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<span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Assignments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assignments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Stations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_Components" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_Components"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Major Components</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_Components-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Inter-war_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inter-war_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>Inter-war years</span> </div> </a> <ul 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id="toc-Inter-war_years_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inter-war_years_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>Inter-war years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inter-war_years_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_II_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.2</span> <span>World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Postwar_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Postwar_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.3</span> <span>Postwar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Postwar_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_notable_commanders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_notable_commanders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>List of notable commanders</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_notable_commanders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Former US military unit</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Flying Division, Air Training Command</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bryan_AFB_T-33_instruction_1950s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Bryan_AFB_T-33_instruction_1950s.jpg/300px-Bryan_AFB_T-33_instruction_1950s.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Bryan_AFB_T-33_instruction_1950s.jpg/450px-Bryan_AFB_T-33_instruction_1950s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Bryan_AFB_T-33_instruction_1950s.jpg/600px-Bryan_AFB_T-33_instruction_1950s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1577" data-file-height="985" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Postwar T-33A Shooting Star jet fighter training</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Active</th><td class="infobox-data">1926–1949</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Disbanded</th><td class="infobox-data">14 November 1949</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 2x" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="39" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/20px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/30px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/40px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="320" /></a></span>  <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">U.S. Army Air Forces</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/19px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/29px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6336" data-file-height="4992" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Command and Control</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Role</th><td class="infobox-data">Training</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">Command</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Army_Air_Forces_Training_Command" title="Army Air Forces Training Command">AAF Training Command</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Air_Training_Command" title="Air Training Command">Air Training Command</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Motto(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Ut Viri Volent</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Colors</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#120A8F; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#D79232; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Ultramarine" title="Ultramarine">Ultramarine blue</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blue" title="Blue">golden orange</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Engagements</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_(Plain).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_%28Plain%29.png/150px-World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_%28Plain%29.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_%28Plain%29.png/225px-World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_%28Plain%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_%28Plain%29.png/300px-World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_%28Plain%29.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="35" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> – <a href="/wiki/American_Theater_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Theater (World War II)">American Campaign</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Insignia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Shoulder_sleeve_insignia" title="Shoulder sleeve insignia">Shoulder sleeve insignia</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Army_Air_Forces_Training_Command_-_Patch.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Army_Air_Forces_Training_Command_-_Patch.png/100px-Army_Air_Forces_Training_Command_-_Patch.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Army_Air_Forces_Training_Command_-_Patch.png/150px-Army_Air_Forces_Training_Command_-_Patch.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Army_Air_Forces_Training_Command_-_Patch.png/200px-Army_Air_Forces_Training_Command_-_Patch.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="383" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Distinctive_unit_insignia" title="Distinctive unit insignia">Distinctive unit insignia</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Central_Flying_Training_Command.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Central_Flying_Training_Command.jpg/100px-Central_Flying_Training_Command.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Central_Flying_Training_Command.jpg/150px-Central_Flying_Training_Command.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Central_Flying_Training_Command.jpg/200px-Central_Flying_Training_Command.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="603" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <p>The <b>Flying Division, Air Training Command</b>, was a <a href="/wiki/Flight_training" title="Flight training">training</a> formation of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a>. The unit was established in 1926 as the Air Corps Training Center to be the primary pilot training center for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Corps" title="United States Army Air Corps">Air Corps</a>. It was reorganized into one of three training commands created by the Office of the Chief of the Air Corps in 1940 to accommodate the large number of <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Academy" title="United States Air Force Academy">air cadets</a> being recruited as a result of the expansion of the corps after the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_France" title="Battle of France">fall of France</a>. During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, thousands of cadets attended various flight schools throughout the <a href="/wiki/Central_United_States" title="Central United States">Central United States</a> being trained as pilots for fighters, bombers and transports. It also trained the navigators, bombardiers and gunners necessary for the bombers to attack enemy targets in the combat areas overseas. After World War II, it became the primary pilot and aircrew training unit of the United States Air Force <a href="/wiki/Air_Training_Command" title="Air Training Command">Air Training Command</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With the demobilization of the Air Service after <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, the Army's air arm remained quite small during most of the interwar period.<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Army_Air_Service">Army Air Service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Army Air Service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Post_World_War_I_training_at_Kelly_Field_Texas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Post_World_War_I_training_at_Kelly_Field_Texas.jpg/220px-Post_World_War_I_training_at_Kelly_Field_Texas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Post_World_War_I_training_at_Kelly_Field_Texas.jpg/330px-Post_World_War_I_training_at_Kelly_Field_Texas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Post_World_War_I_training_at_Kelly_Field_Texas.jpg/440px-Post_World_War_I_training_at_Kelly_Field_Texas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1213" data-file-height="1567" /></a><figcaption>Post World War I flight training at Kelly Field Texas.