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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ranking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 Notable members </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Blood_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Blood_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Blood services </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Blood_services-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Blood services subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Blood_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Blood_donation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Blood_donation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Blood donation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Blood_donation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tissue_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tissue_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Tissue services </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tissue_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Plasma_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plasma_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Plasma services </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plasma_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nucleic_acid_testing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nucleic_acid_testing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Nucleic acid testing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nucleic_acid_testing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leukoreduction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leukoreduction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Leukoreduction </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leukoreduction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Research </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cellular_therapies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cellular_therapies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.7 Cellular therapies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cellular_therapies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Training_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Training_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Training services </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Training_services-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Training services subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Training_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2018_mannequin_change" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2018_mannequin_change"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 2018 mannequin change </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2018_mannequin_change-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Course_offerings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Course_offerings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Course offerings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Course_offerings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scientific_Advisory_Council" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scientific_Advisory_Council"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Scientific Advisory Council </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scientific_Advisory_Council-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disaster_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disaster_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Disaster services </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Disaster_services-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Disaster services subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Disaster_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Disaster_Services_Workforce" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disaster_Services_Workforce"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Disaster Services Workforce </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disaster_Services_Workforce-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_Response_Framework" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_Response_Framework"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 National Response Framework </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_Response_Framework-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disaster_responses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disaster_responses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Disaster responses </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Disaster_responses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Disaster responses subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Disaster_responses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1908_Messina_earthquake" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1908_Messina_earthquake"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 1908 Messina earthquake </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1908_Messina_earthquake-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Role_in_the_United_States_occupation_of_Nicaragua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Role_in_the_United_States_occupation_of_Nicaragua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Role in the United States occupation of Nicaragua </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Role_in_the_United_States_occupation_of_Nicaragua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Role_in_World_War_One" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Role_in_World_War_One"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Role in World War One </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Role_in_World_War_One-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Role_in_Spanish_Flu_Outbreak_of_1918" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Role_in_Spanish_Flu_Outbreak_of_1918"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Role in Spanish Flu Outbreak of 1918 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Role_in_Spanish_Flu_Outbreak_of_1918-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interwar_European_reconstruction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interwar_European_reconstruction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Interwar European reconstruction </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interwar_European_reconstruction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russian_revolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russian_revolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.6 Russian revolution </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russian_revolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Role_in_World_War_Two" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Role_in_World_War_Two"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.7 Role in World War Two </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Role_in_World_War_Two-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2005_hurricanes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2005_hurricanes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.8 2005 hurricanes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2005_hurricanes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comair_Flight_5191" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comair_Flight_5191"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.9 Comair Flight 5191 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comair_Flight_5191-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2007_tornadoes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2007_tornadoes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.10 2007 tornadoes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2007_tornadoes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Florida" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Florida"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.10.1 Florida </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Florida-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kansas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kansas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.10.2 Kansas </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kansas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minneapolis_bridge_collapse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minneapolis_bridge_collapse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.11 Minneapolis bridge collapse </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minneapolis_bridge_collapse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2023_Hawaii_wildfires" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2023_Hawaii_wildfires"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.12 2023 Hawaii wildfires </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2023_Hawaii_wildfires-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 International services </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_services-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle International services subsection </button> <ul id="toc-International_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Disaster_preparedness_and_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disaster_preparedness_and_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Disaster preparedness and response </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disaster_preparedness_and_response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Flood_prevention_in_the_Huai_River_valley" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flood_prevention_in_the_Huai_River_valley"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1.1 Flood prevention in the Huai River valley </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flood_prevention_in_the_Huai_River_valley-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Haiti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Haiti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1.2 Haiti </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Haiti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Global_health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Global_health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Global health </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Global_health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_tracing_requests" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_tracing_requests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 International tracing requests </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_tracing_requests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_humanitarian_law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_humanitarian_law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 International humanitarian law </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_humanitarian_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Service_to_the_Armed_Forces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Service_to_the_Armed_Forces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Service to the Armed Forces </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Service_to_the_Armed_Forces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Controversies </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Controversies subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Johnson_&_Johnson_suit_over_Red_Cross_image" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Johnson_&_Johnson_suit_over_Red_Cross_image"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Johnson & Johnson suit over Red Cross image </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Johnson_&_Johnson_suit_over_Red_Cross_image-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Court_ordered_consent_decree" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Court_ordered_consent_decree"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Court ordered consent decree </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Court_ordered_consent_decree-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Blood_donation_controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Blood_donation_controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Blood donation controversy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Blood_donation_controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hurricane_Katrina_controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hurricane_Katrina_controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 Hurricane Katrina controversy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hurricane_Katrina_controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Question_of_spending_in_Haitian_earthquake_relief" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Question_of_spending_in_Haitian_earthquake_relief"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.5 Question of spending in Haitian earthquake relief </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Question_of_spending_in_Haitian_earthquake_relief-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Storms_controversy_(Hurricane_Sandy,_Isaac,_other_major_storms)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storms_controversy_(Hurricane_Sandy,_Isaac,_other_major_storms)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.6 Storms controversy (Hurricane Sandy, Isaac, other major storms) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Storms_controversy_(Hurricane_Sandy,_Isaac,_other_major_storms)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">American Red Cross</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" > 27 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A" title="الصليب الأحمر الأمريكي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الصليب الأحمر الأمريكي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikanisches_Rotes_Kreuz" title="Amerikanisches Rotes Kreuz – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Amerikanisches Rotes Kreuz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameerika_Punane_Rist" title="Ameerika Punane Rist – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ameerika Punane Rist" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruz_Roja_Americana" title="Cruz Roja Americana – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cruz Roja Americana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usona_Ru%C4%9Da_Kruco" title="Usona Ruĝa Kruco – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Usona Ruĝa Kruco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%AE_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="صلیب سرخ آمریکا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="صلیب سرخ آمریکا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croix-Rouge_am%C3%A9ricaine" title="Croix-Rouge américaine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Croix-Rouge américaine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EC%A0%81%EC%8B%AD%EC%9E%90%EC%82%AC" title="미국 적십자사 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미국 적십자사" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palang_Merah_Amerika_Serikat" title="Palang Merah Amerika Serikat – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Palang Merah Amerika Serikat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croce_Rossa_Americana" title="Croce Rossa Americana – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Croce Rossa Americana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%9C%D7%91_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%99" title="הצלב האדום האמריקאי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הצלב האדום האמריקאי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwa_Wouj_Ameriken" title="Kwa Wouj Ameriken – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kwa Wouj Ameriken" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%89" title="الصليب الاحمر 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(May 2024)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">American Red Cross</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><a href="/wiki/File:American_Red_Cross_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/American_Red_Cross_logo.svg/220px-American_Red_Cross_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/American_Red_Cross_logo.svg/330px-American_Red_Cross_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/American_Red_Cross_logo.svg/440px-American_Red_Cross_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="222" data-file-height="75" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><a href="/wiki/File:Headquarters_building_of_the_American_Red_Cross,_Washington,_D.C_LCCN2011632232.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Headquarters_building_of_the_American_Red_Cross%2C_Washington%2C_D.C_LCCN2011632232.jpg/250px-Headquarters_building_of_the_American_Red_Cross%2C_Washington%2C_D.C_LCCN2011632232.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Headquarters_building_of_the_American_Red_Cross%2C_Washington%2C_D.C_LCCN2011632232.jpg/375px-Headquarters_building_of_the_American_Red_Cross%2C_Washington%2C_D.C_LCCN2011632232.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Headquarters_building_of_the_American_Red_Cross%2C_Washington%2C_D.C_LCCN2011632232.jpg/500px-Headquarters_building_of_the_American_Red_Cross%2C_Washington%2C_D.C_LCCN2011632232.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6937" data-file-height="5400" /></a><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/American_Red_Cross_National_Headquarters" title="American Red Cross National Headquarters">American Red Cross National Headquarters</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note">May 21, 1881; 143 years ago (1881-05-21)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Clara_Barton" title="Clara Barton">Clara Barton</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charitable_organization" title="Charitable organization">Charitable organization</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Taxpayer_Identification_Number" title="Taxpayer Identification Number">Tax ID no.</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">53-0196605</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Legal status</th><td class="infobox-data">Instrumentality of the United States and a <a href="/wiki/Body_politic" title="Body politic">body corporate and politic</a><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> <a href="/wiki/501(c)(3)_organization" title="501(c)(3) organization">501(c)(3) organization</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Purpose</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_aid" title="Humanitarian aid">Humanitarian aid</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/American_Red_Cross_National_Headquarters" title="American Red Cross National Headquarters">American Red Cross National Headquarters</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, United States</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Region served </div></th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gail_J._McGovern" title="Gail J. McGovern">Gail J. McGovern</a></li><li>(<a href="/wiki/Chairman" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairman">Chairman</a>)<a href="#cite_note-auto1-3">[3]</a></li><li>Clifford S. Holtz</li><li>(President & <a href="/wiki/Chief_Executive_Officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Executive Officer">CEO</a>)<a href="#cite_note-auto1-3">[3]</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Main organ</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Board of Governors</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Revenue </div></th><td class="infobox-data">US$3.4 billion (2022)<a href="#cite_note-American_National_Red_Cross-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.redcross.org">www.redcross.org</a></td></tr></tbody></table> The American National Red Cross<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Nonprofit_organization" title="Nonprofit organization">nonprofit</a> <a href="/wiki/Humanitarianism" title="Humanitarianism">humanitarian</a> organization that provides emergency assistance, disaster relief, and disaster preparedness education in the United States. <a href="/wiki/Clara_Barton" title="Clara Barton">Clara Barton</a> founded the organization in 1881 after initially learning of the Red Cross from the country of Switzerland. Barton resigned in 1904 with Mabel Thorp Boardman taking control soon after. It is the designated US affiliate of the <a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies</a> and the United States movement to the <a href="/wiki/International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement">International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement</a>. The organization is involved with and responsible for the aftercare of notable disasters, such as the sinking of the <a href="/wiki/Titanic" title="Titanic">RMS Titanic</a> in 1912, World War I, the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_flu" title="Spanish flu">Spanish flu pandemic</a> of 1918, World War II, <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina_disaster_relief" title="Hurricane Katrina disaster relief">Hurricane Katrina</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/2023_Hawaii_wildfires" title="2023 Hawaii wildfires">Maui wildfires of 2023</a>. The American Red Cross offers services and development programs such as blood donations, plasma and tissue services, and additional research.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> It has also had a long-standing relationship with the US military, providing emergency and non-emergency services, including family communications and recreation. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_and_organization">History and organization</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History and organization">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/American_Red_Cross_National_Headquarters" title="American Red Cross National Headquarters">American Red Cross National Headquarters</a></div> <table style="margin:auto"> <tbody><tr> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AMERICAN_RED_CROSS_workroom_at_Pau_16304v.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/AMERICAN_RED_CROSS_workroom_at_Pau_16304v.jpg/290px-AMERICAN_RED_CROSS_workroom_at_Pau_16304v.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/AMERICAN_RED_CROSS_workroom_at_Pau_16304v.jpg/435px-AMERICAN_RED_CROSS_workroom_at_Pau_16304v.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/AMERICAN_RED_CROSS_workroom_at_Pau_16304v.jpg/580px-AMERICAN_RED_CROSS_workroom_at_Pau_16304v.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="741" /></a><figcaption>American Red Cross workplace, <a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis TN</a>, c. 1898</figcaption></figure> </td> <td>      </td> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1917_Red_Cross_World_War_I_poster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/1917_Red_Cross_World_War_I_poster.jpg/180px-1917_Red_Cross_World_War_I_poster.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/1917_Red_Cross_World_War_I_poster.jpg/270px-1917_Red_Cross_World_War_I_poster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/1917_Red_Cross_World_War_I_poster.jpg/360px-1917_Red_Cross_World_War_I_poster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="4003" /></a><figcaption>American Red Cross <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">WWI</a> poster</figcaption></figure> </td> <td>      </td> <td><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:American_Red_Cross_issue,_1931.