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Sklo – Wikipédia

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id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skryť</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Začiatok</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-História" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#História"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>História</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-História-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sklo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sklo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sklo</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sklo-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Sklo</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sklo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kremenné_sklo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kremenné_sklo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Kremenné sklo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kremenné_sklo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prísady" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prísady"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Prísady</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prísady-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spracovanie_skloviny" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spracovanie_skloviny"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Spracovanie skloviny</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Spracovanie_skloviny-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Spracovanie skloviny</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Spracovanie_skloviny-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fúkanie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fúkanie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Fúkanie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fúkanie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liatie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liatie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Liatie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liatie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tabuľové_sklo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tabuľové_sklo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Tabuľové sklo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tabuľové_sklo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fusing_–_fusingové_sklo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fusing_–_fusingové_sklo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Fusing – fusingové sklo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fusing_–_fusingové_sklo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iné_použitie_skla" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iné_použitie_skla"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Iné použitie skla</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iné_použitie_skla-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iné_projekty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iné_projekty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Iné projekty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iné_projekty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prepnúť obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prepnúť obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sklo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prejsť na článok v inom jazyku. Je dostupný v 146 jazykoch" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-146" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">146 jazykov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glas" title="Glas – afrikánčina" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Glas" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glas" title="Glas – nemčina (švajčiarska)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Glas" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="nemčina (švajčiarska)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A5%E1%88%AD%E1%8C%AD%E1%89%86" title="ብርጭቆ – amharčina" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ብርጭቆ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidre" title="Vidre – aragónčina" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Vidre" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AC" title="زجاج – arabčina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="زجاج" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%99%DC%93%DC%98%DC%93%DC%9D%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܙܓܘܓܝܬܐ – aramejčina" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܙܓܘܓܝܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="aramejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AC" title="جاج – arabština (marocká)" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="جاج" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabština (marocká)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="ازاز – arabština (egyptská)" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ازاز" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabština (egyptská)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidru" title="Vidru – astúrčina" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Vidru" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astúrčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D3%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="ЦӀвер – avarčina" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="ЦӀвер" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avarčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9E%C3%BC%C5%9F%C9%99" title="Şüşə – azerbajdžančina" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şüşə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%87" title="شوشه – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شوشه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Быяла – baškirčina" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Быяла" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelas" title="Gelas – balijčina" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Gelas" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C4%97klos" title="Stėklos – žemaitština" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Stėklos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="žemaitština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Шкло – bieloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Шкло" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bieloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Шкло – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Шкло" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beling" title="Beling – batavština" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Beling" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="batavština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Стъкло – bulharčina" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Стъкло" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaca" title="Kaca – bandžarština" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Kaca" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="bandžarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A" title="কাচ – bengálčina" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কাচ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengálčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwer" title="Gwer – bretónčina" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Gwer" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staklo" title="Staklo – bosniačtina" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Staklo" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniačtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Шэл – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Шэл" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidre" title="Vidre – katalánčina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Vidre" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Ангали – čečenčina" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ангали" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="čečenčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B4%DB%95" title="شووشە – kurdčina (sorání)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شووشە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdčina (sorání)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sklo" title="Sklo – čeština" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sklo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čeština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%C4%83%D0%BA" title="Кантăк – čuvaština" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кантăк" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwydr" title="Gwydr – waleština" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwydr" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="waleština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glas" title="Glas – dánčina" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Glas" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glas" title="Glas – nemčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Glas" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CF%85%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AF" title="Γυαλί – gréčtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γυαλί" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gréčtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%93der" title="Vēder – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Vēder" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článok"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass" title="Glass – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Glass" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitro" title="Vitro – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vitro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidrio" title="Vidrio – španielčina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vidrio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španielčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klaas" title="Klaas – estónčina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Klaas" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beira" title="Beira – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Beira" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidriu" title="Vidriu – extremadurština" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Vidriu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="extremadurština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%87" title="شیشه – perzština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شیشه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lasi" title="Lasi – fínčina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lasi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iloilo" title="Iloilo – fidžijčina" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Iloilo" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fidžijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glas" title="Glas – faerčina" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Glas" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faerčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verre" title="Verre – francúzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Verre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francúzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gl%C3%A4%C3%A4s" title="Glääs – severná frízština" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Glääs" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="severná frízština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloine" title="Gloine – írčina" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Gloine" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="írčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A8r" title="Vèr – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Vèr" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidro" title="Vidro – galícijčina" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Vidro" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galícijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itavera" title="Itavera – guaraníjčina" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Itavera" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraníjčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maraaja" title="Maraaja – wayúuština" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Maraaja" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="wayúuština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%AA" title="זכוכית – hebrejčina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="זכוכית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9A" title="कांच – hindčina" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कांच" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass" title="Glass – hindština (Fidži)" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Glass" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindština (Fidži)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staklo" title="Staklo – chorvátčina" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Staklo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A8_(materyo)" title="Vè (materyo) – haitská kreolčina" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Vè (materyo)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitská kreolčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Cveg" title="Üveg – maďarčina" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Üveg" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%AB" title="Ապակի – arménčina" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ապակի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitro" title="Vitro – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Vitro" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaca" title="Kaca – indonézština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kaca" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonézština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitre" title="Vitre – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Vitre" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarming_(materiales)" title="Sarming (materiales) – ilokánčina" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Sarming (materiales)" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilokánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitro" title="Vitro – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Vitro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gler" title="Gler – islandčina" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gler" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vetro" title="Vetro – taliančina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vetro" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="taliančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AC%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B9" title="ガラス – japončina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ガラス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaas" title="Glaas – jamajská kreolština" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Glaas" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="jamajská kreolština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="მინა – gruzínčina" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მინა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamzukt" title="Tamzukt – kabylčina" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tamzukt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabylčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Абдж – kabardčina" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Абдж" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabardčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Әйнек – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Әйнек" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%81" title="ಗಾಜು – kannadčina" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗಾಜು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannadčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%A6%AC" title="유리 – kórejčina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="유리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="kórejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cam" title="Cam – kurdčina" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Cam" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gweder" title="Gweder – kornčina" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Gweder" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Айнек – kirgizština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Айнек" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitrum" title="Vitrum – latinčina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Vitrum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaas" title="Glaas – limburčina" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Glaas" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veddro" title="Veddro – ligurština" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Veddro" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligurština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scipa" title="Scipa – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Scipa" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A9der" title="Véder – lombardština" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Véder" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stiklas" title="Stiklas – litovčina" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Stiklas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litovčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stikls" title="Stikls – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Stikls" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaco" title="Kaco – minangkabaučina" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kaco" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabaučina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Стакло – macedónčina" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Стакло" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="സ്ഫടികം – malajálamčina" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സ്ഫടികം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajálamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Шил – mongolčina" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Шил" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A" title="काच – maráthčina" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="काच" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maráthčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaca" title="Kaca – malajčina" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kaca" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A6%C4%A1ie%C4%A1" title="Ħġieġ – maltčina" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ħġieġ" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%96%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="ဖန် – barmčina" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဖန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="barmčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vrito" title="Vrito – neapolčina" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Vrito" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="neapolčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glas" title="Glas – dolná nemčina" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Glas" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="dolná nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9A" title="काँच – nepálčina" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="काँच" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepálčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE_(%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81)" title="खा (वस्तु) – nevárčina" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="खा (वस्तु)" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="nevárčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glas" title="Glas – holandčina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Glas" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glas" title="Glas – nórčina (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Glas" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nórčina (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass" title="Glass – nórčina (bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Glass" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="nórčina (bokmal)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veire" title="Veire – okcitánčina" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Veire" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B3" title="Авг – osetčina" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Авг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%9A" title="ਕੱਚ – pandžábčina" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੱਚ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžábčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szk%C5%82o" title="Szkło – poľština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Szkło" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poľština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%DA%86" title="کنچ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کنچ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%9A%D9%8A%DA%9A%D9%87" title="ښيښه – paštčina" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ښيښه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidro" title="Vidro – portugalčina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vidro" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%27ispillu" title="Q&#039;ispillu – kečuánčina" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Q&#039;ispillu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sticl%C4%83" title="Sticlă – rumunčina" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sticlă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Стекло – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Стекло" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Скло – rusínština" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Скло" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%A8%D1%81%D1%82%D2%AF%D3%A9%D0%BA%D2%AF%D0%BB%D1%8D" title="Өстүөкүлэ – jakutčina" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Өстүөкүлэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bidru" title="Bidru – sardínčina" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Bidru" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitru" title="Vitru – sicílčina" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Vitru" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicílčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gless" title="Gless – škótčina" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Gless" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="škótčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%88" title="شيشو – sindhčina" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="شيشو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staklo" title="Staklo – srbochorvátčina" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Staklo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass" title="Glass – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Glass" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steklo" title="Steklo – slovinčina" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Steklo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qelqi" title="Qelqi – albánčina" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Qelqi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Стакло – srbčina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Стакло" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaca" title="Kaca – sundčina" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kaca" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glas" title="Glas – švédčina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Glas" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kioo" title="Kioo – swahilčina" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kioo" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF" title="கண்ணாடி – tamilčina" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கண்ணாடி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%81_(%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A5%E0%B0%82)" title="గాజు (పదార్థం) – telugčina" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గాజు (పదార్థం)" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A7" title="แก้ว – thajčina" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แก้ว" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamin_(materyales)" title="Salamin (materyales) – tagalčina" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Salamin (materyales)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sio%CA%BBata" title="Sioʻata – tongčina" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Sioʻata" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="tongčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cam" title="Cam – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Cam" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Пыяла – tatárčina" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Пыяла" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatárčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%95%D9%83" title="ئەينەك – ujgurčina" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئەينەك" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ujgurčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Скло – ukrajinčina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Скло" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%81" title="شیشہ – urdčina" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شیشہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shisha" title="Shisha – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Shisha" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A9ro" title="Véro – benátština" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Véro" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="benátština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%B6kol" title="Stökol – vepština" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Stökol" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%A7y_tinh" title="Thủy tinh – vietnamčina" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thủy tinh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaming" title="Salaming – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Salaming" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83" title="玻璃 – čínština (wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="玻璃" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Шил – kalmyčtina" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Шил" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmyčtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%96" title="גלאז – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="גלאז" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohliz" title="Bohliz – čuangčina" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Bohliz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="čuangčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83" title="玻璃 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="玻璃" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83" title="玻璃 – čínština (klasická)" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="玻璃" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="čínština (klasická)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po-l%C3%AA" title="Po-lê – čínština (dialekty Minnan)" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Po-lê" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Minnan)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83" title="玻璃 – kantončina" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="玻璃" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhlaka" title="Inhlaka – zuluština" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Inhlaka" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zuluština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11469#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Upraviť medzijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upraviť odkazy</a></span></div> </div> 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href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:%C4%8CoOdkazujeSem/Sklo" title="Zoznam všetkých wiki stránok, ktoré sem odkazujú [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Odkazy na túto stránku</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:S%C3%BAvisiacePosledn%C3%A9%C3%9Apravy/Sklo" rel="nofollow" title="Posledné úpravy na stránkach, na ktoré odkazuje táto stránka [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Súvisiace úpravy</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=sk" title="Nahranie súborov [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Nahrať súbor</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lneStr%C3%A1nky" title="Zoznam všetkých špeciálnych stránok [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Špeciálne stránky</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sklo&amp;oldid=6405473" title="Trvalý odkaz na túto verziu stránky"><span>Trvalý odkaz</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sklo&amp;action=info" title="Viac informácií o tejto stránke"><span>Informácie o stránke</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Citova%C5%A5&amp;page=Sklo&amp;id=6405473&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informácie ako citovať túto stránku"><span>Citovať túto stránku</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fsk.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DSklo%26oldid%3D6405473"><span>Získať skrátené URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fsk.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DSklo%26oldid%3D6405473"><span>Stiahnuť QR kód</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tlačiť/exportovať </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Knihy&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=Sklo"><span>Vytvoriť knihu</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sklo&amp;printable=yes" title="Verzia tejto stránky pre tlač [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Verzia pre tlač</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> V iných projektoch </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Glass" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikiquote.org/wiki/Sklo" hreflang="sk"><span>Wikicitáty</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11469" title="Odkaz na prepojenú položku dátového úložiska [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Položka Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje stránky"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhľad"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vzhľad</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skryť</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">z Wikipédie, slobodnej encyklopédie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div class="cdx-message cdx-message--block cdx-message--warning mw-revision"><span class="cdx-message__icon"></span><div class="cdx-message__content"><div id="mw-revision-info">Verzia z 08:33, 5. december 2016, ktorú vytvoril <a href="/wiki/Redaktor:Vasi%C4%BE" class="mw-userlink" title="Redaktor:Vasiľ" data-mw-revid="6405473"><bdi>Vasiľ</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/Diskusia_s_redaktorom:Vasi%C4%BE" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="Diskusia s redaktorom:Vasiľ">diskusia</a> | <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Pr%C3%ADspevky/Vasi%C4%BE" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Špeciálne:Príspevky/Vasiľ">príspevky</a>)</span> <span class="comment">(Revízia 6405472 používateľa <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Pr%C3%ADspevky/87.197.36.201" title="Špeciálne:Príspevky/87.197.36.201">87.197.36.201</a> (<a href="/wiki/Diskusia_s_redaktorom:87.197.36.201" title="Diskusia s redaktorom:87.197.36.201">diskusia</a>) bola vrátená)</span></div><div