Operative Neurosurgery

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data-slottargeting='' data-displayslug="yes" data-sticky-duration="5" data-name="Top"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-wrapper"> <div id="main-container">  <header class="header"> <div class="header__holder"> <div class="header__layout-top wk-grid-page-container"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://lww.com/_layouts/15/1033/Scripts/wk/UserToolbarDropdown.js?v=05.24.00.023" defer="true"> </script> <section class="user-action-toolbar"> <ul class="user-menu user-info" role="tablist"> <li id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_liLogin" class="user-menu__item user-menu__item--popup-container user-menu__item--login-popup-container dib"> <button class="user-menu__link user-menu__link--login js-ejp-login-btn" type="button" data-config="{"eventName":"login","eventDetail":{"source":"Masthead Dropdown"},"isNull":false}"> <i class="fa fa-sign-in"></i> <span>Log in</span> </button> </li> <li id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_liOr" class="dib or-spacing"><span>or</span></li> <li id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_liRegister2" class="user-menu__item dib"> <a id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_RegisterUserPopupLnk" class="user-menu__link js-register-link" data-config="{"eventName":"Register","eventDetail":{"source":"Masthead Dropdown"},"isNull":false}" href="https://journals.lww.com/onsonline/pages/register.aspx?ContextUrl=%2fonsonline%2fFulltext%2f2021%2f12000%2fMinimally_Invasive_Posterior_Cervical_Discectomy_.45.aspx">Register</a> </li> <li id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_liSubscribe" role="presentation" class="user-menu__item dib"> <a id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_lnkSubscribe" class="user-menu__link" href="https://shop.lww.com/p/2332-4252" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-bars"></i> <span class="hideOnFixed">Subscribe to journal</span><span class="showOnFixed">Subscribe</span></a> </li> <li id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_liIssueAlerts" class="user-menu__item dib"> <i class="fa fa-envelope"></i> <a rel="nofollow" title href="javascript:javascript: alerts_ShowSubscribeeTOCPopup('Operative Neurosurgery','onsonline','eTOC', 'eTOC');;" onclick="javascript: alerts_ShowSubscribeeTOCPopup('Operative Neurosurgery','onsonline','eTOC', 'eTOC');" class="user-menu__link"><span id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToAlertsActionToolLink_defaultText" class="hideOnFixed">Get new issue alerts</span><span id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToAlertsActionToolLink_stickyText" class="showOnFixed">Get alerts</span></a> </li> </ul> </section> <span id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_dummyTargetControl"></span> <div id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_pnlunSubscribeToAlerts" style="display: none;"> <div tabindex="-1" role="dialog" class="wk-modal horizontally-centered small wk-modal-with-overlay wk-modal-small ejp-modal"> <div id="ej-box-modal-style-1"> <div id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_pnlMain"> <div id="tocUnsubscribeModal" > <section class="wk-modal-content"> <header class="wk-modal-header ejp-modal-header"> <div class="wk-modal-title ejp-modal-title"></div> <button aria-label="close dialog" class="js-close primary-button wk-button-icon wk-modal-close ejp-modal-close "><i class="fa fa-times"></i></button> </header> <div class="wk-modal-body"> <div class="wk-field-item"> <p> <span id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_lblUnsubscribeMessage"></span> </p> <div class="wk-button-bar"> <div class="wk-button-group-left"> <p id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_pUnsubscribeButtons" Style="display: none;"> <input type="submit" name="ctl00$ctl51$Header$UserActionTools$ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl$btnContinue" value="Yes" onclick="javascript:WebForm_DoPostBackWithOptions(new WebForm_PostBackOptions("ctl00$ctl51$Header$UserActionTools$ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl$btnContinue", "", true, "", "", false, false))" id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_btnContinue" class="primary-button" /> <input type="button" value="No" id="btnCancel" aria-label="close dialog" class="js-close