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Вікікнігі — Вікіпедыя

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class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Галоўнае меню</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Галоўнае меню</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Навігацыя </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Адкрыць Галоўную старонку [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Галоўная старонка</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Пра праект, чым можна заняцца, дзе што шукаць"><span>Супольнасць</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:RecentChanges" title="Пералік нядаўніх змяненняў у віксе. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Апошнія змены</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:NewPages"><span>Новыя старонкі</span></a></li><li id="n-Village-pump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC"><span>Форум</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Random" title="Паказаць выпадковую старонку [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Выпадковая старонка</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дзе можна атрымаць тлумачэнні."><span>Даведка</span></a></li><li id="n-bug_in_article" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96"><span>Паведаміць пра памылку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Вікіпедыя" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-be.svg" style="width: 7.625em; height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-be.svg" width="117" height="12" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Знайсці ў Вікіпедыі [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Пошук</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Шукаць у Вікіпедыі" aria-label="Шукаць у Вікіпедыі" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Знайсці ў Вікіпедыі [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Адмысловае:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Пошук</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Асабістыя інструменты"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Выгляд"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Выгляд" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Выгляд</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_be.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=be" class=""><span>Ахвяраваць</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CreateAccount&amp;returnto=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96" title="Вам прапануецца стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта не абавязкова" class=""><span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UserLogin&amp;returnto=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96" title="Вам прапануецца ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Увайсці</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Больш магчымасцей" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Асабістыя інструменты" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Асабістыя інструменты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Меню ўдзельніка" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_be.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=be"><span>Ахвяраваць</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CreateAccount&amp;returnto=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96" title="Вам прапануецца стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта не абавязкова"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UserLogin&amp;returnto=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96" title="Вам прапануецца ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Увайсці</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Старонкі для ананімных рэдактараў <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" aria-label="Даведацца больш пра праўку"><span>даведацца больш</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyContributions" title="Спіс правак, зробленых з гэтага IP-адраса [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Уклад</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyTalk" title="Размовы пра праўкі, зробленыя з гэтага IP-адраса [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Праект"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Змест" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Змест</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Пачатак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Спасылкі" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Спасылкі"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Спасылкі</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Спасылкі-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Змест" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Пераключыць змест" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Пераключыць змест</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Вікікнігі</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перайсці да артыкула на іншай мове. Даступны на 101 мове." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-101" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">101 мова</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – афрыкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="афрыкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – швейцарская нямецкая" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарская нямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikib%C4%93c" title="Wikibēc – стараанглійская" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Wikibēc" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="стараанглійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="ويكي الكتب – арабская" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويكي الكتب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%A6%9B" title="ৱিকিবুক্‌ছ – асамская" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৱিকিবুক্‌ছ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="асамская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikikitab" title="Vikikitab – азербайджанская" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Vikikitab" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikilibro" title="Wikilibro – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Wikilibro" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96" title="Вікікнігі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вікікнігі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikikitab" title="Wikikitab – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Wikikitab" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Уикикниги – балгарская" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уикикниги" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="балгарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%87" title="উইকিবই – бенгальская" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইকিবই" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viquillibres" title="Viquillibres – каталанская" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Viquillibres" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiki_Ku%C3%B3-bu%C5%8Dng" title="Wiki Kuó-buōng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Wiki Kuó-buōng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%88%DA%A9" title="ویکیپەرتووک – цэнтральнакурдская" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ویکیپەرتووک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="цэнтральнакурдская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikiknihy" title="Wikiknihy – чэшская" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Wikiknihy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чэшская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B8-%D0%BA%C4%95%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Викки-кĕнеке – чувашская" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Викки-кĕнеке" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wicilyfrau" title="Wicilyfrau – валійская" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Wicilyfrau" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – дацкая" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – нямецкая" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="нямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikik%C4%B1tabi" title="Wikikıtabi – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Wikikıtabi" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Βικιβιβλία – грэчаская" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βικιβιβλία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грэчаская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – англійская" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikilibroj" title="Vikilibroj – эсперанта" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vikilibroj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанта" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikilibros" title="Wikilibros – іспанская" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wikilibros" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="іспанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viki%C3%B5pikud" title="Vikiõpikud – эстонская" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vikiõpikud" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – баскская" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="ویکی‌کتاب – фарсі" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویکی‌کتاب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="фарсі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikikirjasto" title="Wikikirjasto – фінская" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Wikikirjasto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – французская" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikilibros" title="Wikilibros – галісійская" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Wikilibros" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галісійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – хауса" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="хауса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8" title="ויקיספר – іўрыт" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ויקיספר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="іўрыт" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%95" title="विकिपुस्तक – хіндзі" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विकिपुस्तक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хіндзі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikiknjige" title="Wikiknjige – харвацкая" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Wikiknjige" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="харвацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikik%C3%B6nyvek" title="Wikikönyvek – венгерская" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Wikikönyvek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AB%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%A3%D6%80%D6%84%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Վիքիգրքեր – армянская" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վիքիգրքեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibuku" title="Wikibuku – інданезійская" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wikibuku" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="інданезійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – ігба" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="ігба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uiqimaqpi%C4%A1aaqa%C4%A1vik" title="Uiqimaqpiġaaqaġvik – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Uiqimaqpiġaaqaġvik" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikib%C3%A6kur" title="Wikibækur – ісландская" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Wikibækur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ісландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – італьянская" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="італьянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%96%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9" title="ウィキブックス – японская" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウィキブックス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – яванская" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="яванская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%92%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ვიკიწიგნები – грузінская" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვიკიწიგნები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikikitaplar" title="Wikikitaplar – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Wikikitaplar" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – кікуйю" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="кікуйю" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%95" title="ವಿಕಿಪುಸ್ತಕ – канада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವಿಕಿಪುಸ್ತಕ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="канада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EC%B1%85" title="위키책 – карэйская" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위키책" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="карэйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%AEk%C3%AEpirt%C3%BBk" title="Wîkîpirtûk – курдская" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Wîkîpirtûk" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicilibri" title="Vicilibri – лацінская" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Vicilibri" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="лацінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibeuk" title="Wikibeuk – лімбургская" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Wikibeuk" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лімбургская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikiknygos" title="Vikiknygos – літоўская" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vikiknygos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="літоўская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – латышская" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Викикниги – македонская" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Викикниги" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="വിക്കിബുക്സ് – малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വിക്കിബുക്സ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="मराठी विकिबुक्स – маратхі" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मराठी विकिबुक्स" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратхі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibuku" title="Wikibuku – малайская" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wikibuku" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikotba" title="Wikotba – мальтыйская" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Wikotba" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="мальтыйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%95" title="विकिपुस्तक – непальская" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="विकिपुस्तक" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – нідэрландская" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нідэрландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – нарвежская (нюношк)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нарвежская (нюношк)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikib%C3%B8ker" title="Wikibøker – нарвежская (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wikibøker" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="нарвежская (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – аксітанская" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="аксітанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%89%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%A5%E0%AC%BF" title="ଉଇକିପୋଥି – орыя" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଉଇକିପୋଥି" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="орыя" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82" title="ਵਿਕੀਕਿਤਾਬਾਂ – панджабі" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਿਕੀਕਿਤਾਬਾਂ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панджабі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – польская" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikilivros" title="Wikilivros – партугальская" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wikilivros" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="партугальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikimanuale" title="Wikimanuale – румынская" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Wikimanuale" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Викиучебник – руская" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Викиучебник" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibeuks" title="Wikibeuks – шатландская" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Wikibeuks" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шатландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – сербскахарвацкая" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскахарвацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – сінгальская" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сінгальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikiknihy" title="Wikiknihy – славацкая" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Wikiknihy" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="славацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikiknjige" title="Wikiknjige – славенская" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Wikiknjige" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="славенская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – албанская" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%9A%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="Викикњиге – сербская" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Викикњиге" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – шведская" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – суахілі" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="விக்கிநூல்கள் – тамільская" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="விக்கிநூல்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамільская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tdd mw-list-item"><a href="https://tdd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A5%9D%E1%A5%A4%E1%A5%B1_%E1%A5%91%E1%A5%A4%E1%A5%B1_%E1%A5%99%E1%A5%99" title="ᥝᥤᥱ ᥑᥤᥱ ᥙᥙ – Tai Nuea" lang="tdd" hreflang="tdd" data-title="ᥝᥤᥱ ᥑᥤᥱ ᥙᥙ" data-language-autonym="ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ" data-language-local-name="Tai Nuea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="వికీబుక్స్ – тэлугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వికీబుక్స్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="тэлугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B1" title="Викикитоб – таджыкская" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Викикитоб" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджыкская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2" title="วิกิตำรา – тайская" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิกิตำรา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikikitap" title="Vikikitap – турэцкая" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vikikitap" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турэцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF" title="Викикитап – татарская" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Викикитап" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Вікіпідручник – украінская" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вікіпідручник" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="ویکی کتب – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ویکی کتب" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikikitob" title="Vikikitob – узбекская" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Vikikitob" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – в’етнамская" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="в’етнамская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%95%99%E7%A7%91%E4%B9%A6" title="维基教科书 – ву" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="维基教科书" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%A2%D7%A8" title="וויקיביכער – ідыш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="וויקיביכער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="ідыш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veizgiek_Gobwnj" title="Veizgiek Gobwnj – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Veizgiek Gobwnj" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E6%95%99%E7%A7%91%E6%9B%B8" title="維基教科書 – кітайская" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="維基教科書" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кітайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Wikibooks" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC" title="維基書本 – кантонскі дыялект кітайскай" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="維基書本" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонскі дыялект кітайскай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q367#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Правіць міжмоўныя спасылкі" class="wbc-editpage">Правіць спасылкі</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Прасторы назваў"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96" title="Паказаць уласна змест старонкі [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Старонка</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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[h]" accesskey="h"><span>Паказаць гісторыю</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Інструменты" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Інструменты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Інструменты</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Больш магчымасцей" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Дзеянні </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96"><span>Чытаць</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96&amp;veaction=edit" title="Правіць старонку [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Правіць</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96&amp;action=edit" title="Правіць зыходны код гэтай старонкі [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Правіць зыходнік</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96&amp;action=history"><span>Паказаць гісторыю</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Агульныя </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:WhatLinksHere/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96" title="Спіс вікістаронак, якія спасылаюцца сюды [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Сюды спасылаюцца</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:RecentChangesLinked/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96" rel="nofollow" title="Нядаўнія змены ў старонках, на якія спасылаецца гэтая старонка [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Звязаныя праўкі</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:SpecialPages" title="Пералік усіх адмысловых старонак [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Адмысловыя старонкі</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96&amp;oldid=4276242" title="Нязменная спасылка на гэтую версію гэтай старонкі"><span>Нязменная спасылка</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96&amp;action=info" title="Больш звестак пра гэту старонку"><span>Звесткі пра старонку</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CiteThisPage&amp;page=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96&amp;id=4276242&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Інфармацыя пра тое, як цытаваць гэтую старонку"><span>Цытаваць гэту старонку</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%2592%25D1%2596%25D0%25BA%25D1%2596%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BD%25D1%2596%25D0%25B3%25D1%2596"><span>Атрымаць скарочаны URL-адрас</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%2592%25D1%2596%25D0%25BA%25D1%2596%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BD%25D1%2596%25D0%25B3%25D1%2596"><span>Спампаваць QR-код</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Друк/экспарт </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Book&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96"><span>Стварыць кнігу</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Спампаваць як PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96&amp;printable=yes" title="Друкавальная версія гэтай старонкі [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Для друку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> У іншых праектах </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" hreflang="en"><span>Вікісховішча</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-meta mw-list-item"><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikibooks" hreflang="en"><span>МетаВікі</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q367" title="Спасылка на звязаны элемент рэпазітара даных [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Элемент Вікіданых</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Выгляд"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Выгляд</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">З Вікіпедыі, свабоднай энцыклапедыі</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="be" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox infobox-18154f20ecfde8fa" style="" data-name="Сайт"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-above" style="background:#cfe3ff;">Вікікнігі</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q367$c0266bc1-4550-823a-e929-147f9c87e0a5" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P1705&#91;LANGUAGE!:BE&#93;&#91;LANGUAGE!:BE-X-OLD&#93;&#91;LANGUAGE!:MIS&#93;"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Англійская мова">англ.