</figcaption></figure> <p>Primary flight training was held only at <a href="/wiki/March_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="March Field">March Field</a> in California and <a href="/wiki/Carlstrom_Field" title="Carlstrom Field">Carlstrom Field</a> in Florida. The pilot school course combined ground school and elementary flight training. Cadets flew training flights in wartime surplus <a href="/wiki/Curtiss_JN-4" class="mw-redirect" title="Curtiss JN-4">Curtiss JN-4</a>D Jennies and also <a href="/wiki/DeHavilland_DH-4" class="mw-redirect" title="DeHavilland DH-4">deHavilland DH-4s</a>. The first class of cadets at both March and Carlstrom were enlisted men from various Air Service units. Civilians constituted most of the second class. Advanced training was held at Post Field, Fort Sill, Oklahoma for observers and pilots. Pursuit and bombardment training took place at Kelly Field.<sup id="cite_ref-Cameron_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cameron-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 4 June 1920, the <a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Act_of_1920" title="National Defense Act of 1920">National Defense Act of 1920</a> took effect and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Service" title="United States Army Air Service">United States Army Air Service</a> was statutorily recognized as the combatant air arm of the United States Army. At the time, the Air Service had 1,155 Regular officers; by year’s end, there were 975. Of that number, only 642 were pilots.<sup id="cite_ref-Cameron_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cameron-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Training and Operations Group of the Air Service had hoped to graduate thirty men per month, but in the last six months of 1920, Carlstrom had graduated thirty-six officers and fifty-six cadets; March had graduated twenty-five officers and sixty-seven cadets. A number of the students in the early class, especially at Carlstrom Field, were naval officers not destined for Army squadrons. However, neither of the primary pilot schools had executive officers and that Carlstrom did not even have an Officer in Charge of Flying. The schools keenly felt the critical shortage of manpower. They did not have enough enlisted mechanics to keep the airplanes fully operational. Too few instructors remained in the service to teach students, assuming that students could be recruited in reasonable numbers.<sup id="cite_ref-Cameron_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cameron-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For a time after the war, the commissioned grades of the Air Service held no vacancies. Furthermore, Congress forbade new Army enlistments in early 1921, which effectively curtailed the training new cadets. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:11th_School_Group_Consolidated_PT-1_trainers_Brooks_Field_TX.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/11th_School_Group_Consolidated_PT-1_trainers_Brooks_Field_TX.jpg/220px-11th_School_Group_Consolidated_PT-1_trainers_Brooks_Field_TX.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/11th_School_Group_Consolidated_PT-1_trainers_Brooks_Field_TX.jpg/330px-11th_School_Group_Consolidated_PT-1_trainers_Brooks_Field_TX.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/11th_School_Group_Consolidated_PT-1_trainers_Brooks_Field_TX.jpg/440px-11th_School_Group_Consolidated_PT-1_trainers_Brooks_Field_TX.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="524" /></a><figcaption>11th School Group <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_PT-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Consolidated PT-1">Consolidated PT-1</a> trainers, Brooks Field, Texas, March 1926.</figcaption></figure> <p>It was decided to close March and Carlstrom and consolidate all flight training at Brooks and Kelly Fields. By 1 September 1922, the Air Service Primary Flying School <a href="/wiki/11th_School_Group" title="11th School Group">11th School Group</a> was operational at Brooks; the Advanced Flying School <a href="/wiki/10th_School_Group" title="10th School Group">10th School Group</a> was operational at Kelly Field. Students graduating the primary flying school at Brooks Field went on to the Advanced Flying School at Kelly Field.<sup id="cite_ref-Cameron_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cameron-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To be eligible to enter flight training, a candidate had to be an unmarried male citizen of the United States between the ages of twenty and twenty-seven and have a high school diploma or its equivalent. Applicants took a physical and educational examination, and those accepted were assigned to a primary flight school class at Brooks Field. Until 1926, most students learned to fly on the JN-6H. The Advanced Flying School divided its system of instruction into basic and advanced phases. Basic training continued the staged instruction of primary training in which all students worked through increasingly difficult maneuvers. Advanced students spent approximately twelve weeks performing, figure-eights, 180- and 360-degree turns, performance flights, formations, and cross-country and night flying. The students were then moved into specialized flying of observation, bombing, pursuit, or attack aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-Cameron_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cameron-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air_Corps_Training_Center">Air Corps Training Center</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Air Corps Training Center"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:March_1927_Kelly_and_Brooks_Field_Texas_Classbook.pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/March_1927_Kelly_and_Brooks_Field_Texas_Classbook.pdf/page1-220px-March_1927_Kelly_and_Brooks_Field_Texas_Classbook.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/March_1927_Kelly_and_Brooks_Field_Texas_Classbook.pdf/page1-330px-March_1927_Kelly_and_Brooks_Field_Texas_Classbook.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/March_1927_Kelly_and_Brooks_Field_Texas_Classbook.pdf/page1-440px-March_1927_Kelly_and_Brooks_Field_Texas_Classbook.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1097" data-file-height="1639" /></a><figcaption>March 1927 Kelly and Brooks Field Texas Pilot Graduation Classbook</figcaption></figure> <p>Flying Division, Air Training Command's origins begin in 1922 when the <a href="/wiki/Army_Air_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Air Service">Army Air Service</a> consolidated its center for primary training at <a href="/wiki/Brooks_Air_Force_Base" title="Brooks Air Force Base">Brooks Field</a>, Texas, and its advanced center at Kelly Field, Texas. In the era after World War I, each phase of instruction lasted about six months, with the school at Kelly being divided into three months of basic and advanced instruction. With the decision by the <a href="/wiki/Coolidge_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Coolidge Administration">Coolidge Administration</a> to expand the Air Service, the Army established the <b>Air Corps Training Center</b> in San Antonio, with the two fight schools, and adding the School of Aviation Medicine at Brooks Field.<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As the new center began to carry out its mission of improving the supervision of flying training, it discovered that the facilities in the San Antonio area were insufficient to accommodate the expanded number of cadets entering primary training. Hence, primary pilot training resumed at March Field, California, from 1927 to 1931.<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The decision in 1927 to continue the system of a hierarchy of training schools led to the search for another primary flying field close to the hub of activity and the good weather in Texas. The investigation resulted in the selection of an area seventeen miles northeast of San Antonio. Opened on 1 January 1931, Randolph Field was trumpeted as the "West Point of the Air".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the opening of Randolph Field primary flight training was transferred from March to the new facility there. The Air Corps Training Center at Randolph Field was in charge of the entire Army pilot training program in the United States from 1931 to 1939. The Center developed an efficient, well-coordinated flying training program that focused on the quality of its pilots. It was not only critical to the development of military flight training, but also to the training of American pilots, who after graduation spread out over the world, some to commercial airline jobs in Latin America and the Philippines, others to the government or industry occupations that took them to Europe and Asia. However, the program only produced about 200 pilots a year.