secondary-button" /> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="ej-clear-float"> </div> <input type="hidden" name="ctl00$ctl51$Header$UserActionTools$ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl$hiddenUnSubscribeAlertType" id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenUnSubscribeAlertType" /> <input type="hidden" name="ctl00$ctl51$Header$UserActionTools$ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl$hiddenUnsubscribeJournalId" id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenUnsubscribeJournalId" /> <input type="hidden" name="ctl00$ctl51$Header$UserActionTools$ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl$hiddenUnsubscribeMessage" id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenUnsubscribeMessage" /> <input type="hidden" name="ctl00$ctl51$Header$UserActionTools$ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl$hiddenTopicalCollectionId" id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenTopicalCollectionId" /> <input type="hidden" name="ctl00$ctl51$Header$UserActionTools$ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl$hiddenOvidId" id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenOvidId" /> <input type="hidden" name="ctl00$ctl51$Header$UserActionTools$ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl$hiddenJournalId" id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenJournalId" /> <script type="text/javascript"> function alerts_ShowUnSubscribeeTOCPopup(title, alertType, journalId) { var unSubscribeeTocPopup = $find('unSubscribeToAlerts'); var lblUnsubscribeMessage = document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_lblUnsubscribeMessage'); lblUnsubscribeMessage.innerHTML = title; document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenUnSubscribeAlertType').value = alertType; document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenUnsubscribeMessage').value = title; $('#' + 'ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_pUnsubscribeButtons').show(); if (document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenJournalId').value == null || document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenJournalId').value == '') { document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenJournalId').value = journalId; } if (unSubscribeeTocPopup != null) { unSubscribeeTocPopup.show(); } } function alerts_ShowUnSubscribeeTOCPopup_Root(title, journalId, alertType) { var unSubscribeeTocPopup = $find('unSubscribeToAlerts'); var lblUnsubscribeMessage = document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_lblUnsubscribeMessage'); lblUnsubscribeMessage.innerHTML = title; document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenUnsubscribeMessage').value = title; document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenUnSubscribeAlertType').value = alertType; document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenUnsubscribeJournalId').value = journalId; $('#' + 'ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_pUnsubscribeButtons').show(); if (unSubscribeeTocPopup != null) { unSubscribeeTocPopup.show(); } } function alerts_ShowUnSubscribeeTOCPopup_Citation(title, journalId, ovidId) { var unSubscribeeTocPopup = $find('unSubscribeToAlerts'); var lblUnsubscribeMessage = document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_lblUnsubscribeMessage'); lblUnsubscribeMessage.innerHTML = title; document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenUnsubscribeMessage').value = title; document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenUnSubscribeAlertType').value = 'Citation'; document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenUnsubscribeJournalId').value = journalId; document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenOvidId').value = ovidId; $('#' + 'ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_pUnsubscribeButtons').show(); if (unSubscribeeTocPopup != null) { unSubscribeeTocPopup.show(); } } function alerts_ShowUnSubscribeeTOCPopup_Topical(title, journalId, topicalCollectionId) { var unSubscribeeTocPopup = $find('unSubscribeToAlerts'); var lblUnsubscribeMessage = document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_lblUnsubscribeMessage'); lblUnsubscribeMessage.innerHTML = title; document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenUnsubscribeMessage').value = title; document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenUnSubscribeAlertType').value = 'Topical'; document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenUnsubscribeJournalId').value = journalId; document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenTopicalCollectionId').value = topicalCollectionId; $('#' + 'ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_pUnsubscribeButtons').show(); if (document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenJournalId').value == null || document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenJournalId').value == '') { document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_ucUnsubscribeToAlertsUserControl_hiddenJournalId').value = journalId; } if (unSubscribeeTocPopup != null) { unSubscribeeTocPopup.show(); } } function alerts_ShowUnSubscribeeTOCSuccessPopup() { var unSubscribeeTocPopup = $find('unSubscribeToAlerts'); if (unSubscribeeTocPopup != null) { unSubscribeeTocPopup.show(); } } $('.js-close').on('click', function() { var unSubscribeeTocPopup = $find('unSubscribeToAlerts'); if (unSubscribeeTocPopup != null) { unSubscribeeTocPopup.hide(); } return false; }); </script> <span id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_dummyTargetControl"></span> <input type="hidden" name="ctl00$ctl51$Header$UserActionTools$SubscribeToEtocPopupControl$hiddenSubscribeToEtocPopupState" id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_hiddenSubscribeToEtocPopupState" value="showemail" /> <input type="hidden" name="ctl00$ctl51$Header$UserActionTools$SubscribeToEtocPopupControl$hiddenConfirmSubscriptionPageUrl" id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_hiddenConfirmSubscriptionPageUrl" /> <input type="hidden" name="ctl00$ctl51$Header$UserActionTools$SubscribeToEtocPopupControl$hiddenJournalId" id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_hiddenJournalId" /> <input type="hidden" name="ctl00$ctl51$Header$UserActionTools$SubscribeToEtocPopupControl$hiddenSubscriptionType" id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_hiddenSubscriptionType" /> <div id="divPopupOverLay" class="Popup-Overlay" style="display: none; position: fixed; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 3800; width: 1920px; height: 4517px;"></div> <div id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_pnlSubscribeToEtoc" class="etoc-popup ej-box-modal-drop-shadow" style="display: none;"> <div tabindex="-1" role="dialog" class="wk-modal horizontally-centered small wk-modal-with-overlay wk-modal-small ejp-modal"> <div id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_pnlMain" onkeypress="javascript:return WebForm_FireDefaultButton(event, 'ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_btnContinue')"> <section class="wk-modal-content"> <header class="wk-modal-header ejp-modal-header"> <div class="wk-modal-title ejp-modal-title"> <span id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_lblTitle"></span> </div> <button aria-label="close dialog" class="js-close primary-button wk-button-icon wk-modal-close ejp-modal-close "> <i class="fa fa-times"></i> </button> </header> <div class="wk-modal-body"> <div class="wk-field-item"> <div class="wk-field-body"> <strong> <span id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_lblThankYouMessage"></span></strong> </div> <div class="wk-field-body"> <span id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_cvEmailError" style="color:Black;display:none;"> <div class="ej-error-message"> <p class="ej-error-message-icon error-red"> </p> </div> </span> <label for="Email input">Enter your Email address:</label> <div class="wk-field-body"> <input name="ctl00$ctl51$Header$UserActionTools$SubscribeToEtocPopupControl$txtEmailAddress" type="text" id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_txtEmailAddress" class="ej-box-modal-style-1-input" /> </div> </div> <div class="wk-button-bar"> <div class="wk-button-group-left"> <input type="submit" name="ctl00$ctl51$Header$UserActionTools$SubscribeToEtocPopupControl$btnContinue" value="Continue" onclick="javascript:WebForm_DoPostBackWithOptions(new WebForm_PostBackOptions("ctl00$ctl51$Header$UserActionTools$SubscribeToEtocPopupControl$btnContinue", "", true, "", "", false, false))" id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_btnContinue" class="primary-button" /> <input type="button" value="Cancel" id="btnCancel" class="js-close