CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="zh" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>纬度 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )zhwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"zh", "wgMonthNames":["","1月","2月","3月","4月","5月","6月","7月","8月","9月","10月","11月","12月"],"wgRequestId":"0243ac0e-d540-495c-b7bc-509a2f83235b","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"纬度","wgTitle":"纬度","wgCurRevisionId":84579822,"wgRevisionId":84579822,"wgArticleId":32002,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["地球坐標系統","角","氣候因子"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"zh","wgPageContentLanguage":"zh","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"纬度","wgRelevantArticleId":32002,"wgUserVariant":"zh","wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"zh","pageLanguageDir" :"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":["zh-hans","zh-hant","zh-cn","zh-tw","zh-hk","zh-sg","zh-mo","zh-my"]},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q34027","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.large-font":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready" ,"user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.math.styles":"ready","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.edit0","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.gadget.UnihanTooltips","ext.gadget.Difflink","ext.gadget.pseudonamespace-UI","ext.gadget.SpecialWikitext","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.VariantAlly","ext.gadget.AdvancedSiteNotices","ext.gadget.hideConversionTab","ext.gadget.internalLinkHelper-altcolor","ext.gadget.noteTA","ext.gadget.NavFrame","ext.gadget.collapsibleTables","ext.gadget.scrollUpButton", "ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.math.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=ext.gadget.large-font&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Mollweide_projection_SW.jpg/1200px-Mollweide_projection_SW.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="604"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Mollweide_projection_SW.jpg/800px-Mollweide_projection_SW.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="403"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Mollweide_projection_SW.jpg/640px-Mollweide_projection_SW.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="322"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="纬度 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="编辑本页" href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (zh)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//zh.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hans/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-my/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-sg/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hant/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-mo/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.zh"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia的Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-纬度 rootpage-纬度 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">跳转到内容</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="主菜单" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">主菜单</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">主菜单</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 导航 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" title="访问首页[z]" accesskey="z"><span>首页</span></a></li><li id="n-indexpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95" title="以分类索引搜寻中文维基百科"><span>分类索引</span></a></li><li id="n-Featured_content" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%89%B9%E8%89%B2%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" title="查看中文维基百科的特色内容"><span>特色内容</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B" title="提供当前新闻事件的背景资料"><span>新闻动态</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9" title="列出维基百科中的最近修改[r]" accesskey="r"><span>最近更改</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="随机载入一个页面[x]" accesskey="x"><span>随机条目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-help" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-help" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 帮助 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95" title="寻求帮助"><span>帮助</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%A4%BE%E7%BE%A4%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" title="关于本计划、你可以做什么、应该如何做"><span>维基社群</span></a></li><li id="n-policy" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%96%B9%E9%87%9D%E8%88%87%E6%8C%87%E5%BC%95" title="查看维基百科的方针和指引"><span>方针与指引</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E4%BA%92%E5%8A%A9%E5%AE%A2%E6%A0%88" title="参与维基百科社群的讨论"><span>互助客栈</span></a></li><li id="n-Information_desk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E9%97%AE%E7%AD%94" title="解答任何与维基百科无关的问题的地方"><span>知识问答</span></a></li><li id="n-conversion" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%AD%97%E8%AF%8D%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2" title="提出字词转换请求"><span>字词转换</span></a></li><li id="n-IRC" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC%E8%81%8A%E5%A4%A9%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93"><span>IRC即时聊天</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E8%81%94%E7%BB%9C%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC" title="如何联络维基百科"><span>联络我们</span></a></li><li id="n-about" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E" title="查看维基百科的简介"><span>关于维基百科</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="维基百科" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-zh.svg" style="width: 6.5625em; height: 1.375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="自由的百科全书" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-zh.svg" width="103" height="14" style="width: 6.4375em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="搜索维基百科[f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>搜索</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="搜索维基百科" aria-label="搜索维基百科" autocapitalize="sentences" title="搜索维基百科[f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:搜索"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">搜索</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="个人工具"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="更改页面字体大小、宽度和颜色的外观" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="外观" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">外观</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans" class=""><span>资助维基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-球体上的纬度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#球体上的纬度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>球体上的纬度</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-球体上的纬度-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关球体上的纬度子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-球体上的纬度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-球体上的经纬网" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#球体上的经纬网"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>球体上的经纬网</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