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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Talmud" title="Talmud">Talmud</a> uses many types of <a href="/wiki/Logical_argument" class="mw-redirect" title="Logical argument">logical arguments</a>. Some of the most common arguments and terms are discussed here. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chazakah_(presumption)"><span id="Chazakah_.28presumption.29"></span><i>Chazakah</i> (presumption)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Talmudic_principles&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Chazakah (presumption)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Chazakah" title="Chazakah">Chazakah</a></div> <p>The term <i>chazakah</i> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">חזקה</span> — literally, "strong") usually refers to the default assumption; i.e., what is assumed until there is evidence to the contrary. For example, if one is known to have owned <a href="/wiki/Real_estate" title="Real estate">real estate</a>, it is assumed that he still owns it until proven otherwise. However, with movable items, the <i>chazakah</i> lies with whoever currently has the item in his possession, not with the one who had previously owned it. </p><p>This principle also applies in ritual law. For example: Food known to be kosher maintains its status until there is evidence to the contrary. Also, one who engages in acts done only by <i><a href="/wiki/Kohanim" class="mw-redirect" title="Kohanim">kohanim</a></i> is assumed to be a <i>kohen</i> himself, until proven otherwise (see <a href="/wiki/Presumption_of_priestly_descent" title="Presumption of priestly descent">Presumption of priestly descent</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="De'oraita_and_derabanan"><span id="De.27oraita_and_derabanan"></span><i>De'oraita</i> and <i>derabanan</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Talmudic_principles&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: De'oraita and derabanan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A law is <i>de'oraita</i> (Aramaic: דאורייתא, "of the Torah," i.e. scriptural) if it was given with the written <a href="/wiki/Torah" title="Torah">Torah</a>. A law is <i>derabbanan</i> (Aramaic: דרבנן, "of our rabbis," Rabbinic) if it is ordained by the rabbinical sages.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The concepts of <i>de'oraita</i> and <i>derabbanan</i> are used extensively in <a href="/wiki/Jewish" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish">Jewish</a> law. </p><p>Sometimes it is unclear whether an act is <i>de'oraita</i> or <i>derabbanan</i>. For example: the Talmud says the prohibition of reciting an unnecessary <a href="/wiki/Berakhah" title="Berakhah">berakhah</a> (blessing formulated with God's name) violates the verse <i><a href="/wiki/Thou_shalt_not_take_the_name_of_the_Lord_thy_God_in_vain" title="Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain">Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Maimonides" title="Maimonides">Maimonides</a> sees the Talmud as proving a <i>de'oraita</i> prohibition,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while <a href="/wiki/Tosafot" title="Tosafot">Tosafot</a> considers the law to be only <i>derabbanan</i>, and sees the Talmud's scriptural reference as only an <a href="/wiki/Asmachta_(Talmudical_hermeneutics)" title="Asmachta (Talmudical hermeneutics)">asmachta</a> (support).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An article by R' <a href="/wiki/Osher_Weiss" title="Osher Weiss">Osher Weiss</a> makes further distinctions between various types of <i>de'oraita</i> or <i>derabbanan</i> commandments, describing a hierarchy of no less than 18 levels of significance for <i><a href="/wiki/Mitzvot" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitzvot">mitzvot</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Examples">Examples</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Talmudic_principles&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Examples of the application of these two terms abound. Examples include: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Birkat_Hamazon" title="Birkat Hamazon">Birkat Hamazon</a></i> contains four blessings. While the first three are considered <i>de'oraita</i>, the fourth blessing was added much later on in Jewish history and is <i>derabbanan</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Regarding the verse "Thou shall not boil a kid in its mother's milk": From this, many laws of <i>kashrut</i> are derived by the rabbis. One might think this would make it <i>derabbanan</i> because it was derived by the rabbis, but the laws are actually <i>de-'oraita</i> because they are derived by interpreting the Torah.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the extension of this prohibition to eating chicken with milk is <i>derabbanan</i>, as it is the product of a specific rabbinic enactment.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_observance">Modern observance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Talmudic_principles&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Modern observance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The application of differences between rabbinic and biblical <i>mitzvot</i> can sometimes make practical differences. </p> <dl><dt><i>Sofek</i> (doubt)</dt> <dd>In a case where it is uncertain whether a commandment applies: If the commandment is <i>de'oraita</i> one must follow the stricter of the two possibilities; if the commandment is <i>derabbanan</i> one may take the lenient position.</dd> <dt><i>Bediavad</i> (extenuating circumstances)</dt> <dd>In cases of extenuating circumstances regarding a <i>derabbanan</i>, <a href="/wiki/Poskim" class="mw-redirect" title="Poskim">decisors of Jewish law</a> sometimes apply the law leniently.