CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">     <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="ka" xml:lang="ka" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="http://ogp.me/ns/fb#"> <head> <title>CAVIAR Physics Microcomputer - CERN Document Server</title> <link href='https://framework.web.cern.ch/framework/2.0/fonts/PTSansWeb/PTSansWeb.css' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/invenio.css?v=20141127" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_theme/css/cern_theme.css?v=20141127" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet"href="/css/font-awesome.min.css"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_toolbar/css/toolbar.css" type="text/css" />    <link rel="canonical" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="el" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900?ln=el" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="fr" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900?ln=fr" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="bg" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900?ln=bg" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-TW" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900?ln=zh_TW" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pt" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900?ln=pt" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="no" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900?ln=no" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="hr" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900?ln=hr" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ca" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900?ln=ca" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="de" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900?ln=de" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="it" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900?ln=it" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-CN" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900?ln=zh_CN" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sv" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900?ln=sv" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sk" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900?ln=sk" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900?ln=en" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pl" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900?ln=pl" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ru" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900?ln=ru" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ka" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900?ln=ka" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ja" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900?ln=ja" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="es" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900?ln=es" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="CERN Document Server RSS" href="/rss?ln=ka" /> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="https://cds.cern.ch/opensearchdescription" title="CERN Document Server" /> <link rel="unapi-server" type="application/xml" title="unAPI" href="https://cds.cern.ch/unapi" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/apple-touch-icon.png"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="/apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="ka" /> <meta name="description" content="CAVIAR (CAMAC Video Autonomous Read-out), developed about 1980 at CERN in Geneva, was a multi-purpose microcomputer for the interactive development, in-line control and monitoring of experiments in high-energy physics. The CAVIAR machine was used in conjunction with a CAMAC system, consisting of a set of I/O modules assembled in a 19" crate. Some of the CAMAC-modules (for instance, analog-to-digital converters) would directly be connected to measuring devices, while another module would give access to a host (mainframe) computer through a high-speed link. The CAVIAR uses a Motorola 6800 microprocessor with 32 kB of solid-state RAM. In 29 kB EPROM the BAMBI (BASIC-like) interpreter is stored. Using the BAMBI graphics commands, graphs and histograms can be shown on the built-in miniature monitor screen. An alphanumeric terminal is connected to CAVIAR for programming and entering commands. The Super-CAVIAR (shown in the picture) is an enhanced version of CAVIAR with 64 kB RAM, 84 kB EPROM and other improvements. " /> <meta name="keywords" content="DE" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/jquery.min.js"></script>  