CINXE.COM
Just a moment...
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91354c0cc9ea406a',cH: 'Kc6VrEd3RHk4hsGNRX.t3zs6uS1vQpRgl19MIfxuMqo-1739790271-1.2.1.1-pUGOHdGGqdxpOEtGf1d3iq2j8ENygfdTqbltF8jpHeG6cISkSsCTjMssBlVMgIYb',cUPMDTk: "\/10005908\/chicago?__cf_chl_tk=vL_VrvHR8X7_RBNs6fIkYZI2Ex5ho23lKIm8kMKafwI-1739790271-1.0.1.1-y8kOI0uRnnwlMs8Yz8lXAVopNxjzSAPVtXlm_L9DKlk",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1739790271',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/10005908\/chicago?__cf_chl_f_tk=vL_VrvHR8X7_RBNs6fIkYZI2Ex5ho23lKIm8kMKafwI-1739790271-1.0.1.1-y8kOI0uRnnwlMs8Yz8lXAVopNxjzSAPVtXlm_L9DKlk",md: "lOpePgqKLpfs5s0n2Xe8ThcbZi4gwKnh05YpgqnxX2I-1739790271-1.2.1.1-d93ldLkOY5.59Dk.p5_vrpOerYlNuj7MDtCHPkxrCkahVI7xI7OEhRLR3NwYPJSSVzgW.JuJvz5pnMEK5Z.WwzOo4C3YOyx9mKS7HBAzgqS3EnhCu2eavOS6uYjJ27ANUgl3o6PB3pK4N8OlHLGRm6GbJBf3kT4xryfRnYyVCJ0mKGNHryWftWc7SSUQloLPjcSGKciMBTMddIv8WFlC65Uzgx9ta14QmCnO57GUahzJuVazaK33FI9RoJWVIVL8YXiD_UTaHt_j5uFI7m7cWRLNZwIKJ8PJKDUQxwLZp5r6hPG0kWX8JRonrO3IhCgJqyrZbcjV2iKDtKbaGLUN8LADypSOENGY.YteiiYuH3Si3w3LJiiXpkPgMfoJmbkSkLJjTO5K4LT0_TkCSPZgzLHeznY0doTvDRGWI.8XBdd0DvsXUuX2UY6GKh4MXlXy2rB.viwWkpJG6hyWsZkUmjNwrHMsaw.DQX0tZ1uEWWZEpwb0i2KiRxNNkYjdu770rhHnf9Lj5XFjqQaksh9TNYIJ7JAePmU4600xtcpA3KejXztEmNVFhXeP8S.7o8h0ON4iq_TsyAJ0YGK1PsKHPFlefB09M7SO08BieHS5O8IlKrLtuJRlujx9XiH_P9ktMqWaNa7pZJNkMH6PXeizk7kaR1StCJheYhvx8PxcY7PXtupeA6V1xsGCqVQ6Bv6rlLzcmOF3Rs8ut5Jcx9_wC1SQeX6QxaashlNnopKr6eIS_LEo4t6T.8Jfdlcp2Wk1YR8aksufAI1BcGHrJRnq8izvQbT637ScSE2p2GHfl1yigsHc5xiboPr3uF1HQv3X_8ZID1mChCPaeQS5gzzN6znM1YQWxJuuvqBA5lqO4hFah.0iY6dP8d1BUsRix4hd8xftG8X.w2mp66MQLXyt7psUufjSi6fj_OfLcR4FqfiLmHuNwEud3nYlA6Q96ZluS_tIfN7fVED.K4T4YlRYOZizHDRaGODNaPYJYH_mxkCpcx9Xhjwygg2iq2T4iWlFL.rAbVeTpXHw8RZ9joG7xMpEhHSek7avTNEphSk_aC572HCgXKmPzJREVPPPFoo_o38HRycI114WMJWo.5JO4oDGSiY4j.ExLee59yMD.7EO.GwLIixxPlC._K0F0UC2IPJLipwaGhAM8h83aWiJz3XqNHYbFVF9rwvCrWcWSWmdzpiaSo7gGeuhYPukdLvw0PmwS8vvD2MKM3H4UOesk_CRZQnrnMSV006COX7YM4TBzErvRBVrAcY9nFf5.QZHrHjV.T.Bjsxc5LeVw5LqEAvP6dazUsaD6RExITQmRPAqkGQFultRy9VaBEFf_jaSI3gnwZogsEws8y6FqJPkes5BbPGk.xbJwIQHhXl_muUD3KEyGXgCCwlwrBVq0BiD7i.PoiO.w66GMaMDVOFedF_iGAb6sqD8Ckq94J7VjAwXeaxQMtWWUiR8Ja.TN9X0T8QlzcBtQxasA0GrJM6B4f1u3a37Lz81Syqt7RxBLc6xNX7Pl75xGW8bIr0rY80jcoh2tR9izlRgIvlmtroBOCf8_avOxVKbRYahBsVScQ5bXJRhyFpHHqCG_jHEgLelveXGpk9UTp.DLbPOdenup7INQFSlO4rRIBZ8w6MAXDqYZsDLDL6x1VCANplGGcLC7ghgCZkbZCyZaCKoOtsxBpzQCQMq_KT.SLqTdCYxx55yaBR5Xd5cjtfV9E8QKsV6YU.lg5nFCAxw6jSYQypTSyVC6dovizT4x5E9K4G3Nb3lUZVnTJQnjTtDK5XcLzvS_fJLfHm4qJSqgcSVVazAGBzns4ZWzcCwWVbTJt9GiVtJjNNNLK_jv9ys5HpI.eFa3gEWkvxWm6I9R9CWr9vDVttTu.i.KODXAveovxQ0MVQ",mdrd: "7LY5t8lojPPMIGt77sTJLAKmTGXHCkM9a5kNw21eafA-1739790271-1.2.1.1-YKilV8pK5rfi1t4Hfyh6Pp5leSb52vDi_rWnN59dgVEjVWJR_6__glN9zSm.zYUvK1U_zK6FNXNsb1cu7vBL89PuiTRBkP2wv9pZxeR9UYrUr5PGJR7TGGXGN3yLrxDrke3aGUGdUtduEn_y_tiXS.mBVV_IPl07HuYW2USU89GypM9umVCPeayOuBiSx2dKKjA7zaXGcmNRm7XaaOGeCWyTfij9X5NqvV2zoNPpBjzHlCk2h4hF0tKV5NPhzlHC8QshPa11QrRhU8nGpY03v4cat0jkLkmQwLEIrLYU6lqPL5ZQeSQ5mFTZ.ecgfbLudTgKzHHWd3G0KYV6Cyq6nW1bNA8O1CtkH1GYKdCkyYJraPEWcxtd0aYDNqdjz0nkza28VTSeO.M2JBDxmZpb1knUJViAzxPDK0wy98S5YncgmPQfP00ABs4y2U.4tXdxe72BgVZZcxIR1nbl4ePBWejNf4yOGpxNioqRcHLuF_8.fEyYVmEBcwYkICUF.9I9GPc7laJYnSwBrhCMTCzlbILfddPk.c1VInpLlxnLIg3JCYAGLIzY21yqa2IuhZ.9guEXaFnLJvCoSI_ZOlLVkLNf5XN1B0DjNR44cjp1Mls7DYNW8XKyYyUDb3GqxZRdlAzbAhppMW7PR6wckTNv7mq3l1stlu0oNYHsgVizPRBrmqAMdlUw_bdK6dSWr.diRhNKiIBVcv4Ihk7j42ijPEcnKjoFCBUUmXHUoFH8SmYLwpOtV.CzkpWJrFIugbmAM8Wg7X.mIiw9RoL_d4Em6IWG39w0YfmghEDzkv3CfC4.qJIe3oEqTw05iTi4dsw29aNmzJ97hsx0cZWfPqCxv0yveeoUSjkusWktWKoE9nwGj1zZHbbNmqmVt2L7S7YV8VG9gfQiEDyUTtoPK1wFXMrNpJ4HWm4qtO_t7e0KqQ3VASAA4T_ZXh6n5Zt_H6ZAR_Kdo114VqGoDhhnTY52e_9CKu0ZhuVU6irK67T0g5bBabf0L6NoJUBx_MQqb6aMuI0JEXHmD8hXntpQ84SR8zwr2T3lVKqzvNhxJqZqsx5W1RR7YOZ8exl5SoakrrqZ1.8cKk8pzSuOXR8lhZ6a4XxEKgIhdOvU1lc2U21UfuQUfVRYWFxshjCspc3ZFmOACE7Sg9b..mPHXTuXn4mlM7b4Z1NDC2N_m74qkYr9_ZGPysvoSIDutct2d8FjQcySp9SlOxK4ig_ireGaryG22iVqT0NLN8e_OcN5oZ8.xY5J6ABCBa25p5gXo8pR8x6SFr6JJFauVxNXjybkNry.UJ4RScck6YCsGPd81cKDQ4z6DrdM46dH0u2I7OI3EyfO3Kwq8KjHaAgbKfqxBft3IbTEKkyMK91jXiD6NJGMrPU.pLegX9UGJajAGzYVmVFQAJ2j7tOaMbMVAexC3NMCPcvy3JtZp726rj6R2I7LACErXHpsjZuzsuXnJrDGlRhwnazl_nMaHvuIL_2I9Ry3L_U_QNoiPfgET0IjOIa38FtDPqD1IkNRG.IKz94zkKaLrsbAu6nkL00voJrkPlWs2zBpZwyzQza5cryaG4.ZHna6qaLIgrb6Q_s91crGDEB5FBFIPiIiQa5KBlVcqYpdGDLDsXaK35aaX4.5AY37T7JlciR7Jf3UVbpqGFvQY_3C5q4jio1HbUBSwbnkLsH.Cltb_.Zo8c3Dk2F6oSWscFPwx6Eg5GC_tfFZW5G9M_XoUE3m21I9mje21Gux2KR3gZLiE_bVrfGYXTCmv.TfRLb42ISlnQVEZliQf2ZscE_TZvXrUFg4RV3NYtvtC5SjXugTUY..SPF2nbcs1JzAzvJh6sX.n1G4v3H28QpqVXvbMLR4t92LSleW_lZzFyJZfWabAJwcrMNvTrJtyZAwDLzTqJGEXCUkIWsctSrfMzGkH7yLm0zUEg2hOSOTkOUrWCKtobaJ81EsC93XaSbuYGs"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91354c0cc9ea406a';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/10005908\/chicago?__cf_chl_rt_tk=vL_VrvHR8X7_RBNs6fIkYZI2Ex5ho23lKIm8kMKafwI-1739790271-1.0.1.1-y8kOI0uRnnwlMs8Yz8lXAVopNxjzSAPVtXlm_L9DKlk" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>