CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html class="client-nojs skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <base href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Haplogroup H (mtDNA) - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"be95ca55-e918-4ef2-9889-e6e216a05dc7","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)","wgTitle":"Haplogroup H (mtDNA)","wgCurRevisionId":1258490438,"wgRevisionId":1258490438,"wgArticleId" :21044671,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)","wgRelevantArticleId":21044671,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFMode":"stable","wgMFAmc":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachActive":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachUserEligible":false,"wgMFLazyLoadImages":true,"wgMFEditNoticesFeatureConflict":false,"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgMFIsSupportedEditRequest":true,"wgMFScriptPath": "","wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":50000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":true,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgSectionTranslationMissingLanguages":[{"lang":"ace","autonym":"Acèh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ady","autonym":"адыгабзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"alt","autonym":"алтай тил","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"am","autonym":"አማርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ami","autonym":"Pangcah","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"an","autonym":"aragonés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ang","autonym":"Ænglisc","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ann","autonym":"Obolo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"anp","autonym":"अंगिका","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ar","autonym":"العربية","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ary","autonym":"الدارجة","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"arz","autonym":"مصرى","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"as","autonym":"অসমীয়া","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ast","autonym":"asturianu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"av","autonym":"авар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"avk", "autonym":"Kotava","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"awa","autonym":"अवधी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ay","autonym":"Aymar aru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"az","autonym":"azərbaycanca","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"azb","autonym":"تۆرکجه","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ba","autonym":"башҡортса","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ban","autonym":"Basa Bali","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bar","autonym":"Boarisch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bbc","autonym":"Batak Toba","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bcl","autonym":"Bikol Central","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bdr","autonym":"Bajau Sama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"be","autonym":"беларуская","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bew","autonym":"Betawi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bg","autonym":"български","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bho","autonym":"भोजपुरी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bi","autonym":"Bislama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bjn","autonym":"Banjar","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"blk","autonym":"ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bm","autonym":"bamanankan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bn", "autonym":"বাংলা","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bo","autonym":"བོད་ཡིག","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bpy","autonym":"বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"br","autonym":"brezhoneg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bs","autonym":"bosanski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"btm","autonym":"Batak Mandailing","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bug","autonym":"Basa Ugi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ca","autonym":"català","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cdo","autonym":"閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ce","autonym":"нохчийн","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ceb","autonym":"Cebuano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ch","autonym":"Chamoru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"chr","autonym":"ᏣᎳᎩ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ckb","autonym":"کوردی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"co","autonym":"corsu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cr","autonym":"Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"crh","autonym":"qırımtatarca","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cu","autonym": "словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cy","autonym":"Cymraeg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"da","autonym":"dansk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dag","autonym":"dagbanli","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dga","autonym":"Dagaare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"din","autonym":"Thuɔŋjäŋ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"diq","autonym":"Zazaki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dsb","autonym":"dolnoserbski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dtp","autonym":"Kadazandusun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dv","autonym":"ދިވެހިބަސް","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"dz","autonym":"ཇོང་ཁ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ee","autonym":"eʋegbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"el","autonym":"Ελληνικά","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eml","autonym":"emiliàn e rumagnòl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eo","autonym":"Esperanto","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"et","autonym":"eesti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eu","autonym":"euskara","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fa","autonym":"فارسی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"fat","autonym":"mfantse","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ff","autonym":"Fulfulde", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fj","autonym":"Na Vosa Vakaviti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fo","autonym":"føroyskt","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fon","autonym":"fɔ̀ngbè","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frp","autonym":"arpetan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frr","autonym":"Nordfriisk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fur","autonym":"furlan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fy","autonym":"Frysk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gag","autonym":"Gagauz","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gan","autonym":"贛語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gcr","autonym":"kriyòl gwiyannen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gl","autonym":"galego","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"glk","autonym":"گیلکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"gn","autonym":"Avañe'ẽ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gom","autonym":"गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gor","autonym":"Bahasa Hulontalo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gpe","autonym":"Ghanaian Pidgin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gu","autonym":"ગુજરાતી","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guc","autonym":"wayuunaiki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gur","autonym":"farefare", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guw","autonym":"gungbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gv","autonym":"Gaelg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ha","autonym":"Hausa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hak","autonym":"客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"haw","autonym":"Hawaiʻi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"he","autonym":"עברית","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"hif","autonym":"Fiji Hindi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hr","autonym":"hrvatski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hsb","autonym":"hornjoserbsce","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ht","autonym":"Kreyòl ayisyen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hu","autonym":"magyar","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hy","autonym":"հայերեն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hyw","autonym":"Արեւմտահայերէն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ia","autonym":"interlingua","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iba","autonym":"Jaku Iban","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ie","autonym":"Interlingue","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ig","autonym":"Igbo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"igl","autonym":"Igala","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ilo","autonym":"Ilokano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"io","autonym":"Ido","dir": "ltr"},{"lang":"is","autonym":"íslenska","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"it","autonym":"italiano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iu","autonym":"ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jam","autonym":"Patois","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jv","autonym":"Jawa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ka","autonym":"ქართული","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kaa","autonym":"Qaraqalpaqsha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kab","autonym":"Taqbaylit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbd","autonym":"адыгэбзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbp","autonym":"Kabɩyɛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kcg","autonym":"Tyap","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kg","autonym":"Kongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kge","autonym":"Kumoring","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ki","autonym":"Gĩkũyũ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kk","autonym":"қазақша","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kl","autonym":"kalaallisut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"km","autonym":"ភាសាខ្មែរ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kn","autonym":"ಕನ್ನಡ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ko","autonym":"한국어","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"koi", "autonym":"перем коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"krc","autonym":"къарачай-малкъар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ks","autonym":"कॉशुर / کٲشُر","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ku","autonym":"kurdî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kus","autonym":"Kʋsaal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kv","autonym":"коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kw","autonym":"kernowek","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ky","autonym":"кыргызча","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lad","autonym":"Ladino","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lb","autonym":"Lëtzebuergesch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lez","autonym":"лезги","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lg","autonym":"Luganda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"li","autonym":"Limburgs","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lij","autonym":"Ligure","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lld","autonym":"Ladin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lmo","autonym":"lombard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ln","autonym":"lingála","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lo","autonym":"ລາວ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lt","autonym":"lietuvių","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ltg","autonym":"latgaļu","dir":"ltr"},{ "lang":"lv","autonym":"latviešu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mad","autonym":"Madhurâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mai","autonym":"मैथिली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"map-bms","autonym":"Basa Banyumasan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mdf","autonym":"мокшень","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mg","autonym":"Malagasy","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mhr","autonym":"олык марий","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mi","autonym":"Māori","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"min","autonym":"Minangkabau","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ml","autonym":"മലയാളം","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mn","autonym":"монгол","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mni","autonym":"ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mnw","autonym":"ဘာသာမန်","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mos","autonym":"moore","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mr","autonym":"मराठी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mrj","autonym":"кырык мары","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ms","autonym":"Bahasa Melayu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mt","autonym":"Malti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mwl","autonym":"Mirandés","dir":"ltr" },{"lang":"my","autonym":"မြန်မာဘာသာ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"myv","autonym":"эрзянь","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mzn","autonym":"مازِرونی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nah","autonym":"Nāhuatl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nan","autonym":"閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nap","autonym":"Napulitano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nb","autonym":"norsk bokmål","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds","autonym":"Plattdüütsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds-nl","autonym":"Nedersaksies","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ne","autonym":"नेपाली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"new","autonym":"नेपाल भाषा","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nia","autonym":"Li Niha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nl","autonym":"Nederlands","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nn","autonym":"norsk nynorsk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nqo","autonym":"ߒߞߏ","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nr","autonym":"isiNdebele seSewula","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nso","autonym":"Sesotho sa Leboa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ny","autonym":"Chi-Chewa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"oc", "autonym":"occitan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"om","autonym":"Oromoo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"or","autonym":"ଓଡ଼ିଆ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"os","autonym":"ирон","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pa","autonym":"ਪੰਜਾਬੀ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pag","autonym":"Pangasinan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pam","autonym":"Kapampangan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pap","autonym":"Papiamentu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcd","autonym":"Picard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcm","autonym":"Naijá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pdc","autonym":"Deitsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pl","autonym":"polski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pms","autonym":"Piemontèis","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pnb","autonym":"پنجابی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ps","autonym":"پښتو","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"pwn","autonym":"pinayuanan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"qu","autonym":"Runa Simi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rm","autonym":"rumantsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rn","autonym":"ikirundi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ro","autonym":"română","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rsk","autonym":"руски", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rue","autonym":"русиньскый","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rup","autonym":"armãneashti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rw","autonym":"Ikinyarwanda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sa","autonym":"संस्कृतम्","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sah","autonym":"саха тыла","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sat","autonym":"ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sc","autonym":"sardu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"scn","autonym":"sicilianu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sco","autonym":"Scots","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sd","autonym":"سنڌي","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"se","autonym":"davvisámegiella","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sg","autonym":"Sängö","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sgs","autonym":"žemaitėška","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sh","autonym":"srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shi","autonym":"Taclḥit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shn","autonym":"ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"si","autonym":"සිංහල","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sk","autonym":"slovenčina","dir": "ltr"},{"lang":"skr","autonym":"سرائیکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"sl","autonym":"slovenščina","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sm","autonym":"Gagana Samoa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"smn","autonym":"anarâškielâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sn","autonym":"chiShona","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"so","autonym":"Soomaaliga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sq","autonym":"shqip","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sr","autonym":"српски / srpski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"srn","autonym":"Sranantongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ss","autonym":"SiSwati","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"st","autonym":"Sesotho","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"stq","autonym":"Seeltersk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"su","autonym":"Sunda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sv","autonym":"svenska","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sw","autonym":"Kiswahili","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"szl","autonym":"ślůnski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ta","autonym":"தமிழ்","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tay","autonym":"Tayal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tcy","autonym":"ತುಳು","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tdd","autonym": "ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"te","autonym":"తెలుగు","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tet","autonym":"tetun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tg","autonym":"тоҷикӣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"th","autonym":"ไทย","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ti","autonym":"ትግርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tk","autonym":"Türkmençe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tl","autonym":"Tagalog","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tly","autonym":"tolışi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tn","autonym":"Setswana","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"to","autonym":"lea faka-Tonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tpi","autonym":"Tok Pisin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"trv","autonym":"Seediq","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ts","autonym":"Xitsonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tt","autonym":"татарча / tatarça","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tum","autonym":"chiTumbuka","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tw","autonym":"Twi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ty","autonym":"reo tahiti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tyv","autonym":"тыва дыл","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"udm","autonym":"удмурт","dir":"ltr"},{ "lang":"ur","autonym":"اردو","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"uz","autonym":"oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ve","autonym":"Tshivenda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vec","autonym":"vèneto","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vep","autonym":"vepsän kel’","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vi","autonym":"Tiếng Việt","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vls","autonym":"West-Vlams","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vo","autonym":"Volapük","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vro","autonym":"võro","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wa","autonym":"walon","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"war","autonym":"Winaray","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wo","autonym":"Wolof","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wuu","autonym":"吴语","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xal","autonym":"хальмг","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xh","autonym":"isiXhosa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xmf","autonym":"მარგალური","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yi","autonym":"ייִדיש","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"yo","autonym":"Yorùbá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yue","autonym":"粵語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"za","autonym":"Vahcuengh","dir":"ltr"},{ "lang":"zgh","autonym":"ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zh","autonym":"中文","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zu","autonym":"isiZulu","dir":"ltr"}],"wgSectionTranslationTargetLanguages":["ace","ady","alt","am","ami","an","ang","ann","anp","ar","ary","arz","as","ast","av","avk","awa","ay","az","azb","ba","ban","bar","bbc","bcl","bdr","be","bew","bg","bho","bi","bjn","blk","bm","bn","bo","bpy","br","bs","btm","bug","ca","cdo","ce","ceb","ch","chr","ckb","co","cr","crh","cs","cu","cy","da","dag","de","dga","din","diq","dsb","dtp","dv","dz","ee","el","eml","eo","es","et","eu","fa","fat","ff","fi","fj","fo","fon","fr","frp","frr","fur","fy","gag","gan","gcr","gl","glk","gn","gom","gor","gpe","gu","guc","gur","guw","gv","ha","hak","haw","he","hi","hif","hr","hsb","ht","hu","hy","hyw","ia","iba","ie","ig","igl","ilo","io","is","it","iu","ja","jam","jv","ka","kaa","kab","kbd","kbp","kcg","kg","kge","ki","kk","kl","km","kn","ko","koi","krc","ks","ku","kus","kv", "kw","ky","lad","lb","lez","lg","li","lij","lld","lmo","ln","lo","lt","ltg","lv","mad","mai","map-bms","mdf","mg","mhr","mi","min","mk","ml","mn","mni","mnw","mos","mr","mrj","ms","mt","mwl","my","myv","mzn","nah","nan","nap","nb","nds","nds-nl","ne","new","nia","nl","nn","nqo","nr","nso","ny","oc","om","or","os","pa","pag","pam","pap","pcd","pcm","pdc","pl","pms","pnb","ps","pt","pwn","qu","rm","rn","ro","rsk","rue","rup","rw","sa","sah","sat","sc","scn","sco","sd","se","sg","sgs","sh","shi","shn","si","sk","skr","sl","sm","smn","sn","so","sq","sr","srn","ss","st","stq","su","sv","sw","szl","ta","tay","tcy","tdd","te","tet","tg","th","ti","tk","tl","tly","tn","to","tpi","tr","trv","ts","tt","tum","tw","ty","tyv","udm","ur","uz","ve","vec","vep","vi","vls","vo","vro","wa","war","wo","wuu","xal","xh","xmf","yi","yo","yue","za","zgh","zh","zu"],"isLanguageSearcherCXEntrypointEnabled":true,"mintEntrypointLanguages":["ace","ast","azb","bcl","bjn","bh","crh","ff","fon","ig","is","ki","ks", "lmo","min","sat","ss","tn","vec"],"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1584156","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgMinervaPermissions":{"watchable":true,"watch":false},"wgMinervaFeatures":{"beta":false,"donate":true,"mobileOptionsLink":true,"categories":false,"pageIssues":true,"talkAtTop":true,"historyInPageActions":false,"overflowSubmenu":false,"tabsOnSpecials":true,"personalMenu":false,"mainMenuExpanded":false,"echo":true,"nightMode":true},"wgMinervaDownloadNamespaces":[0]};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.styles":"ready", "skins.minerva.content.styles.images":"ready","mediawiki.hlist":"ready","skins.minerva.codex.