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Pentru înscriere de articole la concurs (nominalizări), condiții de eligibilitate, punctare și alte detalii, vă rugăm să accesați \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Concurs_de_scriere\" title=\"Wikipedia:Concurs de scriere\"\u003Epagina\u0026#160;concursului\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E.\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv style=\"clear: both;\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Cuprins" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Cuprins</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Început</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Metode_tradiționale" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metode_tradiționale"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Metode tradiționale</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metode_tradiționale-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-În_prezent" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#În_prezent"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>În prezent</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-În_prezent-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referințe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referințe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Referințe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referințe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Tăbăcire</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 51 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Looiery" title="Looiery – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Looiery" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%A9" title="دباغة – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دباغة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Дубленне – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Дубленне" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A9%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Щавене – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Щавене" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adoberia" title="Adoberia – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Adoberia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vy%C4%8Di%C5%88ov%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Vyčiňování – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vyčiňování" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerben" title="Gerben – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gerben" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CF%85%CF%81%CF%83%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%B5%CF%88%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Βυρσοδεψία – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βυρσοδεψία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanning_(leather)" title="Tanning (leather) – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Tanning (leather)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanado" title="Tanado – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tanado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curtido" title="Curtido – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Curtido" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahaparkimine" title="Nahaparkimine – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nahaparkimine" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larrua_ontze" title="Larrua ontze – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Larrua ontze" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%BA%DB%8C" title="دباغی – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دباغی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parkitseminen" title="Parkitseminen – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Parkitseminen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tannage" title="Tannage – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tannage" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BAdaireacht" title="Súdaireacht – irlandeză" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Súdaireacht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curtume" title="Curtume – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Curtume" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jima" title="Jima – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Jima" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA" title="בורסקאות – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בורסקאות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%A8" title="चर्मशोधन – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="चर्मशोधन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Դաբաղում – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դաբաղում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penyamakan" title="Penyamakan – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Penyamakan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BAtun" title="Sútun – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sútun" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concia" title="Concia – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Concia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AC%B4%EB%91%90%EC%A7%88" title="무두질 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="무두질" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D2%AF%D2%AF" title="Тери иштетүү – kârgâză" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Тери иштетүү" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kârgâză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gierwerei" title="Gierwerei – luxemburgheză" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Gierwerei" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%8A%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BD" title="തുകൽ ഊറയ്ക്കിടൽ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തുകൽ ഊറയ്ക്കിടൽ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samak" title="Samak – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Samak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leerlooien" title="Leerlooien – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Leerlooien" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garving" title="Garving – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Garving" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garving" title="Garving – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Garving" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garbowanie" title="Garbowanie – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Garbowanie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curtume" title="Curtume – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Curtume" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Дубление – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дубление" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0tavljenje" title="Štavljenje – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Štavljenje" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B8" title="සම් පදම්කිරීම – singhaleză" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සම් පදම්කිරීම" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singhaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanning" title="Tanning – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tanning" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vy%C4%8Di%C5%88ovanie_ko%C5%BEe" title="Vyčiňovanie kože – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vyčiňovanie kože" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strojenje" title="Strojenje – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Strojenje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabak%C3%ABt" title="Tabakët – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Tabakët" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0tavljenje" title="Štavljenje – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Štavljenje" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garvning" title="Garvning – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Garvning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="தோல் பதப்படுத்தல் – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தோல் பதப்படுத்தல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D3%A3" title="Чармгарӣ – tadjică" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Чармгарӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabaklama" title="Tabaklama – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tabaklama" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Дублення – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Дублення" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oshlash" title="Oshlash – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Oshlash" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thu%E1%BB%99c_da" title="Thuộc da – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thuộc da" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9E%A3%E5%88%B6" title="鞣制 – chineză" lang="zh" 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class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspect</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Igualada-Museu_de_la_Pell_(7).