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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Ralph+Randolph+Gurley%22">"Ralph Randolph Gurley"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Ralph+Randolph+Gurley%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Ralph+Randolph+Gurley%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Ralph+Randolph+Gurley%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Ralph+Randolph+Gurley%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Ralph+Randolph+Gurley%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Ralph Randolph Gurley</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">May 26, 1797<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Lebanon,_Connecticut" title="Lebanon, Connecticut">Lebanon, Connecticut</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">July 30, 1872 (aged 75)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yale_College" title="Yale College">Yale College</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Clergyman</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ralph Randolph Gurley</b> (May 26, 1797 – July 30, 1872) was an American clergyman, an advocate of the separation of the races, and a major force for 50 years in the <a href="/wiki/American_Colonization_Society" title="American Colonization Society">American Colonization Society</a>. It offered passage to free black Americans to the ACS colony in west Africa. It bought land from chiefs of the indigenous Africans. Because of his influence in fundraising and education about the ACS, Gurley is considered one of the founders of <a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a>, which he named. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Randolph_Gurley&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gurley was born in <a href="/wiki/Lebanon,_Connecticut" title="Lebanon, Connecticut">Lebanon, Connecticut</a>, and gained an early education. He graduated from <a href="/wiki/Yale_College" title="Yale College">Yale College</a>, B.A. in 1818. He moved to Washington, D.C., where he was licensed to preach as a <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian">Presbyterian</a>. </p><p>On May 25, 1827, he married Eliza McLellan (1810?-1872).<sup id="cite_ref-lapsansky_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lapsansky-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – (Note: different spelling in Gurley source – Eliza McLellen (1812–1872, uncertain).<sup id="cite_ref-albert_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-albert-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had a large family, including William Henry Fitzhugh (1820) (this seems questionable as this birth was seven years before the couple married), Felicia Liberia Heneaus (1829), Ralph Randolph (1832–1833), Eliza (1834), Julia (1835), Mary Custis (1836), Ralph Randolph Gurley (b. 1841), Archibald Alexander (1841), Marion Ann Muirhead (1844), John McDonough "Mackie" (1846),<sup id="cite_ref-lapsansky_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lapsansky-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Caroline Rose Gurley (1847-died in infancy). </p><p>From 1822, Gurley began to work with the <a href="/wiki/American_Colonization_Society" title="American Colonization Society">American Colonization Society</a>. Although he was never ordained as a minister, Gurley was also appointed to serve as <a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives">Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives</a><sup id="cite_ref-house_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-house-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for the 21st and 22nd Congresses (1829–1833), and again for the 30th and 31st (1847–1851), opening each day's proceedings with a prayer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="American_Colonization_Society">American Colonization Society</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Randolph_Gurley&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: American Colonization Society"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Starting as a young man of about 25, Gurley acted as the agent and secretary of the <a href="/wiki/American_Colonization_Society" title="American Colonization Society">American Colonization Society</a> from 1822, soon after its founding, until 1872. By that time the West African colony founded by the Society had declared independence in 1847 as the Republic of Liberia. </p><p>The ACS was founded as an uneasy alliance of abolitionists and slaveholders. Members of each group were seeking solutions to the place of <a href="/wiki/Free_people_of_color" title="Free people of color">free people of color</a> or free blacks in United States society. Together members of this group proposed to relocate free American blacks to a new colony in West Africa. Chapters of the ACS were set up in several southern states, some of which initially funded their own relocation efforts to property they purchased in contiguous parcels along the African coast. Eventually they allowed it to be absorbed into the larger ACS enterprise. </p><p>While some ACS members referred to this transportation of blacks as "repatriation", by this time most blacks in America, including slaves, were native born. Most free blacks, some of whom had achieved freedom before the Revolution, wanted to gain equal civil rights in the nation they regarded as their own. But over time, the ACS did attract some black pioneers willing to settle in West Africa. </p><p>Because of continued discrimination against free blacks in American society, and especially among the slave societies of the South, where they were thought to threaten the stability of the slave regimes, even some abolitionists believed that free American blacks and newly manumitted slaves might be better off founding their own society in West Africa, with the eventual goal of self-government. Such members believed that if alternative settlement for free blacks were available, with financial support by the ACS, more slaveholders might be encouraged to manumit their slaves. After <a href="/wiki/Nat_Turner%27s_Rebellion" title="Nat Turner's Rebellion">Nat Turner's Rebellion</a> of 1831, most Southern states repealed the already