secondary-button" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wk-field-item"> <div class="wk-field-body"> <a id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_hypPrivacy" href="https://journals.lww.com/onsonline/_layouts/oaks.journals/privacy.aspx" target="_blank">Privacy Policy</a> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_pnlAuthenticatedUser" style="display: none;"> <section class="wk-modal-content"> <header class="wk-modal-header ejp-modal-header"> <div class="wk-modal-title ejp-modal-title"></div> <button aria-label="close dialog" class="js-close primary-button wk-button-icon wk-modal-close ejp-modal-close "><i class="fa fa-times"></i></button> </header> <div class="wk-modal-body"> <div class="wk-field-item"> <p> <strong> <span id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_lblAuthenticatedUserTitle"></span> </strong> </p> </div> <p id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_pAuthenticatedUserMessage"> </p> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div id="ej-clear-float"> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> function alerts_SaveSubscriptionTypeInHiddenField(url, subscriptionType, journalId, yearId, issueId, articleId) { if (journalId && yearId && issueId && articleId) { logCounterDataAlertWhenCitedSynchronously(journalId, yearId, issueId, articleId); } $('#' + 'ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_hiddenSubscriptionType').val(subscriptionType); $('#' + 'ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_hiddenJournalId').val(journalId); if (url) window.location = url; else __doPostBack('hypSubscribeToAlerts'); return false; } function alerts_ShowSubscribeeTOCPopup(journalTitle, journalId, subscriptionType, displaySubscriptionType) { $('#' + 'ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_hiddenSubscriptionType').val(subscriptionType); var subscribeToEtocPopup = $find('subscribeToEtoc'); subscribeToEtocPopup.show(); document.getElementsByTagName( 'html' )[0].classList.add('no-scroll'); var modelPopupState = document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_hiddenSubscribeToEtocPopupState'); var emailTextBox = document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_txtEmailAddress'); var thanksPanel = document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_pnlAuthenticatedUser'); var mainPanel = document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_pnlMain'); var thankYouMessageUnAuthenticated = document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_lblThankYouMessage'); var thankYouMessageAuthenticated = document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_lblAuthenticatedUserTitle'); if (!displaySubscriptionType) { displaySubscriptionType = subscriptionType; } if (modelPopupState.value == 'showthanksmessage') { thanksPanel.style.display = "block"; mainPanel.style.display = "none"; thankYouMessageAuthenticated.innerHTML = "Thank you for subscribing to the " + displaySubscriptionType + " for " + journalTitle + "."; } if (modelPopupState.value == 'showemail') { thanksPanel.style.display = "none"; mainPanel.style.display = "block"; thankYouMessageUnAuthenticated.innerHTML = "Thank you for choosing to subscribe to the " + displaySubscriptionType + " for " + journalTitle + "."; } if ($('.etoc-popup') != null) { document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_hiddenJournalId').value = journalId; if (modelPopupState.value == 'showemail') emailTextBox.focus(); } } $('.js-close').on('click', function () { document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_txtEmailAddress').value = ""; document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_cvEmailError').style.display = "none"; var pageUrl = document.getElementById('ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_SubscribeToEtocPopupControl_hiddenConfirmSubscriptionPageUrl'); var subscribeeTocPopup = $find('subscribeToEtoc'); if (subscribeeTocPopup != null) { subscribeeTocPopup.hide(); document.getElementsByTagName( 'html' )[0].classList.remove('no-scroll'); if (pageUrl.value !== '' && pageUrl.value !