<sup id="cite_ref-Mau1919_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mau1919-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Randolph_Field_-_Consolidated_PT-3s_on_Parking_Ramp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Randolph_Field_-_Consolidated_PT-3s_on_Parking_Ramp.jpg/220px-Randolph_Field_-_Consolidated_PT-3s_on_Parking_Ramp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Randolph_Field_-_Consolidated_PT-3s_on_Parking_Ramp.jpg/330px-Randolph_Field_-_Consolidated_PT-3s_on_Parking_Ramp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Randolph_Field_-_Consolidated_PT-3s_on_Parking_Ramp.jpg/440px-Randolph_Field_-_Consolidated_PT-3s_on_Parking_Ramp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="653" data-file-height="347" /></a><figcaption>A field of Consolidated PT-3s stands ready for trainees</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Randolph_Field_-_Douglas_BT-2_Trainer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Randolph_Field_-_Douglas_BT-2_Trainer.jpg/220px-Randolph_Field_-_Douglas_BT-2_Trainer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Randolph_Field_-_Douglas_BT-2_Trainer.jpg/330px-Randolph_Field_-_Douglas_BT-2_Trainer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Randolph_Field_-_Douglas_BT-2_Trainer.jpg/440px-Randolph_Field_-_Douglas_BT-2_Trainer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1106" data-file-height="667" /></a><figcaption> An early model Douglas BT-2 (O-37) equipped with a flying blind hood.</figcaption></figure> <p>The size of its aircraft inventory and the number of airmen who trained at Randolph Field failed to equal the compound’s magnificence. By 1934 the school could graduate 150 cadets a year, although it had increased the number of flying hours by thirty-five and expanded the syllabus. Between the time in October 1931, when the first school troops reported to Randolph from the old primary schools at Brooks and March Fields, and 1 March 1935, when GHQ Air Force took form, slightly more than 2,000 would-be pilots reported to the Primary Flying School. Cadets constituted approximately 75 percent of the students reporting, and nearly 47 percent graduated.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The creation of the GHQ Air Force made 1935 a banner year, as the air arm moved a step closer to that longed-for reality. GHQAF gave the Chief of the Air Corps responsibility for overseeing individual training at the flying schools. The Training Section reviewed the programs of instruction at the Primary and Advanced Flying Schools, the Air Corps Tactical School, and the Air Corps Technical School; reviewed training programs submitted by the War Department; supervised preparation and revision of pertinent training materials including manuals, regulations, circulars, and films; maintained various types of training records and statistics; and reviewed and recommended matters concerning the training of the National Guard and Air Reserve.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Randolph_Field_Texas_1931.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Randolph_Field_Texas_1931.jpg/220px-Randolph_Field_Texas_1931.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Randolph_Field_Texas_1931.jpg/330px-Randolph_Field_Texas_1931.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Randolph_Field_Texas_1931.jpg/440px-Randolph_Field_Texas_1931.jpg 2x" data-file-width="914" data-file-height="712" /></a><figcaption>Randolph Field, Texas, 1931</figcaption></figure> <p>In late 1937 Chief of the Air Corps Maj. Gen. Oscar Westover submitted to the General Staff a statement of Air Corps objectives that ratified pilot specialization and pinpointed desired stops in the now-established professional educational system along an upward path toward promotion and leadership. Following graduation from the Training Center, all officers would join a tactical unit for at least two years. Thereafter individuals might compete for additional education and training.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1939 only two Air Corps flying schools were operating, <a href="/wiki/Randolph_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Randolph Field">Randolph Field</a> and, for advanced training, Kelly Field with Brooks as a subpost.<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-VA194107_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VA194107-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beginning in 1939, the Air Corps contracted primary flight training to civilian schools, and Randolph Field's mission shifted to basic pilot training. It was General Arnold's belief that by turning over the responsibility for primary training to other agencies, he could free the Air Corps to concentrate its full resources on later phases of training, and thus in effect expand the capacity.<sup id="cite_ref-Hwar_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hwar-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Army_Air_Forces_Training_Command" title="Army Air Forces Training Command">Army Air Forces Training Command</a></div> <p>On 24 May 1940, General <a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Arnold" title="Henry H. Arnold">Henry H. Arnold</a> submitted a plan to the <a href="/wiki/War_Department_(United_Kingdom)" title="War Department (United Kingdom)">War Department</a> for 3 training centers.<sup id="cite_ref-ibiblio1_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ibiblio1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 131">: 131 </span></sup> When the new centers for the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_Air_Corps_Training_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="West Coast Air Corps Training Center">West Coast</a> (HQ at <a href="/wiki/Moffett_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Moffett Field">Moffett Field</a> CA) and <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Air_Corps_Training_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Southeast Air Corps Training Center">Southeast</a> (<a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Maxwell Field">Maxwell Field</a> AL) were established<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on 22 August 1940; the existing "Air Corps Training Center" was redesignated the <b>Gulf Coast Air Corps Training Center</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Funding of a 30,000-pilot training program was approved on 5 April 1941, and included new GCACTC bases at "Enid, Okla.; Perrin Field, Sherman, Tex.; Waco, Tex.; Moore Field, Mission, Tex.; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lubbock_Army_Airfield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lubbock Army Airfield (page does not exist)">Lubbock, Tex.</a>; Midland, Tex.; and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lake_Charles_Army_Airfield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lake Charles Army Airfield (page does not exist)">Lake Charles, La.</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-ibiblio1_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ibiblio1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1941, "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Gulf_Coast_Air_Corps_Training_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Gulf Coast Air Corps Training Center (page does not exist)">thirty-two major flying fields</a> comprise[d] the Gulf Coast Air Corps Training Center" for basic and advanced flying training<sup id="cite_ref-Valentine_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Valentine-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> plus 16 <a href="/wiki/USAAF_Contract_Flying_School_Airfields" class="mw-redirect" title="USAAF Contract Flying School Airfields">civilian flight schools</a> by October (a bombing range was also part of the center).<sup id="cite_ref-VA194107_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VA194107-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:31st_Flying_Training_Wing_(World_War_II)_-_Map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/31st_Flying_Training_Wing_%28World_War_II%29_-_Map.png/220px-31st_Flying_Training_Wing_%28World_War_II%29_-_Map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/31st_Flying_Training_Wing_%28World_War_II%29_-_Map.png/330px-31st_Flying_Training_Wing_%28World_War_II%29_-_Map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/31st_Flying_Training_Wing_%28World_War_II%29_-_Map.png/440px-31st_Flying_Training_Wing_%28World_War_II%29_-_Map.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="525" /></a><figcaption>World War II locations of airfields controlled by the Central Flying Training Command, AAFTC<br /><b>NOTE</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marfa_Army_Airfield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marfa Army Airfield (page does not exist)">Marfa Army Airfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pecos_Army_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Pecos Army Airfield">Pecos Army Airfield</a>, & <a href="/wiki/Wink_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Wink Field">Wink Field</a> in <a href="/wiki/West_Texas" title="West Texas">West Texas</a> were part of the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_Air_Corps_Training_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="West Coast Air Corps Training Center">West Coast ACTC</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Central Instructors School</b> began at Randolph in January 1942, and the first "flying sergeants" graduated as combat pilots in May 1942 "at a <a href="/wiki/Civilian_Pilot_Training_Program" title="Civilian Pilot Training Program">civil contract flying school</a> in the Gulf Coast Air Corps Training Center"<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 26 September 1942, the GCACTC's Advanced Twin Engine and Bombardier Training Center at <a href="/wiki/Midland,_Texas" title="Midland, Texas">Midland, Texas</a>, was redesignated <a href="/wiki/Midland_Army_Airfield" title="Midland Army Airfield">Midland Army Airfield</a>'s <b>Army Air Forces Bombardier School</b> (<a href="/wiki/Colloquialism" title="Colloquialism">colloq.