CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "www.worldscientific.com",cType: 'managed',cRay: '8e85e26f89ee5f5a',cH: 'J4ddz6gGoNhIX2gM06.yGPs.gjs7K4EEKFOCiPu3p1I-1732582228-1.2.1.1-sRdQv.pEm7a58cXCDIohEHVls329GpJiE04.iOcRgH8DxbgGN.3aVWQ9s49YL_.a',cUPMDTk: "\/page\/contact-journal?__cf_chl_tk=PNW65CPCp2p5IZJgB5UWF6vo4Rg0893KQOtc7rzQgrI-1732582228-1.0.1.1-NUWji5BPzfzM7nCv6qK8oRXzG2oY2XhMlRjXSWLsTwE",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1732582228',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/page\/contact-journal?__cf_chl_f_tk=PNW65CPCp2p5IZJgB5UWF6vo4Rg0893KQOtc7rzQgrI-1732582228-1.0.1.1-NUWji5BPzfzM7nCv6qK8oRXzG2oY2XhMlRjXSWLsTwE",md: "tv8VO7K2otp0kRTPkSEUU.M1_9eIzdSSeOm2u7HEYmw-1732582228-1.2.1.1-uhNI47mz4enlPsW1Ic44KSt7LHRzYGnwv.AKagGfpacwnEKZu8xBrPdpE7MwAiYm3clTFwxjeITYFrWnBMUOwXnJz0zQ4MXSd.SvPETNYWk2ngx3Rb3x5zz5mWJUb6JIJqqgozhDJr8AjAEyF9doHLEZ_x6cC3u8ItipU_aDk0o65NA9OcJazSyBkkl5.rNoTW7__crtDHJPw6BaBKfb..mYt8a5Up_k2KhVzjeCkGtMQsxfsm77A7PKsxZ496KgLglsEhGuQ_jhVfYy6sZUA6pj8V1eMTUYhY5.U9CYw0OFwmsU6L9f4kiz_nrhZIbqZ4HKEHuKOL2IyPTX4LWCt9tdQAW7LudgINewOFF5Fi5GK7pAReiX91t7LaXV9FqXDOe_fegsjA.9pQKwjuRvVs8iif3TbQ0Xhg7.5r2x7WBNxMw015YdABaCf53.oigmxn4G26Ll6pc1zNNg.L7Yb2.m5N7iOXzMV9VVKteZXHskIS2dTwmqXueVKrE27TTHYdNb6kS99goZjvV2usdgjoByTSPjcmgM0ep2u9ghgktsPsLW8j0VvYcyIBYSKYeeK0Vy0aeBrPWT39haJzUua5wV6GzY85JpFqGDJJwXTibpnC8E5S9hMmxEresDlSxljBFz5QTgBsSrLaJPfkpQONl5zpSF8KsbVV7_k0v8SpmjHHM40X7KsAKv3ARcg.ym6RzJ2gNVJCyQuhBIXhQ0Th_H.hQ1JvC.IZ6PkvJf6ZDe9jEXObnS9FsNeZK7kDcPzOZOk87sgYV9F1P2I733gq51IL6fNdICQF6_6mAe6Jt8FXSIiNyZiR7Gctdz2xl7Dx71DedbJj5CE87E488wo737Tw4clV9gE_pZFtyuC57j7KK.imzNpqQqKk5kBjF1.P4mYT_ekwn11C.el5WI7zw08rCDxKT8iJN6AQTTv8O4FThI2ktezCwwfsS99s.qJWQVRENE_c30ZOzOKQqUKS8jEsElX4in0SNtxZLYBm86bmp_SplPUyJzvh2wis1xcKAepZ8BJ3Ewvo83uq6hEc8tX8ExxcfrAGt8x45hb5Y9zwYN5Ec4hiqLnUUV1ZjKU.4dKGcnItXCCQT2FqfNajCL0MvhRliTyVJl4q2O4wrE8MkwL8m_UQu8dTvcYFEo2SXCQzvEJNZzRp5ssO.l1tQ0TjSkb.AvGfIKg4aipXJ5m8P_7laMGHAFrC4rbPSPiQ.jZ_xo_efb4Ly2vanklT7Nf_Cz8ZHb7y7.I1wh8xUjZnA5t2jLIun1ZWe27jvOhkvJQj2aETIT7.FmN2fPy_JNbHnEtglbAxUMOa8qwSRp8C0tl2_g6pVb428jAoh696PKxH8r3F3dzTBEAkgCoeZqLDtPFE09uo7WR58fnB_pMyqUPlcxIiHF0dLjGR9Qha4j1kHHwmnPOSfGimrcAwpz2swpr3j6GGt57g_cbvAZt6uH6krj2bqJ5fxEKwuXkt2Lurn2KwiY4sb6eveVKKDOaBLOFmX8EUhWZ0E8Gh8KPdXNyovZMqm80Y06my0.jqPnk4jsFU8qtLoAGAo7juJf1bgIycLOSlHlj8zGGM1hx6D2bImyKVDcUcJswoOK2.IGocBcEsMt9EnB2jgVfPwaYm9USAS3uRF5E.YzN.TeN0UDrknRb8JyqKg8T.kUH4QdDG5k7kb.VMOMgaoxsC0z3a79y1VUtIEQLORVOHe95uGfXkxoN8ilA27MU7itNyBOUC6xjPKWDqBXKloJLvEUqemR43q7Y.oC1_DntpXhlldFAiuvPbwA_Z_WCGZ8N58UiEDnCJG8onCR0xKsA.v7vNyLsmi9MMn7YifQzlpXaMQ7M0u4fX0s12ZQtKnwQixHzAC7EPAyQxe8s5jJw4mfTaV1wOZ55dHkIdwb44Q0py8SdYo0LAkZneoSK5JsusQdSLIBewmo1VE_cbKfyStw_dBW6mMcJiA4P5.1JfE.5.xQ5Qrf9TCMuqlldxAmKOydhrRjM3VU9mPP6ttkuAfW_NJ3i3wHNsngRcPNjoE0HYpx09YnRWky5x9WzBlcnuq2uQUnddkkXo0zsV.IVs9ifVvvfnaUKwd_Hn8Zpt1r.LeGLDO5P9udgqPDOToXpyI.u4vuRZ7ua73R1CZYMyijWyx7tcCTPVEuLVxPG6vJkmD06B5k.F9nhe5Wl0iSZSDihmW3XPzS6I4_C3HLfUKBNJWl60eh1ZRF6rQapulX3WrGrINa5kKRQbGbq7oxD3hCqHmf2sb_5xd8pV9cTJovErcJhAK9GtVNxJt3WOrJL0twVFlwaLl8_xc6pD_qqH_3p9b3ep0PUUzpMz8yWSH_uQqhTUYFjhZD5oNk1UFcJkZLD7f9Lt8z1BuFhkBbpwuwZ2ATHyDLR1Ze.rq3KPB4kLATfuQK8APzlYFQE4MiZT.hzmdlzprPe5U.sCnsXgKdCaZmRtKQpdUDmNkU1g5ovu9LcyjqY51TLBksUTN74LeQdRfTgaxY9yclPejNho_GO06x8sse7XqqYe8wpvpdrH2h_v9ETVvY2NS_ZpQicCdHcHhDRwRPIj60OZUjYp1f6oUONMoXX0INZHV0dLvXA_2BTwuXWDqxR_Mi1Kin9e6o.6MKuEDvB56pqttqMZmVUnCjCPgLLUAk7iVF1gVcaQPTUDxIGexFfRH.OnMWspHJu3i.sEvgKLZsE5Ser2ma1jzNTM6nL6.zY.qidapRzqg3d.AEzAoCZVad2XKpoL405HycvBhZPv3MC6htLSH.fVkjyTq_irOsvsonrzBmKHH0LZXJGJJKmygFx4z8zcFy8ZCXxpxlDInKd.GBrup3uDRDhBdkIqYvyCm_eNroop5K2G4yXxJQ.3uPJzBduxN0HL6a2H.83wlzI9QGq.qXZ.ryr_JHR7Y9wG72LS1C9qfjkTb.2koohQiLMUz20UWVbLD_lv0J8HlRMUFmubXAC_Wfcm.M9AlU5Smt2mdqIz40PxeqpeYNXiI2o80",mdrd: "iOrIamQG40SPjSZISnsBDF0sFv124i7pr.HSqfFDZFY-1732582228-1.2.1.1-1Ozq0bAganpd.FhbKou2_tSVLhqbuGNCdUaCYPGJPjWNCsZ45YcA1jUhG25F_mQZnBJC3LZsIcHQjE.cYvLITgm7DXAcbJAXW59hSDq_OzO8XUfiWjbftaFwTv_bskq4jvtEk6fwZsHTTZMGzvAbYq7aZ0F7efhQ4cJuRR..q8BpOJOxdIAuAlvYtJa7tSkTQCCR6wlbLoH8BUNcbEiPKjiKathdoqh4DoymGkkl6krCvwprZiebAiHaD8j30xxdDbFT5q9tOda_3R1ONofxGZP2Zw2jc__