== window.location.pathname) window.location = pageUrl.value; } return false; }); </script> <div id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_eTocTopContainer"> <div id="eTocTop" style="display: none;"> <a rel="nofollow" title href="javascript:javascript: alerts_ShowSubscribeeTOCPopup('Operative Neurosurgery','onsonline','eTOC', 'eTOC');;" onclick="javascript: alerts_ShowSubscribeeTOCPopup('Operative Neurosurgery','onsonline','eTOC', 'eTOC');"><span id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_UserActionTools_alertLinkControlTop_defaultText" class="hideOnFixed">Subscribe to eTOC</span></a> </div> </div> <script> $(function () { //find recent searches link and move container var recentSearchesControl = $("a[id$='RecentSearches']"); if (recentSearchesControl.length) { recentSearchesControl.click(function (e) { e.stopPropagation(); if ($("#ResentSearchContainer").is(":hidden")) { $("#ResentSearchContainer").slideDown("slow"); recentSearchesControl.addClass('open'); } else { $("#ResentSearchContainer").hide(); recentSearchesControl.removeClass('open'); } }); } var eTocAccountLink = $("ul.js-user-action-toolbar__dropdown>li>a[id='SubscribeToEToc']"); if (eTocAccountLink.length) { eTocAccountLink.parent().html($("#eTocTop>a")); } }); </script> <a class="logo-secondary white" href="http://wolterskluwer.com/" target="_blank"> <h3 class="logo-secondary-text">Secondary Logo</h3> </a> <a href="#" class="sticky-search"><i class="fa fa-search"></i></a> </div> <div class="header__layout-bottom wk-grid-page-container"> <a id="hypJournals" class="logo-main" href="https://journals.lww.com/onsonline/pages/default.aspx"> <h3 class="logo-main-text">Journal Logo </h3> </a> <div class="search-v2"> <div class="search-wrapper"> <select name="ctl00$ctl51$Header$SearchTopBoxControl$ddlContentScope" id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_SearchTopBoxControl_ddlContentScope"> <option value="All">All</option> <option selected="selected" value="Articles">Articles</option> <option value="Images">Images</option> <option value="Videos">Videos</option> <option value="Podcasts">Podcasts</option> <option value="Blogs">Blogs</option> </select> <div class="input-group" id="globalSearch"> <input name="ctl00$ctl51$Header$SearchTopBoxControl$txtKeywords" type="text" value="Search" id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_SearchTopBoxControl_txtKeywords" class="form-control searchText" /> <span class="input-group-btn"> <button id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_SearchTopBoxControl_btnGlobalSearchMagnifier" type="submit" class="btn btn-default"><i class="fa fa-search"></i></button> </span> <input type="hidden" name="ctl00$ctl51$Header$SearchTopBoxControl$IsAutoCompleteEnabled" id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_SearchTopBoxControl_IsAutoCompleteEnabled" value="false" /> <input type="hidden" name="ctl00$ctl51$Header$SearchTopBoxControl$AutocompleteApiUrl" id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_SearchTopBoxControl_AutocompleteApiUrl" value="https://platformservices.wolterskluwerhealth.com/autocomplete/oneus/shingle/" /> </div> </div> <div class="advance-search" style=""> <a id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_SearchTopBoxControl_lnkAdvanceSearch" href="https://journals.lww.com/onsonline/pages/advancedsearch.aspx">Advanced Search</a> <input type="submit" name="ctl00$ctl51$Header$SearchTopBoxControl$btnGlobalSearch" value="" id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_SearchTopBoxControl_btnGlobalSearch" disabled="disabled" class="aspNetDisabled btnGlobalSearch" style="display: none;" /> <input name="ctl00$ctl51$Header$SearchTopBoxControl$hfldKeywords" type="hidden" id="ctl00_ctl51_Header_SearchTopBoxControl_hfldKeywords" class="hfldKeywords" value="disableButton" /> </div> </div> <script> $(function() { try { var objSearchBox = { btnGlobalSearchMagnifierId: 'ctl00_ctl51_Header_SearchTopBoxControl_btnGlobalSearchMagnifier', searchButtonId: 'ctl00_ctl51_Header_SearchTopBoxControl_btnGlobalSearch', txtKeywordsId: 'ctl00_ctl51_Header_SearchTopBoxControl_txtKeywords', hfldKeywordsHiddenId: 'ctl00_ctl51_Header_SearchTopBoxControl_hfldKeywords', defaultSearchText: 'Search' }; new Searchbox(objSearchBox).Init(); } catch (e) { console.error(e); } }); //autocomplete functionality for basic search //this functionality will call the SBA url and start suggesting after typing 3rd character var textKeywords = null; var hiddenAutocompleteApiUrl = null; var buttonGlobalSearch = null; $(function () { try { var objAutocomplete = { hiddenIsAutoCompleteEnabled: $('#ctl00_ctl51_Header_SearchTopBoxControl_IsAutoCompleteEnabled'), textKeywords: $('#ctl00_ctl51_Header_SearchTopBoxControl_txtKeywords'), hiddenAutocompleteApiUrl: $('#ctl00_ctl51_Header_SearchTopBoxControl_AutocompleteApiUrl'), buttonGlobalSearch: $('#ctl00_ctl51_Header_SearchTopBoxControl_btnGlobalSearch'), enableNewAutoComplete: true, newAutoCompleteUrl: 'https://dxg-search-na-prd.wkgposvc.cloud/Query.svc/Query_Expand', newAutoCompleteMaxSuggestions: '10', newAutoCompleteDictionaryIds: 'ovid_sted28_mesh22' }; autoComplete(objAutocomplete); } catch (e) { console.error(e); } }); $(function () { let searchSelect = $('select[id$="ddlContentScope"]');; if (searchSelect.length){ searchSelect.selectize(); } }); </script> </div> <div id="main-nav-container-v2"> <nav 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'Minimally Invasive Posterior Cervical Discectomy: 2-Dimensional Operative Video', '09082021', 'Seokchun Lim, Thomas Marcus Zervos, Travis Hamilton, et al', '21', '6', '\u00A9 Congress of Neurological Surgeons 2021.', '01787389-202112000-00045', '', true, ''); } </script> <div id="ArticleContainer"> <article id="ej-article-view" class="js-article-view ej-article-view" xmlns:ssr="http://ssr-eus-go-csi.cloudapp.net/v1/assets" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section class="ejp-r-article-subsection"><div class="ejp-r-article-subsection__text">DSPN SPINE VIDEO SERIES</div></section><header class="ejp-article-header"><h1 class="ejp-article-title">Minimally Invasive Posterior Cervical Discectomy: 2-Dimensional Operative Video</h1></header><section id="ejp-article-authors"><p id="P7">Lim, Seokchun MD; Zervos, Thomas Marcus MD; Hamilton, Travis MD; <i class="wki icon-orcid" onclick="javascript:ToolTip_Orcid('Chang, Victor MD', 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8580-0706');" onmouseover="javascript:ToolTip_Orcid('Chang, Victor MD', 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8580-0706');"></i>Chang, Victor MD</p><section><a href="#" id="ejp-article-authors-link"> Author Information <i class="wk-icon-arrow-down-r"></i></a></section></section><section id="ejp-article-authors-info" class="ejp-article-authors-info ejp-article-authors-info--hidden"><div class="ejp-article-authors-info-holder"> <p id="cor1"><strong xmlns:mrws="http://webservices.ovid.com/mrws/1.0">Correspondence:</strong> Victor Chang, MD, Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Blvd, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. Email: <span><a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#f499959d98809bce82979c959a93c5b49c929c87da9b8693" onclick="javascript:window.open('mailto:mailto:vchang1@hfhs.org');return false"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="c1b7a2a9a0afa6f081a9a7a9b2efaeb3a6">[email protected]</span></a></span></p> </div></section><section id="article-journal-info"><div class="ej-journal-info"><span class="ej-journal-name">Operative Neurosurgery </span><span id="ej-journal-date-volume-issue-pg"><a href="/onsonline/toc/2021/12000">21(6):p E536, November 2021.</a></span><span> | </span><span class="ej-journal-doi">DOI: </span>10.1093/ons/opab311</div></section><section id="ejp-article-indicators" class="ejp-article-indicators"><ul class="ejp-article-indicators__list"> <li id="ej-article-indicators-free" class="ejp-article-indicators__list-item" onmouseover="javascript:Tooltip_Free()" onmouseout="javascript:Tooltip_MouseOut()"><span class="ejp-indicator">Free</span></li> <li id="ej-article-indicators-inlinevideo" class="ejp-article-indicators__list-item" onmouseover="javascript:Tooltip_InlineVideo()" onmouseout="javascript:Tooltip_MouseOut()"><span class="ejp-indicator">Associated Video</span></li> </ul><button id="openArticleMetricsPopupButton" type="button" class="wk-button wk-button-ghost wk-button-icon-left ejp-article-metrics-btn" data-articleMetricsEndpoint="//services.journals.lww.com/IntegrationServices/ArticleMetricsService.svc" data-articleMetricsDetailsUrl="https://wolterskluwer.altmetric.com/details/" data-doi="10.1093/ons/opab311" data-suiteId="vrs_woltere_journalsglobalvrs" data-articlePublicationDate="2021-09-08" data-articlePublicationDateString="2021-09-08" data-receivedDate="2021-03-29" data-revisionReceivedDate="" data-acceptedDate="2021-07-04" data-crossrefRefLinkRoot="https://doi.org/" data-medlineRefLinkRoot="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/" data-pubMedId="34498688"><i