title="Adolph Huebsch">Adolph Huebsch</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">Ahawath Chesed </td> <td>1866 </td> <td>1884 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Huebsch_Huebsch_Wise_1885_p._7-51">[45]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kohut" title="Alexander Kohut">Alexander Kohut</a> </td> <td>1885 </td> <td>1894 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._11-57">[51]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Benjamin" title="Raphael Benjamin">Raphael Benjamin</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">Shaar Hashomayim </td> <td>1889 </td> <td>1894 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-:3-344">[326]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Solomon_H._Sonneschein" title="Solomon H. Sonneschein">Solomon Sonneschein</a> </td> <td>1895 </td> <td>1898<a href="#cite_note-merger-345">[i]</a> </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Synagogue_2001_i593-27">[27]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">David Davidson </td> <td>Ahawath Chesed </td> <td>1895 </td> <td>1898<a href="#cite_note-merger-345">[i]</a> </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-American_Jewish_Historical_Society_p._86-112">[98]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">Central Synagogue </td> <td>1898<a href="#cite_note-merger-345">[i]</a> </td> <td>1899 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Kohner_1899-125">[110]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Isaac_S._Moses" title="Isaac S. Moses">Isaac S. Moses</a> </td> <td>1901 </td> <td>1918 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._13-118">[104]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nathan Krass </td> <td>1918 </td> <td>1923 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._13-118">[104]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Samuel_Wise" title="Stephen Samuel Wise">Stephen Wise</a> </td> <td>Central and Free Synagogues </td> <td>1923<a href="#cite_note-346">[j]</a> </td> <td>1925 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1925_t190-160">[144]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jonah_Wise" title="Jonah Wise">Jonah Wise</a> </td> <td rowspan="6">Central Synagogue </td> <td>1925 </td> <td>1959 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1959_j168-180">[164]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>David J. Seligson </td> <td>1959 </td> <td>1972 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Goodstein_1999_f800-205">[188]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Zimmerman" title="Sheldon Zimmerman">Sheldon Zimmerman</a> </td> <td>1972 </td> <td>1985 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._77-223">[206]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Stanley M. Davids </td> <td>1986 </td> <td>1991 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Synagogue_2001_i593-27">[27]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Peter J. Rubinstein </td> <td>1991 </td> <td>2014 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Rosenblatt_2013_b920-243">[226]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Angela_Buchdahl" title="Angela Buchdahl">Angela Buchdahl</a> </td> <td>2014 </td> <td>Present </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-NPR_2014_r7772-295">[277]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> Central Synagogue has had numerous <a href="/wiki/Laity" title="Laity">lay</a> presidents, who were not part of the clergy<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._72-347">[327]</a> but controlled its governance.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._11-348">[328]</a> All the lay presidents were men until the 1980s. Although the lay presidents' wives were named to the synagogue's board of trustees, in practice they deferred to their husbands.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._72-347">[327]</a> Central's presidents in the early 21st century have included <a href="/wiki/Abigail_Pogrebin" title="Abigail Pogrebin">Abigail Pogrebin</a><a href="#cite_note-349">[329]</a> and Shonni Silverberg.<a href="#cite_note-350">[330]</a> As of 2024<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit">[update]</a>, Jon May is Central's president.<a href="#cite_note-351">[331]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Services_and_programs">Services and programs</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Services and programs">edit</a>]</div> As of 2024<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit">[update]</a>, Central hosts numerous weekly services, including a morning <a href="/wiki/Minyan" title="Minyan">minyan</a>, two Shabbat services (one each on Friday and Saturday), and a Shabbat <a href="/wiki/Mishkan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mishkan">mishkan</a> service.<a href="#cite_note-352">[332]</a> Since the 2010s, some of the synagogue's services have been broadcast online.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._106-287">[270]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tablet_Magazine_2022_y127-298">[280]</a> Central charges membership dues,<a href="#cite_note-353">[333]</a> which have sometimes been waived for worshippers who could not afford them.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._107-354">[334]</a> Over the years, Central has also had various affiliate organizations and committees.<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._27-148">[132]</a> During much of the mid-20th century, the Central Synagogue Brotherhood sponsored <a href="/wiki/Boy_Scouts_of_America" title="Boy Scouts of America">Boy Scouts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Girl_Scouts_of_the_USA" title="Girl Scouts of the USA">Girl Scouts</a> programs, adult education, synagogue usher services, and programs for the blind.<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._14-172">[156]</a> The congregation has continued to offer these programs through the 21st century.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._107-354">[334]</a> As of 2024<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit">[update]</a>, Central operates a nursery for children under 5 years old, and a religious school.<a href="#cite_note-355">[335]</a> Docents also lead tours of the synagogue once a week.<a href="#cite_note-CBS_New_York_2015_e049-356">[336]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Community_houses">Community houses</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Community houses">edit</a>]</div> Central Synagogue's first community house opened in 1927 at 35 East 62nd Street.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1927_l447-168">[152]</a> The structure had been built in 1905 as Miss Keller's School for Girls.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._47-151">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gray_1992_a567-357">[337]</a> The facility, serving as Central's social center,<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._42-169">[153]</a> had space for the congregation's offices, library, and 300 religious-school students.<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._13-118">[104]</a> It hosted the Temple Brotherhood's events and meetings, as well as the Women's Organization's dances, meetings, exhibits, and classes.<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._42-169">[153]</a> The community house included a meeting room, built in 1947 and named after Julius and Hilda Loeb.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1947_s718-358">[338]</a> After Central moved out of the building, it became a school and a residence.<a href="#cite_note-Gray_1992_a567-357">[337]</a> Central Synagogue operates the Phyllis and Lee Coffey Community House,<a href="#cite_note-Jackson_Keller_Flood_2010_p._226-314">[296]</a><a href="#cite_note-Morgan_1997_p._382-359">[339]</a> which is housed in a nine-story granite structure at 125 East 55th Street designed by <a href="/wiki/Kahn_and_Jacobs" class="mw-redirect" title="Kahn and Jacobs">Kahn and Jacobs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1967_j507-213">[196]</a> The current community house was completed in September 1967.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1967_j507-213">[196]</a><a href="#cite_note-New_York_Daily_News_1967-214">[197]</a> The center includes a 450-seat sanctuary with fused-glass panels, in addition to an auditorium and theater, meeting rooms, and 16 classrooms.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1967_j507-213">[196]</a> It houses the synagogue's collection of artifacts, as well as its religious school, a gift shop, and various spaces for other activities.<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._18-360">[340]</a> When the community house opened, it was used by the Boy and Girl Scouts, blind and deaf persons' organizations, and the <a href="/wiki/American_Red_Cross" title="American Red Cross">American Red Cross</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1967_j507-213">[196]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Artifacts">Artifacts</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Artifacts">edit</a>]</div> Central Synagogue contains a collection of Jewish artifacts.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1998_m006-250">[233]</a> A Torah from the Czech town of <a href="/wiki/Lipn%C3%ADk_(Mlad%C3%A1_Boleslav_District)" title="Lipník (Mladá Boleslav District)">Lipnik</a>, which was printed in the early 19th century and owned by the <a href="/wiki/Memorial_Scrolls_Trust" class="mw-redirect" title="Memorial Scrolls Trust">Memorial Scrolls Trust</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Esterow_2024_j771-361">[341]</a> was loaned to Central in 1967.<a href="#cite_note-Young_2020_w775-362">[342]</a> Prior to 1998, Central also contained two brass menorahs measuring 3 feet (0.91 m) high.<a href="#cite_note-Cauvin_1998-253">[236]</a> One of the menorahs was fabricated in the 18th century and was a bequest from one of the congregation's founding members.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1998_j095-13">[13]</a> In the mid-20th century, the congregation also owned three <a href="/wiki/Shofar" title="Shofar">shofar</a> musical horns.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1963_k841-363">[343]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Notable people">edit</a>]</div> The synagogue has had numerous notable members, some of whom have had their funerals there.<a href="#cite_note-fromatoz-14">[14]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Ackman" title="Bill Ackman">Bill Ackman</a>, hedge fund manager<a href="#cite_note-Mallozzi_2019_i760-364">[344]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Belasco" title="David Belasco">David Belasco</a>, theatrical producer<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1931_w244-365">[345]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Fedida" title="Barbara Fedida">Barbara Fedida</a>, news executive<a href="#cite_note-366">[346]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Furman" title="Jay Furman">Jay Furman</a>, real estate developer<a href="#cite_note-Lidgett_2015_k936-367">[347]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_B._Hamburger" title="Samuel B. Hamburger">Samuel B. Hamburger</a>, lawyer<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1926_v531-368">[348]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_M._Goldfogle" title="Henry M. Goldfogle">Henry M. Goldfogle</a>, U.S. representative<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1929_b401-369">[349]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_K._Javits" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacob K. Javits">Jacob K. Javits</a>, U.S. senator<a href="#cite_note-Berger_1986_w9302-370">[350]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Lauder" title="Evelyn Lauder">Evelyn Lauder</a>, businesswoman, socialite, and philanthropist<a href="#cite_note-Naughton_Born_2011_x049-371">[351]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Lauder" title="Ronald Lauder">Ronald Lauder</a>, businessman<a href="#cite_note-Hollander_p.-289">[272]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Michaels" title="Howard Michaels">Howard Michaels</a>, real estate developer<a href="#cite_note-Rebong_Samtani_Brenzel_2018_o059-372">[352]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neri_Oxman" title="Neri Oxman">Neri Oxman</a>, designer and professor<a href="#cite_note-Mallozzi_2019_i760-364">[344]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Pressman" title="Fred Pressman">Fred Pressman</a>, fashion executive<a href="#cite_note-373">[353]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Ravitch" title="Richard Ravitch">Richard Ravitch</a>, transportation executive<a href="#cite_note-Cuza_2023_n655-374">[354]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Richman" title="Julia Richman">Julia Richman</a>, educator<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._27-375">[355]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._M._Rosenthal" title="A. M. Rosenthal">A. M. Rosenthal</a>, journalist<a href="#cite_note-Barron_2006_s119-376">[356]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Roxy_Rothafel" title="Samuel Roxy Rothafel">Samuel Roxy Rothafel</a>, theatrical operator<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1936_v432-377">[357]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Rudin" title="Lewis Rudin">Lewis Rudin</a>, real estate investor and developer<a href="#cite_note-378">[358]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Speyer" title="Jerry Speyer">Jerry Speyer</a>, real estate developer<a href="#cite_note-Hollander_p.-289">[272]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Susman" title="Stephen Susman">Stephen Susman</a>, attorney<a href="#cite_note-379">[359]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Tisch" title="Jonathan Tisch">Jonathan Tisch</a>, businessman<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1988_z477-380">[360]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_A._Tisch" class="mw-redirect" title="Laurence A. Tisch">Laurence A. Tisch</a>, businessman and investor<a href="#cite_note-Lipman_2003_n255-381">[361]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morris_C._Troper" title="Morris C. Troper">Morris C. Troper</a>, accountant<a href="#cite_note-382">[362]</a></li></ul> </div> It has also hosted memorial services, including those for <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a><a href="#cite_note-383">[363]</a> and first responders who died in the September 11 attacks.<a href="#cite_note-384">[364]</a> The synagogue has also hosted weddings, such as those of the businessman Jonathan Tisch,<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1988_z477-380">[360]</a> the TV anchor <a href="/wiki/Maria_Bartiromo" title="Maria Bartiromo">Maria Bartiromo</a>,<a href="#cite_note-385">[365]</a> and Bill Ackman and Neri Oxman.<a href="#cite_note-Mallozzi_2019_i760-364">[344]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_New_York_City" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in New York City">List of National Historic Landmarks in New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Designated_Landmarks_in_Manhattan_from_14th_to_59th_Streets" title="List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan from 14th to 59th Streets">List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan from 14th to 59th Streets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_synagogues_in_the_United_States" title="List of synagogues in the United States">List of synagogues in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_from_14th_to_59th_Streets" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan from 14th to 59th Streets">National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan from 14th to 59th Streets</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> Explanatory notes <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-inflation-US-33">^ <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_33-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_33-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_33-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_33-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_33-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_33-5">f</a> 1634–1699: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMcCusker1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_J._McCusker" title="John J. McCusker">McCusker, J. J.</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44525121.pdf">How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/American_Antiquarian_Society" title="American Antiquarian Society">American Antiquarian Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Much+Is+That+in+Real+Money%3F+A+Historical+Price+Index+for+Use+as+a+Deflator+of+Money+Values+in+the+Economy+of+the+United+States%3A+Addenda+et+Corrigenda&rft.pub=American+Antiquarian+Society&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=McCusker&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanantiquarian.org%2Fproceedings%2F44525121.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> 1700–1799: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCusker1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_J._McCusker" title="John J. McCusker">McCusker, J. J.</a> (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44517778.pdf">How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/American_Antiquarian_Society" title="American Antiquarian Society">American Antiquarian Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Much+Is+That+in+Real+Money%3F+A+Historical+Price+Index+for+Use+as+a+Deflator+of+Money+Values+in+the+Economy+of+the+United+States&rft.pub=American+Antiquarian+Society&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=McCusker&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanantiquarian.org%2Fproceedings%2F44517778.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> 1800–present: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFederal_Reserve_Bank_of_Minneapolis" class="citation web cs1">Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.minneapolisfed.org/about-us/monetary-policy/inflation-calculator/consumer-price-index-1800-">"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–"</a>. Retrieved February 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Consumer+Price+Index+%28estimate%29+1800%E2%80%93&rft.au=Federal+Reserve+Bank+of+Minneapolis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.minneapolisfed.org%2Fabout-us%2Fmonetary-policy%2Finflation-calculator%2Fconsumer-price-index-1800-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-inflation-USGDP-45">^ <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-USGDP_45-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-USGDP_45-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-USGDP_45-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-USGDP_45-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-USGDP_45-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnstonWilliamson2023" class="citation web cs1">Johnston, Louis; Williamson, Samuel H. (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.measuringworth.com/datasets/usgdp/">"What Was the U.S. GDP Then?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/MeasuringWorth" title="MeasuringWorth">MeasuringWorth</a>. Retrieved November 30, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MeasuringWorth&rft.atitle=What+Was+the+U.S.+GDP+Then%3F&rft.date=2023&rft.aulast=Johnston&rft.aufirst=Louis&rft.au=Williamson%2C+Samuel+H.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.measuringworth.com%2Fdatasets%2Fusgdp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> United States <a href="/wiki/Gross_Domestic_Product_deflator" class="mw-redirect" title="Gross Domestic Product deflator">Gross Domestic Product deflator</a> figures follow the MeasuringWorth series. </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> Sources disagree on whether the most expensive pews cost $1,230<a href="#cite_note-BG_p._9-66">[57]</a> or $1,250.<a href="#cite_note-Bush_p._189-56">[50]</a> This is equivalent to between $28,155 and $28,613 in 2023.<a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-33">[a]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> Different sources have called it the Seder Tefilah (with one "l")<a href="#cite_note-Gurock_p._18-80">[68]</a> or Seder Tefillah (with two "l"s).<a href="#cite_note-Zola_p._32-81">[69]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> Slightly different spellings have been used, e.g. Ahawath Chesed Shaaray Hashomayim<a href="#cite_note-119">[105]</a> or Ahavat Chesed Shaarey Hashomayim.<a href="#cite_note-120">[106]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> Contemporary sources reported the name change in conjunction with Moses's retirement and Krass's selection, which took place at the end of 1917.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1917_w202-144">[129]</a> One source gives a differing date of 1920 for when Central Synagogue began using its new name.<a href="#cite_note-FSR_p._13-118">[104]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> A <a href="/wiki/New_York_Herald_Tribune" title="New York Herald Tribune">New York Herald Tribune</a> article describes Habonim as having continued to use Central's community house until Habonim's new synagogue opened in 1958.<a href="#cite_note-187">[171]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-291"><a href="#cite_ref-291">^</a> "Shul" is the <a href="/wiki/Yiddish" title="Yiddish">Yiddish</a> term for "synagogue".<a href="#cite_note-Singer_2018_j799-290">[273]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-merger-345">^ <a href="#cite_ref-merger_345-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-merger_345-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-merger_345-2">c</a> Ahawath Chesed and Shaar Hashomayim merged into one congregation in 1898. David Davidson took over the combined congregation. </li> <li id="cite_note-346"><a href="#cite_ref-346">^</a> Wise was the senior rabbi at the <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Wise_Free_Synagogue" title="Stephen Wise Free Synagogue">Stephen Wise Free Synagogue</a> prior to 1923, when the Free Synagogue merged with Central Synagogue.<a href="#cite_note-Dolkart_p._48-156">[140]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> Inflation figures <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-roman"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> About $2,054 in 2023<a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-33">[a]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> About $3,662 in 2023<a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-33">[a]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> About $53 in 2023<a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-33">[a]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> About $381,400 in 2023<a href="#cite_note-inflation-USGDP-45">[b]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> About $1,286,785 in 2023<a href="#cite_note-inflation-USGDP-45">[b]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> About $1,182,011 in 2023<a href="#cite_note-inflation-USGDP-45">[b]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> Between $3,434 and $27,468 in 2023<a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-33">[a]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> About $813,777 or $1,118,943 in 2023<a href="#cite_note-inflation-USGDP-45">[b]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> Equivalent to between $6,358,000 and $6,932,000 in 2023<a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-33">[a]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> Equivalent to between $149,841 and $209,777 in 2023<a href="#cite_note-inflation-USGDP-45">[b]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Citations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Cultural_Resource_Information_System-1"><a href="#cite_ref-Cultural_Resource_Information_System_1-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cris.parks.ny.gov/">"Cultural Resource Information System (CRIS)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Office_of_Parks,_Recreation_and_Historic_Preservation" title="New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation">New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation</a>. November 7, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20190404141934/https://cris.parks.ny.gov/">Archived</a> from the original on April 4, 2019. Retrieved July 20, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cultural+Resource+Information+System+%28CRIS%29&rft.pub=New+York+State+Office+of+Parks%2C+Recreation+and+Historic+Preservation&rft.date=2014-11-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcris.parks.ny.gov%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-desrep-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-desrep_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-desrep_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-desrep_2-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-desrep_2-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-desrep_2-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-desrep_2-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/lp/0276.pdf">Central Synagogue Designation Report</a> (PDF) (Report). <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Landmarks_Preservation_Commission" title="New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission">New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission</a>. July 7, 1966. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231214043120/https://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/lp/0276.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on December 14, 2023. Retrieved April 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Central+Synagogue+Designation+Report&rft.pub=New+York+City+Landmarks+Preservation+Commission&rft.date=1966-07-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fs-media.nyc.gov%2Fagencies%2Flpc%2Flp%2F0276.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nris2007A-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nris2007A_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nris2007A_3-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cdn.loc.gov/service/ll/fedreg/fr044/fr044026/fr044026.pdf">"Federal Register: 44 Fed. Reg. 7107 (Feb. 6, 1979)"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>. February 6, 1979. p. 7538 (PDF p. 338). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161230122005/http://cdn.loc.gov/service/ll/fedreg/fr044/fr044026/fr044026.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on December 30, 2016. Retrieved March 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Federal+Register%3A+44+Fed.+Reg.+7107+%28Feb.+6%2C+1979%29&rft.pages=7538+%28PDF+p.+338%29&rft.pub=Library+of+Congress&rft.date=1979-02-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcdn.loc.gov%2Fservice%2Fll%2Ffedreg%2Ffr044%2Ffr044026%2Ffr044026.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nhlsum-4"><a href="#cite_ref-nhlsum_4-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090714061916/http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=951&ResourceType=Building">"Central Synagogue"</a>. National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. September 10, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=951&ResourceType=Building">the original</a> on July 14, 2009. Retrieved September 10, 2007</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Historic+Landmark+summary+listing&rft.atitle=Central+Synagogue&rft.date=2007-09-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftps.cr.nps.gov%2Fnhl%2Fdetail.cfm%3FResourceId%3D951%26ResourceType%3DBuilding&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPitts1975" class="citation web cs1">Pitts, Carolyn (February 2, 1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/GetAsset/NHLS/70000423_text">"National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Central Synagogue"</a> (pdf). National Park Service. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231114181143/https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/GetAsset/NHLS/70000423_text">Archived</a> from the original on November 14, 2023. Retrieved April 29, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Register+of+Historic+Places+Inventory-Nomination%3A+Central+Synagogue&rft.pub=National+Park+Service&rft.date=1975-02-02&rft.aulast=Pitts&rft.aufirst=Carolyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnpgallery.nps.gov%2FNRHP%2FGetAsset%2FNHLS%2F70000423_text&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/GetAsset/NHLS/70000423_photos">Accompanying 5 photos, exterior and interior, from 1973 and undated</a> (1.53 MB) </li> <li id="cite_note-nycland-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nycland_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nycland_5-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nycland_5-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nycland_5-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNew_York_City_Landmarks_Preservation_CommissionDolkartPostal2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Landmarks_Preservation_Commission" title="New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission">New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission</a>; <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Dolkart" title="Andrew Dolkart">Dolkart, Andrew S.</a>; Postal, Matthew A. 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(2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yM8DgAes3y0C&pg=PA2">The Synagogues of New York's Lower East Side:: A Retrospective and Contemporary View, 2nd Edition</a>. Fordham University Press. p. 2. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8232-5000-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8232-5000-4"><bdi>978-0-8232-5000-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240418221718/https://books.google.com/books?id=yM8DgAes3y0C&pg=PA2">Archived</a> from the original on April 18, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Synagogues+of+New+York%27s+Lower+East+Side%3A%3A+A+Retrospective+and+Contemporary+View%2C+2nd+Edition&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=Fordham+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-8232-5000-4&rft.aulast=Wolfe&rft.aufirst=G.R.&rft.au=Fine%2C+J.R.&rft.au=Borden%2C+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyM8DgAes3y0C%26pg%3DPA2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_p._12-31">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._12_31-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._12_31-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._12_31-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, p. 12. </li> <li id="cite_note-Zola_p._20-32">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Zola_p._20_32-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zola_p._20_32-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zola_p._20_32-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFZola2008">Zola 2008</a>, p. 20. </li> <li id="cite_note-Lanter_1872-35">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lanter_1872_35-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lanter_1872_35-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lanter_1872_35-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lanter_1872_35-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lanter_1872_35-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lanter_1872_35-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lanter_1872_35-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lanter_1872_35-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lanter_1872_35-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lanter_1872_35-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lanter_1872_35-10">k</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLanter1872" class="citation news cs1">Lanter, Magic (May 3, 1872). "Consecration of Ahawath Chesed Temple, on Lexington avenue and Fifty-fifth street". The Israelite. p. 6. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/892477726">892477726</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Israelite&rft.atitle=Consecration+of+Ahawath+Chesed+Temple%2C+on+Lexington+avenue+and+Fifty-fifth+street&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1872-05-03&rft.aulast=Lanter&rft.aufirst=Magic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-American_Jewish_Historical_Society_1909_p._216-36"><a href="#cite_ref-American_Jewish_Historical_Society_1909_p._216_36-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmerican_Jewish_Historical_Society1909" class="citation book cs1">American Jewish Historical Society (1909). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4foqAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA216">Publications of the American Jewish Historical Society</a>. American Jewish Historical Society. p. 216. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240430005842/https://books.google.com/books?id=4foqAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA216#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on April 30, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Publications+of+the+American+Jewish+Historical+Society&rft.pages=216&rft.pub=American+Jewish+Historical+Society.&rft.date=1909&rft.au=American+Jewish+Historical+Society&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4foqAQAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA216&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2023_x333-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_2023_x333_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_2023_x333_37-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_2023_x333_37-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1870/12/15/archives/new-jewish-temple-laying-the-cornerstone-interesting.html">"New Jewish Temple; Laying the Corner-Stone – Interesting Ceremonies—English and German Orations"</a>. The New York Times. December 15, 1870. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240419185641/https://www.nytimes.com/1870/12/15/archives/new-jewish-temple-laying-the-cornerstone-interesting.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Jewish+Temple%3B+Laying+the+Corner-Stone+%E2%80%93+Interesting+Ceremonies%E2%80%94English+and+German+Orations.&rft.date=1870-12-15&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1870%2F12%2F15%2Farchives%2Fnew-jewish-temple-laying-the-cornerstone-interesting.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FSR_p._4-39">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._4_39-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._4_39-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._4_39-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._4_39-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._4_39-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFFuldStoneRoss1979">Fuld, Stone & Ross 1979</a>, p. 4. </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_p._16-41">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._16_41-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._16_41-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, p. 16. </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_p._17-42">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._17_42-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._17_42-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, p. 17. </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Israelite_1864-43">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Israelite_1864_43-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Israelite_1864_43-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Israelite_1864_43-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Domestic Record: the Consecration of the Ahavath Chesed Temple of New York". 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The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240419000440/https://www.nytimes.com/1995/04/02/realestate/streetscapes-central-synagogue-a-500000-restoration-of-an-1872-masterwork.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 18, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Streetscapes%2FCentral+Synagogue%3B+A+%24500%2C000+Restoration+of+an+1872+Masterwork&rft.date=1995-04-02&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F04%2F02%2Frealestate%2Fstreetscapes-central-synagogue-a-500000-restoration-of-an-1872-masterwork.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dolkart_p._15-47">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._15_47-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._15_47-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._15_47-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._15_47-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._15_47-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFDolkart2001">Dolkart 2001</a>, p. 15. </li> <li id="cite_note-BG_p._8-48">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._8_48-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._8_48-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003">Blackmar & Goren 2003</a>, p. 8. </li> <li id="cite_note-Zola_pp._24–25-49"><a href="#cite_ref-Zola_pp._24–25_49-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFZola2008">Zola 2008</a>, pp. 24–25. </li> <li id="cite_note-Cohen_2019_p._190-50"><a href="#cite_ref-Cohen_2019_p._190_50-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCohen2019" class="citation book cs1">Cohen, J.M. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hs-IDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA190">Jewish Religious Music in Nineteenth-Century America: Restoring the Synagogue Soundtrack</a>. Indiana University Press. p. 190. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-253-04024-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-253-04024-4"><bdi>978-0-253-04024-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240419175351/https://books.google.com/books?id=hs-IDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA190">Archived</a> from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jewish+Religious+Music+in+Nineteenth-Century+America%3A+Restoring+the+Synagogue+Soundtrack&rft.pages=190&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-0-253-04024-4&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=J.M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dhs-IDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA190&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Huebsch_Huebsch_Wise_1885_p._7-51">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Huebsch_Huebsch_Wise_1885_p._7_51-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Huebsch_Huebsch_Wise_1885_p._7_51-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Huebsch_Huebsch_Wise_1885_p._7_51-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuebsch1885" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Huebsch, Adolph (1885). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7g-UInvuzYkC&pg=PR7">Rev. Dr. Adolph Huebsch: Late Rabbi of the Ahawath Chesed Congregation, New York. A Memorial</a> (in German). A.L. Goetzl. p. 7. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240419175349/https://books.google.com/books?id=7g-UInvuzYkC&pg=PR7">Archived</a> from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rev.+Dr.+Adolph+Huebsch%3A+Late+Rabbi+of+the+Ahawath+Chesed+Congregation%2C+New+York.+A+Memorial&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=A.L.+Goetzl&rft.date=1885&rft.aulast=Huebsch&rft.aufirst=Adolph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7g-UInvuzYkC%26pg%3DPR7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Adam_2005_p._519-52"><a href="#cite_ref-Adam_2005_p._519_52-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdam2005" class="citation book cs1">Adam, Thomas (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-kTPEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA519">Germany and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History [3 volumes]</a>. Transatlantic Relations. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 519. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85109-633-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85109-633-6"><bdi>978-1-85109-633-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240419175352/https://books.google.com/books?id=-kTPEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA519">Archived</a> from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Germany+and+the+Americas%3A+Culture%2C+Politics%2C+and+History+%5B3+volumes%5D&rft.series=Transatlantic+Relations&rft.pages=519&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-85109-633-6&rft.aulast=Adam&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-kTPEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA519&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dolkart_p._10-53"><a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._10_53-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDolkart2001">Dolkart 2001</a>, p. 10. </li> <li id="cite_note-Zola_pp._30–32-54"><a href="#cite_ref-Zola_pp._30–32_54-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFZola2008">Zola 2008</a>, pp. 30–32. </li> <li id="cite_note-Zola_p._26-55">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Zola_p._26_55-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zola_p._26_55-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFZola2008">Zola 2008</a>, p. 26. </li> <li id="cite_note-Bush_p._189-56">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bush_p._189_56-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bush_p._189_56-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bush_p._189_56-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bush_p._189_56-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bush_p._189_56-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bush_p._189_56-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bush_p._189_56-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bush_p._189_56-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bush_p._189_56-8">i</a> <a href="#CITEREFBush2004">Bush 2004</a>, p. 189. </li> <li id="cite_note-Dolkart_p._11-57">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._11_57-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._11_57-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._11_57-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._11_57-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFDolkart2001">Dolkart 2001</a>, p. 11. </li> <li id="cite_note-Zola_p._25-58"><a href="#cite_ref-Zola_p._25_58-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFZola2008">Zola 2008</a>, p. 25. </li> <li id="cite_note-Dolkart_pp._11–12-59">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_pp._11–12_59-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_pp._11–12_59-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFDolkart2001">Dolkart 2001</a>, pp. 11–12. </li> <li id="cite_note-Dolkart_pp._12–13-60"><a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_pp._12–13_60-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDolkart2001">Dolkart 2001</a>, pp. 12–13. </li> <li id="cite_note-Dolkart_p._13-61">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._13_61-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._13_61-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFDolkart2001">Dolkart 2001</a>, p. 13. </li> <li id="cite_note-Dolkart_p._20-63">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._20_63-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._20_63-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFDolkart2001">Dolkart 2001</a>, p. 20. </li> <li id="cite_note-BG_p._9-66">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._9_66-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._9_66-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._9_66-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003">Blackmar & Goren 2003</a>, p. 9. </li> <li id="cite_note-BG_p._9–10-68"><a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._9–10_68-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003">Blackmar & Goren 2003</a>, pp. 9–10. </li> <li id="cite_note-Dolkart_p._23-70">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._23_70-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._23_70-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._23_70-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFDolkart2001">Dolkart 2001</a>, p. 23. </li> <li id="cite_note-streetscapes-71"><a href="#cite_ref-streetscapes_71-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGray2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Gray_(architectural_historian)" title="Christopher Gray (architectural historian)">Gray, Christopher</a> (May 1, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Sp1QAAAAMAAJ&q=central+synagogue">New York Streetscapes</a> (1st ed.). Harry N. Abrahams. p. 188. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0810944411" title="Special:BookSources/978-0810944411"><bdi>978-0810944411</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240430005843/https://books.google.com/books?id=Sp1QAAAAMAAJ&q=central+synagogue">Archived</a> from the original on April 30, 2024. Retrieved November 28, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+York+Streetscapes&rft.pages=188&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Harry+N.+Abrahams&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.isbn=978-0810944411&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSp1QAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dcentral%2Bsynagogue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NY1880-72">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NY1880_72-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NY1880_72-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NY1880_72-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NY1880_72-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NY1880_72-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NY1880_72-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NY1880_72-6">g</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSternMellinsFishman1999" class="citation book cs1">Stern, Robert A. M.; Mellins, Thomas; Fishman, David (1999). New York 1880: Architecture and Urbanism in the Gilded Age. Monacelli Press. p. 330. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58093-027-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58093-027-7"><bdi>978-1-58093-027-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/40698653">40698653</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+York+1880%3A+Architecture+and+Urbanism+in+the+Gilded+Age&rft.pages=330&rft.pub=Monacelli+Press&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F40698653&rft.isbn=978-1-58093-027-7&rft.aulast=Stern&rft.aufirst=Robert+A.+M.&rft.au=Mellins%2C+Thomas&rft.au=Fishman%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">""Ahawath Chesed": Laying the Corner-stone of the New Jewish Temple on Lexington-ave". New-York Tribune. December 15, 1870. p. 8. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1941-0646">1941-0646</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/572490627">572490627</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New-York+Tribune&rft.atitle=%22Ahawath+Chesed%22%3A+Laying+the+Corner-stone+of+the+New+Jewish+Temple+on+Lexington-ave.&rft.pages=8&rft.date=1870-12-15&rft.issn=1941-0646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2023_q431-74">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_2023_q431_74-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_2023_q431_74-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_2023_q431_74-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1872/04/20/archives/consecration-of-the-jewish-temple-of-ahawath-chesed.html">"Consecration of the Jewish Temple of Ahawath Chesed"</a>. The New York Times. April 20, 1872. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240419000440/https://www.nytimes.com/1872/04/20/archives/consecration-of-the-jewish-temple-of-ahawath-chesed.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 18, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Consecration+of+the+Jewish+Temple+of+Ahawath+Chesed.&rft.date=1872-04-20&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1872%2F04%2F20%2Farchives%2Fconsecration-of-the-jewish-temple-of-ahawath-chesed.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bush_p._191-75">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bush_p._191_75-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bush_p._191_75-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bush_p._191_75-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFBush2004">Bush 2004</a>, p. 191. </li> <li id="cite_note-FSR_p._6-76">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._6_76-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._6_76-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._6_76-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._6_76-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFFuldStoneRoss1979">Fuld, Stone & Ross 1979</a>, p. 6. </li> <li id="cite_note-Dolkart_p._24-78"><a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._24_78-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDolkart2001">Dolkart 2001</a>, p. 24. </li> <li id="cite_note-Gray_1998_p.2-79">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gray_1998_p.2_79-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gray_1998_p.2_79-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gray_1998_p.2_79-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGray1998" class="citation news cs1">Gray, Christopher (December 27, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1998/12/27/realestate/streetscapes-east-55th-street-between-park-lexington-avenues-amid-midtown.html">"Streetscapes: / East 55th Street Between Park and Lexington Avenues; Amid Midtown Canyons, 8 Picturesque Town Houses"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240420003657/https://www.nytimes.com/1998/12/27/realestate/streetscapes-east-55th-street-between-park-lexington-avenues-amid-midtown.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 20, 2024. Retrieved April 20, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Streetscapes%3A+%2F+East+55th+Street+Between+Park+and+Lexington+Avenues%3B+Amid+Midtown+Canyons%2C+8+Picturesque+Town+Houses&rft.date=1998-12-27&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1998%2F12%2F27%2Frealestate%2Fstreetscapes-east-55th-street-between-park-lexington-avenues-amid-midtown.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_p._18-80">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._18_80-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._18_80-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, p. 18. </li> <li id="cite_note-Zola_p._32-81">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Zola_p._32_81-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zola_p._32_81-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFZola2008">Zola 2008</a>, p. 32. </li> <li id="cite_note-Zola_pp._32–33-83"><a href="#cite_ref-Zola_pp._32–33_83-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFZola2008">Zola 2008</a>, pp. 32–33. </li> <li id="cite_note-BG_p._14-84"><a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._14_84-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003">Blackmar & Goren 2003</a>, p. 14. </li> <li id="cite_note-FSR_p._8-85"><a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._8_85-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFuldStoneRoss1979">Fuld, Stone & Ross 1979</a>, p. 8. </li> <li id="cite_note-Zola_pp._26–27-86">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Zola_pp._26–27_86-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zola_pp._26–27_86-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFZola2008">Zola 2008</a>, pp. 26–27. </li> <li id="cite_note-BG_p._17-87">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._17_87-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._17_87-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003">Blackmar & Goren 2003</a>, p. 17. </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Local News.: in Town in Brief". The Jewish Messenger. January 24, 1879. p. 2. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/882848949">882848949</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jewish+Messenger&rft.atitle=Local+News.%3A+in+Town+in+Brief&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1879-01-24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Isaacs_1907-89">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Isaacs_1907_89-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Isaacs_1907_89-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIsaacs1907" class="citation news cs1">Isaacs, Abram S. (June 21, 1907). "Among Our New York Synagogues: Introduction". The American Hebrew & Jewish Messenger. p. 175. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/884031349">884031349</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Hebrew+%26+Jewish+Messenger&rft.atitle=Among+Our+New+York+Synagogues%3A+Introduction&rft.pages=175&rft.date=1907-06-21&rft.aulast=Isaacs&rft.aufirst=Abram+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zola_p._34-90">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Zola_p._34_90-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zola_p._34_90-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFZola2008">Zola 2008</a>, p. 34. </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_p._111-91"><a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._111_91-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, p. 111. </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2023_v195-92"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_2023_v195_92-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1885/05/10/archives/welcoming-a-new-rabbi-dr-kohuts-first-discourse-at-the-temple.html">"Welcoming a New Rabbi.; Dr. Kohut's First Discourse at the Temple Ahavath Chesed"</a>. The New York Times. May 10, 1885. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240420214047/https://www.nytimes.com/1885/05/10/archives/welcoming-a-new-rabbi-dr-kohuts-first-discourse-at-the-temple.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 20, 2024. Retrieved April 20, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Welcoming+a+New+Rabbi.%3B+Dr.+Kohut%27s+First+Discourse+at+the+Temple+Ahavath+Chesed.&rft.date=1885-05-10&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1885%2F05%2F10%2Farchives%2Fwelcoming-a-new-rabbi-dr-kohuts-first-discourse-at-the-temple.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zola_p._35-93"><a href="#cite_ref-Zola_p._35_93-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFZola2008">Zola 2008</a>, p. 35. </li> <li id="cite_note-Zola_pp._40–41-94"><a href="#cite_ref-Zola_pp._40–41_94-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFZola2008">Zola 2008</a>, pp. 40–41. </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_pp._21–22-95"><a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_pp._21–22_95-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, pp. 21–22. </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2023_w014-96">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_2023_w014_96-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_2023_w014_96-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1886/03/01/archives/fire-in-a-synagogue-the-temple-ahavath-chesed-damaged-to-the-extent.html">"Fire in a Synagogue.; the Temple Ahavath Chesed Damaged to the Extent of $7,000"</a>. The New York Times. March 1, 1886. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240420214047/https://www.nytimes.com/1886/03/01/archives/fire-in-a-synagogue-the-temple-ahavath-chesed-damaged-to-the-extent.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 20, 2024. Retrieved April 20, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Fire+in+a+Synagogue.%3B+the+Temple+Ahavath+Chesed+Damaged+to+the+Extent+of+%247%2C000.&rft.date=1886-03-01&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1886%2F03%2F01%2Farchives%2Ffire-in-a-synagogue-the-temple-ahavath-chesed-damaged-to-the-extent.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Sun_1886-97">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Sun_1886_97-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Sun_1886_97-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-sun-lively-days-for-ahavath-chesed/145941066/">"Lively Days for Ahavath Chesed"</a>. The Sun. 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Retrieved April 24, 2024 – via newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sun&rft.atitle=Lively+Days+for+Ahavath+Chesed&rft.pages=5&rft.date=1886-03-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fthe-sun-lively-days-for-ahavath-chesed%2F145941066%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-New-York_Tribune_1886-98">^ <a href="#cite_ref-New-York_Tribune_1886_98-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-New-York_Tribune_1886_98-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Fire in Sacred Buildings: a Chapel and a Synagogue Suffer the Ahawath Chesed Temple Slightly Damaged—total Loss of the Chapel". New-York Tribune. 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The New York Times. May 12, 1900. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240418231842/https://www.nytimes.com/1900/05/12/archives/baltimore-rabbi-called-ahawath-chesed-temple-wants-dr-rosenan-here.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 18, 2024. Retrieved April 18, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Baltimore+Rabbi+Called.%3B+Ahawath+Chesed+Temple+Wants+Dr.+Rosenan+Here.&rft.date=1900-05-12&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1900%2F05%2F12%2Farchives%2Fbaltimore-rabbi-called-ahawath-chesed-temple-wants-dr-rosenan-here.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zola_p._53-129">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Zola_p._53_129-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zola_p._53_129-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFZola2008">Zola 2008</a>, p. 53. </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"The City: Sanitarium for Hebrew Children Dr. Sale and Ahavath Chesed Agricultural School Exhibits Zionist Rally Young Men's Hebrew Association Long Branch Synagogue Jottings". 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The New York Times. January 27, 1900. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425173007/https://www.nytimes.com/1900/01/27/archives/refuses-a-call-to-new-york.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Refuses+a+Call+to+New+York.&rft.date=1900-01-27&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1900%2F01%2F27%2Farchives%2Frefuses-a-call-to-new-york.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/buffalo-courier-express-untitled/146043469/">"Untitled"</a>. Buffalo Courier Express. January 27, 1900. p. 5. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425180005/https://www.newspapers.com/article/buffalo-courier-express-untitled/146043469/">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024 – via newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Buffalo+Courier+Express&rft.atitle=Untitled&rft.pages=5&rft.date=1900-01-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fbuffalo-courier-express-untitled%2F146043469%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zola_pp._52–53a-132"><a href="#cite_ref-Zola_pp._52–53a_132-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFZola2008">Zola 2008</a>, pp. 52–53. </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"The City: Ahawath Chesed Shaar Hasomayim". American Hebrew. 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January 9, 1901. p. 7. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425173007/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-new-york-times-rabbi-mosess-install/146041793/">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024 – via newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Rabbi+Moses%27s+Installation&rft.pages=7&rft.date=1901-01-09&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fthe-new-york-times-rabbi-mosess-install%2F146041793%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zola_p._64-134"><a href="#cite_ref-Zola_p._64_134-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFZola2008">Zola 2008</a>, p. 64. </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_p._35-135"><a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._35_135-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, p. 35. </li> <li id="cite_note-Dolkart_pp._30–32-136"><a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_pp._30–32_136-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDolkart2001">Dolkart 2001</a>, pp. 30–32. </li> <li id="cite_note-Dolkart_pp._43–44-137"><a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_pp._43–44_137-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDolkart2001">Dolkart 2001</a>, pp. 43–44. </li> <li id="cite_note-Dolkart_p._44-138"><a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._44_138-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDolkart2001">Dolkart 2001</a>, p. 44. </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1913_t156-139"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1913_t156_139-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1913/04/15/archives/will-unite-jewish-schools-new-society-aims-to-make-religious.html">"Will Unite Jewish Schools; New Society Aims to Make Religious Education Uniform"</a>. The New York Times. April 15, 1913. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425183101/https://www.nytimes.com/1913/04/15/archives/will-unite-jewish-schools-new-society-aims-to-make-religious.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Will+Unite+Jewish+Schools%3B+New+Society+Aims+to+Make+Religious+Education+Uniform.&rft.date=1913-04-15&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1913%2F04%2F15%2Farchives%2Fwill-unite-jewish-schools-new-society-aims-to-make-religious.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Jewish Religious School Union". The Jewish Exponent. 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The American Hebrew & Jewish Messenger. July 6, 1917. p. 234. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/899832660">899832660</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Hebrew+%26+Jewish+Messenger&rft.atitle=Dr.+Krass+Called+to+City%3A+Prominent+Brooklyn+Rabbi+Is+Offered+Fifty-fifth+Street+Pulpit&rft.pages=234&rft.date=1917-07-06&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Dr. Krass Accepts Manhattan Call". The American Hebrew & Jewish Messenger. August 10, 1917. p. 349. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/899833686">899833686</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Hebrew+%26+Jewish+Messenger&rft.atitle=Dr.+Krass+Accepts+Manhattan+Call&rft.pages=349&rft.date=1917-08-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1917_w202-144">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1917_w202_144-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1917_w202_144-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1917_w202_144-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1917/12/17/archives/welcome-to-dr-krass-central-temple-congregation-pays-tribute-to-its.html">"Welcome to Dr. Krass.; Central Temple Congregation Pays Tribute to Its Rabbi Emeritus"</a>. The New York Times. December 17, 1917. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425191210/https://www.nytimes.com/1917/12/17/archives/welcome-to-dr-krass-central-temple-congregation-pays-tribute-to-its.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Welcome+to+Dr.+Krass.%3B+Central+Temple+Congregation+Pays+Tribute+to+Its+Rabbi+Emeritus.&rft.date=1917-12-17&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1917%2F12%2F17%2Farchives%2Fwelcome-to-dr-krass-central-temple-congregation-pays-tribute-to-its.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Welcome to Dr. Krass: New York Congregation Pays Tribute to Its Rabbi Emeritus". The American Israelite. January 3, 1918. p. 4. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/918130985">918130985</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Israelite&rft.atitle=Welcome+to+Dr.+Krass%3A+New+York+Congregation+Pays+Tribute+to+Its+Rabbi+Emeritus&rft.pages=4&rft.date=1918-01-03&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Dr. Krass Installed: New Rabbi of Central Synagogue Greeted by Large Congregation—Plans Sunday Services". The American Hebrew & Jewish Messenger. January 11, 1918. p. 290. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/899833729">899833729</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Hebrew+%26+Jewish+Messenger&rft.atitle=Dr.+Krass+Installed%3A+New+Rabbi+of+Central+Synagogue+Greeted+by+Large+Congregation%E2%80%94Plans+Sunday+Services&rft.pages=290&rft.date=1918-01-11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BG_pp._11–12-147"><a href="#cite_ref-BG_pp._11–12_147-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003">Blackmar & Goren 2003</a>, pp. 11–12. </li> <li id="cite_note-BG_p._27-148">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._27_148-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._27_148-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._27_148-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003">Blackmar & Goren 2003</a>, p. 27. </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Jewish_Exponent_1923-149">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Jewish_Exponent_1923_149-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Jewish_Exponent_1923_149-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Jewish_Exponent_1923_149-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Our New York Letter: Dr. Krass Accepts Call to Emanu-el". The Jewish Exponent. April 13, 1923. p. 6. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/2786977995">2786977995</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jewish+Exponent&rft.atitle=Our+New+York+Letter%3A+Dr.+Krass+Accepts+Call+to+Emanu-el&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1923-04-13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_p._37-150"><a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._37_150-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, p. 37. </li> <li id="cite_note-Dolkart_p._47-151">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._47_151-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._47_151-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._47_151-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFDolkart2001">Dolkart 2001</a>, p. 47. </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_p._33-152">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._33_152-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._33_152-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, p. 33. </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1923_i997-153"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1923_i997_153-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1923/04/05/archives/temple-emanuel-calls-dr-krass-rabbi-of-central-synagogue-accepts.html">"Temple Emanu-el Calls Dr. Krass; Rabbi of Central Synagogue Accepts Invitation to New Pulpit"</a>. The New York Times. April 5, 1923. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425201644/https://www.nytimes.com/1923/04/05/archives/temple-emanuel-calls-dr-krass-rabbi-of-central-synagogue-accepts.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Temple+Emanu-el+Calls+Dr.+Krass%3B+Rabbi+of+Central+Synagogue+Accepts+Invitation+to+New+Pulpit&rft.date=1923-04-05&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1923%2F04%2F05%2Farchives%2Ftemple-emanuel-calls-dr-krass-rabbi-of-central-synagogue-accepts.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1923_y821-154">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1923_y821_154-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1923_y821_154-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1923/04/16/archives/free-and-central-synagogues-to-unite-trustees-to-submit-plan-of-fed.html">"Free and Central Synagogues to Unite; Trustees to Submit Plan of Federation to Both Congregations – Dr. Wise to Be Rabbi"</a>. The New York Times. April 16, 1923. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425201646/https://www.nytimes.com/1923/04/16/archives/free-and-central-synagogues-to-unite-trustees-to-submit-plan-of-fed.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Free+and+Central+Synagogues+to+Unite%3B+Trustees+to+Submit+Plan+of+Federation+to+Both+Congregations+%E2%80%93+Dr.+Wise+to+Be+Rabbi.&rft.date=1923-04-16&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1923%2F04%2F16%2Farchives%2Ffree-and-central-synagogues-to-unite-trustees-to-submit-plan-of-fed.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Correspondence: New York Happenings". The American Israelite. April 19, 1923. p. 2. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1009411986">1009411986</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Israelite&rft.atitle=Correspondence%3A+New+York+Happenings&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1923-04-19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1923_p107-155">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1923_p107_155-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1923_p107_155-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1923/05/01/archives/heavy-seas-opened-seaconnets-seams-ship-built-in-record-time-during.html">"Heavy Seas Opened Seaconnet's Seams; Ship, Built in Record Time During the War, Filled With Water and Sank"</a>. The New York Times. May 1, 1923. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425201645/https://www.nytimes.com/1923/05/01/archives/heavy-seas-opened-seaconnets-seams-ship-built-in-record-time-during.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Heavy+Seas+Opened+Seaconnet%27s+Seams%3B+Ship%2C+Built+in+Record+Time+During+the+War%2C+Filled+With+Water+and+Sank.&rft.date=1923-05-01&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1923%2F05%2F01%2Farchives%2Fheavy-seas-opened-seaconnets-seams-ship-built-in-record-time-during.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Two Synagogues Vote To Unite Congregations: Dr. Wise To Be Rabbi; Edifice to Cost $2,000,000 Is Planned". New-York Tribune. May 1, 1923. p. 5. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1941-0646">1941-0646</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1221760276">1221760276</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New-York+Tribune&rft.atitle=Two+Synagogues+Vote+To+Unite+Congregations%3A+Dr.+Wise+To+Be+Rabbi%3B+Edifice+to+Cost+%242%2C000%2C000+Is+Planned&rft.pages=5&rft.date=1923-05-01&rft.issn=1941-0646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dolkart_p._48-156">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._48_156-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._48_156-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._48_156-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dolkart_p._48_156-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFDolkart2001">Dolkart 2001</a>, p. 48. </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Synagogue House Dedicated As Institute of Religion". The New York Herald, New York Tribune. March 24, 1924. p. 5. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1941-0646">1941-0646</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1112947317">1112947317</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Herald%2C+New+York+Tribune&rft.atitle=Synagogue+House+Dedicated+As+Institute+of+Religion&rft.pages=5&rft.date=1924-03-24&rft.issn=1941-0646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"New Synagogue House Dedicated: Dr. Wise Leads Exercises in $500,000 Edifice". The American Israelite. March 27, 1924. p. 7. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1009420198">1009420198</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Israelite&rft.atitle=New+Synagogue+House+Dedicated%3A+Dr.+Wise+Leads+Exercises+in+%24500%2C000+Edifice&rft.pages=7&rft.date=1924-03-27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1924-158">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1924_158-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1924_158-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"New Synagogue House". The New York Times. March 9, 1924. p. RE14. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/103293057">103293057</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Synagogue+House&rft.pages=RE14&rft.date=1924-03-09&rft.issn=0362-4331&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1924_u212-159"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1924_u212_159-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1924/03/14/archives/lunn-discourages-boom-says-he-hasnt-decided-that-he-wants-to-be.html\">"Lunn Discourages Boom; Says He Hasn't Decided That He Wants to Be Governor"</a>. The New York Times. March 14, 1924. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved April 25, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Lunn+Discourages+Boom%3B+Says+He+Hasn%27t+Decided+That+He+Wants+to+Be+Governor.&rft.date=1924-03-14&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1924%2F03%2F14%2Farchives%2Flunn-discourages-boom-says-he-hasnt-decided-that-he-wants-to-be.html%5C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-waldheim-funds-gift-to-synago/146056168/">"Waldheim Funds Gift to Synagogue"</a>. New York Daily News. March 14, 1924. p. 23. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2692-1251">2692-1251</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425211849/https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-waldheim-funds-gift-to-synago/146056168/">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024 – via newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Waldheim+Funds+Gift+to+Synagogue&rft.pages=23&rft.date=1924-03-14&rft.issn=2692-1251&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fdaily-news-waldheim-funds-gift-to-synago%2F146056168%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1925_t190-160">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1925_t190_160-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1925_t190_160-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1925_t190_160-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1925/02/09/archives/jd-rockefeller-cuts-score-for-8-holes-of-golf-to-46.html">"Synagogue Merger Under Wise to End"</a>. The New York Times. February 9, 1925. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425211848/https://www.nytimes.com/1925/02/09/archives/jd-rockefeller-cuts-score-for-8-holes-of-golf-to-46.