</a> <i>Bombardier College</i>) which operated 23 bombing ranges in <a href="/wiki/West_Texas" title="West Texas">West Texas</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (the school had moved to <a href="/wiki/Albuquerque_Army_Air_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Albuquerque Army Air Base">Albuquerque Army Air Base</a> by 28 February 1945).<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In conjunction with the USAAF Flying Training Command merging with the Technical Training Command;<sup id="cite_ref-kafbhist_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kafbhist-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on 31 July 1943, the Gulf Coast Air Corps Training Center was redesignated as the Central Flying Training Command when the GCACTC schools were consolidated with the separate navigator training (4 schools including 1 at <a href="/wiki/Ellington_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Ellington Field">Ellington Field</a> that had been a bombardier school) and <sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The consolidation supported January 1943 <a href="/wiki/Casablanca_Conference" title="Casablanca Conference">Casablanca Conference</a> decision regarding airpower in the European Theatre and the resulting "<a href="/wiki/Combined_Bomber_Offensive" title="Combined Bomber Offensive">Combined Bomber Offensive</a> from the United Kingdom" plan, which required aircrews for 4 development phases (944, 1192, 1746, & 2702 bombers) through 31 March 1944.<sup id="cite_ref-AAFRH19_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAFRH19-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 15">: 15 </span></sup> </p><p>By 1944, <b>Central Flying Training Command (CFTC)</b> controlled a large number of training schools in the Southwestern United States and established several <a href="/wiki/Wing_(military_aviation_unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wing (military aviation unit)">Wings</a> to provide organizational command and control over them, based on both training types and geography. The schools operated by CFTC part of the <a href="/wiki/Aviation_Cadet_Training_Program_(USAAF)" title="Aviation Cadet Training Program (USAAF)">Aviation Cadet Training Program</a>. These were:<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Curtiss-Wright_AT-9_Randolph_Field_TX.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Curtiss-Wright_AT-9_Randolph_Field_TX.jpg/220px-Curtiss-Wright_AT-9_Randolph_Field_TX.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Curtiss-Wright_AT-9_Randolph_Field_TX.jpg/330px-Curtiss-Wright_AT-9_Randolph_Field_TX.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Curtiss-Wright_AT-9_Randolph_Field_TX.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="227" /></a><figcaption>Instructors and air cadets at Randolph Field, Texas with Curtiss-Wright AT-9 advanced two-engine trainers, 1944</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>Classification</b>: This was the stage where it would be decided whether the cadet would train as a navigator, bombardier, or pilot</li> <li><b>Preflight</b>: Ground training for all air cadets. Successful completion meant being assigned to a flying school for training. "Washouts" were returned to the regular Air Corps ranks for reassignment.</li> <li><b>Primary (Phase I)</b>: Taught basic flying using two-seater training aircraft. Usually taught by contract flying schools operated by the WFTC</li> <li><b>Basic (Phase II)</b>: Formation flying, air navigation, cross-country flying skills were taught.</li> <li><b>Advanced (Phase II)</b>: Single or multi-engine aircraft schools for cadets becoming fighter, bomber or transport pilots. After graduation, the successful Air Cadet received his "wings" and were commissioned <a href="/wiki/Second_Lieutenant" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Lieutenant">Second Lieutenants</a>. In addition, experienced pilots in the field were sent to Training Command "transition schools" to acquire additional single or multi-engine flying ratings.</li></ul> <p>In addition to the American Air Cadets, Cadets from the British <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a> and <a href="/wiki/Free_French_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Free French Air Force">Free French Air Force</a> were trained in flying skills. CFTC also operated aircrew schools for <a href="/wiki/Navigator" title="Navigator">Navigators</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_(aircrew)" title="Bombardier (aircrew)">Bombardiers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Flexible_aerial_gunner" class="mw-redirect" title="Flexible aerial gunner">flexible aerial gunners</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_operator" title="Radio operator">Radio operators</a> were centrally trained at <a href="/wiki/Scott_Air_Force_Base" title="Scott Air Force Base">Scott Field</a>, Illinois. Other aircrew positions, such as B-29 flight engineers and RADAR operators were also trained later in the war as training requirements presented themselves. This included the first jet pilots in 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Postwar_era">Postwar era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Postwar era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shortly after the end of World War II on 15 December 1945, Central Flying Training Command consolidated with Western Flying Training Command on 1 November 1945 and was re-designated Western Flying Training Command. This reflected the massive demobilization after the end of the war and the closure of the majority of the wartime training bases.<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 15 December 1945 Western Flying Training Command consolidated with the Eastern Flying Training Command. The single entity became Army Air Forces Flying Training Command on 1 January 1946, with its headquarters at Randolph Field, Texas. On 1 November 1946, the Flying Training Command was re-designated as the Flying Training Division of the new <a href="/wiki/Air_Training_Command" title="Air Training Command">Air Training Command</a>, established as part of the postwar reorganization of the Army Air Forces.<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Marcos_Field_Texas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/San_Marcos_Field_Texas.jpg/220px-San_Marcos_Field_Texas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/San_Marcos_Field_Texas.jpg/330px-San_Marcos_Field_Texas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/San_Marcos_Field_Texas.jpg/440px-San_Marcos_Field_Texas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="944" data-file-height="654" /></a><figcaption>May 1946 photo of the parking ramp of San Marcos Field, Texas which operated the Flying Division helicopter and liaison schools</figcaption></figure> <p>By 1946, all the wartime Flying Training Wings were disbanded, and command and control were consolidated into the Flying Training Division. The flight schools at the bases which remained open were consolidated into the Army Air Forces (later Air Force) base units. After the establishment of the United States Air Force in September 1947 and the implementation of the <a href="/wiki/Hobson_Wing-Base_plan" class="mw-redirect" title="Hobson Wing-Base plan">Hobson Wing-Base plan</a> in 1948, the Base Units were discontinued, and ATC established new Pilot Training Wings at each base. This new plan made the training organizations uniform with the other major commands throughout the Air Force.<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition, the pilot training program was consolidated into two classes, Basic and Advanced. Also, the wide variety of training aircraft was reduced to streamline the training program. Jet training aircraft and courses were also added, along with helicopter training as the new wartime technologies were added into the postwar Air Force inventory as fully operational weapons systems.<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Austere postwar military budgets led to additional consolidations and all of the flying programs suffered from shortages of aircraft replacement parts, qualified maintenance personnel, and instructors—problems that existed been with the schools throughout the postwar era. The last half of 1949 was an exercise in austerity. President Harry S. Truman decided that the country could only afford a 48-group Air Force. With only a minimum of operating funds available, the Secretary of Defense directed major spending cuts throughout the Department of Defense (DOD). In a re-organization, Flying Division, Air Training Command was inactivated on 14 November 1949 when Air Training Command absorbed its subordinate Divisions into its command organization to comply with the budget reduction directive.