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Igualada-Museu_de_la_Pell_%287%29.JPG/230px-Igualada-Museu_de_la_Pell_%287%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="230" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Igualada-Museu_de_la_Pell_%287%29.JPG/345px-Igualada-Museu_de_la_Pell_%287%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Igualada-Museu_de_la_Pell_%287%29.JPG/460px-Igualada-Museu_de_la_Pell_%287%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="819" data-file-height="614" /></a><figcaption>Instalaţie de tăbăcit la muzeul din <a href="/wiki/Igualada" title="Igualada">Igualada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spania" title="Spania">Spania</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Tăbăcirea</b>, <b>dubirea</b> sau <b>argăsirea</b> este procesul de prelucrare a pieilor și blănurilor, cu ajutorul diferitelor substanțe, pentru a le conferi acestora o durată de viață mai lungă, impermeabilitate, flexibilitate, elasticitate și rezistență.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Metode_tradiționale"><span id="Metode_tradi.C8.9Bionale"></span>Metode tradiționale</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C4%83b%C4%83cire&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Metode tradiționale" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C4%83b%C4%83cire&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Metode tradiționale"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>În antichitate, tăbăcirea era considerată un procedeu nociv și se efectua în afara orașelor sau în mahalalele sărace. Acest lucru nu s-a schimbat mult nici în prezent datorită faptului că în metodele tradiționale de tăbăcire se degajă mirosuri urâte. În jurul anului 2500 î.e.n. sumerienii au fost cei care au început să folosească prima dată pielea, pe care o utilizau la îmbrăcarea roților căruțelor. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Tanned_leather.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Tanned_leather.JPG/230px-Tanned_leather.JPG" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Tanned_leather.JPG/345px-Tanned_leather.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Tanned_leather.JPG/460px-Tanned_leather.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Piei tăbăcite în <a href="/wiki/Marrakesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Marrakesh">Marrakesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maroc" title="Maroc">Maroc</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Cei care tăbăceau luau pieile le înmuiau în apă, aici îndepăratau resturile de carne și grăsimi de pe ele, apoi le muiau în <a href="/wiki/Urin%C4%83" title="Urină">urină</a> pentru a muia blana și de a o face mai suavă după care o băgau în saramură. Odată ce pielea devenea flexibilă și suavă o raclau cu un cuțit pentru a-i îndepărta părul. Odată acest lucru obținut ungeau pieile cu <a href="/wiki/Baleg%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Balegă">balegă</a> sau alte materii fecale animale sau cu o soluție realizată din creierul animalelor. De asemenea, mai erau tratate cu ulei de cedru, <a href="/wiki/Alaun" title="Alaun">alaun</a> și <a href="/wiki/Tanin" title="Tanin">tanin</a> și se întindea treptat odată cu pierderea apei și cu absorbirea soluțiilor de dubit. Resturile de la pieile tăbăcite se băgau într-un vas cu apă și se lăsau așa luni de zile, timp în care bucățile de piele se dezintegrau. Apoi vasul se punea pe foc pentru a scădea apa din el și astfel se obținea <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clei — pagină inexistentă">cleiul</a> folosit la lipirea pieilor. În vechime din pielea dubită se realizau teci, ghete, cizme, hamuri, hățuri, șei, sandale, genți, armuri, curele sau ploști. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="În_prezent"><span id=".C3.8En_prezent"></span>În prezent</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C4%83b%C4%83cire&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: În prezent" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C4%83b%C4%83cire&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: În prezent"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prelucrarea pieilor începe prin tratarea acestora cu <a href="/wiki/Sare" class="mw-disambig" title="Sare">sare</a>. Acest lucru se poate face prin presărarea cu sare umedă pe piei și apoi legarea acestora în pachete și lăsarea lor timp de 30 de zile sau prin introducerea pieilor în <a href="/wiki/Saramur%C4%83" title="Saramură">saramură</a> timp de 16 ore după care se scoate, se clătește cu apă și se introduce într-o soluție de var care are rolul de a suaviza pielea. După aceasta se îndepărtează părul de pe suprafața pieilor cu ajutorul unor mașini de tuns sau cuțite. În funcție de tipul pielii, acestea se pot trata cu diferite enzime pentru a deveni mai moi. În ultima fază pieile sunt curățate de resturile de carne, grăsimi și piele, se lasă în apă o perioadă cuprinsă între 6 ore și 2 zile și pentru a le feri de distrugere prin creșterea unor culturi de bacterii pe suprafața acestora se tratează cu <a href="/wiki/Biocid" title="Biocid">biocizi</a> precum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentaclorofenol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pentaclorofenol — pagină inexistentă">pentaclorofenol</a>. </p><p>Tăbăcirea se poate realiza cu substanțe vegetale sau minerale. În tăbăcirea cu substanțe vegetale se folosește <a href="/wiki/Tanin" title="Tanin">taninul</a>. Taninul se extrage din scoarța unor copaci precum <a href="/wiki/Castan" class="mw-disambig" title="Castan">castan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stejar" title="Stejar">stejar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tsuga" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsuga">tsuga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cire%C8%99" title="Cireș">cireș</a>, etc. Pieile se întind pe rame din lemn care apoi se scufundă într-o soluție de tanin. Pielea tăbăcită cu ajutorului taninului devine foarte moale și pentru aceasta este folosită în realizarea genților sau în tapițarea mobilei. </p><p>În tăbăcirea minerală se folosește <a href="/wiki/Crom" title="Crom">cromul</a>. Tăbăcirea cu crom este mai rapidă decât cea vegetală și pieile brute tratate cu crom sunt albastre. Procesul de tăbăcire minerală durează mai puțin de o zi iar pielea astfel obținută este ideală pentru realizarea îmbrăcămintei din piele. </p><p>Depinzând de scopul final, pielea poate fi ceruită, lubricată, injectată cu ulei, tunsă sau vopsită. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referințe"><span id="Referin.C8.9Be"></span>Referințe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C4%83b%C4%83cire&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Referințe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C4%83b%C4%83cire&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Referințe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://dexonline.ro/definitie/t%C4%83b%C4%83cire">http://dexonline.ro/definitie/t%C4%83b%C4%83cire</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://dexonline.ro/definitie/Arg%C4%83sire">http://dexonline.ro/definitie/Arg%C4%83sire</a></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Adus de la <a dir="ltr" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tăbăcire&oldid=9447271">https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tăbăcire&oldid=9447271</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categorii" title="Special:Categorii">Categorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Artizanat" title="Categorie:Artizanat">Artizanat</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ultima editare a paginii a fost efectuată la 4 mai 2015, ora 18:24.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Acest text este disponibil sub licența <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ro">Creative Commons cu atribuire și distribuire în condiții identice</a>; pot exista și clauze suplimentare. 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