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/American_Red_Cross_issue%2C_1931.jpg/180px-American_Red_Cross_issue%2C_1931.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/American_Red_Cross_issue%2C_1931.jpg/270px-American_Red_Cross_issue%2C_1931.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/American_Red_Cross_issue%2C_1931.jpg/360px-American_Red_Cross_issue%2C_1931.jpg 2x" data-file-width="642" data-file-height="734" /></a><figcaption>U.S. stamp commemorating Red Cross 50th anniversary, issue of 1931</figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Founders">Founders</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Founders">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Clara_Barton" title="Clara Barton">Clara Barton</a> established the American Red Cross in <a href="/wiki/Dansville,_Livingston_County,_New_York" title="Dansville, Livingston County, New York">Dansville, New York</a>, on May 21, 1881, and was also the organization's first president. She organized a meeting on May 12 of that year at the house of <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Omar_D._Conger" title="Omar D. Conger">Omar D. Conger</a> (<a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">MI</a>).<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Fifteen people were present at the meeting, Conger and <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">Representative</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Lawrence_(Ohio_Republican)" title="William Lawrence (Ohio Republican)">William Lawrence</a> (<a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">OH</a>) (who became the first vice president) to discuss the start of the American Red Cross.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> The first local chapter was established in 1881 at the <a href="/wiki/English_Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_of_Dansville" title="English Evangelical Lutheran Church of Dansville">English Evangelical Lutheran Church</a> of Dansville.<a href="#cite_note-NysNrhpNom-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jane_Delano" title="Jane Delano">Jane Delano</a> (1862–1919) founded the <a href="/wiki/American_Red_Cross_Nursing_Service" title="American Red Cross Nursing Service">American Red Cross Nursing Service</a> on January 20, 1910.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Clara_Barton">Clara Barton</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Clara Barton">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Clara_Barton" title="Clara Barton">Clara Barton</a></div> Barton founded the American chapter after learning of the <a href="/wiki/International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement#Foundation" title="International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement">Red Cross</a> in <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, Switzerland. In 1869, she went to Europe and became involved in the work of the <a href="/wiki/International_Red_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="International Red Cross">International Red Cross</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Franco-Prussian_War" title="Franco-Prussian War">Franco-Prussian War</a>. She was determined to bring the organization to America.<a href="#cite_note-WDL-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-15">[15]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Clara_Barton1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Clara_Barton1.jpg/180px-Clara_Barton1.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Clara_Barton1.jpg/270px-Clara_Barton1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Clara_Barton1.jpg/360px-Clara_Barton1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2127" data-file-height="2525" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Clara_Barton" title="Clara Barton">Clara Barton</a>, founder of the American Red Cross</figcaption></figure> Barton became President of the American branch of the society, known as the American National Red Cross in May 1881 in Washington. The first chapters opened in upstate New York, where she had connections.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-15">[15]</a> <a href="/wiki/John_D._Rockefeller" title="John D. Rockefeller">John D. Rockefeller</a> and four others donated money to help create a national headquarters near the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a>.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> The abolitionist <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Douglass" title="Frederick Douglass">Frederick Douglass</a>, a friend of Barton's, offered advice and support as she sought to establish the American chapter of Red Cross. As Register of Deeds for the District of Columbia, Douglass also signed the American Red Cross's original Articles of Incorporation.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:American_Red_Cross_Administrative_Headquarters.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/American_Red_Cross_Administrative_Headquarters.JPG/220px-American_Red_Cross_Administrative_Headquarters.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/American_Red_Cross_Administrative_Headquarters.JPG/330px-American_Red_Cross_Administrative_Headquarters.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/American_Red_Cross_Administrative_Headquarters.JPG/440px-American_Red_Cross_Administrative_Headquarters.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>American Red Cross Administrative Headquarters in Washington, D.C.</figcaption></figure> The next major disaster was the <a href="/wiki/Johnstown_Flood" title="Johnstown Flood">Johnstown Flood</a> on May 31, 1889. Over 2,209 people died, and thousands more were injured in or near <a href="/wiki/Johnstown,_Pennsylvania" title="Johnstown, Pennsylvania">Johnstown, Pennsylvania</a>, in one of the worst disasters in U.S. history.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Hospital_Clipper_Vol._4_No._4,_June_1970_(IA_hospitalclipper45197007).pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="ARC Clipper 1970.pdf" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/The_Hospital_Clipper_Vol._4_No._4%2C_June_1970_%28IA_hospitalclipper45197007%29.pdf/page1-220px-The_Hospital_Clipper_Vol._4_No._4%2C_June_1970_%28IA_hospitalclipper45197007%29.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/The_Hospital_Clipper_Vol._4_No._4%2C_June_1970_%28IA_hospitalclipper45197007%29.pdf/page1-330px-The_Hospital_Clipper_Vol._4_No._4%2C_June_1970_%28IA_hospitalclipper45197007%29.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/The_Hospital_Clipper_Vol._4_No._4%2C_June_1970_%28IA_hospitalclipper45197007%29.pdf/page1-440px-The_Hospital_Clipper_Vol._4_No._4%2C_June_1970_%28IA_hospitalclipper45197007%29.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1275" data-file-height="1650" /></a><figcaption>ARC Clipper Circa 1970</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Progressive_reform">Progressive reform</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Progressive reform">edit</a>]</div> Many within the organization became frustrated with Barton's leadership style, and Barton resigned from the organization in 1904.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> Professional social work experts took control and made the group a model of <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Era" title="Progressive Era">Progressive Era</a> scientific reform.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> New leader <a href="/wiki/Mabel_Thorp_Boardman" title="Mabel Thorp Boardman">Mabel Thorp Boardman</a> consulted with senior government officials, military officers, social workers, and financiers. <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Howard Taft</a> was especially influential. They imposed an ethos of "<a href="/wiki/Managerialism" title="Managerialism">managerialism</a>", transforming the agency from Barton's cult of personality to an "organizational humanitarianism" ready for expansion.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> Among the notable disasters of the Progressive Era that featured American Red Cross involvement was the sinking of the <a href="/wiki/Titanic" title="Titanic">RMS Titanic</a> in 1912. The New York City chapter joined with the <a href="/wiki/Charity_Organization_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Charity Organization Society">Charity Organization Society</a> to provide funds to survivors and the dependents of those who perished.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> During <a href="/wiki/World_War_Two" class="mw-redirect" title="World War Two">World War Two</a>, the American Red Cross ran the <a href="/wiki/Booker_T_Washington_Service_Club" class="mw-redirect" title="Booker T Washington Service Club">Booker T Washington Service Club</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leadership">Leadership</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Leadership">edit</a>]</div> Recent presidents and CEO s include <a href="/wiki/Gail_J._McGovern" title="Gail J. McGovern">Gail J. McGovern</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Dole" title="Elizabeth Dole">Elizabeth Dole</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bernadine_Healy" title="Bernadine Healy">Bernadine Healy</a>, Mary S. Elcano, <a href="/wiki/Mark_W._Everson" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark W. Everson">Mark W. Everson</a> and John F. McGuire.<a href="#cite_note-ARCLeaders-23">[23]</a> In 2007, U.S. legislation clarified the role for the Board of Governors and that of the senior management in the wake of difficulties following <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina" title="Hurricane Katrina">Hurricane Katrina</a>.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> Members of the board of governors other than the chairman are elected at the annual meeting of chapter delegates. The board appoints the chief executive officer.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ranking">Ranking</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Ranking">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:American_Red_Cross_Headquarters,_Delaware_Avenue,_Wilmington,_Del_(72640).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/American_Red_Cross_Headquarters%2C_Delaware_Avenue%2C_Wilmington%2C_Del_%2872640%29.jpg/220px-American_Red_Cross_Headquarters%2C_Delaware_Avenue%2C_Wilmington%2C_Del_%2872640%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/American_Red_Cross_Headquarters%2C_Delaware_Avenue%2C_Wilmington%2C_Del_%2872640%29.jpg/330px-American_Red_Cross_Headquarters%2C_Delaware_Avenue%2C_Wilmington%2C_Del_%2872640%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/American_Red_Cross_Headquarters%2C_Delaware_Avenue%2C_Wilmington%2C_Del_%2872640%29.jpg/440px-American_Red_Cross_Headquarters%2C_Delaware_Avenue%2C_Wilmington%2C_Del_%2872640%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3339" data-file-height="2151" /></a><figcaption>ARC <a href="/wiki/Wilmington,_Delaware" title="Wilmington, Delaware">Wilmington, Delaware</a></figcaption></figure> As of April 2023, the American Red Cross scores four out of four stars at <a href="/wiki/Charity_Navigator" title="Charity Navigator">Charity Navigator</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> and A− at <a href="/wiki/CharityWatch" title="CharityWatch">CharityWatch</a>.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> In 1996, the <a href="/wiki/Chronicle_of_Philanthropy" class="mw-redirect" title="Chronicle of Philanthropy">Chronicle of Philanthropy</a>, an industry magazine, released the results of the largest study of charitable and nonprofit organization popularity and credibility. The study showed that ARC was ranked as the third "most popular charity/non-profit in America" of over 100 charities researched, with 48% of Americans over age 12 choosing "Love" or "Like A lot" to describe it.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_members">Notable members</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notable members">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inez_Mee_Boren" title="Inez Mee Boren">Inez Mee Boren</a>, organizing chairwoman of the Lindsay Strathmore Branch of the American Red Cross<a href="#cite_note-Binheim-29">[29]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ida_F._Butler" title="Ida F. Butler">Ida F. Butler</a>, National Nursing Director from 1936 to 1939<a href="#cite_note-CSSU-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Washington_Craton" title="Ann Washington Craton">Ann Washington Craton</a>, labor organizer and relief worker<a href="#cite_note-Labor_History_Newsletter_WSU_1972-32">[32]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naomi_Deutsch" title="Naomi Deutsch">Naomi Deutsch</a><a href="#cite_note-Bullough-33">[33]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sally_S._Emory" title="Sally S. Emory">Sally S. Emory</a>, vice-chairwoman Board of American Red Cross<a href="#cite_note-Binheim-29">[29]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inglis_Fletcher" title="Inglis Fletcher">Inglis Fletcher</a>, originator of Junior Red Cross Hospital program in Spokane Public Schools<a href="#cite_note-Binheim-29">[29]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Ryerson_Fowler" title="George Ryerson Fowler">George Ryerson Fowler</a>, founder of the Brooklyn Red Cross (1884)<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_E._Frenger" title="Laura E. Frenger">Laura E. Frenger</a>, Executive, Home Service Sec. American Red Cross for eight years<a href="#cite_note-Binheim-29">[29]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thora_B._Gardiner" title="Thora B. Gardiner">Thora B. Gardiner</a>, secretary of the County Chapter of the American Red Cross<a href="#cite_note-Binheim-29">[29]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellie_A._Goodhue" title="Nellie A. Goodhue">Nellie A. Goodhue</a>, on Board of Directors of Local Chapter American Red Cross<a href="#cite_note-Binheim-29">[29]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharlot_Hall" title="Sharlot Hall">Sharlot Mabridth Hall</a>, American Red Cross<a href="#cite_note-Binheim-29">[29]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelmina_Harper" title="Wilhelmina Harper">Wilhelmina Harper</a>, American Red Cross Chicago<a href="#cite_note-Binheim-29">[29]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Adrienne_MacDonald" title="Laura Adrienne MacDonald">Laura Adrienne MacDonald</a>, member<a href="#cite_note-Obituary-35">[35]</a></li> <li>[Maria Orosa], worked for the Philippine chapter /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Keating_Orton" title="Virginia Keating Orton">Virginia Keating Orton</a>, member of Board of American Red Cross<a href="#cite_note-Binheim-29">[29]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genevieve_H._Sanford" title="Genevieve H. Sanford">Genevieve H. Sanford</a>, chairwoman of Red Cross Home Service Aberdeen<a href="#cite_note-Binheim-29">[29]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Elizabeth_Shellabarger" title="M. Elizabeth Shellabarger">M. Elizabeth Shellabarger</a>, Director of Red Cross Nursing in Albania and Montenegro (1921–22)<a href="#cite_note-Binheim-29">[29]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Ellicott_Tomlinson" title="Nancy Ellicott Tomlinson">Nancy Ellicott Tomlinson</a>, 3 years with Red Cross in Pacific Area, Executive Secretary, American Red Cross<a href="#cite_note-Binheim-29">[29]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violet_Richardson_Ward" title="Violet Richardson Ward">Violet Richardson Ward</a>, taught water safety classes<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_B._Wilder" title="Gertrude B. Wilder">Gertrude B. Wilder</a>, secretary of the San Bernardino chapter of the American Red Cross<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilio_J._Valdes" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilio J. Valdes">Basilio J. Valdes</a>, first Chief-of-Staff of the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Philippines" title="Armed Forces of the Philippines">Armed Forces</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Philippines" title="Commonwealth of the Philippines">Commonwealth of the Philippines</a> from 1939. Was Deputy Commissioner for the American Red Cross in Europe after World War I.</li></ul></div> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Drew" title="Charles R. Drew">Charles R. Drew</a>, First medical director for the Red Cross National Blood Collection Program in 1941.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a></li> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Blood_services">Blood services</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Blood services">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Blood_donation">Blood donation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Blood donation">edit</a>]</div> ARC supplies roughly 45% of the <a href="/wiki/Blood_donation" title="Blood donation">donated blood</a> in the United States, which it sells to hospitals and regional suppliers.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_blood_donation_agencies_in_the_United_States" title="List of blood donation agencies in the United States">Community-based blood centers</a> supply nearly 50% and approximately 5% is collected directly by hospitals.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> In December 2004, ARC completed its largest blood processing facility in the United States in <a href="/wiki/Pomona,_California" title="Pomona, California">Pomona, California</a>, on the campus grounds of <a href="/wiki/Cal_Poly_Pomona" class="mw-redirect" title="Cal Poly Pomona">California State Polytechnic University, Pomona</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]<ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:American_Red_Cross%C2%AE_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="American Red Cross (Oklahoma City)"><img alt="American Red Cross (Oklahoma City)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/American_Red_Cross%C2%AE_-_panoramio.jpg/120px-American_Red_Cross%C2%AE_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/American_Red_Cross%C2%AE_-_panoramio.jpg/180px-American_Red_Cross%C2%AE_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/American_Red_Cross%C2%AE_-_panoramio.jpg/240px-American_Red_Cross%C2%AE_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">American Red Cross (<a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Children_in_the_American_Red_Cross_Children%27s_Hospital,_Villa_Dini._Naples.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Children in the American Red Cross"><img alt="Children in the American Red Cross" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Children_in_the_American_Red_Cross_Children%27s_Hospital%2C_Villa_Dini._Naples.jpg/120px-Children_in_the_American_Red_Cross_Children%27s_Hospital%2C_Villa_Dini._Naples.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Children_in_the_American_Red_Cross_Children%27s_Hospital%2C_Villa_Dini._Naples.jpg/180px-Children_in_the_American_Red_Cross_Children%27s_Hospital%2C_Villa_Dini._Naples.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Children_in_the_American_Red_Cross_Children%27s_Hospital%2C_Villa_Dini._Naples.jpg/240px-Children_in_the_American_Red_Cross_Children%27s_Hospital%2C_Villa_Dini._Naples.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="747" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Children in the American Red Cross</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tissue_services">Tissue services</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Tissue services">edit</a>]</div> For more than 50 years, ARC provided <a href="/wiki/Allograft" class="mw-redirect" title="Allograft">allograft</a> tissue for <a href="/wiki/Organ_transplant" class="mw-redirect" title="Organ transplant">transplant</a> through sales in its Tissue Services Program. It cared for thousands of donor families who donated tissue and sold the tissue to more than 1 million transplant recipients. At the end of January 2005, ARC ended its Tissue Services program to focus on its primary missions of Disaster Relief and Blood Services.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Plasma_services">Plasma services</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Plasma services">edit</a>]</div> A leader in the <a href="/wiki/Blood_plasma" title="Blood plasma">plasma</a> industry, ARC provides more than one quarter of the nation's plasma products. Red Cross Plasma Services provides plasma products that are reliable, cost-effective and as safe as possible. In February 1999, ARC completed its "Transformation", a $287 million program that re engineered Red Cross Blood Services' processing, testing, and distribution system and established a new management structure. As of 2011, ARC was no longer in the Plasma Services industry. It supplies <a href="/wiki/Baxter_International" title="Baxter International">Baxter BioSciences</a> with items for manufacturing plasma products.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nucleic_acid_testing">Nucleic acid testing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Nucleic acid testing">edit</a>]</div> On March 1, 1999, ARC became the first U.S. blood bank to implement a <a href="/wiki/Nucleic_acid_test" title="Nucleic acid test">nucleic acid testing</a> (NAT) study. This process is different from traditional testing because it looks for the <a href="/wiki/Genetics" title="Genetics">genetic</a> material of HIV and <a href="/wiki/Hepatitis_C" title="Hepatitis C">hepatitis C</a> (HCV), rather than the body's response to the disease.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The NAT tests for <a href="/wiki/RT-PCR_test" class="mw-redirect" title="RT-PCR test">HIV</a> and HCV has been licensed by the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">Food and Drug Administration</a> (FDA). These tests detect the genetic material of a transfusion-transmitted virus like HIV without waiting for the body to form antibodies, potentially offering an important time advantage over current techniques.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leukoreduction">Leukoreduction</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Leukoreduction">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Letter_from_the_American_Red_Cross_showing_where_donation_was_sent.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Letter_from_the_American_Red_Cross_showing_where_donation_was_sent.jpg/270px-Letter_from_the_American_Red_Cross_showing_where_donation_was_sent.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="396" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Letter_from_the_American_Red_Cross_showing_where_donation_was_sent.jpg/405px-Letter_from_the_American_Red_Cross_showing_where_donation_was_sent.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Letter_from_the_American_Red_Cross_showing_where_donation_was_sent.jpg 2x" data-file-width="478" data-file-height="701" /></a><figcaption>Letter of American Red Cross</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Reliant_Astrodome_in_January_2014_b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Reliant_Astrodome_in_January_2014_b.jpg/343px-Reliant_Astrodome_in_January_2014_b.jpg" decoding="async" width="343" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Reliant_Astrodome_in_January_2014_b.jpg/515px-Reliant_Astrodome_in_January_2014_b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Reliant_Astrodome_in_January_2014_b.jpg/686px-Reliant_Astrodome_in_January_2014_b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3015" data-file-height="1696" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Astrodome" title="Astrodome">Houston Astrodome</a>, a major ARC location in Texas</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Leukocytes" class="mw-redirect" title="Leukocytes">Leukocytes</a> (white blood cells) help fight off foreign substances such as bacteria, viruses, and abnormal cells. In fact, these foreign leukocytes in transfused <a href="/wiki/Red_blood_cells" class="mw-redirect" title="Red blood cells">red blood cells</a> and <a href="/wiki/Platelets" class="mw-redirect" title="Platelets">platelets</a> are often not well tolerated and have been associated with some types of transfusion complications. Leukocytes in stored blood products can have a variety of biological effects, including depression of immune function, which can result in organ failure and death.