CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91349927798da042',cH: 'gRWVms2MerInvPvNMz0PmSZXlezM2Dq4DvmUKx1KHsQ-1739782943-1.2.1.1-qmxwuk3h5decbt7P_oeoqqVg5f4HefsVjuKuf7X5nYuscYQoN2O0JgR9ffzJC5X6',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=examination&__cf_chl_tk=4gaqgOuc9k7y752n8im1JQrqSGGDyPL6j9ZW3_Z1tqc-1739782943-1.0.1.1-brR50vifrcVW4CaiIssto2FDRr42SAil8TYisA4CPSE",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739782943',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=examination&__cf_chl_f_tk=4gaqgOuc9k7y752n8im1JQrqSGGDyPL6j9ZW3_Z1tqc-1739782943-1.0.1.1-brR50vifrcVW4CaiIssto2FDRr42SAil8TYisA4CPSE",md: "qJYhq3WFeGrTcmeZeZsYBymE9dQ4trmw7slV8jzGNM4-1739782943-1.2.1.1-qksvuKGIDztMKihsQhU3q6wyiOzGhT_3eA58Kb8FMaYkb_mEoFDjKnNblc66wmJhIRjtVx_xAdpQNl_Iry1is1a4qx.eCSiUI2DBo_3jzhPCLtnYDnAIlt7x26A4Fu2crJEpK4wqBcslVcIxB7voPuM6_9WAb9aXA_JQu_z02aArwvjH7jj1ARPACtr5WmbR_y7MnGSVeoVBRXz2bOL97DKWZlwQ1gwmyQvCZmE6WMqIqiNfQBC0Zf7moK7FcZJvS1HiKGlAGt0dONlPH6zrKI1b7wyh3GnL_h8DxpVsFGSjl6vYrOFDoJaZX6e_HeLjaRNikS9Ze4eaPb8HwkyXKhb5VGveIzSRuBr98SbJ8UXDg2EfvuvE1igz6n3hJ9eCW0G3TJ3a11e85VRJeTlo0cy4_ZPtlwJYV2a_WfHO64putAmweXRSYhn6onHstmWFtyVzQEUg6AXTl2MCiapyUcmvdXOtFqfZdqqxnAOo4Tj7xldspUC.UxyHf6JtSroSewMxMFRArXtH76qYi4.dlcJIsA43FVEC9rG7v9bRVzPG4hOVytOJ0OVRebjVQGdAHcLB_G3jSJ1LIHmQmRLGfsKInkY5Rgoq1iRDlf0EJ3kmHkuYLKcRXv29cJoHxS3IJEKOksXq8.H_j0qJ6aYA7K3.hOH7QBy3WJpLQjz5b.9evTnLp2d9KYMtDK4HB1ju6t.Uamwa4oZzn6Ffe_euKG_eKgVz3zwaawycXkHvbjrFDVeb9PcNUSfVr79YC6rTOv8ibbhCHh2QO7SN8FOSCCBhfQJoPlP.9gxRYVWmBWZsiaixfQ2nujsJs5GJFTmA2cOuEBDnA1bFq.D.IXOEoj_zsMte3rLjOhFGfJO.ONk3UJhuraWYoJ_5kdsQFbC2WrSDJ0n7EePOeH3I57EuXnbLb1I505fy0zMIirjCdRcpB1PbqHHPcVxZelW5z7LWuCWR5NWUGMm6HjAl6g7LrcUkeZxV8eRjriedCSHMN3omsMOVKNNSOVOUA8JLwO3vuBS6Gkerbh.irDbxB7suy93a2sc6bUSEqXk.La_6U.hAKNp9W_DAg3.cEJomOH7lcmOhCFSiZTEb1ZbtoFc.bB_ToX.BqmvPJglLMgCXKCfWFjTDseguBx8W7HU8vWu8dKAb0LM7N0YKyhCPaRrfWY9M_bNU0cU.AbnF3guVMPwsNsRnLZfiGyWeKMMmLy.y3DU5FoEM_9N_PGu1Xyfj3Jui9PBSMP_yXhpqhK6JQmxWj8va2nPuVTIl6ceHkxCI898Q2WeU1uqcvLbuI4aIx3Ymx.dW1RnNf8hX5qo8O_S59dOrkPkpeQ2K6IFV_W8V2L6O16Q7UCQRIpkkqVn_RR4OEe5GtMmANxE0V6cDALQg7LWyB4yQqvjY_Yyd2EEl51JmDr_ZMefLSJOo1eyVRZWC9YMLv_3Z_dFtLkia0w33_pm8A26FuhqfPqtxn71ogHf43f2LyDLq9LCHoZmZHEtgdc00U7pJ_kJdhZE4QBsKH19aABeGITnsWKOe9uycqWVnSoAQq.F3K.XD3Dq.zCODayU1nqIuyHpM4CuHGgPvjVYbFPgCGz.vns.4aPxsdU6.e7PSqK8xgNhMi_tDUAj3AHnBeBxI0.oftayCBPfAwXn0v63hX9NJ405rjxZ40.y1LRAcfEg4qtj6o0BZ1bd4m7eVuMEJcnthk3Rrbh31QK6aCadJ7oXWcyuPMvY39sT_vFRFGlwRSu30tk0c3DPQyxFxvq6l25wrfGfCMhaDv3yP4Id5lDMW5i9WAMF6GnB3lZkVzWenQhasjEjiJpENwT4OzurhjcdHvCJQfiGVXahhX.rpUn1sjilF_VBSV0dlJNuA7cszRQcaYTkqgCk4EnVgSM.8ND.jyYz4u3CgMkyeHLgw06fRCxoLAcWioCXyzZ0_GdAmT6_ovB6.TA",mdrd: "cJNOqxHM5ZWGj3ddVxf7c68gxH.s_Eh22AHyy0ztNfw-1739782943-1.2.1.1-zbmPjqFC2CRuGqAaJ841s2yGg16NXV6rETGR3DkCB0r2fu4lE5DrBhIsM2bcJYpvAXzjWMLdsBeppcNGvi6VXkkur2cJ586gRmK601r2ACl9b.kaV4gAZLnSIVpn4u0I4Lr1caFmeFAwg7Q0kRIISkiQ_HT_PGsoo0A7L8Wg71baBS6Hq3a1cYFNGw6uCf.je50KjQDV9mGwbZ43LxxAv.gQcVinomCcX7uqviYXsJoH.SW1_hu4vH2E2bndz_7rQrYLvNV6jB9Mq2pHrmTWxIsiJot1q9AUJmm8S42KQ.pJnP.7pgndKVXXb5AiLnKhyGfJ2Bl5TDLHav3F.1BOUlNDLSIGoVloiugbJ1nerTD016BIkbY1R6z_DTmO3bXutwYuqwtzYfV1fXAhb.WihVs4ymyz4AtEEqzOtgKxfgny6nN3HOmqakWkgXaJVqa2pIZr69kyetRUB3n9tO9qbqlYyFekZIm7k4FWq7JFuW7xRRqJdWDLku9bkGih0_270BhBbAzpjvdAi3Z.KbxOR..RQQgKh2Ogll_dROWmI.7E3yq7IZLjXcIhubHuoWc4Hlf1M4_gQ5OgyR8O8toRHvOeyWmlnkfQSEOMSXyAExJC5H0NNotPqqe1fCj5qLqKKhEkZaIlHqxxec_pfayoRSopulLU9yaq4Fyk9PeLiDLEpHeNS2AGpPgeTiX9ysxHnwgIsp5FwI5BMgopjG3C0l5DP0K6Bn.1ZhH70g4jfyEs6OIvyy_b9ie.urYUt3UuelN12buPTvhDHxjq4oQx.mdp7BUcm2sQVjY90Wy5QsCFKLbjtWrt8RC24KYo0Aytgsj5KNZVIlep8wS5Jem9yi3JLkgLoZkJGctv0v4xHkV6_muXB8.v7.WzRQ9mso.jHYPbZTYXlnsOQBZZnVU8VE2jOXBLsuT4CUjCISK_9r18fzkOsZ8A0ri_AWg.FCNjngRaG2zKLATmSIkGMvAUVErLuGEZexmUegwo_UuverpVkmUtuqpDrU74uwE_PuS1hio_7UGAec4wVCHQGO4FAT_ekPotMJhk9aXWlQLdLgh4BOUWlr.ZrHGeuAPTU3WFUt4SOtXBxwTOYOlW00uQ1M7rZ4USdk_QhJWBqFSFAyJFJ2I.hp1afyBE7dbiPhPBzRrmWHN9p2MkrZvGpRK37RFXIwN0Ip7UZn99QgzsA53pt2dl3eNlWJfjRQUKv12ML3.yLxP64TzOteLcjYWDNtgLyIbay6NLqePO2SKBEOq6vfjV9MyPH_QIYykjnyisI8aS0yUU7XsX6tP3speTb68r106iZAOKlhRQRWE14yJUGPIzZCWffcp25t1xN84tDyDA0i3wYgO3iennfhYZ7byTbK8UMbvUSbSvuZ5nJiGjmeLrPd7W44vo_sFftE5Q3FmW9Yh8GZs7rbt3NQDo_R21NWTQ2gI20_af2lFm6mcINn8k4gbztqXTFbKLqt3Xy3yJehfEY229r.wKWEMCrilkL6zX06AK16uBgndFKrGgRCNyqtGOAwzBtZH1XwYg8iLJcLOXMEl4aqS2K0pE0.sVfGKJyXiaWKaqYr_u9og_CCWBcxbOM.eo966_.yclQKJErQ2zMX9MWl9oVBUWSu5FPYvGKMdy9I01Pibevye0oahmV5OjqoMDM_AMVgnVx4K3SzHqMcqkwXb1Jn8JLdXtUkQs518m20a69a.dCu2eFJo5bLlVOOZ8EweSUmoxZpSDAPL9Oppz74siGexP.GTMGkyU5TPP9X_TF8aqMnpJNJpLFEZ6cxAGFvYkLqyEhlmLfesyRSvl9LQ23p3fROJFFt8UXTS88gKWTQXoTPZk2MRzgwQHKQhW_1ZosV3c4ngSOLfNf87zaumQSQdaWpywAGkhItko9QGkRpbIeZpP33a3j0Hlj0ON9o4CMagu3j2pEZIlJGqUsMNPc.T6Dk27K9pNrPNzA9Xh0M3CtZ3fAKu5RSTjvuKmkQna9.iq"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91349927798da042';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=examination&__cf_chl_rt_tk=4gaqgOuc9k7y752n8im1JQrqSGGDyPL6j9ZW3_Z1tqc-1739782943-1.0.1.1-brR50vifrcVW4CaiIssto2FDRr42SAil8TYisA4CPSE" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>