-球体上的经纬网-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-特定名称的纬度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#特定名称的纬度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>特定名称的纬度</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-特定名称的纬度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-球形的地图投影" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#球形的地图投影"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>球形的地图投影</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-球形的地图投影-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-子午线上两点的距离" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#子午线上两点的距离"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>子午线上两点的距离</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-子午线上两点的距离-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-椭球体上的纬度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#椭球体上的纬度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>椭球体上的纬度</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-椭球体上的纬度-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关椭球体上的纬度子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-椭球体上的纬度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-椭球体" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#椭球体"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>椭球体</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-椭球体-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-大地纬度和地心纬度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#大地纬度和地心纬度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>大地纬度和地心纬度</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-大地纬度和地心纬度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-天文纬度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#天文纬度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>天文纬度</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-天文纬度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-高纬度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#高纬度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>高纬度</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-高纬度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-中纬度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中纬度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>中纬度</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中纬度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>參考</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">纬度</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。126种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-126" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">126种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breedtegraad" title="Breedtegraad – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Breedtegraad" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geografische_Breite" title="Geografische Breite – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Geografische Breite" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitut" title="Latitut – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Latitut" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%B6_(%D8%AC%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7)" title="عرض (جغرافيا) – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عرض (جغرافيا)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llatit%C3%BA" title="Llatitú – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Llatitú" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="अक्षांश – 阿瓦德语" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="अक्षांश" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="阿瓦德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co%C4%9Frafi_enlik" title="Coğrafi enlik – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Coğrafi enlik" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D9%84%D9%85" title="ائنلم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ائنلم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Географик киңлек – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Географик киңлек" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Шырата – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Шырата" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Шырата – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Шырата" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Географска ширина – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Географска ширина" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="अक्षांश – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="अक्षांश" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%90%E1%80%B9%E1%80%90%E1%80%AE%E1%80%85%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AF" title="လတ္တီစျု – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="လတ္တီစျု" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B6" title="অক্ষাংশ – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অক্ষাংশ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%95%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%90%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82" title="འཕྲེད་ཐིག – 藏语" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="འཕྲེད་ཐིག" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ledred" title="Ledred – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ledred" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geografska_%C5%A1irina" title="Geografska širina – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Geografska širina" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitud" title="Latitud – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Latitud" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%AAi-d%C3%B4" title="Ūi-dô – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ūi-dô" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitud" title="Latitud – 宿务语" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Latitud" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="宿务语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%8E%DA%B5%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="ھێڵی پانی – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھێڵی پانی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zem%C4%9Bpisn%C3%A1_%C5%A1%C3%AD%C5%99ka" title="Zeměpisná šířka – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zeměpisná šířka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Ан (координат) – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ан (координат)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lledred" title="Lledred – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Lledred" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographische_Breite" title="Geographische Breite – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Geographische Breite" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ver%C4%B1niye" title="Verıniye – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Verıniye" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geografiska_%C5%A1yrina" title="Geografiska šyrina – 下索布语" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Geografiska