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trunk-to-appendicular fat ratio.</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: trunk-to-appendicular fat ratio."> <meta name="keywords" content="trunk-to-appendicular fat ratio."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research 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method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="trunk-to-appendicular fat ratio."> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1876</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: trunk-to-appendicular fat ratio.</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1876</span> Effect of Si/Al Ratio on SSZ-13 Crystallization and Its Methanol-To-Olefins Catalytic Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zhiqiang%20Xu">Zhiqiang Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hongfang%20Ma"> Hongfang Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Haitao%20Zhang"> Haitao Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Weixin%20Qian"> Weixin Qian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Weiyong%20Ying"> Weiyong Ying</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>SSZ-13 materials with different Si/Al ratio were prepared by varying the composition of aluminosilicate precursor solutions upon hydrothermal treatment at 150 °C. The Si/Al ratio of the initial system was systematically changed from 12.5 to infinity in order to study the limits of Al composition in precursor solutions for constructing CHA structure. The intermediates and final products were investigated by complementary techniques such as XRD, HRTEM, FESEM, and chemical analysis. NH<sub>3</sub>-TPD was used to study the Brønsted acidity of SSZ-13 samples with different Si/Al ratios. The effect of the Si/Al ratio on the precursor species, ultimate crystal size, morphology and yield was investigated. The results revealed that Al species determine the nucleation rate and the number of nuclei, which is tied to the morphology and yield of SSZ-13. The size of SSZ-13 increased and the yield decreased as the Si/Al ratio was improved. Varying Si/Al ratio of the initial system is a facile, commercially viable method of tailoring SSZ-13 crystal size and morphology. Furthermore, SSZ-13 materials with different Si/Al ratio were tested as catalysts for the methanol to olefins (MTO) reaction at 350 °C. SSZ-13 with the Si/Al ratio of 35 shows the best MTO catalytic performance.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Crystallization" title="Crystallization">Crystallization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MTO" title=" MTO"> MTO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Si%2FAl%20ratio" title=" Si/Al ratio"> Si/Al ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SSZ-13." title=" SSZ-13."> SSZ-13.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009638/effect-of-sial-ratio-on-ssz-13-crystallization-and-its-methanol-to-olefins-catalytic-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009638/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009638/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009638/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009638/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009638/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009638/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009638/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009638/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009638/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009638/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009638.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">880</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1875</span> Prediction of Soil Exchangeable Sodium Ratio Based on Soil Sodium Adsorption Ratio</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Siosemarde">M. Siosemarde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Kave"> F. Kave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Pazira"> E. Pazira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20Sedghi"> H. Sedghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20J.%20Ghaderi"> S. J. Ghaderi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Researchers have long had trouble in measurement of Exchangeable Sodium Ratio (ESR) at salt-affected soils. this parameter are often determined using laborious and time consuming laboratory tests, but it may be more appropriate and economical to develop a method which uses a more simple soil salinity index. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between exchangeable sodium ratio (ESR) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) in some salt-affected soils of Khuzestan plain. To this purpose, two experimental areas (S1, S2) of Khuzestan province-IRAN were selected and four treatments with three replications by series of double rings were applied. The treatments were included 25cm, 50cm, 75cm and 100cm water application. The statistical results of the study indicated that in order to predict soil ESR based on soil SAR the linear regression model ESR=0.2048+0.0066 SAR (R2=0.53) & ESR=0.0564+0.0171 SAR (R2=0.76) can be recommended in Pilot S1 and S2 respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=exchangeable%20sodium%20ratio" title="exchangeable sodium ratio">exchangeable sodium ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Khuzestan%20plain" title=" Khuzestan plain"> Khuzestan plain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=saltaffectedsoils%20and%20sodium%20adsorption%20ratio." title=" saltaffectedsoils and sodium adsorption ratio."> saltaffectedsoils and sodium adsorption ratio.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12384/prediction-of-soil-exchangeable-sodium-ratio-based-on-soil-sodium-adsorption-ratio" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12384/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12384/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12384/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12384/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12384/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12384/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12384/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12384/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12384/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12384/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12384.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1874</span> Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Sunflower Oil Using Central Composite Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pascal%20Mwenge">Pascal Mwenge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jefrey%20Pilusa"> Jefrey Pilusa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tumisang%20Seodigeng"> Tumisang Seodigeng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The current study investigated the effect of catalyst ratio and methanol to oil ratio on biodiesel production by using central composite design. Biodiesel was produced by transesterification using sodium hydroxide as a homogeneous catalyst, a laboratory scale reactor consisting of flat bottom flask mounts with a reflux condenser and a heating plate was used to produce biodiesel. Key parameters, including, time, temperature and mixing rate were kept constant at 60 minutes, 60 <sup>o</sup>C and 600 RPM, respectively. From the results obtained, it was observed that the biodiesel yield depends on catalyst ratio and methanol to oil ratio. The highest yield of 50.65% was obtained at catalyst ratio of 0.5 wt.% and methanol to oil mole ratio 10.5. The analysis of variances of biodiesel yield showed the R Squared value of 0.8387. A quadratic mathematical model was developed to predict the biodiesel yield in the specified parameters ranges.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ANOVA" title="ANOVA">ANOVA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=biodiesel" title=" biodiesel"> biodiesel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=catalyst" title=" catalyst"> catalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CCD" title=" CCD"> CCD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=transesterification." title=" transesterification."> transesterification.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008944/optimization-of-biodiesel-production-from-sunflower-oil-using-central-composite-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008944/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008944/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008944/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008944/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008944/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008944/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008944/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008944/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008944/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008944/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008944.