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Synagogue+Merger+Under+Wise+to+End&rft.date=1925-02-09&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1925%2F02%2F09%2Farchives%2Fjd-rockefeller-cuts-score-for-8-holes-of-golf-to-46.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Two Synagogues Joined by Wise To Sever Union: Free and Central Congregations Will Go Separate Ways After May 31; Latter to Seek New Rabbi". The New York Herald, New York Tribune. February 9, 1925. p. 1. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1941-0646">1941-0646</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1112784317">1112784317</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Herald%2C+New+York+Tribune&rft.atitle=Two+Synagogues+Joined+by+Wise+To+Sever+Union%3A+Free+and+Central+Congregations+Will+Go+Separate+Ways+After+May+31%3B+Latter+to+Seek+New+Rabbi&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1925-02-09&rft.issn=1941-0646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Our New York Letter: Synagogue Merger Under Dr. Stephen S. Wise to End". The Jewish Exponent. February 13, 1925. p. 7. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/901386943">901386943</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jewish+Exponent&rft.atitle=Our+New+York+Letter%3A+Synagogue+Merger+Under+Dr.+Stephen+S.+Wise+to+End&rft.pages=7&rft.date=1925-02-13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BG_pp._20–21-161"><a href="#cite_ref-BG_pp._20–21_161-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003">Blackmar & Goren 2003</a>, pp. 20–21. </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_p._46-162">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._46_162-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._46_162-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, p. 46. </li> <li id="cite_note-BG_p._21-163">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._21_163-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._21_163-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._21_163-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003">Blackmar & Goren 2003</a>, p. 21. </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1925_k170-164"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1925_k170_164-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1925/05/15/archives/rabbi-wise-called-here-will-come-from-portland-ore-to-the-central.html">"Rabbi Wise Called Here; Will Come From Portland, Ore., to the Central Synagogue"</a>. The New York Times. May 15, 1925. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425201646/https://www.nytimes.com/1925/05/15/archives/rabbi-wise-called-here-will-come-from-portland-ore-to-the-central.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Rabbi+Wise+Called+Here%3B+Will+Come+From+Portland%2C+Ore.%2C+to+the+Central+Synagogue.&rft.date=1925-05-15&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1925%2F05%2F15%2Farchives%2Frabbi-wise-called-here-will-come-from-portland-ore-to-the-central.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Dr. Jonah B. Wise Called To Central Synagogue". The New York Herald, New York Tribune. May 28, 1925. p. 2. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1941-0646">1941-0646</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1112804066">1112804066</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Herald%2C+New+York+Tribune&rft.atitle=Dr.+Jonah+B.+Wise+Called+To+Central+Synagogue&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1925-05-28&rft.issn=1941-0646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1925_f007-165"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1925_f007_165-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1925/09/19/archives/rabbi-jb-wise-joins-central-synagogue-tells-of-need-of-god-with.html">"Rabbi J.B. Wise Joins Central Synagogue; Tells of Need of God With Growth of Intelligence, as He Takes Up New Post Here"</a>. The New York Times. September 19, 1925. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425211849/https://www.nytimes.com/1925/09/19/archives/rabbi-jb-wise-joins-central-synagogue-tells-of-need-of-god-with.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Rabbi+J.B.+Wise+Joins+Central+Synagogue%3B+Tells+of+Need+of+God+With+Growth+of+Intelligence%2C+as+He+Takes+Up+New+Post+Here.&rft.date=1925-09-19&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1925%2F09%2F19%2Farchives%2Frabbi-jb-wise-joins-central-synagogue-tells-of-need-of-god-with.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Rabbi Jonah B. Wise At Central Synagog, New York: Tells of Need of God With Growth of Intelligence, as He Takes Up New Post". The American Israelite. September 24, 1925. p. 7. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1009400056">1009400056</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Israelite&rft.atitle=Rabbi+Jonah+B.+Wise+At+Central+Synagog%2C+New+York%3A+Tells+of+Need+of+God+With+Growth+of+Intelligence%2C+as+He+Takes+Up+New+Post&rft.pages=7&rft.date=1925-09-24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Dr. Wise Is Honored at Synagogue: Central's Rabbi Reviews 50 Years". New York Herald Tribune. December 18, 1954. p. 6. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1941-0646">1941-0646</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1322565758">1322565758</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Herald+Tribune&rft.atitle=Dr.+Wise+Is+Honored+at+Synagogue%3A+Central%27s+Rabbi+Reviews+50+Years&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1954-12-18&rft.issn=1941-0646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1926_v9493-167"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1926_v9493_167-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Park Av. Hotel to Cost $5,000,000: Syndicate Buys the Northwest Corner of 59th Street, Held at $2,100,000". The New York Times. February 4, 1926. p. 38. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/103909172">103909172</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Park+Av.+Hotel+to+Cost+%245%2C000%2C000%3A+Syndicate+Buys+the+Northwest+Corner+of+59th+Street%2C+Held+at+%242%2C100%2C000.&rft.pages=38&rft.date=1926-02-04&rft.issn=0362-4331&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Park Avenue Corner Taken For Hotel Site". The New York Herald, New York Tribune. February 4, 1926. p. 33. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1941-0646">1941-0646</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1112713397">1112713397</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Herald%2C+New+York+Tribune&rft.atitle=Park+Avenue+Corner+Taken+For+Hotel+Site&rft.pages=33&rft.date=1926-02-04&rft.issn=1941-0646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1927_l447-168">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1927_l447_168-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1927_l447_168-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1927/01/31/archives/open-community-house-600-members-of-central-synagogue-at-dedication.html">"Open Community House; 600 Members of Central Synagogue at Dedication Service"</a>. The New York Times. January 31, 1927. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425215236/https://www.nytimes.com/1927/01/31/archives/open-community-house-600-members-of-central-synagogue-at-dedication.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Open+Community+House%3B+600+Members+of+Central+Synagogue+at+Dedication+Service.&rft.date=1927-01-31&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1927%2F01%2F31%2Farchives%2Fopen-community-house-600-members-of-central-synagogue-at-dedication.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_p._42-169">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._42_169-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._42_169-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._42_169-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, p. 42. </li> <li id="cite_note-FSR_p._17-170">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._17_170-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._17_170-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._17_170-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._17_170-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFFuldStoneRoss1979">Fuld, Stone & Ross 1979</a>, p. 17. </li> <li id="cite_note-BG_p._19-171"><a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._19_171-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003">Blackmar & Goren 2003</a>, p. 19. </li> <li id="cite_note-FSR_p._14-172">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._14_172-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._14_172-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._14_172-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._14_172-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFFuldStoneRoss1979">Fuld, Stone & Ross 1979</a>, p. 14. </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"New York Reform Congregations Unite: Permanent Association Formed at Meeting – Appoint Organization Committee". The American Israelite. March 31, 1927. p. 1. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1009424968">1009424968</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Israelite&rft.atitle=New+York+Reform+Congregations+Unite%3A+Permanent+Association+Formed+at+Meeting+%E2%80%93+Appoint+Organization+Committee&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1927-03-31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ackman_&_Ziff_Genealogy_Institute_at_the_Center_for_Jewish_History_g491-174"><a href="#cite_ref-Ackman_&_Ziff_Genealogy_Institute_at_the_Center_for_Jewish_History_g491_174-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genealogy.cjh.org/synagogue/1276">"Ackman & Ziff Genealogy Institute at the Center for Jewish History"</a>. Ackman & Ziff Genealogy Institute at the Center for Jewish History. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425215236/https://genealogy.cjh.org/synagogue/1276">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ackman+%26+Ziff+Genealogy+Institute+at+the+Center+for+Jewish+History&rft.atitle=Ackman+%26+Ziff+Genealogy+Institute+at+the+Center+for+Jewish+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenealogy.cjh.org%2Fsynagogue%2F1276&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BG_pp._21–22-175"><a href="#cite_ref-BG_pp._21–22_175-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003">Blackmar & Goren 2003</a>, pp. 21–22. </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_p._48-176">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._48_176-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._48_176-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._48_176-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, p. 48. </li> <li id="cite_note-FSR_p._15-177">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._15_177-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._15_177-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFFuldStoneRoss1979">Fuld, Stone & Ross 1979</a>, p. 15. </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_p._49-178">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._49_178-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._49_178-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, p. 49. </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1933_s940-179"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1933_s940_179-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1933/01/11/archives/rest-centre-for-women.html">"Rest Centre for Women"</a>. The New York Times. January 11, 1933. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240426191508/https://www.nytimes.com/1933/01/11/archives/rest-centre-for-women.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Rest+Centre+for+Women.&rft.date=1933-01-11&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1933%2F01%2F11%2Farchives%2Frest-centre-for-women.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1959_j168-180">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1959_j168_180-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1959_j168_180-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1959_j168_180-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1959/02/02/archives/dr-jonahb-wisei-rabbi-dead-at-77-spiritual-head-of-central.html">"Dr. Jonah B. Wise, Rabbi, Dead at 77; Spiritual Head of Central Synagogue 34 Years"</a>. The New York Times. February 2, 1959. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425211849/https://www.nytimes.com/1959/02/02/archives/dr-jonahb-wisei-rabbi-dead-at-77-spiritual-head-of-central.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Dr.+Jonah+B.+Wise%2C+Rabbi%2C+Dead+at+77%3B+Spiritual+Head+of+Central+Synagogue+34+Years&rft.date=1959-02-02&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1959%2F02%2F02%2Farchives%2Fdr-jonahb-wisei-rabbi-dead-at-77-spiritual-head-of-central.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BG_pp._64–65-181"><a href="#cite_ref-BG_pp._64–65_181-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003">Blackmar & Goren 2003</a>, pp. 64–65. </li> <li id="cite_note-BG_pp._60–62-182"><a href="#cite_ref-BG_pp._60–62_182-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003">Blackmar & Goren 2003</a>, pp. 60–62. </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_p._53-183">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._53_183-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._53_183-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, p. 53. </li> <li id="cite_note-Stern_(2006)_p._525-184">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Stern_(2006)_p._525_184-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stern_(2006)_p._525_184-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stern_(2006)_p._525_184-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stern_(2006)_p._525_184-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stern_(2006)_p._525_184-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stern_(2006)_p._525_184-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stern_(2006)_p._525_184-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stern_(2006)_p._525_184-7">h</a> <a href="#CITEREFSternFishmanTilove2006">Stern, Fishman & Tilove 2006</a>, p. 525. </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1964_d946-185">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1964_d946_185-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1964_d946_185-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1964/10/25/archives/habonim-to-mark-25th-year-nov-8-synagogue-here-rose-from-ashes-of.html">"Habonim to Mark 25th Year Nov. 8; Synagogue Here Rose From Ashes of Hitler Terror"</a>. The New York Times. October 25, 1964. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240426200244/https://www.nytimes.com/1964/10/25/archives/habonim-to-mark-25th-year-nov-8-synagogue-here-rose-from-ashes-of.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Habonim+to+Mark+25th+Year+Nov.+8%3B+Synagogue+Here+Rose+From+Ashes+of+Hitler+Terror&rft.date=1964-10-25&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1964%2F10%2F25%2Farchives%2Fhabonim-to-mark-25th-year-nov-8-synagogue-here-rose-from-ashes-of.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_p._55-186">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._55_186-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._55_186-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, p. 55. </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"New Synagogue Is Dedicated". New York Herald Tribune. March 17, 1958. p. 13. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1941-0646">1941-0646</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1327258823">1327258823</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Herald+Tribune&rft.atitle=New+Synagogue+Is+Dedicated&rft.pages=13&rft.date=1958-03-17&rft.issn=1941-0646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_pp._60–61-189"><a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_pp._60–61_189-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, pp. 60–61. </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1943_m665-190"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1943_m665_190-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1943/07/24/archives/churches-to-aid-war-wives-of-city-service-mens-council-of-the.html">"Churches to Aid War Wives of City; Service Men's Council of the Federations Maps Program of Social Activities"</a>. The New York Times. July 24, 1943. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240426200244/https://www.nytimes.com/1943/07/24/archives/churches-to-aid-war-wives-of-city-service-mens-council-of-the.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Churches+to+Aid+War+Wives+of+City%3B+Service+Men%27s+Council+of+the+Federations+Maps+Program+of+Social+Activities&rft.date=1943-07-24&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1943%2F07%2F24%2Farchives%2Fchurches-to-aid-war-wives-of-city-service-mens-council-of-the.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BG_p._23-191">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._23_191-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._23_191-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._23_191-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003">Blackmar & Goren 2003</a>, p. 23. </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_p._67-192"><a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._67_192-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, p. 67. </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1946_z673-193"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1946_z673_193-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1946/12/22/archives/synagogue-marks-100th-year-in-city-jonah-b-wise-says-central.html?searchResultPosition=1">"Synagogue Marks 100th Year in City; Jonah B. Wise Says Central Congregation Looks to Union of All Jewish Groups"</a>. The New York Times. December 22, 1946. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240426205818/https://www.nytimes.com/1946/12/22/archives/synagogue-marks-100th-year-in-city-jonah-b-wise-says-central.html?searchResultPosition=1">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Synagogue+Marks+100th+Year+in+City%3B+Jonah+B.+Wise+Says+Central+Congregation+Looks+to+Union+of+All+Jewish+Groups&rft.date=1946-12-22&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1946%2F12%2F22%2Farchives%2Fsynagogue-marks-100th-year-in-city-jonah-b-wise-says-central.html%3FsearchResultPosition%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Adams Home Deeded to U. S.". New York Herald Tribune. December 22, 1946. p. 22. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1941-0646">1941-0646</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1269939581">1269939581</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Herald+Tribune&rft.atitle=Adams+Home+Deeded+to+U.+S.&rft.pages=22&rft.date=1946-12-22&rft.issn=1941-0646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1947_b999-194"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1947_b999_194-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1947/03/24/archives/dr-j-b-wise-honored-portrait-of-rabbi-is-presented-to-central.html">"Dr. J. B. Wise Honored; Portrait of Rabbi Is Presented to Central Synagogue"</a>. The New York Times. March 24, 1947. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240426205815/https://www.nytimes.com/1947/03/24/archives/dr-j-b-wise-honored-portrait-of-rabbi-is-presented-to-central.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Dr.+J.+B.+Wise+Honored%3B+Portrait+of+Rabbi+Is+Presented+to+Central+Synagogue&rft.date=1947-03-24&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1947%2F03%2F24%2Farchives%2Fdr-j-b-wise-honored-portrait-of-rabbi-is-presented-to-central.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BG_pp._66–67-195"><a href="#cite_ref-BG_pp._66–67_195-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003">Blackmar & Goren 2003</a>, pp. 66–67. </li> <li id="cite_note-Barista_p._23-196"><a href="#cite_ref-Barista_p._23_196-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBarista2001">Barista 2001</a>, p. 23. </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1947_y544-197"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1947_y544_197-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1947/11/20/archives/synagogue-trees-will-be-dedicated-congregation-of-central-to-take.html">"Synagogue Trees Will Be Dedicated; Congregation of Central to Take Part in Ceremony at 11 A.M. Sunday"</a>. The New York Times. November 20, 1947. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240426205819/https://www.nytimes.com/1947/11/20/archives/synagogue-trees-will-be-dedicated-congregation-of-central-to-take.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Synagogue+Trees+Will+Be+Dedicated%3B+Congregation+of+Central+to+Take+Part+in+Ceremony+at+11+A.M.+Sunday&rft.date=1947-11-20&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1947%2F11%2F20%2Farchives%2Fsynagogue-trees-will-be-dedicated-congregation-of-central-to-take.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1947_z906-198"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1947_z906_198-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1947/11/24/archives/children-dedicate-synagogue-trees-rabbi-isaac-wise-descendants-take.html">"Children Dedicate Synagogue Trees; Rabbi Isaac Wise Descendants Take Part in the Ceremonies at Lexington and 55th"</a>. The New York Times. November 24, 1947. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240426205817/https://www.nytimes.com/1947/11/24/archives/children-dedicate-synagogue-trees-rabbi-isaac-wise-descendants-take.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Children+Dedicate+Synagogue+Trees%3B+Rabbi+Isaac+Wise+Descendants+Take+Part+in+the+Ceremonies+at+Lexington+and+55th&rft.date=1947-11-24&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1947%2F11%2F24%2Farchives%2Fchildren-dedicate-synagogue-trees-rabbi-isaac-wise-descendants-take.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Central Synagogue Trees Are Dedicated at Service". New York Herald Tribune. November 24, 1947. p. 14. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1318376749">1318376749</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Herald+Tribune&rft.atitle=Central+Synagogue+Trees+Are+Dedicated+at+Service&rft.pages=14&rft.date=1947-11-24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1949_j847-199"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1949_j847_199-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1949/03/28/archives/at-rededication-service-of-central-synagogue-here.html">"At Rededication Service of Central Synagogue Here"</a>. The New York Times. March 28, 1949. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240426205816/https://www.nytimes.com/1949/03/28/archives/at-rededication-service-of-central-synagogue-here.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=At+Rededication+Service+of+Central+Synagogue+Here&rft.date=1949-03-28&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1949%2F03%2F28%2Farchives%2Fat-rededication-service-of-central-synagogue-here.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-New_York_Herald_Tribune_1949-200">^ <a href="#cite_ref-New_York_Herald_Tribune_1949_200-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-New_York_Herald_Tribune_1949_200-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Old Synagogue Plans Service Of Rededication: Central Synagogue to Note Completion of Rebuilding in Program Tomorrow". New York Herald Tribune. March 26, 1949. p. 10. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1941-0646">1941-0646</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1336517126">1336517126</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Herald+Tribune&rft.atitle=Old+Synagogue+Plans+Service+Of+Rededication%3A+Central+Synagogue+to+Note+Completion+of+Rebuilding+in+Program+Tomorrow&rft.pages=10&rft.date=1949-03-26&rft.issn=1941-0646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1950_q198-201"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1950_q198_201-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1950/02/12/archives/lincoln-honored-in-jewish-services-plaque-unveiled-to-honor-war.html">"Lincoln Honored in Jewish Services; Plaque Unveiled to Honor War Dead"</a>. The New York Times. February 12, 1950. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240426220833/https://www.nytimes.com/1950/02/12/archives/lincoln-honored-in-jewish-services-plaque-unveiled-to-honor-war.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Lincoln+Honored+in+Jewish+Services%3B+Plaque+Unveiled+to+Honor+War+Dead&rft.date=1950-02-12&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1950%2F02%2F12%2Farchives%2Flincoln-honored-in-jewish-services-plaque-unveiled-to-honor-war.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Jews Will Open Brotherhood Services Today: Central Synagogue to Unveil Plaque for War Dead, Dr. J. B. Wise to Speak". New York Herald Tribune. February 11, 1950. p. 20. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1941-0646">1941-0646</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1327507416">1327507416</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Herald+Tribune&rft.atitle=Jews+Will+Open+Brotherhood+Services+Today%3A+Central+Synagogue+to+Unveil+Plaque+for+War+Dead%2C+Dr.+J.+B.+Wise+to+Speak&rft.pages=20&rft.date=1950-02-11&rft.issn=1941-0646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1952_y465-202"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1952_y465_202-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1952/12/01/archives/temple-is-80-years-old-rededication-rites-set-for-dec-12-at-central.html">"Temple is 80 Years Old; Rededication Rites Set for Dec. 12 at Central Synagogue"</a>. The New York Times. December 1, 1952. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240426221237/https://www.nytimes.com/1952/12/01/archives/temple-is-80-years-old-rededication-rites-set-for-dec-12-at-central.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Temple+is+80+Years+Old%3B+Rededication+Rites+Set+for+Dec.+12+at+Central+Synagogue&rft.date=1952-12-01&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1952%2F12%2F01%2Farchives%2Ftemple-is-80-years-old-rededication-rites-set-for-dec-12-at-central.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BG_pp._22–23-203">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BG_pp._22–23_203-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BG_pp._22–23_203-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BG_pp._22–23_203-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003">Blackmar & Goren 2003</a>, pp. 22–23. </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Dr. Jonah B. Wise Dead; Central Synagogue Rabbi". New York Herald Tribune. February 2, 1959. p. A4. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1941-0646">1941-0646</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1328081044">1328081044</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Herald+Tribune&rft.atitle=Dr.+Jonah+B.+Wise+Dead%3B+Central+Synagogue+Rabbi&rft.pages=A4&rft.date=1959-02-02&rft.issn=1941-0646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Goodstein_1999_f800-205">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Goodstein_1999_f800_205-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Goodstein_1999_f800_205-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Goodstein_1999_f800_205-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodstein1999" class="citation web cs1">Goodstein, Laurie (August 6, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/06/nyregion/david-j-seligson-a-reform-rabbi-dies-at-92.html">"David J. Seligson, a Reform Rabbi, Dies at 92"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240419221142/https://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/06/nyregion/david-j-seligson-a-reform-rabbi-dies-at-92.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=David+J.+Seligson%2C+a+Reform+Rabbi%2C+Dies+at+92&rft.date=1999-08-06&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Goodstein&rft.aufirst=Laurie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1999%2F08%2F06%2Fnyregion%2Fdavid-j-seligson-a-reform-rabbi-dies-at-92.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1959_y380-206"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1959_y380_206-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1959/09/27/archives/fund-will-honor-dr-jonah-b-wise-central-synagogue-opens-600000.html">"Fund Will Honor Dr. Jonah B. Wise; Central Synagogue Opens $600,000 Memorial Appeal – Sermons of Sabbath"</a>. The New York Times. September 27, 1959. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425215238/https://www.nytimes.com/1959/09/27/archives/fund-will-honor-dr-jonah-b-wise-central-synagogue-opens-600000.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Fund+Will+Honor+Dr.+Jonah+B.+Wise%3B+Central+Synagogue+Opens+%24600%2C000+Memorial+Appeal+%E2%80%93+Sermons+of+Sabbath&rft.date=1959-09-27&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1959%2F09%2F27%2Farchives%2Ffund-will-honor-dr-jonah-b-wise-central-synagogue-opens-600000.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1961_d904-207"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1961_d904_207-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1961/07/03/archives/9story-building-is-set-by-central-synagogue.html">"9-Story Building Is Set By Central Synagogue"</a>. The New York Times. July 3, 1961. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240426225115/https://www.nytimes.com/1961/07/03/archives/9story-building-is-set-by-central-synagogue.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=9-Story+Building+Is+Set+By+Central+Synagogue&rft.date=1961-07-03&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1961%2F07%2F03%2Farchives%2F9story-building-is-set-by-central-synagogue.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-New_York_Herald_Tribune_1961-208">^ <a href="#cite_ref-New_York_Herald_Tribune_1961_208-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-New_York_Herald_Tribune_1961_208-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"New Synagogue Community House Begun". New York Herald Tribune. July 2, 1961. p. 8. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1325179439">1325179439</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Herald+Tribune&rft.atitle=New+Synagogue+Community+House+Begun&rft.pages=8&rft.date=1961-07-02&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-209"><a href="#cite_ref-209">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrice1961" class="citation news cs1">Price, Joann (March 5, 1961). "Churches, Synagogues Experiencing Growth". New York Herald Tribune. p. 34. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1941-0646">1941-0646</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1325166412">1325166412</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Herald+Tribune&rft.atitle=Churches%2C+Synagogues+Experiencing+Growth&rft.pages=34&rft.date=1961-03-05&rft.issn=1941-0646&rft.aulast=Price&rft.aufirst=Joann&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1963_b374-210"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1963_b374_210-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller1963" class="citation web cs1">Miller, Jerry (December 22, 1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1963/12/22/archives/central-synagogue-oldest-in-the-city-being-decorated-temple-debates.html">"Central Synagogue, Oldest in the City, Being Decorated"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240426225113/https://www.nytimes.com/1963/12/22/archives/central-synagogue-oldest-in-the-city-being-decorated-temple-debates.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Central+Synagogue%2C+Oldest+in+the+City%2C+Being+Decorated&rft.date=1963-12-22&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1963%2F12%2F22%2Farchives%2Fcentral-synagogue-oldest-in-the-city-being-decorated-temple-debates.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1964_w955-211"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1964_w955_211-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1964/05/05/archives/new-building-planned-by-central-synagogue.html">"New Building Planned By Central Synagogue"</a>. The New York Times. May 5, 1964. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240425215238/https://www.nytimes.com/1964/05/05/archives/new-building-planned-by-central-synagogue.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Building+Planned+By+Central+Synagogue&rft.date=1964-05-05&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1964%2F05%2F05%2Farchives%2Fnew-building-planned-by-central-synagogue.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kamins_1966_r969-212"><a href="#cite_ref-Kamins_1966_r969_212-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKamins1966" class="citation web cs1">Kamins, Toni L. (April 19, 1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jta.org/archive/central-synagogue-in-new-york-starts-building-modern-2500000-center">"Central Synagogue in New York Starts Building Modern $2,500,000 Center"</a>. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240418231846/https://www.jta.org/archive/central-synagogue-in-new-york-starts-building-modern-2500000-center">Archived</a> from the original on April 18, 2024. Retrieved April 18, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jewish+Telegraphic+Agency&rft.atitle=Central+Synagogue+in+New+York+Starts+Building+Modern+%242%2C500%2C000+Center&rft.date=1966-04-19&rft.aulast=Kamins&rft.aufirst=Toni+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jta.org%2Farchive%2Fcentral-synagogue-in-new-york-starts-building-modern-2500000-center&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1967_j507-213">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1967_j507_213-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1967_j507_213-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1967_j507_213-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1967_j507_213-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1967_j507_213-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGansberg1967" class="citation web cs1">Gansberg, Martin (September 18, 1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1967/09/18/archives/a-jewish-center-is-dedicated-here-governor-praises-9story-memorial.html">"A Jewish Center is Dedicated Here; Governor Praises 9-Story Memorial to Rabbi Wise"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240427010117/https://www.nytimes.com/1967/09/18/archives/a-jewish-center-is-dedicated-here-governor-praises-9story-memorial.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 27, 2024. Retrieved April 27, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A+Jewish+Center+is+Dedicated+Here%3B+Governor+Praises+9-Story+Memorial+to+Rabbi+Wise&rft.date=1967-09-18&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Gansberg&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1967%2F09%2F18%2Farchives%2Fa-jewish-center-is-dedicated-here-governor-praises-9story-memorial.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-New_York_Daily_News_1967-214">^ <a href="#cite_ref-New_York_Daily_News_1967_214-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-New_York_Daily_News_1967_214-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-dedicate-synagogue-memorial-b/146131462/">"Dedicate Synagogue Memorial Building"</a>. New York Daily News. September 18, 1967. p. 432. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2692-1251">2692-1251</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240427010120/https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-dedicate-synagogue-memorial-b/146131462/">Archived</a> from the original on April 27, 2024. Retrieved April 27, 2024 – via newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Dedicate+Synagogue+Memorial+Building&rft.pages=432&rft.date=1967-09-18&rft.issn=2692-1251&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fdaily-news-dedicate-synagogue-memorial-b%2F146131462%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BG_p._24-215"><a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._24_215-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003">Blackmar & Goren 2003</a>, p. 24. </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_pp._71–72-216"><a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_pp._71–72_216-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, pp. 71–72. </li> <li id="cite_note-FSR_p._21-217"><a href="#cite_ref-FSR_p._21_217-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFuldStoneRoss1979">Fuld, Stone & Ross 1979</a>, p. 21. </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-1970-04-20-218"><a href="#cite_ref-nyt-1970-04-20_218-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1970/04/20/archives/synagogue-here-finds-its-lost-cornerstone.html">"Synagogue Here Finds Its 'Lost' Cornerstone"</a>. The New York Times. April 20, 1970. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240429174654/https://www.nytimes.com/1970/04/20/archives/synagogue-here-finds-its-lost-cornerstone.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 29, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Synagogue+Here+Finds+Its+%27Lost%27+Cornerstone&rft.date=1970-04-20&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1970%2F04%2F20%2Farchives%2Fsynagogue-here-finds-its-lost-cornerstone.