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href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Act_of_Violence" title="Act of Violence – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Act of Violence" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akt_der_Gewalt" title="Akt der Gewalt – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Akt der Gewalt" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acto_de_violencia" title="Acto de violencia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Acto de violencia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84_%D8%AE%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA_(%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85)" title="عمل خشونت (فیلم) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عمل خشونت (فیلم)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Act_of_Violence" title="Act of Violence – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Act of Violence" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acte_de_violence" title="Acte de violence – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Acte de violence" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%A1%ED%8A%B8_%EC%98%A4%EB%B8%8C_%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4%EC%98%AC%EB%9F%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="액트 오브 바이올런스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="액트 오브 바이올런스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atto_di_violenza" title="Atto di violenza – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Atto di violenza" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Act_of_Violence" title="Act of Violence – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Act of Violence" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akt_przemocy" title="Akt przemocy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Akt przemocy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC,_1948)" title="Акт насилия (фильм, 1948) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Акт насилия (фильм, 1948)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenen_on_kosto" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1948 film by Fred Zinnemann</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Violence_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Act of Violence (disambiguation)">Act of Violence (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;">Act of Violence</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:ActofViolence.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/dd/ActofViolence.jpg/220px-ActofViolence.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="421" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/dd/ActofViolence.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="228" data-file-height="436" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Theatrical release poster</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Directed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Screenplay by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Richards" title="Robert L. Richards">Robert L. Richards</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Story by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Collier_Young" title="Collier Young">Collier Young</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Produced by</th><td class="infobox-data">William H. Wright</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Starring</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Van_Heflin" title="Van Heflin">Van Heflin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Ryan" title="Robert Ryan">Robert Ryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Leigh" title="Janet Leigh">Janet Leigh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Cinematography</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Surtees_(cinematographer)" title="Robert Surtees (cinematographer)">Robert Surtees</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Edited by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Conrad_A._Nervig" title="Conrad A. Nervig">Conrad A. Nervig</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Music by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bronislau_Kaper" class="mw-redirect" title="Bronislau Kaper">Bronislau Kaper</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Production<br />company</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="vertical-align: middle;"><a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Distributed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Loews_Cineplex_Entertainment" title="Loews Cineplex Entertainment">Loew's Inc.</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Release date</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist film-date"> <ul><li>January 22, 1949<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1949-01-22</span>)</span> (New York City)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Running time</div></th><td class="infobox-data">82 minutes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data">$1,290,000<sup id="cite_ref-Mannix_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mannix-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Box office</th><td class="infobox-data">$1,129,000<sup id="cite_ref-Mannix_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mannix-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Act of Violence</b></i> is a 1949 American <a href="/wiki/Film_noir" title="Film noir">film noir</a> directed by <a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> and starring <a href="/wiki/Van_Heflin" title="Van Heflin">Van