CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Mallory and Irvine Research Expedition - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"fbd4f5b6-b63f-4521-babb-0386e3b685ba","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition","wgTitle":"Mallory and Irvine Research Expedition","wgCurRevisionId":1255516538,"wgRevisionId":1255516538,"wgArticleId":1443376,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Use dmy dates from June 2023","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from February 2020","CS1: long volume value","Mount Everest expeditions"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition","wgRelevantArticleId":1443376, "wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q3822857","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"], "GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher", "ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Mallory and Irvine Research Expedition - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition rootpage-Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Mallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Mallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Mallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Mallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Preparations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Preparations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Preparations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Preparations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discovery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discovery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Discovery </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discovery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reaction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reaction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Reaction </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reaction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subsequent_expeditions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subsequent_expeditions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Subsequent expeditions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subsequent_expeditions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Mallory and Irvine Research Expedition</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 4 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-4" aria-hidden="true" > 4 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expedici%C3%B3_de_recerca_de_Mallory_i_Irvine" title="Expedició de recerca de Mallory i Irvine – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Expedició de recerca de Mallory i Irvine" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expedici%C3%B3n_de_b%C3%BAsqueda_de_Mallory_e_Irvine" title="Expedición de búsqueda de Mallory e Irvine – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Expedición de búsqueda de Mallory e Irvine" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exp%C3%A9ditions_de_recherche_de_Mallory_et_Irvine" title="Expéditions de recherche de Mallory et Irvine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Expéditions de recherche de Mallory et Irvine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B8_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Поиски Мэллори и Ирвина – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Поиски Мэллори и Ирвина" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3822857#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition">Read</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q">Special pages</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&oldid=1255516538" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&id=1255516538&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3822857" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1999 Mount Everest expedition</div> The goal of the Mallory and Irvine Research Expedition of 1999 was to discover evidence of whether <a href="/wiki/George_Mallory" title="George Mallory">George Mallory</a> and <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Irvine_(mountaineer)" title="Andrew Irvine (mountaineer)">Andrew Irvine</a> had been the first to summit <a href="/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest">Mount Everest</a> in <a href="/wiki/1924_British_Mount_Everest_expedition" title="1924 British Mount Everest expedition">their attempt of 8–9 June 1924</a>. Key objectives included finding Irvine's body and retrieving a camera that might hold proof of their summit success. Jochen Hemmleb, after reviewing historical records, pinpointed a search area based on a 1975 Chinese expedition report. The expedition was instigated by British climber <a href="/wiki/Graham_Hoyland" title="Graham Hoyland">Graham Hoyland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> It was organised by regular Everest expedition leader <a href="/wiki/Eric_Simonson_(mountaineer)" title="Eric Simonson (mountaineer)">Eric Simonson</a> and advised by researcher Jochen Hemmleb, with a team of climbers from the United States, United Kingdom and Germany. Funded by WGBH/Boston's Nova series and the BBC, the expedition included mountaineers Eric Simonson, Conrad Anker, Dave Hahn, and others. On 1 May 1999, Anker discovered Mallory's body at 26,760 ft (8,156 m), well-preserved by the harsh conditions. The body showed significant injuries consistent with a fall. Various artifacts were recovered, but the camera remained missing. The discovery of Mallory's body raised intriguing questions, especially given the absence of a photo of his wife, which he had intended to leave at the summit, suggesting he might have reached it. Subsequent searches in 2001, 2004, and 2007 aimed to locate Irvine and further evidence but yielded limited results until a successful 2024 search. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Preparations">Preparations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Preparations">edit</a>]</div> The expedition's objective was to search for <a href="/wiki/Evidence" title="Evidence">evidence</a> of the <a href="/wiki/1924_British_Mount_Everest_expedition" title="1924 British Mount Everest expedition">1924 British Mount Everest expedition</a> and obtain information about the high point attained by Mallory and Irvine, which may have either supported or refuted whether or not they reached the summit.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeckwith2000375-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-mystery-of-mallory-5">[5]</a> The team hoped in particular to find a <a href="/wiki/Camera" title="Camera">camera</a> on Irvine's body which, had the pair been successful, should have contained a picture of the summit. After he had re-examined the historical record of Mount Everest North Face expeditions, Jochen Hemmleb recognised that the only seemingly factual information about Mallory and Irvine—other than <a href="/wiki/Artifact_(archaeology)" title="Artifact (archaeology)">artefacts</a> such as the <a href="/wiki/Ice_axe" title="Ice axe">ice axe</a> found by <a href="/wiki/Percy_Wyn-Harris" title="Percy Wyn-Harris">Percy Wyn-Harris</a> on the expedition led by <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Ruttledge" title="Hugh Ruttledge">Hugh Ruttledge</a> in 1933—was during a 1975 Chinese expedition. Wang Hongbao had discovered a body he had insisted was "English, English!" during what he asserted was a brief twenty-minute walk from Camp VI.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999111-6">[6]</a> The initial challenge was to identify the location of the 1975 Chinese Camp VI and use it as the centre point of a <a href="/wiki/Circle" title="Circle">circular</a> search zone with a twenty-minute walk or more, if necessary, <a href="/wiki/Radius" title="Radius">radius</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999112-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199931-8">[8]</a> From a photo of the 1975 Camp VI, published in Another Ascent of the World's Highest Peak—Qomolangma, Hemmleb determined that the Camp was on an ill-defined rib of rock that bisects the snow terrace on the North Face.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999112-7">[7]</a> Hemmleb believed this was the area in which Irvine's body lay, some distance below his ice axe. The expedition was funded jointly by <a href="/wiki/WGBH-TV" title="WGBH-TV">WGBH</a>/Boston's <a href="/wiki/Nova_(American_TV_program)" title="Nova (American TV program)">Nova</a> series and the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft199938-9">[9]</a> The website MountainZone provided daily expedition dispatches.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft199936_&_195-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-1999-dispatches-11">[11]</a> Other sponsors were <a href="/wiki/Mountain_Hardwear" title="Mountain Hardwear">Mountain Hardwear</a>, <a href="/wiki/Outdoor_Research" title="Outdoor Research">Outdoor Research</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lowe_Alpine" title="Lowe Alpine">Lowe Alpine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eureka!_Tent_Company" title="Eureka! Tent Company">Eureka!</a>, <a href="/wiki/Starbucks" title="Starbucks">Starbucks</a>, <a href="/wiki/PowerBar" title="PowerBar">PowerBar</a>, Vasque Footwear, Slumberjack, and Glazer's Camera.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999195-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-1999-sponsors-13">[13]</a> The personnel were <a href="/wiki/Eric_Simonson_(mountaineer)" title="Eric Simonson (mountaineer)">Eric Simonson</a>, mountaineer and expedition leader; mountaineer and <a href="/wiki/Altitude#High_altitude_and_low_pressure" title="Altitude">high-altitude</a> <a href="/wiki/Cinematographer" title="Cinematographer">cameraman</a> <a href="/wiki/Dave_Hahn" title="Dave Hahn">Dave Hahn</a>; mountaineer and assistant film producer <a href="/wiki/Graham_Hoyland" title="Graham Hoyland">Graham Hoyland</a>;<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999195-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeckwith2000375-4">[4]</a> mountaineers <a href="/wiki/Conrad_Anker" title="Conrad Anker">Conrad Anker</a>, Jake Norton, Tap Richards, and Andy Politz;<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999195-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeckwith2000375-4">[4]</a> mountaineering historian, researcher, and support climber Jochen Hemmleb; mountaineering historian, researcher, and expedition organiser Larry Johnson; expedition <a href="/wiki/Expedition_medicine" title="Expedition medicine">doctor</a> Lee Meyers;<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft199921–28,_40,_&_195-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeckwith2000375-4">[4]</a> high-altitude cameraman Thom Pollard; film producers Liesl Clark and Peter Firstbrook; film sound technician Jyoti Lal Rana;<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999195-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeckwith2000375-4">[4]</a> photographer Ned Johnston; and a team of twelve Sherpas led by Sirdar Dawa Nuru.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeckwith2000375-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-1999-expedition-15">[15]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discovery">Discovery</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Discovery">edit</a>]</div> On 1 May 1999, at approximately 10:00 a.m., Anker, Hahn, Norton, Politz, and Richards reached 26,900 ft (8,199 m), where they were to establish Camp VI.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999113–116_&_196–197-16">[16]</a> From there, the five mountaineers set out at 10:30 a.m. for the "ill-defined rib" identified in Hemmleb's search guidelines and traversed west over the North Face's precipitously angled terrain.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999116-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199931-8">[8]</a> Anker searched on intuition and descended to the lower margin of the snow terrace, where it drops away approximately 6,562 ft (2,000 m) to the head of the central <a href="/wiki/Rongbuk_Glacier" title="Rongbuk Glacier">Rongbuk Glacier</a>, and soon after zig-zagging back up the slope in the direction of Camp VI, he looked to the west and saw a "patch of white," which he proceeded towards, and ascertained that it was an old body; it was 11:45 a.m., and 26,760 ft (8,156 m) was the elevation where the corpse lay.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999119–197-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebSimonson2002180-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-patch-of-white-20">[20]</a> The body was partially frozen into the <a href="/wiki/Scree" title="Scree">scree</a> and well preserved due to the cold, dry air and constant freezing temperatures; it was lying <a href="/wiki/Prone_position" title="Prone position">prone</a>, fully extended, with both arms somewhat outstretched and the head pointed uphill.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999120–122-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199934-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-mystery-unresolved-23">[23]</a> The right leg had <a href="/wiki/Bone_fracture" title="Bone fracture">broken</a>, and the left leg was crossed over it, possibly for protection, suggesting the mountaineer was still <a href="/wiki/Consciousness" title="Consciousness">consciously</a> aware after coming to rest.