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.icons":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.amc.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","mobile.init.styles":"ready","ext.relatedArticles.styles":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.tablesorter","skins.minerva.scripts","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","mobile.init","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.relatedArticles.readMore.bootstrap","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.entrypoints.mffrequentlanguages","ext.cx.entrypoints.languagesearcher.init","mw.externalguidance.init","ext.checkUser.clientHints", "ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.relatedArticles.styles%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cmediawiki.hlist%7Cmobile.init.styles%7Cskins.minerva.amc.styles%7Cskins.minerva.codex.styles%7Cskins.minerva.content.styles.images%7Cskins.minerva.icons%2Cstyles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <script async src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=minerva"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#eaecf0"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes, minimum-scale=0.25, maximum-scale=5.0"> <meta property="og:title" content="Haplogroup H (mtDNA) - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="manifest" href="/w/api.php?action=webapp-manifest"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-By" content="Google"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-To" content="en"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.omlEigW4xY8.O/am=DgY/d=1/rs=AN8SPfpjsL9kUWY0h-sp7Ilu7hZWGwEmeg/m=corsproxy" data-sourceurl="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)"></script> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20..48,100..700,0..1,-50..200" rel="stylesheet"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.omlEigW4xY8.O/am=DgY/d=1/exm=corsproxy/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfpjsL9kUWY0h-sp7Ilu7hZWGwEmeg/m=phishing_protection" data-phishing-protection-enabled="false" data-forms-warning-enabled="true" data-source-url="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)"></script> <meta name="robots" content="none"> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Haplogroup_H_mtDNA rootpage-Haplogroup_H_mtDNA stable issues-group-B skin-minerva action-view skin--responsive mw-mf-amc-disabled mw-mf"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.omlEigW4xY8.O/am=DgY/d=1/exm=corsproxy,phishing_protection/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfpjsL9kUWY0h-sp7Ilu7hZWGwEmeg/m=navigationui" data-environment="prod" data-proxy-url="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog" data-proxy-full-url="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-source-url="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)" data-source-language="auto" data-target-language="en" data-display-language="en-GB" data-detected-source-language="en" data-is-source-untranslated="false" data-source-untranslated-url="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&anno=2" data-client="tr"></script> <div id="mw-mf-viewport"> <div id="mw-mf-page-center"><a class="mw-mf-page-center__mask" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#"></a> <header class="header-container header-chrome"> <div class="minerva-header"> <nav class="navigation-drawer toggle-list view-border-box"><input type="checkbox" id="main-menu-input" class="toggle-list__checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-labelledby="mw-mf-main-menu-button"> <label role="button" for="main-menu-input" id="mw-mf-main-menu-button" aria-hidden="true" data-event-name="ui.mainmenu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet toggle-list__toggle"> </label> <div id="mw-mf-page-left" class="menu view-border-box"> <ul id="p-navigation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--home" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Main_Page?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> Home </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--random" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:Random?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> Random </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--nearby" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:Nearby?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.nearby" data-mw="interface"> Nearby </a></li> </ul> <ul id="p-personal" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--login" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Haplogroup+H+(mtDNA)&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.login" data-mw="interface"> Log in </a></li> </ul> <ul id="pt-preferences" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--settings" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Special:MobileOptions&returnto=Haplogroup+H+(mtDNA)&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.settings" data-mw="interface"> Settings </a></li> </ul> <ul id="p-donation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--donate" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source%3Ddonate%26utm_medium%3Dsidebar%26utm_campaign%3DC13_en.wikipedia.org%26uselang%3Den%26utm_key%3Dminerva" data-event-name="menu.donate" data-mw="interface"> Donate </a></li> </ul> <ul class="hlist"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--about" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:About?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> About Wikipedia </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--disclaimers" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> Disclaimers </a></li> </ul> </div><label class="main-menu-mask" for="main-menu-input"></label> </nav> <div class="branding-box"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Main_Page?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </a> </div> <form action="/w/index.php" method="get" class="minerva-search-form"> <div class="search-box"><input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> <input class="search skin-minerva-search-trigger" id="searchInput" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> </div><button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> Search </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="User navigation"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Haplogroup H (mtDNA)</h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected"><a class="minerva__tab-text" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.subject">Article</a></li> <li class="minerva__tab "><a class="minerva__tab-text" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Talk:Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a></li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> Language </a></li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Haplogroup+H+(mtDNA)&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> Watch </a></li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> Edit </a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> This article is about the human mtDNA haplogroup. For the human Y-DNA haplogroup, see <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(Y-DNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup H (Y-DNA)">Haplogroup H (Y-DNA)</a>. </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style> Haplogroup H is a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Human_mitochondrial_DNA_haplogroup?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup">human mitochondrial DNA</a> (mtDNA) <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup">haplogroup</a>. The clade is believed to have originated in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Southwest_Asia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Southwest Asia">Southwest Asia</a>, near present day Syria,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-achilli2004-1">[1]</a> around 20,000 to 25,000 years ago. Mitochondrial haplogroup H is today predominantly found in Europe, and is believed to have evolved before the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Last_Glacial_Maximum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Last Glacial Maximum">Last Glacial Maximum</a> (LGM). It first expanded in the northern <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Near_East?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Near East">Near East</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Southern_Caucasus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Caucasus">Southern Caucasus</a>, and later migrations from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iberia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Iberia">Iberia</a> suggest that the clade reached Europe before the Last Glacial Maximum. The haplogroup has also spread to parts of Africa, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Siberia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Siberia">Siberia</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Inner_Asia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Inner Asia">Inner Asia</a>. Today, around 40% of all maternal lineages in Europe belong to haplogroup H. <table class="infobox"> <tbody> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Haplogroup H</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Possible time of origin</th> <td class="infobox-data">20,000–25,000 YBP</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Possible place of origin</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Southwest_Asia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Southwest Asia">Southwest Asia</a> (West Asia or Western Asia), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lesser_Caucasus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lesser Caucasus">Lesser Caucasus</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ancestor</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_HV_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup HV (mtDNA)">HV</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-achilli2004-1">[1]</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Descendants</th> <td class="infobox-data">H* lineages; subclades H1, H2, H3, H4, H5'36, H6, H7, H8, H9, H10, H11, H12, H13, H14, H15, H16, H18, H19, H20, H22, H23, H24, H25, H26, H28, H29, H31, H32, H33, H34, H35, H37, H38, H39, 16129(H17+H27), 16129(H21+H30) (numbers to H144)<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2">[2]</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Defining mutations</th> <td class="infobox-data">G2706A, T7028C<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pmid18853457-3">[3]</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Origin">1 Origin</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Distribution">2 Distribution</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Subclades">3 Subclades</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H1">3.1 H1</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H3">3.2 H3</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H5">3.3 H5</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H2,_H6_and_H8">3.4 H2, H6 and H8</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H4">3.5 H4</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H7">3.6 H7</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H9">3.7 H9</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H10">3.8 H10</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H11">3.9 H11</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H12">3.10 H12</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H13">3.11 H13</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H14">3.12 H14</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H15">3.13 H15</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H16">3.14 H16</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H17">3.15 H17</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H18">3.16 H18</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H20_and_H21">3.17 H20 and H21</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H22_through_H95a">3.18 H22 through H95a</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-22"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H96_and_above">3.19 H96 and above</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Tree">4 Tree</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Genetic_traits">5 Genetic traits</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Popular_culture">6 Popular culture</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-26"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#See_also">7 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-27"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#References">8 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-28"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#External_links">9 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <h2 id="Origin">Origin</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Origin" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> Haplogroup H is a descendant of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_HV_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup HV (mtDNA)">haplogroup HV</a>. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cambridge_Reference_Sequence?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cambridge Reference Sequence">Cambridge Reference Sequence</a> (CRS), which until recently was the human mitochondrial sequence to which all others were compared, belongs to haplogroup H2a2a1.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4">[4]</a> Several independent studies conclude that haplogroup H probably evolved in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Western_Asia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Asia">Western Asia</a> c. 25,000 years ago. In July 2008 ancient mtDNA from an individual called <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paglicci_23?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paglicci 23">Paglicci 23</a>, whose remains were dated to 28,000 years ago and excavated from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paglicci_Cave?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paglicci Cave">Paglicci Cave</a> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Apulia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apulia">Apulia</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italy">Italy</a>), were found to be identical to the Cambridge Reference Sequence in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/HVR1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="HVR1">HVR1</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pmid18628960-5">[5]</a> This once was believed to indicate haplogroup H, but researchers now recognize that CRS HVR1 also appears in U or HV, because there are no HVR1 mutations that separate CRS from the haplogroup R founder. Haplogroup HV derives from the haplogroup R0 which in turn derives from haplogroup R is a descendant of macro-haplogroup N like its sibling M, is a descendant of haplogroup L3. MtDNA H had frequency of 19% among Neolithic Early European Farmers and virtually absent among Mesolithic European hunter gatherers.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pmid23612305-6">[6]</a> MtDNA H was also present in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cucuteni%E2%80%93Trypillia_culture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cucuteni–Trypillia culture">Cucuteni–Trypillia culture</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pmid28235025-7">[7]</a> The clade has been observed among <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ancient_Egypt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ancient Egypt">ancient Egyptian</a> mummies excavated at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abusir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abusir">Abusir el-Meleq</a> archaeological site in Middle Egypt, which date from the pre-<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ptolemaic_Kingdom?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ptolemaic Kingdom">Ptolemaic</a>/late <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Egypt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="New Kingdom of Egypt">New Kingdom</a> and Ptolemaic periods.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pmid28556824-8">[8]</a> Additionally, haplogroup H has been found among specimens at the mainland cemetery in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kulubnarti?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kulubnarti">Kulubnarti</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sudan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sudan">Sudan</a>, which date from the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Makuria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Makuria">Early Christian</a> period (AD 550–800).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9">[9]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <h2 id="Distribution">Distribution</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Distribution" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Spatial_frequency_distribution_of_different_sub-lineages_of_mtDNA_haplogroup_H.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Spatial_frequency_distribution_of_different_sub-lineages_of_mtDNA_haplogroup_H.png/220px-Spatial_frequency_distribution_of_different_sub-lineages_of_mtDNA_haplogroup_H.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="337" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1822" data-file-height="2789"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 337px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Spatial_frequency_distribution_of_different_sub-lineages_of_mtDNA_haplogroup_H.png/220px-Spatial_frequency_distribution_of_different_sub-lineages_of_mtDNA_haplogroup_H.png" data-width="220" data-height="337" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Spatial_frequency_distribution_of_different_sub-lineages_of_mtDNA_haplogroup_H.png/330px-Spatial_frequency_distribution_of_different_sub-lineages_of_mtDNA_haplogroup_H.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Spatial_frequency_distribution_of_different_sub-lineages_of_mtDNA_haplogroup_H.png/440px-Spatial_frequency_distribution_of_different_sub-lineages_of_mtDNA_haplogroup_H.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Projected spatial frequency distributions for haplogroups H*, H1, H2a, H3, H4, H5a, H6a, H7, H8 and H11 </figcaption> </figure> Haplogroup H is the most common mtDNA clade in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europe">Europe</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pmid15827561-10">[10]</a> It is found in approximately 41% of native Europeans.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-12">[12]</a> The lineage is also common in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/North_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="North Africa">North Africa</a> and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Middle_East?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13">[13]</a> The majority of the European populations have an overall haplogroup H frequency of 40–50%, with frequencies decreasing in the southeast. The clade reaches 20% in the Near East and Caucasus, 17% in Iran, and <10% in the Arabian Peninsula, Northern India and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Central_Asia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-achilli2004-1">[1]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Metspalu-14">[14]</a> Undifferentiated haplogroup H has been found among <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palestinians?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palestinians">Palestinians</a> (14%),<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Non2010-15">[15]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Syrian_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian people">Syrians</a> (13.6%),<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Non2010-15">[15]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Druze?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Druze">Druze</a> (10.6%),<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Non2010-15">[15]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iraqis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iraqis">Iraqis</a> (9.5%),<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Non2010-15">[15]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Somalis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Somalis">Somalis</a> (6.7%),<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Non2010-15">[15]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Egyptians?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Egyptians">Egyptians</a> (5.7% in El-Hayez;<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-16">[16]</a> 14.7% in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kurna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kurna">Gurna</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pmid14748828-17">[17]</a>), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saudis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saudis">Saudis</a> (5.3–10%),<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Non2010-15">[15]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Soqotri_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Soqotri people">Soqotri</a> (3.1%),<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Cerny2009-18">[18]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nubians?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nubians">Nubians</a> (1.3%),<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Non2010-15">[15]</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yemen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yemen">Yemenis</a> (0–13.9%).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Non2010-15">[15]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <h2 id="Subclades">Subclades</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Subclades" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> Among all these clades, the subhaplogroups H1 and H3 have been subject to a more detailed study and would be associated to the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Magdalenian?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Magdalenian">Magdalenian</a> expansion from SW Europe c. 13,000 years ago:<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Pereira-19">[19]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="H1">H1</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: H1" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Spatial_frequency_distribution_(%25)_of_haplogroup_H1_in_western_Eurasia_and_North_Africa..png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Spatial_frequency_distribution_%28%25%29_of_haplogroup_H1_in_western_Eurasia_and_North_Africa..png/220px-Spatial_frequency_distribution_%28%25%29_of_haplogroup_H1_in_western_Eurasia_and_North_Africa..png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2872" data-file-height="2154"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Spatial_frequency_distribution_%28%25%29_of_haplogroup_H1_in_western_Eurasia_and_North_Africa..png/220px-Spatial_frequency_distribution_%28%25%29_of_haplogroup_H1_in_western_Eurasia_and_North_Africa..png" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Spatial_frequency_distribution_%28%25%29_of_haplogroup_H1_in_western_Eurasia_and_North_Africa..png/330px-Spatial_frequency_distribution_%28%25%29_of_haplogroup_H1_in_western_Eurasia_and_North_Africa..png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Spatial_frequency_distribution_%28%25%29_of_haplogroup_H1_in_western_Eurasia_and_North_Africa..png/440px-Spatial_frequency_distribution_%28%25%29_of_haplogroup_H1_in_western_Eurasia_and_North_Africa..png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Projected spatial frequency distribution of haplogroup H1 </figcaption> </figure> H1 encompasses an important fraction of Western European mtDNA lineages, reaching its local peak among contemporary <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Basque_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Basque people">Basques</a> (27.8%). The clade also occurs at high frequencies elsewhere in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a>, as well as in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maghreb?