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1873</span> Optimization of Fin Type and Fin per Inch on Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop of an Air Cooler</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Falavand%20Jozaei">A. Falavand Jozaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Ghafouri"> A. Ghafouri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Operation enhancement in an air cooler depends on rate of heat transfer, and pressure drop. In this paper for a given heat duty, study of the effects of FPI (Fin Per Inch) and fin type (circular and hexagonal fins) on heat transfer, and pressure drop in an air cooler in Iran, Arvand petrochemical. A program in EES (Engineering Equations Solver) software moreover, Aspen B-JAC and HTFS+ softwares are used for this purpose to solve governing equations. At first the simulated results obtained from this program is compared to the experimental data for two cases of FPI. The effects of FPI from 3 to 15 over heat transfer (Q) to pressure drop ratio (Q/螖p ratio). This ratio is one of the main parameters in design, and simulation heat exchangers. The results show that heat transfer (Q) and pressure drop increase with increasing FPI steadily, and the Q/螖p ratio increases to FPI=12 and then decreased gradually to FPI=15, and Q/螖p ratio is maximum at FPI=12. The FPI value selection between 8 and 12 obtained as a result to optimum heat transfer to pressure drop ratio. Also by contrast, between circular and hexagonal fins results, the Q/螖p ratio of hexagonal fins more than Q/螖p ratio of circular fins for FPI between 8 and 12 (optimum FPI) <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Air%20cooler" title="Air cooler">Air cooler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=circular%20and%20hexagonal%20fins" title=" circular and hexagonal fins"> circular and hexagonal fins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fin%20per%20inch" title=" fin per inch"> fin per inch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=heat%20transfer%20and%20pressure%20drop." title=" heat transfer and pressure drop."> heat transfer and pressure drop.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002571/optimization-of-fin-type-and-fin-per-inch-on-heat-transfer-and-pressure-drop-of-an-air-cooler" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002571/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002571/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002571/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002571/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002571/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002571/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002571/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002571/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002571/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002571/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002571.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4691</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1872</span> Bowen Ratio in Western S茫o Paulo State, Brazil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Elaine%20C.%20Barboza">Elaine C. Barboza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Antonio%20J.%20Machado"> Antonio J. Machado</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper discusses micrometeorological aspects of the urban climate in three cities in Western São Paulo State: Presidente Prudente, Assis and Iepê. Particular attention is paid to the method used to estimate the components of the energy balance at the surface. Estimates of convective fluxes showed that the Bowen ratio was an indicator of the local climate and that its magnitude varied between 0.3 and 0.7. Maximum values for the Bowen ratio occurred earlier in Iepê (11:00 am) than in Presidente Prudente (4:00 pm). The results indicate that the Bowen ratio is modulated by the radiation balance at the surface and by different clusters of vegetation.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bowen%20ratio" title="Bowen ratio">Bowen ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=medium-sized%20cities" title=" medium-sized cities"> medium-sized cities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=surface%20energy%20balance" title=" surface energy balance"> surface energy balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=urban%20climate." title=" urban climate. "> urban climate. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002530/bowen-ratio-in-western-sao-paulo-state-brazil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002530/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002530/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002530/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002530/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002530/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002530/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002530/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002530/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002530/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002530/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002530.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4028</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1871</span> Microwave Plasma Dry Reforming of Methane at High CO2/CH4 Feed Ratio</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nabil%20Majd%20Alawi">Nabil Majd Alawi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gia%20Hung%20Pham"> Gia Hung Pham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahmed%20Barifcani"> Ahmed Barifcani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Dry reforming of methane that converts two greenhouses gases (CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub>) to synthesis gas (a mixture of H<sub>2</sub> and CO) was studied in a commercial bench scale microwave (MW) plasma reactor system at atmospheric pressure. The CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> conversions; H<sub>2</sub>, CO selectivities and yields, and syngas ratio (H<sub>2</sub>/CO) were investigated in a wide range of total feed flow rate (0.45 – 2.1 L/min), MW power (700 – 1200 watt) and CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> molar ratio (2 – 5). At the feed flow rates of CH<sub>4</sub>, CO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> of 0.2, 0.4 and 1.5 L/min respectively, and the MWs input power of 700 W, the highest conversions of CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub>, selectivity and yield of H<sub>2</sub>, CO and H<sub>2</sub>/CO ratio of 79.35%, 44.82%, 50.12, 58.42, 39.77%, 32.89%, and 0.86, respectively, were achieved. The results of this work show that the product ratio increases slightly with the increasing total feed flow rate, but it decreases significantly with the increasing MW power and feeds CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> ratio.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Atmospheric%20pressure" title="Atmospheric pressure">Atmospheric pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=methane%20dry%20reforming" title=" methane dry reforming"> methane dry reforming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microwave%20plasma" title=" microwave plasma"> microwave plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=synthesis%20gas%20production." title=" synthesis gas production."> synthesis gas production.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010211/microwave-plasma-dry-reforming-of-methane-at-high-co2ch4-feed-ratio" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010211/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010211/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010211/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010211/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010211/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010211/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010211/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010211/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010211/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010211/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010211.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">961</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1870</span> A Numerical Study on Thermal Dissociation of H2S</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Moghiman">M. Moghiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20M.%20Javadi"> S. M. Javadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20R.%20Moghiman"> A. R. Moghiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Baghdar%20Hosseini"> S. Baghdar Hosseini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main issue in sweetening natural gas is H2S dissociation. The present study is concerned with simulating thermal dissociation of H2S in industrial natural gas carbon black furnace. The comparison of calculated results against experimental measurements shows good agreement. The results show that sulfur derived from H2S thermal dissociation peaked at 蠁=0.95. H2S thermal dissociation is enhanced in equivalence ratio upper than 1 and H2S oxidization is increased in equivalence ratio lower than 1. H2 concentration of H2S thermal dissociation is increased with increase of equivalence ratio up to 1. Also, H2S concentration decreased in outlet as equivalence ratio increases. H2S thermal dissociation to hydrogen and Sulfur reduces its toxic characteristics and make economical benefits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Equivalence%20ratio" title="Equivalence ratio">Equivalence ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H2S" title=" H2S"> H2S</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=natural%20gas%20furnace" title=" natural gas furnace"> natural gas furnace</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermaldissociation." title=" thermaldissociation."> thermaldissociation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1356/a-numerical-study-on-thermal-dissociation-of-h2s" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1356/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1356/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1356/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1356/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1356/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1356/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1356/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1356/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1356/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1356/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1356.