Heflin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Ryan" title="Robert Ryan">Robert Ryan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Janet_Leigh" title="Janet Leigh">Janet Leigh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Astor" title="Mary Astor">Mary Astor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Phyllis_Thaxter" title="Phyllis Thaxter">Phyllis Thaxter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was produced by <a href="/wiki/Hollywood,_Los_Angeles" title="Hollywood, Los Angeles">Hollywood</a> studio <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a>. Adapted for the screen by <a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Richards" title="Robert L. Richards">Robert L. Richards</a> from a story by <a href="/wiki/Collier_Young" title="Collier Young">Collier Young</a>, the film confronts the ethics of war and was one of the first to address the problems of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> veterans.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style></p><div class="toclimit-2"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Act_of_Violence&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Plot"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After surviving a Nazi <a href="/wiki/Prisoner-of-war_camp" title="Prisoner-of-war camp">POW camp</a> where comrades were murdered by guards during an escape attempt, Frank Enley is respected for his fine character and good works in the small California town of Santa Lisa, where he, his young wife Edith and baby had settled after moving from the East. What his wife does not know is that Frank moved them in an attempt to escape the fall-out from events in that WWII prison camp. </p><p>Frank has a nemesis, Joe Parkson, once his best friend, who lived through the ordeal and was left with a crippled leg. Unable to convince Joe not to make an escape attempt, Frank had alerted the SS Nazi camp commander to the prisoners' plan, taking the camp commandant at his word that he would "go easy" on the men. The prisoners were bayonetted and left to die, and only Joe survived by playing dead. Joe is now determined to exact justice on Frank, whose location he has learned from a newspaper story commending Enley for his civic endeavors. </p><p>Joe's girlfriend, Ann Sturgess, knows everything about her man, but cannot dissuade him from his passion to right past wrongs by seeing Frank dead. Joe confronts Edith at their house and tells her the truth about Frank. </p><p>Doggedly pursued by Joe, Frank goes to a trade convention at a Los Angeles hotel. Edith shows up to hear the truth straight from her husband, before fleeing back home. Joe finds Frank and they scuffle. Frank runs through downtown Los Angeles and ends up on Skid Row, where he is picked up in a bar by a woman, Pat, who introduces him to a shady lawyer, Gavery, and a thug for hire, Johnny. A drunken Frank gives Johnny the information he needs to lure Joe into an ambush at the Santa Lisa train station. </p><p>Waking from his drunken binge, Frank regrets the deal. He goes home and tries to persuade Edith that it is all over. While she is seeing to their child, he leaves and goes to the station to warn Joe. Johnny is waiting with a gun, but as he fires, Frank jumps in front of Joe and is hit. Frank manages to grab Johnny as he speeds off in his car, causing it to crash into a lamppost, killing Johnny. Frank falls into the street near the fiery crash and dies. Joe, realizing what Frank has done, kneels by his old captain and tells the surrounding crowd that he will be the one to tell Frank's wife about her husband's death. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cast">Cast</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Act_of_Violence&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cast"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Van_Heflin" title="Van Heflin">Van Heflin</a> as Frank R. Enley</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Ryan" title="Robert Ryan">Robert Ryan</a> as Joe Parkson</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Leigh" title="Janet Leigh">Janet Leigh</a> as Edith Enley</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Astor" title="Mary Astor">Mary Astor</a> as Pat</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_Thaxter" title="Phyllis Thaxter">Phyllis Thaxter</a> as Ann Sturgess</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berry_Kroeger" title="Berry Kroeger">Berry Kroeger</a> as Johnny</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Holmes" title="Taylor Holmes">Taylor Holmes</a> as Gavery</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Antrim" title="Harry Antrim">Harry Antrim</a> as Fred Finney</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connie_Gilchrist" title="Connie Gilchrist">Connie Gilchrist</a> as Martha Finney</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_Wright_(actor)" title="Will Wright (actor)">Will Wright</a> as Pop</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Act_of_Violence&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Principal photography on <i>Act of Violence</i> took place from May 17 to mid-July 1948, with added scenes shot in late August 1948. Location shooting included scenes at <a href="/wiki/Big_Bear_Lake,_California" title="Big Bear Lake, California">Big Bear Lake</a> and the <a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino_National_Forest" title="San Bernardino National Forest">San Bernardino National Forest</a>, California, accompanied by filming at the <a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures_Studios" title="Sony Pictures Studios">MGM Studios</a> in Culver City. Some of the nighttime city scenes were shot in the slum neighborhoods of Los Angeles.