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/webnews.css" type="text/css" />  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/webnews.js?v=20131009"></script> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="137353533001720"/> <script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> MathJax.Hub.Config({ tex2jax: {inlineMath: [['$','$']], processEscapes: true}, showProcessingMessages: false, messageStyle: "none" }); </script> <script src="/MathJax/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS_CHTML" type="text/javascript"> </script>  <meta content="CAVIAR Physics Microcomputer" name="citation_title" /> <meta content="1980" name="citation_publication_date" /> <meta name="citation_online_date" content="2023/12/13"> <meta content="CERN-OBJ-DE-114" name="citation_technical_report_number" />  <meta content="Micro-ordinateur de Physique CAVIAR" property="og:title" /> <meta content="CAVIAR Physics Microcomputer" property="og:title" /> <meta content="website" property="og:type" /> <meta content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900" property="og:url" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900/files/CAVIAR.gif?subformat=icon-180" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900/files/CAVIAR.gif?subformat=icon-180" /> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900/files/CAVIAR.gif?subformat=icon-180" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900/files/CAVIAR.gif" /> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900/files/CAVIAR.gif" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900/files/CAVIAR.gif?subformat=icon" /> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900/files/CAVIAR.gif?subformat=icon" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900/files/CAVIAR.gif?subformat=icon-180" /> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900/files/CAVIAR.gif?subformat=icon-180" /> <meta content="CERN Document Server" property="og:site_name" /> <meta content="CAVIAR (CAMAC Video Autonomous Read-out), developed about 1980 at CERN in Geneva, was a multi-purpose microcomputer for the interactive development, in-line control and monitoring of experiments in high-energy physics. The CAVIAR machine was used in conjunction with a CAMAC system, consisting of a set of I/O modules assembled in a 19&quot; crate. Some of the CAMAC-modules (for instance, analog-to-digital converters) would directly be connected to measuring devices, while another module would give access to a host (mainframe) computer through a high-speed link. The CAVIAR uses a Motorola 6800 microprocessor with 32 kB of solid-state RAM. In 29 kB EPROM the BAMBI (BASIC-like) interpreter is stored. Using the BAMBI graphics commands, graphs and histograms can be shown on the built-in miniature monitor screen. An alphanumeric terminal is connected to CAVIAR for programming and entering commands. The Super-CAVIAR (shown in the picture) is an enhanced version of CAVIAR with 64 kB RAM, 84 kB EPROM and other improvements. " property="og:description" /> <meta content="CAVIAR (CAMAC Video Autonomous Read-out), développé vers 1980 au CERN à Genève, était un micro-ordinateur polyvalent conçu pour le développement interactif, le contrôle en ligne et la surveillance d'expériences en physique des hautes énergies. La machine CAVIAR était utilisée en conjonction avec un système CAMAC, constitué d'un ensemble de modules d'E/S assemblés dans une caisse de 19 pouces. Certains des modules CAMAC, tels que les convertisseurs analogique-numérique, étaient directement connectés aux appareils de mesure, tandis qu'un autre module permettait d'accéder à un ordinateur hôte (central) par le biais d'une liaison à grande vitesse. Le CAVIAR utilisait un microprocesseur Motorola 6800 avec 32 kB de RAM à l'état solide. L'interpréteur BAMBI, de type BASIC, était stocké dans une EPROM de 29 kB. En utilisant les commandes graphiques BAMBI, des graphiques et des histogrammes pouvaient être affichés sur l'écran miniature intégré. Un terminal alphanumérique était connecté au CAVIAR pour la programmation et l'entrée des commandes. Le Super-CAVIAR, illustré sur la photo, est une version améliorée du CAVIAR avec 64 kB de RAM, 84 kB d'EPROM et d'autres améliorations." property="og:description" />  <meta content="summary" name="twitter:card" /> <style></style> </head> <body class="CERN32Document32Server search" lang="ka">  <div id="cern-toolbar"> <h1><a href="http://cern.ch" title="CERN">CERN <span>Accelerating science</span></a></h1> <ul> <li class="cern-accountlinks"><a class="cern-account" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/login?ln=ka&referer=https%3A//cds.cern.ch/record/2883900%3Fln%3Dka" title="Sign in to your CERN account">Sign in</a></li> <li><a class="cern-directory" href="http://cern.ch/directory" title="Search CERN resources and browse the directory">Directory</a></li> </ul> </div>   <div role="banner" class="clearfix" id="header"> <div class="header-inner inner"> <hgroup class="clearfix"> <h2 id="site-name"> <a rel="home" title="Home" href="/"><span>CERN Document Server</span></a> </h2> <h3 id="site-slogan">Access articles, reports and multimedia content in HEP</h3> </hgroup> <div role="navigation" id="main-navigation" class="cdsmenu"> <h2 class="element-invisible">Main menu</h2><ul class="links inline clearfix"> <li class="menu-386 first active-trail"><a class="active-trail" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=ka">ძებნა</a></li> <li class="menu-444 "><a class="" title="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=ka">დაყენება</a></li> <li class="menu-426 "><a class="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=ka">დახმარება</a></li> <li class="leaf hassubcdsmenu"> <a hreflang="en" class="header" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=ka">პერს</a> <ul class="subsubcdsmenu"><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/list?ln=ka">თქვენი ცვლილებები</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourbaskets/display?ln=ka">თქვენი კალათები</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourcomments?ln=ka">Your comments</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/display?ln=ka">თქვენი ძებნა</a></li></ul></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>  <table class="navtrailbox"> <tr> <td class="navtrailboxbody"> <a href="/?ln=ka" class="navtrail">მთავარი</a> > CAVIAR Physics Microcomputer </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div class="pagebody"><div class="pagebodystripemiddle"> <div class="detailedrecordbox"> <div class="detailedrecordtabs"> <div> <ul class="detailedrecordtabs"><li class="on first"><a href="/record/2883900/?ln=ka">ინფორმაცია </a></li><li class=""><a href="/record/2883900/files?ln=ka">Files </a></li></ul> <div id="tabsSpacer" style="clear:both;height:0px"> </div></div> </div> <div class="detailedrecordboxcontent"> <div class="top-left-folded"></div> <div class="top-right-folded"></div> <div class="inside">  <abbr class="unapi-id" title="2883900"></abbr>  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/highslide/highslide.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/static/unveil/jquery.unveil.js"></script>  <script type="text/javascript"> // remove the registerOverlay call to disable the controlbar hs.registerOverlay( { thumbnailId: null, overlayId: 'controlbar', position: 'top right', hideOnMouseOut: true } ); hs.graphicsDir = 'https://cds.cern.ch/highslide/graphics/'; hs.outlineType = 'rounded-white'; hs.zIndexCounter = 10001; // Tell Highslide to use the thumbnail's title for captions hs.creditsText = '© CERN'; hs.creditsHref = 'http://cern.ch/cern-copyright'; hs.creditsTitle = 'The use of photos requires prior authorization from CERN'; $(document).ready(function() { $(".lazy").unveil(); }); </script>  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/highslide/highslide.css" type="text/css" /> <style type="text/css">  </style> <table class="formatRecordTableFullWidth"> <tr> <td class="formatRecordHeader" colspan="2"> <a style="color:#fff;text-decoration:none;" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?c=Exhibition+Objects">Exhibition Objects</a> </td> </tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Report number </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">CERN-OBJ-DE-114</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Category </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">Detectors and experimental techniques</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel" width="120px"> Title </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><b>CAVIAR Physics Microcomputer</b></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Description </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">CAVIAR (CAMAC Video Autonomous Read-out), developed about 1980 at CERN in Geneva, was a multi-purpose microcomputer for the interactive development, in-line control and monitoring of experiments in high-energy physics. The CAVIAR machine was used in conjunction with a CAMAC system, consisting of a set of I/O modules assembled in a 19" crate. Some of the CAMAC-modules (for instance, analog-to-digital converters) would directly be connected to measuring devices, while another module would give access to a host (mainframe) computer