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1869</span> Ratio Type Estimators of the Population Mean Based on Ranked Set Sampling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Said%20Ali%20Al-Hadhrami">Said Ali Al-Hadhrami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Ranked set sampling (RSS) was first suggested to increase the efficiency of the population mean. It has been shown that this method is highly beneficial to the estimation based on simple random sampling (SRS). There has been considerable development and many modifications were done on this method. When a concomitant variable is available, ratio estimation based on ranked set sampling was proposed. This ratio estimator is more efficient than that based on SRS. In this paper some ratio type estimators of the population mean based on RSS are suggested. These estimators are found to be more efficient than the estimators of similar form using simple random sample.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bias" title="Bias">Bias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Efficiency" title=" Efficiency"> Efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ranked%20Set%20Sampling" title=" Ranked Set Sampling"> Ranked Set Sampling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ratio%20Type%20Estimator" title=" Ratio Type Estimator"> Ratio Type Estimator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8713/ratio-type-estimators-of-the-population-mean-based-on-ranked-set-sampling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8713/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8713/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8713/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8713/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8713/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8713/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8713/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8713/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8713/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8713/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8713.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1868</span> Study Concerning the Energy-to-Mass Ratio in Pneumatic Muscles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tudor%20Deaconescu">Tudor Deaconescu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Andrea%20Deaconescu"> Andrea Deaconescu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The utilization of pneumatic muscles in the actuation of industrial systems is still in its early stages, hence studies on the constructive solutions which include an assessment of their functional performance with a focus on one of the most important characteristics-energy efficiency are required. A quality indicator that adequately reflects the energy efficiency of an actuator is the energy-to-mass ratio. This ratio is computed in the paper for various types and sizes of pneumatic muscles manufactured by Festo, and is subsequently compared to the similar ratios determined for two categories of pneumatic cylinders.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pneumatic%20cylinders" title="Pneumatic cylinders">Pneumatic cylinders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pneumatic%20muscles" title=" pneumatic muscles"> pneumatic muscles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=energy-to-mass%20ratio" title=" energy-to-mass ratio"> energy-to-mass ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=muscle%20stroke." title=" muscle stroke. "> muscle stroke. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005487/study-concerning-the-energy-to-mass-ratio-in-pneumatic-muscles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005487/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005487/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005487/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005487/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005487/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005487/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005487/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005487/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005487/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005487/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005487.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1867</span> Design and Simulation of Air-Fuel Ratio Control System for Distributorless CNG Engine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ei%20Ei%20Moe">Ei Ei Moe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zaw%20Min%20Aung"> Zaw Min Aung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kyawt%20Khin"> Kyawt Khin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper puts forward one kind of air-fuel ratio control method with PI controller. With the help of MATLAB/SIMULINK software, the mathematical model of air-fuel ratio control system for distributorless CNG engine is constructed. The objective is to maintain cylinder-to-cylinder air-fuel ratio at a prescribed set point, determined primarily by the state of the Three- Way-Catalyst (TWC), so that the pollutants in the exhaust are removed with the highest efficiency. The concurrent control of airfuel under transient conditions could be implemented by Proportional and Integral (PI) controller. The simulation result indicates that the control methods can easily eliminate the air/fuel maldistribution and maintain the air/fuel ratio at the stochiometry within minimum engine events. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Distributorless%20CNG%20Engine" title="Distributorless CNG Engine">Distributorless CNG Engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mathematical%20Modelof%20Air-fuel%20control" title=" Mathematical Modelof Air-fuel control"> Mathematical Modelof Air-fuel control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MATLAB%2FSIMULINK" title=" MATLAB/SIMULINK"> MATLAB/SIMULINK</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PI%20controller" title=" PI controller"> PI controller</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9013/design-and-simulation-of-air-fuel-ratio-control-system-for-distributorless-cng-engine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9013/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9013/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9013/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9013/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9013/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9013/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9013/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9013/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9013/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9013/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9013.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4490</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1866</span> Strength of Fine Concrete Used in Textile Reinforced Concrete by Changing Water-Binder Ratio</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Taekyun%20Kim">Taekyun Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jongho%20Park"> Jongho Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jinwoong%20Choi"> Jinwoong Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sun-Kyu%20Park"> Sun-Kyu Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Recently, the abnormal climate phenomenon has enlarged due to the global warming. As a result, temperature variation is increasing and the term is being prolonged, frequency of high and low temperature is increasing by heat wave and severe cold. Especially for reinforced concrete structure, the corrosion of reinforcement has occurred by concrete crack due to temperature change and the durability of the structure that has decreased by concrete crack. Accordingly, the textile reinforced concrete (TRC) which does not corrode due to using textile is getting the interest and the investigation of TRC is proceeding. The study of TRC structure behavior has proceeded, but the characteristic study of the concrete used in TRC is insufficient. Therefore, characteristic of the concrete by changing mixing ratio is studied in this paper. As a result, mixing ratio with different water-binder ratio has influenced to the strength of concrete. Also, as the water-binder ratio has decreased, strength of concrete has increased.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Concrete" title="Concrete">Concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mixing%20ratio" title=" mixing ratio"> mixing ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=textile" title=" textile"> textile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRC." title=" TRC."> TRC.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004665/strength-of-fine-concrete-used-in-textile-reinforced-concrete-by-changing-water-binder-ratio" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004665/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004665/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004665/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004665/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004665/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004665/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004665/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004665/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004665/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004665/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004665.