limited rights of free blacks and <a href="/wiki/Free_people_of_color" title="Free people of color">free people of color</a>, and strengthened laws meant to control them through banning education, worship without white ministers, and group assemblies, for instance. Manumissions were sharply limited, generally available only by individual act of the state legislatures for each person to be freed. This procedure was so difficult that few slaveholders pursued freeing their slaves. </p><p>During the first ten years of Gurley's agency, the annual income of the society increased from $778 to $40,000. He traveled widely to deliver addresses in its behalf, as it needed funds to support the ships and relocation expenses of new settlers to Monrovia. He is considered one of the founders of <a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a>, which he named. </p><p>Gurley also edited the public-relations organ of the ACS, the <i><a href="/wiki/African_Repository" title="African Repository">African Repository</a> and Colonial Journal</i>. He sailed to England to solicit aid in the work of colonization. As in the British effort, American missionaries accompanied the settlers to the major settlement, <a href="/wiki/Monrovia" title="Monrovia">Monrovia</a>, in order to aid in converting the indigenous Africans they encountered. He continued to express the highest motives for the project, even after <a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a> gained independence from the ACA: </p> <dl><dd>"How should Virginians universally rejoice in the great evidences of Civilization growing & expanding on the west coast of Africa, through civilized Africans sent forth from their homes!" (letter, November 4, 1857)</dd></dl> <p>The British had earlier established their own colony in West Africa, at <a href="/wiki/Freetown" title="Freetown">Freetown</a> (now the capital of <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a>), for resettlement of blacks from <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (August 2019)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, Nova Scotia (<a href="/wiki/Black_Loyalists" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Loyalists">Black Loyalists</a> had been settled there from the American colonies after the Revolutionary War), and <a href="/wiki/Jamaican_Maroons" title="Jamaican Maroons">Jamaican Maroons</a>. In time, the British also resettled here captives who had been liberated from illegal slave ships after the banning of the Atlantic slave trade. </p><p>Former President <a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a> was among prominent American slaveholders who supported the work of the ACS. He bequeathed $2000 (~$3,363 in 2023) in his will through Gurley to the Society.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gurley visited Africa three times: in 1824 for the ACS, in order to resolve a dispute between the settlers and the appointed governor, <a href="/wiki/Jehudi_Ashmun" title="Jehudi Ashmun">Jehudi Ashmun</a>; in 1849 representing the US government, in order to report to it on the newly independent republic; and late in life, in 1868, on an independent trip on an ACS ship in a desire to see Liberia again, his life's work.<sup id="cite_ref-lapsansky_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lapsansky-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gurley also wrote a biography, <i>Life of <a href="/wiki/Jehudi_Ashmun" title="Jehudi Ashmun">Jehudi Ashmun</a></i> (1835), about the secretary of the Society who served as an early governor of the colony. He reported his <i>Mission to England for the American Colonization Society</i> (1841), and wrote an encomium, the <i>Life and Eloquence of Reverend Sylvester Larned</i> (1844). </p><p>In his biography of Ashmun (1835), Gurley wrote </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The friends of African Colonization have thought, that the consent of the South was indispensable for the safe abolition of slavery; that the work should be done with caution and preparation; that circumstances and consequences should be regarded; that a separation of races so distinct as the coloured and white in complexion, habits and condition is desirable for the happiness of both.</p></blockquote> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Ann_Randolph_Meade_Page" title="Ann Randolph Meade Page">Ann Randolph Meade Page</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Randolph_Gurley&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-lapsansky-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lapsansky_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lapsansky_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lapsansky_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEmma_J._Lapsansky-WernerMargaret_Hope_Bacon2010" class="citation book cs1">Emma J. Lapsansky-Werner; Margaret Hope Bacon, eds. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9X0rc6E9EGkC&q=Ralph+Randolph+Gurley"><i>Back to Africa: Benjamin Coates and the Colonization Movement in America, 1848–1880</i></a>. Penn State Press. (footnotes) pp. 228-229. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-271-04571-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-271-04571-9"><bdi>978-0-271-04571-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Back+to+Africa%3A+Benjamin+Coates+and+the+Colonization+Movement+in+America%2C+1848%E2%80%931880&rft.pages=%28footnotes%29+pp.+228-229&rft.pub=Penn+State+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-271-04571-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9X0rc6E9EGkC%26q%3DRalph%2BRandolph%2BGurley&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARalph+Randolph+Gurley" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-albert-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-albert_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGurley1897" class="citation book cs1">Gurley, Albert E. (1897). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historygenealogy00gurl/page/n6"><i>The History and Genealogy of the Gurley Family</i></a>. Hartford, Connecticut: Case, Lockwood, and Brainard Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+and+Genealogy+of+the+Gurley+Family&rft.place=Hartford%2C+Connecticut&rft.pub=Case%2C+Lockwood%2C+and+Brainard+Company&rft.date=1897&rft.aulast=Gurley&rft.aufirst=Albert+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistorygenealogy00gurl%2Fpage%2Fn6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARalph+Randolph+Gurley" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-house-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-house_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chaplain.house.gov/chaplaincy/history.html">"History of the Chaplaincy, Office of the Chaplain"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-09-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Chaplaincy%2C+Office+of+the+Chaplain&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchaplain.house.gov%2Fchaplaincy%2Fhistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARalph+Randolph+Gurley" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20031015045606/http://www.jamesmadisonmus.org/resources/will.htm">"James Madison Museum James Madison Will"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jamesmadisonmus.org/resources/will.htm">the original</a> on 15 October 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=James+Madison+Museum+James+Madison+Will&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jamesmadisonmus.org%2Fresources%2Fwill.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARalph+Randolph+Gurley" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Randolph_Gurley&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Albert E. Gurley, <i>The History and Genealogy of the Gurley Family</i>, Willimantic, Connecticut: printed by Case, Lockwood, and Brainard Company; Hartford, Connecticut, 1897.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Randolph_Gurley&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/gurley/menu.html">Sketch of the Life of the Rev. Lott Cary in "Life of Jehudi Ashmun, Late Colonial Agent in Liberia."</a> Washington: James C. Dunn, 1835.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.virtualology.com/apralphrandolphgurley/">"Ralph Randolph Gurley", <i>Appleton's Encyclopedia</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/toc/modeng/public/L571104.html">Letter, November 4 1857 to Dr. James H. Minor of Virginia</a>, quoted in the entry, Library of Virginia</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040923221026/http://chaplain.house.gov/histInfo.html">Chaplains of the US House of Representatives</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20031015045606/http://www.jamesmadisonmus.org/resources/will.htm">James Madison's will and testament</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FABE60;">Religious titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Reuben_Post" title="Reuben Post">Reuben Post</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives">Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives</a> </b><br />December 6, 1830 – December 5, 1831 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Reuben_Post" title="Reuben Post">Reuben Post</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">William T.S. Sprole</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives </b><br />December 6, 1847 – December 1, 1851 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Lyttleton_Morgan" title="Lyttleton Morgan">Lyttleton Morgan</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table><div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chaplains_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chaplains_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Template:Chaplains of the United States House of Representatives"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chaplains_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Template talk:Chaplains of the United States House of Representatives"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chaplains_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chaplains of the United States House of Representatives"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chaplains_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chaplains" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaplains">Chaplains</a> <a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives">of the United States House of Representatives</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Linn_(clergyman)" title="William Linn (clergyman)">Linn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Blair_(chaplain)" title="Samuel Blair (chaplain)">Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashbel_Green" title="Ashbel Green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Lyell_(chaplain)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Lyell (chaplain) (page does not exist)">Lyell</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Parkinson_(chaplain)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Parkinson (chaplain) (page does not exist)">Parkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Laurie_(chaplain)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Laurie (chaplain) (page does not exist)">Laurie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Elliott_(chaplain)" title="Robert Elliott (chaplain)">Elliott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obadiah_Bruen_Brown" title="Obadiah Bruen Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Lee_(Methodist)" title="Jesse Lee (Methodist)">Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Snethen" title="Nicholas Snethen">Snethen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Lee_(Methodist)" title="Jesse Lee (Methodist)">Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obadiah_Bruen_Brown" title="Obadiah Bruen Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Houghton_Cone" title="Spencer Houghton Cone">Cone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgiss_Allison" title="Burgiss Allison">Allison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nicholson_Campbell" title="John Nicholson Campbell">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Sparks" title="Jared Sparks">Sparks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Brackenridge_(clergyman)" title="John Brackenridge (clergyman)">Brackenridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Bidleman_Bascom" title="Henry Bidleman