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> Because whole blood is rarely used for transfusion and not kept in routine inventory, leukoreduced red blood supplies are critical. After collection, the whole blood is separated into red cells and plasma by centrifugal. A preservative solution is mixed with the red cells and the component is filtered with a leukoreduction filter. The shelf life of this product is 42 days.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] ARC is moving toward system-wide universal prestorage leukocyte reduction to improve patient care. From 1976 to 1985, the FDA received reports of 355 fatalities associated with transfusion, 99 of which were excluded from further review because they were unrelated to transfusion or involved <a href="/wiki/Hepatitis" title="Hepatitis">hepatitis</a> or <a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS" title="HIV/AIDS">HIV/AIDS</a>.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> While the FDA has not yet made leukoreduction a requirement, ARC took a leading role in implementing this procedure with a goal of leukoreducing all blood products. More than 70% of ARC red blood cell components undergo prestorage leukoreduction, a filtering process performed soon after blood is donated.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Research">Research</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Research">edit</a>]</div> ARC operates the <a href="/wiki/Jerome_H._Holland" title="Jerome H. Holland">Jerome H. Holland</a> blood laboratory in <a href="/wiki/Rockville,_Maryland" title="Rockville, Maryland">Rockville, Maryland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cellular_therapies">Cellular therapies</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Cellular therapies">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:American_Red_Cross_-_War_Work_-_Red_Cross_Building_in_Washington_dedicated._Photo_shows_a_field_kitchen_and_Red_Cross_nurses,_part_of_the_parade_held_in_Washington_at_the_dedication_of_American_Red_Cross_headquar(...)_-_NARA_-_20803272.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/American_Red_Cross_-_War_Work_-_Red_Cross_Building_in_Washington_dedicated._Photo_shows_a_field_kitchen_and_Red_Cross_nurses%2C_part_of_the_parade_held_in_Washington_at_the_dedication_of_American_Red_Cross_headquar%28...%29_-_NARA_-_20803272.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/American_Red_Cross_-_War_Work_-_Red_Cross_Building_in_Washington_dedicated._Photo_shows_a_field_kitchen_and_Red_Cross_nurses%2C_part_of_the_parade_held_in_Washington_at_the_dedication_of_American_Red_Cross_headquar%28...%29_-_NARA_-_20803272.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/American_Red_Cross_-_War_Work_-_Red_Cross_Building_in_Washington_dedicated._Photo_shows_a_field_kitchen_and_Red_Cross_nurses%2C_part_of_the_parade_held_in_Washington_at_the_dedication_of_American_Red_Cross_headquar%28...%29_-_NARA_-_20803272.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4034" data-file-height="2680" /></a><figcaption>American Red Cross <a href="/wiki/Hospital_train" title="Hospital train">hospital train</a> in Dallas, 1919</figcaption></figure> ARC offers <a href="/wiki/Cellular_therapy" class="mw-redirect" title="Cellular therapy">cellular therapies</a>; this treatment involves collecting and treating blood cells from a patient or other blood donor. The treated cells are introduced into a patient to help revive normal cell function, replace cells that are lost as a result of disease, accidents or aging, or to prevent illnesses from appearing.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Training_services">Training services</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Training services">edit</a>]</div> Training Services is one of the five divisions of the American Red Cross, responsible for providing health and safety training to the general public as well as the workforce. In fiscal year 2017 the American Red Cross trained 2.28 million people how to save lives through their First Aid, CPR or AED courses, water safety and care giving programs. There are a wide variety of course offerings available:<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> <ul><li>Administering Emergency Oxygen</li> <li>Advanced Life Support</li> <li>Anaphylaxis and Epinephrine Auto-Injector</li> <li>Asthma Inhaler Training</li> <li>Babysitter's Training</li> <li>Basic Life Support</li> <li>Bloodborne Pathogens Training</li> <li>California Child Care</li> <li>CPR/AED for Professional Rescuers</li> <li>Emergency Medical Response</li> <li>First Aid/CPR/AED (English and Spanish)</li> <li>Hands-Only CPR</li> <li>Learn to Swim</li> <li>Lifeguard Management</li> <li>Lifeguarding</li> <li>Longfellow's WHALE Tales</li> <li>Nurse Assistant Training</li> <li>Pediatric Advanced Life Support</li> <li>Responding to Emergencies</li> <li>Safety Training for Swim Coaches</li> <li>Title 22 (California First Aid for Public Safety Personnel)</li> <li>Water Safety</li> <li>Wilderness and Remote First Aid</li></ul> In addition to basic level certifications in the above courses, the American Red Cross also offers Instructor level courses and Instructor Trainer (IT) level courses. Instructor level courses are designed to teach participants how to become instructors for American Red Cross courses, whereas Instructor Trainer courses (also known as Instructor Trainer Academies) are designed to certify current instructors to become Instructor Trainers, or people who can teach Instructor level courses.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Training Services has an online store where you can purchase supplies including First Aid Kits, CPR key chains, flashlights, and emergency radios.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2018_mannequin_change">2018 mannequin change</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: 2018 mannequin change">edit</a>]</div> In early 2018 all courses offered by the American Red Cross switched to Brayden/BigRed Manikins. The investment cost $1.8 million and increased participants' understanding of the purpose of compressions during CPR. These Manikins have LED lights that mimic blood flow through the body and to the brain, giving students instant visual feedback on their technique. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Course_offerings">Course offerings</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Course offerings">edit</a>]</div> There are three entities that can run American Red Cross courses; The American Red Cross, Authorized Providers, and Licensed Training Providers.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> The American Red Cross runs many of its own courses that can be conducted on land such as First Aid/CPR/AED and Basic Life Support for Healthcare Providers. There are a number of courses that require aquatic facilities to run, such as Lifeguarding and Water Safety Instructor. These courses are generally left to Authorized Providers (colleges, government agencies, fire departments, community centers) and to Licensed Training Providers (LLC. or Inc.).[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scientific_Advisory_Council">Scientific Advisory Council</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Scientific Advisory Council">edit</a>]</div> The Scientific Advisory Council is a panel including over 50 nationally recognized medical, scientific, aquatics, and academic experts from across the United States.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disaster_services">Disaster services</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Disaster services">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FEMA_-_2332_-_Photograph_by_Robert_A._Eplett_taken_on_01-17-1994_in_California.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/FEMA_-_2332_-_Photograph_by_Robert_A._Eplett_taken_on_01-17-1994_in_California.jpg/220px-FEMA_-_2332_-_Photograph_by_Robert_A._Eplett_taken_on_01-17-1994_in_California.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/FEMA_-_2332_-_Photograph_by_Robert_A._Eplett_taken_on_01-17-1994_in_California.jpg/330px-FEMA_-_2332_-_Photograph_by_Robert_A._Eplett_taken_on_01-17-1994_in_California.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/FEMA_-_2332_-_Photograph_by_Robert_A._Eplett_taken_on_01-17-1994_in_California.jpg/440px-FEMA_-_2332_-_Photograph_by_Robert_A._Eplett_taken_on_01-17-1994_in_California.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2940" data-file-height="1952" /></a><figcaption>American Red Cross providing assistance during the <a href="/wiki/1994_Northridge_earthquake" title="1994 Northridge earthquake">1994 Northridge earthquake</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GF1997RedCross.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/GF1997RedCross.jpg/220px-GF1997RedCross.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/GF1997RedCross.jpg/330px-GF1997RedCross.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/GF1997RedCross.jpg/440px-GF1997RedCross.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3354" data-file-height="1932" /></a><figcaption>An American Red Cross vehicle distributing food to <a href="/wiki/Grand_Forks,_North_Dakota" title="Grand Forks, North Dakota">Grand Forks, North Dakota</a> victims of the <a href="/wiki/1997_Red_River_Flood_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="1997 Red River Flood in the United States">1997 Red River flood</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FEMA_-_58087_-_Photo_by_George_Armstrong_taken_on_07-09-2012_in_Florida.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/FEMA_-_58087_-_Photo_by_George_Armstrong_taken_on_07-09-2012_in_Florida.jpg/220px-FEMA_-_58087_-_Photo_by_George_Armstrong_taken_on_07-09-2012_in_Florida.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/FEMA_-_58087_-_Photo_by_George_Armstrong_taken_on_07-09-2012_in_Florida.jpg/330px-FEMA_-_58087_-_Photo_by_George_Armstrong_taken_on_07-09-2012_in_Florida.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/FEMA_-_58087_-_Photo_by_George_Armstrong_taken_on_07-09-2012_in_Florida.jpg/440px-FEMA_-_58087_-_Photo_by_George_Armstrong_taken_on_07-09-2012_in_Florida.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Satellite communications after <a href="/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Debby_(2012)" title="Tropical Storm Debby (2012)">Tropical Storm Debby</a> in Lake City, Florida, 2012</figcaption></figure> Each year, ARC responds to more than 60,000 disasters, including house or apartment fires (making up the majority), hurricanes, floods, earthquakes, tornadoes, <a href="/wiki/Hazardous_materials" class="mw-redirect" title="Hazardous materials">hazardous materials</a> spills, transportation accidents, explosions and other natural and man-made disasters.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Although ARC is not a government agency, its authority to provide disaster relief was formalized when, in 1905, it was granted a <a href="/wiki/Congressional_charter" title="Congressional charter">congressional charter</a> to "carry on a system of national and international relief in time of peace and apply the same in mitigating the sufferings caused by pestilence, famine, fire, floods, and other great national calamities, and to devise and carry on measures for preventing the same." The charter is not only a grant of power but also an imposition of duties and obligations to the nation, to disaster victims and to the people who support its work with their donations.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Disaster relief focuses on emergency disaster-caused needs. When a disaster threatens or strikes, ARC provides <a href="/wiki/Emergency_shelter" title="Emergency shelter">shelter</a>, food and health and <a href="/wiki/Mental_health" title="Mental health">mental health</a> services (<a href="/wiki/Psychological_First_Aid" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychological First Aid">Psychological First Aid</a>) to address basic human needs. The core of American Red Cross disaster relief is assistance to individuals and families to enable them to resume their normal daily activities. The organization provides translation and interpretation when necessary, and maintains a <a href="/wiki/Language_bank" title="Language bank">database of multilingual volunteers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> At the local level, ARC chapters operate volunteer-staffed <a href="/wiki/Disaster_Action_Team" title="Disaster Action Team">Disaster Action Teams</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] ARC feeds emergency workers of other agencies, handles inquiries from concerned family members outside the disaster area, provides blood and blood products to disaster victims and helps those affected by a disaster to access other resources. It is a member of <a href="/wiki/National_Voluntary_Organizations_Active_in_Disaster" title="National Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster">National Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster</a> (VOAD) and works closely with other agencies such as <a href="/wiki/Salvation_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Salvation Army">Salvation Army</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amateur_Radio_Emergency_Service" title="Amateur Radio Emergency Service">Amateur Radio Emergency Service</a> with whom it has memorandums of understanding.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] ARC works to encourage preparedness by providing important literature on readiness. Many chapters also offer free classes to the general public.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> A major misconception among the general public is that ARC provides medical facilities, engages in search and rescue operations or deploys ambulances. Instead, first responder roles are left to government agencies as dictated by the <a href="/wiki/National_Response_Framework" title="National Response Framework">National Response Framework</a>. Red Cross societies outside the U.S. may provide such functions; for example, the Cruz Roja Mexicana (Mexican Red Cross) runs a national ambulance service. Furthermore, American Red Cross Emergency Response Vehicles (ERVs) look similar to ambulances.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> These ERVs instead are designed for bulk distribution of relief supplies, such as meals, drinks and other relief supplies. Although ARC shelters usually assign a nurse to the facility, they are not equipped to provide medical care beyond first aid.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Disaster_Services_Workforce">Disaster Services Workforce</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Disaster Services Workforce">edit</a>]</div> The Disaster Services Workforce (DSW) system enrolls volunteers from ARC chapters into a national database of responders, classified by their ability to serve in one or more activities within groups. Services include feeding and sheltering ("mass care") warehousing, damage assessment, accounting, communications, public affairs, counseling and others. Responders complete training for the specific services they want to offer, first aid and CPR.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_Response_Framework">National Response Framework</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: National Response Framework">edit</a>]</div> As a <a href="/wiki/National_Response_Framework" title="National Response Framework">National Response Framework</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> support agency, ARC shelters, feeds and provides other types of emergency relief to victims of disasters. ARC is a co-lead with the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Emergency_Management_Agency" title="Federal Emergency Management Agency">Federal Emergency Management Agency</a> (FEMA) for the mass care portion of Emergency Support Function 6. ARC and FEMA share responsibility for planning and coordinating mass care services with FEMA. ARC has responsibilities for other Emergency Support Functions, such as providing health and mental health services.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disaster_responses">Disaster responses</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Disaster responses">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1908_Messina_earthquake">1908 Messina earthquake</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: 1908 Messina earthquake">edit</a>]</div> In 1908 an <a href="/wiki/1908_Messina_earthquake" title="1908 Messina earthquake">earthquake and tsunami</a> devastated the area surround the <a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Messina" title="Strait of Messina">Strait of Messina</a>. The American public donated nearly $1 million to the American Red Cross which was sent to Italy via the <a href="/wiki/State_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="State Department">State Department</a>, alongside $800,000 in public funds.<a href="#cite_note-:0-56">[56]</a> The decision to use the State Department to distribute funds, rather than sending them directly to the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Red_Cross" title="Italian Red Cross">Italian Red Cross</a>, was indicative of the organization's shift away from the <a href="/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross" title="International Committee of the Red Cross">International Red Cross</a> movement and towards US interests.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> This was the ARC's first major response to an international civilian disaster.<a href="#cite_note-:0-56">[56]</a> In December of that year two Americans, Harry Bowdoin and Charles King Wood, were in <a href="/wiki/Taormina" title="Taormina">Taormina</a> when the earthquake occurred. Mr. Bowdoin was spending the winter in Taormina with his invalid mother and Mr. Wood was an artist who had lived in Taormina for several years. These two men entered upon the work of relief answering the call of the Red Cross.[110] Afterwards, the Italian government conferred upon the two men the honorific of "Cavaliere". Bowdoin and Wood were two of the twenty-one recipients of the American Red Cross silver medal for "specially meritorious service" for that year. Before 1908, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">U.S. Congress</a> had only rarely allocated funds for natural disasters; likewise, the level of funding given to <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> was also unprecedented.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> The ARC's aid to Italy carried important diplomatic meaning for the U.S. due to the large number of Italian emigrants who left for the U.S. every year, and Italy's growing importance within Europe.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> ARC leaders viewed relief efforts in Italy as a way to demonstrate U.S. care for the nation. Alongside this, disaster relief was seen as a tool for social reform. A fundamental goal of the ARC's assistance was to address the perceived threat of pulverization within an area that a large proportion of U.S. immigrants came from.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Role_in_the_United_States_occupation_of_Nicaragua">Role in the United States occupation of Nicaragua</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Role in the United States occupation of Nicaragua">edit</a>]</div> As a response to the Nicaraguan resentment of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_occupation_of_Nicaragua" title="United States occupation of Nicaragua">United States occupation of Nicaragua</a>, U.S. officials employed the use of humanitarian relief in attempt to improve relations. $10,000 was given to the ARC by <a href="/wiki/Philander_C._Knox" title="Philander C. Knox">Philander Knox</a> to provide relief in the form of blankets, clothing, and food to captured soldiers from <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Santos_Zelaya" title="José Santos Zelaya">José Santos Zelaya</a>'s army.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> ARC leaders believed that humanitarian relief would be more effective in fostering goodwill and creating stability than any other action. In 1912 the State and War Department became concerned with increasing reports of hunger within the country. As a result, Knox asked the ARC to supply food for non-combatants as well. American forces worked with the ARC to open railroads to distribute humanitarian supplies to <a href="/wiki/Managua" title="Managua">Managua</a>, <a href="/wiki/Granada,_Nicaragua" title="Granada, Nicaragua">Granada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3n,_Nicaragua" title="León, Nicaragua">Léon</a>, and other key cities.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> Although the ARC was a non-governmental agency, its humanitarian efforts lined up with American foreign policy, becoming a useful diplomatic mechanism for softening the effects of American military intervention and securing its political interests.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Role_in_World_War_One">Role in World War One</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Role in World War One">edit</a>]</div> Prior to the United States entry into World War One, the American Red Cross was a neutral organization aiding both the allied and central powers.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> However, when the United States joined the allied powers, the American Red Cross aid to the central powers ended immediately. On May 10, 1917, President Wilson created the American Red Cross War Council to aid funding initiatives and direct the activities of the organization. Throughout the war, the Council raised $400 million.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The American Red Cross in the war was a quasi-state organization and a non-governmental organization, as it was not officially part of the United States Government. The American Red Cross in the war focused principally on overseas civilian aid and not domestic disaster relief. The American Red Cross spent "less than one million dollars on domestic disaster relief, in comparison to the $120 million devoted to relief overseas.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a>" The American Red Cross during the war provided food, employment, housing, and medical assistance to millions of civilians displaced by the war. During the course of the war, over one-third of the population of the United States joined the organization and in 1917 and 1918 alone around $400 million was raised.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> Amongst its initiatives was the <a href="/wiki/Pisa_Village" title="Pisa Village">Pisa Village</a> in Italy, a humanitarian housing project, begun in 1918,[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] and manufacture of "500,000 dressings" to treat wounds using use of <a href="/wiki/Sphagnum" title="Sphagnum">Sphagnum moss</a> in place of cotton, based on the research of <a href="/wiki/John_William_Hotson" title="John William Hotson">John William Hotson</a>.