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2013</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1865</span> Some Collineations Preserving Cross-Ratio in some Moufang-Klingenberg Planes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Suleyman%20Ciftci">Suleyman Ciftci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Atilla%20Akpinar"> Atilla Akpinar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Basri%20Celik"> Basri Celik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper we are interested in Moufang-Klingenberg planesM(A) defined over a local alternative ring A of dual numbers. We show that some collineations of M(A) preserve cross-ratio. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Moufang-Klingenberg%20planes" title="Moufang-Klingenberg planes">Moufang-Klingenberg planes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=local%20alternative%20ring" title=" local alternative ring"> local alternative ring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=projective%20collineation" title=" projective collineation"> projective collineation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cross-ratio." title=" cross-ratio."> cross-ratio.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11785/some-collineations-preserving-cross-ratio-in-some-moufang-klingenberg-planes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11785/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11785/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11785/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11785/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11785/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11785/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11785/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11785/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11785/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11785/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11785.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1864</span> Ratio-Dependent Food Chain Models with Three Trophic Levels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20Kara">R. Kara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Can"> M. Can</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper we study a food chain model with three trophic levels and Michaelis-Menten type ratio-dependent functional response. Distinctive feature of this model is the sensitive dependence of the dynamical behavior on the initial populations and parameters of the real world. The stability of the equilibrium points are also investigated.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Food%20chain" title="Food chain">Food chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ratio%20dependent%20models" title=" Ratio dependent models"> Ratio dependent models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Three%20level%20models." title=" Three level models."> Three level models.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5105/ratio-dependent-food-chain-models-with-three-trophic-levels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5105/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5105/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5105/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5105/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5105/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5105/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5105/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5105/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5105/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5105/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5105.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1524</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1863</span> Effect of Taper Pin Ratio on Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Friction Stir Welded AZ31 Magnesium Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20H.%20Othman">N. H. Othman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Udin"> N. Udin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Ishak"> M. Ishak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20H.%20Shah"> L. H. Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study focuses on the effect of pin taper tool ratio on friction stir welding of magnesium alloy AZ31. Two pieces of AZ31 alloy with thickness of 6 mm were friction stir welded by using the conventional milling machine. The shoulder diameter used in this experiment is fixed at 18 mm. The taper pin ratio used are varied at 6:6, 6:5, 6:4, 6:3, 6:2 and 6:1. The rotational speeds that were used in this study were 500 rpm, 1000 rpm and 1500 rpm, respectively. The welding speeds used are 150 mm/min, 200 mm/min and 250 mm/min. Microstructure observation of welded area was studied by using optical microscope. Equiaxed grains were observed at the TMAZ and stir zone indicating fully plastic deformation. Tool pin diameter ratio 6/1 causes low heat input to the material because of small contact surface between tool surface and stirred materials compared to other tool pin diameter ratio. The grain size of stir zone increased with increasing of ratio of rotational speed to transverse speed due to higher heat input. It is observed that worm hole is produced when excessive heat input is applied. To evaluate the mechanical properties of this specimen, tensile test was used in this study. Welded specimens using taper pin ratio 6:1 shows higher tensile strength compared to other taper pin ratio up to 204 MPa. Moreover, specimens using taper pin ratio 6:1 showed better tensile strength with 500 rpm of rotational speed and 150mm/min welding speed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Friction%20stir%20welding" title="Friction stir welding">Friction stir welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=magnesium%20AZ31" title=" magnesium AZ31"> magnesium AZ31</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cylindrical%20taper%20tool" title=" cylindrical taper tool"> cylindrical taper tool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=taper%20pin%20ratio." title=" taper pin ratio."> taper pin ratio.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004560/effect-of-taper-pin-ratio-on-microstructure-and-mechanical-property-of-friction-stir-welded-az31-magnesium-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004560/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004560/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004560/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004560/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004560/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004560/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004560/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004560/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004560/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004560/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004560.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1607</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1862</span> Rigid and Non-rigid Registration of Binary Objects using the Weighted Ratio Image</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Panos%20Kotsas">Panos Kotsas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tony%20Dodd"> Tony Dodd</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the application of a signal intensity independent similarity criterion for rigid and non-rigid body registration of binary objects. The criterion is defined as the weighted ratio image of two images. The ratio is computed on a voxel per voxel basis and weighting is performed by setting the raios between signal and background voxels to a standard high value. The mean squared value of the weighted ratio is computed over the union of the signal areas of the two images and it is minimized using the Chebyshev polynomial approximation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=rigid%20and%20non-rigid%20body%20registration" title="rigid and non-rigid body registration">rigid and non-rigid body registration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=binary%20objects" title=" binary objects"> binary objects</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13474/rigid-and-non-rigid-registration-of-binary-objects-using-the-weighted-ratio-image" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13474/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13474/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13474/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13474/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13474/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13474/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13474/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13474/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13474/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13474/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13474.