<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lineage">Lineage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Lineage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Constituted as the <b>Air Corps Training Center</b></li> <li>Activated on 1 September 1926</li> <li>Redesignated <b>Gulf Coast Air Corps Training Center</b> on 8 July 1940</li> <li>Redesignated <b>Army Air Forces Gulf Coast Training Center</b> on 29 October 1942</li> <li>Redesignated <b>Central Flying Training Command</b> on 31 July 1943</li> <li>Redesignated <b>Western Flying Training Command</b> on 15 December 1945</li> <li>Redesignated <b>Army Air Forces Flying Training Command</b> on 1 January 1946</li> <li>Redesignated <b>Flying Division, Air Training Command</b> on 1 July 1946</li> <li>Inactivated on 14 November 1949<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Assignments">Assignments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Assignments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Office of the Chief of Air Corps, 1 September 1926</li> <li>Air Corps Flying Training Command (later Army Air Forces Flying Training Command, Army Air Forces Training Command, Air Training Command), 23 January 1942 – 14 November 1949<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stations">Stations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Stations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>San Antonio, Texas, 1 September 1926</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randolph_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Randolph Field">Randolph Field</a> (later Randolph Air Force Base), Texas, 1 January 1931 – 14 November 1949<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Major_Components">Major Components</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Major Components"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Inter-war_years">Inter-war years</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Inter-war years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Brooks_Air_Force_Base" title="Brooks Air Force Base">Brooks Field</a>, San Antonio, Texas</dt> <dd>Air Service (later Corps) Primary Flying School</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/11th_School_Group" title="11th School Group">11th School Group</a>, 1 September 1922 – 1 October 1931</dd> <dd>School of Aerospace Medicine, 30 June 1926 – 30 October 1931<sup id="cite_ref-Clay_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clay-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/March_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="March Field">March Field</a>, Riverside, California</dt> <dd>Air Corps Primary Flying School</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/13th_School_Group" title="13th School Group">13th School Group</a>, 31 July 1927 – 30 April 1931<sup id="cite_ref-Clay_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clay-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p><br /> </p> </td> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Field" title="Kelly Field">Kelly Field</a>, San Antonio, Texas</dt> <dd>Air Service (later Corps) Advanced Flying School, 22 June 1922-</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/10th_School_Group" title="10th School Group">10th School Group</a>, 22 June 1922 – 15 July 1931</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/24th_School_Wing" title="24th School Wing">24th School Wing</a> 1 August 1927 – 1 October 1931<sup id="cite_ref-Clay_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clay-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Randolph_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Randolph Field">Randolph Field</a>, San Antonio, Texas</dt> <dd>Air Corps Primary Flying School*, 31 December 1931-</dd> <dd>School of Aerospace Medicine, 30 October 1931 – 15 September 1944<sup id="cite_ref-Clay_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clay-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><small>*All primary flying school units consolidated at Randolph Field, 31 December 1931</small> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="World_War_II_2">World War II</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1216972533"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/31st_Flying_Training_Wing_(World_War_II)" title="31st Flying Training Wing (World War II)">31st Flying Training Wing</a> (Primary)</li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Headquarters:</b> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Enid_Army_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Enid Army Airfield">Enid Army Airfield</a>, Oklahoma, 16 Jan 1943</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth_Army_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Worth Army Airfield">Fort Worth Army Airfield</a>, Texas, 31 May-30 December 1945<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/32d_Flying_Training_Wing_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="32d Flying Training Wing (World War II)">32d Flying Training Wing</a> (Basic)</li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Headquarters:</b> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Perrin_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Perrin Field">Perrin Field</a>, Texas, 16 January 1943</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Randolph_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Randolph Field">Randolph Field</a>, Texas, 31 October 1945 – 13 October 1946<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/33d_Flying_Training_Wing_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="33d Flying Training Wing (World War II)">33d Flying Training Wing</a> (Advanced, Two Engine)</li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Headquarters:</b> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Blackland_Army_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackland Army Airfield">Blackland Army Airfield</a>, Texas, 16 January 1943</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Waco_Army_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Waco Army Airfield">Waco Army Airfield</a>, Texas, 8 Jul 1944</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Randolph_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Randolph Field">Randolph Field</a>, Texas, 31 October 1945 – 13 October 1946<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/34th_Flying_Training_Wing_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="34th Flying Training Wing (World War II)">34th Flying Training Wing</a> (Bombardier and Specialized Two/Four-Engine)</li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Headquarters:</b> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/San_Angelo_Army_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="San Angelo Army Airfield">San Angelo Army Airfield</a>, Texas, 8 January 1943</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Midland_Army_Airfield" title="Midland Army Airfield">Midland Army Airfield</a>, Texas, 25 May 1945 – 16 June 1946<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p><br /> </p> </td> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/77th_Flying_Training_Wing_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="77th Flying Training Wing (World War II)">77th Flying Training Wing</a> (Advanced, Single Engine)</li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Headquarters:</b> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Foster_Army_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Foster Army Airfield">Foster Army Airfield</a>, Texas, 25 August 1943</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bryan_Army_Air_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Bryan Army Air Base">Bryan Army Air Base</a>, Texas, 26 March 1945 – 16 June 1946<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/78th_Flying_Training_Wing_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="78th Flying Training Wing (World War II)">78th Flying Training Wing</a> (Classification/Preflight)</li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Headquarters:</b> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio_Aviation_Cadet_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="San Antonio Aviation Cadet Center">San Antonio Aviation Cadet Center</a>, Texas, 25 August 1943 – 30 June 1945<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/79th_Flying_Training_Wing_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="79th Flying Training Wing (World War II)">79th Flying Training Wing</a> (Gunnery)</li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Headquarters:</b> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Harlingen_Army_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Harlingen Army Airfield">Harlingen Army Airfield</a>, Texas, 25 August 1943</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Maxwell Field">Maxwell Field</a>, Alabama, 15 October-30 December 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/80th_Flying_Training_Wing_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="80th Flying Training Wing (World War II)">80th Flying Training Wing</a> (Navigation and Glider)</li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Headquarters:</b> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/San_Marcos_Army_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="San Marcos Army Airfield">San Marcos Army Airfield</a>, Texas, 25 August 