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maghreb">Maghreb</a> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tamazgha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tamazgha">Tamazgha</a>). The haplogroup frequency is above 10% in many other parts of Europe (France, Sardinia, parts of the British Isles, Alps, large portions of Eastern Europe), and surpasses 5% in nearly all of the continent.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-achilli2004-1">[1]</a> Its H1b subclade is most common in eastern Europe and NW Siberia.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Loogv%C3%A4li-20">[20]</a> As of 2010<a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DHaplogroup_H_(mtDNA)%26action%3Dedit">[update]</a>, the highest frequency of the H1 subclade has been found among the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tuareg_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tuareg people">Tuareg</a> inhabiting the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fezzan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fezzan">Fezzan</a> region in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Libya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Libya">Libya</a> (61%).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-21">[21]</a> The basal H1* haplogroup is found among the Tuareg inhabiting the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gossi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gossi">Gossi</a> area in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mali?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mali">Mali</a> (4.76%).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Pereira2010-22">[22]</a> The rare H1cb subclade is concentrated among <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fula_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fula people">Fulani</a> groups inhabiting the Sahel.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-23">[23]</a> Haplogroup H has been found in various fossils that were analysed for ancient DNA, including specimens associated with the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Linearbandkeramik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Linearbandkeramik">Linearbandkeramik</a> culture (H1e, Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld, 1/22 or ~5%; H1 or H1au1b, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karsdorf?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karsdorf">Karsdorf</a>, 1/2 or 50%), Germany Middle Neolithic (H1e1a, Esperstedt, 1/1 or 100%), Iberia Early Neolithic (H1, El Prado de Pancorbo, 1/2 or 50%), Iberia Middle Neolithic (H1, La Mina, 1/4 or 25%), and Iberia Chalcolithic (H1t, El Mirador Cave, 1/12 or ~8%).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pmid29144465-24">[24]</a> Haplogroup H has been observed in ancient <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guanches?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guanches">Guanche</a> fossils excavated in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gran_Canaria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tenerife?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a> on the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Canary_Islands?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a>, which have been <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Radiocarbon_dating?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Radiocarbon dating">radiocarbon-dated</a> to between the 7th and 11th centuries CE. At the Tenerife site, these clade-bearing individuals were found to belong to the H1cf subclade (1/7; ~14%); at the Gran Canaria site, the specimens carried the H2a subhaplogroup (1/4; 25%).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Additionally, ancient Guanche (Bimbaches) individuals excavated in Punta Azul, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/El_Hierro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="El Hierro">El Hierro</a>, Canary Islands were all found to belong to the H1 maternal subclade. These locally born individuals were dated to the 10th century and carried the H1-16260 haplotype, which is exclusive to the Canary Islands and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Algeria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-26">[26]</a> <dl> <dt> Frequencies of haplogroup H1 in the world (Ottoni et al. 2010) </dt> </dl> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody> <tr> <th>Region or Population</th> <th>H1%</th> <th>No. of subjects</th> </tr> <tr> <td>Africa</td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Libyan Tuareg</td> <td>61</td> <td>129</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Tuareg (West Sahel)</td> <td>23.3</td> <td>90</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Berbers (Morocco)</td> <td>20.2</td> <td>217</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Morocco</td> <td>12.2</td> <td>180</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Berbers (Tunisia)</td> <td>13.4</td> <td>276</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Tunisia</td> <td>10.6</td> <td>269</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Mozabite</td> <td>9.8</td> <td>80</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Siwas (Egypt)</td> <td>1.1</td> <td>184</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Western Sahara</td> <td>14.8</td> <td>128</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Mauritania</td> <td>6.9</td> <td>102</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Senegal</td> <td>0</td> <td>100</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Fulani (Chad–Cameroon)</td> <td>0</td> <td>186</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Cameroon</td> <td>0</td> <td>142</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Chad</td> <td>0</td> <td>77</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Buduma (Niger)</td> <td>0</td> <td>30</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Nigeria</td> <td>0</td> <td>69</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Ethiopia</td> <td>0</td> <td>82</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Amhara (Ethiopia)</td> <td>0</td> <td>90</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Oromo (Ethiopia)</td> <td>0</td> <td>117</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Sierra Leone</td> <td>0</td> <td>155</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Guineans (Guiné Bissau)</td> <td>0</td> <td>372</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Mali</td> <td>0</td> <td>83</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Kikuyu (Kenya)</td> <td>0</td> <td>24</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Benin</td> <td>0</td> <td>192</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Asia</td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Central Asia</td> <td>0.7</td> <td>445</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Pakistan</td> <td>0</td> <td>100</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Yakuts</td> <td>1.7</td> <td>58</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Caucasus</td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Caucasus (north)</td> <td>8.8</td> <td>68</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Caucasus (south)</td> <td>2.3</td> <td>132</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Northwestern Caucasus</td> <td>4.7</td> <td>234</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Armenians</td> <td>2.3</td> <td>175</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Daghestan</td> <td>2.5</td> <td>269</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Georgians</td> <td>1</td> <td>193</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Karachay-Balkars</td> <td>4.4</td> <td>203</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Ossetians</td> <td>2.4</td> <td>296</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Europe</td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Andalusia</td> <td>24.3</td> <td>103</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Basques (Spain)</td> <td>27.8</td> <td>108</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Catalonia</td> <td>13.9</td> <td>101</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Galicia</td> <td>17.7</td> <td>266</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Pasiegos (Cantabria)</td> <td>23.5</td> <td>51</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Portugal</td> <td>25.5</td> <td>499</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Spain (miscellaneous)</td> <td>18.9</td> <td>132</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Italy (north)</td> <td>11.5</td> <td>322</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Italy (center)</td> <td>6.3</td> <td>208</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Italy (south)</td> <td>8.7</td> <td>206</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Sardinia</td> <td>17.9</td> <td>106</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Sicily</td> <td>10</td> <td>90</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Finland</td> <td>18</td> <td>78</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Volga-Ural Finnic speakers</td> <td>13.6</td> <td>125</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Basques (France)</td> <td>17.5</td> <td>40</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Béarnaise</td> <td>14.8</td> <td>27</td> </tr> <tr> <td>France</td> <td>12.3</td> <td>106</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Estonia</td> <td>16.7</td> <td>114</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Saami</td> <td>0</td> <td>57</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Lithuania</td> <td>1.7</td> <td>180</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Hungary</td> <td>11.3</td> <td>303</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Czech Republic</td> <td>10.8</td> <td>102</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Ukraine</td> <td>9.9</td> <td>191</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Poland</td> <td>9.3</td> <td>86</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Russia</td> <td>13.5</td> <td>312</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Austria</td> <td>10.6</td> <td>2487</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Germany</td> <td>6</td> <td>100</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Romania</td> <td>9.4</td> <td>360</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Netherlands</td> <td>8.8</td> <td>34</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Greece (Aegean islands)</td> <td>1.6</td> <td>247</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Greece (mainland)</td> <td>6.3</td> <td>79</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Macedonia</td> <td>7.1</td> <td>252</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Albania</td> <td>2.9</td> <td>105</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Turks</td> <td>3.3</td> <td>360</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Balkans</td> <td>5.4</td> <td>111</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Croatia</td> <td>8.3</td> <td>84</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Slovaks</td> <td>7.6</td> <td>119</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Slovak (East)</td> <td>16.8</td> <td>137</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Slovak (West)</td> <td>14.2</td> <td>70</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Middle East</td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Arabian Peninsula</td> <td>0</td> <td>94</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Arabian Peninsula (incl. Yemen, Oman)</td> <td>0.8</td> <td>493</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Druze</td> <td>3.4</td> <td>58</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Dubai (United Arab Emirates)</td> <td>0.4</td> <td>249</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Iraq</td> <td>1.9</td> <td>206</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jordanians</td> <td>1.7</td> <td>173</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Lebanese</td> <td>4.2</td> <td>167</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Syrians</td> <td>0</td> <td>159</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="H3">H3</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: H3" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> H3 is found throughout the whole of Europe and in the Maghreb,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-achilli2004-1">[1]</a> and is believed to have originated among Mesolithic hunter-gatherers in south-western Europe between 9 000 and 11 000 years ago. H3 represents the second largest fraction of the H genome after H1 and has a somewhat similar distribution, with peaks in Portugal, Spain, Scandinavia and Finland. It is common in Portugal (12%), Sardinia (11%), Galicia (10%), the Basque country (10%), Ireland (6%), Norway (6%), Hungary (6%) and southwestern France (5%).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-achilli2004-1">[1]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-eupedia.com-28">[28]</a> Studies have suggested haplogroup H3 is highly protective against AIDS progression.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pmid19005266-29">[29]</a> Example of H3 sub-groups are:<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-eupedia.com-28">[28]</a> <ul> <li>H3a and H3g, found in north-west Europe;</li> <li>H3b and H3k, found in the British Isles and Catalonia;</li> <li>H3c, found in Western Europe, including among the Basques;</li> <li>H3h, found throughout northern Europe, including the remains of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cerdic_of_Wessex?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cerdic of Wessex">Cerdic</a> (519 to 534), King of Wessex;<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-30">[30]</a></li> <li>H3i found in Ireland and Scotland;</li> <li>H3j found in Italy;</li> <li>H3v found especially in Germanic countries and;</li> <li>H3z found in Atlantic Europe.</li> </ul> The basal H3* haplogroup is found among the Tuareg inhabiting the Gossi area in Mali (4.76%).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Pereira2010-22">[22]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="H5">H5</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: H5" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H5_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup H5 (mtDNA)">Haplogroup H5 (mtDNA)</a> </div> H5 may have evolved in West Asia, where it is most frequent and diverse in the Western Caucasus. However, its H5a subclade has a stronger representation in Europe, though at low levels.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-U._Roostalu_2007_pp._436%E2%80%93448-31">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="H2,_H6_and_H8">H2, H6 and H8</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: H2, H6 and H8" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> The H2, H6 and H8 haplogroups are somewhat common in Eastern Europe and the Caucasus.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Pereira-19">[19]</a> They may be the most common H subclades among Central Asians and have also been found in West Asia.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Loogv%C3%A4li-20">[20]</a> H2a5 has been found in the Basque Country, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pmid19340307-32">[32]</a> and in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Norway?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Norway">Norway</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ireland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ireland">Ireland</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Slovakia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pmid18853457-3">[3]</a> H6a1a1a is common among Ashkenazi Jews.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pmid24104924-33">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="H4">H4</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: H4" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> H4 is often found in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pmid19340307-32">[32]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Great_Britain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Great Britain">Britain</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ireland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ireland">Ireland</a> at levels between 1-5% of the population. It is associated with Neolithic migrations. H4 and H13, along with H2 account for 42% of the hg H lineages in Egypt.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-34">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="H7">H7</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: H7" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> The H7 subhaplogroup is present in both Europe and West Asia. Its subclade H7c1 is present in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Druze?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Druze">Druze</a> people and in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saudi_Arabia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-35">[35]</a> H7c2 is present in such peoples as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jews?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ashkenazi Jews">Ashkenazi Jews</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sardinians?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sardinians">Sardinians</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dutch_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dutch people">Dutch people</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-36">[36]</a> H7e is present in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jews?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ashkenazi Jews">Ashkenazi Jews</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germans">Germans</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sardinians?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sardinians">Sardinians</a>, and others.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-37">[37]</a> H7a1b is found today in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Scotland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/England?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="England">England</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Denmark?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Finland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Finland">Finland</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sardinia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sardinia">Sardinia</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-38">[38]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="H9">H9</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: H9" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> H9 is present in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yemenis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yemenis">Yemenis</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-39">[39]</a> The subclade H9a exists in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Welsh_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Welsh people">Welsh people</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-40">[40]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Calabria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Calabria">Calabrians</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-41">[41]</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Crimean_Karaites?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Crimean Karaites">Crimean Karaites</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-42">[42]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-43">[43]</a> H9a samples were recovered from two ancient people in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lebanon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-44">[44]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="H10">H10</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: H10" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Haplogroup H10 is subclade which came into existence between 6,300 and 10,900 years ago. Its descendant branches are H10a, H10b, H10c, H10d, H10e, H10f, H10g, and H10h.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-45">[45]</a> Haplogroup <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H10e_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup H10e (mtDNA)">H10e</a> has been found at a neolithic site, namely the Bom Santo cave near Lisbon. This is the oldest sample of H10 which has ever been found and it has been dated to 3735 BCE (+- 45 years).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-46">[46]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="H11">H11</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: H11" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> H11 is commonly found in Central Europe.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pmid19340307-32">[32]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="H12">H12</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: H12" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italians?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italians">Italians</a> are notable carriers of H12 and its two branches. H12a has been detected in such regions as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sicily?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sicily">Sicily</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-47">[47]</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Calabria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Calabria">Calabria</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-48">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="H13">H13</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: H13" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> The H13 subhaplogroup is present in both Europe and West Asia. H13 is also found in the Caucasus; H13c was found in a 9,700 year old sample in Mesolithic Georgia<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-49">[49]</a> and H13a2a and H13a2b are found in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Armenians?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Armenians">Armenians</a> in Armenia.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-50">[50]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-51">[51]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="H14">H14</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: H14" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> The root level of H14 is found in northwestern Europeans, such as in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ireland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> Its subclade H14a is encountered among such populations as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Armenians?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Armenians">Armenians</a> from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Turkey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-53">[53]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sardinian_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sardinian people">Sardinians</a> from Italy,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-54">[54]</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Persian_Jews?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Jews">Persian Jews</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Iraq?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="History of the Jews in Iraq">Iraqi Jews</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-55">[55]</a> The branch H14a2 is present among <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Romani_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Romani people">Romani people</a> from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spain">Spain</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-56">[56]</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Croats?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Croats">Croats</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-57">[57]</a> and is common in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iran?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iran">Iran</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> Its subclade H14b has a presence in many European and West Asian populations including <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Assyrian_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Assyrian people">Assyrian people</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-58">[58]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Persians?