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999121-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFirstbrook2000233-25">[25]</a> The rear of the body was predominantly exposed, as the clothing had been partially destroyed by the elements and blown away by the wind.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999121-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFirstbrook2000232–233-26">[26]</a> The exposed skin was bleached white, and although the corpse was frozen, purportedly, some elasticity remained in the frozen tissue; the hands and <a href="/wiki/Forearm" title="Forearm">forearms</a> appeared dark.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999121-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-bleached-frostbitten-27">[27]</a> Despite the body being notably intact, Everest's <a href="/wiki/Alpine_chough" title="Alpine chough">alpine choughs</a> had damaged the right leg, the <a href="/wiki/Buttocks" title="Buttocks">buttocks</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Abdominal_cavity" title="Abdominal cavity">abdominal cavity</a> by pecking at them and consuming most of the <a href="/wiki/Organ_(biology)" title="Organ (biology)">internal organs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199922-29">[29]</a> Tied to the corpse's waist were the remnants of a braided cotton climbing rope, some tangled around the body, from which its broken, frayed end trailed.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199921-30">[30]</a> On the right foot was an intact green leather <a href="/wiki/Hobnail" title="Hobnail">hobnailed</a> boot; only the <a href="/wiki/Shoe#Construction" title="Shoe">tongue</a> of the left boot remained, jammed between the left foot's bare toes and the <a href="/wiki/Shoe_heel" title="Shoe heel">heel</a> of the right boot.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFirstbrook2000233-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199921–22-31">[31]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kodak_Vest_Pocket_BW_2015-02-21_14-45-57.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Kodak_Vest_Pocket_BW_2015-02-21_14-45-57.jpg/180px-Kodak_Vest_Pocket_BW_2015-02-21_14-45-57.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Kodak_Vest_Pocket_BW_2015-02-21_14-45-57.jpg/270px-Kodak_Vest_Pocket_BW_2015-02-21_14-45-57.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Kodak_Vest_Pocket_BW_2015-02-21_14-45-57.jpg/360px-Kodak_Vest_Pocket_BW_2015-02-21_14-45-57.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2503" data-file-height="3040" /></a><figcaption>Vest Pocket Kodak</figcaption></figure> The prevalent assumption was that Irvine had fallen in 1924 from where, in 1933, <a href="/wiki/Percy_Wyn-Harris" title="Percy Wyn-Harris">Percy Wyn-Harris</a> had discovered the ice axe, presumably Irvine's; therefore, Anker, Hahn, Norton, and Richards expected the body to be his, but Politz said, "This is not him."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999118_&_121–123-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-mouth-agape-34">[n 1]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[34]</a> When they found the remains, before they touched them and determined who it was, they documented photographically and <a href="/wiki/Cinematography" title="Cinematography">cinematographically</a> the body and discovery site.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999123-36">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199922-29">[29]</a> Richards, an <a href="/wiki/Archaeology" title="Archaeology">archaeologist</a> by training, and Norton carefully separated the remaining layers of tattered garments that still covered part of the body, protecting them somewhat from the elements: multiple layers of cotton, silk underwear, a <a href="/wiki/Flannel" title="Flannel">flannel</a> shirt, <a href="/wiki/Woollen" class="mw-redirect" title="Woollen">woollen</a> pullover and pants, and an outer garment that resembled canvas.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999122-37">[36]</a> Close to the <a href="/wiki/Nape" title="Nape">nape</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Neck" title="Neck">neck</a>, Norton turned over part of the shirt <a href="/wiki/Collar_(clothing)" title="Collar (clothing)">collar</a> and found affixed to it a clothing label with red print, reading, "W.F. Paine, 72 High Street, Godalming," and below it a second label, again with red print, reading, "G. Mallory."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999108_&_122-38">[37]</a> They discovered another label with "G. Leigh. Ma," written in black, and a third label.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999108_&_122-38">[37]</a> The expedition members realised that they had found Mallory, rather than Irvine as expected.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999122–123-39">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199934-22">[22]</a> Because the corpse had frozen into the surrounding scree, the mountaineers used their ice axes and <a href="/wiki/Pocketknife" title="Pocketknife">pocketknives</a> to excavate the site to find crucial artefacts and, most importantly, Somervell's <a href="/wiki/Vest_Pocket_Kodak" title="Vest Pocket Kodak">Vest Pocket</a> <a href="/wiki/Kodak" title="Kodak">Kodak</a> camera that he "allegedly" had lent to Mallory for his summit attempt with Irvine.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999123–125-40">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199934–35-41">[40]</a> Presumably, if they had discovered the camera, it might have solved the mystery of whether or not the summit of Mount Everest was reached for the first time in 1924, years before the first confirmed successful summit of Mount Everest by <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Hillary" title="Edmund Hillary">Edmund Hillary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tenzing_Norgay" title="Tenzing Norgay">Tenzing Norgay</a> on 29 May 1953.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999124-42">[41]</a> Experts from Kodak have said that it might be possible to develop images from the camera's film using sophisticated techniques and have drawn up specific professional guidelines for an expedition that might discover the camera.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999124-42">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHolzelSalkeld1999320-43">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-holzel-kodak-44">[43]</a> The injuries on Mallory's body were severe; above the hobnail boot on his right foot, both the <a href="/wiki/Tibia" title="Tibia">tibia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fibula" title="Fibula">fibula</a> of his right leg—which lay at a grotesque angle—were broken.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199921-30">[30]</a> His right <a href="/wiki/Scapula" title="Scapula">scapula</a> was somewhat deformed, and his right elbow was fractured or <a href="/wiki/Dislocated" class="mw-redirect" title="Dislocated">dislocated</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199921-30">[30]</a> Along his right side were multiple still-noticeable cuts, <a href="/wiki/Bruises" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruises">bruises</a>, and abrasions; on his <a href="/wiki/Torso" title="Torso">torso</a>, his <a href="/wiki/Ribs" class="mw-redirect" title="Ribs">ribs</a> had fractured, and black and blue bruises were visible on the skin of his chest.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFirstbrook2000233-25">[25]</a> The broken climbing rope, which had been looped around his waist and secured with a <a href="/wiki/Bowline" title="Bowline">bowline</a> knot, had severely crushed his ribs and burned his skin; the indentation marks caused by the rope tugging on his skin were still observable around his torso; undoubtedly, he had fallen.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFirstbrook2000260-45">[44]</a> The rope-jerk injuries around Mallory's torso indicate that he and Irvine were roped to each other when the accident occurred; the exact circumstances surrounding their deaths are unknown.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFirstbrook2000260-45">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199921-30">[30]</a> After chipping at the ice and rock for one hour with their axes, the expedition members had freed one jacket pocket in which they discovered an <a href="/wiki/Altimeter" title="Altimeter">altimeter</a> manufactured by Cary, London, that could record altitude to a maximum of 30,000 ft (9,144 m); its crystal was broken and the hands were absent.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-mallory-altimeter-46">[45]</a> Norton reached underneath Mallory's body and found a pouch that hung from his neck.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125-28">[28]</a> After cutting the pouch's underside with his knife, he discovered a tin of Brand & Co's Savoury Meat Lozenges.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125–126-47">[46]</a> Also found were a pair of nail scissors in a leather case and a letter inside an <a href="/wiki/Envelope" title="Envelope">envelope</a>, flawlessly preserved.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999126-48">[47]</a> Other artefacts were discovered in a pouch on Mallory's right side and from separate pockets: a <a href="/wiki/Handkerchief" title="Handkerchief">handkerchief</a>—wrapped around some letters<a href="#cite_note-letter-photograph-52">[n 2]</a> addressed to Mallory—with a burgundy, blue, and green <a href="/wiki/Foulard" title="Foulard">foulard</a> pattern, decorated with the monogram G.L.M.; a second-handkerchief with a red, yellow, and blue pattern, also monogrammed with the initials G.L.M.; a <a href="/wiki/Tube_(container)" title="Tube (container)">tube</a> of <a href="/wiki/Petroleum_jelly" title="Petroleum jelly">petroleum jelly</a> wrapped in a white handkerchief; one fingerless glove; a W.E. Oates of <a href="/wiki/Sheffield" title="Sheffield">Sheffield</a> manufactured Lambfoot antler-handle pocket knife with a leather case; an intact box of still usable <a href="/wiki/Swan_Vesta" title="Swan Vesta">Swan Vestas</a> matches; and a variety of <a href="/wiki/Shoelaces" title="Shoelaces">boot laces</a> and straps.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999126–129-53">[51]</a> Other artefacts found were: a <a href="/wiki/Pencil" title="Pencil">pencil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Safety_pin" title="Safety pin">safety pin</a>; adjustable straps attached to a metal spring clip—used to connect an oxygen mask to Mallory's fur-lined leather helmet; a note from expedition member <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Bruce_(Indian_Army_officer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Geoffrey Bruce (Indian Army officer)">Geoffrey Bruce</a>; gear checklists, written in pencil on scraps of paper; a bill addressed to G.H. Leigh Mallory, <a href="/wiki/Esquire" title="Esquire">Esq</a>., Herschel House, Cambridge, from <a href="/wiki/Gamages" title="Gamages">A.W. Gamage Ltd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn">Holborn</a>, London, E.C.1.; and discovered deep inside a pocket was a pair of unbroken snow goggles.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999121_&_126–128-54">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-snow-goggles-59">[n 3]</a> The artefacts and samples of each layer of garments were placed one by one in resealable plastic <a href="/wiki/Ziploc" title="Ziploc">Ziploc</a> bags for examination.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999126-48">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199936-60">[57]</a> To the dismay of Anker, Hahn, Norton, Richards, and Politz, the most sought-after artefact, the Vest Pocket Kodak camera that Mallory had "allegedly" borrowed from Somervell, was not found after a thorough search.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199936-60">[57]</a> With the prior permission of Mallory's son, John Mallory, Anker cut a small skin sample from Mallory's right forearm for <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> analysis.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199937-61">[58]</a> The five expedition mountaineers buried Mallory by covering his remains with rocks, and Politz read a <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a> committal ceremony provided by <a href="/wiki/Barry_Rogerson" title="Barry Rogerson">Barry Rogerson</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Bristol" title="Bishop of Bristol">Bishop of Bristol</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999123_&_128-62">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199937-61">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-2">[2]</a> Controversy arose among family members and climbers as to what was seen as an attempt to capitalise on the discovery of the corpse, particularly as photographs of the body were reported to have been sold to Newsweek magazine for more than $40,000.<a href="#cite_note-63">[60]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mount_Everest,_Altitudes_Of_Various_Discoveries,_The_Three_Steps,_And_Its_Summit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Mount_Everest%2C_Altitudes_Of_Various_Discoveries%2C_The_Three_Steps%2C_And_Its_Summit.jpg/220px-Mount_Everest%2C_Altitudes_Of_Various_Discoveries%2C_The_Three_Steps%2C_And_Its_Summit.