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kal_vachomer_(a_fortiori)"><span id="Kal_vachomer_.28a_fortiori.29"></span><i>Kal vachomer</i> (<i>a fortiori</i>)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Talmudic_principles&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Kal vachomer (a fortiori)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Talmudical_hermeneutics" title="Talmudical hermeneutics">Talmudical hermeneutics</a></div> <p>A <i>kal vachomer</i> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">קל וחומר</span>, literally "lenient and strict") derives one law from another through the following logic: If a case that is generally strict has a particular leniency, a case that is generally lenient will certainly have that leniency. The argument can also work in reverse, and also in areas where <i>lenient</i> or <i>strict</i> might not be precisely applicable. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Migo"><i>Migo</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Talmudic_principles&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Migo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <i>migo</i> (Aramaic: מיגו, literally "out of" or "since") is an argument for a defendant that he ought to be believed regarding a certain claim, because he could have made a different claim which would definitely have been believed.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For example, if one party claims (without evidence) that another borrowed money, the latter person could claim that he never borrowed anything, so he is believed if he states that he borrowed and repaid it.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Talmudic_principles&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitzvah#Rabbinical_mitzvot" title="Mitzvah">Mitzvah § Rabbinical mitzvot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takkanah" title="Takkanah">Takkanah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talmudical_hermeneutics" title="Talmudical hermeneutics">Talmudical hermeneutics</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Talmudic_principles&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Promising Justice: Derrida with Jewish Jurisprudence</i> A Hirvonen - Law and Critique, 2001 - Springer "Thus, those commandments (mitzvot) that come directly from the Torah (de'oraita) and are biblical, are a superior authority to those rabbinic ones which do not come from it (de'rabbanan). The de'oraita ... "</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Hebrew source text: "כל המברך ברכה שאינה צריכה עובר משום לא תשא" (<a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%92_%D7%90" class="extiw" title="he:s:ברכות לג א">Berachot 33a</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Mishneh_Torah" title="Mishneh Torah">Mishneh Torah</a>, <a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%91%22%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%90_%D7%98%D7%95" class="extiw" title="he:s:רמב"ם הלכות ברכות א טו">Berachot 1, 15</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Aramaic source text: "ומשום דמברך ברכה שאינה צריכה וקעבר משום בל תשא ליכא דההיא דרשה דרבנן" (Tosafot on <a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%9C%D7%92_%D7%90" class="extiw" title="he:s:ראש השנה לג א">Rosh Hashanah 33a</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.torahbase.org/mitzvot-deoraita-derabanan-5775/?fref=gc">י"ח דרגות בין דאורייתא לדרבנן</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Babylonian_Talmud" class="mw-redirect" title="Babylonian Talmud">Babylonian Talmud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berakhot_(Talmud)" class="mw-redirect" title="Berakhot (Talmud)">Brachot</a> 45b</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Chullin" class="mw-redirect" title="Chullin">Chullin</a> 104a, 113a</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Mishneh_Torah" title="Mishneh Torah">Mishneh Torah</a> Hilchot Mamrim 2:9; <a href="/wiki/Shulchan_Aruch" title="Shulchan Aruch">Shulchan Aruch</a> Yoreh Deah 87:3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141027152448/http://www.yoatzot.org/article.php?id=88">"Torah & Rabbinic Law (D'Oraita & d'Rabbanan) - Nishmat - Women's Health and Halacha"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yoatzot.org/article.php?id=88">the original</a> on 2014-10-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-08-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Torah+%26+Rabbinic+Law+%28D%27Oraita+%26+d%27Rabbanan%29+-+Nishmat+-+Women%27s+Health+and+Halacha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yoatzot.org%2Farticle.php%3Fid%3D88&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Talmudic+principles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ohr.edu/this_week/its_not_quite_that_simple/5986">If You Borrow from Us, Do We Not Get it Back?</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etzion.org.il/en/talmud/seder-nashim/massekhet-kiddushin/migo">Migo</a></span> </li> 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href="/wiki/Jewish_ethics" title="Jewish ethics">Ethics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chillul_hashem" title="Chillul hashem"><i>Chillul hashem</i> (Desecration of God's name)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneivat_da%27at" title="Geneivat da'at"><i>Geneivat da'at</i> (Theft of the mind)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gezel_sheina" title="Gezel sheina"><i>Gezel sheina</i> (Theft of sleep)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiddush_Hashem" title="Kiddush Hashem"><i>Kiddush hashem</i> (Sanctification of God's name)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lashon_hara" title="Lashon hara"><i>Lashon hara</i> (Derogatory information)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lifnei_iver" title="Lifnei iver"><i>Lifnei iver</i> (Stumbling block in front of the blind)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Laws_of_Noah" title="Seven Laws of Noah">Noahide laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thou_shalt_not_kill" title="Thou shalt not kill">You shall not murder</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yetzer_hara" title="Yetzer hara">Yetzer hara</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tumah_and_taharah" title="Tumah and taharah">Ritual purity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corpse_uncleanness" title="Corpse uncleanness">Corpse uncleanness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handwashing_in_Judaism" title="Handwashing in