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1861</span> Adjusted Ratio and Regression Type Estimators for Estimation of Population Mean when some Observations are missing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nuanpan%20Nangsue">Nuanpan Nangsue</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Ratio and regression type estimators have been used by previous authors to estimate a population mean for the principal variable from samples in which both auxiliary x and principal y variable data are available. However, missing data are a common problem in statistical analyses with real data. Ratio and regression type estimators have also been used for imputing values of missing y data. In this paper, six new ratio and regression type estimators are proposed for imputing values for any missing y data and estimating a population mean for y from samples with missing x and/or y data. A simulation study has been conducted to compare the six ratio and regression type estimators with a previous estimator of Rueda. Two population sizes N = 1,000 and 5,000 have been considered with sample sizes of 10% and 30% and with correlation coefficients between population variables X and Y of 0.5 and 0.8. In the simulations, 10 and 40 percent of sample y values and 10 and 40 percent of sample x values were randomly designated as missing. The new ratio and regression type estimators give similar mean absolute percentage errors that are smaller than the Rueda estimator for all cases. The new estimators give a large reduction in errors for the case of 40% missing y values and sampling fraction of 30%.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Auxiliary%20variable" title="Auxiliary variable">Auxiliary variable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=missing%20data" title=" missing data"> missing data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ratio%20and%20regression%0D%0Atype%20estimators." title=" ratio and regression type estimators."> ratio and regression type estimators.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14354/adjusted-ratio-and-regression-type-estimators-for-estimation-of-population-mean-when-some-observations-are-missing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14354/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14354/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14354/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14354/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14354/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14354/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14354/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14354/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14354/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14354/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14354.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1732</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1860</span> Optimal Design of Airfoil with High Aspect Ratio in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kyoungwoo%20Park">Kyoungwoo Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ji-Won%20Han"> Ji-Won Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hyo-Jae%20Lim"> Hyo-Jae Lim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Byeong-Sam%20Kim"> Byeong-Sam Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Juhee%20Lee"> Juhee Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Shape optimization of the airfoil with high aspect ratio of long endurance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is performed by the multi-objective optimization technology coupled with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). For predicting the aerodynamic characteristics around the airfoil the high-fidelity Navier-Stokes solver is employed and SMOGA (Simple Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm), which is developed by authors, is used for solving the multi-objective optimization problem. To obtain the optimal solutions of the design variable (i.e., sectional airfoil profile, wing taper ratio and sweep) for high performance of UAVs, both the lift and lift-to-drag ratio are maximized whereas the pitching moment should be minimized, simultaneously. It is found that the lift force and lift-to-drag ratio are linearly dependent and a unique and dominant solution are existed. However, a trade-off phenomenon is observed between the lift-to-drag ratio and pitching moment. As the result of optimization, sixty-five (65) non-dominated Pareto individuals at the cutting edge of design spaces that is decided by airfoil shapes can be obtained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Unmanned%20aerial%20vehicle%20%28UAV%29" title="Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)">Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Airfoil" title=" Airfoil"> Airfoil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shape%20optimization" title="Shape optimization">Shape optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lift-to-drag%20ratio." title=" Lift-to-drag ratio."> Lift-to-drag ratio.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11529/optimal-design-of-airfoil-with-high-aspect-ratio-in-unmanned-aerial-vehicles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11529/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11529/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11529/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11529/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11529/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11529/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11529/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11529/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11529/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11529/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11529.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">6436</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1859</span> Model Predictive Fuzzy Control of Air-ratio for Automotive Engines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hang-cheong%20Wong">Hang-cheong Wong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pak-kin%20Wong"> Pak-kin Wong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chi-man%20Vong"> Chi-man Vong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zhengchao%20Xie"> Zhengchao Xie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shaojia%20Huang"> Shaojia Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Automotive engine air-ratio plays an important role of emissions and fuel consumption reduction while maintains satisfactory engine power among all of the engine control variables. In order to effectively control the air-ratio, this paper presents a model predictive fuzzy control algorithm based on online least-squares support vector machines prediction model and fuzzy logic optimizer. The proposed control algorithm was also implemented on a real car for testing and the results are highly satisfactory. Experimental results show that the proposed control algorithm can regulate the engine air-ratio to the stoichiometric value, 1.0, under external disturbance with less than 5% tolerance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Air-ratio" title="Air-ratio">Air-ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fuzzy%20logic" title=" Fuzzy logic"> Fuzzy logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=online%20least-squares%20support%0Avector%20machine" title=" online least-squares support vector machine"> online least-squares support vector machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=model%20predictive%20control." title=" model predictive control."> model predictive control.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9738/model-predictive-fuzzy-control-of-air-ratio-for-automotive-engines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9738/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9738/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9738/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9738/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9738/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9738/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9738/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9738/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9738/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9738/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9738.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1809</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1858</span> Effect of Lime on the California Bearing Ratio Behaviour of Fly Ash - mine Overburden Mixes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20Behera">B. Behera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20K.%20Mishra"> M. K. Mishra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Typically thermal power plants are located near to surface coal mines that produce huge amount of fly ash as a waste byproduct. Disposal of fly ash causes significant economic and environmental problems. Now-a-days, research is going on for bulk utilization of fly ash. In order to increase its percentage utilization, an investigation was carried out to evaluate its potential for haul road construction. This paper presents the laboratory California bearing ratio (CBR) tests and evaluates the effect of lime on CBR behavior of fly ash - mine overburden mixes. Tests were performed with different percentages of lime (2%, 3%, 6%, and 9%). The results show that the increase in bearing ratio of fly ash-overburden mixes was achieved by lime treatment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were conducted on 28 days cured specimens. The SEM study showed that the bearing ratio development is related to the microstructural development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=California%20bearing%20ratio" title="California bearing ratio">California bearing ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fly%20ash" title=" Fly ash"> Fly ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mine%20overburden" title=" Mine overburden"> Mine overburden</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lime." title="Lime.">Lime.