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Originally adapted from unpublished story by Collier Young, before he embarked on a career as an independent producer with his future wife <a href="/wiki/Ida_Lupino" title="Ida Lupino">Ida Lupino</a>, the film was intended to be a small, independent film. <a href="/wiki/Howard_Duff" title="Howard Duff">Howard Duff</a> was to be the star, but when MGM picked up the rights, <a href="/wiki/Gregory_Peck" title="Gregory Peck">Gregory Peck</a> was to be paired with <a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Bogart" title="Humphrey Bogart">Humphrey Bogart</a> in the leading roles. Robert Ryan was lent to MGM by <a href="/wiki/RKO_Pictures" title="RKO Pictures">RKO Pictures</a> for the production.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Act of Violence</i> was the third film made by Ryan in 1948, following <i><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Express" title="Berlin Express">Berlin Express</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Return_of_the_Badmen" class="mw-redirect" title="Return of the Badmen">Return of the Badmen</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Director Fred Zinnemann said that <i>Act of Violence</i> was the first film in which he felt he had full control of all the aspects of film-making.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Act_of_Violence&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to MGM records, <i>Act of Violence</i> earned $703,000 in the US and Canada and $426,000 overseas, resulting in a loss of $637,000.<sup id="cite_ref-Mannix_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mannix-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critical_response">Critical response</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Act_of_Violence&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Critical response"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Bosley_Crowther" title="Bosley Crowther">Bosley Crowther</a>, reviewing the film for <i>The New York Times</i>, emphasized that it was a director's "tour de force. For this latter asset of the picture, we have Mr. Zinnemann to thank. He has pictured, at least, a visual setting for terror and violence and he has kept the pursued and the pursuer going at a grueling pace. In the former role, Van Heflin strains and sweats impressively. As his relentless pursuer, Robert Ryan is infernally taut. Mr. Zinnemann has also extracted a tortured performance from Janet Leigh as the fearful, confused and disillusioned wife of the hunted man and he has got squalid portraits of scoundrels from Mary Astor, Berry Kroeger and Taylor Holmes."<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Variety</i> gave <i>Act of Violence</i> a positive review, writing "The grim melodrama implied by its title is fully displayed in <i>Act of Violence</i>...tellingly produced and played to develop tight excitement...The playing and direction catch plot aims and the characterizations are all topflight thesping. Heflin and Ryan deliver punchy performances that give substance to the menacing terror...It's grim business, unrelieved by lightness, and the players belt over their assignments under Zinnemann's knowing direction. Janet Leigh points up her role as Heflin's worried but courageous wife, while Phyllis Thaxter does well by a smaller part as Ryan's girl. A standout is the brassy, blowzy femme created by Mary Astor—a woman of the streets who gives Heflin shelter during his wild flight from fate."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Film reviewer Roger Westcombe, writing for the <i>Big House Film Society</i>, considers <i>Act of Violence</i> unsettling, and wrote "<i>Act of Violence</i>...with a profundity, through its unsettling moral continuum, redolent not of Hollywood simplicities of good/evil but of the art one associates with Zinnemann's European background. This contains a clue. Fred and his brother escaped their native Austria in 1938, but their parents, waiting for U.S. visas that never came, perished—separately—in concentration camps. The '<a href="/wiki/Survivor_guilt" title="Survivor guilt">survivor guilt</a>' this awful closing engendered must resemble the emotional see-saw ride which fiction like the ethical pendulum of <i>Act of Violence</i> can only start to expiate."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Currently, it holds a 90% "Fresh" rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 10 reviews.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Act_of_Violence&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Awards and honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fred Zinnemann was nominated for the Grand Prize of the Festival at the <a href="/wiki/1949_Cannes_Film_Festival" title="1949 Cannes Film Festival">1949 Cannes Film Festival</a> for his work on <i>Act of Violence</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-festival-cannes.com_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-festival-cannes.com-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Act_of_Violence&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/24696"><i>Act of Violence</i></a> at the <em><a href="/wiki/AFI_Catalog_of_Feature_Films" title="AFI Catalog of Feature Films">AFI Catalog of Feature Films</a></em></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mannix-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mannix_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mannix_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mannix_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"The Eddie Mannix Ledger." <i>Margaret Herrick Library, Center for Motion Picture Study</i> (Los Angeles).