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Mount_Everest%2C_Altitudes_Of_Various_Discoveries%2C_The_Three_Steps%2C_And_Its_Summit.jpg/330px-Mount_Everest%2C_Altitudes_Of_Various_Discoveries%2C_The_Three_Steps%2C_And_Its_Summit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Mount_Everest%2C_Altitudes_Of_Various_Discoveries%2C_The_Three_Steps%2C_And_Its_Summit.jpg/440px-Mount_Everest%2C_Altitudes_Of_Various_Discoveries%2C_The_Three_Steps%2C_And_Its_Summit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1766" data-file-height="910" /></a><figcaption>North Face of Everest, altitudes of discoveries, the Three Steps, and its summit</figcaption></figure> On 16 May, expedition members Andy Politz and Tom Pollard returned to Mallory's burial site for one last search for the camera that he had reportedly carried, this time using a <a href="/wiki/Metal_detector" title="Metal detector">metal detector</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999161-64">[61]</a> After removing the rocks that covered his remains, Politz, using the metal detector, discovered a Borgel <a href="/wiki/Watch" title="Watch">wristwatch</a> in Mallory's pants pocket—an artefact the team had missed during their initial search on 1 May.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999161-64">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts1999139-65">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-mallory's-wristwatch-66">[63]</a> At the time of its discovery, the watch's <a href="/wiki/Watch#Parts" title="Watch">crystal</a> and minute hand were missing, and neither were discovered in Mallory's pocket or elsewhere; the second hand and hour hand were still in place on the watch when found; subsequently, the hour hand became dislodged from the watch.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999161–162_&_188_notes_of_chapter_8,_no._2-67">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-mallory-12:50-p.m.?-68">[65]</a> Politz also recovered a piece of Mallory's climbing rope—brittle from seventy-five years of exposure to the elements—and removed the hobnail boot from Mallory's right foot to add to the assemblage of artefacts.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts1999139-65">[62]</a> Again, the search for a camera proved unsuccessful after they thoroughly searched the site using the metal detector.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999161-64">[61]</a> Pollard resolved that he wanted to see Mallory's face frozen into the scree and remove the ice and dirt surrounding his head.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts1999139-65">[62]</a> After excavating, he had uncovered and freed Mallory's head adequately so that he could lie on the ground and look straight at his face, which was, to a small extent, distorted; his eyes were closed; there was stubble on his <a href="/wiki/Chin" title="Chin">chin</a>; and on his <a href="/wiki/Forehead" title="Forehead">forehead</a> above his left eye was a puncture wound from which two pieces of <a href="/wiki/Skull" title="Skull">skull</a> protruded; and there was dried blood.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999161-64">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts1999139-65">[62]</a> Politz and Pollard reburied Mallory's remains by covering him with rocks and then repeated the committal ceremony.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999161-64">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts1999140-69">[66]</a> Expedition leader Eric Simonson discovered an old oxygen bottle below the <a href="/wiki/Three_Steps" title="Three Steps">First Step</a> on 15 May 1991, the same day he reached the summit of Everest for the first time and subsequently realised that it may have belonged to one of the pioneering British Mount Everest expeditions.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft199927-70">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-adventurer-71">[68]</a> On 17 May 1999, at 2:00 a.m., Anker, Hahn, Norton, Richards, and two Sherpas, Dawa and Ang Pasang, left Camp VI at 26,903 ft (8,200 m) and began their summit bid.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999196–197,_Appendix_II,_Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition_Statistics,_Diary_of_Events-72">[69]</a> At about 10:30 a.m., Norton, Richards, and the two Sherpas abandoned, retreating at an altitude of circa <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 28,084 ft (8,560 m) between the First and Second Steps; Anker and Hahn would later reach the summit at 2:50 p.m.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999142–146_&_197,_Appendix_II,_Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition_Statistics,_Diary_of_Events-73">[70]</a> Shortly after Norton and Richards had decided to retreat, they radioed Eric Simonson at Advanced Base Camp and informed him about their decision, and Simonson asked them to search for the oxygen cylinder he had found in 1991.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999144–145_&_153–154-74">[71]</a> After approximately half an hour of searching, Richards radioed A.B.C. and stated that he had discovered an oxygen cylinder at a location subsequently established as <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 558 ft (170 m) to 591 ft (180 m) horizontally east from the top of the First Step and at an altitude of <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 27,789 ft (8,470 m) to 27,805 ft (8,475 m).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999153–154-75">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-mallory-irvine-?-76">[73]</a> The oxygen cylinder's shape, size, valve assembly, and stamp, <abbr title="Number">no</abbr> 9, E.O.C. (Everest Oxygen Cylinder), conclusively confirmed that the bottle had belonged to the <a href="/wiki/1924_British_Mount_Everest_expedition" title="1924 British Mount Everest expedition">1924 British Mount Everest expedition</a> and had been used by Mallory and Irvine, as they were the only party who had used oxygen for a summit attempt.<a href="#cite_note-mallory-irvine-?-76">[73]</a> The <abbr title="Number">no</abbr> 9, stamped on the bottle, corresponded to the <abbr title="Number">no</abbr> 9 written by Mallory—as part of a list of oxygen cylinders he and Irvine took on their summit bid—on the envelope, addressed to him from "Stella," which also contained a letter from her, discovered on Mallory's body.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999162–163-77">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-three-letters-79">[n 4]</a> On the envelope Mallory had noted the amounts of oxygen in each of their cylinders, figures which suggest a possibility the pair may have taken three cylinders on their final climb, rather than two as generally believed. The discovery of the body revealed two pieces of circumstantial evidence that suggest that Mallory might have reached the summit: firstly, Mallory's daughter always said that Mallory carried a photo of his wife Ruth, with the intention of leaving it on the summit,<a href="#cite_note-Hellen-80">[76]</a> and no such photo was found on the body. Given the excellent state of preservation of the body and the artefacts recovered from it, the absence of the photograph suggest that he may have reached the summit and deposited it there. Secondly, Mallory's snow goggles were in his pocket, indicating that he died at night; that he and Irvine had made a push for the summit and were descending very late in the day (though he may have had a second pair of goggles, ripped off in his fall). Given their known departure time and movements, had they not made the summit, it is unlikely that they would have still been out by nightfall. The body was only an hour or two from the safety of camp. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reaction">Reaction</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Reaction">edit</a>]</div> Hillary enthusiastically welcomed the news of the discovery of Mallory's body and described it as "very appropriate" that Mallory might have summited decades earlier. "He was really the initial pioneer of the whole idea of climbing Mount Everest," Hillary said. Mallory's son John, in regard to the possibility of Mallory reaching the summit, said, "To me the only way you achieve a summit is to come back alive; the job's half done if you don't get down again."<a href="#cite_note-hobnail-boots-81">[77]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subsequent_expeditions">Subsequent expeditions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Subsequent expeditions">edit</a>]</div> During a second expedition in 2001, most of the 1999 team returned to search further. Many discoveries were made, including nearly every pre-World War II camp on the mountain. <a href="/wiki/Jake_Norton" class="mw-redirect" title="Jake Norton">Jake Norton</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brent_Okita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brent Okita (page does not exist)">Brent Okita</a> re-discovered the 1924 Camp VI, last occupied by Mallory and Irvine. Eventually, the team abandoned their search for Irvine to rescue several other climbing parties stranded on the mountain and in deep distress. The victims included two Chinese glaciologists, three Russian climbers, an American guide, and his Guatemalan client. Several of the climbers were suffering from <a href="/wiki/High_altitude_cerebral_oedema" class="mw-redirect" title="High altitude cerebral oedema">high altitude cerebral oedema</a>, a condition where the victim can <a href="/wiki/Hallucination" title="Hallucination">hallucinate</a>, lose balance, and eventually become unable to walk, due to lack of oxygen (which, high up on Everest, is only one-third the partial pressure of oxygen at sea level) in the brain. This condition has led to many deaths and injuries in mountaineering.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In early 2004, <a href="/wiki/Jake_Norton" class="mw-redirect" title="Jake Norton">Jake Norton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dave_Hahn" title="Dave Hahn">Dave Hahn</a> returned to Everest with a film team and support from <a href="/wiki/Sherpas" class="mw-redirect" title="Sherpas">Sherpas</a> Danuru and Tashi to look once more for evidence of Irvine and answers to what happened to Mallory and Irvine in 1924. While the team was able to scour the <a href="/wiki/Yellow_Band" class="mw-redirect" title="Yellow Band">Yellow Band</a>, the combination of a small team and uncooperative weather eliminated most chances of a major discovery.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] During that same season, search parties were on the mountain from the website EverestNews, as well as an expedition led by <a href="/wiki/Russell_Brice" title="Russell Brice">Russell Brice</a>, which included Graham Hoyland (<a href="/wiki/Howard_Somervell" title="Howard Somervell">Howard Somervell</a>'s grand-nephew and member of the 1999 expedition).[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In 2007, the <a href="/wiki/2007_Altitude_Everest_Expedition" class="mw-redirect" title="2007 Altitude Everest Expedition">Altitude Everest Expedition</a> led by Conrad Anker, who had found Mallory's body, tried to retrace Mallory's last steps.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Jochen Hemmleb led another search expedition in 2010, examining new terrain on the Northeast Ridge, specifically near a feature called "The Warts." Nothing of consequence was discovered. In 2024, a National Geographic team led by <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Chin" title="Jimmy Chin">Jimmy Chin</a> found Irvine's partial remains on Everest. It is believed that the remains had emerged from a melting glacier. The remains were found at the Central Rongbuk Glacier which is at an altitude at least 7,000 feet (2,100 m) lower than where Mallory’s body was discovered.<a href="#cite_note-82">[78]</a> A sock, with "A. C. Irvine" on a <a href="/wiki/Name_tag#Name_labels" title="Name tag">name tape</a>, was found along with a boot and a foot, emerging from the ice.<a href="#cite_note-83">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[80]</a> The cameras remain missing.<a href="#cite_note-85">[81]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mount_Everest_expeditions" title="List of Mount Everest expeditions">List of Mount Everest expeditions</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-mouth-agape-34"><a href="#cite_ref-mouth-agape_34-0">^</a> The reason for Politz's <a href="/wiki/Scepticism" class="mw-redirect" title="Scepticism">scepticism</a> regarding the body being Irvine's was its position; deep within his subconscious mind, his intuition had remembered that Wang Hongbao had discovered a <a href="/wiki/Cadaver" title="Cadaver">corpse</a> in a position with its mouth agape and had one cheek pecked at by goraks, this body was lying <a href="/wiki/Prone_position" title="Prone position">prone</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999121–123-33">[33]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-letter-photograph-52"><a href="#cite_ref-letter-photograph_52-0">^</a> In an interview with the <a href="/wiki/Sunday_Mirror" title="Sunday Mirror">Sunday Mirror</a> in 1999, Mallory's daughter, Frances Clare, expressed that her father climbed Mount Everest with a photograph of her mother, Ruth, and one of her letters in his jacket pocket and that Mallory told his wife, "before he set out," that if he ever attained the summit, he intended to leave a photograph of her there.