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4458/effect-of-lime-on-the-california-bearing-ratio-behaviour-of-fly-ash-mine-overburden-mixes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4458/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4458/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4458/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4458/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4458/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4458/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4458/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4458/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4458/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4458/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4458.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1629</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1857</span> Effect of the Rise/Span Ratio of a Spherical Cap Shell on the Buckling Load</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Peter%20N.%20Khakina">Peter N. Khakina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohammed%20I.%20Ali"> Mohammed I. Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Enchun%20Zhu"> Enchun Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Huazhang%20Zhou"> Huazhang Zhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Baydaa%20H.%20Moula"> Baydaa H. Moula</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rise/span ratio has been mentioned as one of the reasons which contribute to the lower buckling load as compared to the Classical theory buckling load but this ratio has not been quantified in the equation. The purpose of this study was to determine a more realistic buckling load by quantifying the effect of the rise/span ratio because experiments have shown that the Classical theory overestimates the load. The buckling load equation was derived based on the theorem of work done and strain energy. Thereafter, finite element modeling and simulation using ABAQUS was done to determine the variables that determine the constant in the derived equation. The rise/span was found to be the determining factor of the constant in the buckling load equation. The derived buckling load correlates closely to the load obtained from experiments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Buckling" title="Buckling">Buckling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Finite%20element" title=" Finite element"> Finite element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rise%2Fspan%20ratio" title=" Rise/span ratio"> Rise/span ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sphericalcap" title=" Sphericalcap"> Sphericalcap</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9280/effect-of-the-risespan-ratio-of-a-spherical-cap-shell-on-the-buckling-load" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9280/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9280/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9280/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9280/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9280/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9280/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9280/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9280/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9280/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9280/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9280.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1856</span> Empirical Analysis of Private Listed Companies- Debt Financing and Business Performance in Jiangsu Province</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chengxuan%20Geng">Chengxuan Geng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Haitao%20E"> Haitao E</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yijie%20Jiang"> Yijie Jiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>According to the theory of capital structure, this paper uses principal component analysis and linear regression analysis to study the relationship between the debt characteristics of the private listed companies in Jiangsu Province and their business performance. The results show that the average debt ratio of the 29 private listed companies selected from the sample is lower. And it is found that for the sample whose debt ratio is lower than 80%, its debt ratio is negatively related to corporate performance, while for the sample whose debt ratio is beyond 80%, the relationship of debt financing and enterprise performance shows the different trends. The conclusions reflect the drawbacks may exist that the debt ratio is relatively low and having not take full advantage of debt governance effect of the private listed companies in Jiangsu Province.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=private%20listed%20companies" title="private listed companies">private listed companies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=debt%20financing" title=" debt financing"> debt financing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=business%0D%0Aperformance" title=" business performance"> business performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3748/empirical-analysis-of-private-listed-companies-debt-financing-and-business-performance-in-jiangsu-province" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3748/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3748/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3748/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3748/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3748/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3748/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3748/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3748/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3748/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3748/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3748.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1543</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1855</span> Compromise Ratio Method for Decision Making under Fuzzy Environment using Fuzzy Distance Measure </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Debashree%20Guha">Debashree Guha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Debjani%20Chakraborty"> Debjani Chakraborty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The aim of this paper is to adopt a compromise ratio (CR) methodology for fuzzy multi-attribute single-expert decision making proble. In this paper, the rating of each alternative has been described by linguistic terms, which can be expressed as triangular fuzzy numbers. The compromise ratio method for fuzzy multi-attribute single expert decision making has been considered here by taking the ranking index based on the concept that the chosen alternative should be as close as possible to the ideal solution and as far away as possible from the negative-ideal solution simultaneously. From logical point of view, the distance between two triangular fuzzy numbers also is a fuzzy number, not a crisp value. Therefore a fuzzy distance measure, which is itself a fuzzy number, has been used here to calculate the difference between two triangular fuzzy numbers. Now in this paper, with the help of this fuzzy distance measure, it has been shown that the compromise ratio is a fuzzy number and this eases the problem of the decision maker to take the decision. The computation principle and the procedure of the compromise ratio method have been described in detail in this paper. A comparative analysis of the compromise ratio method previously proposed [1] and the newly adopted method have been illustrated with two numerical examples.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Compromise%20ratio%20method" title="Compromise ratio method">Compromise ratio method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fuzzy%20multi-attributesingle-expert%20decision%20making" title=" Fuzzy multi-attributesingle-expert decision making"> Fuzzy multi-attributesingle-expert decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fuzzy%20number" title=" Fuzzy number"> Fuzzy number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Linguistic%20variable" title=" Linguistic variable"> Linguistic variable</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7070/compromise-ratio-method-for-decision-making-under-fuzzy-environment-using-fuzzy-distance-measure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7070/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7070/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7070/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7070/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7070/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7070/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7070/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7070/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7070/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7070/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7070.