through a high-speed link. The CAVIAR uses a Motorola 6800 microprocessor with 32 kB of solid-state RAM. In 29 kB EPROM the BAMBI (BASIC-like) interpreter is stored. Using the BAMBI graphics commands, graphs and histograms can be shown on the built-in miniature monitor screen. An alphanumeric terminal is connected to CAVIAR for programming and entering commands. The Super-CAVIAR (shown in the picture) is an enhanced version of CAVIAR with 64 kB RAM, 84 kB EPROM and other improvements. </td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Description (French) </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">CAVIAR (CAMAC Video Autonomous Read-out), développé vers 1980 au CERN à Genève, était un micro-ordinateur polyvalent conçu pour le développement interactif, le contrôle en ligne et la surveillance d'expériences en physique des hautes énergies. La machine CAVIAR était utilisée en conjonction avec un système CAMAC, constitué d'un ensemble de modules d'E/S assemblés dans une caisse de 19 pouces. Certains des modules CAMAC, tels que les convertisseurs analogique-numérique, étaient directement connectés aux appareils de mesure, tandis qu'un autre module permettait d'accéder à un ordinateur hôte (central) par le biais d'une liaison à grande vitesse. Le CAVIAR utilisait un microprocesseur Motorola 6800 avec 32 kB de RAM à l'état solide. L'interpréteur BAMBI, de type BASIC, était stocké dans une EPROM de 29 kB. En utilisant les commandes graphiques BAMBI, des graphiques et des histogrammes pouvaient être affichés sur l'écran miniature intégré. Un terminal alphanumérique était connecté au CAVIAR pour la programmation et l'entrée des commandes. Le Super-CAVIAR, illustré sur la photo, est une version améliorée du CAVIAR avec 64 kB de RAM, 84 kB d'EPROM et d'autres améliorations.</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Year </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">1980</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Keywords </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=keyword&p=DE&ln=ka">DE</a></td></tr> <tr> <td class="formatRecordLabel"> Physical characteristics </td> <td style="padding-left:5px;"> Weight: Approx. 10 kg<br /> </td> </tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Location </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">Building 282 </td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Availability </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">Available</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Access </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">Public</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> File(s) </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><div style="clear:both"><center><small><strong>© CERN</strong></small></center><center><small><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/high-res-multimedia?ln=ka">Accessing copyrighted material</a></small></center><br /><div style="text-align:center">Total images: 1</div> <div style="text-align:center;margin:10px"> <div style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;"> <a id="thumb1" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900/files/CAVIAR.gif?subformat=icon-180" class="highslide" onclick="return hs.expand(this)"> <img src='/img/file-icon-image-96x128.png' data-src="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900/files/CAVIAR.gif?subformat=icon-180" style="max-height:490px; max-width:640px;" alt="" title="CERN-OBJ-DE-114-1" class="lazy"/> </a> <div class="highslide-caption"> <b>CERN-OBJ-DE-114-1</b>  -  <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900/files/CAVIAR.gif" data-size="GIF">GIF</a>, <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900/files/CAVIAR.gif?subformat=icon-180" data-size="GIF;ICON-180">GIF;ICON-180</a>, <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900/files/CAVIAR.gif?subformat=icon" data-size="GIF;ICON">GIF;ICON</a> <br/>CAMAC Video Autonomous Read-out </div> <br/> <div class="image-download-links" style="color:#888;font-size:x-small;display:block;clear:both">CERN-OBJ-DE-114-1 <br/><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900/files/CAVIAR.gif" style="color:#888;font-size:x-small" data-size="GIF">GIF</a>, <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900/files/CAVIAR.gif?subformat=icon-180" style="color:#888;font-size:x-small" data-size="GIF;ICON-180">GIF;ICON-180</a>, <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900/files/CAVIAR.gif?subformat=icon" style="color:#888;font-size:x-small" data-size="GIF;ICON">GIF;ICON</a><br/><span style="color: #444;font-size:small">CAMAC Video