šyrina" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="下索布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%89%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Γεωγραφικό πλάτος – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γεωγραφικό πλάτος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitude" title="Latitude – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Latitude" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitudo" title="Latitudo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Latitudo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitud" title="Latitud – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Latitud" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geograafiline_laius" title="Geograafiline laius – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Geograafiline laius" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitude" title="Latitude – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Latitude" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D8%AC%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="عرض جغرافیایی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عرض جغرافیایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leveysaste" title="Leveysaste – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Leveysaste" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitude" title="Latitude – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Latitude" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latituda" title="Latituda – 法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Latituda" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geograafisk_breetje" title="Geograafisk breetje – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Geograafisk breetje" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breedtegraad" title="Breedtegraad – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Breedtegraad" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domhanleithead" title="Domhanleithead – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Domhanleithead" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitude" title="Latitude – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Latitude" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95_%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%97%D7%91" title="קו רוחב – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קו רוחב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%81" title="अक्षांश रेखाएँ – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अक्षांश रेखाएँ" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemljopisna_%C5%A1irina" title="Zemljopisna širina – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Zemljopisna širina" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geografiska_%C5%A1%C4%9Brokos%C4%87" title="Geografiska šěrokosć – 上索布语" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Geografiska šěrokosć" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="上索布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitid" title="Latitid – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Latitid" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B7%D5%AD%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Աշխարհագրական լայնություն – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Աշխարհագրական լայնություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garis_lintang" title="Garis lintang – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Garis lintang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitude" title="Latitude – 伊博语" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Latitude" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="伊博语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitud" title="Latitud – 伊洛卡诺语" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Latitud" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="伊洛卡诺语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitudo" title="Latitudo – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Latitudo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breiddargr%C3%A1%C3%B0a" title="Breiddargráða – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Breiddargráða" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitudine" title="Latitudine – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Latitudine" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B7%AF%E5%BA%A6" title="緯度 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="緯度" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="განედი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="განედი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tehri" title="Tehri – 卡拜尔语" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tehri" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡拜尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Ендік – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ендік" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B7%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%B6" title="ಅಕ್ಷಾಂಶ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಕ್ಷಾಂಶ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%EB%8F%84" title="위도 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위도" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%AAl%C3%AEpan" title="Hêlîpan – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hêlîpan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D2%A3%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Кеңдик – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кеңдик" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitudo_geographica" title="Latitudo geographica – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Latitudo geographica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographesch_Breet" title="Geographesch Breet – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Geographesch Breet" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitudin" title="Latitudin – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Latitudin" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monk%C9%94%CC%81l%C9%94%CC%81t%C9%94%CC%81_mw%C3%A2_libale" title="Monkɔ́lɔ́tɔ́ mwâ libale – 林加拉语" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Monkɔ́lɔ́tɔ́ mwâ libale" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="林加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B1%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%82%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%9C%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99" title="ເສັ້ນຂະໜານ – 老挝语" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ເສັ້ນຂະໜານ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="老挝语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platuma" title="Platuma – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Platuma" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A2eogr%C4%81fiskais_platums" title="Ģeogrāfiskais platums – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ģeogrāfiskais platums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="अक्षांश – 迈蒂利语" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="अक्षांश" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="迈蒂利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laharam-pehintany" title="Laharam-pehintany – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Laharam-pehintany" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Лоптык – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Лоптык" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Географска ширина – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Географска ширина" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%82" title="അക്ഷാംശം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അക്ഷാംശം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="अक्षांश – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अक्षांश" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitud" title="Latitud – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Latitud" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%90%E1%80%B9%E1%80%90%E1%80%AE%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B0" title="လတ္တီကျူ – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လတ္တီကျူ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breedtegraod" title="Breedtegraod – 低萨克森语" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Breedtegraod" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="低萨克森语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="अक्षांश – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अक्षांश" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breedtegraad" title="Breedtegraad – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Breedtegraad" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breiddegrad" title="Breiddegrad – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Breiddegrad" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breddegrad" title="Breddegrad – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Breddegrad" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitud" title="Latitud – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Latitud" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sararran_Dagalee" title="Sararran Dagalee – 奥罗莫语" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Sararran Dagalee" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="奥罗莫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%85%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B7%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%82%E0%AC%B6" title="ଅକ୍ଷାଂଶ – 奥里亚语" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଅକ୍ଷାଂଶ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="奥里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%C3%A6%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Уæрхад – 奥塞梯语" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Уæрхад" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奥塞梯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC_%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE" title="ਅਕਸ਼ਾਂਸ਼ ਰੇਖਾ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਕਸ਼ਾਂਸ਼ ਰੇਖਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szeroko%C5%9B%C4%87_geograficzna" title="Szerokość geograficzna – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Szerokość geograficzna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AF" title="عرض بلد – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="عرض بلد" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitude" title="Latitude – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Latitude" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitudine" title="Latitudine – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Latitudine" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Широта – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Широта" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%8D%D2%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Кэтирээһин – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Кэтирээһин" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%AA%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%A5_%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8" title="ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱜᱟᱨ – 桑塔利语" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱜᱟᱨ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="桑塔利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latit%C3%B9dini" title="Latitùdini – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Latitùdini" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geografska_%C5%A1irina" title="Geografska širina – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Geografska širina" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81" title="අක්ෂාංශ – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අක්ෂාංශ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitude" title="Latitude – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Latitude" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemepisn%C3%A1_%C5%A1%C3%ADrka" title="Zemepisná šírka – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zemepisná šírka" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemljepisna_%C5%A1irina" title="Zemljepisna širina – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Zemljepisna širina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbariro_dzeTaranyika" title="Mbariro dzeTaranyika – 绍纳语" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mbariro dzeTaranyika" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="绍纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lool" title="Lool – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Lool" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjer%C3%ABsia_gjeografike" title="Gjerësia gjeografike – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjerësia gjeografike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Географска ширина – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Географска ширина" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garis_datar" title="Garis datar – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Garis datar" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitud" title="Latitud – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Latitud" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szyroko%C5%9B%C4%87_geograficzno" title="Szyrokość geograficzno – 西里西亚语" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Szyrokość geograficzno" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="西里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81" title="நிலநேர்க்கோடு – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நிலநேர்க்கோடு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%82" title="అక్షాంశం – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అక్షాంశం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B7%D0%B8_%D2%B7%D1%83%D2%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%91%D3%A3" title="Арзи ҷуғрофиёӣ – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Арзи ҷуғрофиёӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94" title="ละติจูด – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ละติจูด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitud" title="Latitud – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Latitud" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlem" title="Enlem – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Enlem" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%DB%95%DA%AD%D9%84%D9%89%D9%83" title="كەڭلىك – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="كەڭلىك" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Широта – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Широта" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AF" title="عرض بلد – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عرض بلد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenglik" title="Kenglik – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kenglik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitudine" title="Latitudine – 威尼斯语" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Latitudine" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%A9_%C4%91%E1%BB%99" title="Vĩ độ – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vĩ độ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%AAedtegroad" title="Brêedtegroad – 西佛蘭德文" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Brêedtegroad" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="西佛蘭德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitud" title="Latitud – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Latitud" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tus-wu-gaar" title="Tus-wu-gaar – 沃洛夫语" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Tus-wu-gaar" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="沃洛夫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B7%AF%E5%BA%A6" title="緯度 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="緯度" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%9C_%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A2_(%D7%92%D7%A2%D7%90%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A2)" title="גארטל ליניע (געאגראפיע) – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="גארטל ליניע (געאגראפיע)" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C5%ABi-t%C5%8D%CD%98" title="Hūi-tō͘ – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hūi-tō͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B7%AF" title="緯 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="緯" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q34027#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&oldid=84579822" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&id=84579822&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E7%25BA%25AC%25E5%25BA%25A6"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E7%25BA%25AC%25E5%25BA%25A6"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Latitudes" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q34027" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width: 20em;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2"><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mollweide_projection_SW.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Mollweide_projection_SW.jpg/300px-Mollweide_projection_SW.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Mollweide_projection_SW.jpg/450px-Mollweide_projection_SW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Mollweide_projection_SW.jpg/600px-Mollweide_projection_SW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2058" data-file-height="1036" /></a></span></center> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center"><small style="line-height:130%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>的Mollweide等面積投影<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%9B%BE" title="地图">地图</a></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#bbffee;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E5%BA%A6" title="经度">经度</a>（λ） </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">經度線投射在圖上看似彎曲和垂直的線，但實際上是大圓的一半。 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#bbffee;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">纬度</a>（φ） </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">緯度線投射在圖上看似水平的平行線，但實際上是不同半徑的圓。有相同特定緯度的所有位置都在同一個<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%AC%E7%BA%BF" title="纬线">纬线</a>上。 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93" title="赤道">赤道</a></b>的緯度為0°，將行星平分為<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8D%8A%E7%90%83" title="南半球">南半球</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%8D%8A%E7%90%83" title="北半球">北半球</a>。 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:World_map_with_equator.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/World_map_with_equator.svg/80px-World_map_with_equator.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/World_map_with_equator.svg/120px-World_map_with_equator.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/World_map_with_equator.svg/160px-World_map_with_equator.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="651" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>纬度</b>（φ）是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>表面一个點的南北地理位置的表示法。纬度与<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E5%BA%A6" title="经度">经度</a>通常一起使用以确定地表上某点的精确位置。 </p><p>纬度是一个角度，其范围从<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93" title="赤道">赤道</a>的0度到南北极的90度。在英文文本中，纬度通常使用小写<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" title="希腊字母">希腊字母</a>phi (φ)来表示。它以度、分、秒或者小数形式的度来计量，再附上N或S来表示北纬或南纬。纬度相同的连线形成与赤道平行的大圆。<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93" title="赤道">赤道</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%9B%9E%E5%BD%92%E7%BA%BF" title="南回归线">南回归线</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%9B%9E%E5%BD%92%E7%BA%BF" title="北回归线">北回归线</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81%E5%9C%88" class="mw-redirect" title="南极圈">南极圈</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%9E%81%E5%9C%88" class="mw-redirect" title="北极圈">北极圈</a>是特殊的纬线。 </p><p>纬度数值在0至30度之间的地区称为低纬度地区；纬度数值在30至60度之间的地区称为中纬度地区；纬度数值在60至90度之间的地区称为高纬度地区。地球绕太阳运行的轨道平面叫做黄道，与地球自转轴垂直的平面是赤道面。黄道面和赤道面的夹角被称为黄赤交角，在图中以{\displaystyle i}i 表示，当前黄赤交角的值为23° 26′ 21″。因为这个角与地球自转轴和黄道法线的夹角相同，因此这个角也被称为地轴倾角。 </p><p>该图像展示了一个垂直于黄道且通过地球自转轴的平面的横截面，该时刻为冬至，太阳直射点位于南回归线上。这时南极圈以南为极昼，而北极圈以北为极夜。夏至时太阳直射在北回归线上，极昼极夜现象正好与冬至时相反。回归线的纬度和黄赤交角相同，两个极圈的纬度等于黄赤交角的余角。只有在两条回归线之间地区有可能发生太阳直射现象。 </p><p>这些纬线将在下面的墨卡托投影中清晰的标示出来。 </p><p>在定义经纬度的时候，做了两个抽象假设。第一，以<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%B0%E6%B0%B4%E5%87%86%E9%9D%A2" title="大地水准面">大地水准面</a>来代替地球的物理表面，大地水准面是一个假想的由地球上静止平衡的海平面延伸到陆地内部而形成的闭合曲面。第二，用一个数学上简单的参考表面来作为大地水准面的近似。最简单的参考表面为<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%83%E9%9D%A2" title="球面">球面</a>，但是用旋转<a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%AD%E7%90%83" title="椭球">椭球</a>面来模拟大地水准面要更为准确些。经纬度在这个参考表面上的定义将在下文中详细说明，经度相同和纬度相同的点的连线共同构成了这个参考表面上的经纬网。地球真实表面上一点的纬度和其在参考表面上的对应点一致，过地球真实表面上一点作参考表面的法线，该法线与参考表面的交点即为真实表面上那一点的对应点。纬度，经度和遵循某种规范的高度共同组成了 ISO 19111 标准中所定义的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%9D%90%E6%A0%87%E7%B3%BB" title="地理坐标系">地理坐标系</a>统。 </p><p>由于有不同的参考<a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%AD%E7%90%83" title="椭球">椭球</a>面，地表上一点的纬度特征也就并不唯一。<a href="/wiki/ISO" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO">ISO</a>标准中关于这一点的描述为：如果坐标参考系统没有完全定义，那么坐标(主要指经度和纬度)顶多是模糊不清的，至少也是毫无意义的。