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BG_p._69-219"><a href="#cite_ref-BG_p._69_219-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003">Blackmar & Goren 2003</a>, p. 69. </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-1970-12-14a-220"><a href="#cite_ref-nyt-1970-12-14a_220-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFosburgh1970" class="citation news cs1">Fosburgh, Lacey (December 14, 1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1970/12/14/archives/central-synagogue-celebrates-its-biginning-100-years-ago.html">"Central Synagogue Celebrates"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240429174654/https://www.nytimes.com/1970/12/14/archives/central-synagogue-celebrates-its-biginning-100-years-ago.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 29, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Central+Synagogue+Celebrates&rft.date=1970-12-14&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Fosburgh&rft.aufirst=Lacey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1970%2F12%2F14%2Farchives%2Fcentral-synagogue-celebrates-its-biginning-100-years-ago.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeahy1970" class="citation news cs1">Leahy, Jack (December 13, 1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-a-century-of-service/146294541/">"A century of service"</a>. New York Daily News. pp. 295, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-a-century-of-service/146294649/">296</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2692-1251">2692-1251</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240429174702/https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-a-century-of-service/146294541/">Archived</a> from the original on April 29, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=A+century+of+service&rft.pages=295%2C+296&rft.date=1970-12-13&rft.issn=2692-1251&rft.aulast=Leahy&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fdaily-news-a-century-of-service%2F146294541%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BG_pp._24–25-221"><a href="#cite_ref-BG_pp._24–25_221-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003">Blackmar & Goren 2003</a>, pp. 24–25. </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-1971-03-11a-222"><a href="#cite_ref-nyt-1971-03-11a_222-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnox1971" class="citation news cs1">Knox, Sanka (March 11, 1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1971/03/11/archives/exhibition-relives-jewish-life-here-from-1654.html">"Exhibition Relives Jewish Life Here From 1654"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240429174659/https://www.nytimes.com/1971/03/11/archives/exhibition-relives-jewish-life-here-from-1654.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 29, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Exhibition+Relives+Jewish+Life+Here+From+1654&rft.date=1971-03-11&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Knox&rft.aufirst=Sanka&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1971%2F03%2F11%2Farchives%2Fexhibition-relives-jewish-life-here-from-1654.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbelman1971" class="citation news cs1">Abelman, Lester (March 21, 1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-exhibit-etches-316-yr-histor/146296125/">"Exhibit Etches 316-Yr. History of City's Jews"</a>. New York Daily News. p. 82. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2692-1251">2692-1251</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240429174701/https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-exhibit-etches-316-yr-histor/146296125/">Archived</a> from the original on April 29, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Exhibit+Etches+316-Yr.+History+of+City%27s+Jews&rft.pages=82&rft.date=1971-03-21&rft.issn=2692-1251&rft.aulast=Abelman&rft.aufirst=Lester&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fdaily-news-exhibit-etches-316-yr-histor%2F146296125%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_p._77-223">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._77_223-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._77_223-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._77_223-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, p. 77. </li> <li id="cite_note-Fulman_1984-224">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fulman_1984_224-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fulman_1984_224-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFulman1984" class="citation news cs1">Fulman, Ricki (December 3, 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-rabbi-seeks-more-fervent-floc/146302713/">"Rabbi seeks more fervent flock"</a>. New York Daily News. p. 260. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2692-1251">2692-1251</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240429193624/https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-rabbi-seeks-more-fervent-floc/146302713/">Archived</a> from the original on April 29, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Rabbi+seeks+more+fervent+flock&rft.pages=260&rft.date=1984-12-03&rft.issn=2692-1251&rft.aulast=Fulman&rft.aufirst=Ricki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fdaily-news-rabbi-seeks-more-fervent-floc%2F146302713%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><a href="#cite_ref-225">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Briefs on the Arts: Folksbiene Troupe Moves North New Film Makers To Vie for $2,500 West Berlin Movies Of the City Ballet Deaf Theater Tours With 'Candide'". The New York Times. September 10, 1973. p. 43. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/119800093">119800093</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Briefs+on+the+Arts%3A+Folksbiene+Troupe+Moves+North+New+Film+Makers+To+Vie+for+%242%2C500+West+Berlin+Movies+Of+the+City+Ballet+Deaf+Theater+Tours+With+%27Candide%27&rft.pages=43&rft.date=1973-09-10&rft.issn=0362-4331&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><a href="#cite_ref-226">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWillens1997" class="citation news cs1">Willens, Kathy (January 13, 1997). 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Chicago Tribune. p. 8.1. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1085-6706">1085-6706</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/418284531">418284531</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Yiddish+Theater+in+New+York+Speaks+a+Language+From+the+Heart&rft.pages=8.1&rft.date=1997-01-13&rft.issn=1085-6706&rft.aulast=Willens&rft.aufirst=Kathy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_pp._81–83-227"><a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_pp._81–83_227-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, pp. 81–83. </li> <li id="cite_note-King_1976-228">^ <a href="#cite_ref-King_1976_228-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-King_1976_228-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing1976" class="citation news cs1">King, Martin (March 8, 1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-dedicate-synagogue-as-us-la/146296702/">"Dedicate Synagogue as U.S. Landmark"</a>. New York Daily News. p. 7. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2692-1251">2692-1251</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240429174657/https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-dedicate-synagogue-as-us-la/146296702/">Archived</a> from the original on April 29, 2024. 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Retrieved April 19, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Fire+Heavily+Scars+Landmark+East+Side+Synagogue&rft.date=1998-08-29&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=McFadden&rft.aufirst=Robert+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1998%2F08%2F29%2Fnyregion%2Ffire-heavily-scars-landmark-east-side-synagogue.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-251"><a href="#cite_ref-251">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"New York's Central Synagogue severely damaged by blaze: Fire believed caused by worker using torch". The Sun. August 29, 1998. p. 5A. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/2895907684">2895907684</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sun&rft.atitle=New+York%27s+Central+Synagogue+severely+damaged+by+blaze%3A+Fire+believed+caused+by+worker+using+torch&rft.pages=5A&rft.date=1998-08-29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-252"><a href="#cite_ref-252">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShelby1998" class="citation news cs1">Shelby, Joyce (September 3, 1998). "Rabbi Joins the Bravest Leaps Into New Job as Fire Chaplain". 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(August 31, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1998/08/31/nyregion/offers-of-help-pour-in-for-damaged-synagogue.html">"Offers of Help Pour In for Damaged Synagogue"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240419235943/https://www.nytimes.com/1998/08/31/nyregion/offers-of-help-pour-in-for-damaged-synagogue.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Offers+of+Help+Pour+In+for+Damaged+Synagogue&rft.date=1998-08-31&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=McFadden&rft.aufirst=Robert+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1998%2F08%2F31%2Fnyregion%2Foffers-of-help-pour-in-for-damaged-synagogue.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-255"><a href="#cite_ref-255">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreenberg1998" class="citation news cs1">Greenberg, Eric J. (October 2, 1998). "Bibi Among The Ruins: In tour of devastated Central Synagogue, prime minister vows return for rededication of Reform house of worship". The New York Jewish Week. p. 17. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/362500663">362500663</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Jewish+Week&rft.atitle=Bibi+Among+The+Ruins%3A+In+tour+of+devastated+Central+Synagogue%2C+prime+minister+vows+return+for+rededication+of+Reform+house+of+worship.&rft.pages=17&rft.date=1998-10-02&rft.aulast=Greenberg&rft.aufirst=Eric+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Associated_Press_1998_n450-256"><a href="#cite_ref-The_Associated_Press_1998_n450_256-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Associated_Press1998" class="citation web cs1">The Associated Press (September 3, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1998/09/03/nyregion/metro-news-briefs-new-york-pataki-allows-use-of-armory-by-synagogue.html">"Metro News Briefs: New York; Pataki Allows Use Of Armory by Synagogue"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240419185641/https://www.nytimes.com/1998/09/03/nyregion/metro-news-briefs-new-york-pataki-allows-use-of-armory-by-synagogue.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Metro+News+Briefs%3A+New+York%3B+Pataki+Allows+Use+Of+Armory+by+Synagogue&rft.date=1998-09-03&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.au=The+Associated+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1998%2F09%2F03%2Fnyregion%2Fmetro-news-briefs-new-york-pataki-allows-use-of-armory-by-synagogue.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchaye1998" class="citation news cs1">Schaye, Kimberly (September 3, 1998). "Armory Loaned to Historic Synagogue". 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The New York Times. September 20, 1998. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180131041826/http://www.nytimes.com/1998/09/20/nyregion/congregants-uprooted-by-fire-find-home-for-holy-days.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 31, 2018. Retrieved April 20, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Congregants+Uprooted+by+Fire+Find+Home+for+Holy+Days&rft.date=1998-09-20&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1998%2F09%2F20%2Fnyregion%2Fcongregants-uprooted-by-fire-find-home-for-holy-days.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFenner1998" class="citation news cs1">Fenner, Austin (October 1, 1998). "Fire Can't Stop Rites of Central Synagogue". 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Chicago Tribune. p. 8. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1085-6706">1085-6706</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/418700989">418700989</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=A+Congregation+Endures+Though+Fire+Has+Damaged+Its+126-year-old+Temple%2C+New+York+City%27s+Oldest+Jewish+Reform+Congregation+Approaches+the+High+Holy+Days+With+Renewed+Hope&rft.pages=8&rft.date=1998-09-18&rft.issn=1085-6706&rft.aulast=Lieblich&rft.aufirst=Julia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1999-259">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1999_259-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1999_259-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Public Lives". The New York Times. 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(April 15, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2001/04/15/realestate/restoring-the-luster-to-sacred-sites.html">"Restoring The Luster To Sacred Sites"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240421173916/https://www.nytimes.com/2001/04/15/realestate/restoring-the-luster-to-sacred-sites.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 21, 2024. Retrieved April 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Restoring+The+Luster+To+Sacred+Sites&rft.date=2001-04-15&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Dunlap&rft.aufirst=David+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2001%2F04%2F15%2Frealestate%2Frestoring-the-luster-to-sacred-sites.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewine_1998_s955-261"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewine_1998_s955_261-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewine1998" class="citation web cs1">Lewine, Edward (September 20, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1998/09/20/nyregion/neighborhood-report-midtown-tsuris-time-for-yiddish-theater.html">"Neighborhood Report: Midtown; Tsuris Time for Yiddish Theater"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240419235942/https://www.nytimes.com/1998/09/20/nyregion/neighborhood-report-midtown-tsuris-time-for-yiddish-theater.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Neighborhood+Report%3A+Midtown%3B+Tsuris+Time+for+Yiddish+Theater&rft.date=1998-09-20&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Lewine&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1998%2F09%2F20%2Fnyregion%2Fneighborhood-report-midtown-tsuris-time-for-yiddish-theater.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Josephs_1998-262">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Josephs_1998_262-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Josephs_1998_262-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJosephs1998" class="citation news cs1">Josephs, Susan (December 4, 1998). "The Folksbiene, Forever Young: A grand dame of the Yiddish theater and a 28-year-old black actress continue an 83-year tradition in new production. A profile in two acts". 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The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240419235948/https://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/04/nyregion/neighborhood-report-midtown-update-show-will-go-yiddish-theater-finds-new-space.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 19, 2024. 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Retrieved April 25, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Senators+Eulogize+Javits+at+Funeral&rft.date=1986-03-11&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Berger&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1986%2F03%2F11%2Fnyregion%2Fsenators-eulogize-javits-at-funeral.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1986/03/11/jacob-javits-tributes-to-a-brave-spirit/912f6b0f-a280-4e2f-9cab-2b031f2000dc/">"Jacob Javits: Tributes to A Brave Spirit"</a>. Washington Post. December 29, 2023. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a>. Retrieved April 25, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Jacob+Javits%3A+Tributes+to+A+Brave+Spirit&rft.date=2023-12-29&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Flifestyle%2F1986%2F03%2F11%2Fjacob-javits-tributes-to-a-brave-spirit%2F912f6b0f-a280-4e2f-9cab-2b031f2000dc%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Naughton_Born_2011_x049-371"><a href="#cite_ref-Naughton_Born_2011_x049_371-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNaughtonBorn2011" class="citation web cs1">Naughton, Julie; Born, Pete (November 12, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wwd.com/business-news/human-resources/evelyn-lauder-dies-at-age-75-5365922/">"Remembering Evelyn Lauder"</a>. WWD. 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Spectrum News NY1. Retrieved April 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spectrum+News+NY1&rft.atitle=Richard+Ravitch+remembered+as+mentor%2C+titan+of+New+York&rft.date=2023-06-28&rft.aulast=Cuza&rft.aufirst=Bobby&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fny1.com%2Fnyc%2Fall-boroughs%2Fpolitics%2F2023%2F06%2F28%2Frichard-ravitch-remembered-as-mentor--titan-of-new-york-civic-life-at-funeral&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gurock_p._27-375"><a href="#cite_ref-Gurock_p._27_375-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurock2014">Gurock 2014</a>, p. 27. </li> <li id="cite_note-Barron_2006_s119-376"><a href="#cite_ref-Barron_2006_s119_376-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarron2006" class="citation web cs1">Barron, James (May 15, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/15/nyregion/a-m-rosenthal-is-remembered-for-tender-ferocity.html">"A. M. Rosenthal Is Remembered for 'Tender Ferocity'"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved April 22, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A.+M.+Rosenthal+Is+Remembered+for+%27Tender+Ferocity%27&rft.date=2006-05-15&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Barron&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F05%2F15%2Fnyregion%2Fa-m-rosenthal-is-remembered-for-tender-ferocity.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1936_v432-377"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1936_v432_377-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1936/01/16/archives/2000-attend-rites-for-s-l-rothafel-roxy-is-eulogized-by-the-rev-jb.html">"2,000 Attend Rites for S. L. Rothafel; 'Roxy' is Eulogized by the Rev. J.B. Wise as Possible Prophet of Amusement World"</a>. The New York Times. January 16, 1936. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved April 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=2%2C000+Attend+Rites+for+S.+L.+Rothafel%3B+%27Roxy%27+is+Eulogized+by+the+Rev.+J.B.+Wise+as+Possible+Prophet+of+Amusement+World.&rft.date=1936-01-16&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1936%2F01%2F16%2Farchives%2F2000-attend-rites-for-s-l-rothafel-roxy-is-eulogized-by-the-rev-jb.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-378"><a href="#cite_ref-378">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichardson2001" class="citation news cs1">Richardson, Clem (September 24, 2001). "Vips Eulogize 'Mr. N. Y.' ; Lew Rudin, Realty King and a City Savior, Honored". New York Daily News. p. 49. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2692-1251">2692-1251</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/305685543">305685543</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Vips+Eulogize+%27Mr.+N.+Y.%27+%3B+Lew+Rudin%2C+Realty+King+and+a+City+Savior%2C+Honored&rft.pages=49&rft.date=2001-09-24&rft.issn=2692-1251&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=Clem&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-379"><a href="#cite_ref-379">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/nytimes/obituary.aspx?n=stephen-susman&pid=196504303">"Obituary: STEPHEN SUSMAN"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. July 17, 2020 – via Legacy.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+STEPHEN+SUSMAN&rft.date=2020-07-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.legacy.com%2Fobituaries%2Fnytimes%2Fobituary.aspx%3Fn%3Dstephen-susman%26pid%3D196504303&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times_1988_z477-380">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1988_z477_380-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_1988_z477_380-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1988/04/19/nyregion/candlelight-wedding-joins-2-billionaire-families.html">"Candlelight Wedding Joins 2 Billionaire Families"</a>. The New York Times. April 19, 1988. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved April 22, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Candlelight+Wedding+Joins+2+Billionaire+Families&rft.date=1988-04-19&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1988%2F04%2F19%2Fnyregion%2Fcandlelight-wedding-joins-2-billionaire-families.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lipman_2003_n255-381"><a href="#cite_ref-Lipman_2003_n255_381-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLipman2003" class="citation web cs1">Lipman, Steve (November 18, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jta.org/2003/11/18/lifestyle/tisch-former-cbs-and-uja-chief-remembered">"Tisch, former CBS and UJA chief, remembered"</a>. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Retrieved April 22, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jewish+Telegraphic+Agency&rft.atitle=Tisch%2C+former+CBS+and+UJA+chief%2C+remembered&rft.date=2003-11-18&rft.aulast=Lipman&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jta.org%2F2003%2F11%2F18%2Flifestyle%2Ftisch-former-cbs-and-uja-chief-remembered&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-382"><a href="#cite_ref-382">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1962/11/18/archives/morris-c-troper-accountant-dies-founded-asylum-for-jewish-refugees.html">"Morris C. Troper, Accountant, Dies; Founded Asylum for Jewish Refugees During War Visited Soviet Twice"</a>. The New York Times. November 18, 1962. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved July 24, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Morris+C.+Troper%2C+Accountant%2C+Dies%3B+Founded+Asylum+for+Jewish+Refugees+During+War+Visited+Soviet+Twice&rft.date=1962-11-18&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1962%2F11%2F18%2Farchives%2Fmorris-c-troper-accountant-dies-founded-asylum-for-jewish-refugees.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-383"><a href="#cite_ref-383">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndersonDunlap1986" class="citation news cs1">Anderson, Susan Heller; Dunlap, David W. (January 20, 1986). "New York Day by Day". The New York Times. p. B4. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/110893623">110893623</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+York+Day+by+Day&rft.pages=B4&rft.date=1986-01-20&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Susan+Heller&rft.au=Dunlap%2C+David+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-384"><a href="#cite_ref-384">^</a> See, for example: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeigel2001" class="citation news cs1">Seigel, Jessica (November 6, 2001). "Firefighter chic". The Village Voice. pp. 49–51. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/232218887">232218887</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Village+Voice&rft.atitle=Firefighter+chic&rft.pages=49-51&rft.date=2001-11-06&rft.aulast=Seigel&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrossman2002" class="citation news cs1">Grossman, Cathy Lynn (September 5, 2002). "Passing the test of faith ; Houses of worship help NYC, D.C. heal from attacks' deep wounds". USA Today. p. D08. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/408946246">408946246</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Passing+the+test+of+faith+%3B+Houses+of+worship+help+NYC%2C+D.C.+heal+from+attacks%27+deep+wounds&rft.pages=D08&rft.date=2002-09-05&rft.aulast=Grossman&rft.aufirst=Cathy+Lynn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-385"><a href="#cite_ref-385">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRushMolloyBaramMalkin1999" class="citation news cs1">Rush, George; Molloy, Joanna; Baram, Marcus; Malkin, Marc S (July 12, 1999). "Leo, Scorsese Vote for Union Label". New York Daily News. p. 16. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2692-1251">2692-1251</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/313691365">313691365</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Leo%2C+Scorsese+Vote+for+Union+Label&rft.pages=16&rft.date=1999-07-12&rft.issn=2692-1251&rft.aulast=Rush&rft.aufirst=George&rft.au=Molloy%2C+Joanna&rft.au=Baram%2C+Marcus&rft.au=Malkin%2C+Marc+S&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Sources">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarista2001" class="citation news cs1">Barista, Dave (December 2001). "Tradition restored". Building Design & Construction. Vol. 42, no. 12. pp. 22–24. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/211015398">211015398</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Building+Design+%26+Construction&rft.atitle=Tradition+restored&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=22-24&rft.date=2001-12&rft.aulast=Barista&rft.aufirst=Dave&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBernstein2002" class="citation magazine cs1">Bernstein, Fred A. (May 2002). "Leap of faith". Interior Design. Vol. 73, no. 5. pp. 298–303. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/234936594">234936594</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interior+Design&rft.atitle=Leap+of+faith&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=298-303&rft.date=2002-05&rft.aulast=Bernstein&rft.aufirst=Fred+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlackmarGoren2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackmar" title="Elizabeth Blackmar">Blackmar, Elizabeth</a>; Goren, Arthur A. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://centralsynagogue.org/assets/downloads/CenSyn_Congretating-and-Consecrating-at-Central-Synagogue.pdf">Congregating and Consecrating at Central Synagogue</a> (PDF) (monograph). Columbia University; Central Synagogue. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9717285-1-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9717285-1-6"><bdi>978-0-9717285-1-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Congregating+and+Consecrating+at+Central+Synagogue&rft.pub=Columbia+University%3B+Central+Synagogue&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-9717285-1-6&rft.aulast=Blackmar&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.au=Goren%2C+Arthur+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcentralsynagogue.org%2Fassets%2Fdownloads%2FCenSyn_Congretating-and-Consecrating-at-Central-Synagogue.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBush2004" class="citation magazine cs1">Bush, Olga (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4127952">"The Architecture of Jewish Identity: The Neo-Islamic Central Synagogue of New York"</a>. Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians. Vol. 63, no. 2. [Society of Architectural Historians, University of California Press]. pp. 180–201. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0037-9808">0037-9808</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4127952">4127952</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Society+of+Architectural+Historians&rft.atitle=The+Architecture+of+Jewish+Identity%3A+The+Neo-Islamic+Central+Synagogue+of+New+York&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=180-201&rft.date=2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4127952%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=0037-9808&rft.aulast=Bush&rft.aufirst=Olga&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4127952&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNational_Park_Service1975" class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/GetAsset/a50fb1ba-0e44-47fd-a122-c343a247cd7b/">Central Synagogue</a> (Report). <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a>. May 19, 1975.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Central+Synagogue&rft.pub=National+Register+of+Historic+Places%2C+National+Park+Service&rft.date=1975-05-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnpgallery.nps.gov%2FGetAsset%2Fa50fb1ba-0e44-47fd-a122-c343a247cd7b%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDolkart2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Dolkart" title="Andrew Dolkart">Dolkart, Andrew</a> (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://centralsynagogue.org/assets/downloads/CenSyn_Central-Synagogue-in-its-changing-neighborhood.pdf">Central Synagogue in Its Changing Neighborhood</a> (PDF) (monograph). The Synagogue. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9717285-0-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9717285-0-9"><bdi>978-0-9717285-0-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Central+Synagogue+in+Its+Changing+Neighborhood&rft.pub=The+Synagogue&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-9717285-0-9&rft.aulast=Dolkart&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcentralsynagogue.org%2Fassets%2Fdownloads%2FCenSyn_Central-Synagogue-in-its-changing-neighborhood.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFuldStoneRoss1979" class="citation book cs1">Fuld, Stella F.; Stone, Janet; Ross, Mildred (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://centralsynagogue.org/assets/downloads/CenSyn_Central-Synogogue-140-years.pdf">Central Synagogue, 140 Years: A Proud Tradition – A Vital Future</a> (PDF) (brochure). Central Synagogue.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Central+Synagogue%2C+140+Years%3A+A+Proud+Tradition+%E2%80%93+A+Vital+Future&rft.pub=Central+Synagogue&rft.date=1979&rft.aulast=Fuld&rft.aufirst=Stella+F.&rft.au=Stone%2C+Janet&rft.au=Ross%2C+Mildred&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcentralsynagogue.org%2Fassets%2Fdownloads%2FCenSyn_Central-Synogogue-140-years.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGurock2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_S._Gurock" title="Jeffrey S. Gurock">Gurock, Jeffrey S.</a> (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://centralsynagogue.org/assets/downloads/CenSyn_The-Wide-World-of-Central-Synagogue.pdf">The Wide World of Central Synagogue</a> (PDF) (monograph). Central Synagogue. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9717285-3-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9717285-3-0"><bdi>978-0-9717285-3-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Wide+World+of+Central+Synagogue&rft.pub=Central+Synagogue&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-9717285-3-0&rft.aulast=Gurock&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcentralsynagogue.org%2Fassets%2Fdownloads%2FCenSyn_The-Wide-World-of-Central-Synagogue.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHardy2001" class="citation magazine cs1">Hardy, Hugh (April 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://usmodernist.org/FF/FF-2001-04.pdf">"Restoring New York's Central Synagogue"</a> (PDF). Interfaith Forum on Religion, Art & Architecture. Vol. XXXIV, no. 4. pp. 8–10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interfaith+Forum+on+Religion%2C+Art+%26+Architecture&rft.atitle=Restoring+New+York%27s+Central+Synagogue&rft.volume=XXXIV&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=8-10&rft.date=2001-04&rft.aulast=Hardy&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fusmodernist.org%2FFF%2FFF-2001-04.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSternFishmanTilove2006" class="citation book cs1">Stern, Robert A. M.; Fishman, David; Tilove, Jacob (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newyork2000archi0000ster">New York 2000: Architecture and Urbanism Between the Bicentennial and the Millennium</a>. New York: Monacelli Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58093-177-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58093-177-9"><bdi>978-1-58093-177-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/70267065">70267065</a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL22741487M">22741487M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+York+2000%3A+Architecture+and+Urbanism+Between+the+Bicentennial+and+the+Millennium&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Monacelli+Press&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F70267065&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL22741487M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=978-1-58093-177-9&rft.aulast=Stern&rft.aufirst=Robert+A.+M.&rft.au=Fishman%2C+David&rft.au=Tilove%2C+Jacob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnewyork2000archi0000ster&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStolzmanStolzman2004" class="citation book cs1">Stolzman, Henry; Stolzman, Daniel (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tfJNHoiMDSoC">Synagogue Architecture in America: Faith, Spirit & Identity</a>. Religious Architecture Series. Images. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86470-074-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86470-074-9"><bdi>978-1-86470-074-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Synagogue+Architecture+in+America%3A+Faith%2C+Spirit+%26+Identity&rft.series=Religious+Architecture+Series&rft.pub=Images&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-86470-074-9&rft.aulast=Stolzman&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.au=Stolzman%2C+Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtfJNHoiMDSoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZola2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gary_P._Zola" title="Gary P. Zola">Zola, Gary P.</a> (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.centralsynagogue.org/assets/downloads/Book_2008_Zola.pdf">The Americanization of the Jewish Prayer Book and the Liturgical Development of Congregation Ahawath Chesed, New York City</a> (PDF) (monograph). New York: Central Synagogue. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4276-3118-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4276-3118-3"><bdi>978-1-4276-3118-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/2008928351">2008928351</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/244926188">244926188</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Americanization+of+the+Jewish+Prayer+Book+and+the+Liturgical+Development+of+Congregation+Ahawath+Chesed%2C+New+York+City&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Central+Synagogue&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F244926188&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F2008928351&rft.isbn=978-1-4276-3118-3&rft.aulast=Zola&rft.aufirst=Gary+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.centralsynagogue.org%2Fassets%2Fdownloads%2FBook_2008_Zola.