Autonomous Read-out</span></div></div> </div><script type="text/javascript"> window.onload = function() { if (location.hash != ''){ var pic = document.getElementById('thumb'+location.hash.substring(1)); if (pic != null){ hs.expand(pic) } } } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> function toggle_images_visibility(){ var more = document.getElementById('more'); var link = document.getElementById('link'); more.innerHTML = more.innerHTML.substring(4, more.innerHTML.length - 3); link.style.display='none'; hs.updateAnchors(); } </script> <div style="clear:both"> </div></div><div style="clear:both"> </div></td></tr> </table> <p style="font-size:small"> Many objects of this database may be borrowed: see the <a href="https://visit.cern/exhibitions-object-loans">loan conditions</a>. </p> <br/><br/><div align="right"><div style="padding-bottom:2px;padding-top:30px;"><span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"> <a href="" class="moreinfo">Back to search</a> </span></div></div> <div class="bottom-left-folded"><div class="recordlastmodifiedbox" style="position:relative;margin-left:1px"> ჩანაწერი შექმნილია 2023-12-13, ბოლოს შესწორებულია 2023-12-14</div></div> <div class="bottom-right-folded" style="text-align:right;padding-bottom:2px;"> <span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"><a href="/search?ln=ka&p=recid%3A2883900&rm=wrd" class="moreinfo">მსგავსი ჩანაწერები</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> <br/> <br /> <div class="detailedrecordminipanel"> <div class="top-left"></div><div class="top-right"></div> <div class="inside"> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelfile" style="width:33%;float:left;text-align:center;margin-top:0"> <div><small class="detailedRecordActions">CAMAC Video Autonomous Read-out:</small> <br /><a href="/record/2883900/files/CAVIAR.gif"><img style="border:none" src="/img/file-icon-text-34x48.gif" alt="სრული ტექსტის ჩამოტვირთვა" /><br />GIF</a><br /></div> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelreview" style="width:30%;float:left;text-align:center"> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelactions" style="width:36%;float:right;text-align:right;"> <ul class="detailedrecordactions"> <li><a href="/yourbaskets/add?ln=ka&recid=2883900">პირად კალათაში დამატება</a></li> <li>ექსპორტირება <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2883900/export/hx?ln=ka">BibTeX</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2883900/export/hm?ln=ka">MARC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2883900/export/xm?ln=ka">MARCXML</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2883900/export/xd?ln=ka">DC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2883900/export/xe?ln=ka">EndNote</a>,  <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2883900/export/xn?ln=ka">NLM</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2883900/export/xw?ln=ka">RefWorks</a> </li> </ul> <div style='padding-left: 13px;'>  <div id="bookmark"></div> <div id="bookmark_sciencewise"></div> <style type="text/css"> #bookmark_sciencewise, #bookmark {float: left;} #bookmark_sciencewise li {padding: 2px; width: 25px;} #bookmark_sciencewise ul, #bookmark ul {list-style-image: none;} </style> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.bookmark.min.js"></script> <style type="text/css">@import "/css/jquery.bookmark.css";</style> <script type="text/javascript">// <![CDATA[ $.bookmark.addSite('sciencewise', 'ScienceWise.info', 'https://cds.cern.ch/img/sciencewise.png', 'en', 'bookmark', 'http://sciencewise.info/bookmarks/cds:2883900/add'); $('#bookmark_sciencewise').bookmark({sites: ['sciencewise']}); $('#bookmark').bookmark({ sites: ['facebook', 'twitter', 'linkedin', 'google_plusone'], icons: '/img/bookmarks.png', url: 'https://cds.cern.ch/record/2883900', addEmail: true, title: "CAVIAR Physics Microcomputer", description: "CAVIAR (CAMAC Video Autonomous Read-out), developed about 1980 at CERN in Geneva, was a multi-purpose microcomputer for the interactive development, in-line control and monitoring of experiments in high-energy physics. The CAVIAR machine was used in conjunction with a CAMAC system, consisting of a set of I/O modules assembled in a 19\" crate. Some of the CAMAC-modules (for instance, analog-to-digital converters) would directly be connected to measuring devices, while another module would give access to a host (mainframe) computer through a high-speed link. The CAVIAR uses a Motorola 6800 microprocessor with 32 kB of solid-state RAM. In 29 kB EPROM the BAMBI (BASIC-like) interpreter is stored. Using the BAMBI graphics commands, graphs and histograms can be shown