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> The power of the American Red Cross was soon recognized by the Government which began to see "the value of overseas aid as a tool of statecraft".<a href="#cite_note-Irwin_2013_7-69">[69]</a> The American Red Cross was increasingly being used as an arm of the state to facilitate the realization of American foreign policy objects. Principally, the American Red Cross enhanced America's image abroad while also disseminating American practices and values throughout Europe.<a href="#cite_note-Irwin_2013_7-69">[69]</a> It intervened in European health and welfare practices by introducing American methods. Moreover, after the Bolsheviks seized power in Russia, President Wilson used the American Red Cross as a diplomacy tool to aid the White forces. Wilson believed that food was the "real thing" to combat Bolshevism and ordered the American Red Cross to distribute food and material relief to Bolshevik opponents in the Russian civil war.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> The American Red Cross, therefore, served the dual functions of assisting the realization of United States foreign policy objectives and promoting international humanitarianism.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] At the end of the war the League of Red Cross Societies was created. This international society of national Red Cross organizations was spearheaded by the United States and sought the "improvement of health, the prevention of disease, and the mitigation of suffering throughout the world."<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Role_in_Spanish_Flu_Outbreak_of_1918">Role in Spanish Flu Outbreak of 1918</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Role in Spanish Flu Outbreak of 1918">edit</a>]</div> During the flu pandemic of 1918, American Red Cross chapters were instrumental in establishing both preventive measures and treatment plans within their local communities throughout the United States. The degree to which the Red Cross was involved with pandemic planning was largely dependent on the needs of the community and the actions of local public health authorities, but large cities and their surrounding communities were often dependent on the organization in mitigating the spread of the disease.<a href="#cite_note-auto-72">[72]</a> Active initiatives undertaken by local chapters included the sewing of masks for local distribution, the production and promotion of educational pamphlets, the establishment of localized motor corps, and providing door-to-door nursing and social services. In some cities, the motor corps functioned both in providing auxiliary ambulatory services and expanding the logistical dispersion of manpower and supplies. The contribution of nurses, goods, services, and local administrative guidance offered by the American Red Cross provided local community leaders with essential support in combating the pandemic.<a href="#cite_note-auto-72">[72]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interwar_European_reconstruction">Interwar European reconstruction</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Interwar European reconstruction">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Loading_A.R.C._(American_Red_Cross)_ships_at_Piraeus_LCCN2014716078.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Loading_A.R.C._%28American_Red_Cross%29_ships_at_Piraeus_LCCN2014716078.jpg/220px-Loading_A.R.C._%28American_Red_Cross%29_ships_at_Piraeus_LCCN2014716078.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Loading_A.R.C._%28American_Red_Cross%29_ships_at_Piraeus_LCCN2014716078.jpg/330px-Loading_A.R.C._%28American_Red_Cross%29_ships_at_Piraeus_LCCN2014716078.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Loading_A.R.C._%28American_Red_Cross%29_ships_at_Piraeus_LCCN2014716078.jpg/440px-Loading_A.R.C._%28American_Red_Cross%29_ships_at_Piraeus_LCCN2014716078.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4606" data-file-height="3444" /></a><figcaption>An American Red Cross Ship in Greece <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1920–1925</figcaption></figure> Unlike European relief organization, which had to invest much of their time in fund-raising efforts, the American Red Cross's collaboration with <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a>'s <a href="/wiki/American_Relief_Administration" title="American Relief Administration">American Relief Administration</a> had funding on a different scale and well as popular and governmental support at its disposal.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> With its membership of over 33 million Americans in 1918 (20% of the U.S. population) and its designation as the official U.S. organization for foreign relief by the Geneva Treaty and Congressional mandate, the ARC was neither wholly private nor an official governmental organization.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> This quasi-governmental support allowed the ARC to secure credibility and support that was unattainable for other relief organizations such as the <a href="/wiki/YMCA" title="YMCA">YMCA</a> or <a href="/wiki/Knights_of_Columbus" title="Knights of Columbus">Knights of Columbus</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The ARC's private funding allowed for more flexibility than government organizations, its leaders chose to support U.S. foreign policy in many ways but also often pursued aims that differed from that of the military or political policymakers.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> Hundreds of ARC workers pursued permanent reform of Italian social politics, rather than emergency relief they founded nursing schools, developed child welfare projects and waged anti-tuberculosis crusades.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> In introducing these American ideas about public health and social welfare, the ARC acted as what historian <a href="/wiki/Daniel_T._Rodgers" title="Daniel T. Rodgers">Daniel T. Rodgers</a> had referred to as 'brokers of ideas', who facilitated transatlantic exchange on the methods and philosophies of social reform.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> Work in the ARC allowed American citizens to contribute to transatlantic social reform discourse. ARC workers built upon and expanded the already existing Italian efforts for social reform. ARC reformers embraced a strategic cultural sensitivity as they attempted to work with Italians and help them to take control of their own social institutions. By presenting their reforms as mutual exchange rather than imposed change, ARC workers hoped Italians would willingly accept them.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> U.S. reformers in the ARC continued to believe in the necessity of American intervention in 'reforming' Italy.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russian_revolution">Russian revolution</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Russian revolution">edit</a>]</div> In July 1918 the ARC established a hospital at the entrance of <a href="/wiki/Vladivostok" title="Vladivostok">Vladivostok</a> harbor, followed by eight more hospitals during that year. Vladivostok Refugee hospital was opened in early 1919 in former naval barracks and had up to 250 beds. The ARC provided drugs and medical supplies to Russian hospitals during the civil war.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Role_in_World_War_Two">Role in World War Two</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Role in World War Two">edit</a>]</div> In the 1940s during World War II, the Red Cross enrolled 7.5 million volunteers along with 39,000 paid staff<a href="#cite_note-history-wwii-80">[80]</a> and more than 104,000 nurses<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> for military service, prepared 27 million packages for prisoners of war, shipped more than 300,000 tons of supplies, and collected 13.3 million pints of blood plasma for the armed forces.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> By the time World War II ended in September 1945, American society contributed over $784 million in support of the American Red Cross.<a href="#cite_note-history-wwii-80">[80]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2005_hurricanes">2005 hurricanes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: 2005 hurricanes">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FEMA_-_15337_-_Photograph_by_Andrea_Booher_taken_on_09-10-2005_in_Texas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/FEMA_-_15337_-_Photograph_by_Andrea_Booher_taken_on_09-10-2005_in_Texas.jpg/220px-FEMA_-_15337_-_Photograph_by_Andrea_Booher_taken_on_09-10-2005_in_Texas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/FEMA_-_15337_-_Photograph_by_Andrea_Booher_taken_on_09-10-2005_in_Texas.jpg/330px-FEMA_-_15337_-_Photograph_by_Andrea_Booher_taken_on_09-10-2005_in_Texas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/FEMA_-_15337_-_Photograph_by_Andrea_Booher_taken_on_09-10-2005_in_Texas.jpg/440px-FEMA_-_15337_-_Photograph_by_Andrea_Booher_taken_on_09-10-2005_in_Texas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1803" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Volunteers assist Hurricane victims at the <a href="/wiki/Houston_Astrodome" class="mw-redirect" title="Houston Astrodome">Houston Astrodome</a>, following Hurricane Katrina. </figcaption></figure> Forecasting a major disaster before the landfall of <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina" title="Hurricane Katrina">Hurricane Katrina</a>, ARC enlisted 2,000 volunteers to be on a "stand by" deployment list.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] According to ARC, during and after hurricanes Katrina, <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Wilma" title="Hurricane Wilma">Wilma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Rita" title="Hurricane Rita">Rita</a>, they opened 1,470 shelters and registered 3.8 million overnight stays. 300,000 American Red Cross workers (82% unpaid) provided sheltering, casework, communication and assessment services throughout these events. In addition, 346,980 comfort kits (which contain hygiene essentials such as toothpaste, soap, washcloths and toys for children) and 205,360 cleanup kits (containing brooms, mops and bleach) were distributed. The organization served 68 million snacks and meals. Disaster Health services provided 596,810 contacts, and Disaster Mental Health services 826,590 contacts. Emergency financial assistance was provided to 1.4 million families, including 4 million people. Katrina was the first natural disaster in the United States that ARC utilized their "Safe and Well" family location website.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Comair_Flight_5191">Comair Flight 5191</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Comair Flight 5191">edit</a>]</div> Following the crash of commuter aircraft <a href="/wiki/Comair_Flight_5191" title="Comair Flight 5191">Comair Flight 5191</a>, the Bluegrass Area Chapter and ARC Critical Response Team (CRT) members were dispatched. This was the worst air disaster in the United States since <a href="/wiki/American_Airlines_Flight_587" title="American Airlines Flight 587">American Airlines Flight 587</a>. Family and Friends reception centers were established near the arrival and departure airports and in <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a>, site of the Comair headquarters. Local chapters in <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a> and California provided health and mental health services to family and friends not present in Lexington. Volunteers also staffed the local Emergency Operations Center (EOC) in <a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington, Kentucky</a>.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2007_tornadoes">2007 tornadoes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: 2007 tornadoes">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FEMA_-_28112_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_02-06-2007_in_Florida.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/FEMA_-_28112_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_02-06-2007_in_Florida.jpg/220px-FEMA_-_28112_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_02-06-2007_in_Florida.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/FEMA_-_28112_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_02-06-2007_in_Florida.jpg/330px-FEMA_-_28112_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_02-06-2007_in_Florida.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/FEMA_-_28112_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_02-06-2007_in_Florida.jpg/440px-FEMA_-_28112_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_02-06-2007_in_Florida.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>ARC is set up in a community hard hit by the tornadoes, Florida, 2007.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Florida">Florida</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Florida">edit</a>]</div> In response to the <a href="/wiki/Central_Florida_Tornado_of_February_2007" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Florida Tornado of February 2007">Central Florida Tornado of February 2007</a>, ARC began a large scale disaster relief operation. At least seven shelters were opened. 40,000 pre-packaged meals were sent by ARC, and across the nation, almost 400 American Red Cross volunteers were deployed to assist with local relief efforts. The organization deployed more than 30 Emergency Response Vehicles for community food and supply distribution.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kansas">Kansas</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Kansas">edit</a>]</div> ARC immediately responded to the <a href="/wiki/May_2007_Tornado_Outbreak" class="mw-redirect" title="May 2007 Tornado Outbreak">May 2007 Tornado Outbreak</a> in central Kansas by setting up emergency shelters for displaced residents and started the distribution of food, water and relief supplies.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minneapolis_bridge_collapse">Minneapolis bridge collapse</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Minneapolis bridge collapse">edit</a>]</div> Following the collapse of the <a href="/wiki/I-35W_Mississippi_River_bridge" title="I-35W Mississippi River bridge">I-35W Mississippi River bridge</a>, the Twin Cities Area Chapter responded with their <a href="/wiki/Disaster_Action_Team" title="Disaster Action Team">Disaster Action Team</a> to provide food, information and comfort. A family service center was set up, and mental health counselors deployed to numerous locations.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> Donations contributed for this cause totaled US$138,368 and covered the cost of services<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> but not $65,000 in unexpected expenses.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> Weather and the collapse placed 70% of <a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Minnesota" title="List of counties in Minnesota">Minnesota counties</a> in federal primary or contiguous disaster areas during that August.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2023_Hawaii_wildfires">2023 Hawaii wildfires</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: 2023 Hawaii wildfires">edit</a>]</div> Following the <a href="/wiki/2023_Hawaii_wildfires" title="2023 Hawaii wildfires">Hawaii wildfires</a> in early August 2023, the ARC began a large-scale disaster relief operation (DRO). More than 1,300 volunteers have been deployed since the fires began. In partnership with the county government, the ARC has been able to provide displaced residents with more than 257,000 overnight emergency shelter and hotel room stays on Maui and Oahu.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_services">International services</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: International services">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/American_Red_Cross" title="Special:EditPage/American Red Cross">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2023) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> ARC, as part of the <a href="/wiki/International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement">International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement</a> and its nearly 100 million volunteers, educates and mobilizes communities to overcome life-threatening vulnerabilities. ARC International Services Department focuses on global health, disaster preparedness and response, <a href="/wiki/Restoring_Family_Links" title="Restoring Family Links">Restoring Family Links</a> and international humanitarian law dissemination. ARC is involved with international projects, including the Measles and Rubella Partnership, the migration and refugee crisis, and the Nepal earthquake.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Disaster_preparedness_and_response">Disaster preparedness and response</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Disaster preparedness and response">edit</a>]</div> ARC international disaster response and preparedness programs provide relief and development assistance to millions of people annually who suffer as a result of natural and human-made disasters. To respond quickly and effectively, ARC has pre-positioned emergency relief supplies in three warehouses managed by the International Federation in Dubai, Malaysia, and Panama that are used to respond to disasters. An Emergency Response Unit (ERU) is another method with which ARC responds to international emergencies. An ERU is made up of trained personnel and pre-packaged equipment that is crucial in responding to sudden, large-scale disasters and emergencies in remote locations. American Red Cross ERUs specialize in providing emergency relief supplies and IT and Telecommunications for American Red Cross response operations.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> ARC works with the Red Cross Red Crescent network to aid countries after disasters. ARC provides relief after a request from a country in need and then uses trained disaster responders and relief supplies strategically positioned worldwide to respond immediately. ARC may also provide financial aid to disaster relief efforts using donations given to the organization. The Ebola Outbreak in West Africa, Hurricane Dorian in the Bahamas, and Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines are some of the international disasters that ARC has responded to.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Flood_prevention_in_the_Huai_River_valley">Flood prevention in the Huai River valley</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Flood prevention in the Huai River valley">edit</a>]</div> In 1911, the ARC initiated its first international disaster-prevention project in the <a href="/wiki/Huai_River" title="Huai River">Huai River</a> Valley. The ARC hired engineers to redirect the Huai River to prevent the yearly flooding that ruined crops and caused famine.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> Key engineer within the project, C.D. Jameson, recommended a financial commitment to drainage, flood prevention, and land reclamation which he promised would result in 'the elimination of the suffering, starvation, and degeneration of several millions of people', which would substantially reduce 'unrest and lawlessness'.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> The plan's ambition to re-engineer the Chinese landscape was representative of the increasingly global ambitions of the ARC and the new direction the organization was taking prior to World War I.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Haiti">Haiti</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Haiti">edit</a>]</div> On January 12, 2010, a <a href="/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale" title="Moment magnitude scale">magnitude 7.0 Mw</a> <a href="/wiki/2010_Haiti_earthquake" title="2010 Haiti earthquake">earthquake</a> struck the <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haitian</a> coast 10 miles from the capital of <a href="/wiki/Port-au-Prince" title="Port-au-Prince">Port-au-Prince</a>, causing massive damage, more than 200,000 deaths and displacing nearly 2 million people. As of March 2011, ARC announced it had allocated $314 million for Haiti earthquake relief and recovery. ARC funded recovery projects to provide transitional homes, health services, disaster preparedness, water and sanitation improvements and livelihoods development. It provided funds for school fees for affected families. As of June 2011, ARC had raised approximately $484 million for Haiti relief and recovery efforts.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> A series of reports by <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a> and <a href="/wiki/ProPublica" title="ProPublica">ProPublica</a> found that much of the money Americans donated never made it to help people in Haiti and promises to rebuild neighborhoods were never met.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Global_health">Global health</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Global health">edit</a>]</div> ARC International Services global health initiatives focus on preventing and combating infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS and <a href="/wiki/Measles" title="Measles">measles</a> on a large scale. Through cost-effective, community-based health interventions, ARC targets people in need and focuses on accessibility and equity of care, community participation, and integration with other community development initiatives, such as water and sanitation projects and food and nutrition programs.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] An example of ARC International Services health programming is the <a href="/wiki/Measles_Initiative" class="mw-redirect" title="Measles Initiative">Measles Initiative</a>, launched in 2001, as a partnership committed to reducing measles deaths globally. The initiative provides technical and financial support to governments and communities on vaccination campaigns and disease surveillance worldwide. Leading these efforts are ARC, the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Centers_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention" title="Centers for Disease Control and Prevention">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Foundation" title="United Nations Foundation">United Nations Foundation</a>, <a href="/wiki/UNICEF" title="UNICEF">UNICEF</a> and the <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a>. The Measles Initiative has supported vaccination campaigns in more than 60 countries, mostly in Africa and Asia. Since 2001, the initiative has helped vaccinate one billion children in more than 60 developing countries.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> The initiative supported the distribution of more than 37 million insecticide-treated mosquito nets for malaria prevention, 81 million doses of de-worming medicine, 95 million doses of polio vaccine, and 186 million doses of <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_A" title="Vitamin A">vitamin A</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] As of January 1, 2023, the initiative became known as the Measles & Rubella Partnership. The Measles Initiative had been previously renamed in 2012, when the founding members of the organization decided on the inclusion of rubella elimination to the program, changing the name to the Measles and Rubella Initiative. The change to the Measles & Rubella Partnership came after the adoption of the Measles and Rubella Strategic Framework 2030. With the change, new core partners Gavi and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation have been added.