<a href="#cite_note-clare-49">[48]</a> Ruth had told Clare as a teenager about the story of the letter and photograph.<a href="#cite_note-clare-49">[48]</a> Because of erroneous information that she received, she incorrectly stated in the interview that, discovered on 1 May 1999, was a letter from her mother on Mallory's body.<a href="#cite_note-clare-49">[48]</a> There was no discovery of either a letter from Ruth or a picture of her found on Mallory's remains.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGillmanGillman2000270–272-50">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125–129_&_161–163-51">[50]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-snow-goggles-59"><a href="#cite_ref-snow-goggles_59-0">^</a> The snow goggles discovered in Mallory's pocket on 1 May 1999 suggest he and Irvine may have been descending in fading light or after nightfall.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreashearsSalkeld1999216-55">[53]</a> However, an alternative theory suggests that during what Noel Odell described as a "rather severe blizzard," which lasted from approximately 2:00 p.m. until 4:00 p.m.,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton1925131–132-56">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOdell1924458-57">[55]</a> the vents on Mallory's goggles may have become clogged with snow, resulting in the lenses fogging up, forcing him to remove them.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreashearsSalkeld1999216_&_225-58">[56]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-three-letters-79"><a href="#cite_ref-three-letters_79-0">^</a> Found on Mallory's body on 1 May 1999 were three letters: one from his brother Trafford, another from his sister Mary Henrietta, and a third from Stella Cobden-Sanderson (1886–1979)—daughter of <a href="/wiki/T._J._Cobden-Sanderson" title="T. J. Cobden-Sanderson">Thomas Cobden-Sanderson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anne_Cobden-Sanderson" title="Anne Cobden-Sanderson">Anne Cobden-Sanderson</a>—with whom he met and developed a friendship after she had attended one of his lectures during his lecture tour of the United States and Canada in early 1923.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGillmanGillman2000270–272-50">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-stella-cobden-sanderson-78">[75]</a> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDouglas2007" class="citation news cs1">Douglas, Ed (28 September 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/sep/29/uknews4.mainsection">"Did Mallory make it? Researcher believes he has the answer"</a>. The Guardian. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. Retrieved 23 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Did+Mallory+make+it%3F+Researcher+believes+he+has+the+answer&rft.date=2007-09-28&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Douglas&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk%2F2007%2Fsep%2F29%2Fuknews4.mainsection&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoul1999" class="citation news cs1">Koul, Maharaj (8 August 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tribuneindia.com/1999/99aug08/sunday/head4.htm">"Mallory may yet rewrite history"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Tribune_(Chandigarh)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Tribune (Chandigarh)">The Tribune (Chandigarh)</a>. Retrieved 23 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tribune+%28Chandigarh%29&rft.atitle=Mallory+may+yet+rewrite+history&rft.date=1999-08-08&rft.aulast=Koul&rft.aufirst=Maharaj&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tribuneindia.com%2F1999%2F99aug08%2Fsunday%2Fhead4.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/mystery-at-the-top-of-the-world-did-george-mallory-make-it-to-the-summit-of-everest-before-he-died-2063196.html">"Did George Mallory make it to the summit of Everest before he died?"</a>. The Independent. 26 August 2010. Retrieved 23 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Did+George+Mallory+make+it+to+the+summit+of+Everest+before+he+died%3F&rft.date=2010-08-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fmystery-at-the-top-of-the-world-did-george-mallory-make-it-to-the-summit-of-everest-before-he-died-2063196.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeckwith2000375-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeckwith2000375_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeckwith2000375_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeckwith2000375_4-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeckwith2000375_4-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeckwith2000375_4-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeckwith2000375_4-5">f</a> <a href="#CITEREFBeckwith2000">Beckwith 2000</a>, p. 375. </li> <li id="cite_note-mystery-of-mallory-5"><a href="#cite_ref-mystery-of-mallory_5-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.courant.com/2000/01/18/the-mystery-of-george-mallory/">"The Mystery of George Mallory"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hartford_Courant" title="Hartford Courant">Hartford Courant</a>. Chicago, Illinois, U.S.: <a href="/wiki/Tribune_Publishing" title="Tribune Publishing">Tribune Publishing</a>. 2 September 2021 [18 January 2000]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230414181510/https://www.courant.com/2000/01/18/the-mystery-of-george-mallory/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2023. Retrieved 14 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hartford+Courant&rft.atitle=The+Mystery+of+George+Mallory&rft.date=2021-09-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.courant.com%2F2000%2F01%2F18%2Fthe-mystery-of-george-mallory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999111-6"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999111_6-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, p. 111. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999112-7">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999112_7-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999112_7-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, p. 112. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199931-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199931_8-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199931_8-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFAnkerRoberts1999">Anker & Roberts 1999</a>, p. 31. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft199938-9"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft199938_9-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, p. 38. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft199936_&_195-10"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft199936_&_195_10-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 36 & 195. </li> <li id="cite_note-1999-dispatches-11"><a href="#cite_ref-1999-dispatches_11-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mountainzone.com/everest/99/north/dispatches.html">"Index of Daily North Side Dispatches"</a>. MountainZone. U.S.: Locality LLC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230413160811/https://www.mountainzone.com/everest/99/north/dispatches.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 13 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MountainZone&rft.atitle=Index+of+Daily+North+Side+Dispatches&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mountainzone.com%2Feverest%2F99%2Fnorth%2Fdispatches.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999195-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999195_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999195_12-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999195_12-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999195_12-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, p. 195. </li> <li id="cite_note-1999-sponsors-13"><a href="#cite_ref-1999-sponsors_13-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mountainzone.com/everest/99/north/sponsors.html">"Expedition Sponsors The Mountain Zone"</a>. MountainZone. U.S.: Locality LLC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230413155045/https://www.mountainzone.com/everest/99/north/sponsors.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 13 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MountainZone&rft.atitle=Expedition+Sponsors+The+Mountain+Zone&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mountainzone.com%2Feverest%2F99%2Fnorth%2Fsponsors.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft199921–28,_40,_&_195-14"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft199921–28,_40,_&_195_14-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 21–28, 40, & 195. </li> <li id="cite_note-1999-expedition-15"><a href="#cite_ref-1999-expedition_15-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimonson1999" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Simonson_(mountaineer)" title="Eric Simonson (mountaineer)">Simonson, Eric</a> (8 May 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mountainzone.com/everest/99/north/disp5-8simo.html">"Daily Dispatches Giving Thanks and Looking Ahead"</a>. MountainZone. U.S.: Locality LLC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230413161124/https://www.mountainzone.com/everest/99/north/disp5-8simo.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 13 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MountainZone&rft.atitle=Daily+Dispatches+Giving+Thanks+and+Looking+Ahead&rft.date=1999-05-08&rft.aulast=Simonson&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mountainzone.com%2Feverest%2F99%2Fnorth%2Fdisp5-8simo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999113–116_&_196–197-16"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999113–116_&_196–197_16-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 113–116 & 196–197. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999116-17"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999116_17-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, p. 116. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999119–197-18"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999119–197_18-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 119–197. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebSimonson2002180-19"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebSimonson2002180_19-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebSimonson2002">Hemmleb & Simonson 2002</a>, p. 180. </li> <li id="cite_note-patch-of-white-20"><a href="#cite_ref-patch-of-white_20-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnker1999" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Conrad_Anker" title="Conrad Anker">Anker, Conrad</a> (3 May 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mountainzone.com/everest/99/north/disp5-3conrad.html">"Daily Dispatches A Patch of White"</a>. MountainZone. U.S.: Locality LLC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230416163449/https://www.mountainzone.com/everest/99/north/disp5-3conrad.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 April 2023. Retrieved 16 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MountainZone&rft.atitle=Daily+Dispatches+A+Patch+of+White&rft.date=1999-05-03&rft.aulast=Anker&rft.aufirst=Conrad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mountainzone.com%2Feverest%2F99%2Fnorth%2Fdisp5-3conrad.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999120–122-21"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999120–122_21-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 120–122. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199934-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199934_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199934_22-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFAnkerRoberts1999">Anker & Roberts 1999</a>, p. 34. </li> <li id="cite_note-mystery-unresolved-23"><a href="#cite_ref-mystery-unresolved_23-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1999-05-03-9905040145-story.html">"Mallory's Son Says Everest Mystery Still Unsolved"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a>. Chicago, Illinois, U.S.: <a href="/wiki/Tribune_Publishing" title="Tribune Publishing">Tribune Publishing</a>. 3 May 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210419034425/https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1999-05-03-9905040145-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Mallory%27s+Son+Says+Everest+Mystery+Still+Unsolved&rft.date=1999-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2Fnews%2Fct-xpm-1999-05-03-9905040145-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999121-24">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999121_24-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999121_24-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999121_24-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, p. 121. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFirstbrook2000233-25">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFirstbrook2000233_25-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFirstbrook2000233_25-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFirstbrook2000233_25-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFFirstbrook2000">Firstbrook 2000</a>, p. 233. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFirstbrook2000232–233-26"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFirstbrook2000232–233_26-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFirstbrook2000">Firstbrook 2000</a>, pp. 232–233. </li> <li id="cite_note-bleached-frostbitten-27"><a href="#cite_ref-bleached-frostbitten_27-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/everest/lost/mail/mail990511n2.html">"Lost on Everest: Questions and Responses"</a>. pbs.org. Arlington, Virginia, U.S.: <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a>. 11 May 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417192110/https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/everest/lost/mail/mail990511n2.html">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 17 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pbs.org&rft.atitle=Lost+on+Everest%3A+Questions+and+Responses&rft.date=1999-05-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fwgbh%2Fnova%2Feverest%2Flost%2Fmail%2Fmail990511n2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125-28">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125_28-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125_28-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125_28-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125_28-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125_28-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125_28-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125_28-6">g</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, p. 125. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199922-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199922_29-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199922_29-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFAnkerRoberts1999">Anker & Roberts 1999</a>, p. 22. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199921-30">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199921_30-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199921_30-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199921_30-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199921_30-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFAnkerRoberts1999">Anker & Roberts 1999</a>, p. 21. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199921–22-31"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199921–22_31-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAnkerRoberts1999">Anker & Roberts 1999</a>, pp. 21–22. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999118_&_121–123-32"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999118_&_121–123_32-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 118 & 121–123. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999121–123-33"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999121–123_33-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 121–123. </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimonsonHemmlebJohnson1999" class="citation web cs1">Simonson, Eric; Hemmleb, Jochen; Johnson, Larry (1 October 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.outsideonline.com/outdoor-adventure/climbing/ghosts-everest/">"Ghosts of Everest"</a>. Outside Online. Retrieved 19 January 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Outside+Online&rft.atitle=Ghosts+of+Everest&rft.date=1999-10-01&rft.aulast=Simonson&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.au=Hemmleb%2C+Jochen&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Larry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.outsideonline.com%2Foutdoor-adventure%2Fclimbing%2Fghosts-everest%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999123-36"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999123_36-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, p. 123. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999122-37"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999122_37-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, p. 122. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999108_&_122-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999108_&_122_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999108_&_122_38-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 108 & 122. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999122–123-39"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999122–123_39-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 122–123. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999123–125-40"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999123–125_40-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 123–125. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199934–35-41"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199934–35_41-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAnkerRoberts1999">Anker & Roberts 1999</a>, p. 34–35. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999124-42">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999124_42-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999124_42-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, p. 124. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHolzelSalkeld1999320-43"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHolzelSalkeld1999320_43-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHolzelSalkeld1999">Holzel & Salkeld 1999</a>, p. 320. </li> <li id="cite_note-holzel-kodak-44"><a href="#cite_ref-holzel-kodak_44-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolzel2010" class="citation web cs1">Holzel, Tom (28 August 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110717192400/http://www.velocitypress.com/mallory_irvine.shtml#A127_Film">"A127 Film: Care & Developing Suggestions (Letter from Kodak Laboratories to Tom Holzel, 9 May 1984)"</a>. velocitypress.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.velocitypress.com/Mallory__Irvine.html">the original</a> on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 30 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=velocitypress.com&rft.atitle=A127+Film%3A+Care+%26+Developing+Suggestions+%28Letter+from+Kodak+Laboratories+to+Tom+Holzel%2C+9+May+1984%29&rft.date=2010-08-28&rft.aulast=Holzel&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.velocitypress.com%2FMallory__Irvine.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFirstbrook2000260-45">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFirstbrook2000260_45-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFirstbrook2000260_45-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFFirstbrook2000">Firstbrook 2000</a>, p. 260. </li> <li id="cite_note-mallory-altimeter-46"><a href="#cite_ref-mallory-altimeter_46-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKohsiek2013" class="citation web cs1">Kohsiek, Wim (10 January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.everest1924.com/MallorysAltimeterRevisited.html">"Mallory's altimeter revisited"</a>. everest1924.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230422161043/https://www.everest1924.com/MallorysAltimeterRevisited.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 April 2023. Retrieved 22 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=everest1924.com&rft.atitle=Mallory%27s+altimeter+revisited&rft.date=2013-01-10&rft.aulast=Kohsiek&rft.aufirst=Wim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.everest1924.com%2FMallorysAltimeterRevisited.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125–126-47"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125–126_47-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 125–126. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999126-48">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999126_48-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999126_48-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, p. 126. </li> <li id="cite_note-clare-49">^ <a href="#cite_ref-clare_49-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-clare_49-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-clare_49-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunn1999" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Newton_Dunn" title="Tom Newton Dunn">Dunn, Tom Newton</a> (8 August 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Is+this+picture+the+proof+that+George+Mallory+conquered+Everest...-a060220322">"Is this picture the proof that George Mallory conquered Everest first"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Sunday_Mirror" title="Sunday Mirror">Sunday Mirror</a>. London, U.K: MGN Ltd. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230503181732/https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Is+this+picture+the+proof+that+George+Mallory+conquered+Everest...-a060220322">Archived</a> from the original on 3 May 2023. Retrieved 3 May 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sunday+Mirror&rft.atitle=Is+this+picture+the+proof+that+George+Mallory+conquered+Everest+first&rft.date=1999-08-08&rft.aulast=Dunn&rft.aufirst=Tom+Newton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefreelibrary.com%2FIs%2Bthis%2Bpicture%2Bthe%2Bproof%2Bthat%2BGeorge%2BMallory%2Bconquered%2BEverest...-a060220322&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGillmanGillman2000270–272-50">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGillmanGillman2000270–272_50-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGillmanGillman2000270–272_50-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFGillmanGillman2000">Gillman & Gillman 2000</a>, pp. 270–272. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125–129_&_161–163-51"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999125–129_&_161–163_51-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 125–129 & 161–163. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999126–129-53"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999126–129_53-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 126–129. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999121_&_126–128-54"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999121_&_126–128_54-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 121 & 126–128. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreashearsSalkeld1999216-55"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBreashearsSalkeld1999216_55-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBreashearsSalkeld1999">Breashears & Salkeld 1999</a>, p. 216. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton1925131–132-56"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorton1925131–132_56-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNorton1925">Norton 1925</a>, pp. 131–132. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOdell1924458-57"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOdell1924458_57-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFOdell1924">Odell 1924</a>, p. 458. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreashearsSalkeld1999216_&_225-58"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBreashearsSalkeld1999216_&_225_58-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBreashearsSalkeld1999">Breashears & Salkeld 1999</a>, pp. 216 & 225. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199936-60">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199936_60-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199936_60-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFAnkerRoberts1999">Anker & Roberts 1999</a>, p. 36. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199937-61">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199937_61-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts199937_61-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFAnkerRoberts1999">Anker & Roberts 1999</a>, p. 37. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999123_&_128-62"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999123_&_128_62-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 123 & 128. </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDouglasDouglas1999" class="citation news cs1">Douglas, Ed; Douglas, By Ed (9 May 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/may/09/theobserver.uknews">"Everest row over photo profits from body of pioneer Mallory"</a>. The Observer.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Observer&rft.atitle=Everest+row+over+photo+profits+from+body+of+pioneer+Mallory&rft.date=1999-05-09&rft.aulast=Douglas&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft.au=Douglas%2C+By+Ed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk%2F1999%2Fmay%2F09%2Ftheobserver.uknews&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999161-64">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999161_64-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999161_64-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999161_64-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999161_64-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999161_64-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, p. 161. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts1999139-65">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts1999139_65-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts1999139_65-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts1999139_65-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts1999139_65-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFAnkerRoberts1999">Anker & Roberts 1999</a>, p. 139. </li> <li id="cite_note-mallory's-wristwatch-66"><a href="#cite_ref-mallory's-wristwatch_66-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoettcher" class="citation web cs1">Boettcher, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vintagewatchstraps.com/blogmalloryswatch.php">"George Mallory's Wristwatch: A Borgel on Mount Everest"</a>. Vintage Watchstraps. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230424162946/https://www.vintagewatchstraps.com/blogmalloryswatch.php">Archived</a> from the original on 24 April 2023. Retrieved 24 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vintage+Watchstraps&rft.atitle=George+Mallory%27s+Wristwatch%3A+A+Borgel+on+Mount+Everest&rft.aulast=Boettcher&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vintagewatchstraps.com%2Fblogmalloryswatch.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999161–162_&_188_notes_of_chapter_8,_no._2-67"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999161–162_&_188_notes_of_chapter_8,_no._2_67-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 161–162 & 188 notes of chapter 8, no. 2. </li> <li id="cite_note-mallory-12:50-p.m.?-68"><a href="#cite_ref-mallory-12:50-p.m.?_68-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPoston2012" class="citation web cs1">Poston, Pete (26 March 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.everest1924.com/watch2.html">"Mallory's Watch – does it really point to 12:50 PM?"</a>. everest1924.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230424183607/https://www.everest1924.com/watch2.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 April 2023. Retrieved 24 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=everest1924.com&rft.atitle=Mallory%27s+Watch+%E2%80%93+does+it+really+point+to+12%3A50+PM%3F&rft.date=2012-03-26&rft.aulast=Poston&rft.aufirst=Pete&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.everest1924.com%2Fwatch2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts1999140-69"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnkerRoberts1999140_69-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAnkerRoberts1999">Anker & Roberts 1999</a>, p. 140. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft199927-70"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft199927_70-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, p. 27. </li> <li id="cite_note-adventurer-71"><a href="#cite_ref-adventurer_71-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHill2016" class="citation news cs1">Hill, Craig (20 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenewstribune.com/outdoors/article78682107.html">"Adventurer of the Week: Mountaineer Eric Simonson"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_News_Tribune" title="The News Tribune">The News Tribune</a>. Sacramento, California, U.S.: <a href="/wiki/McClatchy" title="McClatchy">McClatchy</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230425181813/https://amp.thenewstribune.com/article78682107.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 April 2023. Retrieved 25 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+News+Tribune&rft.atitle=Adventurer+of+the+Week%3A+Mountaineer+Eric+Simonson&rft.date=2016-05-20&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenewstribune.com%2Foutdoors%2Farticle78682107.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999196–197,_Appendix_II,_Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition_Statistics,_Diary_of_Events-72"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999196–197,_Appendix_II,_Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition_Statistics,_Diary_of_Events_72-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 196–197, Appendix II, Mallory and Irvine Research Expedition Statistics, Diary of Events. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999142–146_&_197,_Appendix_II,_Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition_Statistics,_Diary_of_Events-73"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999142–146_&_197,_Appendix_II,_Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition_Statistics,_Diary_of_Events_73-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 142–146 & 197, Appendix II, Mallory and Irvine Research Expedition Statistics, Diary of Events. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999144–145_&_153–154-74"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999144–145_&_153–154_74-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 144–145 & 153–154. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999153–154-75"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999153–154_75-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 153–154. </li> <li id="cite_note-mallory-irvine-?-76">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mallory-irvine-?_76-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mallory-irvine-?_76-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHemmleb" class="citation web cs1">Hemmleb, Jochen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jochenhemmleb.com/english/mundi/index.php">"What happened to Mallory & Irvine? A Synopsis"</a>. jochenhemmleb.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326180829/https://www.jochenhemmleb.com/english/mundi/index.php">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 25 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=jochenhemmleb.com&rft.atitle=What+happened+to+Mallory+%26+Irvine%3F+A+Synopsis&rft.aulast=Hemmleb&rft.aufirst=Jochen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jochenhemmleb.com%2Fenglish%2Fmundi%2Findex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999162–163-77"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999162–163_77-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999">Hemmleb et al. 1999</a>, pp. 162–163. </li> <li id="cite_note-stella-cobden-sanderson-78"><a href="#cite_ref-stella-cobden-sanderson_78-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ancestry.co.uk/genealogy/records/stella-gabrielle-cobden-sanderson-24-nkww7">"Stella Gabrielle Cobden-Sanderson (1886–1979)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ancestry.com" title="Ancestry.com">ancestry.co.uk</a>. Dublin, Ireland: Ancestry Ireland Unlimited Company. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230503160935/https://www.ancestry.com/genealogy/records/stella-gabrielle-cobden-sanderson-24-nkww7?geo_a=t&geo_s=uk&geo_t=us&o_iid=62817&o_lid=62817&o_sch=Web+Property&geo_v=2.0.0">Archived</a> from the original on 3 May 2023. Retrieved 3 May 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ancestry.co.uk&rft.atitle=Stella+Gabrielle+Cobden-Sanderson+%281886%E2%80%931979%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ancestry.co.uk%2Fgenealogy%2Frecords%2Fstella-gabrielle-cobden-sanderson-24-nkww7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hellen-80"><a href="#cite_ref-Hellen_80-0">^</a> Hellen, Nicholas. (2003). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/body-may-prove-who-was-first-up-everest-mfj8bdzlk8l">Body may prove who was first up Everest</a>", The Sunday Times, 27 April </li> <li id="cite_note-hobnail-boots-81"><a href="#cite_ref-hobnail-boots_81-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGentleman1999" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Amelia_Gentleman" title="Amelia Gentleman">Gentleman, Amelia</a> (4 May 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/may/04/ameliagentleman">"Irvine and Mallory: In hobnail boots they took on Everest"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. London, UK: Guardian News & Media. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220812193434/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/may/04/ameliagentleman">Archived</a> from the original on 12 August 2022. Retrieved 12 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Irvine+and+Mallory%3A+In+hobnail+boots+they+took+on+Everest&rft.date=1999-05-04&rft.aulast=Gentleman&rft.aufirst=Amelia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk%2F1999%2Fmay%2F04%2Fameliagentleman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/discovery-of-climber-s-boot-could-solve-mystery-of-who-conquered-everest-first/ar-AA1s5piS?ocid=msedgdhp&pc=U531&cvid=c5ce7cde7a514b93a3e73f5a57d87183&ei=25">MSN report discovery-of-climber-s-boot-could-solve-mystery-of-who-conquered-everest-first accessed 12 October 2024</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/sandy-irvine-body-found-everest">"Remains of Sandy Irvine believed to have been found on Everest"</a>. National Geographic. 11 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Geographic&rft.atitle=Remains+of+Sandy+Irvine+believed+to+have+been+found+on+Everest&rft.date=2024-10-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalgeographic.com%2Fadventure%2Farticle%2Fsandy-irvine-body-found-everest&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWong2024" class="citation news cs1">Wong, Tessa (11 October 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cy0g2p47xd5o">"Family tells of 'relief' after 1924 climber's foot found on Everest"</a>. BBC News. Retrieved 11 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Family+tells+of+%27relief%27+after+1924+climber%27s+foot+found+on+Everest&rft.date=2024-10-11&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=Tessa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fcy0g2p47xd5o&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itv.com/news/2024-10-11/remains-of-british-explorer-found-on-mount-everest-100-years-after-disappearance?utm_medium=Social&utm_source=Twitter#Echobox=1728641858-1">"Remains of Everest explorer Andrew 'Sandy' Irvine found 100 years after disappearance"</a>. Retrieved 11 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Remains+of+Everest+explorer+Andrew+%27Sandy%27+Irvine+found+100+years+after+disappearance&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.itv.com%2Fnews%2F2024-10-11%2Fremains-of-british-explorer-found-on-mount-everest-100-years-after-disappearance%3Futm_medium%3DSocial%26utm_source%3DTwitter%23Echobox%3D1728641858-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Sources">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnkerRoberts1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Conrad_Anker" title="Conrad Anker">Anker, Conrad</a>; <a href="/wiki/David_Roberts_(climber)" title="David Roberts (climber)">Roberts, David</a> (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lostexplorer00conr">The Lost Explorer: Finding Mallory on Mount Everest</a>. New York City, U.S.: <a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon & Schuster">Simon & Schuster</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-684-87151-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-684-87151-6"><bdi>978-0-684-87151-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Lost+Explorer%3A+Finding+Mallory+on+Mount+Everest&rft.place=New+York+City%2C+U.S.&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-684-87151-6&rft.aulast=Anker&rft.aufirst=Conrad&rft.au=Roberts%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flostexplorer00conr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeckwith2000" class="citation journal cs1">Beckwith, Christian, ed. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americanalpinejo0000unse_s4a3">"Climbs And Expeditions: Tibet"</a>. <a href="/wiki/American_Alpine_Journal" title="American Alpine Journal">The American Alpine Journal</a>. 42 (74). Golden, Colorado, U.S.: <a href="/wiki/American_Alpine_Club" title="American Alpine Club">American Alpine Club</a>: 375–379. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-930410-87-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-930410-87-2"><bdi>978-0-930410-87-2</bdi></a>. Retrieved 11 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Alpine+Journal&rft.atitle=Climbs+And+Expeditions%3A+Tibet&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=74&rft.pages=375-379&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-930410-87-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Famericanalpinejo0000unse_s4a3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBreashearsSalkeld1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Breashears" title="David Breashears">Breashears, David</a>; Salkeld, Audrey (1999). Mulroy, Kevin (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lastclimb00davi">Last Climb: The Legendary Everest Expeditions of George Mallory</a>. Foreword by John Mallory (George Mallory's son). Washington D.C., U.S.: <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_Society" title="National Geographic Society">National Geographic Society</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7922-7538-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7922-7538-1"><bdi>978-0-7922-7538-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Last+Climb%3A+The+Legendary+Everest+Expeditions+of+George+Mallory&rft.place=Washington+D.C.%2C+U.S.&rft.pub=National+Geographic+Society&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-7922-7538-1&rft.aulast=Breashears&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Salkeld%2C+Audrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flastclimb00davi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFirstbrook2000" class="citation book cs1">Firstbrook, Peter (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lostoneverestsea0000firs">Lost on Everest: The Search for Mallory & Irvine</a>. Oxford, UK: ISIS Publishing Limited. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7531-5480-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7531-5480-9"><bdi>978-0-7531-5480-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lost+on+Everest%3A+The+Search+for+Mallory+%26+Irvine&rft.place=Oxford%2C+UK&rft.pub=ISIS+Publishing+Limited&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-7531-5480-9&rft.aulast=Firstbrook&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flostoneverestsea0000firs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGillmanGillman2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Gillman" title="Peter Gillman">Gillman, Peter</a>; Gillman, Leni (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wildestdream00pete">The Wildest Dream: The Biography of George Mallory</a> (1st North American ed.). Seattle, Washington, U.S.: <a href="/wiki/The_Mountaineers_(club)#Mountaineers_Books" title="The Mountaineers (club)">The Mountaineers Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89886-741-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89886-741-1"><bdi>978-0-89886-741-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Wildest+Dream%3A+The+Biography+of+George+Mallory&rft.place=Seattle%2C+Washington%2C+U.S.&rft.edition=1st+North+American&rft.pub=The+Mountaineers+Books&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-89886-741-1&rft.aulast=Gillman&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.au=Gillman%2C+Leni&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwildestdream00pete&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999" class="citation book cs1">Hemmleb, Jochen; Johnson, Larry; <a href="/wiki/Eric_Simonson_(mountaineer)" title="Eric Simonson (mountaineer)">Simonson, Eric</a>; Nothdurft, William E. (1999). Fulsaas, Kris (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ghostsofeverests0000hemm">Ghosts of Everest: The Search for Mallory & Irvine</a>. Foreword by Clare Millikan (George Mallory's daughter) (1st ed.). Seattle, Washington, U.S.: <a href="/wiki/The_Mountaineers_(club)#Mountaineers_Books" title="The Mountaineers (club)">The Mountaineers Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89886-699-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89886-699-5"><bdi>978-0-89886-699-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ghosts+of+Everest%3A+The+Search+for+Mallory+%26+Irvine&rft.place=Seattle%2C+Washington%2C+U.S.&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=The+Mountaineers+Books&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-89886-699-5&rft.aulast=Hemmleb&rft.aufirst=Jochen&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Larry&rft.au=Simonson%2C+Eric&rft.au=Nothdurft%2C+William+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fghostsofeverests0000hemm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHemmlebSimonson2002" class="citation book cs1">Hemmleb, Jochen; <a href="/wiki/Eric_Simonson_(mountaineer)" title="Eric Simonson (mountaineer)">Simonson, Eric</a> (2002). Graydon, Don (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/detectivesonever0000hemm">Detectives on Everest: The 2001 Mallory and Irvine Research Expedition</a>. Contributions from <a href="/wiki/Dave_Hahn" title="Dave Hahn">Dave Hahn</a>, Larry Johnson, Riley Morton, Jake Norton, Brent Okita, Andy Politz, John Race, Tap Richards, and Jason Tanguay (1st ed.). Seattle, Washington, U.S.: <a href="/wiki/The_Mountaineers_(club)#Mountaineers_Books" title="The Mountaineers (club)">The Mountaineers Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89886-913-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89886-913-2"><bdi>978-0-89886-913-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Detectives+on+Everest%3A+The+2001+Mallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition&rft.place=Seattle%2C+Washington%2C+U.S.&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=The+Mountaineers+Books&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-89886-913-2&rft.aulast=Hemmleb&rft.aufirst=Jochen&rft.au=Simonson%2C+Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdetectivesonever0000hemm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolzelSalkeld1999" class="citation book cs1">Holzel, Tom; Salkeld, Audrey (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mysteryofmallory0000holz">The Mystery of Mallory and Irvine</a>. Foreword by <a href="/wiki/Eric_Simonson_(mountaineer)" title="Eric Simonson (mountaineer)">Eric Simonson</a> (2nd Revised ed.). London, UK: Pimlico. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7126-6488-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7126-6488-2"><bdi>978-0-7126-6488-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mystery+of+Mallory+and+Irvine&rft.place=London%2C+UK&rft.edition=2nd+Revised&rft.pub=Pimlico&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-7126-6488-2&rft.aulast=Holzel&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.au=Salkeld%2C+Audrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmysteryofmallory0000holz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNorton1925" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Edward_F._Norton" title="Edward F. Norton">Norton, Edward Felix</a> (1925). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.2288">The Fight for Everest: 1924</a>. Introduction by <a href="/wiki/Francis_Younghusband" title="Francis Younghusband">Sir Francis Younghusband</a>; Contributions from <a href="/wiki/Charles_Granville_Bruce" title="Charles Granville Bruce">C.G. Bruce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Bruce_(Indian_Army_officer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Geoffrey Bruce (Indian Army officer)">J.G. Bruce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Noel_Odell" title="Noel Odell">N.E. Odell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bentley_Beetham" title="Bentley Beetham">Bentley Beetham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Hingston" title="Richard Hingston">R.W.G. Hingston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Somervell" title="Howard Somervell">T.H. Somervell</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Edward_Oswald_Shebbeare" title="Edward Oswald Shebbeare">E.O. Shebbeare</a>. London, UK: <a href="/wiki/Edward_Arnold_(publisher)" title="Edward Arnold (publisher)">Edward Arnold & Co.</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Fight+for+Everest%3A+1924&rft.place=London%2C+UK&rft.pub=Edward+Arnold+%26+Co.&rft.date=1925&rft.aulast=Norton&rft.aufirst=Edward+Felix&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdli.pahar.2288&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOdell1924" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/wiki/Noel_Odell" title="Noel Odell">Odell, Noel Ewart</a> (December 1924). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1781919">"The Last Climb of Mallory and Irvine"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Geographical_Journal" title="The Geographical Journal">The Geographical Journal</a>. 64 No. 6 (1924). London, UK: <a href="/wiki/The_Royal_Geographical_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="The Royal Geographical Society">The Royal Geographical Society</a>: 455–461. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1924GeogJ..64..455O">1924GeogJ..64..455O</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1781919">10.2307/1781919</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1781919">1781919</a>. Retrieved 16 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Geographical+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Last+Climb+of+Mallory+and+Irvine&rft.volume=64+No.+6&rft.issue=1924&rft.pages=455-461&rft.date=1924-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1781919%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1781919&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1924GeogJ..64..455O&rft.aulast=Odell&rft.aufirst=Noel+Ewart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1781919&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMallory+and+Irvine+Research+Expedition" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070804202506/http://classic.mountainzone.com/everest/99/">1999 Mallory & Irvine Research Expedition website by MountainZone</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/everest/lost/">1999 Mallory & Irvine Research Expedition website by PBS/NOVA</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.affimer.org/project-1999.html">1999 Mallory & Irvine Research Expedition website by AFFIMER</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mountainguides.com/everest2001/">Mallory and Irvine Research expedition 2001</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.everestnews2004.com/malloryandirvine2004/dispatches.htm">Mallory and Irvine Research expedition 2004</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023337/http://www.affimer.org/photos/mallory-body.jpg">Mallory's body shortly after its discovery on 1 May 1999</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.everest1953.co.uk/jochen-hemmleb">Mallory and Irvine team member Jochen Hemmleb Interview</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.everest1953.co.uk/jake-norton">Mallory and Irvine team member Jake Norton Interview</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mount_Everest" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mount_Everest" title="Template:Mount Everest"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mount_Everest" title="Template talk:Mount Everest"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mount_Everest" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mount Everest"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mount_Everest" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest">Mount Everest</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topography and landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Everest_base_camps" title="Everest base camps">Base Camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_Spur" title="Geneva Spur">Geneva Spur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Step" title="Hillary Step">Hillary Step</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hornbein_Couloir" title="Hornbein Couloir">Hornbein Couloir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangshung_Face" title="Kangshung Face">Kangshung Face</a> (East Face)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangshung_Glacier" title="Kangshung Glacier">Kangshung Glacier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khumbu_Glacier" title="Khumbu Glacier">Khumbu Glacier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khumbu_Icefall" title="Khumbu Icefall">Khumbu Icefall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lhakpa_La" class="mw-redirect" title="Lhakpa La">Lhakpa La</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lho_La" title="Lho La">Lho La</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Col" title="North Col">North Col</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Face_(Everest)" title="North Face (Everest)">North Face</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norton_Couloir" title="Norton Couloir">Norton Couloir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rongbuk_Glacier" title="Rongbuk Glacier">Rongbuk Glacier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Col" title="South Col">South Col</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Summit_(Everest)" class="mw-redirect" title="South Summit (Everest)">South Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Pinnacles" title="Three Pinnacles">Three Pinnacles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Steps" title="Three Steps">Three Steps</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Green_Boots" title="Green Boots">Green Boots cave</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Cwm" title="Western Cwm">Western Cwm</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Everest_kalapatthar_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Everest_kalapatthar_crop.jpg/75px-Everest_kalapatthar_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Everest_kalapatthar_crop.jpg/113px-Everest_kalapatthar_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Everest_kalapatthar_crop.jpg/150px-Everest_kalapatthar_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2299" data-file-height="2811" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mount_Everest_expeditions" title="List of Mount Everest expeditions">Expeditions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1921_British_Mount_Everest_reconnaissance_expedition" title="1921 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition">1921 British reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922_British_Mount_Everest_expedition" title="1922 British Mount Everest expedition">1922 British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_British_Mount_Everest_expedition" title="1924 British Mount Everest expedition">1924 British</a> (<a href="/wiki/Affair_of_the_Dancing_Lamas" title="Affair of the Dancing Lamas">Affair of the Dancing Lamas</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston%E2%80%93Mount_Everest_flight_expedition" title="Houston–Mount Everest flight expedition">1933 British aerial reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_British_Mount_Everest_expedition" title="1933 British Mount Everest expedition">1933 British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_British_Mount_Everest_reconnaissance_expedition" title="1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition">1935 British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_British_Mount_Everest_expedition" title="1936 