on the built-in miniature monitor screen. An alphanumeric terminal is connected to CAVIAR for programming and entering commands. The Super-CAVIAR (shown in the picture) is an enhanced version of CAVIAR with 64 kB RAM, 84 kB EPROM and other improvements. " }); // ]]> </script>  </div> </div> <div style="clear:both;margin-bottom: 0;"></div> </div> <div class="bottom-left"></div><div class="bottom-right"></div> </div> </div></div> <footer id="footer" class="pagefooter clearfix">  <div class="pagefooterstripeleft"> CERN Document Server :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=ka">ძებნა</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=ka">დაყენება</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=ka">პერს</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=ka">დახმარება</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=privacy_policy&se=CDS-Service" target="_blank">Privacy Notice</a> <br /> დაფუძნებულია <a class="footer" href="http://invenio-software.org/">Invenio</a> <br /> შენახულია <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=service_element&name=CDS-Service">CDS Service</a> - Need help? Contact <a href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=service_element&name=CDS-Service">CDS Support</a>. <br /> </div> <div class="pagefooterstriperight"> <div class="cern-logo"> <a id="logo" href="http://cern.ch" title="CERN" rel="CERN" ><img src="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_theme/img/cern-logo-large.png" alt="CERN" /></a> </div> <div class="cern-languagebox"> ეს საიტი ასევე ხელმისაწვდომია შემდეგ ენებში:<br /><a href="/record/2883900?ln=bg" class="langinfo">Български</a>  <a href="/record/2883900?ln=ca" class="langinfo">Català</a>  <a href="/record/2883900?ln=de" class="langinfo">Deutsch</a>  <a href="/record/2883900?ln=el" class="langinfo">Ελληνικά</a>  <a href="/record/2883900?ln=en" class="langinfo">English</a>  <a href="/record/2883900?ln=es" class="langinfo">Español</a>  <a href="/record/2883900?ln=fr" class="langinfo">Français</a>  <a href="/record/2883900?ln=hr" class="langinfo">Hrvatski</a>  <a href="/record/2883900?ln=it" class="langinfo">Italiano</a>  <a href="/record/2883900?ln=ja" class="langinfo">日本語</a>  <span class="langinfo">ქართული</span>  <a href="/record/2883900?ln=no" class="langinfo">Norsk/Bokmål</a>  <a href="/record/2883900?ln=pl" class="langinfo">Polski</a>  <a href="/record/2883900?ln=pt" class="langinfo">Português</a>  <a href="/record/2883900?ln=ru" class="langinfo">Русский</a>  <a href="/record/2883900?ln=sk" class="langinfo">Slovensky</a>  <a href="/record/2883900?ln=sv" class="langinfo">Svenska</a>  <a href="/record/2883900?ln=zh_CN" class="langinfo">中文(简)</a>  <a href="/record/2883900?ln=zh_TW" class="langinfo">中文(繁)</a> </div> </div>  </footer> <script type="text/javascript"> var SyndeticsBookCovers = (function() { var SMALL_SIZE = "sc.gif", MEDIUM_SIZE = "mc.gif", RAW_URL = "https://secure.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=THEISBN/THESIZE&client=cernlibrary"; replaceCover = function(imgElement, isbns, hdFormat) { var img = new Image(), size = hdFormat ? MEDIUM_SIZE : SMALL_SIZE; var _isbns = isbns.sort(function(a, b) { // sort from shortest to longest ISBN (more modern) return a.length > b.length ? 1 : -1; }); function next() { var isbn = _isbns.pop(); if (isbn) { var url = RAW_URL.replace("THEISBN", isbn).replace("THESIZE", size); img.src = url; } } function done() { imgElement.src = img.src; } img.onload = function() { if (this.width > 1) { done(); } else { next(); } }; next(); }; return { replaceCover: replaceCover }; })(); $(document).ready(function() { // get book covers $("img.book-cover").each(function() { var $this = $(this), strIsbns = $this.data("isbns") || "", isbnsArray = String(strIsbns).split(","), hdFormat = $this.hasClass("hd"); SyndeticsBookCovers.replaceCover(this, isbnsArray, hdFormat); }); // WebNews tooltips $.ajax({ url: "/news/tooltips", success: function(data) { create_tooltips(data); }, dataType: "json", cache: false }); }); </script>  <script src="//cds.cern.ch/js/feedback.js"></script>   <script> var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || []; /* tracker methods like "setCustomDimension" should be called before "trackPageView" */ _paq.push(['trackPageView']); _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); (function() { var u="https://webanalytics.web.cern.ch/"; _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'matomo.php']); _paq.push(['setSiteId', '756']); var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.async=true; g.src=u+'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script>  </body> </html>