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+Synagogue+%28Manhattan%29" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Midtown_(42nd–59th_Streets)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Midtown_North,_Manhattan" title="Template:Midtown North, Manhattan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Midtown_North,_Manhattan" title="Template talk:Midtown North, Manhattan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Midtown_North,_Manhattan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Midtown North, Manhattan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Midtown_(42nd–59th_Streets)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Midtown_Manhattan" title="Midtown Manhattan">Midtown (42nd–59th Streets)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Buildings" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Buildings</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West of 5th Av</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_Worldwide_Plaza" title="One Worldwide Plaza">1 Worldwide Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_Columbus_Circle" title="2 Columbus Circle">2 Columbus Cir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_Columbus_Circle" title="5 Columbus Circle">5 Columbus Cir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_West_54th_Street" title="5 West 54th Street">5 W 54th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7_West_54th_Street" title="7 West 54th Street">7 W 54th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_West_56th_Street" title="10 West 56th Street">10 W 56th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11_West_54th_Street" title="11 West 54th Street">11 W 54th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_West_56th_Street" title="12 West 56th Street">12 W 56th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13_and_15_West_54th_Street" title="13 and 15 West 54th Street">13–15 W 54th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30_West_44th_Street" title="30 West 44th Street">30 W 44th St (Penn Club)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30_West_56th_Street" title="30 West 56th Street">30 W 56th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/46_West_55th_Street" title="46 West 55th Street">46 W 55th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53W53" title="53W53">53W53</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/111_West_57th_Street" title="111 West 57th Street">111 W 57th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_of_Performing_Arts" title="High School of Performing Arts">120 W 46th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/125_West_55th_Street" title="125 West 55th Street">125 W 55th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/130_West_57th_Street" title="130 West 57th Street">130 W 57th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/140_West_57th_Street" title="140 West 57th Street">140 W 57th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/165_West_57th_Street" title="165 West 57th Street">165 W 57th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/200_Central_Park_South" title="200 Central Park South">200 Central Park S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/218_West_57th_Street" title="218 West 57th Street">218 W 57th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/220_Central_Park_South" title="220 Central Park South">220 Central Park S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/224_West_57th_Street" title="224 West 57th Street">224 W 57th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/240_Central_Park_South" title="240 Central Park South">240 Central Park S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/500_Fifth_Avenue" title="500 Fifth Avenue">500 5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/520_Fifth_Avenue" title="520 Fifth Avenue">520 5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/608_Fifth_Avenue" title="608 Fifth Avenue">608 5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/650_Fifth_Avenue" title="650 Fifth Avenue">650 5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/660_Fifth_Avenue" title="660 Fifth Avenue">660 5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/712_Fifth_Avenue" title="712 Fifth Avenue">712 5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/740_Eighth_Avenue" title="740 Eighth Avenue">740 8th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/750_Seventh_Avenue" title="750 Seventh Avenue">750 7th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/810_Seventh_Avenue" title="810 Seventh Avenue">810 7th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/888_Seventh_Avenue" title="888 Seventh Avenue">888 7th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1166_Avenue_of_the_Americas" title="1166 Avenue of the Americas">1166 6th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1301_Avenue_of_the_Americas" title="1301 Avenue of the Americas">1301 6th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1345_Avenue_of_the_Americas" title="1345 Avenue of the Americas">1345 6th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1717_Broadway" title="1717 Broadway">1717 Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1740_Broadway" title="1740 Broadway">1740 Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeolian_Building_(42nd_Street)" title="Aeolian Building (42nd Street)">Aeolian Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alwyn_Court" title="Alwyn Court">Alwyn Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americas_Tower" title="Americas Tower">Americas Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARO_(building)" title="ARO (building)">ARO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axa_Equitable_Center" title="Axa Equitable Center">Axa Equitable Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_America_Tower_(Manhattan)" title="Bank of America Tower (Manhattan)">Bank of America Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergdorf_Goodman_Building" title="Bergdorf Goodman Building">Bergdorf Goodman Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Briarcliffe" title="The Briarcliffe">The Briarcliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brill_Building" title="Brill Building">Brill Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvary_Baptist_Church_(Manhattan)" title="Calvary Baptist Church (Manhattan)">Calvary Baptist Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Hall_Tower" title="Carnegie Hall Tower">Carnegie Hall Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Park_Place" title="Central Park Place">Central Park Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Park_Tower" title="Central Park Tower">Central Park Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBS_Building" title="CBS Building">CBS Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._Mary_the_Virgin_(Manhattan)" title="Church of St. Mary the Virgin (Manhattan)">Church of St. Mary the Virgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Building_(Manhattan)" title="Crown Building (Manhattan)">Crown Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coty_Building" title="Coty Building">Coty Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Bank_Center" title="Deutsche Bank Center">Deutsche Bank Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Michelangelo" title="The Michelangelo">Executive Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue_Presbyterian_Church" title="Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Church">Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gainsborough_Studios_(Manhattan)" title="Gainsborough Studios (Manhattan)">Gainsborough Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampshire_House" title="Hampshire House">Hampshire House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hearst_Tower_(Manhattan)" title="Hearst Tower (Manhattan)">Hearst Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manufacturers_Trust_Company_Building" title="Manufacturers Trust Company Building">Manufacturers Trust Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Hellinger_Theatre" title="Mark Hellinger Theatre">Mark Hellinger Theatre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Times_Square_Church" title="Times Square Church">Times Square Church</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Tower_(Manhattan)" title="Metropolitan Tower (Manhattan)">Metropolitan Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_the_New_York_City_Bar_Association" title="House of the New York City Bar Association">New York City Bar Association Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Yacht_Club_Building" title="New York Yacht Club Building">New York Yacht Club Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One57" title="One57">One57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Osborne" title="The Osborne">The Osborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramount_Plaza" title="Paramount Plaza">Paramount Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_House_(New_York_City)" title="Park House (New York City)">Park House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Center" title="Philippine Center">Philippine Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Random_House_Tower" title="Random House Tower">Random House Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Apartments" title="Rockefeller Apartments">Rockefeller Apts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodin_Studios" title="Rodin Studios">Rodin Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Malachy_Roman_Catholic_Church" title="St. Malachy Roman Catholic Church">St. Malachy Roman Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Thomas_Church_(Manhattan)" title="Saint Thomas Church (Manhattan)">St. Thomas Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmon_Tower_Building" title="Salmon Tower Building">Salmon Tower Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solow_Building" title="Solow Building">Solow Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_49" title="Tower 49">Tower 49</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_Fifth" title="Tower Fifth">Tower Fifth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_Parc" title="Trump Parc">Trump Parc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._R._Grace_Building" title="W. R. Grace Building">W. R. Grace Bldg</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Center" title="Rockefeller Center">Rockefeller Center</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1_Rockefeller_Plaza" title="1 Rockefeller Plaza">1 Rockefeller Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_Rockefeller_Plaza" title="10 Rockefeller Plaza">10 Rockefeller Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30_Rockefeller_Plaza" title="30 Rockefeller Plaza">30 Rockefeller Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50_Rockefeller_Plaza" title="50 Rockefeller Plaza">50 Rockefeller Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/75_Rockefeller_Plaza" title="75 Rockefeller Plaza">75 Rockefeller Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1211_Avenue_of_the_Americas" title="1211 Avenue of the Americas">1211 6th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1221_Avenue_of_the_Americas" title="1221 Avenue of the Americas">1221 6th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1251_Avenue_of_the_Americas" title="1251 Avenue of the Americas">1251 6th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1271_Avenue_of_the_Americas" title="1271 Avenue of the Americas">1271 6th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Empire_Building" title="British Empire Building">British Empire Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Building_(Rockefeller_Center)" title="International Building (Rockefeller Center)">International Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Maison_Francaise_(Rockefeller_Center)" title="La Maison Francaise (Rockefeller Center)">La Maison Francaise</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Times_Square" title="Times Square">Times Square</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_Astor_Plaza" title="One Astor Plaza">1 Astor Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Times_Square" title="One Times Square">1 Times Sq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_Times_Square" title="3 Times Square">3 Times Sq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Times_Square" title="4 Times Square">4 Times Sq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleven_Times_Square" title="Eleven Times Square">11 Times Sq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20_Times_Square" title="20 Times Square">20 Times Sq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/229_West_43rd_Street" title="229 West 43rd Street">229 W 43rd St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Times_Square_Hotel" title="Times Square Hotel">255 W 43rd St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1500_Broadway" title="1500 Broadway">1500 Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1501_Broadway" title="1501 Broadway">1501 Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1540_Broadway" title="1540 Broadway">1540 Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1552_Broadway" title="1552 Broadway">1552 Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1585_Broadway" title="1585 Broadway">1585 Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSX_Broadway" title="TSX Broadway">TSX Broadway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East of 5th Av</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_Vanderbilt" title="One Vanderbilt">One Vanderbilt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_East_57th_Street" title="3 East 57th Street">3 E 57th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hale_Building" title="Hale Building">7 E 44th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_East_53rd_Street" title="12 East 53rd Street">12 E 53rd St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18_East_50th_Street" title="18 East 50th Street">18 E 50th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19_East_54th_Street" title="19 East 54th Street">19 E 54th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selene_(building)" title="Selene (building)">100 E 53rd St (Selene)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/138_East_50th_Street" title="138 East 50th Street">138 E 50th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/175_Park_Avenue" title="175 Park Avenue">175 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/252_East_57th_Street" title="252 East 57th Street">252 E 57th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/245_Park_Avenue" title="245 Park Avenue">245 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/270_Park_Avenue_(2021%E2%80%93present)" title="270 Park Avenue (2021–present)">270 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/277_Park_Avenue" title="277 Park Avenue">277 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/299_Park_Avenue" title="299 Park Avenue">299 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/345_Park_Avenue" title="345 Park Avenue">345 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/383_Madison_Avenue" title="383 Madison Avenue">383 Madison Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/399_Park_Avenue" title="399 Park Avenue">399 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/400_Madison_Avenue" title="400 Madison Avenue">400 Madison Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/425_Park_Avenue" title="425 Park Avenue">425 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/432_Park_Avenue" title="432 Park Avenue">432 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/450_Lexington_Avenue" title="450 Lexington Avenue">450 Lexington Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/450_Park_Avenue" title="450 Park Avenue">450 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/488_Madison_Avenue" title="488 Madison Avenue">488 Madison Av (Look Bldg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/500_Park_Avenue" title="500 Park Avenue">500 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/525_Lexington_Avenue" title="525 Lexington Avenue">525 Lexington Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/550_Madison_Avenue" title="550 Madison Avenue">550 Madison Av (Sony Bldg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/569_Lexington_Avenue" title="569 Lexington Avenue">569 Lexington Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/590_Madison_Avenue" title="590 Madison Avenue">590 Madison Av (IBM Bldg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/599_Lexington_Avenue" title="599 Lexington Avenue">599 Lexington Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/647_Fifth_Avenue" title="647 Fifth Avenue">647 5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/689_Fifth_Avenue" title="689 Fifth Avenue">689 5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/731_Lexington_Avenue" title="731 Lexington Avenue">731 Lexington Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/919_Third_Avenue" title="919 Third Avenue">919 3rd Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Fifth_Avenue" title="Apple Fifth Avenue">Apple Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartier_Building" title="Cartier Building">Cartier Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBS_Studio_Building" title="CBS Studio Building">CBS Studio Bldg</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Central Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Scribner%27s_Sons_Building" title="Charles Scribner's Sons Building">Charles Scribner's Sons Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Building" title="Chrysler Building">Chrysler Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Sweden_in_New_York" title="Church of Sweden in New York">Church of Sweden in New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citigroup_Center" title="Citigroup Center">Citigroup Ctr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CitySpire" title="CitySpire">CitySpire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DuMont_Building" title="DuMont Building">DuMont Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Church_of_Christ,_Scientist_(New_York_City)" title="Fifth Church of Christ, Scientist (New York City)">Fifth Church of Christ, Scientist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_F._French_Building" title="Fred F. French Building">Fred F. French Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuller_Building" title="Fuller Building">Fuller Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Electric_Building" title="General Electric Building">General Electric Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Motors_Building_(Manhattan)" title="General Motors Building (Manhattan)">General Motors Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graybar_Building" title="Graybar Building">Graybar Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmsley_Building" title="Helmsley Building">Helmsley Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lever_House" title="Lever House">Lever House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipstick_Building" title="Lipstick Building">Lipstick Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LVMH_Tower" title="LVMH Tower">LVMH Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MetLife_Building" title="MetLife Building">MetLife Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modulightor_Building" title="Modulightor Building">Modulightor Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Moore_House" title="William H. Moore House">William H. Moore House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Tower" title="Olympic Tower">Olympic Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Plaza" title="Park Avenue Plaza">Park Avenue Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Tower" title="Park Avenue Tower">Park Avenue Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritz_Tower" title="Ritz Tower">Ritz Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saks_Fifth_Avenue_flagship_store" title="Saks Fifth Avenue flagship store">Saks Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Agnes_Church_(New_York_City)" title="St. Agnes Church (New York City)">St. Agnes Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Bartholomew%27s_Episcopal_Church_(Manhattan)" title="St. Bartholomew's Episcopal Church (Manhattan)">St. Bartholomew's Episcopal Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Patrick%27s_Cathedral_(Midtown_Manhattan)" title="St. Patrick's Cathedral (Midtown Manhattan)">St. Patrick's Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seagram_Building" title="Seagram Building">Seagram Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutton_58" title="Sutton 58">Sutton 58</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffany_%26_Co._flagship_store" title="Tiffany & Co. flagship store">Tiffany & Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_Tower" title="Trump Tower">Trump Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villard_Houses" title="Villard Houses">Villard Houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_and_Helen_Ziegler_House" title="William and Helen Ziegler House">William and Helen Ziegler House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Palace" title="Grand Central Palace">Grand Central Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Marguery" title="Hotel Marguery">Hotel Marguery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mrs._O._H._P._Belmont_House" title="Mrs. O. H. P. Belmont House">Mrs. O. H. P. Belmont House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherwood_Studio_Building" title="Sherwood Studio Building">Sherwood Studio Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Nicholas_Collegiate_Reformed_Protestant_Dutch_Church" title="St. Nicholas Collegiate Reformed Protestant Dutch Church">St. Nicholas Collegiate Reformed Protestant Dutch Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Studebaker_Building_(Midtown_Manhattan)" title="Studebaker Building (Midtown Manhattan)">Studebaker Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanu-El_(New_York,_1868)" title="Temple Emanu-El (New York, 1868)">Temple Emanu-El</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/270_Park_Avenue_(1960%E2%80%932021)" title="270 Park Avenue (1960–2021)">Union Carbide Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_Triple_Palace" title="Vanderbilt Triple Palace">Vanderbilt Triple Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_K._Vanderbilt_House" title="William K. Vanderbilt House">William K. Vanderbilt House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Presbyterian_Church" title="West Presbyterian Church">West Presbyterian Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Theaters" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Theaters</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Broadway_theaters" title="List of Broadway theaters">Broadway theaters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambassador_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Ambassador Theatre (New York City)">Ambassador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Wilson_Theatre" title="August Wilson Theatre">August Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belasco_Theatre" title="Belasco Theatre">Belasco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_B._Jacobs_Theatre" title="Bernard B. Jacobs Theatre">Bernard B. Jacobs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booth_Theatre" title="Booth Theatre">Booth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadhurst_Theatre" title="Broadhurst Theatre">Broadhurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_Theatre_(53rd_Street)" title="Broadway Theatre (53rd Street)">Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circle_in_the_Square_Theatre" title="Circle in the Square Theatre">Circle in the Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethel_Barrymore_Theatre" title="Ethel Barrymore Theatre">Ethel Barrymore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_O%27Neill_Theatre" title="Eugene O'Neill Theatre">Eugene O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Schoenfeld_Theatre" title="Gerald Schoenfeld Theatre">Gerald Schoenfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gershwin_Theatre" title="Gershwin Theatre">Gershwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayes_Theater" title="Hayes Theater">Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Theatre" title="Hudson Theatre">Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Theatre" title="Imperial Theatre">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones_Theatre" title="James Earl Jones Theatre">James Earl Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Golden_Theatre" title="John Golden Theatre">John Golden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lena_Horne_Theatre" title="Lena Horne Theatre">Lena Horne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longacre_Theatre" title="Longacre Theatre">Longacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunt-Fontanne_Theatre" title="Lunt-Fontanne Theatre">Lunt-Fontanne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyceum_Theatre_(Broadway)" title="Lyceum Theatre (Broadway)">Lyceum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyric_Theatre_(New_York_City,_1998)" title="Lyric Theatre (New York City, 1998)">Lyric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majestic_Theatre_(Broadway)" title="Majestic Theatre (Broadway)">Majestic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_Theatre" title="Marquis Theatre">Marquis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minskoff_Theatre" title="Minskoff Theatre">Minskoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_Box_Theatre" title="Music Box Theatre">Music Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Simon_Theatre" title="Neil Simon Theatre">Neil Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Palace Theatre (New York City)">Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rodgers_Theatre" title="Richard Rodgers Theatre">Richard Rodgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._James_Theatre" title="St. James Theatre">St. James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Friedman_Theatre" title="Samuel J. Friedman Theatre">Samuel J. Friedman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shubert_Theatre_(Broadway)" title="Shubert Theatre (Broadway)">Shubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Sondheim_Theatre" title="Stephen Sondheim Theatre">Stephen Sondheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Studio_54" title="Studio 54">Studio 54</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Haimes_Theatre" title="Todd Haimes Theatre">Todd Haimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Kerr_Theatre" title="Walter Kerr Theatre">Walter Kerr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_Garden_Theatre" title="Winter Garden Theatre">Winter Garden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/55th_Street_Playhouse" title="55th Street Playhouse">55th Street Playhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Hall" title="Carnegie Hall">Carnegie Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Sullivan_Theater" title="Ed Sullivan Theater">Ed Sullivan Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_ImaginAsian" title="The ImaginAsian">The ImaginAsian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Victory_Theater" title="New Victory Theater">New Victory Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Center" title="New York City Center">New York City Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Theater_(Manhattan)" title="Paris Theater (Manhattan)">Paris Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_City_Music_Hall" title="Radio City Music Hall">Radio City Music Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Hall" title="Sony Hall">Sony Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Theater_Center" title="The Theater Center">The Theater Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Town_Hall_(New_York_City)" title="The Town Hall (New York City)">The Town Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_Theatre" title="York Theatre">York Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Closed/demolished</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/44th_Street_Theatre" title="44th Street Theatre">44th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/48th_Street_Theatre" title="48th Street Theatre">48th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Theatre_(42nd_Street)" title="Apollo Theatre (42nd Street)">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Center Theatre (New York City)">Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitol_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Capitol Theatre (New York City)">Capitol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Carroll_Theatre" title="Earl Carroll Theatre">Earl Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edison_Theatre" title="Edison Theatre">Edison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Embassy Theatre (New York City)">Embassy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulton_Theatre" title="Fulton Theatre">Fulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Cohan%27s_Theatre" title="George M. Cohan's Theatre">George M. Cohan's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loew%27s_State_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Loew's State Theatre (New York City)">Loew's State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyric_Theatre_(New_York_City,_1998)" title="Lyric Theatre (New York City, 1998)">Lyric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Century_Theatre" title="New Century Theatre">New Century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympia_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Olympia Theatre (New York City)">Olympia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxy_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Roxy Theatre (New York City)">Roxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strand_Theatre_(Manhattan)" title="Strand Theatre (Manhattan)">Strand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Times_Square_Theater" title="Times Square Theater">Times Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Theatre_(Hammerstein%27s)" title="Victoria Theatre (Hammerstein's)">Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Theatre_(1927)" title="Ziegfeld Theatre (1927)">Ziegfeld (1927)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Theatre_(1969)" title="Ziegfeld Theatre (1969)">Ziegfeld (1969)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Hotels" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Hotels</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algonquin_Hotel" title="Algonquin Hotel">Algonquin Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allerton_Hotel_for_Women" title="Allerton Hotel for Women">Allerton Hotel for Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Benjamin_Royal_Sonesta_New_York" title="The Benjamin Royal Sonesta New York">The Benjamin Royal Sonesta New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassa_Hotel_%26_Residences" title="Cassa Hotel & Residences">Cassa Hotel & Residences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Chatwal_New_York" title="The Chatwal New York">The Chatwal New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webster_Hotel" title="Webster Hotel">Club Quarters, Midtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowne_Plaza_Times_Square_Manhattan" title="Crowne Plaza Times Square Manhattan">Crowne Plaza Times Square Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Seasons_Hotel_New_York" title="Four Seasons Hotel New York">Four Seasons Hotel New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Edison" title="Hotel Edison">Hotel Edison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Elys%C3%A9e" title="Hotel Elysée">Hotel Elysée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Gerard" title="Hotel Gerard">Hotel Gerard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyatt_Grand_Central_New_York" title="Hyatt Grand Central New York">Hyatt Grand Central New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InterContinental_New_York_Barclay_Hotel" title="InterContinental New York Barclay Hotel">InterContinental New York Barclay Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JW_Marriott_Essex_House" title="JW Marriott Essex House">JW Marriott Essex House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Iroquois_New_York" title="The Iroquois New York">The Iroquois New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Hotel_(New_York_City)" title="Lexington Hotel (New York City)">Lexington Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombardy_Hotel" title="Lombardy Hotel">Lombardy Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotte_New_York_Palace_Hotel" title="Lotte New York Palace Hotel">Lotte New York Palace Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxor_Hotel_(New_York_City)" title="Luxor Hotel (New York City)">Luxor Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansfield_Hotel" title="Mansfield Hotel">Mansfield Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Michelangelo" title="The Michelangelo">The Michelangelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millennium_Times_Square_New_York" title="Millennium Times Square New York">Millennium Times Square New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Hilton_Midtown" title="New York Hilton Midtown">New York Hilton Midtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Marriott_Marquis" title="New York Marriott Marquis">New York Marriott Marquis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramount_Hotel" title="Paramount Hotel">Paramount Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Central_Hotel" title="Park Central Hotel">Park Central Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Lane_Hotel_(Manhattan)" title="Park Lane Hotel (Manhattan)">Park Lane Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Peninsula_New_York" title="The Peninsula New York">The Peninsula New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaza_Hotel" title="Plaza Hotel">Plaza Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Quin" title="The Quin">The Quin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_St._Moritz" title="Hotel St. Moritz">The Ritz-Carlton New York, Central Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Smith_Hotel" title="Roger Smith Hotel">Roger Smith Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Row_NYC_Hotel" title="Row NYC Hotel">Row NYC Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royalton_Hotel" title="Royalton Hotel">Royalton Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Regis_New_York" title="St. Regis New York">St. Regis New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheraton_New_York_Times_Square_Hotel" title="Sheraton New York Times Square Hotel">Sheraton New York Times Square Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofitel_New_York_Hotel" title="Sofitel New York Hotel">Sofitel New York Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thompson_Central_Park_New_York_Hotel" title="Thompson Central Park New York Hotel">Thompson Central Park New York Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldorf_Astoria_New_York" title="Waldorf Astoria New York">Waldorf Astoria New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warwick_New_York_Hotel" title="Warwick New York Hotel">Warwick New York Hotel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/569_Lexington_Avenue" title="569 Lexington Avenue">DoubleTree by Hilton Hotel Metropolitan New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Carter" title="Hotel Carter">Hotel Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Claridge" title="Hotel Claridge">Hotel Claridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Manhattan" title="Hotel Manhattan">Hotel Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Metropole_(New_York_City)" title="Hotel Metropole (New York City)">Hotel Metropole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Biltmore_Hotel" title="New York Biltmore Hotel">New York Biltmore Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/525_Lexington_Avenue" title="525 Lexington Avenue">New York Marriott East Side</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omni_Berkshire_Place" title="Omni Berkshire Place">Omni Berkshire Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pabst_Hotel" title="Pabst Hotel">Pabst Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritz-Carlton_Hotel_(New_York_City)" title="Ritz-Carlton Hotel (New York City)">Ritz-Carlton Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Hotel_(Manhattan)" title="Roosevelt Hotel (Manhattan)">Roosevelt Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savoy-Plaza_Hotel" title="Savoy-Plaza Hotel">Savoy-Plaza Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Times_Square_Hotel" title="Times Square Hotel">Times Square Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weylin_Hotel" title="Weylin Hotel">Weylin Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor_Hotel_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Windsor Hotel (Manhattan)">Windsor Hotel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other_points_of_interest" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other points of interest</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Restaurants/ nightlife</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/21_Club" title="21 Club">21 Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/54_Below" title="54 Below">54 Below</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alto_(restaurant)" title="Alto (restaurant)">Alto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthos_(restaurant)" title="Anthos (restaurant)">Anthos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aureole_(restaurant)" title="Aureole (restaurant)">Aureole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burger_Heaven" title="Burger Heaven">Burger Heaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Bernardin" title="Le Bernardin">Le Bernardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cafe_Chambord" title="Cafe Chambord">Cafe Chambord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campbell_Apartment" title="Campbell Apartment">Campbell Apartment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Caravelle_(New_York_City)" title="La Caravelle (New York City)">La Caravelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caviar_Russe" title="Caviar Russe">Caviar Russe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Del_Pezzo_Restaurant" title="Del Pezzo Restaurant">Del Pezzo Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen%27s_Stardust_Diner" title="Ellen's Stardust Diner">Ellen's Stardust Diner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Twenty_Five" title="Four Twenty Five">Four Twenty Five</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Kreuther" title="Gabriel Kreuther">Gabriel Kreuther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallagher%27s_Steakhouse" title="Gallagher's Steakhouse">Gallagher's Steakhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Oyster_Bar_%26_Restaurant" title="Grand Central Oyster Bar & Restaurant">Grand Central Oyster Bar & Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Grenouille_(restaurant)" title="La Grenouille (restaurant)">La Grenouille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iridium_Jazz_Club" title="Iridium Jazz Club">Iridium Jazz Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Jardinier" title="Le Jardinier">Le Jardinier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Cole_Bar" class="mw-redirect" title="King Cole Bar">King Cole Bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurumazushi" title="Kurumazushi">Kurumazushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Quarter_(nightclub)" title="Latin