1943</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ellington_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Ellington Field">Ellington Field</a>, Texas, 1 January 1945 – 16 June 1946<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Postwar">Postwar</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Postwar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li>Randolph Field (later Air Force Base), Texas</li></ul> <dl><dd>2532d Army Air Forces (later Air Force) Base Unit</dd> <dd>3510th Pilot Training Wing (Basic)<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li>Barksdale Field (later Air Force Base), Louisiana<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd>331st Army Air Forces (later Air Force) Base Unit</dd> <dd>3500th Pilot Training Wing (Advanced, Multi-Engine)<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li>Goodfellow Field (later Air Force Base), Texas<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd>2533d Army Air Forces Base Unit</dd> <dd>3545th Pilot Training Wing (Basic)<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li>Mather Field (later Air Force Base), California</li></ul> <dl><dd>1505th Army Air Forces (later Air Force) Base Unit</dd> <dd>3535th Bombardier Training Wing <sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li>Las Vegas Field (later Air Force Base), Nevada<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd>3006th Army Air Forces Base Unit</dd> <dd>3595th Pilot Training Wing (Advanced, Single-Engine)<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li>San Marcos Field, Texas (later Air Force Base<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd>2456th Army Air Forces (later Air Force) Base Unit</dd> <dd>3585th Pilot Training Wing (Liaison-Helicopter)<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li>Perrin Field (later Air Force Base), Texas<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd>2621st Army Air Forces Base Unit</dd> <dd>3585th Pilot Training Wing (Basic)<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li>Waco Field (later Air Force Base), Texas<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd>2543d Army Air Forces Base Unit</dd> <dd>3565th Pilot Training Wing (Basic)<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li>Enid Field (later Air Force Base), Oklahoma<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd>2518th Army Air Forces Base Unit</dd> <dd>3575th Pilot Training Wing (Advanced, Multi-Engine)<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li>Williams Field (later Air Force Base), Arizona</li></ul> <dl><dd>3010th Army Air Forces (later Air Force) Base Unit</dd> <dd>3525th Pilot Training Wing (Advanced, Single-Engine)<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Major_Aircraft">Major Aircraft</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Major Aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Inter-war_years_2">Inter-war years</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Inter-war years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Primary trainers</dt> <dd> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_PT-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Consolidated PT-1">Consolidated PT-1</a>, 1921–1928</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_PT-3" title="Consolidated PT-3">Consolidated PT-3</a> (PT-11, PT-12), 1927–1937</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Boeing-Stearman_PT-13" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing-Stearman PT-13">Boeing-Stearman PT-13</a>, 1937-<sup id="cite_ref-Mau1919_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mau1919-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Basic trainers</dt> <dd> <dl><dd>Curtiss-Wright (de Havilland) DH-4 1921–1932</dd> <dd>Douglas O-2K (Converted to BT-1), 1930–</dd> <dd>Douglas O-32A (Converted to BT-2), 1930-<sup id="cite_ref-Mau1919_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mau1919-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Advanced trainers</dt> <dd> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-1_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-1 Hawk">Curtiss P-1 Hawk</a> (Converted to AT-4, AT-5), 1926–<sup id="cite_ref-Mau1919_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mau1919-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="World_War_II_3">World War II</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Primary flight training <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Boeing-Stearman_PT-17" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing-Stearman PT-17">Boeing-Stearman PT-17</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fairchild_PT-19" title="Fairchild PT-19">Fairchild PT-19</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ryan_PT-22" class="mw-redirect" title="Ryan PT-22">Ryan PT-22</a> twin-seat, single engine trainers<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd>Basic flight training <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Vultee_BT-13" class="mw-redirect" title="Vultee BT-13">Vultee BT-13</a> and Vultee BT-15<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd>Advanced flight training <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/North_American_AT-6" class="mw-redirect" title="North American AT-6">North American AT-6</a> (single engine); <a href="/wiki/Cessna_AT-17" class="mw-redirect" title="Cessna AT-17">Cessna AT-17</a> (two-engine)<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd>Specialized schools: <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_AT-9" class="mw-redirect" title="Curtiss-Wright AT-9">Curtiss-Wright AT-9s</a> were used for high performance two-engine training in preparation for <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-38" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed P-38">Lockheed P-38</a> Lightning training</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_AT-10" class="mw-redirect" title="Beechcraft AT-10">Beechcraft AT-10s</a> were used for pilots in training for two engine bombers (B-25s and B-26s)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_AT-11" class="mw-redirect" title="Beechcraft AT-11">Beechcraft AT-11s</a> were used for pilots in training for C-47 transports along with bombardier training</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_AT-7" class="mw-redirect" title="Beechcraft AT-7">Beechcraft AT-7s</a> were used for two-engine pilot training and also navigator training</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-17" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing B-17">Boeing B-17s</a> and <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_B-24" class="mw-redirect" title="Consolidated B-24">Consolidated B-24s</a> were used for four-engine pilot training</dd> <dd>L-2, L-3, L-4, TG-5 and TG-6s were used for glider and liaison pilot training</dd> <dd>Gunnery training schools flew A-33, AT-6s, AT-1s, B-34s, B-10s and RP-63s for air-to-air flexible gunnery training.<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Postwar_2">Postwar</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Postwar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1216972533"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <ul><li>Basic flight training<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/North_American_T-6G_Texan" class="mw-redirect" title="North American T-6G Texan">North American T-6G Texan</a></dd></dl> <ul><li>Advanced, Single-Engine<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-51D_Mustang" class="mw-redirect" title="North American F-51D Mustang">North American F-51D Mustang</a></dd></dl> <ul><li>Advanced, Multi-Engine<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Douglas_A-26_Invader" title="Douglas A-26 Invader">Douglas A-26 Invader</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/North_American_B-25_Mitchell" title="North American B-25 Mitchell">North American B-25 Mitchell</a></dd></dl> <ul><li>Advanced, Jet (Williams, Las Vegas)<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_T-33_Shooting_Star" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed T-33 Shooting Star">Lockheed T-33 Shooting Star</a></dd></dl> <p><br /> </p> </td> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <ul><li>Liaison-Helicopter<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Piper_L-4_Grasshopper" class="mw-redirect" title="Piper L-4 Grasshopper">Piper L-4 Grasshopper</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aeronca_L-16A_Grasshopper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aeronca L-16A Grasshopper (page does not exist)">Aeronca L-16A Grasshopper</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_R-5" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikorsky R-5">Sikorsky R-5</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_R-6" title="Sikorsky R-6">Sikorsky R-6</a></dd></dl> <ul><li>Navigation<sup id="cite_ref-ATC_1-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Convair_T-29" class="mw-redirect" title="Convair T-29">Convair T-29</a></dd></dl> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_notable_commanders">List of notable commanders</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: List of notable commanders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Gerald C. Brant, 4 October 1940–22 