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Persians">Persians</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-59">[59]</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Armenians?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Armenians">Armenians</a> from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iran?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iran">Iran</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-60">[60]</a> and people in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tuscany?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tuscany">Tuscany</a> (central Italy),<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-61">[61]</a> Switzerland, Germany, Ireland, Spain, and Qatar.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> The branch H14b1 is especially prevalent in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="France">France</a> but also found in neighboring <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monaco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monaco">Monaco</a> and in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Scotland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> The branch H14b3 has been found in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Armenians?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Armenians">Armenians</a> from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nagorno-Karabakh">Artsakh</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-62">[62]</a> and people from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Armenia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Armenia">Armenia</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Turkey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saudi_Arabia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italy">Italy</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Scotland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> H14b4 is in Italy and Germany.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="H15">H15</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: H15" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> H15 includes the base level and the branches H15a and H15b. H15a1b is present in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Greeks?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Greeks">Greeks</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-63">[63]</a> H15b is present in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Armenians?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Armenians">Armenians</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Druze?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Druze">Druze</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jews?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ashkenazi Jews">Ashkenazi Jews</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Danes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Danes">Danes</a>, and other peoples of Europe and the Near East.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-64">[64]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="H16">H16</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=17&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: H16" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> H16 is encountered in numerous European populations, such as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Norway?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Norway">Norway</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/England?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="England">England</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> Its subclade H16a is found in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Czechs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Czechs">Czechs</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-65">[65]</a> and in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germany?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Scotland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Netherlands?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> H16a1 is similarly found in Europe, including in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Denmark?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-66">[66]</a> H16b is another common branch and among other places is present in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sardinia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sardinia">Sardinia</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-67">[67]</a> H16c was found in archaeological human remains from Iron Age cemetery in Lejasbitēni, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latvia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>;<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-68">[68]</a> it is currently found in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sweden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Great_Britain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Great Britain">Great Britain</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lithuania?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Poland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Poland">Poland</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germany?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latvia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latvia">Latvia</a> and elsewhere.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> H16d is found in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italy">Italy</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="France">France</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ireland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/England?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="England">England</a>, and other parts of Europe.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> H16e is especially common in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sweden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> In July 2008 ancient mtDNA from an individual called <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paglicci_23?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paglicci 23">Paglicci 23</a>, whose remains were dated to 28,000 years ago and excavated from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paglicci_Cave?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paglicci Cave">Paglicci Cave</a> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Apulia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apulia">Apulia</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italy">Italy</a>), were found to be identical to the Cambridge Reference Sequence in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/HVR1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="HVR1">HVR1</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pmid18628960-5">[5]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="H17">H17</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=18&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: H17" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> H17 is especially prevalent in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ireland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ireland">Ireland</a> but also found in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/England?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="England">England</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Scotland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wales?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wales">Wales</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sweden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germany?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germany">Germany</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> H17a is similarly found across Europe, such as in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sardinia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sardinia">Sardinia</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-69">[69]</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lithuania?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="H18">H18</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=19&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: H18" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> H18 occurs on the Arabian Peninsula. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ennafaa-70">[70]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="H20_and_H21">H20 and H21</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=20&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: H20 and H21" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> These haplogroups are both found in the Caucasus region.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-U._Roostalu_2007_pp._436%E2%80%93448-31">[31]</a> H20 also appears at low levels in the Iberian Peninsula (less than 1%), Arabian Peninsula (1%) and Near East (2%).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ennafaa-70">[70]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="H22_through_H95a">H22 through H95a</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=21&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: H22 through H95a" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> These subclades are found mostly in Europe, South-West Asia and Central Asia. H24 is found in Romance-speaking countries' populations (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="France">France</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spain">Spain</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Romani_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Romani people">Romani people</a> from Spain)<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-71">[71]</a> as well as in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germany?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ireland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Scotland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/England?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="England">England</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> H45 is found in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ireland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ireland">Ireland</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spain">Spain</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> Its subclade H45a is especially found in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Finland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Finland">Finland</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-72">[72]</a> but also found in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sweden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> H45b exists among multiple kinds of western Europeans, including people in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ireland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-73">[73]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Scotland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/England?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="England">England</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germany?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germany">Germany</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> H47 has been found in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Syria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Syria">Syria</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italy">Italy</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Armenians?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Armenians">Armenians</a> and infrequently in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jews?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ashkenazi Jews">Ashkenazi Jews</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Its subclade H47a is exclusively European, being found in such countries as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/England?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="England">England</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ireland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Czech_Republic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Czech Republic">Czechia</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bulgaria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> H53 is encountered in such countries as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spain">Spain</a> (including among <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Basques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Basques">Basques</a>)<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-75">[75]</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Poland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Poland">Poland</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-76">[76]</a> and as far east as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Xinjiang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a> in western China (among <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Uyghurs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Uyghurs">Uyghurs</a>).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-77">[77]</a> H69 is a European branch found in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Finns?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Finns">Finns</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-78">[78]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Irish_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Irish people">Irish people</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-79">[79]</a> and inhabitants of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sweden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germany?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germany">Germany</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Switzerland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> H91a is associated with the Uyghur ethnic minority of western China.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-80">[80]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="H96_and_above">H96 and above</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=22&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: H96 and above" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> These were the most recently discovered and named major branches of H. H105 is found in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italy">Italy</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hungary?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> H106 is found in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italy">Italy</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="France">France</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Austria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Austria">Austria</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/England?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="England">England</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germany?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germany">Germany</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTDNA-52">[52]</a> H107 is encountered in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Russia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Russia">Russia</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-81">[81]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <h2 id="Tree">Tree</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=23&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Tree" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Phylogeny_of_haplogroup_H.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Phylogeny_of_haplogroup_H.png/220px-Phylogeny_of_haplogroup_H.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2067" data-file-height="1184"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 126px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Phylogeny_of_haplogroup_H.png/220px-Phylogeny_of_haplogroup_H.png" data-width="220" data-height="126" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Phylogeny_of_haplogroup_H.png/330px-Phylogeny_of_haplogroup_H.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Phylogeny_of_haplogroup_H.png/440px-Phylogeny_of_haplogroup_H.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Phylogenetic tree of haplogroup H </figcaption> </figure> This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup H subclades is based on Build 17 (February 2016) of the Phylotree, an internationally accepted standard.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-82">[82]</a> The full tree can be viewed at Phylotree. <table class="talk collapsed collapsible"> <tbody> <tr> <th>mtDNA HG "H" p-tree</th> </tr> <tr style="text-align: left;"> <th> <ul> <li>HV <ul> <li>H <ul> <li>H1</li> <li>H2</li> <li>H3</li> <li>H4</li> <li>H5'36</li> <li>H6</li> <li>H7</li> <li>(T195C!) <ul> <li>(T146C!) <ul> <li>H8</li> <li>H31</li> </ul></li> <li>H11</li> <li>H12</li> <li>H91</li> <li>H108</li> </ul></li> <li>(T152C!) <ul> <li>H9</li> <li>H32</li> <li>H46</li> <li>H52</li> <li>H53</li> <li>H69</li> <li>H103</li> <li>H107</li> </ul></li> <li>H10</li> <li>H13</li> <li>H14</li> <li>H15</li> <li>H16</li> <li>H-G16129A! <ul> <li>H17</li> <li>H27</li> </ul></li> <li>H18</li> <li>H20</li> <li>H21</li> <li>H22</li> <li>H23</li> <li>H24</li> <li>H25</li> <li>H26</li> <li>H28</li> <li>H29</li> <li>H30</li> <li>H33</li> <li>(C16291T) <ul> <li>H34</li> <li>H64</li> <li>H85</li> </ul></li> <li>H35</li> <li>H39</li> <li>H40</li> <li>H41</li> <li>H42</li> <li>H43</li> <li>H44</li> <li>H45</li> <li>H47</li> <li>H48</li> <li>H49</li> <li>H50</li> <li>H51</li> <li>H53</li> <li>H54</li> <li>H55</li> <li>H56</li> <li>H57</li> <li>H58</li> <li>H59</li> <li>H60</li> <li>H61</li> <li>H62</li> <li>H63</li> <li>H65</li> <li>H66</li> <li>H67</li> <li>H70</li> <li>H71</li> <li>H72</li> <li>H73</li> <li>H74</li> <li>H75</li> <li>H76</li> <li>H77</li> <li>H78</li> <li>H79</li> <li>H80</li> <li>H81</li> <li>H82</li> <li>H83</li> <li>H84</li> <li>H86</li> <li>H87</li> <li>H88</li> <li>H89</li> <li>H90</li> <li>H92</li> <li>H93</li> <li>H94</li> <li>H95</li> <li>H96</li> <li>H100</li> <li>H101</li> <li>H102</li> <li>H104</li> <li>H105</li> <li>H106</li> </ul></li> </ul></li> </ul></th> </tr> </tbody> </table> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <h2 id="Genetic_traits">Genetic traits</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=24&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Genetic traits" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> Haplogroup H was found as a possible increased risk factor for <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ischemic_cardiomyopathy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ischemic cardiomyopathy">ischemic cardiomyopathy</a> development.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Fernandez-Caggiano-83">[83]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <h2 id="Popular_culture">Popular culture</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=25&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Popular culture" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <ul> <li>In his popular book <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Seven_Daughters_of_Eve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Seven Daughters of Eve">The Seven Daughters of Eve</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bryan_Sykes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bryan Sykes">Bryan Sykes</a> named the originator of this mtDNA haplogroup Helena. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stephen_Oppenheimer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stephen Oppenheimer">Stephen Oppenheimer</a> uses the very similar name Helina in his book The Origins of the British.</li> <li>Palaeoanthropologist <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Meave_Leakey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Meave Leakey">Meave Leakey</a> is a carrier of haplogroup H.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-84">[84]</a></li> <li>Professional genealogist <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Megan_Smolenyak?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Megan Smolenyak">Megan Smolenyak</a> carries haplogroup H.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-85">[85]</a></li> <li>Commentator <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/David_Brooks_(commentator)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="David Brooks (commentator)">David Brooks</a> has a mtDNA haplogroup within H.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-86">[86]</a></li> <li>Actress <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kyra_Sedgwick?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kyra Sedgwick">Kyra Sedgwick</a> belongs to haplogroup H1.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-87">[87]</a></li> <li>Dr. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mehmet_Oz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mehmet Oz">Mehmet Oz</a> is a member of haplogroup H2a1.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-88">[88]</a></li> <li>Actor <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kevin_Bacon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kevin Bacon">Kevin Bacon</a> belongs to haplogroup H6.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-89">[89]</a></li> <li>Author and journalist <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/A.J._Jacobs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="A.J. Jacobs">A.J. Jacobs</a> belongs to haplogroup H7.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-90">[90]</a></li> <li>Actress <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mila_Kunis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mila Kunis">Mila Kunis</a> belongs to haplogroup H7.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-91">[91]</a></li> <li>Politician <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bernie_Sanders?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bernie Sanders">Bernie Sanders</a> carries haplogroup H11a.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-92">[92]</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=26&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style> <div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 40px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="30" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"> Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Haplogroup H (mtDNA)">Haplogroup H (mtDNA)</a>. </div> </div> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Genealogical_DNA_test?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Genealogical DNA test">Genealogical DNA test</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Genetic_genealogy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Genetic genealogy">Genetic genealogy</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Human_mitochondrial_genetics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Human mitochondrial genetics">Human mitochondrial genetics</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Population_genetics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Population genetics">Population genetics</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/SNPedia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="SNPedia">SNPedia</a></li> </ul> <table width="620" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin:1em auto; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #111 solid; font-size: 100%; text-align:center"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="background:#ccf; border-bottom: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center;" colspan="40">Phylogenetic tree of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Human_mitochondrial_DNA_haplogroup?