class="wk-icon-filled-chart-r"></i><i class="wk-icon-filled-chart-white-r"></i> Metrics </button></section><section class="ejp-article-tabs" id="abstractWrap"><h2 class="ejp-article-tabs-heading">Abstract</h2> <div class="ejp-article-tabs__tabpanel" id="panel1" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab1"> <div id="article-abstract-content1"> <div class="ejp-article-text-abstract"> <p>Minimally invasive posterior cervical microdiscectomy is an appropriate surgical approach for patients with foraminal stenosis from herniated disc with radicular symptoms that is not responsive to conservative management. While anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) or arthroplasty is increasingly utilized to treat herniated disc, a posterior approach eliminates the risk of potential approach related injuries to the esophagus, carotid artery, or recurrent laryngeal nerve. Additional benefits of posterior decompression include avoidance of instrumentation, which represents an increased healthcare cost, as well as potential long-term risks of adjacent-level pathologies or device failures.</p> <p>鈥傾 traditional open posterior cervical approach has the potential to cause significant postoperative pain due to dissection of the paraspinal musculature and the potential for disrupting the posterior tension band with inadvertent injury to the interspinous ligaments. Such disadvantages are reduced by utilizing the minimally invasive technique where a small tubular working channel is placed through a muscle splitting technique via a paramedian approach. This technique minimizes the need for muscle stripping, and thus decreases postoperative functional and structural disturbance. Discectomy in this case can also be safely performed with minimal retraction at the axilla of the nerve root. Additionally, this approach can be utilized in an ambulatory setting, which coupled with the lack of any additional instrumentation helps contribute to the overall healthcare cost savings of such a procedure.</p> <p>鈥僒his video describes how the minimally invasive posterior cervical discectomy can be effectively and safely performed in this illustrative case. The patient consented to the procedure and publication.</p> </div> </div> </div></section><div class="ejp-fulltext-content js-ejp-fulltext-content"><section id="ArticleBody"><p id="JCL-P-3"> <p id="video1"> <div id="video1"></div><figure id="div-video1" class="ejp-r-article-video kaltura-video-player js-media-asset-container" data-asset-type="video" data-player-type="single">{"href":"Single Video Player","role":"media-player-id","content-type":"play-in-place","position":"float","orientation":"portrait","label":"VIDEO 1","caption":"Minimally Invasive Posterior Cervical Discectomy: 2-Dimensional Operative Video","object-id":[{"pub-id-type":"doi","id":""},{"pub-id-type":"other","content-type":"media-stream-id","id":"1_ce2tktd1"},{"pub-id-type":"other","content-type":"media-source","id":"Kaltura"}]}</figure></p> </p> <h3 class="ejp-article-outline-heading" data-level="2" id="sec1-1">Funding</h3> <p id="JCL-P-4">This study did not receive any funding or financial support.</p> <h3 class="ejp-article-outline-heading" data-level="2" id="sec1-2">Disclosures</h3> <p id="JCL-P-5">The authors have no personal, financial, or institutional interest in any of the drugs, materials, or devices described in this article. Dr Chang receives research funding from Medtronic, who was not involved in this project, specifically. He is a consultant for Globus Medical, K2M, and SpineGuard.</p></section><section id="article-references" class="article-references js-article-references"></section><div><strong>Keywords:</strong><p id="">Cervical discectomy; Minimally invasive technique</p> </div><section class="ej-article-copyright">漏 Congress of Neurological Surgeons 2021.</section></div><button class="ejp-toggle-fulltext-button js-ejp-toggle-fulltext-button">View full article text</button></article> </div> </div> <div id="article-metrics"> <div id="article-metrics-container"> </div> </div> <div id="ctl00_ctl29_g_9d8d8345_79ae_4158_b5f4_0e00a33d4d27_ctl00_divOutlineHTML"></div> <script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://lww.com/_layouts/15/1033/Scripts/wk/SlideShowPopup.js?v=05.24.00.023" defer="true"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" 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