Quarter (nightclub)">Latin Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lespinasse_(restaurant)" title="Lespinasse (restaurant)">Lespinasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marea_(restaurant)" title="Marea (restaurant)">Marea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naro_(restaurant)" title="Naro (restaurant)">Naro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Seasons_Restaurant" title="Four Seasons Restaurant">The Pool and the Grill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceana_(restaurant)" title="Oceana (restaurant)">Oceana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Original_Soupman" title="The Original Soupman">The Original Soupman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._J._Clarke%27s" title="P. J. Clarke's">P. J. Clarke's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patsy%27s" title="Patsy's">Patsy's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Pavillon_(Daniel_Boulud_restaurant)" title="Le Pavillon (Daniel Boulud restaurant)">Le Pavillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Burger" title="Prime Burger">Prime Burger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Quilted_Giraffe" title="The Quilted Giraffe">The Quilted Giraffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_Room" title="Rainbow Room">Rainbow Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restaurant_Aquavit" title="Restaurant Aquavit">Restaurant Aquavit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumpelmayer%27s_(New_York_City)" title="Rumpelmayer's (New York City)">Rumpelmayer's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Tea_Room" title="Russian Tea Room">Russian Tea Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardi%27s" title="Sardi's">Sardi's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satsuki_(restaurant)" title="Satsuki (restaurant)">Satsuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shun_Lee_Palace" title="Shun Lee Palace">Shun Lee Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_Deli" title="Stage Deli">Stage Deli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Campbell" class="mw-redirect" title="The Campbell">The Campbell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums/ cultural centers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Cultural_Forum_New_York" title="Austrian Cultural Forum New York">Austrian Cultural Forum New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girl_Scout_Museum_and_Archives" title="Girl Scout Museum and Archives">Girl Scout Museum and Archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Mossman_Lock_Museum" title="John M. Mossman Lock Museum">John M. Mossman Lock Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Cultural_Center_New_York" title="Korean Cultural Center New York">Korean Cultural Center New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madame_Tussauds_New_York" title="Madame Tussauds New York">Madame Tussauds New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Arts_and_Design" title="Museum of Arts and Design">Museum of Arts and Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Broadway" title="Museum of Broadway">Museum of Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="Museum of Modern Art">Museum of Modern Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Transit_Museum" title="New York Transit Museum">New York Transit Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paley_Center_for_Media#New_York" title="Paley Center for Media">Paley Center for Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Museum" title="Rose Museum">Rose Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spyscape" title="Spyscape">Spyscape</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stores</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argosy_Book_Store" title="Argosy Book Store">Argosy Book Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotham_Book_Mart" title="Gotham Book Mart">Gotham Book Mart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Clubhouses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Fine_Arts_Society" title="American Fine Arts Society">American Fine Arts Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Brook" title="The Brook">The Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Century_Association" title="Century Association">Century Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornell_Club_of_New_York" title="Cornell Club of New York">Cornell Club of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Club_of_New_York_City" title="Harvard Club of New York City">Harvard Club of New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Athletic_Club" title="New York Athletic Club">New York Athletic Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Bar_Association" title="New York City Bar Association">New York City Bar Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Friars_Club" title="New York Friars Club">New York Friars Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Yacht_Club" title="New York Yacht Club">New York Yacht Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penn_Club_of_New_York" title="Penn Club of New York">Penn Club of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racquet_and_Tennis_Club" title="Racquet and Tennis Club">Racquet and Tennis Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Club_of_New_York" title="University Club of New York">University Club of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_National_Republican_Club" title="Women's National Republican Club">Women's National Republican Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Yale_Club_of_New_York_City" title="The Yale Club of New York City">Yale Club of New York City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Clubhouses (former)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Princeton_Club_of_New_York" title="Princeton Club of New York">Princeton Club of New York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Green spaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abby_Aldrich_Rockefeller_Sculpture_Garden" title="Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Sculpture Garden">Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Sculpture Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Park" title="Central Park">Central Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Army_Plaza_(Manhattan)" title="Grand Army Plaza (Manhattan)">Grand Army Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenacre_Park" title="Greenacre Park">Greenacre Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paley_Park" title="Paley Park">Paley Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Educational institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/53rd_Street_Library" title="53rd Street Library">53rd Street Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circle_in_the_Square_Theatre_School" title="Circle in the Square Theatre School">Circle in the Square Theatre School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CUNY_School_of_Labor_and_Urban_Studies" title="CUNY School of Labor and Urban Studies">CUNY School of Labor and Urban Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_of_Performing_Arts" title="High School of Performing Arts">High School of Performing Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Kennedy_Onassis_High_School_for_International_Careers" title="Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis High School for International Careers">Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis High School for International Careers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Thomas_Choir_School" title="Saint Thomas Choir School">Saint Thomas Choir School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_University_of_New_York_College_of_Optometry" title="State University of New York College of Optometry">SUNY College of Optometry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art galleries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galerie_St._Etienne" title="Galerie St. Etienne">Galerie St. Etienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehs_Galleries" title="Rehs Galleries">Rehs Galleries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Transportation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Transportation</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">Subway</a> stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue/53rd_Street_station" title="Fifth Avenue/53rd Street station">Fifth Avenue/53rd Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue%E2%80%9359th_Street_station" title="Fifth Avenue–59th Street station">Fifth Avenue–59th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Avenue_station_(IND_lines)" title="Seventh Avenue station (IND lines)">Seventh Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a><a href="/wiki/42nd_Street%E2%80%93Bryant_Park/Fifth_Avenue_station" title="42nd Street–Bryant Park/Fifth Avenue station">42nd Street–Bryant Park/Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a><a href="/wiki/42nd_Street%E2%80%93Port_Authority_Bus_Terminal_station" title="42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal station">42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a><a href="/wiki/47th%E2%80%9350th_Streets%E2%80%93Rockefeller_Center_station" title="47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller Center station">47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a><a href="/wiki/49th_Street_station_(BMT_Broadway_Line)" title="49th Street station (BMT Broadway Line)">49th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a><a href="/wiki/50th_Street_station_(IND_lines)" title="50th Street station (IND lines)">50th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a><a href="/wiki/50th_Street_station_(IRT_Broadway%E2%80%93Seventh_Avenue_Line)" title="50th Street station (IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line)">50th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a><a href="/wiki/57th_Street%E2%80%93Seventh_Avenue_station" title="57th Street–Seventh Avenue station">57th Street–Seventh Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a><a href="/wiki/57th_Street_station_(IND_Sixth_Avenue_Line)" title="57th Street station (IND Sixth Avenue Line)">57th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a><a href="/wiki/59th_Street%E2%80%93Columbus_Circle_station" title="59th Street–Columbus Circle station">59th Street–Columbus Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central%E2%80%9342nd_Street_station" title="Grand Central–42nd Street station">Grand Central–42nd Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue/51st_Street_station" title="Lexington Avenue/51st Street station">Lexington Avenue/51st Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue/59th_Street_station" title="Lexington Avenue/59th Street station">Lexington Avenue/59th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_December_6#Template:Station" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 December 6">‹See TfM›</a><a href="/wiki/Times_Square%E2%80%9342nd_Street_station" title="Times Square–42nd Street station">Times Square–42nd Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Railroad stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Madison" title="Grand Central Madison">Grand Central Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Terminal" title="Grand Central Terminal">Grand Central Terminal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Streets and intersections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Third_Avenue" title="Third Avenue">Third Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue" title="Fifth Avenue">Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Avenue" title="Sixth Avenue">Sixth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6%C2%BD_Avenue" title="6½ Avenue">Six and a Half Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Seventh Avenue (Manhattan)">Seventh Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Eighth Avenue (Manhattan)">Eighth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="42nd Street (Manhattan)">42nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/47th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="47th Street (Manhattan)">47th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="50th Street (Manhattan)">50th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/51st_Street_(Manhattan)" title="51st Street (Manhattan)">51st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/52nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="52nd Street (Manhattan)">52nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53rd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="53rd Street (Manhattan)">53rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/54th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="54th Street (Manhattan)">54th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/55th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="55th Street (Manhattan)">55th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/57th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="57th Street (Manhattan)">57th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/59th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="59th Street (Manhattan)">59th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="Broadway (Manhattan)">Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Circle" title="Columbus Circle">Columbus Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duffy_Square" title="Duffy Square">Duffy Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Army_Plaza_(Manhattan)" title="Grand Army Plaza (Manhattan)">Grand Army Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Abbott_Way" title="George Abbott Way">George Abbott Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue" title="Lexington Avenue">Lexington Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Avenue" title="Madison Avenue">Madison Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue" title="Park Avenue">Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Viaduct" title="Park Avenue Viaduct">Park Avenue Viaduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pershing_Square,_Manhattan" title="Pershing Square, Manhattan">Pershing Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shubert_Alley" title="Shubert Alley">Shubert Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Times_Square" title="Times Square">Times Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_Avenue_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanderbilt Avenue (Manhattan)">Vanderbilt Avenue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Related_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related topics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Billionaires%27_Row" title="Billionaires' Row">Billionaires' Row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Brazil,_Manhattan" title="Little Brazil, Manhattan">Little Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midtown_South" title="Midtown South">Midtown South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Strip" title="Minnesota Strip">Minnesota Strip</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_5" title="Manhattan Community Board 5">Manhattan Community Board 5</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_York_City_historic_sites" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#ffe978;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_York_City_Historic_Sites" title="Template:New York City Historic Sites"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_York_City_Historic_Sites" title="Template talk:New York City Historic Sites"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_York_City_Historic_Sites" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New York City Historic Sites"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_York_City_historic_sites" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">New York City historic sites</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffe978;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan">Manhattan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_below_14th_Street" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan below 14th Street">Below 14th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_from_14th_to_59th_Streets" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan from 14th to 59th Streets">14th–59th Sts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_from_59th_to_110th_Streets" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan from 59th to 110th Streets">59th–110th Sts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_above_110th_Street" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan above 110th Street">Above 110th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_on_islands" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan on islands">Smaller islands</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Brooklyn" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Queens,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Queens, New York">Queens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Staten_Island" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Staten Island">Staten Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_the_Bronx" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in the Bronx">Bronx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._National_Historic_Landmarks_by_state" title="List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state">National Historic Landmarks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_New_York_City" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in New York City">New York City</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffe978;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Landmarks_Preservation_Commission" title="New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission">City Landmarks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Designated_Landmarks_in_Manhattan" title="List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan">Manhattan</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Designated_Landmarks_in_Manhattan_below_14th_Street" title="List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan below 14th Street">Below 14th St</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Designated_Landmarks_in_Manhattan_from_14th_to_59th_Streets" title="List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan from 14th to 59th Streets">14th–59th Sts</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Designated_Landmarks_in_Manhattan_from_59th_to_110th_Streets" title="List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan from 59th to 110th Streets">59th–110th Sts</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Designated_Landmarks_in_Manhattan_above_110th_Street" title="List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan above 110th Street">Above 110th St</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Designated_Landmarks_in_Manhattan_on_smaller_islands" title="List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan on smaller islands">Smaller islands</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Designated_Landmarks_in_Brooklyn" title="List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Designated_Landmarks_in_Queens" title="List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Queens">Queens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Designated_Landmarks_in_Staten_Island" title="List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Staten Island">Staten Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Designated_Landmarks_in_the_Bronx" title="List of New York City Designated Landmarks in the Bronx">Bronx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_scenic_landmarks" title="New York City scenic landmarks">Scenic landmarks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="U.S._National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York" title="Template:National Register of Historic Places in New York"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:black">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York" title="Template talk:National Register of Historic Places in New York"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:black">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Register of Historic Places in New York"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:black">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="U.S._National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">U.S. National Register of Historic Places</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contributing_property" title="Contributing property">Contributing property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keeper_of_the_Register" title="Keeper of the Register">Keeper of the Register</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_districts_in_the_United_States" title="Historic districts in the United States">Historic district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="History of the National Register of Historic Places">History of the National Register of Historic Places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_property_types" title="National Register of Historic Places property types">Property types</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg/50px-Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg/75px-Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg/100px-Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="720" /> <a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_USA_NY.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Map_of_USA_NY.svg/100px-Map_of_USA_NY.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Map_of_USA_NY.svg/151px-Map_of_USA_NY.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Map_of_USA_NY.svg/200px-Map_of_USA_NY.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="186" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black">Lists by county</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Albany_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Albany County, New York">Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Allegany_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Allegany County, New York">Allegany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_the_Bronx" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in the Bronx">Bronx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Broome_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Broome County, New York">Broome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cattaraugus_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cattaraugus County, New York">Cattaraugus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cayuga_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cayuga County, New York">Cayuga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Chautauqua_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Chautauqua County, New York">Chautauqua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Chemung_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Chemung County, New York">Chemung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Chenango_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Chenango County, New York">Chenango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Clinton_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Clinton County, New York">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Columbia_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Columbia County, New York">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cortland_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cortland County, New York">Cortland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Delaware_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Delaware County, New York">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Dutchess_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Dutchess County, New York">Dutchess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Erie_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Erie County, New York">Erie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Essex_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Essex County, New York">Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Franklin_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Franklin County, New York">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Fulton_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Fulton County, New York">Fulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Genesee_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Genesee County, New York">Genesee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Greene_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Greene County, New York">Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Hamilton_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Hamilton County, New York">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Herkimer_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Herkimer County, New York">Herkimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Jefferson_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Jefferson County, New York">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Brooklyn" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Brooklyn">Kings (Brooklyn)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Lewis_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Lewis County, New York">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Livingston_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Livingston County, New York">Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Madison_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Madison County, New York">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Monroe_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Monroe County, New York">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Montgomery_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Montgomery County, New York">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Nassau_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Nassau County, New York">Nassau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan">New York (Manhattan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Niagara_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Niagara County, New York">Niagara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Oneida_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Oneida County, New York">Oneida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Onondaga_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Onondaga County, New York">Onondaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Ontario_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Ontario County, New York">Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Orange_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Orange County, New York">Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Orleans_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Orleans County, New York">Orleans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Oswego_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Oswego County, New York">Oswego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Otsego_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Otsego County, New York">Otsego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Putnam_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Putnam County, New York">Putnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Queens,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Queens, New York">Queens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Rensselaer_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Rensselaer County, New York">Rensselaer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Staten_Island" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Staten Island">Richmond (Staten Island)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Rockland_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Rockland County, New York">Rockland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Saratoga_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Saratoga County, New York">Saratoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Schenectady_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Schenectady County, New York">Schenectady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Schoharie_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Schoharie County, New York">Schoharie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Schuyler_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Schuyler County, New York">Schuyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Seneca_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Seneca County, New York">Seneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_St._Lawrence_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Lawrence County, New York">St. Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Steuben_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Steuben County, New York">Steuben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Suffolk_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Suffolk County, New York">Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Sullivan_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Sullivan County, New York">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Tioga_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Tioga County, New York">Tioga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Tompkins_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Tompkins County, New York">Tompkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Ulster_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Ulster County, New York">Ulster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Warren_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Warren County, New York">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Washington_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Washington County, New York">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Wayne_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Wayne County, New York">Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Westchester_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Westchester County, New York">Westchester</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_northern_Westchester_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Westchester County, New York">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_southern_Westchester_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in southern Westchester County, New York">Southern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Wyoming_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Wyoming County, New York">Wyoming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Yates_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Yates County, New York">Yates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black">Lists by city</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Albany,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Albany, New York">Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Buffalo,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Buffalo, New York">Buffalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_New_Rochelle,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in New Rochelle, New York">New Rochelle</a></li> <li>New York City <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_the_Bronx" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in the Bronx">Bronx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Brooklyn" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Queens,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Queens, New York">Queens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Staten_Island" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Staten Island">Staten Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan">Manhattan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_below_14th_Street" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan below 14th Street">Below 14th St.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_from_14th_to_59th_Streets" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan from 14th to 59th Streets">14th–59th St.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_from_59th_to_110th_Streets" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan from 59th to 110th Streets">59th–110th St.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_above_110th_Street" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan above 110th Street">Above 110th St.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_on_islands" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan on islands">Minor islands</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Niagara_Falls,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Niagara Falls, New York">Niagara Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Peekskill,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Peekskill, New York">Peekskill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Poughkeepsie,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Poughkeepsie, New York"> Poughkeepsie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Rhinebeck,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Rhinebeck, New York">Rhinebeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Rochester,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Rochester, New York">Rochester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Syracuse,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Syracuse, New York">Syracuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Yonkers,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Yonkers, New York">Yonkers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black">Other lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_and_tunnels_on_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York" title="List of bridges and tunnels on the National Register of Historic Places in New York">Bridges and tunnels</a></li> <li>National Historic Landmarks <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_New_York_City" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in New York City">New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_New_York" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in New York">Outside New York City</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black; font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York_(state)" title="Category:National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in New York">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="Portal:National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="15px_Synagogues_in_the_United_States_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Synagogues_in_the_United_States" title="Template:Synagogues in the United States"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Synagogues_in_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Synagogues in the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Synagogues_in_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Synagogues in the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="15px_Synagogues_in_the_United_States_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/File:Star_of_David.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_of_David.svg/15px-Star_of_David.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_of_David.svg/23px-Star_of_David.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_of_David.svg/30px-Star_of_David.