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> In December 2006, ARC became a founding partner of the Malaria No More campaign. The campaign was formed by leading non-governmental organizations to inspire individuals, institutions, and organizations in the private sector to support a comprehensive approach to end <a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">malaria</a>, a devastating but preventable disease. ARC supported local Red Cross and Red Crescent volunteers in Africa who educated families and communities about malaria prevention and treatment, such as the proper and consistent use of <a href="/wiki/Insecticide" title="Insecticide">insecticide</a>-treated bed nets. ARC provided technical assistance and capacity-building support to its partners in difficult-to-reach communities.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_tracing_requests">International tracing requests</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: International tracing requests">edit</a>]</div> ARC handles international tracing requests and searches for families who have been separated. This service attempts to re-establish contact between separated family members. <a href="/wiki/Restoring_Family_Links" title="Restoring Family Links">Restoring Family Links</a> services provide the exchange of hand-written Red Cross Messages between individuals and their relatives who may be refugees or prisoners of war. At any given time, ARC Restoring Family Links program is handling the aftermath of 20–30 wars and conflicts. The worldwide structure of Red Cross and Red Crescent National Societies and the International Committee of the Red Cross make this service possible. When new information from former Soviet Union archives became available in the 1990s, a special unit was created to handle <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">Holocaust</a> tracing services.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_humanitarian_law">International humanitarian law</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: International humanitarian law">edit</a>]</div> ARC International Services educates the American public about the guiding principles of international humanitarian law (IHL) for conduct in warfare as set forth by the <a href="/wiki/Third_Geneva_Convention" title="Third Geneva Convention">Geneva Conventions of 1949</a>. In doing so, ARC International Services provides support to ARC chapters in their IHL dissemination efforts, offering courses and providing instructor training.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Service_to_the_Armed_Forces">Service to the Armed Forces</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Service to the Armed Forces">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Poster-red-cross-volunteer-for-victory.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Poster-red-cross-volunteer-for-victory.jpg/220px-Poster-red-cross-volunteer-for-victory.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="337" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Poster-red-cross-volunteer-for-victory.jpg/330px-Poster-red-cross-volunteer-for-victory.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Poster-red-cross-volunteer-for-victory.jpg/440px-Poster-red-cross-volunteer-for-victory.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="690" /></a><figcaption>A World War II-era poster encouraged American women to volunteer for the Red Cross as part of the war effort.</figcaption></figure> ARC provides emergency and non-emergency services to the United States military. The most notable service is emergency family communications, where families can contact the Red Cross to send important family messages (such as a death in the family, or new birth). ARC can also act as a verifying agency.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> The agency operates <a href="/wiki/Call_center" class="mw-redirect" title="Call center">call centers</a> to provide these services.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> ARC works closely with other military societies, such as the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Veterans_Affairs" title="United States Department of Veterans Affairs">Department of Veterans Affairs</a>, to provide other services to service members and their families. ARC is not involved with <a href="/wiki/Prisoners_of_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Prisoners of war">prisoners of war</a>; these are monitored by the <a href="/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross" title="International Committee of the Red Cross">International Committee of the Red Cross</a>, the international body.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carney_Airfield,_Solomon_Islands,_Red_Cross_girl._August_1944.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Carney_Airfield%2C_Solomon_Islands%2C_Red_Cross_girl._August_1944.jpg/180px-Carney_Airfield%2C_Solomon_Islands%2C_Red_Cross_girl._August_1944.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Carney_Airfield%2C_Solomon_Islands%2C_Red_Cross_girl._August_1944.jpg/270px-Carney_Airfield%2C_Solomon_Islands%2C_Red_Cross_girl._August_1944.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Carney_Airfield%2C_Solomon_Islands%2C_Red_Cross_girl._August_1944.jpg/360px-Carney_Airfield%2C_Solomon_Islands%2C_Red_Cross_girl._August_1944.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5857" data-file-height="7444" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Carney_Airfield" title="Carney Airfield">Carney Airfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guadalcanal" title="Guadalcanal">Guadalcanal</a>, Solomon Islands Red Cross girl, August 1944</figcaption></figure> One criticism of American Red Cross services to the military stems from stories about ARC charging troops during the Second World War and <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a> token fees for "comfort items" such as toothpaste, coffee, donuts, and cigarettes and for off-base food and lodging. The fee suggestion had been made in a letter dated March 1942 from the Secretary of War <a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Stimson" title="Henry L. Stimson">Henry L. Stimson</a> to Norman H. Davis, the chairman of ARC. The suggestion was that Allied soldiers were being charged money so Americans should be charged too so as to "ensure an equitable distribution among all service personnel of American Red Cross resources".<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> The American Red Cross adopted the Secretary's suggestion as policy.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> During World War II, ARC operated the <a href="/wiki/American_Red_Cross_Clubmobile_Service" title="American Red Cross Clubmobile Service">American Red Cross Clubmobile Service</a> to provide servicemen with food, entertainment and "a connection home." In a June 18, 1945, address to Congress, General <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> said of the American Red Cross service in World War II, "The Red Cross, with its clubs for recreation, its coffee and doughnuts in the forward areas, its readiness to meet the needs of the well and to help minister to the wounded has often seemed the friendly hand of this nation, reaching across the sea to sustain its fighting men."<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> An account of one World War II American Red Cross Girl is recorded in Destination Unknown by Kathleen Cox; her mother, LeOna Cox, was recruited to American Red Cross Service by a fellow teacher at <a href="/wiki/Allegheny_College" title="Allegheny College">Allegheny College</a>.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> Another account of an American Red Cross World War II worker is related in letters by Evelyn Merritt Welden, compiled in the book How to Play During a War: A Free Spirit's Life in Letters, by her son, Lynne Whelden.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_Lakes_Naval_Hospital_1966_-_American_Red_Cross_-_Jennie_Frankel_and_Terrie_Frankel_perform_for_wounded_soldiers.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Great_Lakes_Naval_Hospital_1966_-_American_Red_Cross_-_Jennie_Frankel_and_Terrie_Frankel_perform_for_wounded_soldiers.jpeg/220px-Great_Lakes_Naval_Hospital_1966_-_American_Red_Cross_-_Jennie_Frankel_and_Terrie_Frankel_perform_for_wounded_soldiers.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Great_Lakes_Naval_Hospital_1966_-_American_Red_Cross_-_Jennie_Frankel_and_Terrie_Frankel_perform_for_wounded_soldiers.jpeg/330px-Great_Lakes_Naval_Hospital_1966_-_American_Red_Cross_-_Jennie_Frankel_and_Terrie_Frankel_perform_for_wounded_soldiers.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Great_Lakes_Naval_Hospital_1966_-_American_Red_Cross_-_Jennie_Frankel_and_Terrie_Frankel_perform_for_wounded_soldiers.jpeg/440px-Great_Lakes_Naval_Hospital_1966_-_American_Red_Cross_-_Jennie_Frankel_and_Terrie_Frankel_perform_for_wounded_soldiers.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2687" data-file-height="1378" /></a><figcaption>Great Lakes Naval Hospital 1966, Jennie and Terrie Frankel perform for wounded soldiers.</figcaption></figure> During the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> 627 American women served in the ARC Supplemental Recreation Overseas Program. At the invitation of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> the "Donut Dollies" provided morale-boosting games to soldiers. Due to the mobility of the <a href="/wiki/UH-1_Iroquois" class="mw-redirect" title="UH-1 Iroquois">UH-1 Iroquois</a>, Vietnam Donut Dollies were able to visit troops in forwarding operating positions. The 2008 documentary film <a href="/wiki/A_Touch_of_Home:_The_Vietnam_War%27s_Red_Cross_Girls" title="A Touch of Home: The Vietnam War's Red Cross Girls">A Touch of Home: The Vietnam War's Red Cross Girls</a> tells the story of these women. ARC also provided services to entertain wounded soldiers at the Great Lakes Naval Hospital during the Vietnam War.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In 2011, the Service to the Armed Forces (SAF) unit was reorganized and began receiving $24 million per year from Congress for operating expenses. Along with being downsized there was a consolidation into four regional locations (San Diego, California, Ft. Sill, Oklahoma, Louisville, Kentucky, and Springfield, Massachusetts). In 2012 the first stories began breaking about long call times and the poor quality of response from call takers,<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> along with questions about whether money was being used appropriately.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> In 2015, the San Diego and Springfield locations were closed because an online option for families was implemented.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Controversies">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Johnson_&_Johnson_suit_over_Red_Cross_image">Johnson & Johnson suit over Red Cross image</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Johnson & Johnson suit over Red Cross image">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Emblems_of_the_Red_Cross#Johnson_&_Johnson_v._American_Red_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Emblems of the Red Cross">Emblems of the Red Cross § Johnson & Johnson v. American Red Cross</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg/220px-Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg/330px-Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg/440px-Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Emblems_of_the_International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="Emblems of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement">red cross</a> flag. The American Red Cross flag logo.</figcaption></figure> On August 7, 2007,<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> <a href="/wiki/Johnson_%26_Johnson" title="Johnson & Johnson">Johnson & Johnson</a> (J&J) filed suit against ARC over its sub licensing of the International Red Cross image for the production of first aid kits and similar products, which it alleged competed with the company's products. The suit also asked for the destruction of all non-Johnson & Johnson Red Cross Emblem bearing products and demanded that ARC pay <a href="/wiki/Punitive_damages" title="Punitive damages">punitive damages</a> and J&J's legal fees. The American Red Cross' position was that it had licensed its name to first aid kit makers in an effort to encourage readiness for disasters and that license revenues supported humanitarian work.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> J&J claimed that the American Red Cross's commercial ventures were outside the scope of historically well-agreed usage and were in direct violation of federal statutes.<a href="#cite_note-jnj_pressrelease-118">[118]</a> On May 14, 2008, a federal judge ruled against J&J.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> In June 2008, the two organizations announced a settlement had been reached allowing both parties to use the symbol.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Court_ordered_consent_decree">Court ordered consent decree</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Court ordered consent decree">edit</a>]</div> The FDA took court action against ARC in response to deficiencies in their procedures for ensuring blood supply safety. The resulting consent decree outlines violations of federal law that ARC engaged in before 1993.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> ARC paid millions of dollars in fines.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] ARC Biomedical Services instituted a standardized computer system to maintain the blood donor database; five National Testing Laboratories (NTLs) that test some six million units of blood annually;<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Drew" title="Charles R. Drew">Charles Drew</a> Biomedical Institute, which provides training and other educational resources to Red Cross Blood Services' personnel; a Quality Assurance/Regulatory Affairs Department, which helps to ensure regulatory compliance; and, a centrally managed blood inventory system.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The consent decree was amended in 2003 with penalties for specific violations.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The FDA could impose penalties after April, 2003 up to the following maximum amounts:[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <ul><li>$10,000 per event (and $10,000 per day) for any violation of an ARC standard operating procedure (SOP), the law, or consent decree requirement and timeline</li> <li>$50,000 for the preventable release of each unit of blood for which the FDA finds a reasonable probability of serious adverse health consequences <ul><li>$5,000 for the release of each unit that may cause temporary problems, up to a maximum of $500,000 per event</li></ul></li> <li>$50,000 for the improper re-release of each unsuitable blood unit that was returned to ARC inventory</li> <li>$10,000 for each donor inappropriately omitted from the <a href="/wiki/National_Donor_Deferral_Registry" title="National Donor Deferral Registry">National Donor Deferral Registry</a>, a list of all unsuitable donors</li></ul> The FDA continued to apply pressure and fines to ARC in order to enforce compliance with regulations, including a $1.7 million fine in June 2008.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> ARC worked closely with the FDA to develop a more robust system. The systems resulted in a five-year period of sustained compliance that led to the release from the Consent Decree as of December 4, 2015.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Blood_donation_controversy">Blood donation controversy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Blood donation controversy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/MSM_blood_donor_controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="MSM blood donor controversy">MSM blood donor controversy</a></div> ARC faced criticism from <a href="/wiki/LGBTQ" title="LGBTQ">lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer</a> (LGBTQ+) advocacy organizations for prohibiting <a href="/wiki/Men_who_have_sex_with_men" title="Men who have sex with men">men who have sex with men</a> (MSM) from donating blood. This policy was an FDA requirement for all blood collection companies and organizations in the United States. Specifically, the FDA instructs blood collection organizations to "defer for 12 months from the most recent sexual contact, a man who has had sex with another man during the past 12 months".<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> Consequently, ARC was legally unable to collect blood from such men. In 2006, along with the <a href="/wiki/AABB" title="AABB">AABB</a> and <a href="/wiki/America%27s_Blood_Centers" title="America's Blood Centers">America's Blood Centers</a>, ARC petitioned the FDA to remove the requirement from blood donations, citing better screening technologies.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> In August 2020, the American Red Cross reported on its website that its deferral of MSM from donating blood for 3 months after any sexual contact with another man is aligned with the newly updated guidance issued by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> Then in May 2023, the FDA approved a policy to allow "monogamous gay and bi men (MSM) to finally donate blood immediately" - however would take some time to fully implement across the whole <a href="/wiki/United_States_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="United States of America">United States of America</a>. An automatic 3-month deferred period still continually applies to non-monogamous individuals, regardless of sexual orientation, who have anal sex.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hurricane_Katrina_controversy">Hurricane Katrina controversy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Hurricane Katrina controversy">edit</a>]</div> In March, 2006, investigations of allegations of fraud and theft by volunteers and contractors within ARC Katrina operations were launched by the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> <a href="/wiki/Attorney_general#United_States" title="Attorney general">Attorney-General</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">Federal Bureau of Investigation</a> (FBI).<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> In response, ARC increased its internal and external education of the organization's fraud and a waste hotline for confidential reporting to a third-party agency.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The organization also elected to implement a background check policy for all volunteers and staff, starting in 2006.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> In April 2006, an unnamed former ARC official leaked reports made by the <a href="/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross" title="International Committee of the Red Cross">International Committee of the Red Cross</a> and the <a href="/wiki/British_Red_Cross" title="British Red Cross">British Red Cross</a>. Such reports are typical of a large-scale disaster relief operation involving other national Red Cross societies to solicit their input, but are usually confidential and not released to the general public. These particular reports were particularly critical of ARC operations in Katrina-affected regions, although the British Red Cross report strongly praised ARC volunteers for their efforts.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Question_of_spending_in_Haitian_earthquake_relief">Question of spending in Haitian earthquake relief</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Question of spending in Haitian earthquake relief">edit</a>]</div> After the <a href="/wiki/2010_Haiti_earthquake" title="2010 Haiti earthquake">2010 Haiti earthquake</a>, the Red Cross raised $490 million in relief donations.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> The charts put to the press claim that a substantial amount was spent in the years following, but first-person accounts share another story.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> As of 2015, a total of six homes were built.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Storms_controversy_(Hurricane_Sandy,_Isaac,_other_major_storms)">Storms controversy (Hurricane Sandy, Isaac, other major storms)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Storms controversy (Hurricane Sandy, Isaac, other major storms)">edit</a>]</div> In October 2014, independent public interest news broadcasters <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a> and <a href="/wiki/ProPublica" title="ProPublica">ProPublica</a> published investigative reports on the Red Cross's handling of US East Coast Hurricanes <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Sandy" title="Hurricane Sandy">Sandy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Isaac_(2012)" title="Hurricane Isaac (2012)">Isaac</a>, citing internal Red Cross documents and interviews with former Red Cross and government officials. It criticized the organization's response in failing to meet the immediate needs of victims. It also described "an organization so consumed with public relations that it hindered the charity's ability to provide disaster services."<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Red_Cross_Motor_Corps" title="American Red Cross Motor Corps">American Red Cross Motor Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Red_Cross_Volunteer_Life_Saving_Corps" title="American Red Cross Volunteer Life Saving Corps">American Red Cross Volunteer Life Saving Corps</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Title_36_of_the_United_States_Code" title="Title 36 of the United States Code">36 U.S.C.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/36/300101">§ 300101</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.redcross.org/about-us/who-we-are/history/federal-charter.html">"Our Federal Charter"</a>. American Red Cross. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220207152007/https://www.redcross.org/about-us/who-we-are/history/federal-charter.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 7, 2022. 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Pioneer Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071107111724/http://www.twincities.com/collapse/ci_6713803">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2007. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.startribune.com/462/story/1411927.html">the original</a> on November 1, 2007. Retrieved September 10, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Star+Tribune&rft.atitle=Bridge+Disaster+Fund+tops+%24564%2C000&rft.date=2007-09-10&rft.au=Louwagie%2C+Pam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.startribune.com%2F462%2Fstory%2F1411927.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> Minnesota designated counties are found in three places: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081004103620/http://www.fsa.usda.gov/FSA/newsReleases?area=newsroom&subject=landing&topic=edn&newstype=ednewsrel&type=detail&item=ed_20070807_rel_1497.html">"USDA Designates 24 Minnesota Counties as Primary Natural Disaster Areas"</a> (Press release). Farm Service Agency, U.S. Department of Agriculture. August 7, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fsa.usda.gov/FSA/newsReleases?area=newsroom&subject=landing&topic=edn&newstype=ednewsrel&type=detail&item=ed_20070807_rel_1497.html">the original</a> on October 4, 2008. Retrieved August 25, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=USDA+Designates+24+Minnesota+Counties+as+Primary+Natural+Disaster+Areas&rft.pub=Farm+Service+Agency%2C+U.S.+Department+of+Agriculture&rft.date=2007-08-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fsa.usda.gov%2FFSA%2FnewsReleases%3Farea%3Dnewsroom%26subject%3Dlanding%26topic%3Dedn%26newstype%3Dednewsrel%26type%3Ddetail%26item%3Ded_20070807_rel_1497.