这对于精确的应用非常重要，比如<a href="/wiki/GPS" class="mw-redirect" title="GPS">GPS</a>，但是，在一般的使用中，并不需要很高的精度，通常也就不提及参考椭球面。 </p><p>无论是为了使用<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E7%B7%AF%E5%84%80" title="經緯儀">经纬仪</a>还是为了确定<a href="/wiki/GPS" class="mw-redirect" title="GPS">GPS</a>卫星的轨道，纬度的测量都要求人们对地球<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%8A%9B%E5%A0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="重力場">重力场</a>有充分的了解。研究地球的轮廓及其重力场的学科是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%B0%E6%B5%8B%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%A6" title="大地测量学">大地测量学</a>，这些内容将不会在此文中讨论。通过简单的名称变换，这篇文章里涉及到的地球坐标系统也可以扩展运用到月球，行星和其它天体上。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="球体上的纬度"><span id=".E7.90.83.E4.BD.93.E4.B8.8A.E7.9A.84.E7.BA.AC.E5.BA.A6"></span>球体上的纬度</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：球体上的纬度"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Latitude_and_longitude_graticule_on_a_sphere.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Latitude_and_longitude_graticule_on_a_sphere.svg/200px-Latitude_and_longitude_graticule_on_a_sphere.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Latitude_and_longitude_graticule_on_a_sphere.svg/300px-Latitude_and_longitude_graticule_on_a_sphere.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Latitude_and_longitude_graticule_on_a_sphere.svg/400px-Latitude_and_longitude_graticule_on_a_sphere.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="825" data-file-height="825" /></a><figcaption>地球的这个视图展示了纬度（φ）和经度（λ）在球体模型上的定义，经纬网的刻度为10度</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="球体上的经纬网"><span id=".E7.90.83.E4.BD.93.E4.B8.8A.E7.9A.84.E7.BB.8F.E7.BA.AC.E7.BD.91"></span>球体上的经纬网</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：球体上的经纬网"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>地球上经度相同和纬度相同的线组成的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%8F%E7%BA%AC%E7%BD%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="经纬网（页面不存在）">经纬网</a>，是参考地球<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%89%E8%BB%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="自轉軸">自转轴</a>确定的。最基本的参考点为<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%81%E7%82%B9" class="mw-disambig" title="极点">极点</a>，它们是地球自转轴与地球表面的交点。通过地球自转轴的平面与地球表面的交线为<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E5%8D%88%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="子午线">子午线</a>，任意一个子午线平面和<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E5%B0%BC%E6%B2%BB%E5%AD%90%E5%8D%88%E7%B7%9A" title="格林尼治子午線">格林尼治子午线</a>平面组成的夹角定义了经度，子午线是经度相同的点连成的线。过地心且与地球自转轴垂直的平面和地球表面相交于一个大圆，该圆被称为<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93" title="赤道">赤道</a>，平行于赤道的平面与地球表面相交于一圆，该圆上纬度相同。赤道的纬度为0°, <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%9E%81" class="mw-redirect" title="北极">北极</a>的纬度为北纬90° (记作90°N或+90°)，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81" class="mw-redirect" title="南极">南极</a>的纬度为南纬90° (记作90°S或-90°)。任意一点的纬度为该点的半径与赤道平面的夹角。 </p><p>如此定义的纬度通常被称为球形纬度，这样可以和后文提及的辅助纬度相区别。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="特定名称的纬度"><span id=".E7.89.B9.E5.AE.9A.E5.90.8D.E7.A7.B0.E7.9A.84.E7.BA.AC.E5.BA.A6"></span>特定名称的纬度</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：特定名称的纬度"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:December_solstice_geometry.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/December_solstice_geometry.svg/300px-December_solstice_geometry.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/December_solstice_geometry.svg/450px-December_solstice_geometry.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/December_solstice_geometry.svg/600px-December_solstice_geometry.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="367" data-file-height="251" /></a><figcaption>冬至时的太阳方向</figcaption></figure> <p>除了赤道外，四条特殊的纬线 </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><table class="wikitable" border="1"> <tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%9E%81%E5%9C%88" class="mw-redirect" title="北极圈">北极圈</a></td> <td>66° 33′ 39″ N </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%9B%9E%E5%BD%92%E7%BA%BF" title="北回归线">北回归线</a></td> <td>23° 26′ 21″ N </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%9B%9E%E5%BD%92%E7%BA%BF" title="南回归线">南回归线</a></td> <td>23° 26′ 21″ S </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81%E5%9C%88" class="mw-redirect" title="南极圈">南极圈</a></td> <td>66° 33′ 39" S </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>地球绕太阳运行的轨道平面叫做<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E9%81%93" title="黄道">黄道</a>，与地球自转轴垂直的平面是<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93" title="赤道">赤道</a>面。黄道面和赤道面的夹角被称为<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E8%B5%A4%E4%BA%A4%E8%A7%92" class="mw-redirect" title="黄赤交角">黄赤交角</a>，在图中以<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle i}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>i</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle i}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/add78d8608ad86e54951b8c8bd6c8d8416533d20" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:0.802ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle i}"></span> 表示，当前黄赤交角的值为23° 26′ 21″。因为这个角与地球自转轴和黄道法线的夹角相同，因此这个角也被称为地轴倾角。 </p><p>该图像展示了一个垂直于黄道且通过地球自转轴的平面的横截面，该时刻为<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%AC%E8%87%B3" title="冬至">冬至</a>，太阳直射点位于<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%9B%9E%E5%BD%92%E7%BA%BF" title="南回归线">南回归线</a>上。这时<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81%E5%9C%88" class="mw-redirect" title="南极圈">南极圈</a>以南为极昼，而<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%9E%81%E5%9C%88" class="mw-redirect" title="北极圈">北极圈</a>以北为极夜。<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E8%87%B3" title="夏至">夏至</a>时太阳直射在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%9B%9E%E5%BD%92%E7%BA%BF" title="北回归线">北回归线</a>上，极昼极夜现象正好与冬至时相反。回归线的纬度和黄赤交角相同，两个极圈的纬度等于黄赤交角的余角。只有在两条回归线之间地区有可能发生太阳直射现象。 </p><p>这些纬线将在下面的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E5%8D%A1%E6%89%98%E6%8A%95%E5%BD%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="墨卡托投影">墨卡托投影</a>中清晰的标示出来。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="球形的地图投影"><span id=".E7.90.83.E5.BD.A2.E7.9A.84.E5.9C.B0.E5.9B.BE.E6.8A.95.E5.BD.B1"></span>球形的地图投影</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：球形的地图投影"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在地图投影中，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E7%BA%BF" title="经线">经线</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%AC%E7%BA%BF" title="纬线">纬线</a>的形态并没有一个明确的规定。比如，在球形<a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E5%8D%A1%E6%89%98%E6%8A%95%E5%BD%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="墨卡托投影">墨卡托投影</a>中，纬线是水平的，经线是垂直的；而在横轴墨卡托投影中，并没有垂直的或者水平的经线和纬线，它们都是一些复杂的曲线。图中的红线就是前文中提到的特殊的纬线。 </p> <table style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <th width="1%"> </th> <th width="36%">常规墨卡托投影 </th> <th width="3%"> </th> <th width="1%"> </th> <th width="36%">横轴墨卡托投影 </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td> </td> <td align="center" width="200px"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MercNormSph_enhanced.