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup">human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="10" rowspan="8"> </td> <td width="170" colspan="16" style="font-size:90%"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mitochondrial_Eve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mitochondrial Eve">Mitochondrial Eve</a> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Macro-haplogroup_L_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Macro-haplogroup L (mtDNA)">L</a>)</td> <td width="430" colspan="22"> </td> <td width="10" rowspan="8"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="25" rowspan="7" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_L0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup L0">L0</a></td> <td width="300" colspan="14" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right">L1–6</td> <td width="275" colspan="23"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="25" rowspan="6" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_L1_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup L1 (mtDNA)">L1</a></td> <td width="25" rowspan="6" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_L2_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup L2 (mtDNA)">L2</a></td> <td width="46" colspan="3" rowspan="2" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid;"> </td> <td width="140" colspan="13" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_L3_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup L3 (mtDNA)">L3</a></td> <td width="290" colspan="15" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left"> </td> <td width="10" rowspan="6" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left"> </td> <td width="25" rowspan="6" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_L4_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup L4 (mtDNA)">L4</a></td> <td width="25" rowspan="6" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_L5_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup L5 (mtDNA)">L5</a></td> <td width="20" rowspan="6" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_L6_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup L6 (mtDNA)">L6</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="120" colspan="7" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_M_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup M (mtDNA)">M</a></td> <td width="120" colspan="6" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_N_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup N (mtDNA)">N</a></td> <td width="180" colspan="15"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="30" colspan="2" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_CZ_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup CZ (mtDNA)">CZ</a></td> <td width="20" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_D_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup D (mtDNA)">D</a></td> <td width="20" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_E_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup E (mtDNA)">E</a></td> <td width="20" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_G_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup G (mtDNA)">G</a></td> <td width="20" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_Q_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup Q (mtDNA)">Q</a></td> <td width="30" rowspan="4" style="vertical-align:top;"> </td> <td width="25" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_O_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup O (mtDNA)">O</a></td> <td width="25" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_A_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup A (mtDNA)">A</a></td> <td width="25" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_S_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup S (mtDNA)">S</a></td> <td width="100" colspan="13" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_R_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup R (mtDNA)">R</a></td> <td width="10" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid;"> </td> <td width="10" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_I_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup I (mtDNA)">I</a></td> <td width="20" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_W_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup W (mtDNA)">W</a></td> <td width="20" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_X_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup X (mtDNA)">X</a></td> <td width="10" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_Y_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup Y (mtDNA)">Y</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="15" rowspan="3" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_C_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup C (mtDNA)">C</a></td> <td width="15" rowspan="3" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_Z?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup Z">Z</a></td> <td width="20" rowspan="3" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_B_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup B (mtDNA)">B</a></td> <td width="20" rowspan="3" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_F_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup F (mtDNA)">F</a></td> <td width="30" colspan="2" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_R0_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup R0 (mtDNA)">R0</a></td> <td width="10" rowspan="3" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center"> </td> <td width="30" colspan="2" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center; white-space: nowrap"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_pre-JT?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup pre-JT">pre-JT</a></td> <td width="10" colspan="2" rowspan="3" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center"> </td> <td width="20" colspan="2" rowspan="3" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_P_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup P (mtDNA)">P</a></td> <td width="10" rowspan="3" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center"> </td> <td width="10" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_U_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup U (mtDNA)">U</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="30" colspan="2" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_HV_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup HV (mtDNA)">HV</a></td> <td width="30" colspan="2" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_JT_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup JT (mtDNA)">JT</a></td> <td width="15" rowspan="2" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup K (mtDNA)">K</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="15" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">H</a></td> <td width="15" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_V_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup V (mtDNA)">V</a></td> <td width="15" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_J_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup J (mtDNA)">J</a></td> <td width="15" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_T_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup T (mtDNA)">T</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=27&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style> <div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-achilli2004-1">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-achilli2004_1-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-achilli2004_1-1">b</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-achilli2004_1-2">c</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-achilli2004_1-3">d</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-achilli2004_1-4">e</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-achilli2004_1-5">f</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAchilliRengoMagriBattaglia2004" class="citation journal cs1">Achilli A, Rengo C, Magri C, Battaglia V, Olivieri A, Scozzari R, et al. (November 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1182122">"The molecular dissection of mtDNA haplogroup H confirms that the Franco-Cantabrian glacial refuge was a major source for the European gene pool"</a>. American Journal of Human Genetics. 75 (5): 910–8. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1086%252F425590">10.1086/425590</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1182122">1182122</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15382008">15382008</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Human+Genetics&rft.atitle=The+molecular+dissection+of+mtDNA+haplogroup+H+confirms+that+the+Franco-Cantabrian+glacial+refuge+was+a+major+source+for+the+European+gene+pool&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=910-8&rft.date=2004-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1182122%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15382008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F425590&rft.aulast=Achilli&rft.aufirst=A&rft.au=Rengo%2C+C&rft.au=Magri%2C+C&rft.au=Battaglia%2C+V&rft.au=Olivieri%2C+A&rft.au=Scozzari%2C+R&rft.au=Cruciani%2C+F&rft.au=Zeviani%2C+M&rft.au=Briem%2C+E&rft.au=Carelli%2C+V&rft.au=Moral%2C+P&rft.au=Dugoujon%2C+JM&rft.au=Roostalu%2C+U&rft.au=Loogv%C3%A4li%2C+EL&rft.au=Kivisild%2C+T&rft.au=Bandelt%2C+HJ&rft.au=Richards%2C+M&rft.au=Villems%2C+R&rft.au=Santachiara-Benerecetti%2C+AS&rft.au=Semino%2C+O&rft.au=Torroni%2C+A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1182122&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227223213/https://www.yfull.com/mtree/H144/">"H144 MTree"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.yfull.com/mtree/H144/">the original</a> on 2023-02-27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=H144+MTree&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yfull.com%2Fmtree%2FH144%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-pmid18853457-3">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-pmid18853457_3-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-pmid18853457_3-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFvan_OvenKayser2009" class="citation journal cs1">van Oven M, Kayser M (February 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1002%252Fhumu.20921">"Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation"</a>. Human Mutation. 30 (2): E386–94. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1002%252Fhumu.20921">10.1002/humu.20921</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18853457">18853457</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:27566749">27566749</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Mutation&rft.atitle=Updated+comprehensive+phylogenetic+tree+of+global+human+mitochondrial+DNA+variation&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=E386-94&rft.date=2009-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A27566749%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18853457&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fhumu.20921&rft.aulast=van+Oven&rft.aufirst=M&rft.au=Kayser%2C+M&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1002%252Fhumu.20921&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeharvan_OvenRossetMetspalu2012" class="citation journal cs1">Behar DM, van Oven M, Rosset S, Metspalu M, Loogväli EL, Silva NM, et al. (April 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3322232">"A "Copernican" reassessment of the human mitochondrial DNA tree from its root"</a>. American Journal of Human Genetics. 90 (4): 675–84. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1016%252Fj.ajhg.2012.03.002">10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.03.002</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3322232">3322232</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22482806">22482806</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Human+Genetics&rft.atitle=A+%22Copernican%22+reassessment+of+the+human+mitochondrial+DNA+tree+from+its+root&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=675-84&rft.date=2012-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3322232%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22482806&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.ajhg.2012.03.002&rft.aulast=Behar&rft.aufirst=DM&rft.au=van+Oven%2C+M&rft.au=Rosset%2C+S&rft.au=Metspalu%2C+M&rft.au=Loogv%C3%A4li%2C+EL&rft.au=Silva%2C+NM&rft.au=Kivisild%2C+T&rft.au=Torroni%2C+A&rft.au=Villems%2C+R&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3322232&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-pmid18628960-5">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-pmid18628960_5-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-pmid18628960_5-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaramelliMilaniVaiModi2008" class="citation journal cs1">Caramelli D, Milani L, Vai S, Modi A, Pecchioli E, Girardi M, et al. (July 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2444030">"A 28,000 years old Cro-Magnon mtDNA sequence differs from all potentially contaminating modern sequences"</a>. PLOS ONE. 3 (7): e2700. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008PLoSO...3.2700C">2008PLoSO...3.2700C</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1371%252Fjournal.pone.0002700">10.1371/journal.pone.0002700</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2444030">2444030</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18628960">18628960</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+ONE&rft.atitle=A+28%2C000+years+old+Cro-Magnon+mtDNA+sequence+differs+from+all+potentially+contaminating+modern+sequences&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=e2700&rft.date=2008-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2444030%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18628960&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0002700&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2008PLoSO...3.2700C&rft.aulast=Caramelli&rft.aufirst=D&rft.au=Milani%2C+L&rft.au=Vai%2C+S&rft.au=Modi%2C+A&rft.au=Pecchioli%2C+E&rft.au=Girardi%2C+M&rft.au=Pilli%2C+E&rft.au=Lari%2C+M&rft.au=Lippi%2C+B&rft.au=Ronchitelli%2C+A&rft.au=Mallegni%2C+F&rft.au=Casoli%2C+A&rft.au=Bertorelle%2C+G&rft.au=Barbujani%2C+G&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2444030&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-pmid23612305-6"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-pmid23612305_6-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrothertonHaakTempletonBrandt2013" class="citation journal cs1">Brotherton P, Haak W, Templeton J, Brandt G, Soubrier J, Jane Adler C, et al. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3978205">"Neolithic mitochondrial haplogroup H genomes and the genetic origins of Europeans"</a>. Nature Communications. 4: 1764. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013NatCo...4.1764.">2013NatCo...4.1764.</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1038%252Fncomms2656">10.1038/ncomms2656</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3978205">3978205</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23612305">23612305</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Communications&rft.atitle=Neolithic+mitochondrial+haplogroup+H+genomes+and+the+genetic+origins+of+Europeans&rft.volume=4&rft.pages=1764&rft.date=2013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3978205%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23612305&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fncomms2656&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2013NatCo...4.1764.&rft.aulast=Brotherton&rft.aufirst=P&rft.au=Haak%2C+W&rft.au=Templeton%2C+J&rft.au=Brandt%2C+G&rft.au=Soubrier%2C+J&rft.au=Jane+Adler%2C+C&rft.au=Richards%2C+SM&rft.au=Der+Sarkissian%2C+C&rft.au=Ganslmeier%2C+R&rft.au=Friederich%2C+S&rft.au=Dresely%2C+V&rft.au=van+Oven%2C+M&rft.au=Kenyon%2C+R&rft.au=Van+der+Hoek%2C+MB&rft.au=Korlach%2C+J&rft.au=Luong%2C+K&rft.au=Ho%2C+SY&rft.au=Quintana-Murci%2C+L&rft.au=Behar%2C+DM&rft.au=Meller%2C+H&rft.au=Alt%2C+KW&rft.au=Cooper%2C+A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3978205&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-pmid28235025-7"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-pmid28235025_7-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNikitinPotekhinaRohlandMallick2017" class="citation journal cs1">Nikitin AG, Potekhina I, Rohland N, Mallick S, Reich D, Lillie M (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5325568">"Mitochondrial DNA analysis of eneolithic trypillians from Ukraine reveals neolithic farming genetic roots"</a>. PLOS ONE. 12 (2): e0172952. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017PLoSO..1272952N">2017PLoSO..1272952N</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1371%252Fjournal.pone.0172952">10.1371/journal.pone.0172952</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5325568">5325568</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28235025">28235025</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+ONE&rft.atitle=Mitochondrial+DNA+analysis+of+eneolithic+trypillians+from+Ukraine+reveals+neolithic+farming+genetic+roots&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=e0172952&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5325568%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28235025&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0172952&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2017PLoSO..1272952N&rft.aulast=Nikitin&rft.aufirst=AG&rft.au=Potekhina%2C+I&rft.au=Rohland%2C+N&rft.au=Mallick%2C+S&rft.au=Reich%2C+D&rft.au=Lillie%2C+M&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5325568&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-pmid28556824-8"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-pmid28556824_8-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchuenemannPeltzerWeltevan_Pelt2017" class="citation journal cs1">Schuenemann VJ, Peltzer A, Welte B, van Pelt WP, Molak M, Wang CC, et al. (May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5459999">"Ancient Egyptian mummy genomes suggest an increase of Sub-Saharan African ancestry in post-Roman periods"</a>. Nature Communications. 8: 15694. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017NatCo...815694S">2017NatCo...815694S</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1038%252Fncomms15694">10.1038/ncomms15694</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5459999">5459999</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28556824">28556824</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Communications&rft.atitle=Ancient+Egyptian+mummy+genomes+suggest+an+increase+of+Sub-Saharan+African+ancestry+in+post-Roman+periods&rft.volume=8&rft.pages=15694&rft.date=2017-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5459999%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28556824&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fncomms15694&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2017NatCo...815694S&rft.aulast=Schuenemann&rft.aufirst=VJ&rft.au=Peltzer%2C+A&rft.au=Welte%2C+B&rft.au=van+Pelt%2C+WP&rft.au=Molak%2C+M&rft.au=Wang%2C+CC&rft.au=Furtw%C3%A4ngler%2C+A&rft.au=Urban%2C+C&rft.au=Reiter%2C+E&rft.au=Nieselt%2C+K&rft.au=Te%C3%9Fmann%2C+B&rft.au=Francken%2C+M&rft.au=Harvati%2C+K&rft.au=Haak%2C+W&rft.au=Schiffels%2C+S&rft.au=Krause%2C+J&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5459999&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSirakFrenandesNovakVan_Gerven2016" class="citation journal cs1">Sirak K, Frenandes D, Novak M, Van Gerven D, Pinhasi R (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bib.irb.hr/prikazi-rad?%26lang%3DEN%26rad%3D824672">"Abstract Book of the IUAES Inter-Congress 2016 – A community divided? Revealing the community genome(s) of Medieval Kulubnarti using next- generation sequencing"</a>. Abstract Book of the Iuaes Inter-Congress 2016. IUAES: 115.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstract+Book+of+the+Iuaes+Inter-Congress+2016&rft.atitle=Abstract+Book+of+the+IUAES+Inter-Congress+2016+%E2%80%93+A+community+divided%3F+Revealing+the+community+genome%28s%29+of+Medieval+Kulubnarti+using+next-+generation+sequencing&rft.pages=115&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Sirak&rft.aufirst=K&rft.au=Frenandes%2C+D&rft.au=Novak%2C+M&rft.au=Van+Gerven%2C+D&rft.au=Pinhasi%2C+R&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbib.irb.hr%2Fprikazi-rad%3F%26lang%3DEN%26rad%3D824672&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-pmid15827561-10"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-pmid15827561_10-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGhezziMarelliAchilliGoldwurm2005" class="citation journal cs1">Ghezzi D, Marelli C, Achilli A, Goldwurm S, Pezzoli G, Barone P, et al. (June 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1038%252Fsj.ejhg.5201425">"Mitochondrial DNA haplogroup K is associated with a lower risk of Parkinson's disease in Italians"</a>. European Journal of Human Genetics. 13 (6): 748–52. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1038%252Fsj.ejhg.5201425">10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201425</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hdl.handle.net/2434%252F781361">2434/781361</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15827561">15827561</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Human+Genetics&rft.atitle=Mitochondrial+DNA+haplogroup+K+is+associated+with+a+lower+risk+of+Parkinson%27s+disease+in+Italians&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=748-52&rft.date=2005-06&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2434%2F781361&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15827561&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fsj.ejhg.5201425&rft.aulast=Ghezzi&rft.aufirst=D&rft.au=Marelli%2C+C&rft.au=Achilli%2C+A&rft.au=Goldwurm%2C+S&rft.au=Pezzoli%2C+G&rft.au=Barone%2C+P&rft.au=Pellecchia%2C+MT&rft.au=Stanzione%2C+P&rft.au=Brusa%2C+L&rft.au=Bentivoglio%2C+AR&rft.au=Bonuccelli%2C+U&rft.au=Petrozzi%2C+L&rft.au=Abbruzzese%2C+G&rft.au=Marchese%2C+R&rft.au=Cortelli%2C+P&rft.au=Grimaldi%2C+D&rft.au=Martinelli%2C+P&rft.au=Ferrarese%2C+C&rft.au=Garavaglia%2C+B&rft.au=Sangiorgi%2C+S&rft.au=Carelli%2C+V&rft.au=Torroni%2C+A&rft.au=Albanese%2C+A&rft.au=Zeviani%2C+M&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1038%252Fsj.ejhg.5201425&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSykes2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bryan_Sykes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bryan Sykes">Sykes B</a> (2001). <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Seven_Daughters_of_Eve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Seven Daughters of Eve">The Seven Daughters of Eve</a>. London; New York: Bantam Press. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0393020182?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-0393020182"><bdi>978-0393020182</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Seven+Daughters+of+Eve&rft.place=London%3B+New+York&rft.pub=Bantam+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0393020182&rft.aulast=Sykes&rft.aufirst=Bryan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20170715205636/http://www.oxfordancestors.com/content/view/35/55/">"Maternal Ancestry"</a>. Oxford Ancestors. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.oxfordancestors.com/content/view/35/55/">the original</a> on 15 July 2017. Retrieved 7 February 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Maternal+Ancestry&rft.pub=Oxford+Ancestors&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordancestors.com%2Fcontent%2Fview%2F35%2F55%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726092949/https://genographic.nationalgeographic.com/genographic/atlas.html?card%3Dmm024">"Haplogroup H"</a>. Atlas of the Human Journey – The Genographic Project. National Geographic. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://genographic.nationalgeographic.com/genographic/atlas.html?card%3Dmm024">the original</a> on July 26, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Atlas+of+the+Human+Journey+%E2%80%93+The+Genographic+Project&rft.atitle=Haplogroup+H&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenographic.nationalgeographic.com%2Fgenographic%2Fatlas.html%3Fcard%3Dmm024&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-Metspalu-14"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Metspalu_14-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMetspaluKivisildMetspaluParik2004" class="citation journal cs1">Metspalu M, Kivisild T, Metspalu E, Parik J, Hudjashov G, Kaldma K, et al. (August 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC516768">"Most of the extant mtDNA boundaries in south and southwest Asia were likely shaped during the initial settlement of Eurasia by anatomically modern humans"</a>. BMC Genetics. 5: 26. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1186%252F1471-2156-5-26">10.1186/1471-2156-5-26</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC516768">516768</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15339343">15339343</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Genetics&rft.atitle=Most+of+the+extant+mtDNA+boundaries+in+south+and+southwest+Asia+were+likely+shaped+during+the+initial+settlement+of+Eurasia+by+anatomically+modern+humans&rft.volume=5&rft.pages=26&rft.date=2004-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC516768%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15339343&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2F1471-2156-5-26&rft.aulast=Metspalu&rft.aufirst=M&rft.au=Kivisild%2C+T&rft.au=Metspalu%2C+E&rft.au=Parik%2C+J&rft.au=Hudjashov%2C+G&rft.au=Kaldma%2C+K&rft.au=Serk%2C+P&rft.au=Karmin%2C+M&rft.au=Behar%2C+DM&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+MT&rft.au=Endicott%2C+P&rft.au=Mastana%2C+S&rft.au=Papiha%2C+SS&rft.au=Skorecki%2C+K&rft.au=Torroni%2C+A&rft.au=Villems%2C+R&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC516768&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-Non2010-15">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Non2010_15-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Non2010_15-1">b</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Non2010_15-2">c</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Non2010_15-3">d</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Non2010_15-4">e</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Non2010_15-5">f</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Non2010_15-6">g</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Non2010_15-7">h</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNon" class="citation web cs1">Non A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013000218/http://etd.fcla.edu/UF/UFE0041981/non_a.pdf">"Analyses if Genetic Data Within A=an Interdisciplinary Framework to Investigate Recent Human Evolutionary History and Complex Disease"</a> (PDF). University of Florida. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://etd.fcla.edu/UF/UFE0041981/non_a.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 13 October 2020. Retrieved 3 May 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Analyses+if+Genetic+Data+Within+A%3Dan+Interdisciplinary+Framework+to+Investigate+Recent+Human+Evolutionary+History+and+Complex+Disease&rft.pub=University+of+Florida&rft.aulast=Non&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fetd.fcla.edu%2FUF%2FUFE0041981%2Fnon_a.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKujanováPereiraFernandesPereira2009" class="citation journal cs1">Kujanová M, Pereira L, Fernandes V, Pereira JB, Cerný V (October 2009). "Near eastern neolithic genetic input in a small oasis of the Egyptian Western Desert". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 140 (2): 336–46. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1002%252Fajpa.21078">10.1002/ajpa.21078</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19425100">19425100</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Physical+Anthropology&rft.atitle=Near+eastern+neolithic+genetic+input+in+a+small+oasis+of+the+Egyptian+Western+Desert&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=336-46&rft.date=2009-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fajpa.21078&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19425100&rft.aulast=Kujanov%C3%A1&rft.aufirst=M&rft.au=Pereira%2C+L&rft.au=Fernandes%2C+V&rft.au=Pereira%2C+JB&rft.au=Cern%C3%BD%2C+V&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-pmid14748828-17"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-pmid14748828_17-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStevanovitchGillesBouzaidKefi2004" class="citation journal cs1">Stevanovitch A, Gilles A, Bouzaid E, Kefi R, Paris F, Gayraud RP, et al. (January 2004). "Mitochondrial DNA sequence diversity in a sedentary population from Egypt". Annals of Human Genetics. 68 (Pt 1): 23–39. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1046%252Fj.1529-8817.2003.00057.x">10.1046/j.1529-8817.2003.00057.x</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14748828">14748828</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:44901197">44901197</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Human+Genetics&rft.atitle=Mitochondrial+DNA+sequence+diversity+in+a+sedentary+population+from+Egypt&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=Pt+1&rft.pages=23-39&rft.date=2004-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A44901197%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F14748828&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1046%2Fj.1529-8817.2003.00057.x&rft.aulast=Stevanovitch&rft.aufirst=A&rft.au=Gilles%2C+A&rft.au=Bouzaid%2C+E&rft.au=Kefi%2C+R&rft.au=Paris%2C+F&rft.au=Gayraud%2C+RP&rft.au=Spadoni%2C+JL&rft.au=El-Chenawi%2C+F&rft.au=B%C3%A9raud-Colomb%2C+E&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-Cerny2009-18"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Cerny2009_18-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCernýPereiraKujanováVasíková2009" class="citation journal cs1">Cerný V, Pereira L, Kujanová M, Vasíková A, Hájek M, Morris M, Mulligan CJ (April 2009). "Out of Arabia-the settlement of island Soqotra as revealed by mitochondrial and Y chromosome genetic diversity". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 138 (4): 439–47. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1002%252Fajpa.20960">10.1002/ajpa.20960</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19012329">19012329</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Physical+Anthropology&rft.atitle=Out+of+Arabia-the+settlement+of+island+Soqotra+as+revealed+by+mitochondrial+and+Y+chromosome+genetic+diversity&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=439-47&rft.date=2009-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fajpa.20960&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19012329&rft.aulast=Cern%C3%BD&rft.aufirst=V&rft.au=Pereira%2C+L&rft.au=Kujanov%C3%A1%2C+M&rft.au=Vas%C3%ADkov%C3%A1%2C+A&rft.au=H%C3%A1jek%2C+M&rft.au=Morris%2C+M&rft.au=Mulligan%2C+CJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-Pereira-19">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Pereira_19-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Pereira_19-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPereiraRichardsGoiosAlonso2005" class="citation journal cs1">Pereira L, Richards M, Goios A, Alonso A, Albarrán C, Garcia O, et al. (January 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC540273">"High-resolution mtDNA evidence for the late-glacial resettlement of Europe from an Iberian refugium"</a>. Genome Research. 15 (1): 19–24. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1101%252Fgr.3182305">10.1101/gr.3182305</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC540273">540273</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15632086">15632086</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genome+Research&rft.atitle=High-resolution+mtDNA+evidence+for+the+late-glacial+resettlement+of+Europe+from+an+Iberian+refugium&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=19-24&rft.date=2005-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC540273%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15632086&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1101%2Fgr.3182305&rft.aulast=Pereira&rft.aufirst=L&rft.au=Richards%2C+M&rft.au=Goios%2C+A&rft.au=Alonso%2C+A&rft.au=Albarr%C3%A1n%2C+C&rft.au=Garcia%2C+O&rft.au=Behar%2C+DM&rft.au=G%C3%B6lge%2C+M&rft.au=Hatina%2C+J&rft.au=Al-Gazali%2C+L&rft.au=Bradley%2C+DG&rft.au=Macaulay%2C+V&rft.au=Amorim%2C+A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC540273&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-Loogväli-20">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Loogv%C3%A4li_20-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Loogv%C3%A4li_20-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLoogväliRoostaluMalyarchukDerenko2004" class="citation journal cs1">Loogväli EL, Roostalu U, Malyarchuk BA, Derenko MV, Kivisild T, Metspalu E, et al. (November 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1093%252Fmolbev%252Fmsh209">"Disuniting uniformity: a pied cladistic canvas of mtDNA haplogroup H in Eurasia"</a>. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 21 (11): 2012–21. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1093%252Fmolbev%252Fmsh209">10.1093/molbev/msh209</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15254257">15254257</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Biology+and+Evolution&rft.atitle=Disuniting+uniformity%3A+a+pied+cladistic+canvas+of+mtDNA+haplogroup+H+in+Eurasia&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=2012-21&rft.date=2004-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsh209&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15254257&rft.aulast=Loogv%C3%A4li&rft.aufirst=EL&rft.au=Roostalu%2C+U&rft.au=Malyarchuk%2C+BA&rft.au=Derenko%2C+MV&rft.au=Kivisild%2C+T&rft.au=Metspalu%2C+E&rft.au=Tambets%2C+K&rft.au=Reidla%2C+M&rft.au=Tolk%2C+HV&rft.au=Parik%2C+J&rft.au=Pennarun%2C+E&rft.au=Laos%2C+S&rft.au=Lunkina%2C+A&rft.au=Golubenko%2C+M&rft.au=Barac%2C+L&rft.au=Pericic%2C+M&rft.au=Balanovsky%2C+OP&rft.au=Gusar%2C+V&rft.au=Khusnutdinova%2C+EK&rft.au=Stepanov%2C+V&rft.au=Puzyrev%2C+V&rft.au=Rudan%2C+P&rft.au=Balanovska%2C+EV&rft.au=Grechanina%2C+E&rft.au=Richard%2C+C&rft.au=Moisan%2C+JP&rft.au=Chaventr%C3%A9%2C+A&rft.au=Anagnou%2C+NP&rft.au=Pappa%2C+KI&rft.au=Michalodimitrakis%2C+EN&rft.au=Claustres%2C+M&rft.au=G%C3%B6lge%2C+M&rft.au=Mikerezi%2C+I&rft.au=Usanga%2C+E&rft.au=Villems%2C+R&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1093%252Fmolbev%252Fmsh209&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOttoniPrimativoHooshiar_KashaniAchilli2010" class="citation journal cs1">Ottoni C, Primativo G, Hooshiar Kashani B, Achilli A, Martínez-Labarga C, Biondi G, et al. (October 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2958834">"Mitochondrial haplogroup H1 in north Africa: an early holocene arrival from Iberia"</a>. PLOS ONE. 5 (10): e13378. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010PLoSO...513378O">2010PLoSO...513378O</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1371%252Fjournal.pone.0013378">10.1371/journal.pone.0013378</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2958834">2958834</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20975840">20975840</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+ONE&rft.atitle=Mitochondrial+haplogroup+H1+in+north+Africa%3A+an+early+holocene+arrival+from+Iberia&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=e13378&rft.date=2010-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2958834%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20975840&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0013378&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2010PLoSO...513378O&rft.aulast=Ottoni&rft.aufirst=C&rft.au=Primativo%2C+G&rft.au=Hooshiar+Kashani%2C+B&rft.au=Achilli%2C+A&rft.au=Mart%C3%ADnez-Labarga%2C+C&rft.au=Biondi%2C+G&rft.au=Torroni%2C+A&rft.au=Rickards%2C+O&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2958834&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-Pereira2010-22">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Pereira2010_22-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Pereira2010_22-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPereiraCernýCerezoSilva2010" class="citation journal cs1">Pereira L, Cerný V, Cerezo M, Silva NM, Hájek M, Vasíková A, et al. (August 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2987384">"Linking the sub-Saharan and West Eurasian gene pools: maternal and paternal heritage of the Tuareg nomads from the African Sahel"</a>. European Journal of Human Genetics. 18 (8): 915–23. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1038%252Fejhg.2010.21">10.1038/ejhg.2010.21</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2987384">2987384</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20234393">20234393</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Human+Genetics&rft.atitle=Linking+the+sub-Saharan+and+West+Eurasian+gene+pools%3A+maternal+and+paternal+heritage+of+the+Tuareg+nomads+from+the+African+Sahel&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=915-23&rft.date=2010-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2987384%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20234393&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fejhg.2010.21&rft.aulast=Pereira&rft.aufirst=L&rft.au=Cern%C3%BD%2C+V&rft.au=Cerezo%2C+M&rft.au=Silva%2C+NM&rft.au=H%C3%A1jek%2C+M&rft.au=Vas%C3%ADkov%C3%A1%2C+A&rft.au=Kujanov%C3%A1%2C+M&rft.au=Brdicka%2C+R&rft.au=Salas%2C+A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2987384&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKulichováFernandesDemeNováčková2017" class="citation journal cs1">Kulichová I, Fernandes V, Deme A, Nováčková J, Stenzl V, Novelletto A, et al. (October 2017). "Internal diversification of non-Sub-Saharan haplogroups in Sahelian populations and the spread of pastoralism beyond the Sahara". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 164 (2): 424–434. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1002%252Fajpa.23285">10.1002/ajpa.23285</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28736914">28736914</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Physical+Anthropology&rft.atitle=Internal+diversification+of+non-Sub-Saharan+haplogroups+in+Sahelian+populations+and+the+spread+of+pastoralism+beyond+the+Sahara&rft.volume=164&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=424-434&rft.date=2017-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fajpa.23285&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28736914&rft.aulast=Kulichov%C3%A1&rft.aufirst=I&rft.au=Fernandes%2C+V&rft.au=Deme%2C+A&rft.au=Nov%C3%A1%C4%8Dkov%C3%A1%2C+J&rft.au=Stenzl%2C+V&rft.au=Novelletto%2C+A&rft.au=Pereira%2C+L&rft.au=%C4%8Cern%C3%BD%2C+V&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-pmid29144465-24"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-pmid29144465_24-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLipsonSzécsényi-NagyMallickPósa2017" class="citation journal cs1">Lipson M, Szécsényi-Nagy A, Mallick S, Pósa A, Stégmár B, Keerl V, et al. (November 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5973800">"Parallel palaeogenomic transects reveal complex genetic history of early European farmers"</a>. Nature. 551 (7680): 368–372. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017Natur.551..368L">2017Natur.551..368L</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1038%252Fnature24476">10.1038/nature24476</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5973800">5973800</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29144465">29144465</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Parallel+palaeogenomic+transects+reveal+complex+genetic+history+of+early+European+farmers&rft.volume=551&rft.issue=7680&rft.pages=368-372&rft.date=2017-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5973800%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29144465&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnature24476&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2017Natur.551..368L&rft.aulast=Lipson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.au=Sz%C3%A9cs%C3%A9nyi-Nagy%2C+A&rft.au=Mallick%2C+S&rft.au=P%C3%B3sa%2C+A&rft.au=St%C3%A9gm%C3%A1r%2C+B&rft.au=Keerl%2C+V&rft.au=Rohland%2C+N&rft.au=Stewardson%2C+K&rft.au=Ferry%2C+M&rft.au=Michel%2C+M&rft.au=Oppenheimer%2C+J&rft.au=Broomandkhoshbacht%2C+N&rft.au=Harney%2C+E&rft.au=Nordenfelt%2C+S&rft.au=Llamas%2C+B&rft.au=Guszt%C3%A1v+Mende%2C+B&rft.au=K%C3%B6hler%2C+K&rft.au=Oross%2C+K&rft.au=Bond%C3%A1r%2C+M&rft.au=Marton%2C+T&rft.au=Oszt%C3%A1s%2C+A&rft.au=Jakucs%2C+J&rft.au=Paluch%2C+T&rft.au=Horv%C3%A1th%2C+F&rft.au=Csengeri%2C+P&rft.au=Ko%C3%B3s%2C+J&rft.au=Seb%C5%91k%2C+K&rft.au=Anders%2C+A&rft.au=Raczky%2C+P&rft.au=Regenye%2C+J&rft.au=Barna%2C+JP&rft.au=F%C3%A1bi%C3%A1n%2C+S&rft.au=Serlegi%2C+G&rft.au=Toldi%2C+Z&rft.au=Gy%C3%B6ngyv%C3%A9r+Nagy%2C+E&rft.au=Dani%2C+J&rft.au=Moln%C3%A1r%2C+E&rft.au=P%C3%A1lfi%2C+G&rft.au=M%C3%A1rk%2C+L&rft.au=Melegh%2C+B&rft.au=B%C3%A1nfai%2C+Z&rft.au=Dombor%C3%B3czki%2C+L&rft.au=Fern%C3%A1ndez-Eraso%2C+J&rft.au=Antonio+Mujika-Alustiza%2C+J&rft.au=Alonso+Fern%C3%A1ndez%2C+C&rft.au=Jim%C3%A9nez+Echevarr%C3%ADa%2C+J&rft.au=Bollongino%2C+R&rft.au=Orschiedt%2C+J&rft.au=Schierhold%2C+K&rft.au=Meller%2C+H&rft.au=Cooper%2C+A&rft.au=Burger%2C+J&rft.au=B%C3%A1nffy%2C+E&rft.au=Alt%2C+KW&rft.au=Lalueza-Fox%2C+C&rft.au=Haak%2C+W&rft.au=Reich%2C+D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5973800&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRodríguez-VarelaGüntherKrzewińskaStorå2017" class="citation journal cs1">Rodríguez-Varela R, Günther T, Krzewińska M, Storå J, Gillingwater TH, MacCallum M, et al. (November 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1016%252Fj.cub.2017.09.059">"Genomic Analyses of Pre-European Conquest Human Remains from the Canary Islands Reveal Close Affinity to Modern North Africans"</a>. Current Biology. 27 (21): 3396–3402.e5. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1016%252Fj.cub.2017.09.059">10.1016/j.cub.2017.09.059</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hdl.handle.net/2164%252F13526">2164/13526</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29107554">29107554</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Biology&rft.atitle=Genomic+Analyses+of+Pre-European+Conquest+Human+Remains+from+the+Canary+Islands+Reveal+Close+Affinity+to+Modern+North+Africans&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=21&rft.pages=3396-3402.e5&rft.date=2017-11&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2164%2F13526&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29107554&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.cub.2017.09.059&rft.aulast=Rodr%C3%ADguez-Varela&rft.aufirst=R&rft.au=G%C3%BCnther%2C+T&rft.au=Krzewi%C5%84ska%2C+M&rft.au=Stor%C3%A5%2C+J&rft.au=Gillingwater%2C+TH&rft.au=MacCallum%2C+M&rft.au=Arsuaga%2C+JL&rft.au=Dobney%2C+K&rft.au=Valdiosera%2C+C&rft.au=Jakobsson%2C+M&rft.au=G%C3%B6therstr%C3%B6m%2C+A&rft.au=Girdland-Flink%2C+L&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.cub.2017.09.059&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlejandraFregelTrujillo-MederosHervella2017" class="citation journal cs1">Alejandra C, Fregel R, Trujillo-Mederos A, Hervella M, De-La-Rúa C, Arnay-De-La-Rosa M (2017). "Genetic studies on the prehispanic population buried in Punta Azul cave (El Hierro, Canary Islands)". Journal of Archaeological Science. 78: 20–28. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017JArSc..78...20O">2017JArSc..78...20O</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1016%252Fj.jas.2016.11.004">10.1016/j.jas.2016.11.004</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Archaeological+Science&rft.atitle=Genetic+studies+on+the+prehispanic+population+buried+in+Punta+Azul+cave+%28El+Hierro%2C+Canary+Islands%29&rft.volume=78&rft.pages=20-28&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jas.2016.11.004&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2017JArSc..78...20O&rft.aulast=Alejandra&rft.aufirst=C&rft.au=Fregel%2C+R&rft.au=Trujillo-Mederos%2C+A&rft.au=Hervella%2C+M&rft.au=De-La-R%C3%BAa%2C+C&rft.au=Arnay-De-La-Rosa%2C+M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.eupedia.com/europe/origins_haplogroups_europe.shtml%23H">"Origins, spread and ethnic association of European haplogroups and subclades"</a>. Eupedia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Eupedia&rft.atitle=Origins%2C+spread+and+ethnic+association+of+European+haplogroups+and+subclades&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eupedia.com%2Feurope%2Forigins_haplogroups_europe.shtml%23H&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-eupedia.com-28">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-eupedia.com_28-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-eupedia.com_28-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHay" class="citation web cs1">Hay M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.eupedia.com/europe/Haplogroup_H_mtDNA.shtml">"Haplogroup H (mtDNA)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Haplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29&rft.aulast=Hay&rft.aufirst=Maciamo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eupedia.com%2Feurope%2FHaplogroup_H_mtDNA.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"> Access date 2015/10/02</li> <li id="cite_note-pmid19005266-29"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-pmid19005266_29-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHendricksonHutchesonRuiz-PesiniPoole2008" class="citation journal cs1">Hendrickson SL, Hutcheson HB, Ruiz-Pesini E, Poole JC, Lautenberger J, Sezgin E, et al. (November 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2699618">"Mitochondrial DNA haplogroups influence AIDS progression"</a>. AIDS. 22 (18): 2429–39. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1097%252FQAD.0b013e32831940bb">10.1097/QAD.0b013e32831940bb</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2699618">2699618</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19005266">19005266</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIDS&rft.atitle=Mitochondrial+DNA+haplogroups+influence+AIDS+progression&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=18&rft.pages=2429-39&rft.date=2008-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2699618%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19005266&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1097%2FQAD.0b013e32831940bb&rft.aulast=Hendrickson&rft.aufirst=SL&rft.au=Hutcheson%2C+HB&rft.au=Ruiz-Pesini%2C+E&rft.au=Poole%2C+JC&rft.au=Lautenberger%2C+J&rft.au=Sezgin%2C+E&rft.au=Kingsley%2C+L&rft.au=Goedert%2C+JJ&rft.au=Vlahov%2C+D&rft.au=Donfield%2C+S&rft.au=Wallace%2C+DC&rft.au=O%27Brien%2C+SJ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2699618&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mtdna_h3/default.aspx?section%3Dmtresults">"The Haplogroup H&HV mtGenome Project: H3"</a>. mtDNA Test Results for Members. Retrieved 2 October 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mtDNA+Test+Results+for+Members&rft.atitle=The+Haplogroup+H%26HV+mtGenome+Project%3A+H3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.familytreedna.com%2Fpublic%2Fmtdna_h3%2Fdefault.aspx%3Fsection%3Dmtresults&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-U._Roostalu_2007_pp._436–448-31">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-U._Roostalu_2007_pp._436%E2%80%93448_31-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-U._Roostalu_2007_pp._436%E2%80%93448_31-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoostaluKutuevLoogväliMetspalu2007" class="citation journal cs1">Roostalu U, Kutuev I, Loogväli EL, Metspalu E, Tambets K, Reidla M, et al. (February 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1093%252Fmolbev%252Fmsl173">"Origin and expansion of haplogroup H, the dominant human mitochondrial DNA lineage in West Eurasia: the Near Eastern and Caucasian perspective"</a>. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 24 (2): 436–48. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1093%252Fmolbev%252Fmsl173">10.1093/molbev/msl173</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17099056">17099056</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Biology+and+Evolution&rft.atitle=Origin+and+expansion+of+haplogroup+H%2C+the+dominant+human+mitochondrial+DNA+lineage+in+West+Eurasia%3A+the+Near+Eastern+and+Caucasian+perspective&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=436-48&rft.date=2007-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsl173&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17099056&rft.aulast=Roostalu&rft.aufirst=U&rft.au=Kutuev%2C+I&rft.au=Loogv%C3%A4li%2C+EL&rft.au=Metspalu%2C+E&rft.au=Tambets%2C+K&rft.au=Reidla%2C+M&rft.au=Khusnutdinova%2C+EK&rft.au=Usanga%2C+E&rft.au=Kivisild%2C+T&rft.au=Villems%2C+R&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1093%252Fmolbev%252Fmsl173&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-pmid19340307-32">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-pmid19340307_32-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-pmid19340307_32-1">b</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-pmid19340307_32-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlvarez-IglesiasMosquera-MiguelCerezoQuintáns2009" class="citation journal cs1">Alvarez-Iglesias V, Mosquera-Miguel A, Cerezo M, Quintáns B, Zarrabeitia MT, Cuscó I, et al. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2660437">"New population and phylogenetic features of the internal variation within mitochondrial DNA macro-haplogroup R0"</a>. PLOS ONE. 4 (4): e5112. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009PLoSO...4.5112A">2009PLoSO...4.5112A</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1371%252Fjournal.pone.0005112">10.1371/journal.pone.0005112</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2660437">2660437</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19340307">19340307</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+ONE&rft.atitle=New+population+and+phylogenetic+features+of+the+internal+variation+within+mitochondrial+DNA+macro-haplogroup+R0&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=e5112&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2660437%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19340307&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0005112&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2009PLoSO...4.5112A&rft.aulast=Alvarez-Iglesias&rft.aufirst=V&rft.au=Mosquera-Miguel%2C+A&rft.au=Cerezo%2C+M&rft.au=Quint%C3%A1ns%2C+B&rft.au=Zarrabeitia%2C+MT&rft.au=Cusc%C3%B3%2C+I&rft.au=Lareu%2C+MV&rft.au=Garc%C3%ADa%2C+O&rft.au=P%C3%A9rez-Jurado%2C+L&rft.au=Carracedo%2C+A&rft.au=Salas%2C+A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2660437&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-pmid24104924-33"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-pmid24104924_33-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCostaPereiraPalaFernandes2013" class="citation journal cs1">Costa MD, Pereira JB, Pala M, Fernandes V, Olivieri A, Achilli A, Perego UA, Rychkov S, Naumova O, Hatina J, Woodward SR, Eng KK, Macaulay V, Carr M, Soares P, Pereira L, Richards MB (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3806353">"A substantial prehistoric European ancestry amongst Ashkenazi maternal lineages"</a>. Nature Communications. 4: 2543. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013NatCo...4.2543C">2013NatCo...4.2543C</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1038%252Fncomms3543">10.1038/ncomms3543</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3806353">3806353</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24104924">24104924</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Communications&rft.atitle=A+substantial+prehistoric+European+ancestry+amongst+Ashkenazi+maternal+lineages&rft.volume=4&rft.pages=2543&rft.date=2013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3806353%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F24104924&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fncomms3543&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2013NatCo...4.2543C&rft.aulast=Costa&rft.aufirst=MD&rft.au=Pereira%2C+JB&rft.au=Pala%2C+M&rft.au=Fernandes%2C+V&rft.au=Olivieri%2C+A&rft.au=Achilli%2C+A&rft.au=Perego%2C+UA&rft.au=Rychkov%2C+S&rft.au=Naumova%2C+O&rft.au=Hatina%2C+J&rft.au=Woodward%2C+SR&rft.au=Eng%2C+KK&rft.au=Macaulay%2C+V&rft.au=Carr%2C+M&rft.au=Soares%2C+P&rft.au=Pereira%2C+L&rft.au=Richards%2C+MB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3806353&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBekadaFregelCabreraLarruga2013" class="citation journal cs1">Bekada A, Fregel R, Cabrera VM, Larruga JM, Pestano J, Benhamamouch S, González AM (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3576335">"Introducing the Algerian mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome profiles into the North African landscape"</a>. PLOS ONE. 8 (2): e56775. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013PLoSO...856775B">2013PLoSO...856775B</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1371%252Fjournal.pone.0056775">10.1371/journal.pone.0056775</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3576335">3576335</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23431392">23431392</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+ONE&rft.atitle=Introducing+the+Algerian+mitochondrial+DNA+and+Y-chromosome+profiles+into+the+North+African+landscape&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=e56775&rft.date=2013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3576335%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23431392&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0056775&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2013PLoSO...856775B&rft.aulast=Bekada&rft.aufirst=A&rft.au=Fregel%2C+R&rft.au=Cabrera%2C+VM&rft.au=Larruga%2C+JM&rft.au=Pestano%2C+J&rft.au=Benhamamouch%2C+S&rft.au=Gonz%C3%A1lez%2C+AM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3576335&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrook2022" class="citation book cs1">Brook, Kevin Alan (2022). The Maternal Genetic Lineages of Ashkenazic Jews. Academic Studies Press. p. 41. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.2307%252Fj.ctv33mgbcn">10.2307/j.ctv33mgbcn</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1644699843?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-1644699843"><bdi>978-1644699843</bdi></a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:254519342">254519342</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Maternal+Genetic+Lineages+of+Ashkenazic+Jews&rft.pages=41&rft.pub=Academic+Studies+Press&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A254519342%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2Fj.ctv33mgbcn&rft.isbn=978-1644699843&rft.aulast=Brook&rft.aufirst=Kevin+Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrook2022" class="citation book cs1">Brook, Kevin Alan (2022). The Maternal Genetic Lineages of Ashkenazic Jews. Academic Studies Press. p. 41. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.2307%252Fj.ctv33mgbcn">10.2307/j.ctv33mgbcn</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1644699843?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-1644699843"><bdi>978-1644699843</bdi></a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:254519342">254519342</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Maternal+Genetic+Lineages+of+Ashkenazic+Jews&rft.pages=41&rft.pub=Academic+Studies+Press&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A254519342%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2Fj.ctv33mgbcn&rft.isbn=978-1644699843&rft.aulast=Brook&rft.aufirst=Kevin+Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrook2022" class="citation book cs1">Brook, Kevin Alan (2022). The Maternal Genetic Lineages of Ashkenazic Jews. Academic Studies Press. pp. 42–43. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.2307%252Fj.ctv33mgbcn">10.2307/j.ctv33mgbcn</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1644699843?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-1644699843"><bdi>978-1644699843</bdi></a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:254519342">254519342</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Maternal+Genetic+Lineages+of+Ashkenazic+Jews&rft.pages=42-43&rft.pub=Academic+Studies+Press&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A254519342%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2Fj.ctv33mgbcn&rft.isbn=978-1644699843&rft.aulast=Brook&rft.aufirst=Kevin+Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuliasBirchWilsonJusteau2019" class="citation journal cs1">Dulias, Katharina; Birch, Steven; Wilson, James F.; Justeau, Pierre; Gandini, Francesca; Flaquer, Antònia; Soares, Pedro; Richards, Martin B.; Pala, Maria; Edwards, Ceiridwen J. (July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0305440319300664">"Maternal relationships within an Iron Age burial at the High Pasture Cave, Isle of Skye, Scotland"</a>. Journal of Archaeological Science. 110: 104978. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019JArSc.110j4978D">2019JArSc.110j4978D</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1016%252Fj.jas.2019.104978">10.1016/j.jas.2019.104978</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:203083206">203083206</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Archaeological+Science&rft.atitle=Maternal+relationships+within+an+Iron+Age+burial+at+the+High+Pasture+Cave%2C+Isle+of+Skye%2C+Scotland&rft.volume=110&rft.pages=104978&rft.date=2019-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A203083206%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jas.2019.104978&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2019JArSc.110j4978D&rft.aulast=Dulias&rft.aufirst=Katharina&rft.au=Birch%2C+Steven&rft.au=Wilson%2C+James+F.&rft.au=Justeau%2C+Pierre&rft.au=Gandini%2C+Francesca&rft.au=Flaquer%2C+Ant%C3%B2nia&rft.au=Soares%2C+Pedro&rft.au=Richards%2C+Martin+B.&rft.au=Pala%2C+Maria&rft.au=Edwards%2C+Ceiridwen+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0305440319300664&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-39">^</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/GenBank?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="GenBank">GenBank</a> Accession number: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KM986583.1">KM986583.1</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-40">^</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/GenBank?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="GenBank">GenBank</a> Accession number: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MH782168.1">MH782168.1</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-41">^</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/GenBank?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="GenBank">GenBank</a> Accession number: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/JX153272.1">JX153272.1</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrook2014" class="citation journal cs1">Brook, Kevin Alan (Summer 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.karamdergisi.com/Makaleler/909058854_5-%2520Brook.pdf">"The Genetics of Crimean Karaites"</a> (PDF). Karadeniz Araştırmaları (Journal of Black Sea Studies). 11 (42): 78–79. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.12787%252FKARAM859">10.12787/KARAM859</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Karadeniz+Ara%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rmalar%C4%B1+%28Journal+of+Black+Sea+Studies%29&rft.atitle=The+Genetics+of+Crimean+Karaites&rft.ssn=summer&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=42&rft.pages=78-79&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.12787%2FKARAM859&rft.aulast=Brook&rft.aufirst=Kevin+Alan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.karamdergisi.com%2FMakaleler%2F909058854_5-%2520Brook.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-43">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/OQ981914">Homo sapiens haplogroup H9a mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: OQ981914.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatisoo-SmithGoslingPlattKardailsky2018" class="citation journal cs1">Matisoo-Smith, E.; Gosling, A. L.; Platt, D.; Kardailsky, O.; Prost, S.; Cameron-Christie, S.; Collins, C. J.; Boocock, J.; Kurumilian, Y.; Guirguis, M.; Pla Orquín, R.; Khalil, W.; Genz, H.; Abou Diwan, G.; Nassar, J.; Zalloua, P. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5761892">"Ancient mitogenomes of Phoenicians from Sardinia and Lebanon: A story of settlement, integration, and female mobility"</a>. PLOS ONE. 13 (1): e0190169 in S1 Table. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018PLoSO..1390169M">2018PLoSO..1390169M</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1371%252Fjournal.pone.0190169">10.1371/journal.pone.0190169</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5761892">5761892</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29320542">29320542</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+ONE&rft.atitle=Ancient+mitogenomes+of+Phoenicians+from+Sardinia+and+Lebanon%3A+A+story+of+settlement%2C+integration%2C+and+female+mobility&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=e0190169+in+S1+Table&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5761892%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29320542&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0190169&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2018PLoSO..1390169M&rft.aulast=Matisoo-Smith&rft.aufirst=E.&rft.au=Gosling%2C+A.+L.&rft.au=Platt%2C+D.&rft.au=Kardailsky%2C+O.&rft.au=Prost%2C+S.&rft.au=Cameron-Christie%2C+S.&rft.au=Collins%2C+C.+J.&rft.au=Boocock%2C+J.&rft.au=Kurumilian%2C+Y.&rft.au=Guirguis%2C+M.&rft.au=Pla+Orqu%C3%ADn%2C+R.&rft.au=Khalil%2C+W.&rft.au=Genz%2C+H.&rft.au=Abou+Diwan%2C+G.&rft.au=Nassar%2C+J.&rft.au=Zalloua%2C+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5761892&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeharvan_OvenRossetMetspalu2012" class="citation journal cs1">Behar DM, van Oven M, Rosset S, Metspalu M, Loogväli EL, Silva NM, Kivisild T, Torroni A, Villems R (April 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3322232">"A "Copernican" reassessment of the human mitochondrial DNA tree from its root"</a>. American Journal of Human Genetics. 90 (4): 675–84. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1016%252Fj.ajhg.2012.03.002">10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.03.002</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3322232">3322232</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22482806">22482806</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Human+Genetics&rft.atitle=A+%22Copernican%22+reassessment+of+the+human+mitochondrial+DNA+tree+from+its+root&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=675-84&rft.date=2012-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3322232%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22482806&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.ajhg.2012.03.002&rft.aulast=Behar&rft.aufirst=DM&rft.au=van+Oven%2C+M&rft.au=Rosset%2C+S&rft.au=Metspalu%2C+M&rft.au=Loogv%C3%A4li%2C+EL&rft.au=Silva%2C+NM&rft.au=Kivisild%2C+T&rft.au=Torroni%2C+A&rft.au=Villems%2C+R&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3322232&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFaustino_de_Carvalho2014" class="citation book cs1">Faustino de Carvalho A (2014). Bom Santo cave (Lisbon) and the middle neolithic societies of southern Portugal. Faro: Universidade do Algarvede. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789899766631?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/9789899766631"><bdi>9789899766631</bdi></a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/946308166">946308166</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bom+Santo+cave+%28Lisbon%29+and+the+middle+neolithic+societies+of+southern+Portugal&rft.place=Faro&rft.pub=Universidade+do+Algarvede&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F946308166&rft.isbn=9789899766631&rft.aulast=Faustino+de+Carvalho&rft.aufirst=Ant%C3%B3nio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-47">^</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/GenBank?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="GenBank">GenBank</a> Accession number: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MW528315.1">MW528315.1</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-48">^</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/GenBank?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="GenBank">GenBank</a> Accession number: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/JX153458.1">JX153458.1</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJonesGonzalez-FortesConnellSiska2015" class="citation journal cs1">Jones, Eppie R.; Gonzalez-Fortes, Gloria; Connell, Sarah; Siska, Veronika; Eriksson, Anders; Martiniano, Rui; McLaughlin, Russell L.; Gallego Llorente, Marcos; Cassidy, Lara M.; Gamba, Cristina; Meshveliani, Tengiz; Bar-Yosef, Ofer; Müller, Werner; Belfer-Cohen, Anna; Matskevich, Zinovi; Jakeli, Nino; Higham, Thomas F. G.; Currat, Mathias; Lordkipanidze, David; Hofreiter, Michael; Manica, Andrea; Pinhasi, Ron; Bradley, Daniel G. (16 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4660371">"Upper Palaeolithic genomes reveal deep roots of modern Eurasians"</a>. Nature Communications. 6 (1): 8912. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015NatCo...6.8912J">2015NatCo...6.8912J</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1038%252Fncomms9912">10.1038/ncomms9912</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4660371">4660371</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26567969">26567969</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Communications&rft.atitle=Upper+Palaeolithic+genomes+reveal+deep+roots+of+modern+Eurasians&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=8912&rft.date=2015-11-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4660371%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F26567969&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fncomms9912&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2015NatCo...6.8912J&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Eppie+R.&rft.au=Gonzalez-Fortes%2C+Gloria&rft.au=Connell%2C+Sarah&rft.au=Siska%2C+Veronika&rft.au=Eriksson%2C+Anders&rft.au=Martiniano%2C+Rui&rft.au=McLaughlin%2C+Russell+L.&rft.au=Gallego+Llorente%2C+Marcos&rft.au=Cassidy%2C+Lara+M.&rft.au=Gamba%2C+Cristina&rft.au=Meshveliani%2C+Tengiz&rft.au=Bar-Yosef%2C+Ofer&rft.au=M%C3%BCller%2C+Werner&rft.au=Belfer-Cohen%2C+Anna&rft.au=Matskevich%2C+Zinovi&rft.au=Jakeli%2C+Nino&rft.au=Higham%2C+Thomas+F.+G.&rft.au=Currat%2C+Mathias&rft.au=Lordkipanidze%2C+David&rft.au=Hofreiter%2C+Michael&rft.au=Manica%2C+Andrea&rft.au=Pinhasi%2C+Ron&rft.au=Bradley%2C+Daniel+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4660371&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-50">^</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/GenBank?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="GenBank">GenBank</a> Accession number: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MF362786.1">MF362786.1</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-51">^</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/GenBank?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="GenBank">GenBank</a> Accession number: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KX230571.1">KX230571.1</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FTDNA-52">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-1">b</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-2">c</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-3">d</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-4">e</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-5">f</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-6">g</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-7">h</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-8">i</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-9">j</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-10">k</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-11">l</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-12">m</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-13">n</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-14">o</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-15">p</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-16">q</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-17">r</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-18">s</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-19">t</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FTDNA_52-20">u</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mt-dna-haplotree/H">MtDNA Haplotree at Family Tree DNA</a></li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-53">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MK491393">Homo sapiens isolate 40_Mu mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: MK491393.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-54">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KY410191">Homo sapiens isolate csct_007727 mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: KY410191.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrook2022" class="citation book cs1">Brook, Kevin Alan (2022). The Maternal Genetic Lineages of Ashkenazic Jews. Academic Studies Press. p. 129. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.2307%252Fj.ctv33mgbcn">10.2307/j.ctv33mgbcn</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1644699843?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-1644699843"><bdi>978-1644699843</bdi></a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:254519342">254519342</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Maternal+Genetic+Lineages+of+Ashkenazic+Jews&rft.pages=129&rft.pub=Academic+Studies+Press&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A254519342%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2Fj.ctv33mgbcn&rft.isbn=978-1644699843&rft.aulast=Brook&rft.aufirst=Kevin+Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-56">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KF055878">Homo sapiens isolate M943_H14a2_Roma mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: KF055878.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-57">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MG786850">Homo sapiens haplogroup H14a2 mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: MG786850.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-58">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MK217254">Homo sapiens isolate Assyrian_C188_H14b mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: MK217254.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-59">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KC911548">Homo sapiens haplogroup H14b* mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: KC911548.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-60">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KX784190">Homo sapiens haplogroup H14b mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: KX784190.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-61">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KY399186">Homo sapiens isolate 33151 mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: KY399186.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-62">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MF362858">Homo sapiens isolate Artsakh_69 haplogroup H14b3 mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: MF362858.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrook2022" class="citation book cs1">Brook, Kevin Alan (2022). The Maternal Genetic Lineages of Ashkenazic Jews. Academic Studies Press. p. 135. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.2307%252Fj.ctv33mgbcn">10.2307/j.ctv33mgbcn</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1644699843?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-1644699843"><bdi>978-1644699843</bdi></a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:254519342">254519342</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Maternal+Genetic+Lineages+of+Ashkenazic+Jews&rft.pages=135&rft.pub=Academic+Studies+Press&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A254519342%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2Fj.ctv33mgbcn&rft.isbn=978-1644699843&rft.aulast=Brook&rft.aufirst=Kevin+Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrook2022" class="citation book cs1">Brook, Kevin Alan (2022). The Maternal Genetic Lineages of Ashkenazic Jews. Academic Studies Press. p. 50. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.2307%252Fj.ctv33mgbcn">10.2307/j.ctv33mgbcn</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1644699843?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-1644699843"><bdi>978-1644699843</bdi></a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:254519342">254519342</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Maternal+Genetic+Lineages+of+Ashkenazic+Jews&rft.pages=50&rft.pub=Academic+Studies+Press&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A254519342%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2Fj.ctv33mgbcn&rft.isbn=978-1644699843&rft.aulast=Brook&rft.aufirst=Kevin+Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-65">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MW538532">Homo sapiens haplogroup H16a mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: MW538532.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-66">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/JX153510">Homo sapiens isolate 3157345 mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: JX153510.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-67">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KY410158">Homo sapiens isolate csct_007629 mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: KY410158.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKimsisPetersone-GordinaPoksaneVilcāne2023" class="citation journal cs1">Kimsis, Janis; Petersone-Gordina, Elina; Poksane, Alise; Vilcāne, Antonija; Moore, Joanna; Gerhards, Guntis; Ranka, Renate (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12024-022-00553-7%23Sec15">"Application of natural sciences methodology in archaeological study of Iron Age burials in Latvia: pilot study"</a>. Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology. 19 (1): 8–15. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1007%252Fs12024-022-00553-7">10.1007/s12024-022-00553-7</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36348137">36348137</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forensic+Science%2C+Medicine+and+Pathology&rft.atitle=Application+of+natural+sciences+methodology+in+archaeological+study+of+Iron+Age+burials+in+Latvia%3A+pilot+study&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=8-15&rft.date=2023&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs12024-022-00553-7&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F36348137&rft.aulast=Kimsis&rft.aufirst=Janis&rft.au=Petersone-Gordina%2C+Elina&rft.au=Poksane%2C+Alise&rft.au=Vilc%C4%81ne%2C+Antonija&rft.au=Moore%2C+Joanna&rft.au=Gerhards%2C+Guntis&rft.au=Ranka%2C+Renate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Farticle%2F10.1007%2Fs12024-022-00553-7%23Sec15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-69">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KY408165">Homo sapiens isolate 1963 mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: KY408165.