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"> and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPreston,_Steven_C.2007" class="citation web cs1">Preston, Steven C. (August 22, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070925195456/http://www.sba.gov/idc/groups/public/documents/sba_homepage/serv_mn_scan_10991.pdf">"Disaster Declaration #10991"</a> (PDF). U.S. Small Business Administration. 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Retrieved August 18, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Types+of+ERU+%E2%80%93+IFRC&rft.au=International+Federation+of+Red+Cross+and+Red+Crescent+Societies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ifrc.org%2Fen%2Fwhat-we-do%2Fdisaster-management%2Fresponding%2Fdisaster-response-system%2Fdr-tools-and-systems%2Feru%2Ftypes-of-eru%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> The American National Red Cross. (n.d.). International disasters and crises. 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Retrieved July 27, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Red+Cross+Is+Fined+For+Blood+Violations&rft.date=2008-06-10&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Gardiner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2008%2F06%2F09%2FAR2008060902695.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160530020334/http://www.thenonprofittimes.com/news-articles/red-cross-gets-blood-consent-decree-lifted">"Red Cross Gets Blood Consent Decree Lifted"</a>. The Nonprofit Times. December 15, 2015. 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Retrieved December 22, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Nonprofit+Times&rft.atitle=Red+Cross+Gets+Blood+Consent+Decree+Lifted&rft.date=2015-12-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenonprofittimes.com%2Fnews-articles%2Fred-cross-gets-blood-consent-decree-lifted&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/Blood/UCM446580.pdf">"Revised Recommendations for Reducing the Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission by Blood and Blood Products"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">Food and Drug Administration</a>. 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Retrieved December 16, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Food+and+Drug+Administration&rft.atitle=Revised+Recommendations+for+Reducing+the+Risk+of+Human+Immunodeficiency+Virus+Transmission+by+Blood+and+Blood+Products&rft.date=2019-03-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fda.gov%2Fdownloads%2FBiologicsBloodVaccines%2FGuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation%2FGuidances%2FBlood%2FUCM446580.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060316100845/http://www.advocate.com/news_detail_ektid27945.asp">"Red Cross calls for end to ban on gay blood donors"</a>. Advocate.com. 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May 30, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111117162810/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=10540971">Archived</a> from the original on November 17, 2011. Retrieved March 8, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=American+Red+Cross+Fights+Ban+on+Gays%27+Blood&rft.date=2007-05-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Ftemplates%2Fstory%2Fstory.php%3FstoryId%3D10540971&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.redcrossblood.org/donate-blood/how-to-donate/eligibility-requirements/lgbtq-donors.html">"Eligibility Criteria by Topic"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180124171950/https://www.redcrossblood.org/donating-blood/lgbtq-donors">Archived</a> from the original on January 24, 2018. Retrieved January 25, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eligibility+Criteria+by+Topic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redcrossblood.org%2Fdonate-blood%2Fhow-to-donate%2Feligibility-requirements%2Flgbtq-donors.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/gay-bisexual-men-can-donate-blood-new-fda-rules-rcna83937">"More gay and bisexual men can donate blood under new FDA rules"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a>. May 11, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230514125426/https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/gay-bisexual-men-can-donate-blood-new-fda-rules-rcna83937">Archived</a> from the original on May 14, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=More+gay+and+bisexual+men+can+donate+blood+under+new+FDA+rules&rft.date=2023-05-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fhealth%2Fhealth-news%2Fgay-bisexual-men-can-donate-blood-new-fda-rules-rcna83937&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161024041259/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4851428.stm">"Red Cross probed on Katrina fraud"</a>. BBC News Online. March 27, 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4851428.stm">the original</a> on October 24, 2016. Retrieved April 18, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News+Online&rft.atitle=Red+Cross+probed+on+Katrina+fraud&rft.date=2006-03-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Famericas%2F4851428.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070129021024/http://www.plainsredcross.org/pdf%20files/backgrnd_chk_fact_sheet.pdf">"Background Check Fact Sheet"</a> (PDF). PlainsRedCross.org. July 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plainsredcross.org/pdf%20files/backgrnd_chk_fact_sheet.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on January 29, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PlainsRedCross.org&rft.atitle=Background+Check+Fact+Sheet&rft.date=2006-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.plainsredcross.org%2Fpdf%2520files%2Fbackgrnd_chk_fact_sheet.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.redcross.org/content/dam/redcross/International-Services/Haiti-10-year-pie-chart-FINAL.jpg">"Haiti 10-Year Pie Chart JPG file"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221018214425/https://www.redcross.org/content/dam/redcross/International-Services/Haiti-10-year-pie-chart-FINAL.jpg">Archived</a> from the original on October 18, 2022. Retrieved October 17, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Haiti+10-Year+Pie+Chart+JPG+file&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redcross.org%2Fcontent%2Fdam%2Fredcross%2FInternational-Services%2FHaiti-10-year-pie-chart-FINAL.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2015/06/03/411524156/in-search-of-the-red-cross-500-million-in-haiti-relief">"In Search of the Red Cross' $500 Million in Haiti Relief"</a>. NPR.org. NPR. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160731080724/http://www.npr.org/2015/06/03/411524156/in-search-of-the-red-cross-500-million-in-haiti-relief">Archived</a> from the original on July 31, 2016. Retrieved April 6, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR.org&rft.atitle=In+Search+of+the+Red+Cross%27+%24500+Million+in+Haiti+Relief&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2015%2F06%2F03%2F411524156%2Fin-search-of-the-red-cross-500-million-in-haiti-relief&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230815140826/https://www.propublica.org/article/how-the-red-cross-raised-half-a-billion-dollars-for-haiti-and-built-6-homes">"How the Red Cross Raised Half a Billion Dollars for Haiti and Built Six Homes"</a>. propublica.org. ProPublica. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.propublica.org/article/how-the-red-cross-raised-half-a-billion-dollars-for-haiti-and-built-6-homes">the original</a> on August 15, 2023. Retrieved August 15, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=propublica.org&rft.atitle=How+the+Red+Cross+Raised+Half+a+Billion+Dollars+for+Haiti+and+Built+Six+Homes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.propublica.org%2Farticle%2Fhow-the-red-cross-raised-half-a-billion-dollars-for-haiti-and-built-6-homes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2014/10/29/359365276/on-superstorm-sandy-anniversary-red-cross-under-scrutiny">"Red Cross 'Diverted Assets' During Storms' Aftermath To Focus On Image"</a>. NPR. October 29, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190330162930/https://www.npr.org/2014/10/29/359365276/on-superstorm-sandy-anniversary-red-cross-under-scrutiny">Archived</a> from the original on March 30, 2019. Retrieved January 27, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Red+Cross+%27Diverted+Assets%27+During+Storms%27+Aftermath+To+Focus+On+Image&rft.date=2014-10-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2014%2F10%2F29%2F359365276%2Fon-superstorm-sandy-anniversary-red-cross-under-scrutiny&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/red-cross-defends-response-hurricane-sandy-two-years/">"Red Cross defends response to Hurricane Sandy two years on"</a>. PBS. October 29, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151027104844/http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/red-cross-defends-response-hurricane-sandy-two-years/">Archived</a> from the original on October 27, 2015. Retrieved October 27, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Red+Cross+defends+response+to+Hurricane+Sandy+two+years+on&rft.date=2014-10-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fnewshour%2Fbb%2Fred-cross-defends-response-hurricane-sandy-two-years%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElliottEisingerSullivan2014" class="citation web cs1">Elliott, Justin; Eisinger, Jesse; Sullivan, Laura (October 29, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.propublica.org/article/the-red-cross-secret-disaster">"The Red Cross' Secret Disaster"</a>. Propublica.org. ProPublica and NPR. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151026215734/https://www.propublica.org/article/the-red-cross-secret-disaster">Archived</a> from the original on October 26, 2015. Retrieved October 27, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Propublica.org&rft.atitle=The+Red+Cross%27+Secret+Disaster&rft.date=2014-10-29&rft.aulast=Elliott&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft.au=Eisinger%2C+Jesse&rft.au=Sullivan%2C+Laura&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.propublica.org%2Farticle%2Fthe-red-cross-secret-disaster&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Bane, Suda Lorena, and Ralph Haswell Lutz, eds. Organization of American Relief in Europe, 1918–1919 (Stanford University Press, 1943).</li> <li>Davison, Henry P. The American Red Cross in the Great War (The Macmillan Company, 1919).</li> <li>Dulles, Foster Rhea. The American Red Cross: A History. (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1950).</li> <li>Egan, Timothy B. and Thanousone Pravongviengkham. "American Red Cross: A History and Analysis" (Defense Technical Information Center, 2016) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/DTIC_AD1030846">online</a></li> <li>Fike, Claude E. "The Influence of the Creel Committee and the American Red Cross on Russian-American Relations, 1917–1919." Journal of Modern History 31#2 (1959): 93–109. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/1875598">online</a>.</li> <li>Irwin, Julia. Making the World Safe: The American Red Cross and a Nation's Humanitarian Awakening. New York: Oxford University Press, 2013.</li> <li>Irwin, Julia. "The American Red Cross in Great War-Era Europe, 1914–1922." The Tocqueville Review 38.2 (2017): 117–131.</li> <li>Irwin, Julia F. "Teaching 'Americanism with a World Perspective': The Junior Red Cross in the U.S. Schools from 1917 to the 1920s." History of Education Quarterly;; 53#3 (2013), pp. 255–279. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/42704875">online</a></li> <li>Irwin, Julia F. "Nation Building and Rebuilding: The American Red Cross in Italy during the Great War." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 8#3 2009, pp. 407–439 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40542839">online</a></li> <li>Jones, Marian Moser. The American Red Cross From Clara Barton to the New Deal. (Johns Hopkins University Press; 2013).</li> <li>Jones, Marian Moser. "The American Red Cross and Local Response to the 1918 Influenza Pandemic: A Four-City Case Study." Public Health Reports vol. 125, 2010, pp. 92–104. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41435303">online</a></li> <li>Kind-Kovács, Friederike. "The Great War, the child's body and the American Red Cross." European Review of History: Revue européenne d'histoire 23.1–2 (2016): 33–62, child-relief activities in Hungary 1919. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2015.1121971">https://doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2015.1121971</a></li> <li>Rodogno, Davide. "The American Red Cross and the International Committee of the Red Cross: Humanitarian Politics and Policies in Asia Minor and Greece (1922–1923)." First World War Studies 5#1 (2014): 83–99</li> <li>Rozario, Kevin. "'Delicious horrors': Mass culture, the Red Cross, and the appeal of modern american humanitarianism." American Quarterly (2003) 55#3. 417–455. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muse.jhu.edu/article/46647">online</a></li> <li>Schmidt, Cheryl K. "In Our Community: American Red Cross Nursing: Essential to Disaster Relief." American Journal of Nursing 104#8 (2004): 35–38. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/29746095">online</a>.</li> <li>Whelden, Lynne Merritt. How to Play During a War: A Free Spirit's Life in Letters (Canton, PA: Lynne Whelden Productions; 2007).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Red_Cross&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikisource has original works on the topic: <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Portal:American_Red_Cross" class="extiw" title="s:Portal:American Red Cross">American Red Cross</a></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:American_Red_Cross" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:American Red Cross">American Red Cross</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.redcross.org/">Official website</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q470110#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://photos.irp.us/Public-Safety/Red-Cross/Atlanta">American Red Cross Disaster Relief Photos</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nps.gov/articles/clara-barton-s-house-home-of-the-american-red-cross-teaching-with-historic-places.htm">Clara Barton's House: Home of the American Red Cross, a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://statenisland.pastperfectonline.com/webobject/09E6345C-78F5-469C-ACDE-098342963330">American Red Cross Motor Service uniform, the 1940s, in the Staten Island Historical Society Online Collections Database</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://statenisland.pastperfectonline.com/webobject/B79B63A3-2EFC-4F41-B0C0-185072324320">American Red Cross Nurse's Aide uniform, the 1940s, in the Staten Island Historical Society Online Collections Database</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dmr.bsu.edu/digital/collection/WWIPosters/search/searchterm/Red%20Cross/field/all/mode/all/conn/and/cosuppress/">Red Cross posters from World War I</a> from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dmr.bsu.edu/digital/collection/WWIPosters">Elisabeth Ball Collection</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160210025313/https://arcweb.archives.gov/arc/action/ExternalIdSearch?id=783">Records of the American National Red Cross, 1881–2008</a> at the National Archives and Records Administration</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/530196605">"American Red Cross Internal Revenue Service filings"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ProPublica" title="ProPublica">ProPublica</a> Nonprofit Explorer.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ProPublica+Nonprofit+Explorer&rft.atitle=American+Red+Cross+Internal+Revenue+Service+filings&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fprojects.propublica.org%2Fnonprofits%2Forganizations%2F530196605&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Red+Cross" class="Z3988"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/35748">Works by American National Red Cross</a> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Cross%2C%20American%20Red%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Cross%2C%20American%20R%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Cross%2C%20A%2E%20R%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22American%20Red%20Cross%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22American%20R%2E%20Cross%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22A%2E%20R%2E%20Cross%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Cross%2C%20American%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22American%20Cross%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22American%20Red%20Cross%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22American%20R%2E%20Cross%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22A%2E%20R%2E%20Cross%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22A%2E%20Red%20Cross%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Cross%2C%20American%20Red%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Cross%2C%20American%20R%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Cross%2C%20A%2E%20R%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Cross%2C%20A%2E%20Red%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22American%20Cross%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Cross%2C%20American%22%20OR%20title%3A%22American%20Red%20Cross%22%20OR%20title%3A%22American%20R%2E%20Cross%22%20OR%20title%3A%22A%2E%20R%2E%20Cross%22%20OR%20title%3A%22American%20Cross%22%20OR%20description%3A%22American%20Red%20Cross%22%20OR%20description%3A%22American%20R%2E%20Cross%22%20OR%20description%3A%22A%2E%20R%2E%20Cross%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Cross%2C%20American%20Red%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Cross%2C%20American%20R%2E%22%20OR%20description%3A%22American%20Cross%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Cross%2C%20American%22%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works 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id="International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement">International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Red_Crescent.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Red_Crescent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Red_Crescent.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Red_Crescent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Red_Crescent.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Red_Crescent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_the_Red_Crystal.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Red_Crystal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_the_Red_Crystal.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Red_Crystal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_the_Red_Crystal.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Red_Crystal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="International_Organisations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">International Organisations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross" title="International Committee of the Red Cross">International Committee of the Red Cross</a> (ICRC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies</a> (IFRC)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="National_Societies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="List of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">National Societies</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:33%;"><div> <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan"><img alt="Afghanistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Afghan_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Afghan Red Crescent Society">Afghanistan</a> <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania"><img alt="Albania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/42px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Red_Cross" title="Albanian Red Cross">Albania</a> <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria"><img alt="Algeria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Algerian_Red_Crescent" title="Algerian Red Crescent">Algeria</a> <a href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra"><img alt="Andorra" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/22px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/33px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/43px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Andorran_Red_Cross" title="Andorran Red Cross">Andorra</a> <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola"><img alt="Angola" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/23px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/35px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/45px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Angola_Red_Cross" title="Angola Red Cross">Angola</a> <a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda"><img alt="Antigua and Barbuda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antigua_and_Barbuda_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antigua and Barbuda Red Cross (page does not exist)">Antigua and Barbuda</a> <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina"><img alt="Argentina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Argentine_Red_Cross" title="Argentine Red Cross">Argentina</a> <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia"><img alt="Armenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Red_Cross_Society" title="Armenian Red Cross Society">Armenia</a> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Australian_Red_Cross" title="Australian Red Cross">Australia</a> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Red_Cross" title="Austrian Red Cross">Austria</a> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan"><img alt="Azerbaijan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Azerbaijan Red Crescent Society">Azerbaijan</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas"><img alt="The Bahamas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Bahamas_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Bahamas Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">The Bahamas</a> <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain"><img alt="Bahrain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bahrain_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Bahrain Red Crescent Society">Bahrain</a> <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh"><img alt="Bangladesh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Bangladesh Red Crescent Society">Bangladesh</a> <a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados"><img alt="Barbados" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/23px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/35px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/45px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Barbados_Red_Cross_Society" title="Barbados Red Cross Society">Barbados</a> <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus"><img alt="Belarus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Belarus_Red_Cross" title="Belarus Red Cross">Belarus</a> (suspended) <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Belgian_Red_Cross" title="Belgian Red Cross">Belgium</a> <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize"><img alt="Belize" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Belize_Red_Cross_Society" title="Belize Red Cross Society">Belize</a> <a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin"><img