Rrm3UuTF2WuaYZdmgpywwF2yvySEex3iFDHffIcxaVSPbR9d.DP9R8zYZZ.1SfJfizwDCbSxxd2H7fxUZIkAd5xOXYbtAaN_V8KHJIn6CYMxavRMs6at6w1YUaCI38WWvDv5G3mBLngxMPc_syJVVBHGydbi0Ngh0Luo4dhyuqCDrrRKbpX18NHy7P5ko1HjexH6gDDwyz4ZC6hJGvIvTprcXCnyYczDNqwzjtDLYfcQOk.3vtC2rhgiko270hsSZqVsP49aZz.8t4YTmrkgA27hqy1iyAlaB.tUhb8mcjwTMrkxGRFHf5QUrfgW_ICXy4hS1MZF7o_tlkvEZjjU2MU9NA9K9999fN.bNTgIQRzPPH2wOzrYBcf3N8_yw5yzymmc6Ls5Y_Cjym.BCyTj1RYYRPdQrDLCIcSsTTu6b0D_V03v1R3DD0ReUgY1QHxWPfq_LfdD7.CvIf8Gj0XMJuVUul6J7ad.UJDMXi.RvWv6R2ubkkbCfXEGTv4K00zPviNX84RolDeRlniegJ1Uf8qsO70Zt8V.pFIIH_N3xAleNyp0Hlapl7ciuFb2vNRsHVwiOwRxnOrg0KAdrYDRGLWH6pn3nAR6QeGrSYQKg35a45AIOXrwZQ2UCqPhb0Edgh.vODD4MNsw_uhEu4JHvAKvxDTmRbM4FZtj86MjLuy1ybf_F30EcjDfVSrT122105vcbCOHxDE8tpqOtle.hCluIQ89AvKpsGxzGr18ovl8QaDjxrr2DzahWqSFDMwHUxwF7L.lljFyU46JAF73JaedOaBhxIHhk.WRylbYD5SqY5rkST2.ifvu669_xv6DDrd1.0nyRSeXM35Ka0JnvPqS0cTJAcXcS3I1F2WYxrd74VwtfxwIB4DWMm0s1uTdLIWpD0Y2CM2ZptqKMsI8A6kx.4WCum0rr6uRwAvgl7q_lOOHA9R2JGT0V2ezSR1PD8HB67xFlUT9uIX69VZT8iTvC14HMupJEBVnOJPJ3gtSRO1GTUr6wsm7hzpJirsx4NcsasKo8f0mUsHRt57ixP_ps6wceuFYJSDIrs4Qvsoy_CURLKJDf.4_JOGS1HMKRwNUJ5YO.4drrboo.lOv0K7foVPhu8Ed1H9UZxy5qhWm1Jrk9Dpgf3OXZtsf0Lm3DPEybr6zKbQROZHNrPt93ZpGuuvgItHc8ZdIGGqHE1cTy8XWD63c8VN05Mr8nXAmRE9_f2zENIPnpGm3Y2wEmf8fTxgmHZi2YW9ZlKtt5pMAV0Iesbvj5R7F2TZfeSJh4iwmnTaW177oVuBnlrU_uCALDWXo6GHoWd_n1uJlNQFrHLfPi2..FOTVCBiIXtz7Y6WqjU2zzY67ICqVDgrwVDPE4w8_J1YfA89HR43pPRLzBbKQYmr_8fZmwBqEFvSTSAnvy.Mke1xWAYPqXFMpJjesY9QUBX2mtMtKRcaBLLG_hw5Gnc37syKHbdtaSaisRZBFfueKJdGEYQf2vSyoRaBnLUw9jDdvwwa_.NAaqdDE8qQB5VXMoeJIQeYAnLFeM665F_VEO_QEbq7UvVhau8sbVqNkNdCRv6GzrWnqVLnkH5aA.Kq9HZPO1g5IVNo6hvhvQ4ZBIbEs68Lfk9utquVvmsH6gzR7TwNtCekza8P4KD91a84q4R2kvb.6wN.rc9Mn_AaXFW6RfKXhal4WJXXkDvTX4r9lxb7fo9mHxMBIhQZuL7w2hhQ"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=8e85e26f89ee5f5a';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/page\/contact-journal?__cf_chl_rt_tk=PNW65CPCp2p5IZJgB5UWF6vo4Rg0893KQOtc7rzQgrI-1732582228-1.0.1.1-NUWji5BPzfzM7nCv6qK8oRXzG2oY2XhMlRjXSWLsTwE" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>