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1854</span> A Computational Study into the Effect of Design Parameters on Ignition Timing and Emission Characteristics of HCCI Engine in Internal Combustion Engines Fuelled with Isooctane</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fridhi%20Hadia">Fridhi Hadia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Soua%20Wadhah"> Soua Wadhah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hidouri%20Ammar"> Hidouri Ammar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Omri%20Ahmed"> Omri Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In order to understand the auto-ignition process in a HCCI engine better, the influence of some important parameters on the auto-ignition is investigated. The inlet temperature, the inlet pressure, and the compression ratio were varied and their influence on the ignition delays and emission characteristics were studied. The inlet temperature was changed from 400 K to 460 K (in step of 15 K), the inlet pressure from 0.9 to 3 atm, while the compression ratio varied from 15 to 23. The fuel that was investigated is isooctane. The inlet temperature, the inlet pressure, and the compression ratio appeared to decrease the ignition delays, with the inlet pressure having the least influence and the compression ratio the most. The effect of these parameters on emissions’ characteristics were also investigated. Results indicate that increasing the compression ratio results in increasing the concentration of all the species.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Compression%20Ratio" title="Compression Ratio">Compression Ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=intake%20temperature" title=" intake temperature"> intake temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=intake%20pressure" title=" intake pressure"> intake pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=HCCI%20engine" title=" HCCI engine"> HCCI engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=isooctane." title=" isooctane. "> isooctane. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004341/a-computational-study-into-the-effect-of-design-parameters-on-ignition-timing-and-emission-characteristics-of-hcci-engine-in-internal-combustion-engines-fuelled-with-isooctane" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004341/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004341/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004341/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004341/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004341/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004341/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004341/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004341/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004341/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004341/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004341.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1710</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1853</span> Effect of Load Ratio on Probability Distribution of Fatigue Crack Propagation Life in Magnesium Alloys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Seon%20Soon%20Choi">Seon Soon Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is necessary to predict a fatigue crack propagation life for estimation of structural integrity. Because of an uncertainty and a randomness of a structural behavior, it is also required to analyze stochastic characteristics of the fatigue crack propagation life at a specified fatigue crack size. The essential purpose of this study is to find the effect of load ratio on probability distribution of the fatigue crack propagation life at a specified grown crack size and to confirm the good probability distribution in magnesium alloys under various fatigue load ratio conditions. To investigate a stochastic crack growth behavior, fatigue crack propagation experiments are performed in laboratory air under several conditions of fatigue load ratio using AZ31. By Anderson-Darling test, a goodness-of-fit test for probability distribution of the fatigue crack propagation life is performed. The effect of load ratio on variability of fatigue crack propagation life is also investigated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Load%20ratio" title="Load ratio">Load ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fatigue%20crack%20propagation%20life" title=" fatigue crack propagation life"> fatigue crack propagation life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Magnesium%20alloys" title=" Magnesium alloys"> Magnesium alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=probability%20distribution." title=" probability distribution."> probability distribution.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002023/effect-of-load-ratio-on-probability-distribution-of-fatigue-crack-propagation-life-in-magnesium-alloys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002023/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002023/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002023/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002023/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002023/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002023/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002023/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002023/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002023/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002023/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002023.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1721</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1852</span> A New Bound on the Average Information Ratio of Perfect Secret-Sharing Schemes for Access Structures Based On Bipartite Graphs of Larger Girth</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hui-Chuan%20Lu">Hui-Chuan Lu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In a perfect secret-sharing scheme, a dealer distributes a secret among a set of participants in such a way that only qualified subsets of participants can recover the secret and the joint share of the participants in any unqualified subset is statistically independent of the secret. The access structure of the scheme refers to the collection of all qualified subsets. In a graph-based access structures, each vertex of a graph G represents a participant and each edge of G represents a minimal qualified subset. The average information ratio of a perfect secret-sharing scheme realizing a given access structure is the ratio of the average length of the shares given to the participants to the length of the secret. The infimum of the average information ratio of all possible perfect secret-sharing schemes realizing an access structure is called the optimal average information ratio of that access structure. We study the optimal average information ratio of the access structures based on bipartite graphs. Based on some previous results, we give a bound on the optimal average information ratio for all bipartite graphs of girth at least six. This bound is the best possible for some classes of bipartite graphs using our approach.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Secret-sharing%20scheme" title="Secret-sharing scheme">Secret-sharing scheme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=average%20information%20ratio" title=" average information ratio"> average information ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=star%0D%0Acovering" title=" star covering"> star covering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=deduction" title=" deduction"> deduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=core%20cluster." title=" core cluster."> core cluster.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998635/a-new-bound-on-the-average-information-ratio-of-perfect-secret-sharing-schemes-for-access-structures-based-on-bipartite-graphs-of-larger-girth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998635/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998635/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998635/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998635/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998635/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998635/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998635/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998635/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998635/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998635/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998635.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1851</span> On Cross-Ratio in some Moufang-Klingenberg Planes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Atilla%20Akpinar">Atilla Akpinar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Basri%20Celik"> Basri Celik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper we are interested in Moufang-Klingenberg planesM(A) defined over a local alternative ring A of dual numbers. We show that a collineation of M(A) preserve cross-ratio. Also, we obtain some results about harmonic points. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Moufang-Klingenberg%20planes" title="Moufang-Klingenberg planes">Moufang-Klingenberg planes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=local%20alternative%20ring" title=" local alternative ring"> local alternative ring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=projective%20collineation" title=" projective collineation"> projective collineation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cross-ratio" title=" cross-ratio"> cross-ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=harmonic%20points." title=" harmonic points."> harmonic points.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7820/on-cross-ratio-in-some-moufang-klingenberg-planes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7820/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7820/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7820/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7820/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7820/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7820/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7820/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7820/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7820/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7820/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7820.