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-ennafaa-70">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ennafaa_70-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ennafaa_70-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEnnafaaCabreraAbu-AmeroGonzález2009" class="citation journal cs1">Ennafaa H, Cabrera VM, Abu-Amero KK, González AM, Amor MB, Bouhaha R, et al. (February 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2657161">"Mitochondrial DNA haplogroup H structure in North Africa"</a>. BMC Genetics. 10: 8. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1186%252F1471-2156-10-8">10.1186/1471-2156-10-8</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2657161">2657161</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19243582">19243582</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Genetics&rft.atitle=Mitochondrial+DNA+haplogroup+H+structure+in+North+Africa&rft.volume=10&rft.pages=8&rft.date=2009-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2657161%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19243582&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2F1471-2156-10-8&rft.aulast=Ennafaa&rft.aufirst=H&rft.au=Cabrera%2C+VM&rft.au=Abu-Amero%2C+KK&rft.au=Gonz%C3%A1lez%2C+AM&rft.au=Amor%2C+MB&rft.au=Bouhaha%2C+R&rft.au=Dzimiri%2C+N&rft.au=Elgaa%C3%AFed%2C+AB&rft.au=Larruga%2C+JM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2657161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGómez-CarballaPardo-SecoFachalVega2013" class="citation journal cs1">Gómez-Carballa, Alberto; Pardo-Seco, Jacobo; Fachal, Laura; Vega, Ana; Cebey, Miriam; Martinón-Torres, Nazareth; Martinón-Torres, Federico; Salas, Antonio (15 October 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3797067">"Indian Signatures in the Westernmost Edge of the European Romani Diaspora: New Insight from Mitogenomes"</a>. PLOS ONE. 8 (10): e75397. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013PLoSO...875397G">2013PLoSO...875397G</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1371%252Fjournal.pone.0075397">10.1371/journal.pone.0075397</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3797067">3797067</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24143169">24143169</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+ONE&rft.atitle=Indian+Signatures+in+the+Westernmost+Edge+of+the+European+Romani+Diaspora%3A+New+Insight+from+Mitogenomes&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=e75397&rft.date=2013-10-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3797067%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F24143169&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0075397&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2013PLoSO...875397G&rft.aulast=G%C3%B3mez-Carballa&rft.aufirst=Alberto&rft.au=Pardo-Seco%2C+Jacobo&rft.au=Fachal%2C+Laura&rft.au=Vega%2C+Ana&rft.au=Cebey%2C+Miriam&rft.au=Martin%C3%B3n-Torres%2C+Nazareth&rft.au=Martin%C3%B3n-Torres%2C+Federico&rft.au=Salas%2C+Antonio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3797067&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-72">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN516616">Homo sapiens isolate S19_fi_ath haplogroup H45a mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: MN516616.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-73">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MG807267">Homo sapiens haplogroup H45b mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: MG807267.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrook2022" class="citation book cs1">Brook, Kevin Alan (2022). The Maternal Genetic Lineages of Ashkenazic Jews. Academic Studies Press. pp. 53–54. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.2307%252Fj.ctv33mgbcn">10.2307/j.ctv33mgbcn</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1644699843?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-1644699843"><bdi>978-1644699843</bdi></a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:254519342">254519342</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Maternal+Genetic+Lineages+of+Ashkenazic+Jews&rft.pages=53-54&rft.pub=Academic+Studies+Press&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A254519342%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2Fj.ctv33mgbcn&rft.isbn=978-1644699843&rft.aulast=Brook&rft.aufirst=Kevin+Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-75">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN046424">Homo sapiens isolate ESP_19_00000014 mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: MN046424.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-76">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MG646120">Homo sapiens isolate J189 mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: MG646120.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-77">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KU683584">Homo sapiens isolate We1474 mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: KU683584.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-78">^</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/GenBank?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="GenBank">GenBank</a> Accession number: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN516573.1">MN516573.1</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-79">^</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/GenBank?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="GenBank">GenBank</a> Accession number: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KP150428.1">KP150428.1</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-80">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KU683042">Homo sapiens isolate We0454 mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: KU683042.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-81">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KY670896">Homo sapiens isolate 23_Ps haplogroup H107 mitochondrion, complete genome GenBank: KY670896.1.</a></li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201124007/https://phylotree.org/tree/R0.htm">"PhyloTree.org mtDNA subtree R0"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://phylotree.org/tree/R0.htm">the original</a> on 2023-02-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PhyloTree.org+mtDNA+subtree+R0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fphylotree.org%2Ftree%2FR0.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-Fernandez-Caggiano-83"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Fernandez-Caggiano_83-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFernández-CaggianoBarallobre-BarreiroRego-PérezCrespo-Leiro2012" class="citation journal cs1">Fernández-Caggiano M, Barallobre-Barreiro J, Rego-Pérez I, Crespo-Leiro MG, Paniagua MJ, Grillé Z, et al. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3429437">"Mitochondrial haplogroups H and J: risk and protective factors for ischemic cardiomyopathy"</a>. PLOS ONE. 7 (8): e44128. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012PLoSO...744128F">2012PLoSO...744128F</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1371%252Fjournal.pone.0044128">10.1371/journal.pone.0044128</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3429437">3429437</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22937160">22937160</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+ONE&rft.atitle=Mitochondrial+haplogroups+H+and+J%3A+risk+and+protective+factors+for+ischemic+cardiomyopathy&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=e44128&rft.date=2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3429437%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22937160&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0044128&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2012PLoSO...744128F&rft.aulast=Fern%C3%A1ndez-Caggiano&rft.aufirst=M&rft.au=Barallobre-Barreiro%2C+J&rft.au=Rego-P%C3%A9rez%2C+I&rft.au=Crespo-Leiro%2C+MG&rft.au=Paniagua%2C+MJ&rft.au=Grill%C3%A9%2C+Z&rft.au=Blanco%2C+FJ&rft.au=Dom%C3%A9nech%2C+N&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3429437&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeakeyLeakey2020" class="citation book cs1">Leakey, Samira; Leakey, Samira (2020). The Sediments of Time: My Lifelong Search for the Past. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 333.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sediments+of+Time%3A+My+Lifelong+Search+for+the+Past&rft.pages=333&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin+Harcourt&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Leakey&rft.aufirst=Samira&rft.au=Leakey%2C+Samira&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSlatalla2007" class="citation news cs1">Slatalla, Michelle (October 25, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/25/fashion/25Cyber.html">"Marie Antoinette, Is That You?"</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_New_York_Times?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. Retrieved 2024-03-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Marie+Antoinette%2C+Is+That+You%3F&rft.date=2007-10-25&rft.aulast=Slatalla&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F10%2F25%2Ffashion%2F25Cyber.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNadine_Epstein2012" class="citation magazine cs1">Nadine Epstein (September–October 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://momentmag.com/the-moment-magazine-great-dna-experiment/">"The Moment Magazine Great DNA Experiment"</a>. Moment Magazine. p. 44. Retrieved 2024-03-07.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Moment+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+Moment+Magazine+Great+DNA+Experiment&rft.pages=44&rft.date=2012-09%2F2012-10&rft.au=Nadine+Epstein&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmomentmag.com%2Fthe-moment-magazine-great-dna-experiment%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGates_Jr.2015" class="citation book cs1">Gates Jr., Henry Louis (2015). Finding Your Roots: The Official Companion to the PBS Series. The University of North Carolina Press. p. 82.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Finding+Your+Roots%3A+The+Official+Companion+to+the+PBS+Series&rft.pages=82&rft.pub=The+University+of+North+Carolina+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Gates+Jr.&rft.aufirst=Henry+Louis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGates_Jr.2010" class="citation book cs1">Gates Jr., Henry Louis (2010). Faces of America: How 12 Extraordinary People Discovered Their Pasts. New York University Press. pp. 12, 125.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Faces+of+America%3A+How+12+Extraordinary+People+Discovered+Their+Pasts&rft.pages=12%2C+125&rft.pub=New+York+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Gates+Jr.&rft.aufirst=Henry+Louis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGates_Jr.2015" class="citation book cs1">Gates Jr., Henry Louis (2015). Finding Your Roots: The Official Companion to the PBS Series. The University of North Carolina Press. p. 92.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Finding+Your+Roots%3A+The+Official+Companion+to+the+PBS+Series&rft.pages=92&rft.pub=The+University+of+North+Carolina+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Gates+Jr.&rft.aufirst=Henry+Louis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNadine_Epstein2012" class="citation magazine cs1">Nadine Epstein (September–October 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://momentmag.com/the-moment-magazine-great-dna-experiment/">"The Moment Magazine Great DNA Experiment"</a>. Moment Magazine. p. 41. Retrieved 2024-03-07.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Moment+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+Moment+Magazine+Great+DNA+Experiment&rft.pages=41&rft.date=2012-09%2F2012-10&rft.au=Nadine+Epstein&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmomentmag.com%2Fthe-moment-magazine-great-dna-experiment%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJacobs,_A._J.2017" class="citation book cs1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/A._J._Jacobs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="A. J. Jacobs">Jacobs, A. J.</a> (2017). It's All Relative: Adventures Up and Down the World's Family Tree. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 160. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4767-3449-1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4767-3449-1"><bdi>978-1-4767-3449-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=It%27s+All+Relative%3A+Adventures+Up+and+Down+the+World%27s+Family+Tree&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=160&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-4767-3449-1&rft.au=Jacobs%2C+A.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">Finding Your Roots. Season 4. Episode 1. 2017-10-03. PBS.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Finding+Your+Roots&rft.series=Season+4.+Episode+1&rft.date=2017-10-03&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> </ol> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=28&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <ul> <li>General <ul> <li>Ian Logan's <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ianlogan.co.uk/sequences_by_group/haplogroup_select.htm">Mitochondrial DNA Site</a></li> <li>Mannis van Oven's <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.phylotree.org">Phylotree</a></li> </ul></li> <li>Haplogroup H <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/h-mt-dna-haplogroup/about/background">The Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroup H & HV Project</a> at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Familytreedna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Familytreedna">Family Tree DNA</a></li> <li>National Geographic's <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726092949/https://genographic.nationalgeographic.com/genographic/atlas.html?card%3Dmm024">Spread of Haplogroup H</a>, from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Geographic_(magazine)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="National Geographic (magazine)">National Geographic</a></li> <li>mtDNA <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.today/20130415201610/http://www.snpedia.org/index.php/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)">Haplogroup H</a> article at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/SNPedia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="SNPedia">SNPedia</a></li> <li>Amelia's <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.olypen.com/amelia/helena/">Helena</a></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLoogväliRoostaluMalyarchukDerenko2004" class="citation journal cs1">Loogväli EL, Roostalu U, Malyarchuk BA, Derenko MV, Kivisild T, Metspalu E, et al. (November 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1093%252Fmolbev%252Fmsh209">"Disuniting uniformity: a pied cladistic canvas of mtDNA haplogroup H in Eurasia"</a>. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 21 (11): 2012–21. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1093%252Fmolbev%252Fmsh209">10.1093/molbev/msh209</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15254257">15254257</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Biology+and+Evolution&rft.atitle=Disuniting+uniformity%3A+a+pied+cladistic+canvas+of+mtDNA+haplogroup+H+in+Eurasia&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=2012-21&rft.date=2004-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsh209&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15254257&rft.aulast=Loogv%C3%A4li&rft.aufirst=EL&rft.au=Roostalu%2C+U&rft.au=Malyarchuk%2C+BA&rft.au=Derenko%2C+MV&rft.au=Kivisild%2C+T&rft.au=Metspalu%2C+E&rft.au=Tambets%2C+K&rft.au=Reidla%2C+M&rft.au=Tolk%2C+HV&rft.au=Parik%2C+J&rft.au=Pennarun%2C+E&rft.au=Laos%2C+S&rft.au=Lunkina%2C+A&rft.au=Golubenko%2C+M&rft.au=Barac%2C+L&rft.au=Pericic%2C+M&rft.au=Balanovsky%2C+OP&rft.au=Gusar%2C+V&rft.au=Khusnutdinova%2C+EK&rft.au=Stepanov%2C+V&rft.au=Puzyrev%2C+V&rft.au=Rudan%2C+P&rft.au=Balanovska%2C+EV&rft.au=Grechanina%2C+E&rft.au=Richard%2C+C&rft.au=Moisan%2C+JP&rft.au=Chaventr%C3%A9%2C+A&rft.au=Anagnou%2C+NP&rft.au=Pappa%2C+KI&rft.au=Michalodimitrakis%2C+EN&rft.au=Claustres%2C+M&rft.au=G%C3%B6lge%2C+M&rft.au=Mikerezi%2C+I&rft.au=Usanga%2C+E&rft.au=Villems%2C+R&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1093%252Fmolbev%252Fmsh209&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Genebase's <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20110503182303/http://www.genebase.com/learning/article/20">Tutorials on mtDNA Haplogroup H</a></li> <li>Genebase's <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080626010657/http://www.genebase.com/doc/mtdnaHaplogroup_H_Tree.pdf">Phylogenetic tree of mtDNA Haplogroup H</a></li> <li>Genebase's <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080626010659/http://www.genebase.com/doc/mtdnaHaplogroup_H_Subclade_Distribution_Map.pdf">Geographical distribution of mtDNA Haplogroup H</a></li> <li>Haplogroup and Subcluster Frequencies for European Populations: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHelgasonHickeyGoodacreBosnes2001" class="citation journal cs1">Helgason A, Hickey E, Goodacre S, Bosnes V, Stefánsson K, Ward R, et al. (March 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1274484">"mtDNA and the Islands of the North Atlantic: Estimating the Proportions of Norse and Gaelic Ancestry"</a>. American Journal of Human Genetics. 68 (3): 723–37. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1086%252F318785">10.1086/318785</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1274484">1274484</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11179019">11179019</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Human+Genetics&rft.atitle=mtDNA+and+the+Islands+of+the+North+Atlantic%3A+Estimating+the+Proportions+of+Norse+and+Gaelic+Ancestry&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=723-37&rft.date=2001-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1274484%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11179019&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F318785&rft.aulast=Helgason&rft.aufirst=A&rft.au=Hickey%2C+E&rft.au=Goodacre%2C+S&rft.au=Bosnes%2C+V&rft.au=Stef%C3%A1nsson%2C+K&rft.au=Ward%2C+R&rft.au=Sykes%2C+B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1274484&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+H+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> </ul></li> <li>Haplogroup H1 <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/mt-dna-h1/about/background">H1 mtGenome Project</a> at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Familytreedna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Familytreedna">Family Tree DNA</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20060517085505/http://home.comcast.net/~libpjr1/H1.htm">Hope</a> The H1 mtDNA Haplogroup Project</li> </ul></li> </ul>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DHaplogroup_H_(mtDNA)%26oldid%3D1258490438">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&oldid=1258490438</a>" </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 20 November 2024, at 01:07 </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploskupina_H_(mtDNA)" title="Haploskupina H (mtDNA) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Haploskupina H (mtDNA)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogruppe_H_(mtDNA)" title="Haplogruppe H (mtDNA) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Haplogruppe H (mtDNA)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogrupo_H_(ADNmt)" title="Haplogrupo H (ADNmt) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Haplogrupo H (ADNmt)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroupe_H_(ADNmt)" title="Haplogroupe H (ADNmt) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Haplogroupe H (ADNmt)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%2583%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%2582%25E0%25A4%25B6_%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%2582%25E0%25A4%25B9_%25E0%25A4%258F%25E0%25A4%259A" title="मातृवंश समूह एच – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मातृवंश समूह एच" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D1%2583%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0_H_(%25D0%25BC%25D1%2582%25D0%2594%25D0%259D%25D0%259A)" title="Хаплогрупа H (мтДНК) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хаплогрупа H (мтДНК)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2583%258F%25E3%2583%2597%25E3%2583%25AD%25E3%2582%25B0%25E3%2583%25AB%25E3%2583%25BC%25E3%2583%2597H_(mtDNA)" title="ハプログループH (mtDNA) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ハプログループH (mtDNA)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogrupo_H_(ADNmt)" title="Haplogrupo H (ADNmt) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Haplogrupo H (ADNmt)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D1%2583%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0_H_(%25D0%25BC%25D1%2582%25D0%2594%25D0%259D%25D0%259A)" title="Гаплогруппа H (мтДНК) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гаплогруппа H (мтДНК)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploryhm%25C3%25A4_H_(mtDNA)" title="Haploryhmä H (mtDNA) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Haploryhmä H (mtDNA)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogrup_H_(mtDNA)" title="Haplogrup H (mtDNA) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Haplogrup H (mtDNA)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">This page was last edited on 20 November 2024, at 01:07 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:About?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://stats.wikimedia.org/%23/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-terms-use"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a></li> <li id="footer-places-desktop-toggle"><a id="mw-mf-display-toggle" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DHaplogroup_H_(mtDNA)%26mobileaction%3Dtoggle_view_desktop" data-event-name="switch_to_desktop">Desktop</a></li> </ul> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <div class="mw-notification-area" data-mw="interface"></div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-tfx7h","wgBackendResponseTime":214,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.128","walltime":"1.304","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4763,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":183211,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":1959,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":15,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":4,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":279410,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1135.568 1 -total"," 65.42% 742.845 1 Template:Reflist"," 41.63% 472.765 37 Template:Cite_journal"," 7.96% 90.352 1 Template:Short_description"," 7.74% 87.908 14 Template:Cite_book"," 5.74% 65.128 1 Template:Commons_category"," 5.52% 62.728 1 Template:Sister_project"," 4.89% 55.511 8 Template:Cite_web"," 4.79% 54.368 1 Template:About"," 4.37% 49.616 2 Template:Pagetype"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.692","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6343945,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-bklvv","timestamp":"20241122144257","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Haplogroup H (mtDNA)","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1584156","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1584156","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2006-01-19T01:24:59Z","dateModified":"2024-11-20T01:07:10Z","headline":"mtDNA"}</script> <script>(window.NORLQ=window.NORLQ||[]).push(function(){var ns,i,p,img;ns=document.getElementsByTagName('noscript');for(i=0;i<ns.length;i++){p=ns[i].nextSibling;if(p&&p.className&&p.className.indexOf('lazy-image-placeholder')>-1){img=document.createElement('img');img.setAttribute('src',p.getAttribute('data-src'));img.setAttribute('width',p.getAttribute('data-width'));img.setAttribute('height',p.getAttribute('data-height'));img.setAttribute('alt',p.getAttribute('data-alt'));p.parentNode.replaceChild(img,p);}}});</script> <script>function gtElInit() {var lib = new google.translate.TranslateService();lib.translatePage('en', 'en', function () {});}</script> <script src="https://translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=gtElInit&hl=en-GB&client=wt" type="text/javascript"></script> </body> </html>