id="mw-revision-nav">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sklo&amp;diff=prev&amp;oldid=6405473" title="Sklo">rozdiel</a>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sklo&amp;direction=prev&amp;oldid=6405473" title="Sklo">← Staršia verzia</a> | <a href="/wiki/Sklo" title="Sklo">Aktuálna úprava</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sklo&amp;diff=cur&amp;oldid=6405473" title="Sklo">rozdiel</a>) | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sklo&amp;direction=next&amp;oldid=6405473" title="Sklo">Novšia verzia →</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sklo&amp;diff=next&amp;oldid=6405473" title="Sklo">rozdiel</a>)</div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sk" dir="ltr"><table style="" class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-content"> <tbody><tr> <td class="ambox-image"> <div style="width:52px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/40px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/60px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/80px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div></td> <td class="ambox-text"><b>Tomuto článku alebo sekcii chýbajú <a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Referencie" title="Pomoc:Referencie">odkazy</a> na spoľahlivé zdroje, môže preto obsahovať informácie, ktoré je potrebné ešte <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Overite%C4%BEnos%C5%A5" title="Wikipédia:Overiteľnosť">overiť</a>.</b><br /><small>Pomôžte Wikipédii a&#160;<a class="external text" href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sklo&amp;action=edit">doplňte do článku</a> citácie, odkazy na <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Spo%C4%BEahliv%C3%A9_zdroje" title="Wikipédia:Spoľahlivé zdroje">spoľahlivé zdroje</a>.</small></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Glass-Ball.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Glass-Ball.jpg/250px-Glass-Ball.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Glass-Ball.jpg/375px-Glass-Ball.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Glass-Ball.jpg 2x" data-file-width="422" data-file-height="510" /></a><figcaption>Sklo môže byť priesvitné, ploché alebo v rôznych tvaroch a farbách.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Sklo</b> je homogénna amorfná, izotropná, priehľadná, pevná a krehká látka v metastabilnom stave, vznikajúca ochladzovaním taveniny. Obsahuje najčastejšie kremičitý piesok, sódu, oxidy alkalických kovov, vápenec. Je to biologicky neaktívny materiál. </p><p>Sklo je transparentné (priehľadné) pre <a href="/wiki/Vidite%C4%BEn%C3%A9_svetlo" title="Viditeľné svetlo">viditeľné svetlo</a> (existuje aj nepriehľadné sklo). Obyčajné sklo neprepúšťa svetlo o vlnovej dĺžke nižšej ako 400&#160;<a href="/wiki/Meter" title="Meter">nm</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ultrafialov%C3%A9_%C5%BEiarenie" title="Ultrafialové žiarenie">ultrafialové svetlo</a>), pretože obsahuje prímesi, napr. <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B3da" class="mw-redirect" title="Sóda">sódu</a> (uhličitan sodný). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="História"><span id="Hist.C3.B3ria"></span>História</h2></div> <p>Sklo bolo objavené okolo roku 3000 pred&#160;Kr. v <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypte</a>. Spočiatku technológia neumožňovala výrobu čistého skla (prímesy) a používalo sa hlavne na výrobu malých nádob a ozdôb. Nádoby sa spracovávali omotávaním okolo hlinenného jadra, ktoré sa po vychladení skleného výrobku rozbilo. Sklo obsahovalo <a href="/wiki/Oxid_kremi%C4%8Dit%C3%BD" title="Oxid kremičitý">oxid kremičitý</a>, <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1pnik" title="Vápnik">vápnik</a> a <a href="/wiki/Sod%C3%ADk" title="Sodík">sodík</a>. </p><p>Sklo sa nachádza aj v prírode, a je tvorené z vulkanickej <a href="/wiki/Magma" title="Magma">taveniny</a>. Toto sklo sa nazýva <a href="/wiki/Obsidi%C3%A1n" title="Obsidián">obsidián</a>. Obsidián bol dlho používaný na výrobu <a href="/wiki/N%C3%B4%C5%BE" title="Nôž">nožov</a> použitím jednoduchých <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1stroj" title="Nástroj">nástrojov</a>. Inou formou prírodného skla sú rúrky vzniknuté úderom blesku do kremičitého piesku. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sklo">Sklo</h2></div> <p>Sklo je homogénny <a href="/wiki/Amorfn%C3%A1_l%C3%A1tka" title="Amorfná látka">amorfný</a>, tuhý, krehký, väčšinou priehľadný materiál s hladkým povrchom. Vyrába sa z tzv. skloviny roztavenej v sklárskej peci. Materiál sa rýchlo schladí a preto nemá dosť času na vytvorenie <a href="/wiki/Kry%C5%A1t%C3%A1l" title="Kryštál">kryštálovej</a> mriežky. Výsledná tuhá látka je amorfná (beztvará). Čisté sklo je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transparentnos%C5%A5_(optika)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Transparentnosť (optika) (stránka neexistuje)">transparentný</a> (priehľadný), relatívne <a href="/wiki/Pevnos%C5%A5" class="mw-disambig" title="Pevnosť">pevný</a> materiál, odolný proti opotrebeniu, v podstate inertný a <a href="/wiki/Biol%C3%B3gia" title="Biológia">biologicky</a> neaktívny. Môže byť formovaný do rozmanitých tvarov. Sklo je však veľmi krehké a rozbíja sa na ostré črepy. Tieto vlastnosti môžu byť modifikované pridaním zlúčenín (najčastejšie oxidy kovov) do taveniny. Sklo sa dá aj <a href="/wiki/Tepeln%C3%A9_spracovanie" class="mw-redirect" title="Tepelné spracovanie">tepelne spracovávať</a> napr. <a href="/wiki/Kalenie" title="Kalenie">kaliť</a>. </p><p>Sklo je tvorené predovšetkým <a href="/wiki/Oxid_kremi%C4%8Dit%C3%BD" title="Oxid kremičitý">oxidom kremičitým</a>, ktorý sa získava z <a href="/wiki/Kreme%C5%88" title="Kremeň">kremeňa</a> (kremičitého piesku&#160;–&#160;tiež sklárskeho piesku). Kremeň má <a href="/wiki/Teplota_topenia" title="Teplota topenia">teplotu tavenia</a> okolo 2&#160;000&#160;<a href="/wiki/Stupe%C5%88_Celzia" title="Stupeň Celzia">°C</a>, preto sa pri výrobe pridávajú alkalické látky, ktoré túto teplotu výrazne znižujú napr. <a href="/wiki/Uhli%C4%8Ditan_sodn%C3%BD" title="Uhličitan sodný">sóda</a> a <a href="/wiki/Uhli%C4%8Ditan_draseln%C3%BD" title="Uhličitan draselný">uhličitan draselný</a>, ktoré znižujú teplotu tavenia na asi 1&#160;000&#160;°C. Pretože alkálie zároveň znižujú odolnosť skla voči vode, čo je nežiadúce, pridáva sa tiež <a href="/wiki/Oxid_v%C3%A1penat%C3%BD" title="Oxid vápenatý">oxid vápenatý</a>, ktorý túto odolnosť zlepšuje. </p><p>Základné suroviny na výrobu skla sú&#160;–&#160;čistý kremičitý piesok, oxid vápenatý, uhličitan sodný (draselný), oxid hlinitý a črepy skla (separovaný odpad). Z týchto surovín sa pripraví prášková zmes nazývaná <i>sklársky kmeň</i>, ktorý sa taví v sklárskej peci. Ku základným zložkám kmeňa sa pridávajú rôzne prísady, ktoré sklo čistia, zafarbujú alebo znepriehľadňujú. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kremenné_sklo"><span id="Kremenn.C3.A9_sklo"></span>Kremenné sklo</h3></div> <p>Sklo vyrobené iba z čistého oxidu kremičitého SiO<sub>2</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Kreme%C5%88" title="Kremeň">kremeň</a>) sa nazýva kremenné sklo. Oproti bežným sklám má niektoré vlastnosti odlišné. Neabsorbuje <a href="/wiki/Ultrafialov%C3%A9_%C5%BEiarenie" title="Ultrafialové žiarenie">ultrafialové žiarenie</a>, má veľmi vysokú teplotu tavenia (okolo 1&#160;650&#160;°C), je tvrdé, odolné voči poškriabaniu, opticky čisté (neobsahuje prímesi), neskresľuje vlnovú dĺžku prechádzajúceho svetla (farebná chyba). Preto sa používa tam, kde sú tieto vlastnosti požadované. Napr. pre banky <a href="/wiki/Halog%C3%A9nov%C3%A1_%C5%BEiarovka" title="Halogénová žiarovka">halogénových žiaroviek</a>, ktoré pracujú pri vysokých teplotách, výbojky pre ultrafialové svetlo, krycie sklá tepelných spotrebičov, hodiniek a pod. Kremenné sklo sa kvôli vysokej teplote tavenia vyrába ďaleko zložitejšie a drahšie ako bežné sklo. Kremenné sklo sa dá vyrobiť natoľko čisté, že stovky kilometrov skla sú transparentné pre <a href="/wiki/Infra%C4%8Derven%C3%A9_%C5%BEiarenie" title="Infračervené žiarenie">infračervené</a> vlnové dĺžky svetla, čo sa využíva v <a href="/wiki/Optick%C3%A9_vl%C3%A1kno" title="Optické vlákno">optických vláknach</a>. Kremenné sklo sa používa tiež v optike na výrobu <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0o%C5%A1ovka" class="mw-disambig" title="Šošovka">šošoviek</a> a <a href="/wiki/Zrkadlo" title="Zrkadlo">zrkadiel</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prísady"><span id="Pr.C3.ADsady"></span>Prísady</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Olovo" title="Olovo">Olovnaté</a> sklo, tiež <b>olovnatý krištáľ</b>, má lepšie vizuálne optické vlastnosti, pretože zvýšený <a href="/wiki/Index_lomu" title="Index lomu">index lomu</a> (refrakcia) spôsobuje omnoho viac odrazov. Takéto sklo sa používa pre výrobu umeleckých predmetov zo skla. <a href="/wiki/B%C3%B3r" title="Bór">Bór</a> sa pridáva pre zmenu teplotných a elektrických vlastností. Pridanie <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1rium" title="Bárium">bária</a> zvýši optický index lomu skla. Oxid <a href="/wiki/T%C3%B3rium" title="Tórium">tória</a> dá sklu veľmi vysoký refrakčný index a je používaný pre výrobu vysoko kvalitných šošoviek. Väčšie množstvo <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDelezo" title="Železo">železa</a> sa používa v skle, ktoré má absorbovať <a href="/w/index.php?title=Infra%C4%8Derven%C3%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Infračervené (stránka neexistuje)">infračervenú</a> energiu, napr. pre tepelne absorbujúce filtre filmových projektorov. <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9r" title="Cér">Cér</a> sa používa pre sklo, ktoré absorbuje <a href="/wiki/Ultrafialov%C3%A9_%C5%BEiarenie" title="Ultrafialové žiarenie">UV</a> vlnové dĺžky (biologicky škodlivé žiarenie). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Kov" title="Kov">Kovy</a> a <a href="/wiki/Oxid" title="Oxid">oxidy</a> kovov sú pridávané do skloviny počas výroby tiež pre zmenu <a href="/wiki/Farba" class="mw-disambig" title="Farba">farby</a> skla. <a href="/wiki/Mang%C3%A1n" title="Mangán">Mangán</a> odstraňuje <a href="/wiki/Zelen%C3%A1" title="Zelená">zelený</a> odtieň železa, vo vyšších koncentráciách dodáva <a href="/wiki/Ametyst" title="Ametyst">ametystovú</a> farbu. podobne ako mangán aj <a href="/wiki/Sel%C3%A9n" title="Selén">selén</a> sa používa pre dekolorizáciu skla, vo vyšších koncentráciách dodáva <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cerven%C3%A1" title="Červená">červenú</a> farbu. Malé koncentrácie <a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">kobaltu</a> (0,025&#160;–&#160;0,1&#160;%) dávajú <a href="/wiki/Modr%C3%A1" title="Modrá">modré</a> sklo. Oxid <a href="/wiki/C%C3%ADn" title="Cín">cínu</a> s oxidmi <a href="/wiki/Antim%C3%B3n" title="Antimón">antimónu</a> a <a href="/wiki/Arz%C3%A9n" title="Arzén">arzénu</a> vytvára nepriehľadné <a href="/wiki/Biela" title="Biela">biele</a> sklo, po prvýkrát použité v <a href="/wiki/Ben%C3%A1tky" title="Benátky">Benátkách</a> na výrobu imitácie <a href="/wiki/Porcel%C3%A1n" title="Porcelán">porcelánu</a>. Použitie dvoch až troch <a href="/wiki/Percento" title="Percento">percent</a> oxidov <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%8F" title="Meď">medi</a> vytvára <a href="/wiki/Tyrkys" title="Tyrkys">tyrkysovú</a> farbu. Čistá kovová <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%8F" title="Meď">meď</a> dáva veľmi tmavé červené nepriehľadné sklo, ktoré sa používa ako náhrada za <a href="/wiki/Zlato" title="Zlato">zlaté</a> <a href="/wiki/Rub%C3%ADn" title="Rubín">rubínové</a> sklo. <a href="/wiki/Nikel" title="Nikel">Nikel</a> podľa koncentrácie vytvára modré, <a href="/wiki/Fialov%C3%A1" title="Fialová">fialové</a> alebo <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cierna" title="Čierna">čierne</a> sklo. Pridaním <a href="/wiki/Tit%C3%A1n" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Titán">titánu</a> vzniká <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDlt%C3%A1" title="Žltá">žlto</a>-<a href="/wiki/Hned%C3%A1" title="Hnedá">hnedé</a> sklo. <a href="/wiki/Zlato" title="Zlato">Zlato</a> vo veľmi malých koncentráciách (okolo 0,001&#160;%) vytvára rubínovo zafarbené sklo. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ur%C3%A1n_(prvok)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Urán (prvok) (stránka neexistuje)">Urán</a> (0,1&#160;–&#160;2&#160;%) sa pridáva na dodanie <a href="/wiki/Fluorescencia" title="Fluorescencia">fluorescenčnej</a> žltej alebo <a href="/wiki/Zelen%C3%A1" title="Zelená">zelenej</a> farby. <a href="/wiki/Striebro" title="Striebro">Strieborné</a> zlúčeniny (hlavne <a href="/wiki/Dusi%C4%8Dnan_strieborn%C3%BD" title="Dusičnan strieborný">dusičnan strieborný</a>) produkujú rozsah farieb od <a href="/wiki/Oran%C5%BEov%C3%A1" title="Oranžová">oranžovo</a> červenej po žltú. Metóda, akou je sklo zahriate a ochladené tak isto môže ovplyvniť farbu produkovanú týmito zlúčeninami. Často sa objavujú nové zafarbenia skla a nové využitia vďaka novo preskúmaným vlastnostiam. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spracovanie_skloviny">Spracovanie skloviny</h2></div> <p>Tekutá sklovina sa ďalej spracováva fúkaním, lisovaním, liatím a to ručne alebo strojovo. Takto vzniknuté polotovary sa môžu ďalej upravovať brúsením, leštením, maľovaním, leptaním... </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fúkanie"><span id="F.C3.BAkanie"></span>Fúkanie</h3></div> <p>Fúkanie je klasická sklárska technika pre ručné, alebo strojové spracovanie skloviny. Princípom je prichytenie viskóznej skloviny na sklársku píšťalu, do ktorej je tlačený vzduch. Tento na konci rúrky vytvorí bublinu. Súčasným tlačením vzduchu a otáčaním píšťaly sa sklovina udržiava osovo vycentrovaná. Strojovo sa takto vyrábajú napr. fľaše, poháre, karafy a pod. Ručným fúkaním sa vytvárajú hlavne duté umelecké predmety, poháre, karafy, chemické sklo (banky, chladiče) a pod. Tieto predmety nemusia byť vždy len duté. Môžu sa spracovávať aj plné predmety ako napr. ťažítka, kvetinky a veľa predmetov pre dekoračné využitie. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liatie">Liatie</h3></div> <p>Sklovina sa dá odlievať. Odlieva sa do kovových (pri ručnom spracovaní aj do drevených) foriem. Nevýhodou je menej kvalitný povrch. Odlievajú sa fľaše, taniere, poháre, sklenené polotovary (rúry, spojky). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tabuľové_sklo"><span id="Tabu.C4.BEov.C3.A9_sklo"></span>Tabuľové sklo</h3></div> <p>Sklenené tabule (tabuľové sklo) sa vyrába odlievaním do plochých foriem.Existuje sklo valcované a plavené. Pre dosiahnutie ideálne rovného a hladkého povrchu /sklo plavené/tabuľového skla je vnútro formy tvorené roztaveným cínom.Tato technika sa nazýva float coating, pôvodom z Anglicka. Kvapalná sklovina sa teda vo forme vznáša na kvapalnom cíne. Toto sklo sa nazýva plavené&#160;–&#160;float. Vyrába sa v odberateľskom formáte od 3&#160;–&#160;19&#160;mm vo veľkosti 200/225*321&#160;cm a 600x321&#160;cm. Niekedy sa do tabuľového skla zalieva kovová mriežka (bezpečnostné sklo)&#160;–&#160;ide o sklo s drôtenou vložkou tzv. „drôtenka“. Toto sklo je valcované. Takéto sklo sa po rozbití nerozpadne na voľné črepy, ale ostane popraskané v celku. Je pomerne krehké, ale ako bezpečnostné sklo postačuje. Sklo v automobiloch je kalené aj vrstvené&#160;–&#160;predné a zadné sklá sú lepené (sklo-fólia-sklo) a bočné sú kalené. Po rozbití lepeného skla črepy ostávajú prilepené na fólii. Kalené sklo sa rozbije na množstvo drobných kruhových črepín. Nepriestrelné sklo sa vyrába ako viacvrstvové lepené sklo. Použité sú sklá od hrúbky 3&#160;–&#160;5&#160;mm, striedané bezpečnostnou fóliou. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fusing_–_fusingové_sklo"><span id="Fusing_.E2.80.93_fusingov.C3.A9_sklo"></span>Fusing&#160;–&#160;fusingové sklo</h3></div> <p>Fusing je technika používaná pri spekaní a tvarovaní skla za pomoci vysokých teplôt. V súčasnej dobe patrí k bežným metódam spracovania skla, ako sú brúsenie, lisovanie, tvarovanie, ohýbanie apod. </p><p>Technológia fusingu je známa už od staroveku, svedčia o tom aj archeologické dôkazy z obdobia okolo roku <a href="/wiki/2000_pred_Kr." title="2000 pred Kr.">2000 pred&#160;Kr.</a> Ako prví používali, techniku podobnú dnešnému fúzovaniu Egypťania a Rímania. </p><p>S rozvojom fúkaného skla ustupuje fusing do ústrania. K znovuobjeveniu tejto techniky došlo až v priebehu 19. storočia v Európe. V súčasnosti sa fusingové sklo stáva vyhľadávaným artiklom pri dekorácii interiérov a v architektúre. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iné_použitie_skla"><span id="In.C3.A9_pou.C5.BEitie_skla"></span>Iné použitie skla</h3></div> <p>Zo skla sa vyrábajú aj <a href="/wiki/Polotovar" title="Polotovar">polotovary</a>, ktoré slúžia na ďalšie spracovanie. Príkladom sú <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sklenen%C3%A9_vl%C3%A1kno&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sklenené vlákno (stránka neexistuje)">sklenené vlákna</a>, ktoré slúžia ako polotovar pre výrobu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sklenen%C3%A1_tkanina&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sklenená tkanina (stránka neexistuje)">sklenených tkanín</a>, napr. povrazov, knôtov, armovacích mriežok, rohoží, spletaných vláken, <a href="/wiki/Sklenen%C3%A1_vata" class="mw-redirect" title="Sklenená vata">sklenenej vaty</a> a pod. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Iné_projekty"><span id="In.C3.A9_projekty"></span>Iné projekty</h2></div> <div class="interProject wikiquote" style="display:none;"><a href="https://sk.wikiquote.org/wiki/Sklo" class="extiw" title="q:Sklo">Wikicitáty</a></div><div class="interProject commons" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Glass" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Glass">Commons</a></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Spolupracuj na&#160;Wikicitátoch"><img alt="Spolupracuj na&#160;Wikicitátoch" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/18px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/36px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span> Wikicitáty ponúkajú citáty od alebo o <b><a href="https://sk.wikiquote.org/wiki/Sklo" class="extiw" title="q:Sklo">Sklo</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Spolupracuj na&#160;Commons"><img alt="Spolupracuj na&#160;Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Commons ponúka multimediálne súbory na&#160;tému <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Glass" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Glass">Sklo</a></b></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐qqs7t Cached time: 20241123201103 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.076 seconds Real time usage: 0.104 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1487/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3690/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 899/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 9/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.025/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1705653/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 66.450 1 -total 84.26% 55.992 1 Šablóna:Projekt 7.88% 5.239 1 Šablóna:Bez_zdroja 7.69% 5.107 22 Šablóna:Projekt/box 5.29% 3.515 20 Šablóna:Projekt/param 3.93% 2.609 2 Šablóna:Mm 3.37% 2.240 2 Šablóna:Cm 3.02% 2.007 1 Šablóna:Správa 1.85% 1.231 2 Šablóna:Projekt/odkaz --> <!-- Saved in RevisionOutputCache with key skwiki:rcache:6405473:dateformat=default and timestamp 20241123201103 and revision id 6405473. --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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