Bascom">Bascom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reuben_Post" title="Reuben Post">Post</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gurley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reuben_Post" title="Reuben Post">Post</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Stockton" title="Thomas H. Stockton">Stockton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Dunlap_Smith" title="Edward Dunlap Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Stockton" title="Thomas H. Stockton">Stockton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_C._Comstock" title="Oliver C. Comstock">Comstock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septimus_Tustin" title="Septimus Tustin">Tustin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Levi_R._Reese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Levi R. Reese (page does not exist)">Reese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Bates_(educator)" title="Joshua Bates (educator)">Bates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_W._Braxton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas W. Braxton (page does not exist)">Braxton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._French" title="John W. French">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Newland_Maffitt_(preacher)" title="John Newland Maffitt (preacher)">Maffitt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_T._Tiffany&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frederick T. Tiffany (page does not exist)">Tiffany</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_S._Tinsley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isaac S. Tinsley (page does not exist)">Tinsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Mitchel_Daily" title="William Mitchel Daily">Daily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Milburn" title="William Henry Milburn">Milburn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_T.S._Sprole&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William T.S. Sprole (page does not exist)">Sprole</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gurley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyttleton_Morgan" title="Lyttleton Morgan">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Gallaher" title="James Gallaher">Gallaher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Milburn" title="William Henry Milburn">Milburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Stockton" title="Thomas H. Stockton">Stockton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Channing" title="William Henry Channing">Channing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_B._Boynton" title="Charles B. Boynton">Boynton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_George_Butler" title="John George Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Israel_Leander_Townsend&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Israel Leander Townsend (page does not exist)">Townsend</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Poise&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Poise (page does not exist)">Poise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W.P._Harrison" class="mw-redirect" title="W.P. Harrison">Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Dunglison_Power&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frederick Dunglison Power (page does not exist)">Power</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Summerfield_Lindsay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Summerfield Lindsay (page does not exist)">Lindsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Milburn" title="William Henry Milburn">Milburn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_W._Haddaway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samuel W. Haddaway (page does not exist)">Haddaway</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_B._Bagby&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward B. Bagby (page does not exist)">Bagby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_N._Couden" title="Henry N. Couden">Couden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Shera_Montgomery" title="James Shera Montgomery">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Braskamp" title="Bernard Braskamp">Braskamp</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_G._Latch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward G. Latch (page does not exist)">Latch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_D._Ford" title="James D. Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_P._Coughlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel P. Coughlin">Coughlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_J._Conroy" title="Patrick J. Conroy">Conroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_G._Kibben" title="Margaret G. Kibben">Kibben</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/75px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/113px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Listed in chronological order of succession</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7287996#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7287996#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7287996#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000063175482">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/22571958">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/6603/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJfRBP7yTbQgDVgXqH97HC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/104255633">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50020342">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007454497805171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14155921">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/845832">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd104255633.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/244360839">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6348t4w">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Randolph_Gurley&oldid=1225467790">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Randolph_Gurley&oldid=1225467790</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" 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