</a>: <span style="font-style: italic;" lang="en">Wikibooks</span></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style=""> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P154" class="no-wikidata"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Wikibooks-logo-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Выява лагатыпа" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Wikibooks-logo-en.svg/80px-Wikibooks-logo-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Wikibooks-logo-en.svg/120px-Wikibooks-logo-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Wikibooks-logo-en.svg/160px-Wikibooks-logo-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style=""> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q367$42b1ea3d-40c1-2de3-86b0-3186d1e590ad" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P18"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Wikibooks_screenshot_2009_-_visible.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Wikibooks_screenshot_2009_-_visible.png/274px-Wikibooks_screenshot_2009_-_visible.png" decoding="async" width="274" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Wikibooks_screenshot_2009_-_visible.png/411px-Wikibooks_screenshot_2009_-_visible.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Wikibooks_screenshot_2009_-_visible.png/548px-Wikibooks_screenshot_2009_-_visible.png 2x" data-file-width="1263" data-file-height="631" /></a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist"><a href="/wiki/URL" title="URL">URL</a></th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P856" class="no-wikidata"><a class="external text" href="https://www.wikibooks.org">wikibooks.org</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Камерцыйны</th> <td class="plainlist"> Не</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Тып сайта</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q367$6ae4addd-4c98-de3d-f7b6-217d94c4b4d9" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P31&#91;!Q35127&#93;"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82+%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0+%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F&amp;action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">праект Фонда Вікімедыя</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14827288" class="extiw" title="d:Q14827288">[d]</a></sup></span></span>,&#32;<span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q367$61f35c45-4778-8eb4-8db0-277acf0bcb2e" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P31&#91;!Q35127&#93;"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki-%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82&amp;action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">MediaWiki-сайт</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15633582" class="extiw" title="d:Q15633582">[d]</a></sup></span></span>&#32;і&#32;<span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q367$a9478528-487e-1e00-c2f6-c9cb2e43654c" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P31&#91;!Q35127&#93;"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=user-generated+content+platform&amp;action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">user-generated content platform</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122759350" class="extiw" title="d:Q122759350">[d]</a></sup></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Размяшчэнне сервера</th> <td class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q367$7bbf3217-4404-a9c2-084b-866ac2682b32" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P276"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BC%D1%96" title="Маямі">Маямі</a></span></span></li></ul></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Уладальнік</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P127" class="no-wikidata"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Фонд Вікімедыя">Фонд Вікімедыя</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Аўтар</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P112" class="no-wikidata"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q367$e8615120-40c1-abb9-c309-1f11fef9f470" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P50"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%96_%D0%92%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B7" title="Джымі Вэйлз">Джымі Вэйлз</a></span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Пачатак працы</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q367$fd4416db-4d67-313c-75b0-11bd4a9aad73" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P571"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="nowrap">19 ліпеня 2003</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Слоган</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q367$cbd2e2b7-45fe-8dd8-adb7-5e88b2b43100" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P1451"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="lang" lang="en">the open-content textbooks collection that anyone can edit</span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Рэйтынг <a href="/wiki/Alexa_Internet" title="Alexa Internet">Alexa</a></th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q367$5280c945-4b75-0250-4aa0-2434c3fb068c" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P1661"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak">2&#160;306</span></span></td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background:#dcebff;;"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="q367$24386F09-6943-4721-B390-94100A39B63F" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P373"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Wikibooks" title="commons:Category:Wikibooks"><img alt="Лагатып Вікісховішча" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span>&#160;<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Wikibooks" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Wikibooks">Медыяфайлы на Вікісховішчы</a></span></span></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Вікікнігі</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Англійская мова">англ.</a>: <span style="font-style: italic;" lang="en">Wikibooks</span>) -- свабодныя <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Падручнік">падручнікі</a>, якія працуюць на рухавічку <a href="/wiki/MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a>. У падручнікаў ёсць падстаронкі. 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style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Вікіслоўнік">Вікіслоўнік</a> •</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Вікікнігі</a> •</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Вікіцытатнік">Вікіцытатнік</a> •</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BA%D1%96&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Віківандроўкі (няма такой старонкі)">Віківандроўкі</a> •</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Вікікрыніцы">Вікікрыніцы</a> •</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%88%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Вікісховішча">Вікісховішча</a> •</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Віківіды">Віківіды</a> •</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Вікінавіны">Вікінавіны</a> •</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Віківерсітэт (няма такой старонкі)">Віківерсітэт</a> •</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Вікіданыя">Вікіданыя</a></span> </center></div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 7px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Лагатып «Фонду Вікімедыя»"><img alt="Лагатып «Фонду Вікімедыя»" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg/60px-Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg/90px-Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg/120px-Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Заснавальнікі</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><center><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%96_%D0%92%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B7" title="Джымі 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title="Катэгорыя:Вікіпедыя:Шаблон «Вонкавыя спасылкі» пусты">Вікіпедыя:Шаблон «Вонкавыя спасылкі» пусты</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Апошняе змяненне старонкі адбылося 16:47, 15 лістапада 2022.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Тэкст даступны на ўмовах <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.be">ліцэнзіі Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike</a>, у асобных выпадках могуць дзейнічаць дадатковыя ўмовы. 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