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/MercNormSph_enhanced.png/200px-MercNormSph_enhanced.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/MercNormSph_enhanced.png/300px-MercNormSph_enhanced.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/MercNormSph_enhanced.png/400px-MercNormSph_enhanced.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="797" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td align="center" width="200px"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MercTranSph_enhanced.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/MercTranSph_enhanced.png/200px-MercTranSph_enhanced.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/MercTranSph_enhanced.png/300px-MercTranSph_enhanced.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/MercTranSph_enhanced.png/400px-MercTranSph_enhanced.png 2x" data-file-width="1068" data-file-height="1073" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>大范围或是全球的地图投影，是完全满足球形模型的，因为在最终绘制的地图上<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E6%A4%AD%E7%8E%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地球椭率（页面不存在）">地球椭率</a>忽略不计。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="子午线上两点的距离"><span id=".E5.AD.90.E5.8D.88.E7.BA.BF.E4.B8.8A.E4.B8.A4.E7.82.B9.E7.9A.84.E8.B7.9D.E7.A6.BB"></span>子午线上两点的距离</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：子午线上两点的距离"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>球面上的法线通过<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%90%83%E5%BF%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="球心（页面不存在）">球心</a>，因此，子午线上一点到<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93" title="赤道">赤道</a>组成的弧段所对应的球心角，其大小等于该点的纬度 (φ)。如果子午线上两点的距离用 m(φ) 表示，那么， </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle m(\phi )={\frac {\pi }{180}}R\phi _{\rm {degrees}}=R\phi _{\rm {radians}}.}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>m</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>ϕ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>π</mi> <mn>180</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mi>R</mi> <msub> <mi>ϕ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi>R</mi> <msub> <mi>ϕ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle m(\phi )={\frac {\pi }{180}}R\phi _{\rm {degrees}}=R\phi _{\rm {radians}}.}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/21482f2f2e2ddebb1f179499bd79912e90360511" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:33.606ex; height:4.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle m(\phi )={\frac {\pi }{180}}R\phi _{\rm {degrees}}=R\phi _{\rm {radians}}.}"></span></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>其中，R表示地球的平均半径，为6371km。这是球形模型情况下最高精度的地球半径数值，因为更高的精度要求必须考虑<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E6%A4%AD%E7%8E%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地球椭率（页面不存在）">地球椭率</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%8D%8A%E5%BE%84" title="地球半径">地球半径</a>R取值为6371km时，一度球心角所对应的子午线弧长为111.2km，一分球心角对应的子午线弧长为1.853km。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="椭球体上的纬度"><span id=".E6.A4.AD.E7.90.83.E4.BD.93.E4.B8.8A.E7.9A.84.E7.BA.AC.E5.BA.A6"></span>椭球体上的纬度</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：椭球体上的纬度"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="椭球体"><span id=".E6.A4.AD.E7.90.83.E4.BD.93"></span>椭球体</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：椭球体"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1687年，<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E7%89%9B%E9%A1%BF" title="艾萨克·牛顿">艾萨克·牛顿</a>出版了《<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E7%9A%84%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86" title="自然哲学的数学原理">自然哲学的数学原理</a>》，在这本书中，他证明了一个旋转着的自引力流体在处于平衡时其形状为<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%81%E6%A4%AD%E7%90%83" class="mw-redirect" title="扁椭球">扁椭球</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-newton_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newton-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 牛顿的结论最终于18世纪被<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%B0%E6%B5%8B%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%A6" title="大地测量学">大地测量学</a>证明。扁椭球体是一个椭圆绕其短轴旋转180度得到的三维表面。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%8B%E8%BD%AC%E6%A4%AD%E7%90%83%E4%BD%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="旋转椭球体（页面不存在）">旋转椭球体</a>在本文中统称为为椭球体。（没有对称轴的椭球体被称为三轴椭球体） </p><p>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%B0%E6%B5%8B%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%A6" title="大地测量学">大地测量学</a>的历史上，人们使用过很多不同的参考椭球。发明<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="人造卫星">人造卫星</a>之前，参考椭球是为适应局部地区的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E5%87%86%E9%9D%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="水准面（页面不存在）">水准面</a>设计的，因为在那时人们只能得到有限区域的地理数据。随着GPS的出现，自然的，人们开始使用地心椭球(如<a href="/wiki/WGS84" class="mw-redirect" title="WGS84">WGS84</a>)，地心椭球的中心和地球质心重合，其短轴和地球<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%89%E8%BB%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="自轉軸">自转轴</a>重合。这些地心椭球的表面和大地水准面的距离通常在100米以内。由于纬度的定义依赖于参考的椭球，那么同一点在不同椭球上的纬度值不一样，因此，在没有确定<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%82%E8%80%83%E6%A4%AD%E7%90%83" title="参考椭球">参考椭球</a>的情况下，不可能得到一点精确的经度纬度。政府部门保存的许多经纬度数据是基于以前的参考椭球确定的，因此有必要知道不同参考椭球得到的经纬度之间该如何互相转换。GPS手持设备包含了转换经纬度的数据库，该数据库可以在WGS84坐标系和当地坐标系之间相互转换经纬度。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="大地纬度和地心纬度"><span id=".E5.A4.A7.E5.9C.B0.E7.BA.AC.E5.BA.A6.E5.92.8C.E5.9C.B0.E5.BF.83.E7.BA.AC.E5.BA.A6"></span>大地纬度和地心纬度</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：大地纬度和地心纬度"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Latitude_and_longitude_graticule_on_an_ellipsoid.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Latitude_and_longitude_graticule_on_an_ellipsoid.svg/200px-Latitude_and_longitude_graticule_on_an_ellipsoid.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Latitude_and_longitude_graticule_on_an_ellipsoid.svg/300px-Latitude_and_longitude_graticule_on_an_ellipsoid.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Latitude_and_longitude_graticule_on_an_ellipsoid.svg/400px-Latitude_and_longitude_graticule_on_an_ellipsoid.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="825" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>大地纬度(φ)和经度(λ)在椭球体上的定义。除了赤道上的和两极外，椭球表面上一点的法线并不通过椭球中心</figcaption></figure> <p>椭球体上和球体上的经纬网构造方式是一致的。除了赤道上的和两极外，椭球表面上一点的法线并不通过椭球中心，但是椭球体上纬度的定义并没有改变，依然是一点的法线和赤道平面的夹角。鉴于此，纬度的用辞必须更加准确，以下是几种不同纬度的定义： </p> <dl><dd><b>大地纬度：</b>表面上一点的法线与<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93" title="赤道">赤道</a>平面的夹角。在英文出版物里，标准的记法为φ。在没有具体说明的情况下，纬度一般指的是大地纬度，大地纬度定义必须伴随着对椭球体的规定。</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>地心纬度：</b>表面上一点的半径（该点和地心的连线）与赤道平面的夹角。地心纬度的表示没有统一的符号，比如θ,ψ, q, φ', φ<sub>c</sub>, φ<sub>g</sub>。在本文中，地心纬度记作ψ。</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>球形纬度：</b>在球形参考系中，一点的法线和赤道平面的夹角为球形纬度。</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>地理纬度</b>这个名词必须谨慎使用，一些作者把它当做大地纬度的同义词，然而另一些人用它来表示<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="天文纬度（页面不存在）">天文纬度</a>。