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="693" /></a>  <a href="/wiki/List_of_synagogues_in_the_United_States" title="List of synagogues in the United States">Synagogues in the United States</a>  <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;"><div><a href="/wiki/States_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="States of the United States">By state</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth-El_(Anniston,_Alabama)" title="Temple Beth-El (Anniston, Alabama)">Beth-El (Anniston)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knesseth_Israel_Congregation_(Birmingham,_Alabama)" title="Knesseth Israel Congregation (Birmingham, Alabama)">Knesseth Israel (Birmingham)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth-El_(Birmingham,_Alabama)" title="Temple Beth-El (Birmingham, Alabama)">Beth-El (Birmingham)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanu-El_(Birmingham,_Alabama)" title="Temple Emanu-El (Birmingham, Alabama)">Emanu-El (Birmingham)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_B%27nai_Sholom_(Huntsville,_Alabama)" title="Temple B'nai Sholom (Huntsville, Alabama)">B'nai Sholom (Huntsville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Sha%27arai_Shomayim_(Mobile,_Alabama)" title="Congregation Sha'arai Shomayim (Mobile, Alabama)">Sha’arai Shomayim (Mobile)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agudath_Israel_Etz_Ahayem" title="Agudath Israel Etz Ahayem">Agudath Israel Etz Ahayem (Montgomery)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Or" title="Temple Beth Or">Beth Or (Montgomery)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_(Scottsdale,_Arizona)" title="Congregation Beth Israel (Scottsdale, Arizona)">Beth Israel (Scottsdale)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanuel_of_Tempe" title="Temple Emanuel of Tempe">Emanuel (Tempe)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kol_Ami_(Tucson,_Arizona)" title="Kol Ami (Tucson, Arizona)">Kol Ami (Tucson)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Shalom_of_Northwest_Arkansas" title="Temple Shalom of Northwest Arkansas">Shalom (Fayetteville)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles County">Los Angeles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Wise_Temple" title="Stephen Wise Temple">Stephen Wise Temple (Bel Air)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Jacob_Congregation_(Beverly_Hills,_California)" title="Beth Jacob Congregation (Beverly Hills, California)">Beth Jacob (Beverly Hills)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanuel_(Beverly_Hills,_California)" title="Temple Emanuel (Beverly Hills, California)">Emanuel (Beverly Hills)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valley_Beth_Shalom" title="Valley Beth Shalom">Valley Beth Shalom (Encino)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Israel_of_Highland_Park_and_Eagle_Rock" title="Temple Beth Israel of Highland Park and Eagle Rock">Beth Israel (Highland Park and Eagle Rock)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Israel_of_Hollywood" title="Temple Israel of Hollywood">Temple Israel (Hollywood)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Am" title="Temple Beth Am">Temple Beth Am</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IKAR" title="IKAR">IKAR (Los Angeles)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilshire_Boulevard_Temple" title="Wilshire Boulevard Temple">Wilshire Boulevard (Los Angeles)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Chayim_Chadashim" title="Beth Chayim Chadashim">Beth Chayim Chadashim (Mid City)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Ahavat_Shalom_Northridge" title="Temple Ahavat Shalom Northridge">Ahavat Shalom (Northridge)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kehillat_Israel" title="Kehillat Israel">Kehillat Israel (Pacific Palisades)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Ner_Tamid" title="Congregation Ner Tamid">Ner Tamid (Rancho Palos Verdes)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasadena_Jewish_Temple_and_Center" title="Pasadena Jewish Temple and Center">Jewish Temple and Center (Pasadena)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Jewish_Center" title="Pacific Jewish Center">Pacific Jewish Center (Venice)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sephardic_Temple_Tifereth_Israel" title="Sephardic Temple Tifereth Israel">Sephardic Temple Tifereth Israel (Westwood)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinai_Temple_(Los_Angeles)" title="Sinai Temple (Los Angeles)">Sinai Temple (Westwood)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a> and <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">Bay Area</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_(Berkeley,_California)" title="Congregation Beth Israel (Berkeley, California)">Beth Israel (Berkeley)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Lerner_(rabbi)#Beyt_Tikkun_Synagogue" title="Michael Lerner (rabbi)">Beyt Tikkun (Berkeley)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peninsula_Temple_Sholom" title="Peninsula Temple Sholom">Peninsula Temple Sholom (Burlingame)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_B%27nai_Israel_(Daly_City,_California)" title="Congregation B'nai Israel (Daly City, California)">B'nai Israel (Daly City)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Am" title="Congregation Beth Am">Beth Am (Los Altos Hills)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kehilla_Community_Synagogue" title="Kehilla Community Synagogue">Kehilla Community Synagogue (Oakland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Sinai_(Oakland,_California)" title="Temple Sinai (Oakland, California)">Temple Sinai (Oakland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Am_Tikvah" title="Congregation Am Tikvah">Am Tikvah (San Francisco)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Sholom" title="Congregation Beth Sholom">Beth Sholom (San Francisco)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Emanu-El_(San_Francisco)" title="Congregation Emanu-El (San Francisco)">Emanu-El (San Francisco)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_House_of_Love_and_Prayer" title="The House of Love and Prayer">House of Love and Prayer (San Francisco)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Kitchen_(Jewish_community)" title="The Kitchen (Jewish community)">The Kitchen (San Francisco)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Sherith_Israel_(San_Francisco,_California)" title="Congregation Sherith Israel (San Francisco, California)">Sherith Israel (San Francisco)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodef_Sholom_(San_Rafael,_California)" title="Rodef Sholom (San Rafael, California)">Rodef Sholom (San Rafael)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Kol_Shofar" title="Congregation Kol Shofar">Kol Shofar (Tiburon)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Israel_(Fresno,_California)" title="Temple Beth Israel (Fresno, California)">Beth Israel (Fresno)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chabad_of_Poway" title="Chabad of Poway">Chabad (Poway)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_B%27nai_Israel_(Sacramento,_California)" title="Congregation B'nai Israel (Sacramento, California)">B'nai Israel (Sacramento)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_(San_Diego)" title="Congregation Beth Israel (San Diego)">Beth Israel (San Diego)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Israel_(Stockton,_California)" title="Temple Israel (Stockton, California)">Temple Israel (Stockton)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beth_HaMedrosh_Hagodol-Beth_Joseph" title="Beth HaMedrosh Hagodol-Beth Joseph">Beth HaMedrosh Hagodol-Beth Joseph (Denver)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanuel_(Denver)" title="Temple Emanuel (Denver)">Temple Emanuel (Denver)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Sinai_(Denver)" title="Temple Sinai (Denver)">Temple Sinai (Denver)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanuel_(Pueblo,_Colorado)" title="Temple Emanuel (Pueblo, Colorado)">Temple Emanuel (Pueblo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Aaron" title="Temple Aaron">Temple Aaron (Trinidad)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_B%27nai_Israel_(Bridgeport,_Connecticut)" title="Congregation B'nai Israel (Bridgeport, Connecticut)">B'nai Israel (Bridgeport)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Shalom_Rodfe_Zedek" title="Beth Shalom Rodfe Zedek">Beth Shalom Rodfe Zedek (Chester)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Knesseth_Israel_(Ellington,_Connecticut)" title="Congregation Knesseth Israel (Ellington, Connecticut)">Knesseth Israel (Ellington)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Ahavath_Achim" title="Congregation Ahavath Achim">Ahavath Achim (Fairfield)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Mishkan_Israel" title="Congregation Mishkan Israel">Mishkan Israel (Hamden)</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_(West_Hartford,_Connecticut)" title="Congregation Beth Israel (West Hartford, Connecticut)">Beth Israel (Hartford West)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tephereth_Israel_Synagogue" title="Tephereth Israel Synagogue">Tephereth Israel (New Britain)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Israel_Synagogue_(New_Haven,_Connecticut)" title="Beth Israel Synagogue (New Haven, Connecticut)">Beth Israel (New Haven)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Agudath_Sholom" title="Congregation Agudath Sholom">Agudath Sholom (Stamford)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Israel_(Westport,_Connecticut)" title="Temple Israel (Westport, Connecticut)">Israel (Westport)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_B%27nai_Jacob_(Woodbridge,_Connecticut)" title="Congregation B'nai Jacob (Woodbridge, Connecticut)">B'nai Jacob (Woodbridge)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Congregation_of_Woodmont" title="Hebrew Congregation of Woodmont">Hebrew Congregation of Woodmont</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adas_Israel_Congregation_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="Adas Israel Congregation (Washington, D.C.)">Adas Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bet_Mishpachah" title="Bet Mishpachah">Bet Mishpachah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DC_Minyan" title="DC Minyan">DC Minyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesher_Israel_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="Kesher Israel (Washington, D.C.)">Kesher Israeln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machar_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="Machar (Washington, D.C.)">Machar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohev_Sholom_Congregation" title="Ohev Sholom Congregation">Ohev Sholom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosh_Pina_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="Rosh Pina (Washington, D.C.)">Rosh Pina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_%26_I_Historic_Synagogue" title="Sixth & I Historic Synagogue">Sixth & I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Hebrew_Congregation" title="Washington Hebrew Congregation">Washington Hebrew</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Ahavath_Chesed" title="Congregation Ahavath Chesed">Ahavath Chesed (Jacksonville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Shul_of_Bal_Harbour" title="The Shul of Bal Harbour">Bal Harbour (Surfside)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bet_Shira_Congregation" title="Bet Shira Congregation">Bet Shira (Miami)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmond_J._Safra_Synagogue_(Florida)" title="Edmond J. Safra Synagogue (Florida)">Edmond J. Safra (Miami)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Sholom_(Miami_Beach,_Florida)" title="Temple Beth Sholom (Miami Beach, Florida)">Beth Sholom (Miami Beach)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Hebrew_Congregation" title="Cuban Hebrew Congregation">Cuban Hebrew (Miami Beach)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanu-El_(Palm_Beach,_Florida)" title="Temple Emanu-El (Palm Beach, Florida)">Emanu-El (Palm Beach)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_Beach_Hotel_(Palm_Beach,_Florida)" title="Palm Beach Hotel (Palm Beach, Florida)">New (Palm Beach)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth-El_(Pensacola,_Florida)" title="Temple Beth-El (Pensacola, Florida)">Beth-El (Pensacola)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Jacob_(Atlanta)" title="Congregation Beth Jacob (Atlanta)">Beth Jacob (Atlanta)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanier_University#Synagogue" title="Lanier University">Shearith Israel (Atlanta)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Temple_(Atlanta)" title="The Temple (Atlanta)">Temple (Atlanta)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_B%27nai_Israel_Synagogue" title="Congregation of B'nai Israel Synagogue">B'nai Israel (Augusta)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Israel_(Macon,_Georgia)" title="Temple Beth Israel (Macon, Georgia)">Beth Israel (Macon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_B%27nai_Torah" title="Congregation B'nai Torah">B'nai Torah (Sandy Springs)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Mickve_Israel" title="Congregation Mickve Israel">Mickve Israel (Savannah)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aloha_Jewish_Chapel" title="Aloha Jewish Chapel">Aloha Jewish Chapel (Pearl Harbor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanu-El_(Honolulu)" title="Temple Emanu-El (Honolulu)">Emanu-El (Honolulu)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahavath_Beth_Israel_(Boise,_Idaho)" title="Ahavath Beth Israel (Boise, Idaho)">Ahavath Beth Israel (Boise)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Chicago" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anshe_Emet_Synagogue" title="Anshe Emet Synagogue">Anshe Emet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anshe_Sholom_B%27nai_Israel" title="Anshe Sholom B'nai Israel">Anshe Sholom B'nai Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Shalom_B%27nai_Zaken_Ethiopian_Hebrew_Congregation" title="Beth Shalom B'nai Zaken Ethiopian Hebrew Congregation">Beth Shalom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Congregation" title="Emanuel Congregation">Emanuel Congregation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KAM_Isaiah_Israel" title="KAM Isaiah Israel">KAM Isaiah Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loop_Synagogue" title="Loop Synagogue">Loop Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makom_Solel_Lakeside" title="Makom Solel Lakeside">Makom Solel Lakeside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mishkan_Chicago" title="Mishkan Chicago">Mishkan Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Shore_Congregation_Israel" title="North Shore Congregation Israel">North Shore Congregation Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Suburban_Synagogue_Beth_El" title="North Suburban Synagogue Beth El">North Suburban Synagogue Beth El</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Sholom" title="Temple Sholom">Temple Sholom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sinai_Congregation" title="Chicago Sinai Congregation">Chicago Sinai Congregation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzedek_Chicago" title="Tzedek Chicago">Tzedek Chicago</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Montefiore_Congregation" title="Moses Montefiore Congregation">Moses Montefiore (Bloomington)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattoon_Jewish_Community_Center" title="Mattoon Jewish Community Center">Jewish Community Center (Mattoon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Anshai_Emeth" title="Congregation Anshai Emeth">Anshai Emeth (Peoria)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Achduth_Vesholom" title="Congregation Achduth Vesholom">Achduth Vesholom (Fort Wayne)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Hebrew_Congregation" title="Indianapolis Hebrew Congregation">Indianapolis Hebrew (Indianapolis)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%27nai_Israel_Synagogue_(Council_Bluffs,_Iowa)" title="B'nai Israel Synagogue (Council Bluffs, Iowa)">B'nai Israel (Council Bluffs)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_Shalom_Jewish_Community" title="Beit Shalom Jewish Community">Beit Shalom (Davenport)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Sinai_Temple_(Sioux_City,_Iowa)" title="Mount Sinai Temple (Sioux City, Iowa)">United Orthodox (Sioux City)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_Abraham_Voliner" title="Congregation Beth Israel Abraham Voliner">Beth Israel Abraham Voliner (Kansas City)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Temple,_Congregation_B%27nai_Jehudah" title="The Temple, Congregation B'nai Jehudah">B'nai Jehudah (Overland Park)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Adath_Israel_Brith_Sholom" title="Congregation Adath Israel Brith Sholom">Adath Israel Brith Sholom (Louisville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anshei_Sfard_(Louisville,_Kentucky)" title="Anshei Sfard (Louisville, Kentucky)">Anshei Sfard (Louisville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keneseth_Israel_(Louisville,_Kentucky)" title="Keneseth Israel (Louisville, Kentucky)">Keneseth Israel (Louisville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Adath_Israel_(Owensboro,_Kentucky)" title="Temple Adath Israel (Owensboro, Kentucky)">Adath Israel (Owensboro)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Israel_(Paducah,_Kentucky)" title="Temple Israel (Paducah, Kentucky)">Israel (Paducah)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%27nai_Israel_Traditional_Synagogue" title="B'nai Israel Traditional Synagogue">B'nai Israel (Alexandria)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Gemiluth_Chassodim" title="Congregation Gemiluth Chassodim">Gemiluth Chassodim (Alexandria)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anshe_Sfard" title="Anshe Sfard">Anshe Sfard (New Orleans)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_(New_Orleans)" title="Congregation Beth Israel (New Orleans)">Beth Israel (New Orleans)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Sinai_(New_Orleans,_Louisiana)" title="Temple Sinai (New Orleans, Louisiana)">Sinai (New Orleans)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touro_Synagogue_(New_Orleans)" title="Touro Synagogue (New Orleans)">Touro (New Orleans)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%27Nai_Zion_Temple" title="B'Nai Zion Temple">B'Nai Zion (Shreveport)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_(Bangor,_Maine)" title="Congregation Beth Israel (Bangor, Maine)">Beth Israel (Bangor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etz_Chaim_Synagogue" title="Etz Chaim Synagogue">Etz Chaim (Portland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaarey_Tphiloh" title="Shaarey Tphiloh">Shaarey Tphiloh (Portland)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Academy_Jewish_Chapel" title="Naval Academy Jewish Chapel">Naval Academy (Annapolis)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%27nai_Israel_Synagogue_(Baltimore)" title="B'nai Israel Synagogue (Baltimore)">B'nai Israel (Baltimore)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Hebrew_Congregation" title="Baltimore Hebrew Congregation">Hebrew (Baltimore)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Am" title="Beth Am">Beth Am (Baltimore)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Shearith_Israel_(Baltimore,_Maryland)" title="Congregation Shearith Israel (Baltimore, Maryland)">Shearith Israel (Baltimore)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Shomrei_Emunah_(Baltimore)" title="Congregation Shomrei Emunah (Baltimore)">Shomrei Emunah (Baltimore)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Tiferes_Yisroel" title="Congregation Tiferes Yisroel">Tiferes Yisroel (Baltimore)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_El_(Bethesda,_Maryland)" title="Congregation Beth El (Bethesda, Maryland)">Beth El (Bethesda)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradley_Hills_Presbyterian_Church" title="Bradley Hills Presbyterian Church">Bethesda Jewish Congregation (Bethesda)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Shalom_Congregation_(Columbia,_Maryland)" title="Beth Shalom Congregation (Columbia, Maryland)">Beth Shalom (Columbia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%27er_Chayim_Temple" title="B'er Chayim Temple">B'er Chayim (Cumberland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_B%27Nai_Israel_(Easton,_Maryland)" title="Temple B'Nai Israel (Easton, Maryland)">B'Nai Israel (Easton)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Sholom_Congregation_(Frederick,_Maryland)" title="Beth Sholom Congregation (Frederick, Maryland)">Beth Sholom (Frederick)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Kol_Ami_of_Frederick" title="Congregation Kol Ami of Frederick">Kol Ami (Frederick)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanuel_(Kensington,_Maryland)" title="Temple Emanuel (Kensington, Maryland)">Emanuel (Kensington)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oseh_Shalom_Synagogue" title="Oseh Shalom Synagogue">Oseh Shalom (Laurel)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magen_David_Sephardic_Congregation" title="Magen David Sephardic Congregation">Magen David Sephardic (North Bethesda)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohev_Sholom_Talmud_Torah_Congregation_of_Olney" title="Ohev Sholom Talmud Torah Congregation of Olney">Ohev Sholom Talmud Torah (Olney)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_El_Congregation_(Pikesville,_Maryland)" title="Beth El Congregation (Pikesville, Maryland)">Beth El (Pikesville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Tfiloh_Congregation" title="Beth Tfiloh Congregation">Beth Tfiloh (Pikesville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Har_Sinai_%E2%80%93_Oheb_Shalom_Congregation" title="Har Sinai – Oheb Shalom Congregation">Har Sinai – Oheb Shalom (Pikesville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Sholom_Congregation_and_Talmud_Torah" title="Beth Sholom Congregation and Talmud Torah">Beth Sholom and Talmud Torah (Potomac)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Israel_Congregation_(Salisbury,_Maryland)" title="Beth Israel Congregation (Salisbury, Maryland)">Beth Israel (Salisbury)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Israel_Shomrai_Emunah" title="Young Israel Shomrai Emunah">Young Israel Shomrai Emunah (Silver Spring)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%27nai_Israel_Congregation_(Rockville,_Maryland)" title="B'nai Israel Congregation (Rockville, Maryland)">B'nai Israel (Rockville)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Israel_(Boston)" title="Temple Israel (Boston)">Temple Israel (Boston)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Ohabei_Shalom_(Brookline,_Massachusetts)" title="Temple Ohabei Shalom (Brookline, Massachusetts)">Ohabei Shalom (Brookline)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kahal_B%27raira" title="Kahal B'raira">Kahal B'raira (Cambridge)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Agudath_Shalom" title="Congregation Agudath Shalom">Agudath Shalom (Chelsea)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_(Malden,_Massachusetts)" title="Congregation Beth Israel (Malden, Massachusetts)">Beth Israel (Malden)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adams_Street_Shul" title="Adams Street Shul">Adams Street (Newton)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaarei_Tefillah" title="Shaarei Tefillah">Shaarei Tefillah (Newton)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_(North_Adams,_Massachusetts)" title="Congregation Beth Israel (North Adams, Massachusetts)">Beth Israel (North Adams)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_(Onset,_Massachusetts)" title="Congregation Beth Israel (Onset, Massachusetts)">Beth Israel (Onset)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Anshe_Amunim_(Pittsfield,_Massachusetts)" title="Temple Anshe Amunim (Pittsfield, Massachusetts)">Anshe Amunim (Pittsfield)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinai_Temple_(Springfield,_Massachusetts)" title="Sinai Temple (Springfield, Massachusetts)">Sinai Temple (Springfield)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahavath_Torah_(Stoughton,_Massachusetts)" title="Ahavath Torah (Stoughton, Massachusetts)">Ahavath Torah (Stoughton)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_(Worcester,_Massachusetts)" title="Congregation Beth Israel (Worcester, Massachusetts)">Beth Israel (Worcester)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanuel_Sinai_(Worcester,_Massachusetts)" title="Temple Emanuel Sinai (Worcester, Massachusetts)">Emanuel Sinai (Worcester)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_El_(Alpena,_Michigan)" title="Temple Beth El (Alpena, Michigan)">Beth El (Alpena)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genesis_of_Ann_Arbor" title="Genesis of Ann Arbor">Beth Emeth (Ann Arbor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Israel_Congregation_(Ann_Arbor,_Michigan)" title="Beth Israel Congregation (Ann Arbor, Michigan)">Beth Israel (Ann Arbor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_El_(Detroit)" title="Temple Beth El (Detroit)">Beth El (Detroit)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Temple" title="Birmingham Temple">Birmingham Temple (Detroit)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Agree_Downtown_Synagogue" title="Isaac Agree Downtown Synagogue">Isaac Agree Downtown (Detroit)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanuel_(Grand_Rapids,_Michigan)" title="Temple Emanuel (Grand Rapids, Michigan)">Temple Emanuel (Grand Rapids)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Jacob" title="Temple Jacob">Temple Jacob (Hancock)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Sholom_(Marquette,_Michigan)" title="Temple Beth Sholom (Marquette, Michigan)">Beth Sholom (Marquette)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Israel_(Jackson,_Michigan)" title="Temple Beth Israel (Jackson, Michigan)">Beth Israel (Jackson)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Israel_(West_Bloomfield,_Michigan)" title="Temple Israel (West Bloomfield, Michigan)">Temple Israel (West Bloomfield)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_synagogues_in_Minnesota" title="List of synagogues in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Jacob_Congregation_(Mendota_Heights,_Minnesota)" title="Beth Jacob Congregation (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)">Beth Jacob (Mendota Heights)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Israel_(Minneapolis)" title="Temple Israel (Minneapolis)">Temple Israel (Minneapolis)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adath_Jeshurun_Congregation" title="Adath Jeshurun Congregation">Adath Jeshurun (Minnetonka)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_El_Synagogue_(St._Louis_Park,_Minnesota)" title="Beth El Synagogue (St. Louis Park, Minnesota)">Beth El (St Louis Park)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Zion_Temple" title="Mount Zion Temple">Mount Zion (St Paul)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Or_Emet" title="Or Emet">Or Emet (St Paul)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Adath_Israel_(Cleveland,_Mississippi)" title="Temple Adath Israel (Cleveland, Mississippi)">Adath Israel (Cleveland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Israel_Congregation_(Jackson,_Mississippi)" title="Beth Israel Congregation (Jackson, Mississippi)">Beth Israel (Jackson)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_(Meridian,_Mississippi)" title="Congregation Beth Israel (Meridian, Mississippi)">Beth Israel (Meridian)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_B%27nai_Israel_(Tupelo,_Mississippi)" title="Temple B'nai Israel (Tupelo, Mississippi)">B'nai Israel (Tupelo)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Hebrew_Congregation_(Chesterfield,_Missouri)" title="United Hebrew Congregation (Chesterfield, Missouri)">United Hebrew (Chesterfield)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_B%27nai_Amoona" title="Congregation B'nai Amoona">B'nai Amoona (Creve Coeur)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Shaare_Emeth" title="Congregation Shaare Emeth">Shaare Emeth (Creve Coeur)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Temple_Israel_(Creve_Coeur,_Missouri)" title="Congregation Temple Israel (Creve Coeur, Missouri)">Temple Israel (Creve Coeur)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_El_(Jefferson_City,_Missouri)" title="Temple Beth El (Jefferson City, Missouri)">Beth El (Jefferson City)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Congregation_B%27nai_Jeshurun" title="Temple of Congregation B'nai Jeshurun">B'nai Jeshurun / South Sreet (Lincoln)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Sholom_(Cherry_Hill,_New_Jersey)" title="Temple Beth Sholom (Cherry Hill, New Jersey)">Beth Sholom (Cherry Hill)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Kol_Ami" title="Congregation Kol Ami">Kol Ami (Cherry Hill)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synagogue_of_Deal" title="Synagogue of Deal">Synagogue of Deal (Deal)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Hillel_Beth_Abraham" title="Temple Beth Hillel Beth Abraham">Beth Hillel (Deerville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Ahavath_Torah" title="Congregation Ahavath Torah">Ahavath Torah (Englewood)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnert_Temple" title="Barnert Temple">Barnert (Franklin Lakes)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freehold_Jewish_Center" title="Freehold Jewish Center">Agudath Achim (Freehold)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Etz_Ahaim_Sephardic" title="Congregation Etz Ahaim Sephardic">Etz Ahaim Sephardic (Highland Park)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Synagogue_of_Hoboken" title="United Synagogue of Hoboken">United Synagogue of Hoboken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth-El_(Jersey_City,_New_Jersey)" title="Temple Beth-El (Jersey City, New Jersey)">Beth-El (Jersey City)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Adas_Emuno_(New_Jersey)" title="Congregation Adas Emuno (New Jersey)">Adas Emuno (Leonia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_B%27Nai_Abraham" title="Temple B'Nai Abraham">B'Nai Abraham (Livingston)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Shaari_Emeth" title="Temple Shaari Emeth">Shaari Emeth (Manalapan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlboro_Jewish_Center" title="Marlboro Jewish Center">Marlboro Jewish Center (Marlboro)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_B%27nai_Israel_(Millburn,_New_Jersey)" title="Congregation B'nai Israel (Millburn, New Jersey)">B'nai Israel (Millburn)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Hillel_Beth_Abraham" title="Temple Beth Hillel Beth Abraham">Beth Hillel Beth Abraham (Millville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morristown_Jewish_Center" title="Morristown Jewish Center">Morristown Jewish Center (Morristown)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstructionist_Congregation_Beth_Israel" title="Reconstructionist Congregation Beth Israel">Beth Israel (Ridgewood)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosenhayn_Synagogue" title="Rosenhayn Synagogue">Rosenhayn Synagogue (Rosenhayn)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oheb_Shalom_Congregation" title="Oheb Shalom Congregation">Oheb Shalom (South Orange)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_El_(Voorhees,_New_Jersey)" title="Congregation Beth El (Voorhees, New Jersey)">Beth El (Voorhees)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Albert" title="Congregation Albert">Albert (Albuquerque)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_B%27nai_Israel_(Albuquerque,_New_Mexico)" title="Congregation B'nai Israel (Albuquerque, New Mexico)">B'nai Israel (Albuquerque)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Bronx" title="The Bronx">The Bronx</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Synagogue_Adath_Israel_of_Riverdale" title="Conservative Synagogue Adath Israel of Riverdale">Adath Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Institute_of_Riverdale" title="Hebrew Institute of Riverdale">Hebrew Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverdale_Jewish_Center" title="Riverdale Jewish Center">Riverdale Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverdale_Temple" title="Riverdale Temple">Riverdale Temple</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chevra_Ahavas_Yisroel" title="Chevra Ahavas Yisroel">Chevra Ahavas Yisroel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magen_David_Synagogue_(Brooklyn)" title="Magen David Synagogue (Brooklyn)">Magen David (Bensonhurst)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chevra_Anshei_Lubawitz_of_Borough_Park" title="Chevra Anshei Lubawitz of Borough Park">Chevra Anshei Lubawitz (Borough Park)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Shomrei_Emunah_(Borough_Park)" title="Congregation Shomrei Emunah (Borough Park)">Shomrei Emunah (Borough Park)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Israel_Beth_El_of_Borough_Park" title="Young Israel Beth El of Borough Park">Young Israel Beth El (Borough Park)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Baith_Israel_Anshei_Emes" title="Congregation Baith Israel Anshei Emes">Kane Street / Baith Israel Anshei Emes (Cobble Hill)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/770_Eastern_Parkway" title="770 Eastern Parkway">770 Eastern Parkway (Crown Heights)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chevra_Ahavas_Yisroel" title="Chevra Ahavas Yisroel">Chevra Ahavas Yisroel (Crown Heights)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Kol_Israel" title="Congregation Kol Israel">Kol Israel (Crown Heights)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_El_Jewish_Center_of_Flatbush" title="Beth El Jewish Center of Flatbush">Beth El (Flatbush)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veretzky_(Rabbinical_dynasty)#Today" title="Veretzky (Rabbinical dynasty)">Khal Hisachdus Yirieim Veretzky (Flatbush)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Shaare_Zion" title="Congregation Shaare Zion">Shaare Zion (Gravesend)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmond_J._Safra_Synagogue_(Brooklyn)" title="Edmond J. Safra Synagogue (Brooklyn)">Edmond J. Safra (Homecrest)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean_Parkway_Jewish_Center" title="Ocean Parkway Jewish Center">Ocean Parkway (Kensington)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Beach_Jewish_Center" title="Manhattan Beach Jewish Center">Jewish Center (Manhattan Beach)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%27nai_Yosef_Synagogue" title="B'nai Yosef Synagogue">B'nai Yosef (Mapleton)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Midwood_Jewish_Center" title="East Midwood Jewish Center">East Midwood (Midwood)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsway_Jewish_Center" title="Kingsway Jewish Center">Kingsway Center (Midwood)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sephardic_Center_of_Mill_Basin" title="Sephardic Center of Mill Basin">Sephardic Center (Mills Basin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Elohim" title="Congregation Beth Elohim">Beth Elohim (Park Slope)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Kolot_Chayeinu" title="Congregation Kolot Chayeinu">Kolot Chayeinu (Park Slope)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Slope_Jewish_Center" title="Park Slope Jewish Center">Park Slope (Park Slope)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Jacob_Ohev_Sholom" title="Congregation Beth Jacob Ohev Sholom">Beth Jacob Ohev Sholom (Williamsburg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Yetev_Lev_D%27Satmar_(Hooper_Street,_Brooklyn)" title="Congregation Yetev Lev D'Satmar (Hooper Street, Brooklyn)">Yetev Lev D'Satmar (Hooper Street, Williamsburg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Yetev_Lev_D%27Satmar_(Rodney_Street,_Brooklyn)" title="Congregation Yetev Lev D'Satmar (Rodney Street, Brooklyn)">Yetev Lev D'Satmar (Rodney Street, Williamsburg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khal_Adath_Jeshurun" title="Khal Adath Jeshurun">K'hal Adath Jeshurun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Long_Island,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Long Island, New York">Long Island</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Center_of_Atlantic_Beach" title="Jewish Center of Atlantic Beach">Jewish Center (Atlantic Beach)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Center_of_the_Hamptons" title="Jewish Center of the Hamptons">Jewish Center (East Hampton)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Meadow_Jewish_Center" title="East Meadow Jewish Center">Jewish Center (East Meadow)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Country_Reform_Temple" title="North Country Reform Temple">North Country Reform (Glen Cove)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth-El_(Great_Neck,_New_York)" title="Temple Beth-El (Great Neck, New York)">Beth-El (Great Neck)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Tifereth_Israel_(Greenport,_New_York)" title="Congregation Tifereth Israel (Greenport, New York)">Tifereth Israel (Greenport)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jericho_Jewish_Center" title="Jericho Jewish Center">Jewish Center (Jericho)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanu-El_(Long_Beach,_New_York)" title="Temple Emanu-El (Long Beach, New York)">Emanu-El (Long Beach)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstructionist_Synagogue_of_the_North_Shore" title="Reconstructionist Synagogue of the North Shore">Reconstructionist Synagogue (Plandome)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Israel_(Port_Washington,_New_York)" title="Temple Beth Israel (Port Washington, New York)">Beth Israel (Port Washington)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Adas_Israel_(Sag_Harbor)" title="Temple Adas Israel (Sag Harbor)">Adas Israel (Sag Harbor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Aish_Kodesh" title="Congregation Aish Kodesh">Aish Kodesh (Woodmere)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altneu" title="Altneu">Altneu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_of_St._Mark#Synagogue" title="German Evangelical Lutheran Church of St. Mark">Sixth Street (East Village)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meserich_Synagogue" title="Meserich Synagogue">Meserich (East Village)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_West_Side_Jewish_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation Beth Israel West