Judaism">Handwashing</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mikveh" title="Mikveh">Mikveh</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Niddah" title="Niddah">Niddah</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritual_washing_in_Judaism" title="Ritual washing in Judaism">Ritual washing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tzniut" title="Tzniut">Modesty</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Negiah" title="Negiah">Negiah</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yichud" title="Yichud">Yichud</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mechitza" title="Mechitza">Mechitza</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judaism_and_sexuality" title="Judaism and sexuality">Sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forbidden_relationships_in_Judaism" title="Forbidden relationships in Judaism">Forbidden relationships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_separation_in_Judaism" title="Gender separation in Judaism">Gender separation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_and_Judaism" class="mw-redirect" title="Homosexuality and Judaism">Homosexuality</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agrarian laws</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shmita" title="Shmita">Sabbatical year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tithes_in_Judaism" title="Tithes in Judaism">Tithes</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Terumah_(offering)" title="Terumah (offering)">Terumah</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_tithe" title="First tithe">First tithe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_tithe" title="Second tithe">Second tithe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poor_tithe" class="mw-redirect" title="Poor tithe">Poor tithe</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Terumat_hamaaser" title="Terumat hamaaser">Terumat hamaaser</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Demai" title="Demai">Demai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orlah" title="Orlah">Orlah</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bikkurim_(first-fruits)" title="Bikkurim (first-fruits)"><i>Bikkurim</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicaricon_(Jewish_law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sicaricon (Jewish law)"><i>Sicaricon</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dough_offering" title="Dough offering"><i>Hallah</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kil%27ayim_(prohibition)" title="Kil'ayim (prohibition)"><i>Kil'ayim</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Halakhic principles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aveira" class="mw-redirect" title="Aveira">Aveira</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bemeizid" title="Bemeizid"><i>Bemeizid</i>, <i>beshogeg</i>, and <i>beones</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/B%27rov_am_hadrat_melech" title="B'rov am hadrat melech">B'rov am hadrat melech</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chumra_(Judaism)" title="Chumra (Judaism)">Chumra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dina_d%27malkhuta_dina" title="Dina d'malkhuta dina">Dina d'malkhuta dina</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%27Oraita_and_D%27Rabbanan" class="mw-redirect" title="D'Oraita and D'Rabbanan"><i>De'oraita</i> and <i>derabanan</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitzvah_goreret_mitzvah" title="Mitzvah goreret mitzvah">One commandment leads to another</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ikar_v%27tafel" title="Ikar v'tafel">Ikar v'tafel</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marit_ayin" title="Marit ayin">Marit ayin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neder" title="Neder">Neder</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Osek_b%27mitzvah_patur_min_hamitzvah" title="Osek b'mitzvah patur min hamitzvah">Osek b'mitzvah patur min hamitzvah</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pikuach_nefesh" title="Pikuach nefesh">Pikuach nefesh</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Positive_commandment" class="mw-redirect" title="Positive commandment">Positive commandment</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sfeka_d%27yoma" title="Sfeka d'yoma">Sfeka d'yoma</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-sacrifice_in_Jewish_law" title="Self-sacrifice in Jewish law">Self-sacrifice</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shinuy" title="Shinuy">Shinuy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shomea_k%27oneh" title="Shomea k'oneh">Shomea k'oneh</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testimony_in_Jewish_law" title="Testimony in Jewish law">Testimony</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Toch_k%27dei_dibur" title="Toch k'dei dibur">Toch k'dei dibur</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yad_soledet_bo" title="Yad soledet bo">Yad soledet bo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zmanim" title="Zmanim">Zmanim</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relative_hour_(Jewish_law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative hour (Jewish law)">Relative hour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Punishment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_and_corporal_punishment_in_Judaism" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital and corporal punishment in Judaism">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kareth" title="Kareth">Kareth</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related boxes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:High_Holidays" title="Template:High Holidays">High Holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Passover_footer" title="Template:Passover footer">Passover</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Template:Shabbat" title="Template:Shabbat">Shabbat</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Template:Sukkot" title="Template:Sukkot">Sukkot</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Template:Kashrut" title="Template:Kashrut">Kashrut</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a 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