alt="Benin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/23px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/35px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/45px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_of_Benin" title="Red Cross of Benin">Benin</a> <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan"><img alt="Bhutan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Flag_of_Bhutan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bhutan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Flag_of_Bhutan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bhutan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Flag_of_Bhutan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Bhutan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bhutan_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bhutan Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Bhutan</a> <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia"><img alt="Bolivia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/34px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bolivian_Red_Cross" title="Bolivian Red Cross">Bolivia</a> <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina"><img alt="Bosnia and Herzegovina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_Society_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Red Cross Society of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana"><img alt="Botswana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Botswana_Red_Cross_Society" title="Botswana Red Cross Society">Botswana</a> <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil"><img alt="Brazil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Red_Cross" title="Brazilian Red Cross">Brazil</a> <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei"><img alt="Brunei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Brunei_Darussalam_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Brunei Darussalam Red Crescent Society">Brunei</a> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Red_Cross" title="Bulgarian Red Cross">Bulgaria</a> <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso"><img alt="Burkina Faso" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/23px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/35px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/45px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Burkinabe_Red_Cross_Society" title="Burkinabe Red Cross Society">Burkina Faso</a> <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi"><img alt="Burundi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/46px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Burundi_Red_Cross" title="Burundi Red Cross">Burundi</a> <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia"><img alt="Cambodia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="640" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Cambodian_Red_Cross" title="Cambodian Red Cross">Cambodia</a> <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon"><img alt="Cameroon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Cameroon_Red_Cross_Society" title="Cameroon Red Cross Society">Cameroon</a> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Red_Cross" title="Canadian Red Cross">Canada</a> <a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde"><img alt="Cape Verde" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_of_Cape_Verde" title="Red Cross of Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a> <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic"><img alt="Central African Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Red_Cross_Society" title="Central African Red Cross Society">Central African Republic</a> <a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad"><img alt="Chad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_of_Chad" title="Red Cross of Chad">Chad</a> <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile"><img alt="Chile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chilean Red Cross (page does not exist)">Chile</a> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruz_Roja_Chilena" class="extiw" title="es:Cruz Roja Chilena">es</a>] <a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_Society_of_China" title="Red Cross Society of China">China</a> <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia"><img alt="Colombia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Colombian_Red_Cross" title="Colombian Red Cross">Colombia</a> <a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros"><img alt="Comoros" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/The_Comoros_Red_Crescent" title="The Comoros Red Crescent">Comoros</a> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo"><img alt="Republic of the Congo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Congolese_Red_Cross_(Republic_of_the_Congo)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Congolese Red Cross (Republic of the Congo) (page does not exist)">Congo</a> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croce_Rossa_congolese" class="extiw" title="it:Croce Rossa congolese">it</a>] <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo"><img alt="Democratic Republic of the Congo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/31px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Red Cross of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo, Democratic Republic of the</a> <a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands"><img alt="Cook Islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cook_Islands_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cook Islands Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Cook Islands</a> <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica"><img alt="Costa Rica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Costa_Rican_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Costa Rican Red Cross (page does not exist)">Costa Rica</a> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruz_Roja_Costarricense" class="extiw" title="es:Cruz Roja Costarricense">es</a>] <a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast"><img alt="Ivory Coast" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/23px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/35px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/45px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of Côte d'Ivoire (page does not exist)">Côte d'Ivoire</a> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Red_Cross" title="Croatian Red Cross">Croatia</a> <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba"><img alt="Cuba" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Cuban_Red_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuban Red Cross">Cuba</a> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruz_Roja_Cubana" class="extiw" title="es:Cruz Roja Cubana">es</a>] <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Red_Cross" title="Cyprus Red Cross">Cyprus</a> <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Czech_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Czech Red Cross (page does not exist)">Czech Republic</a> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Danish_Red_Cross" title="Danish Red Cross">Denmark</a> <a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti"><img alt="Djibouti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/23px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/35px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/45px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Crescent_Society_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Crescent Society of Djibouti (page does not exist)">Djibouti</a> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:33%;"><div> <a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica"><img alt="Dominica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Dominica_Red_Cross_Society" title="Dominica Red Cross Society">Dominica</a> <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic"><img alt="Dominican Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Red_Cross" title="Dominican Red Cross">Dominican Republic</a> <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador"><img alt="Ecuador" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ecuadorian_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ecuadorian Red Cross (page does not exist)">Ecuador</a> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruz_Roja_Ecuatoriana" class="extiw" title="es:Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana">es</a>] <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt"><img alt="Egypt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Egyptian Red Crescent Society">Egypt</a> <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador"><img alt="El Salvador" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/23px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/35px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/46px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="567" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvadorean_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salvadorean Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">El Salvador</a> <a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea"><img alt="Equatorial Guinea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/45px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_of_Equatorial_Guinea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross of Equatorial Guinea (page does not exist)">Equatorial Guinea</a> <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea"><img alt="Eritrea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/46px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_Eritrea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of Eritrea (page does not exist)">Eritrea</a> <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Red_Cross" title="Estonian Red Cross">Estonia</a> <a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini"><img alt="Eswatini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/23px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/35px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/45px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baphalali_Eswatini_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baphalali Eswatini Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Eswatini</a> <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia"><img alt="Ethiopia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Red_Cross_Society" title="Ethiopian Red Cross Society">Ethiopia</a> <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji"><img alt="Fiji" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/23px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/35px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/46px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Fiji_Red_Cross_Society" title="Fiji Red Cross Society">Fiji</a> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Red_Cross" title="Finnish Red Cross">Finland</a> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/French_Red_Cross" title="French Red Cross">France</a> <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon"><img alt="Gabon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/31px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabonese_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabonese Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Gabon</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia"><img alt="The Gambia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/23px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/35px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/45px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Gambia_Red_Cross_Society" title="Gambia Red Cross Society">Gambia</a> <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)"><img alt="Georgia (country)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_Georgia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of Georgia (page does not exist)">Georgia</a> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/German_Red_Cross" title="German Red Cross">Germany</a> <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana"><img alt="Ghana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ghana_Red_Cross_Society" title="Ghana Red Cross Society">Ghana</a> <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Red_Cross" title="Hellenic Red Cross">Greece</a> <a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada"><img alt="Grenada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/23px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/35px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/46px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grenada Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Grenada</a> <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala"><img alt="Guatemala" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_Red_Cross" title="Guatemalan Red Cross">Guatemala</a> <a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea"><img alt="Guinea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/45px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_Guinea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of Guinea (page does not exist)">Guinea</a> <a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau"><img alt="Guinea-Bissau" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_Guinea-Bissau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of Guinea-Bissau (page does not exist)">Guinea-Bissau</a> <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana"><img alt="Guyana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guyana_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guyana Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Guyana</a> <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti"><img alt="Haiti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/23px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/35px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/46px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haiti_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haiti Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Haiti</a> <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras"><img alt="Honduras" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/23px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/35px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/46px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Honduran_Red_Cross" title="Honduran Red Cross">Honduras</a> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hungarian Red Cross (page does not exist)">Hungary</a> <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland"><img alt="Iceland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/21px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/42px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Icelandic_Red_Cross" title="Icelandic Red Cross">Iceland</a> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Indian_Red_Cross_Society" title="Indian Red Cross Society">India</a> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia"><img alt="Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Red_Cross_Society" title="Indonesian Red Cross Society">Indonesia</a> <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran"><img alt="Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Iranian Red Crescent Society">Iran</a> <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq"><img alt="Iraq" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Iraqi Red Crescent Society">Iraq</a> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Irish_Red_Cross_Society" title="Irish Red Cross Society">Ireland</a> <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><img alt="Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Magen_David_Adom" title="Magen David Adom">Israel</a> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Italian_Red_Cross" title="Italian Red Cross">Italy</a> <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica"><img alt="Jamaica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Red_Cross" title="Jamaica Red Cross">Jamaica</a> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Red_Cross_Society" title="Japanese Red Cross Society">Japan</a> <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan"><img alt="Jordan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jordan_National_Red_Crescent_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jordan National Red Crescent Society (page does not exist)">Jordan</a> <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan"><img alt="Kazakhstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazakh_Red_Crescent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kazakh Red Crescent (page does not exist)">Kazakhstan</a> <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya"><img alt="Kenya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kenya_Red_Cross_Society" title="Kenya Red Cross Society">Kenya</a> <a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati"><img alt="Kiribati" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kiribati.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kiribati.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kiribati.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kiribati.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kiribati.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kiribati.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kiribati_Red_Cross_Society" title="Kiribati Red Cross Society">Kiribati</a> <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea"><img alt="North Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_Society_of_the_Democratic_People%27s_Republic_of_Korea" title="Red Cross Society of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea">Korea, North</a> <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Korean_Red_Cross" title="Korean Red Cross">Korea, South</a> <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait"><img alt="Kuwait" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kuwait_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Kuwait Red Crescent Society">Kuwait</a> <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan"><img alt="Kyrgyzstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Crescent_Society_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Crescent Society of Kyrgyzstan (page does not exist)">Kyrgyzstan</a> <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos"><img alt="Laos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/23px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/35px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/45px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Lao_Red_Cross_Society" title="Lao Red Cross Society">Laos</a> <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Latvian_Red_Cross" title="Latvian Red Cross">Latvia</a> <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon"><img alt="Lebanon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Red_Cross" title="Lebanese Red Cross">Lebanon</a> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:33%;"><div> <a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho"><img alt="Lesotho" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lesotho_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lesotho Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Lesotho</a> <a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia"><img alt="Liberia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberian_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberian Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Liberia</a> <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya"><img alt="Libya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/23px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/35px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/46px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Libyan_Red_Crescent" class="mw-redirect" title="Libyan Red Crescent">Libya</a> <a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein"><img alt="Liechtenstein" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/23px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/35px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/46px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein_Red_Cross" title="Liechtenstein Red Cross">Liechtenstein</a> <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Red_Cross_Society" title="Lithuanian Red Cross Society">Lithuania</a> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_Red_Cross" title="Luxembourg Red Cross">Luxembourg</a> <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar"><img alt="Madagascar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malagasy_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malagasy Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Madagascar</a> <a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi"><img alt="Malawi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malawi_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malawi Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Malawi</a> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia"><img alt="Malaysia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Malaysian Red Crescent Society">Malaysia</a> <a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives"><img alt="Maldives" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/23px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/35px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/45px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Maldivian_Red_Crescent" title="Maldivian Red Crescent">Maldives</a> <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali"><img alt="Mali" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Mali_Red_Cross" title="Mali Red Cross">Mali</a> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malta_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malta Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Malta</a> <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands" title="Marshall Islands"><img alt="Marshall Islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marshall_Islands_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marshall Islands Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Marshall Islands</a> <a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania"><img alt="Mauritania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mauritanian_Red_Crescent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mauritanian Red Crescent (page does not exist)">Mauritania</a> <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius"><img alt="Mauritius" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mauritius_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mauritius Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Mauritius</a> <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"><img alt="Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Red_Cross" title="Mexican Red Cross">Mexico</a> <a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia"><img alt="Federated States of Micronesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Micronesia_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Micronesia Red Cross (page does not exist)">Micronesia, Federated States of</a> <a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova"><img alt="Moldova" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/23px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/35px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/46px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_the_Republic_of_Moldova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of the Republic of Moldova (page does not exist)">Moldova</a> <a