Side Jewish Center">Beth Israel West Side (Garment District)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millinery_Center_Synagogue" title="Millinery Center Synagogue">Millinery Center (Garment District)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Broadway_Synagogue" title="Old Broadway Synagogue">Old Broadway (Harlem)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Actors%27_Temple" title="The Actors' Temple">Actor's Temple (Hells Kitchen)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Tryon_Jewish_Center" title="Fort Tryon Jewish Center">Fort Tryon (Hudson Heights)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Square_Synagogue" title="Lincoln Square Synagogue">Lincoln Square (Lincoln Square)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bialystoker_Synagogue" title="Bialystoker Synagogue">Bialystoker (Lower East Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Congregation_for_Humanistic_Judaism" title="City Congregation for Humanistic Judaism">City Congregation for Humanistic Judaism (Lower East Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Chasam_Sopher" title="Congregation Chasam Sopher">Chasam Sopher (Lower East Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldridge_Street_Synagogue" title="Eldridge Street Synagogue">Eldridge Street (Lower East Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kehila_Kedosha_Janina" title="Kehila Kedosha Janina">Kehila Kedosha Janina (Lower East Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Shul_of_New_York" title="The Shul of New York">Shul of New York (Lower East Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanton_Street_Synagogue" title="Stanton Street Synagogue">Stanton Street (Lower East)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Talmud_Torah_Adereth_El" title="Congregation Talmud Torah Adereth El">Talmud Torah Adereth El (Lower East Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lab/Shul" title="Lab/Shul">Lab/Shul (Lower West Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beit_Simchat_Torah" title="Congregation Beit Simchat Torah">Beit Simchat Torah (Midtown)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Central Synagogue (Midtown)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutton_Place_Synagogue" title="Sutton Place Synagogue">Sutton Place (Midtown)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TriBeCa_Synagogue" title="TriBeCa Synagogue">TriBeCa Synagogue (Tribeca)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanu-El_of_New_York_(1930)" title="Temple Emanu-El of New York (1930)">Temple Emanu-El, 1930 (Upper East Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue_Synagogue" title="Fifth Avenue Synagogue">Fifth Avenue (Upper East Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Israel_of_the_City_of_New_York" title="Temple Israel of the City of New York">Israel of the City of New York (Upper East Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Kehilath_Jeshurun" title="Congregation Kehilath Jeshurun">Kehilath Jeshurun (Upper East Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Or_Zarua" title="Congregation Or Zarua">Or Zarua (Upper East Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Synagogue" title="Park Avenue Synagogue">Park Avenue (Upper East Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_East_Synagogue" title="Park East Synagogue">Park East (Upper East Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmond_J._Safra_Synagogue_(Manhattan)" title="Edmond J. Safra Synagogue (Manhattan)">Edmond J. Safra (Upper East Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Shaaray_Tefila" title="Temple Shaaray Tefila">Shaaray Tefila (Upper East Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Christian_Church#Temple_of_Universal_Judaism" title="Park Avenue Christian Church">Temple of Universal Judaism (Upper East Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansche_Chesed" title="Ansche Chesed">Ansche Chesed (Upper West Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%27nai_Jeshurun_(Manhattan)" title="B'nai Jeshurun (Manhattan)">B'nai Jeshurun (Upper West Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Habonim" title="Congregation Habonim">Habonim (Upper West Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Center_(Manhattan)" title="Jewish Center (Manhattan)">Jewish Center (Upper West Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kol_Zimrah" title="Kol Zimrah">Kol Zimrah (Upper West Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Ohab_Zedek" title="Congregation Ohab Zedek">Ohab Zedek (Upper West Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramath_Orah" title="Ramath Orah">Ramath Orah (Upper West Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Rodeph_Sholom_(Manhattan)" title="Congregation Rodeph Sholom (Manhattan)">Rodeph Sholom (Upper West Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romemu" title="Romemu">Romemu (Upper West Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Shaare_Zedek_(Manhattan)" title="Congregation Shaare Zedek (Manhattan)">Shaare Zedek (Upper West Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Shearith_Israel" title="Congregation Shearith Israel">Shearith Israel (Upper West Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_for_the_Advancement_of_Judaism" title="Society for the Advancement of Judaism">Society for the Advancement of Judaism (Upper West Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Wise_Free_Synagogue" title="Stephen Wise Free Synagogue">Stephen Wise Free (Upper West Side)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Tabernacle_of_Washington_Heights" title="Hebrew Tabernacle of Washington Heights">Hebrew Tabernacle of Washington Heights (Washington Heights)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khal_Adath_Jeshurun" title="Khal Adath Jeshurun">K'hal Adath Jeshurun (Washington Heights)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Sinai_Jewish_Center" title="Mount Sinai Jewish Center">Mount Sinai (Washington Heights)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Queens" title="Queens">Queens</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astoria_Center_of_Israel" title="Astoria Center of Israel">Center of Israel (Astoria)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Etz_Hayim_at_Hollis_Hills_Bayside" title="Congregation Etz Hayim at Hollis Hills Bayside">Etz Hayim at Hollis Hills (Bayside)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Tifereth_Israel_(Queens)" title="Congregation Tifereth Israel (Queens)">Tifereth Israel (Corona)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Synagogue_of_Flushing" title="Free Synagogue of Flushing">Free (Flushing)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_Georgian_Jews" title="Congregation of Georgian Jews">Georgian Jews (Forest Hills)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queens_Jewish_Center" title="Queens Jewish Center">Queens Center (Forest Hills)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rego_Park_Jewish_Center" title="Rego Park Jewish Center">Rego Park (Rego Park)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Emeth" title="Congregation Beth Emeth">Beth Emeth (Albany)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_David_Synagogue_(Amenia,_New_York)" title="Beth David Synagogue (Amenia, New York)">Beth David (Amenia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Zion_(Buffalo,_New_York)" title="Temple Beth Zion (Buffalo, New York)">Beth Zion (Buffalo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_El_of_Northern_Westchester" title="Temple Beth El of Northern Westchester">Beth El (Chappaqua)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Shalom_(Clifton_Park,_New_York)" title="Congregation Beth Shalom (Clifton Park, New York)">Beth Shalom (Clifton Park)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_B%27nai_Israel_Synagogue" title="Congregation B'nai Israel Synagogue">B'nai Israel (Fleischmanns)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunter_Synagogue" title="Hunter Synagogue">Hunter (Hunter)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerhonkson_Synagogue" title="Kerhonkson Synagogue">Kerhonkson Synagogue (Kerhonkson)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loch_Sheldrake_Synagogue" title="Loch Sheldrake Synagogue">Loch Sheldrake Synagogue (Loch Sheldrake)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Agudas_Achim_(Livingston_Manor,_New_York)" title="Congregation Agudas Achim (Livingston Manor, New York)">Agudas Achim (Livingston Manor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Congregation_of_Mountaindale_Synagogue" title="Hebrew Congregation of Mountaindale Synagogue">Hebrew Congregation (Mountaindale)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eaton_Family_Residence-Jewish_Center_of_Norwich" title="Eaton Family Residence-Jewish Center of Norwich">Jewish Center (Norwich)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Israel_(Plattsburgh,_New_York)" title="Temple Beth Israel (Plattsburgh, New York)">Beth Israel (Plattsburgh)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Kneses_Tifereth_Israel" title="Congregation Kneses Tifereth Israel">Kneses Tifereth Israel (Port Chester)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_B%27rith_Kodesh_(Rochester,_New_York)" title="Temple B'rith Kodesh (Rochester, New York)">B'rith Kodesh (Rochester)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Tzedek" title="Temple Beth Tzedek">Temple Beth Tzedek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Fallsburg_Hebrew_Association_Synagogue" title="South Fallsburg Hebrew Association Synagogue">South Fallsburg Hebrew Association {South Fallsburg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanu-El_(Staten_Island,_New_York)" title="Temple Emanu-El (Staten Island, New York)">Emanu-El (Staten Island)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anshei_Glen_Wild_Synagogue" title="Anshei Glen Wild Synagogue">Anshei Glen Wild (Sullivan County)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bikur_Cholim_B%27nai_Israel_Synagogue" title="Bikur Cholim B'nai Israel Synagogue">Bikur Cholim B'nai Israel (Swan Lake)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Society_of_Concord" title="Temple Society of Concord">Society of Concord (Syracuse)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Berith_Sholom" title="Congregation Berith Sholom">Berith Sholom (Troy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Joseph_Synagogue" title="Beth Joseph Synagogue">Beth Joseph Synagogue (Tupper Lake)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_Glen_Synagogue" title="Spring Glen Synagogue">Spring Glen Synagogue (Wawarsing)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Heights_Synagogue" title="Ulster Heights Synagogue">Ulster Heights Synagogue (Wawarsing)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Point_Jewish_Chapel" title="West Point Jewish Chapel">West Point Jewish Chapel (West Point)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Israel_Center" title="Temple Israel Center">Temple Israel (White Plains)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%27nai_Israel_Synagogue_(Woodbourne,_New_York)" title="B'nai Israel Synagogue (Woodbourne, New York)">B'nai Israel (Woodbourne)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohave_Shalom_Synagogue_(Woodridge,_New_York)" title="Ohave Shalom Synagogue (Woodridge, New York)">Ohave Shalom (Woodridge)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Park_Jewish_Center" title="Lincoln Park Jewish Center">Lincoln Park (Yonkers)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_(Asheville,_North_Carolina)" title="Congregation Beth Israel (Asheville, North Carolina)">Beth Israel (Asheville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Israel_(Charlotte,_North_Carolina)" title="Temple Israel (Charlotte, North Carolina)">Temple Israel (Charlotte)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Israel_(Kinston,_North_Carolina)" title="Temple Israel (Kinston, North Carolina)">Temple Israel (Kinston)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Emanuel_(Statesville,_North_Carolina)" title="Congregation Emanuel (Statesville, North Carolina)">Emanuel (Statesville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Israel_(Wilmington,_North_Carolina)" title="Temple of Israel (Wilmington, North Carolina)">Temple of Israel (Wilmington)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%27nai_Israel_Synagogue_and_Montefiore_Cemetery" title="B'nai Israel Synagogue and Montefiore Cemetery">B'nai Israel (Grand Forks)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Tifereth-Israel" title="Temple Tifereth-Israel">Tifereth-Israel (Beachwood)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Agudas_Achim_(Bexley,_Ohio)" title="Congregation Agudas Achim (Bexley, Ohio)">Agudas Achim (Bexley)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_Manor_Synagogue" title="Golf Manor Synagogue">Golf Manor (Cincinnati)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockdale_Temple" title="Rockdale Temple">Rockdale (Cincinnati)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_M._Wise_Temple" title="Isaac M. Wise Temple">Wise Temple (Cincinnati)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anshe_Chesed_Fairmount_Temple" title="Anshe Chesed Fairmount Temple">Anshe Chesed Fairmount (Cleveland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oheb_Zedek_Cedar_Sinai_Synagogue" title="Oheb Zedek Cedar Sinai Synagogue">Oheb Zedek Cedar Sinai (Cleveland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Synagogue" title="Park Synagogue">Park Synagogue (Cleveland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltz_Performing_Arts_Center" title="Maltz Performing Arts Center">Silver Sanctuary (Cleveland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Israel_(Columbus,_Ohio)" title="Temple Israel (Columbus, Ohio)">Temple Israel (Columbus)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Israel_(Dayton,_Ohio)" title="Temple Israel (Dayton, Ohio)">Temple Israel (Dayton)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Israel_Synagogue_(Hamilton,_Ohio)" title="Beth Israel Synagogue (Hamilton, Ohio)">Beth Israel (Hamilton)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_B%27nai_Israel_(Toledo,_Ohio)" title="Congregation B'nai Israel (Toledo, Ohio)">B'nai Israel (Toledo)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_synagogues_in_Oklahoma" title="List of synagogues in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temple_B%27nai_Israel_(Oklahoma_City)" title="Temple B'nai Israel (Oklahoma City)">B'nai Israel (Oklahoma City)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Israel_(Tulsa,_Oklahoma)" title="Temple Israel (Tulsa, Oklahoma)">Temple Israel (Tulsa)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Israel_(Eugene,_Oregon)" title="Temple Beth Israel (Eugene, Oregon)">Beth Israel (Eugene)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_(Portland,_Oregon)" title="Congregation Beth Israel (Portland, Oregon)">Beth Israel (Portland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Neveh_Shalom" title="Congregation Neveh Shalom">Neveh Shalom (Portland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Shaarie_Torah" title="Congregation Shaarie Torah">Shaarie Torah (Portland)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Philadelphia" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beit_Harambam_Congregation" title="Beit Harambam Congregation">Beit Harambam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Zion-Beth_Israel" title="Temple Beth Zion-Beth Israel">Temple Beth Zion-Beth Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_Congregation_B%27nai_Abraham" title="Historic Congregation B'nai Abraham">B'nai Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_S._Frank_Memorial_Synagogue" title="Henry S. Frank Memorial Synagogue">Henry S. Frank Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germantown_Jewish_Centre" title="Germantown Jewish Centre">Germantown Jewish Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reform_Congregation_Keneseth_Israel_(Philadelphia)" title="Reform Congregation Keneseth Israel (Philadelphia)">Keneseth Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Mikveh_Israel" title="Congregation Mikveh Israel">Mikveh Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Rodeph_Shalom_(Philadelphia)" title="Congregation Rodeph Shalom (Philadelphia)">Rodeph Shalom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Shivtei_Yeshuron-Ezras_Israel" title="Congregation Shivtei Yeshuron-Ezras Israel">Shivtei Yeshuron-Ezras Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_Hill_Synagogue" title="Society Hill Synagogue">Society Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Philadelphia_Shtiebel" title="South Philadelphia Shtiebel">South Philadelphia Shtiebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilna_Congregation" title="Vilna Congregation">Vilna Congregation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YPC_Shari-Eli" title="YPC Shari-Eli">YPC Shari-Eli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Israel_(Altoona,_Pennsylvania)" title="Temple Beth Israel (Altoona, Pennsylvania)">Beth Israel (Altoona)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Israel_Congregation_of_Chester_County" title="Beth Israel Congregation of Chester County">Beth Israel (Chester County)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_B%27nai_Shalom_(Easton,_Pennsylvania)" title="Congregation B'nai Shalom (Easton, Pennsylvania)">B'nai Shalom (Easton)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Anshe_Hesed" title="Temple Anshe Hesed">Anshe Hesed (Erie)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Sholom_Congregation_(Elkins_Park,_Pennsylvania)" title="Beth Sholom Congregation (Elkins Park, Pennsylvania)">Beth Shalom (Elkins Park)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesher_Israel_Congregation_(Harrisburg,_Pennsylvania)" title="Kesher Israel Congregation (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania)">Kesher Israel (Harrisburg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Ohev_Sholom_(Harrisburg,_Pennsylvania)" title="Temple Ohev Sholom (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania)">Ohev Sholom (Harrisburg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_(Honesdale,_Pennsylvania)" title="Congregation Beth Israel (Honesdale, Pennsylvania)">Beth Israel (Honesdale)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_(Lebanon,_Pennsylvania)" title="Congregation Beth Israel (Lebanon, Pennsylvania)">Beth Israel (Lebanon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Or" title="Congregation Beth Or">Beth Or (Maple Glen)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Adath_Israel_of_the_Main_Line" title="Temple Adath Israel of the Main Line">Adath Israel of the Main Line (Merion)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%27nai_Jacob_Synagogue_(Middletown,_Pennsylvania)" title="B'nai Jacob Synagogue (Middletown, Pennsylvania)">B'nai Jacob (Middletown)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodef_Shalom_Congregation" title="Rodef Shalom Congregation">Rodef Shalom (Pittsburgh)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_of_Life_%E2%80%93_Or_L%27Simcha_Congregation" title="Tree of Life – Or L'Simcha Congregation">Tree of Life – Or L'Simcha (Pittsburgh)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesher_Zion" title="Kesher Zion">Kesher Zion (Reading)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Israel_Congregation_(Washington,_Pennsylvania)" title="Beth Israel Congregation (Washington, Pennsylvania)">Beth Israel (Washington)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Israel_(York,_Pennsylvania)" title="Temple Beth Israel (York, Pennsylvania)">Beth Israel (York)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Touro_Synagogue" title="Touro Synagogue">Touro (Newport)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth-El_(Providence,_Rhode_Island)" title="Temple Beth-El (Providence, Rhode Island)">Beth-El (Providence)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_Jacob_Synagogue" title="Sons of Jacob Synagogue">Sons of Jacob (Providence)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Israel_Congregation_(Beaufort,_South_Carolina)" title="Beth Israel Congregation (Beaufort, South Carolina)">Beth Israel (Beaufort)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kahal_Kadosh_Beth_Elohim" title="Kahal Kadosh Beth Elohim">Kahal Kadosh Beth Elohim (Charleston)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Peace_Synagogue" title="House of Peace Synagogue">House of Peace (Columbia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Israel_Congregation_(Florence,_South_Carolina)" title="Beth Israel Congregation (Florence, South Carolina)">Beth Israel (Florence)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth_Elohim_(Georgetown,_South_Carolina)" title="Temple Beth Elohim (Georgetown, South Carolina)">Beth Elohim (Georgetown)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Kol_Ami_(Fort_Mill,_South_Carolina)" title="Temple Kol Ami (Fort Mill, South Carolina)">Kol Ami (Fort Mill)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Sinai_(Sumter,_South_Carolina)" title="Temple Sinai (Sumter, South Carolina)">Sinai (Sumter)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Adas_Israel_(Brownsville,_Tennessee)" title="Temple Adas Israel (Brownsville, Tennessee)">Adas Israel (Brownsville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizpah_Congregation" title="Mizpah Congregation">Mizpah (Chattanooga)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_B%27nai_Israel_(Jackson,_Tennessee)" title="Congregation B'nai Israel (Jackson, Tennessee)">B'nai Israel (Jackson)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baron_Hirsch_Synagogue" title="Baron Hirsch Synagogue">Baron Hirsch (Memphis)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Israel_(Memphis,_Tennessee)" title="Temple Israel (Memphis, Tennessee)">Israel (Memphis)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Ohabai_Sholom_(Nashville,_Tennessee)" title="Congregation Ohabai Sholom (Nashville, Tennessee)">Ohabai Sholom (Nashville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Sherith_Israel_(Nashville,_Tennessee)" title="Congregation Sherith Israel (Nashville, Tennessee)">Sherith Israel (Nashville)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Agudas_Achim_(Austin,_Texas)" title="Congregation Agudas Achim (Austin, Texas)">Agudas Achim (Austin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_(Austin,_Texas)" title="Congregation Beth Israel (Austin, Texas)">Beth Israel (Austin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanuel_(Beaumont,_Texas)" title="Temple Emanuel (Beaumont, Texas)">Emanuel (Beaumont)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%27nai_Abraham_Synagogue_(Brenham,_Texas)" title="B'nai Abraham Synagogue (Brenham, Texas)">B'nai Abraham (Brenham)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanu-El_(Dallas)" title="Temple Emanu-El (Dallas)">Emanu-El (Dallas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Jacob_(Galveston,_Texas)" title="Congregation Beth Jacob (Galveston, Texas)">Beth Jacob (Galveston)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_B%27nai_Israel_(Galveston,_Texas)" title="Congregation B'nai Israel (Galveston, Texas)">B'nai Israel (Galveston)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_(Houston)" title="Congregation Beth Israel (Houston)">Beth Israel (Houston)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Yeshurun_(Houston)" title="Congregation Beth Yeshurun (Houston)">Beth Yeshurun (Houston)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Sinai_(Houston)" title="Temple Sinai (Houston)">Sinai (Houston)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth-El_(San_Antonio)" title="Temple Beth-El (San Antonio)">Beth-El (San Antonio)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_B%27rith_Sholem_Synagogue" title="Congregation B'rith Sholem Synagogue">B'rith Sholem (Ogden)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Kol_Ami_(Salt_Lake_City,_Utah)" title="Congregation Kol Ami (Salt Lake City, Utah)">Kol Ami (Salt Lake City)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ohavi_Zedek" title="Ohavi Zedek">Ohavi Zedek (Burlington)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Ohavi_Zedek_Synagogue" title="Old Ohavi Zedek Synagogue">Old Ohavi Zedek (Burlington)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutland_Jewish_Center" title="Rutland Jewish Center">Rutland Jewish Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agudas_Achim_Congregation_(Alexandria,_Virginia)" title="Agudas Achim Congregation (Alexandria, Virginia)">Agudas Achim (Alexandria)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_El_Hebrew_Congregation" title="Beth El Hebrew Congregation">Beth El (Alexandria)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_(Charlottesville,_Virginia)" title="Congregation Beth Israel (Charlottesville, Virginia)">Beth Israel (Charlottesville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Rodef_Shalom_(Falls_Church,_Virginia)" title="Temple Rodef Shalom (Falls Church, Virginia)">Rodef Shalom (Falls Church)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Sinai_(Newport_News,_Virginia)" title="Temple Sinai (Newport News, Virginia)">Sinai (Newport News)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commodore_Levy_Chapel" title="Commodore Levy Chapel">Commodore Levy Chapel (Norfolk)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Ahabah" title="Congregation Beth Ahabah">Beth Ahabah (Richmond)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Kol_Emes_(Richmond,_Virginia)" title="Congregation Kol Emes (Richmond, Virginia)">Kol Emes (Richmond)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Israel_Synagogue_(Roanoke,_Virginia)" title="Beth Israel Synagogue (Roanoke, Virginia)">Beth Israel (Roanoke)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutland_Jewish_Center" title="Rutland Jewish Center">Adath Israel (Rutland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_House_of_Israel" title="Temple House of Israel">House of Israel (Staunton)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_El_Congregation_(Winchester,_Virginia)" title="Beth El Congregation (Winchester, Virginia)">Beth El (Winchester)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_synagogues_and_Jewish_congregations_in_Washington" title="List of synagogues and Jewish congregations in Washington">Washington</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Beth_Israel_(Bellingham,_Washington)" title="Congregation Beth Israel (Bellingham, Washington)">Beth Israel (Bellingham)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bikur_Cholim_Machzikay_Hadath" title="Bikur Cholim Machzikay Hadath">Bikur Cholim Machzikay Hadath (Seattle)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Ezra_Bessaroth" title="Congregation Ezra Bessaroth">Ezra Bessaroth (Seattle)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kavana_Cooperative" title="Kavana Cooperative">Kavana Cooperative (Seattle)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sephardic_Bikur_Holim_Congregation" title="Sephardic Bikur Holim Congregation">Sephardic Bikur Holim (Seattle)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_De_Hirsch_Sinai" title="Temple De Hirsch Sinai">De Hirsch Sinai (Seattle and Belleview)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ohev_Sholom_Temple" title="Ohev Sholom Temple">Ohev Sholom (Huntington)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Shalom_(Wheeling,_West_Virginia)" title="Temple Shalom (Wheeling, West Virginia)">Shalom (Wheeling)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#9BB4EB;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_synagogues_in_Wisconsin" title="List of synagogues in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a 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[\"CITEREFBruni1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBuckley1963\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBush2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCarroll1988\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCauvin1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCohen2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCuza2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDeutsch1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDolkart2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDunlap1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDunlap2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDunlap2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEdelstein1977\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEisenberg2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFElstein2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEnnis1963\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEskin1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEsterow2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFeldmanFisher2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFenner1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFosburgh1970\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFuldStoneRoss1979\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFulman1984\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGansberg1967\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGeiger2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGelman1988\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGergely2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGoldberger2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGoldman1988\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGoodstein1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGray1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGray1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGray1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGray2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGreenberg1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrossman2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGurock2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGuzik2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHanau2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHardy2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarris2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHenriquesEaton2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHickey2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHollander2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHollander2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHorsley1981\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHuebsch1885\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHughes2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFIsaacs1907\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJosephs1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJosephs1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKamin2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKamins1966\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKampeas2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKeys2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKing-Cohen2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKing1976\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKnox1971\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKohnerRichman1899\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLanter1872\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLeahy1970\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLevitt2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewine1998\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFLidgett2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLieblich1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLipman2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMallozzi2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMattison2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcFadden1998\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFMcLannahan\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMidgette2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMidgette2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMiller1963\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMoin1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMorgan1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNational_Park_Service1975\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNaughtonBorn2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOrtega2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOstling2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOtterman2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPitts1975\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPolsky1987\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPostalDolkart2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPrial2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPrice1961\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRebongSamtaniBrenzel2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRichardson2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRosenblatt2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRubin2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRushMolloyBaramMalkin1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSachs1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSamtani2013\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFSchaye1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSeigel2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShelby1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSinger2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSokol2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStack2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStack2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStolzmanStolzman2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Associated_Press1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUnited_States._Dept._of_the_Interior1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWadler2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWillens1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWolfeFineBorden2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYoung2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZola2008\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 1,\n [\"Abbr\"] = 1,\n [\"As of\"] = 4,\n [\"Bulleted list\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite NY1880\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite NY2000\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite aia5\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 19,\n [\"Cite enc-nyc2\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite fromatoz\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 12,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 101,\n [\"Cite nycland\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite report\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 118,\n [\"Commons category\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert\"] = 27,\n [\"Coord\"] = 1,\n [\"Cvt\"] = 3,\n [\"Div col\"] = 1,\n [\"Div col end\"] = 1,\n [\"Efn\"] = 10,\n [\"Efn-lr\"] = 10,\n [\"For\"] = 1,\n [\"Good article\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvid\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 150,\n [\"Inflation\"] = 16,\n [\"Inflation/fn\"] = 11,\n [\"Inflation/year\"] = 11,\n [\"Infobox NRHP\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox religious building\"] = 1,\n [\"Langx\"] = 1,\n [\"Maplink\"] = 1,\n [\"Midtown North, Manhattan\"] = 1,\n [\"NHLS url\"] = 1,\n [\"National Register of Historic Places in New York\"] = 1,\n [\"New York City Historic Sites\"] = 1,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"Notelist-lr\"] = 1,\n [\"Nowrap\"] = 1,\n [\"Official website\"] = 1,\n [\"Portal bar\"] = 1,\n [\"ProQuest\"] = 83,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Small\"] = 11,\n [\"Synagogues in the United States\"] = 1,\n [\"URL\"] = 1,\n [\"Unbulleted list\"] = 1,\n [\"Use American English\"] = 1,\n [\"Use mdy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 3,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","440","21.4"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","280","13.6"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","220","10.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","200","9.7"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","140","6.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::unstripNoWiki","80","3.9"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","60","2.9"],["makeMessage \u003Cmw.message.lua:76\u003E","60","2.9"],["\u003Cmw.lua:694\u003E","60","2.9"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::interwikiMap","40","1.9"],["[others]","480","23.3"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-74cbd4458c-9bng9","timestamp":"20241210200742","ttl":1828351,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Central Synagogue (Manhattan)","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q3504867","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q3504867","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-07-31T00:52:20Z","dateModified":"2024-11-25T18:34:35Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/88\/Central_Synagogue%2C_Lexington_Avenue_NYC.jpg","headline":"synagogue in Midtown Manhattan, New York City"}</script> </body> </html>