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1850</span> Effect of Single Overload Ratio and Stress Ratio on Fatigue Crack Growth</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Benachour">M. Benachour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Benachour"> N. Benachour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Benguediab"> M. Benguediab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this investigation variation of cyclic loading effect on fatigue crack growth is the studied. This study is performed on 2024 T351 and 7050-T74 aluminum alloys, used in aeronautical structures. The propagation model used in this study is NASGRO model. In constant amplitude loading (CA), effect of stress ratio has been investigated. Fatigue life and fatigue crack growth rate were affected by this factor. Results showed an increasing in fatigue crack growth rates (FCGRs) with increasing stress ratio. Variable amplitude loading (VAL) can take many forms i.e. with a single overload, overload band… etc. The shape of these loads affects strongly the fracture life and FCGRs. The application of a single overload (ORL) decrease the FCGR and increase the delay crack length caused by the formation of a larger plastic zone compared to the plastic zone due without VAL. The fatigue behavior of the both material under single overload has been compared.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fatigue%20crack%20growth" title="Fatigue crack growth">Fatigue crack growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=overload%20ratio" title=" overload ratio"> overload ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=stress%20ratio" title=" stress ratio"> stress ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=generalized%20willenborg%20model" title=" generalized willenborg model"> generalized willenborg model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=retardation" title=" retardation"> retardation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Al-alloys." title=" Al-alloys. "> Al-alloys. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996857/effect-of-single-overload-ratio-and-stress-ratio-on-fatigue-crack-growth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996857/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996857/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996857/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996857/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996857/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996857/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996857/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996857/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996857/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996857/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996857.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3601</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1849</span> Heat Transfer Enhancement Studies in a Circular Tube Fitted with Right-Left Helical Inserts with Spacer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20K.%20Nagarajan">P. K. Nagarajan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Sivashanmugam"> P. Sivashanmugam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Experimental investigation of heat transfer and friction factor characteristics of circular tube fitted with 300 right-left helical screw inserts with 100 mm spacer of different twist ratio has been presented for laminar and turbulent flow.. The experimental data obtained were compared with those obtained from plain tube published data. The heat transfer coefficient enhancement for 300 RL inserts with 100 mm spacer is quite comparable with for 300 R-L inserts. Performance evaluation analysis has been made and found that the performance ratio increases with increasing Reynolds number and decreasing twist ration with the maximum for the twist ratio 2.93. Also, the performance ratio of more than one indicates that the type of twist inserts can be used effectively for heat transfer augmentation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Heat%20transfer%20augmentation" title="Heat transfer augmentation">Heat transfer augmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=right-left%20helical%20screw%20inserts%20with%20spacer" title=" right-left helical screw inserts with spacer"> right-left helical screw inserts with spacer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Twist%20ratio" title=" Twist ratio"> Twist ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Heat%20Transfer" title=" Heat Transfer"> Heat Transfer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15881/heat-transfer-enhancement-studies-in-a-circular-tube-fitted-with-right-left-helical-inserts-with-spacer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15881/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15881/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15881/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15881/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15881/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15881/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15881/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15881/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15881/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15881/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15881.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2556</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1848</span> Upper Bound of the Generalize p-Value for the Behrens-Fisher Problem with a Known Ratio of Variances</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rada%20Somkhuean">Rada Somkhuean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Suparat%20Niwitpong"> Suparat Niwitpong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sa-aat%20Niwitpong"> Sa-aat Niwitpong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper presents the generalized p-values for testing the Behrens-Fisher problem when a ratio of variance is known. We also derive a closed form expression of the upper bound of the proposed generalized p-value.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Generalized%20p-value" title="Generalized p-value">Generalized p-value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=hypothesis%20testing" title=" hypothesis testing"> hypothesis testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ratio%20of%20variances" title=" ratio of variances"> ratio of variances</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=upper%20bound." title=" upper bound."> upper bound.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16727/upper-bound-of-the-generalize-p-value-for-the-behrens-fisher-problem-with-a-known-ratio-of-variances" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16727/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16727/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16727/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16727/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16727/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16727/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16727/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16727/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16727/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16727/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16727.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1847</span> Study of Photonic Crystal Band Gap and Hexagonal Microcavity Based on Elliptical Shaped Holes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Benmerkhi">A. Benmerkhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Bounouioua"> A. Bounouioua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Bouchemat"> M. Bouchemat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Bouchemat"> T. Bouchemat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, we present a numerical optical properties of a triangular periodic lattice of elliptical air holes. We report the influence of the ratio (semi-major axis length of elliptical hole to the filling ratio) on the photonic band gap. Then by using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) algorithm, the resonant wavelength of the point defect microcavities in a two-dimensional photonic crystal (PC) shifts towards the low wavelengths with significantly increased filing ratio. It can be noted that the Q factor is gradually changed to higher when the filling ratio increases. It is due to an increase in reflectivity of the PC mirror. Also we theoretically investigate the H1 cavity, where the value of semi-major axis (Rx) of the six holes surrounding the cavity are fixed at 0.5a and the Rx of the two edge air holes are fixed at the optimum value of 0.52a. The highest Q factor of 4.1359 × 10<sup>6</sup> is achieved at the resonant mode located at λ = 1.4970 µm.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Photonic%20crystal" title="Photonic crystal">Photonic crystal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microcavity" title=" microcavity"> microcavity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=filling%20ratio" title=" filling ratio"> filling ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=elliptical%20holes." title=" elliptical holes."> elliptical holes.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011570/study-of-photonic-crystal-band-gap-and-hexagonal-microcavity-based-on-elliptical-shaped-holes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011570/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011570/bibtex" target="_blank" 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