href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco"><img alt="Monaco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Monaco.svg/19px-Flag_of_Monaco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Monaco.svg/29px-Flag_of_Monaco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Monaco.svg/38px-Flag_of_Monaco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_of_Monaco" title="Red Cross of Monaco">Monaco</a> <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia"><img alt="Mongolia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Red_Cross_Society" title="Mongolian Red Cross Society">Mongolia</a> <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro"><img alt="Montenegro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/35px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/46px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_of_Montenegro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross of Montenegro (page does not exist)">Montenegro</a> <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco"><img alt="Morocco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moroccan_Red_Crescent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moroccan Red Crescent (page does not exist)">Morocco</a> <a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique"><img alt="Mozambique" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mozambique_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mozambique Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Mozambique</a> <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar"><img alt="Myanmar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Myanmar_Red_Cross_Society" title="Myanmar Red Cross Society">Myanmar</a> <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia"><img alt="Namibia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Namibia_Red_Cross_Society" title="Namibia Red Cross Society">Namibia</a> <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal"><img alt="Nepal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/16px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/25px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Nepal_Red_Cross_Society" title="Nepal Red Cross Society">Nepal</a> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands_Red_Cross" title="Netherlands Red Cross">Netherlands</a> <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand"><img alt="New Zealand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Red_Cross" title="New Zealand Red Cross">New Zealand</a> <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua"><img alt="Nicaragua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Nicaraguan_Red_Cross" title="Nicaraguan Red Cross">Nicaragua</a> <a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger"><img alt="Niger" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/18px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/27px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/35px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_Society_of_Niger" title="Red Cross Society of Niger">Niger</a> <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria"><img alt="Nigeria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Red_Cross_Society" title="Nigerian Red Cross Society">Nigeria</a> <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia"><img alt="North Macedonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_of_the_Republic_of_North_Macedonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross of the Republic of North Macedonia (page does not exist)">North Macedonia</a> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Red_Cross" title="Norwegian Red Cross">Norway</a> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan"><img alt="Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Pakistan Red Crescent Society">Pakistan</a> <a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau"><img alt="Palau" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Palau_Red_Cross_Society" title="Palau Red Cross Society">Palau</a> <a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine"><img alt="State of Palestine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Palestine_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Palestine Red Crescent Society">Palestine</a> <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama"><img alt="Panama" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/23px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/35px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/45px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_Panama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of Panama (page does not exist)">Panama</a> <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea"><img alt="Papua New Guinea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/31px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea_Red_Cross_Society" title="Papua New Guinea Red Cross Society">Papua New Guinea</a> <a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay"><img alt="Paraguay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/46px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="660" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paraguayan_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paraguayan Red Cross (page does not exist)">Paraguay</a> <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru"><img alt="Peru" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peruvian_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peruvian Red Cross (page does not exist)">Peru</a> (suspended) <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines"><img alt="Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Red_Cross" title="Philippine Red Cross">Philippines</a> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Polish_Red_Cross" title="Polish Red Cross">Poland</a> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Portuguese_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portuguese Red Cross (page does not exist)">Portugal</a> [<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruz_Vermelha_Portuguesa" class="extiw" title="pt:Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa">pt</a>] <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar"><img alt="Qatar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/46px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Qatar_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Qatar Red Crescent Society">Qatar</a> <a href="/wiki/Republika_Srpska" title="Republika Srpska"><img alt="Republika Srpska" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_of_Republika_Srpska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross of Republika Srpska (page does not exist)">Republika Srpska</a> <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Red_Cross" title="Romanian Red Cross">Romania</a> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Red_Cross_Society" title="Russian Red Cross Society">Russia</a> <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda"><img alt="Rwanda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Rwandan_Red_Cross" title="Rwandan Red Cross">Rwanda</a> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis"><img alt="Saint Kitts and Nevis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis_Red_Cross_Society" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis Red Cross Society">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:33%;"><div> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia"><img alt="Saint Lucia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia_Red_Cross" title="Saint Lucia Red Cross">Saint Lucia</a> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"><img alt="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Red Cross (page does not exist)">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a> <a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa"><img alt="Samoa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/23px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/35px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/46px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Samoa_Red_Cross_Society" title="Samoa Red Cross Society">Samoa</a> <a href="/wiki/San_Marino" title="San Marino"><img alt="San Marino" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/20px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/31px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/40px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_of_the_Republic_of_San_Marino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross of the Republic of San Marino (page does not exist)">San Marino</a> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe"><img alt="São Tomé and Príncipe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/23px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/35px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/46px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe_Red_Cross" title="São Tomé and Príncipe Red Cross">São Tomé and Príncipe</a> <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia"><img alt="Saudi Arabia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Red_Crescent_Authority" title="Saudi Red Crescent Authority">Saudi Arabia</a> <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal"><img alt="Senegal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Senegalese_Red_Cross_Society" title="Senegalese Red Cross Society">Senegal</a> <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia"><img alt="Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_of_Serbia" title="Red Cross of Serbia">Serbia</a> <a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles"><img alt="Seychelles" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/23px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/35px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/46px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seychelles_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seychelles Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Seychelles</a> <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone"><img alt="Sierra Leone" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/45px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone_Red_Cross_Society" title="Sierra Leone Red Cross Society">Sierra Leone</a> <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore"><img alt="Singapore" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Singapore_Red_Cross_Society" title="Singapore Red Cross Society">Singapore</a> <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slovak_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slovak Red Cross (page does not exist)">Slovakia</a> <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Red_Cross" title="Slovenian Red Cross">Slovenia</a> <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands"><img alt="Solomon Islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Solomon_Islands_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Solomon Islands Red Cross (page does not exist)">Solomon Islands</a> <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia"><img alt="Somalia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Somali_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Somali Red Crescent Society">Somalia</a> <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa"><img alt="South Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_South_African_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The South African Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">South Africa</a> <a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan"><img alt="South Sudan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="570" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Sudan_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South Sudan Red Cross (page does not exist)">South Sudan</a> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Red_Cross" title="Spanish Red Cross">Spain</a> <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka"><img alt="Sri Lanka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Sri_Lanka_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Sri Lanka Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Sri Lanka</a> <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan"><img alt="Sudan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Sudanese_Red_Crescent" title="Sudanese Red Crescent">Sudan</a> <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname"><img alt="Suriname" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/23px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/35px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/45px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriname_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suriname Red Cross (page does not exist)">Suriname</a> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Red_Cross" title="Swedish Red Cross">Sweden</a> <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland"><img alt="Switzerland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Red_Cross" title="Swiss Red Cross">Switzerland</a> <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria"><img alt="Syria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Arab_Red_Crescent" title="Syrian Arab Red Crescent">Syria</a> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan"><img alt="Taiwan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_Society_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Red Cross Society of the Republic of China">Taiwan (Republic of China)</a> <a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan"><img alt="Tajikistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Crescent_Society_of_Tajikistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Crescent Society of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a> <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania"><img alt="Tanzania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tanzania_Red_Cross_National_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tanzania Red Cross National Society (page does not exist)">Tanzania</a> <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand"><img alt="Thailand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Thai_Red_Cross_Society" title="Thai Red Cross Society">Thailand</a> <a href="/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor"><img alt="East Timor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Timor_Leste_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timor Leste Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Timor-Leste</a> <a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo"><img alt="Togo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Togolese_Red_Cross" title="Togolese Red Cross">Togo</a> <a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga"><img alt="Tonga" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Tonga_Red_Cross_Society" title="Tonga Red Cross Society">Tonga</a> <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago"><img alt="Trinidad and Tobago" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/23px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/35px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/46px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago_Red_Cross_Society" title="Trinidad and Tobago Red Cross Society">Trinidad and Tobago</a> <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia"><img alt="Tunisia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Tunisian_Red_Crescent" title="Tunisian Red Crescent">Tunisia</a> <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Red_Crescent" title="Turkish Red Crescent">Turkey</a> <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan"><img alt="Turkmenistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Crescent_Society_of_Turkmenistan" title="Red Crescent Society of Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a> <a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu"><img alt="Tuvalu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tuvalu_Red_Cross_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tuvalu Red Cross Society (page does not exist)">Tuvalu</a> <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda"><img alt="Uganda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Uganda_Red_Cross_Society" title="Uganda Red Cross Society">Uganda</a> <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Red_Cross_Society" title="Ukrainian Red Cross Society">Ukraine</a> <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates"><img alt="United Arab Emirates" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Crescent_Society_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Red Crescent Society of the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/British_Red_Cross" title="British Red Cross">United Kingdom</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">United States</a> <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay"><img alt="Uruguay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/45px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Uruguayan_Red_Cross" title="Uruguayan Red Cross">Uruguay</a> <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan"><img alt="Uzbekistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Crescent_Society_of_Uzbekistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Crescent Society of Uzbekistan (page does not exist)">Uzbekistan</a> <a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu"><img alt="Vanuatu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/46px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="360" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Vanuatu_Red_Cross_Society" title="Vanuatu Red Cross Society">Vanuatu</a> <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela"><img alt="Venezuela" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/23px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/35px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/45px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Venezuelan_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Venezuelan Red Cross (page does not exist)">Venezuela</a> <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam"><img alt="Vietnam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Viet_Nam_Red_Cross_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Viet Nam Red Cross Society">Viet Nam</a> <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen"><img alt="Yemen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/45px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Yemen_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Yemen Red Crescent Society">Yemen</a> <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia"><img alt="Zambia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Zambia_Red_Cross_Society" title="Zambia Red Cross Society">Zambia</a> <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe"><img alt="Zimbabwe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/46px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe_Red_Cross_Society" title="Zimbabwe Red Cross Society">Zimbabwe</a> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Non-members_and_affiliate_societies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Non-members and affiliate societies</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:33%;"><div> <a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia"><img alt="Abkhazia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of the Republic of Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a> (no-member) <a href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus"><img alt="Northern Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/North_Cyprus_Red_Crescent_Society" title="North Cyprus Red Crescent Society">Cyprus, North</a> (non-member) <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong"><img alt="Hong Kong" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/45px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Red_Cross" title="Hong Kong Red Cross">Hong Kong</a> (autonomous branch of the <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_Society_of_China" title="Red Cross Society of China">RCSC</a>) <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo"><img alt="Kosovo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/21px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/32px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/42px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_of_Kosovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross of Kosovo (page does not exist)">Kosovo</a> (non-member) </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:33%;"><div> <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau"><img alt="Macau" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/35px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/45px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Macau_Red_Cross" title="Macau Red Cross">Macau</a> (autonomous branch of the <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_Society_of_China" title="Red Cross Society of China">RCSC</a>) <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman"><img alt="Oman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/46px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oman_Red_Crescent_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oman Red Crescent Society (page does not exist)">Oman</a> (non-member) <a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia"><img alt="South Ossetia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_the_Republic_of_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of the Republic of South Ossetia (page does not exist)">Ossetia, South</a> (non-member) <a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic"><img alt="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_Red_Crescent" title="Sahrawi Red Crescent">SADR</a> (pending recognition and admission) </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:33%;"><div> <a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland"><img alt="Somaliland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Somaliland_Red_Crescent_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Somaliland Red Crescent Society (page does not exist)">Somaliland</a> (non-member) <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan"><img alt="Taiwan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_Society_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Red Cross Society of the Republic of China">Taiwan</a> (former member) <a href="/wiki/Transnistria" title="Transnistria"><img alt="Transnistria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_the_Pridnestrovian_Moldavian_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (page does not exist)">Transnistria</a> (non-member) <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City"><img alt="Vatican City" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_Society_of_the_Vatican_City_State&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Cross Society of the Vatican City State (page does not exist)">Vatican City</a> (autonomous branch of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Red_Cross" title="Italian Red Cross">Italian Red Cross</a>) </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q470110#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q470110#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q470110#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79096723">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2003174376&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2003174375&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2003174377&CON_LNG=ENG">3</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=238715">Greece</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007590174205171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" 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