October 1941<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_P._Lahm" title="Frank P. Lahm">Frank P. Lahm</a>, 23 October 1941 – 30 November 1941</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_R._Harmon" title="Hubert R. Harmon">Hubert R. Harmon</a>, 1 December 1941–September, 1942<sup id="cite_ref-Advocate_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Advocate-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a href="/wiki/Copyright_status_of_works_by_the_federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Copyright status of works by the federal government of the United States">public domain material</a> from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.afhra.af.mil/">Air Force Historical Research Agency</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ATC-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-26"><sup><i><b>aa</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-27"><sup><i><b>ab</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-28"><sup><i><b>ac</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-29"><sup><i><b>ad</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-30"><sup><i><b>ae</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-31"><sup><i><b>af</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-32"><sup><i><b>ag</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-33"><sup><i><b>ah</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATC_1-34"><sup><i><b>ai</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Manning, Thomas A. (2005), <i>History of Air Education and Training Command, 1942–2002</i>. Office of History and Research, Headquarters, AETC, Randolph AFB, Texas <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/71006954">71006954</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/29991467">29991467</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cameron-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cameron_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cameron_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cameron_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cameron_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cameron_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cameron, Rebecca Hancock, 1999, Training to Fly. Military Flight Training 1907–1945, Chapter 4: Training at home for War Overseas. Air Force History and Museums Program, Air Force Historical Research Agency, Maxwell AFB, Alabama</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cameron, p. 252</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mau1919-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mau1919_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mau1919_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mau1919_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mau1919_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Maurer, Maurer (1987). Aviation in the U.S. Army, 1919–1939, Office of Air Force History, Washington, D.C. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4102-1391-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-4102-1391-9">1-4102-1391-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cameron, p. 253</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cameron, p. 274</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cameron, p. 275</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VA194107-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-VA194107_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VA194107_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=FJhSAAAAIBAJ&sjid=-TUNAAAAIBAJ&pg=1409,5812249&dq=gulf-coast-air-corps-training-center&hl=en">"The Victoria Advocate"</a> – via Google News Archive Search.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Victoria+Advocate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DFJhSAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3D-TUNAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D1409%2C5812249%26dq%3Dgulf-coast-air-corps-training-center%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlying+Division%2C+Air+Training+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hwar-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hwar_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/AAF/VI/AAF-VI-14.html">The Army Air Forces in World War II: Chapter 14 The Foundations of a War Training Program</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ibiblio1-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ibiblio1_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ibiblio1_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/AAF/VI/AAF-VI-4.html">The Army Air Forces in World War II Volume VI: Men and Planes: Chapter 4</a>. Ibiblio.org. Retrieved on 2013-09-18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=OWsiAAAAIBAJ&pg=6588,1304118&dq=gulf-coast-air-corps-training-center&hl=en">"War Department Names Moffett Training Center"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/San_Jose_News" class="mw-redirect" title="San Jose News">San Jose News</a></i>. 15 July 1940<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=San+Jose+News&rft.atitle=War+Department+Names+Moffett+Training+Center&rft.date=1940-07-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DOWsiAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6588%2C1304118%26dq%3Dgulf-coast-air-corps-training-center%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlying+Division%2C+Air+Training+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=CD0cAAAAIBAJ&pg=4377,5058988&dq=gulf-coast-air-corps-training-center&hl=en">"Life of Pioneer Airman will be Enacted on Air"</a>. <i>The Victoria Advocate</i>. 28 November 1941<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Victoria+Advocate&rft.atitle=Life+of+Pioneer+Airman+will+be+Enacted+on+Air&rft.date=1941-11-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DCD0cAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D4377%2C5058988%26dq%3Dgulf-coast-air-corps-training-center%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlying+Division%2C+Air+Training+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Valentine-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Valentine_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFValentine1941" class="citation news cs1">Valentine, Harvey E. (17 August 1941). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1941/08/17/archives/new-army-air-schools-number-of-centers-for-training-of-military.html">"New Army Air Schools"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(Article Preview)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Army+Air+Schools&rft.date=1941-08-17&rft.aulast=Valentine&rft.aufirst=Harvey+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1941%2F08%2F17%2Farchives%2Fnew-army-air-schools-number-of-centers-for-training-of-military.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlying+Division%2C+Air+Training+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColwell" class="citation web cs1">Colwell, James L. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/qbm02">"Midland Army Air Field"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Historical_Association" title="Texas State Historical Association">Texas State Historical Association</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2012</span>. <q><i>In August 1943 the AAF Central Bombardier Instructor School was transferred from Carlsbad, New Mexico, to Midland ... the "West Texas Bombardier Triangle" of bases at Big Spring (1942), San Angelo (1942), and Childress (1943), and were instrumental in developing photographic and sonic methods of scoring bomb hits and analyzing bombing proficiency</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Midland+Army+Air+Field&rft.pub=Texas+State+Historical+Association&rft.aulast=Colwell&rft.aufirst=James+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tshaonline.org%2Fhandbook%2Fonline%2Farticles%2Fqbm02&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlying+Division%2C+Air+Training+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a href="/wiki/Copyright_status_of_works_by_the_federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Copyright status of works by the federal government of the United States">public domain material</a> from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.afhra.af.mil/">Air Force Historical Research Agency</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (June 2012)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:rS2U3DcsPHgJ:www.vance.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-101216-020.doc+%2231st+Flying+Training+Wing%22&hl=en&gl=us&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESh6CZd3geXQKUZNMZwWsxbUyo7IIgwi3eRXQmmHNrSrpQ7E9SNhBYJ3tYJb5B2c7mkh3FnVYJI4k81nb0trME-F4x1sMiYN5RCem7PXFLHZBjFlnFkcM6F4YTtKNv_to7n5oIma&sig=AHIEtbRwUoxVugKHUgJS5SrJb3NiyjPuWg">Google Drive Viewer</a>. Docs.google.com. Retrieved on 2013-09-18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kafbhist-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kafbhist_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.denix.osd.mil/cr/upload/kirtland-historic-context_0.pdf">National Register of Historic Places, Historic Context and Evaluation for Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque, New Mexico</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130601170303/http://www.denix.osd.mil/cr/upload/kirtland-historic-context_0.pdf">Archived</a> 1 June 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCravenCate1949" class="citation book cs1">Craven, Wesley Frank; Cate, James Lea, eds. (1949). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/AAF/VI/AAF-VI-17.html">"Chapter 17: Individual Training of Flying Personnel"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Army_Air_Forces_in_World_War_II" title="The Army Air Forces in World War II"><i>The Army Air Forces in World War II</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4289-1587-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-4289-1587-7"><bdi>1-4289-1587-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/9828710">9828710</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2012</span>. <q>by May 1943 there were <a href="/wiki/Category:USAAF_Contract_Flying_School_Airfields" title="Category:USAAF Contract Flying School Airfields">fifty-six contract primary schools</a> in operation. At each school, the AAF maintained a small military contingent whose services were gradually expanded, but the military element in the activity of these schools was subordinated to the task of learning to fly.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+17%3A+Individual+Training+of+Flying+Personnel&rft.btitle=The+Army+Air+Forces+in+World+War+II&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1949&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F9828710&rft.isbn=1-4289-1587-7&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibiblio.org%2Fhyperwar%2FAAF%2FVI%2FAAF-VI-17.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlying+Division%2C+Air+Training+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AAFRH19-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AAFRH19_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStormont1946" class="citation cs2">Stormont, John F. (Capt) (March 1946) [1945 summer], <i>The Combined Bomber Offensive: April through December 1943</i>, AAF Historical Office; Headquarters, Army Air Force</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Combined+Bomber+Offensive%3A+April+through+December+1943&rft.pub=AAF+Historical+Office%3B+Headquarters%2C+Army+Air+Force&rft.date=1946-03&rft.aulast=Stormont&rft.aufirst=John+F.+%28Capt%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlying+Division%2C+Air+Training+Command" class="Z3988"></span> (available at the Dwight D. <a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_Presidential_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Eisenhower Presidential Library">Eisenhower Presidential Library</a> in the "Collection of 20th Century Military Records, 1918–1950 Series I"; Historical Studies Box 35).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (June 2008)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clay-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Clay_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clay_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clay_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clay_20-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Clay, Steven E. (2011). US Army Order of Battle 1919–1941. 3 The Services: Air Service, Engineers, and Special Troops 1919–1941. Fort Leavenworth, KS: Combat Studies Institute Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9841901-4-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9841901-4-0">978-0-9841901-4-0</a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/item/2010022326">2010-22326</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/637712205">637712205</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">31st Flying Training Wing, lineage and history document Air Force Historical Agency, Maxwell AFB, Alabama</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">32d Flying Training Wing, lineage and history document Air Force Historical Agency, Maxwell AFB, Alabama</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">33d Flying Training Wing, lineage and history document Air Force Historical Agency, Maxwell AFB, Alabama</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">34th Flying Training Wing, lineage and history document Air Force Historical Agency, Maxwell AFB, Alabama</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">77th Flying Training Wing, lineage and history document Air Force Historical Agency, Maxwell AFB, Alabama</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">78th Flying Training Wing, lineage and history document Air Force Historical Agency, Maxwell AFB, Alabama</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">79th Flying Training Wing, lineage and history document Air Force Historical Agency, Maxwell AFB, Alabama</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">80th Flying Training Wing, lineage and history document Air Force Historical Agency, Maxwell AFB, Alabama</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Conducted flying training and was HQ AAFTC location from 25 February 1946 until 17 October 1949; transferred to Strategic Air Command</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Inactive 1 July 1946 – 1 December 1947</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Inactive 28 August 1946 – 1 April 1948</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Inactive 30 November 1945 – 1 May 1946; Closed 1 March 1949</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Inactive 31 October 1946 – 1 April 1948</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Inactive 15 December 1945 – 1 October 1948</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Inactive 31 January 1947 – 1 August 1948</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=9XRFAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ibwMAAAAIBAJ&pg=5823,6020388&dq=gulf-coast-air-corps-training-center&hl=en">"The Telegraph-Herald"</a> – via Google News Archive Search.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Telegraph-Herald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3D9XRFAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DibwMAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D5823%2C6020388%26dq%3Dgulf-coast-air-corps-training-center%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlying+Division%2C+Air+Training+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Advocate-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Advocate_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=b5hSAAAAIBAJ&dq=gulf-coast-air-corps-training-center&pg=3778%2C2007291">"New Replacement Center for Airmen to Open on Nov. 12"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Victoria_Advocate" title="The Victoria Advocate">The Victoria Advocate</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Texas" title="Victoria, Texas">Victoria, Texas</a>. 6 November 1941<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Victoria+Advocate&rft.atitle=New+Replacement+Center+for+Airmen+to+Open+on+Nov.+12&rft.date=1941-11-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3Db5hSAAAAIBAJ%26dq%3Dgulf-coast-air-corps-training-center%26pg%3D3778%252C2007291&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlying+Division%2C+Air+Training+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/30px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/40px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="320" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Army_Air_Forces_Training_Command" title="Army Air Forces Training Command">Army Air Forces Training Command</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Flying training</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Flying schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_Air_Forces_Eastern_Flying_Training_Command" title="Army Air Forces Eastern Flying Training Command">Eastern Flying Training Command</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Central Flying Training Command</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Western Flying Training Command</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Specialized schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USAAF_Bombardiers_School" class="mw-redirect" title="USAAF Bombardiers School">Bombardier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USAAF_Contract_Flying_School_Airfields" class="mw-redirect" title="USAAF Contract Flying School Airfields">Contract Flying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USAAF_Glider_Training_Airfields" class="mw-redirect" title="USAAF Glider Training Airfields">Glider Training</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USAAF_Gunnery_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USAAF Gunnery School (page does not exist)">Gunnery</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USAAF_Navigators_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USAAF Navigators School (page does not exist)">Navigator</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Army_Air_Forces_Training_Command_-_Patch.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Army_Air_Forces_Training_Command_-_Patch.png/80px-Army_Air_Forces_Training_Command_-_Patch.png" decoding="async" width="80" 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