British Mount Everest expedition">1936 British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_British_Mount_Everest_expedition" title="1938 British Mount Everest expedition">1938 British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Everest_reconnaissance_from_Nepal" title="Mount Everest reconnaissance from Nepal">1950–52 British–Swiss–US reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_British_Mount_Everest_reconnaissance_expedition" title="1951 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition">1951 British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Swiss_Mount_Everest_expedition" title="1952 Swiss Mount Everest expedition">1952 Swiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_British_Mount_Everest_expedition" title="1953 British Mount Everest expedition">1953 British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_Chinese_Mount_Everest_expedition" title="1960 Chinese Mount Everest expedition">1960 Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_American_Mount_Everest_expedition" title="1963 American Mount Everest expedition">1963 American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_British_Mount_Everest_Southwest_Face_expedition" title="1975 British Mount Everest Southwest Face expedition">1975 British SW Face</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_British_and_Nepalese_Army_Expedition_to_Everest" title="1976 British and Nepalese Army Expedition to Everest">1976 British–Nepalese SW Face</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Yugoslav_Mount_Everest_expedition" title="1979 Yugoslav Mount Everest expedition">1979 Yugoslav West Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Indo-Tibetan_Border_Police_expedition_to_Mount_Everest" title="1996 Indo-Tibetan Border Police expedition to Mount Everest">1996 Indo-Tibetan Border Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Philippine_Mount_Everest_expedition" title="2006 Philippine Mount Everest expedition">2006 Philippine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Altitude_Everest_expedition" title="2007 Altitude Everest expedition">2007 Altitude Everest expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_Day_20_International_Peace_Climb" title="Earth Day 20 International Peace Climb">Earth Day 20 International Peace Climb</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mallory and Irvine Research Expedition</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_died_climbing_Mount_Everest" title="List of people who died climbing Mount Everest">fatalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francys_Arsentiev" title="Francys Arsentiev">Francys Arsentiev (Sleeping Beauty)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Boardman" title="Peter Boardman">Peter Boardman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Boots" title="Green Boots">Green Boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Irvine" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandy Irvine">Sandy Irvine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Mallory" title="George Mallory">George Mallory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannelore_Schmatz" title="Hannelore Schmatz">Hannelore Schmatz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Sharp_(mountaineer)" title="David Sharp (mountaineer)">David Sharp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Tasker" title="Joe Tasker">Joe Tasker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Committees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Himalayan_Committee" title="Joint Himalayan Committee">Joint Himalayan Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Everest_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Everest Committee">Mount Everest Committee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_media_related_to_Mount_Everest" class="mw-redirect" title="List of media related to Mount Everest">In media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beyond_the_Edge_(2013_film)" title="Beyond the Edge (2013 film)">Beyond the Edge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Climb_(book)" title="The Climb (book)">The Climb (book)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Climb_(2007_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Climb (2007 film)">The Climb (2007 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Epic_of_Everest" title="The Epic of Everest">The Epic of Everest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everest_(1998_film)" title="Everest (1998 film)">Everest (1998 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everest_(2015_film)" title="Everest (2015 film)">Everest (2015 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everest_(Indian_TV_series)" title="Everest (Indian TV series)">Everest (Indian TV series)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everest_%2782" title="Everest '82">Everest '82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everest:_Beyond_the_Limit" title="Everest: Beyond the Limit">Everest: Beyond the Limit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EverestMax" title="EverestMax">EverestMax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_Everest" title="Expedition Everest">Expedition Everest (roller coaster)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Into_Thin_Air" title="Into Thin Air">Into Thin Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Man_Who_Skied_Down_Everest" title="The Man Who Skied Down Everest">The Man Who Skied Down Everest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Everest_webcam" title="Mount Everest webcam">Mount Everest webcam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paths_of_Glory_(novel)" title="Paths of Glory (novel)">Paths of Glory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peak_(novel)" title="Peak (novel)">Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Conquest_of_Everest" title="The Conquest of Everest">The Conquest of Everest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wildest_Dream" title="The Wildest Dream">The Wildest Dream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wings_Over_Everest" title="Wings Over Everest">Wings Over Everest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Mount_Everest_expeditions" title="Timeline of Mount Everest expeditions">Years</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1970_Mount_Everest_disaster" title="1970 Mount Everest disaster">1970 disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_French_Mount_Everest_expedition" title="1974 French Mount Everest expedition">1974 avalanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Czechoslovak_-_New_Zealand_Mount_Everest_Southwest_Face_Expedition" title="1988 Czechoslovak - New Zealand Mount Everest Southwest Face Expedition">1988 disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Mount_Everest_disaster" title="1996 Mount Everest disaster">1996 disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Everest_in_2012" title="Mount Everest in 2012">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Everest_in_2013" title="Mount Everest in 2013">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Mount_Everest_ice_avalanche" title="2014 Mount Everest ice avalanche">2014 avalanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Mount_Everest_avalanches" title="2015 Mount Everest avalanches">2015 avalanches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Everest_in_2016" title="Mount Everest in 2016">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Everest_in_2017" title="Mount Everest in 2017">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Everest_in_2018" title="Mount Everest in 2018">2018</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mount Everest massif</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khumbutse" title="Khumbutse">Khumbutse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lhotse" title="Lhotse">Lhotse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingtren" title="Lingtren">Lingtren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuptse" title="Nuptse">Nuptse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumori" title="Pumori">Pumori</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mount_Everest_records" title="List of Mount Everest records">Records</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mount_Everest_summiters_by_number_of_times_to_the_summit" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Mount Everest summiters by number of times to the summit">Times to the summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_20th-century_summiters_of_Mount_Everest" title="List of 20th-century summiters of Mount Everest">20th-century summiters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mountain_guide" title="Mountain guide">Mountain guides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mount_Everest_guides" title="List of Mount Everest guides">List of Mount Everest guides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherpa_people" title="Sherpa people">Sherpas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&oldid=1255516538">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&oldid=1255516538</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mount_Everest_expeditions" title="Category:Mount Everest expeditions">Mount Everest expeditions</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_June_2023" title="Category:Use dmy dates from June 2023">Use dmy dates from June 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_February_2020" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from February 2020">Articles with unsourced statements from February 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1:_long_volume_value" title="Category:CS1: long volume value">CS1: long volume value</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 5 November 2024, at 09:24 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-8658f7c4db-jwr5d","wgBackendResponseTime":156,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.855","walltime":"1.055","ppvisitednodes":{"value":9295,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":131235,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":15161,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":13,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":3,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":169692,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 847.031 1 -total"," 30.59% 259.120 94 Template:Sfn"," 26.73% 226.393 2 Template:Reflist"," 14.49% 122.761 10 Template:Cite_news"," 9.94% 84.182 1 Template:Mount_Everest"," 9.48% 80.325 1 Template:Navbox"," 7.67% 64.940 1 Template:Short_description"," 6.70% 56.710 14 Template:Cite_web"," 6.68% 56.577 4 Template:Citation_needed"," 5.80% 49.099 4 Template:Fix"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.521","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":9459516,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAnker1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAnkerRoberts1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBeckwith2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBoettcher\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBreashearsSalkeld1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDouglas2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDouglasDouglas1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDunn1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFirstbrook2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGentleman1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGillmanGillman2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHemmleb\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHemmlebJohnsonSimonsonNothdurft1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHemmlebSimonson2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHill2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHolzel2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHolzelSalkeld1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKohsiek2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKoul1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNorton1925\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOdell1924\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPoston2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSimonson1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSimonsonHemmlebJohnson1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWong2024\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Abbr\"] = 3,\n [\"Circa\"] = 3,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 8,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 10,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 14,\n [\"Convert\"] = 11,\n [\"Mount Everest\"] = 1,\n [\"Nbsp\"] = 8,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 2,\n [\"Refn\"] = 4,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 94,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6b7f745dd4-wxgs7","timestamp":"20241125142400","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Mallory and Irvine Research Expedition","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mallory_and_Irvine_Research_Expedition","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q3822857","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q3822857","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-01-29T03:25:58Z","dateModified":"2024-11-05T09:24:22Z","headline":"1999 Mount Everest expedition"}</script> </body> </html>