</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>纬度</b>（无定义）通常指的是大地纬度。</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="天文纬度"><span id=".E5.A4.A9.E6.96.87.E7.BA.AC.E5.BA.A6"></span>天文纬度</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：天文纬度"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>天文纬度 (Φ)</b> 是地球表面一点的真垂线与赤道平面之间的夹角。真垂线，方向和<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85%E5%9E%82%E7%BA%BF" title="铅垂线">铅垂线</a>一致，指向<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%8A%9B%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="重力加速度">重力加速度</a>的方向。重力加速度是由地球质量产生的引力加速度和地球自转产生的离心加速度合成的。天文纬度可以通过测量<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%A0%82" title="天頂">天顶</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%92%E6%98%9F" title="恒星">恒星</a>的角度来确定，其中，恒星的赤纬是已知的。 </p><p>通常，地球表面上一点的真垂线既不与<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%82%E8%80%83%E6%A4%AD%E7%90%83" title="参考椭球">参考椭球</a>的法线垂直，也不与<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%B0%E6%B0%B4%E5%87%86%E9%9D%A2" title="大地水准面">大地水准面</a>的法线垂直。天文法线和大地法线之间的夹角通常只有几弧秒，但这个差值在大地测量学中很重要。大地水准面是理想化的平均<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2" title="海平面">海平面</a>，而地球真实表面上的一点，通常比理想化的大地水准面高或低，因此该点的真垂线与大地水准面的法线并不重合。另外，地表上一点在某一时刻的真垂线还受到<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90" title="潮汐">潮汐</a>力影响，但潮汐作用在计算大地水准面时被抵消了。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="高纬度"><span id=".E9.AB.98.E7.BA.AC.E5.BA.A6"></span>高纬度</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：高纬度"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>高纬度是地球表面南北纬度60度到90度之间的区域，是地球表面接受太阳<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%90%E5%B0%84" title="辐射">辐射</a>最弱的地带。高纬度地区所具有的物理和化学特性与其它纬度带明显不同，其自然资源和生物资源相对较少，人类活动也比其他地区较为冷清。<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>高纬度地区的气候寒冷，多为<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%81%E5%9C%B0%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99" class="mw-redirect" title="极地气候">极地气候</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%AF%92%E5%B8%A6%E9%92%88%E5%8F%B6%E6%9E%97%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99" class="mw-redirect" title="亚寒带针叶林气候">亚寒带针叶林气候</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="中纬度"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E7.BA.AC.E5.BA.A6"></span>中纬度</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：中纬度"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>中纬度是地球上<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%B8%A6" title="热带">热带</a>到<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%81%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="极地">极地</a>之间的地区，一般指南北纬23.5至66.5度。在<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E8%B1%A1%E5%AD%A6" title="气象学">气象学</a>上有重要的地位，由于高纬度和低纬度的盛行气团在此交汇，本区的气旋活动频繁。中纬度内陆地区的气温与沿海差异较大，内陆大陆性较强。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83"></span>參考</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：參考"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-newton-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-newton_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Isaac Newton:<i>Principia</i> Book III Proposition XIX Problem III, p. 407 in Andrew Motte translation, available on line at <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://archive.org">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140704181658/http://data.tiexue.net/view/2154">高纬度 - 铁血网</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-06-13</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.tiexue.net/view/2154">原始内容</a>存档于2014-07-04） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（简体）网页">（中文（简体））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&rft.btitle=%E9%AB%98%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6+-+%E9%93%81%E8%A1%80%E7%BD%91&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.tiexue.net%2Fview%2F2154&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="经纬度">经纬度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%AC%E7%BA%BF" title="纬线">纬线</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E5%BA%A6" title="经度">经度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E7%BA%BF" title="经线">经线</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=纬度&oldid=84579822">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=纬度&oldid=84579822</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%9D%90%E6%A8%99%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="Category:地球坐標系統">地球坐標系統</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%A7%92" title="Category:角">角</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90" title="Category:氣候因子">氣候因子</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> 本页面最后修订于2024年10月14日 (星期一) 11:39。</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">本站的全部文字在<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.zh">知识共享署名-相同方式共享 4.0协议</a>之条款下提供，附加条款亦可能应用。（请参阅<a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">使用条款</a>）<br /> Wikipedia®和维基百科标志是<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/zh">维基媒体基金会</a>的注册商标；维基™是维基媒体基金会的商标。<br /> 维基媒体基金会是按美国国內稅收法501(c)(3)登记的<a class="external text" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tax_deductibility">非营利慈善机构</a>。<br /></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">隐私政策</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E">关于维基百科</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%8D%E8%B4%A3%E5%A3%B0%E6%98%8E">免责声明</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">行为准则</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">开发者</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/zh.wikipedia.org">统计</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie声明</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//zh.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">手机版视图</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-rmmbn","wgBackendResponseTime":210,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.113","walltime":"0.187","ppvisitednodes":{"value":218,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":2647,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":5,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":1898,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 72.751 1 -total"," 84.92% 61.779 1 Template:Reflist"," 78.15% 56.856 1 Template:Cite_web"," 2.17% 1.581 1 Template:Longlat"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.028","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1623547,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-75879b698b-tmjkc","timestamp":"20241028100657","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u7eac\u5ea6","url":"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%BA%AC%E5%BA%A6","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q34027","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q34027","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u9879\u76ee\u8d21\u732e\u8005"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-05-28T04:21:35Z","dateModified":"2024-10-14T11:39:01Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/9e\/Mollweide_projection_SW.jpg"}</script> </body> </html>