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSilver2010" class="citation book cs1">Silver, Alain (2010). <i>Film Noir: The Encyclopedia</i>. Overlook Duckworth. p. 25. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0715638804" title="Special:BookSources/978-0715638804"><bdi>978-0715638804</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Film+Noir%3A+The+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=25&rft.pub=Overlook+Duckworth&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0715638804&rft.aulast=Silver&rft.aufirst=Alain&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAct+of+Violence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Film review: 'Act of Violence'." <i><a href="/wiki/Harrison%27s_Reports_and_Film_Reviews" title="Harrison's Reports and Film Reviews">Harrison's Reports</a></i>, December 25, 1948, p. 206.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/2421/act-of-violence#film-details">"Original print information: 'Act of Violence'."</a> <i>Turner Classic Movies</i>. Retrieved: September 17, 2022.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stafford, Jeff. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/2421/act-of-violence#articles-reviews?articleId=85841">"Articles: 'Act of Violence'."</a> <i>Turner Classic Movies</i>. Retrieved: September 17, 2022.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jarlett 1997, p. 32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Muller, Eddie (January 27, 2019) Intro to the <a href="/wiki/Turner_Classic_Movies" title="Turner Classic Movies">Turner Classic Movies</a> showing of <i>Act of Violence</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Crowther, Bosley. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=990CEED6143AE33BBC4C51DFB7668382659EDE">"Movie review: 'Act of Violence,' a Metro film with Van Heflin, Janet Leigh, new feature at Criterion.:</a> <i>The New York Times</i>, January 24, 1949. Retrieved: May 7, 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/1948/film/reviews/act-of-violence-1200416348">"Film review: 'Act of Violence'."</a> <i>Variety</i>. December 21, 1948, p. 6. Retrieved: September 17, 2022.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Westcombe, Roger. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040108053813/http://www.bighousefilm.com/reviews/act_of_violence.htm">"Film review: 'Act of Violence'."</a> <i>Big House Film Society</i>,'2008. Retrieved: May 7, 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/act_of_violence"><i>Act of Violence</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-festival-cannes.com-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-festival-cannes.com_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/4155/year/1949.html">"Festival de Cannes: 'Act of Violence'."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091003201833/http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/4155/year/1949.html">Archived</a> October 3, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>festival-cannes.com</i>. Retrieved: May 7, 2016.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Act_of_Violence&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Jarlett, Franklin (1997) <i>Robert Ryan: A Biography and Critical Filmography</i>. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-0476-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-0476-6">978-0-7864-0476-6</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Act_of_Violence&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/24696"><i>Act of Violence</i></a> at the <em><a href="/wiki/AFI_Catalog_of_Feature_Films" title="AFI Catalog of Feature Films">AFI Catalog of Feature Films</a></em></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0041088/"><i>Act of Violence</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmovie.com/movie/v83108"><i>Act of Violence</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/AllMovie" title="AllMovie">AllMovie</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/2421/enwp"><i>Act of Violence</i></a> at the <a href="/wiki/Turner_Classic_Movies" title="Turner Classic Movies">TCM Movie Database</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i0oZACCHDB8"><span class="plainlinks"><i>Act of Violence</i> film trailer</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Redes_(film)" title="Redes (film)">Redes</a></i> (1936)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/That_Mothers_Might_Live" title="That Mothers Might Live">That Mothers Might Live</a></i> (1938)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stuffie_(film)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stuffie (film) (page does not exist)">Stuffie</a></i> (1940)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Forbidden_Passage" title="Forbidden Passage">Forbidden Passage</a></i> (1941)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Kid_Glove_Killer" title="Kid Glove Killer">Kid Glove Killer</a></i> (1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Eyes_in_the_Night" title="Eyes in the Night">Eyes in the Night</a></i> (1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Seventh_Cross_(film)" title="The Seventh Cross (film)">The Seventh Cross</a></i> (1944)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Mister_Jim" title="Little Mister Jim">Little Mister Jim</a></i> (1946)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/My_Brother_Talks_to_Horses" title="My Brother Talks to Horses">My Brother Talks to Horses</a></i> (1947)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Search" title="The Search">The Search</a></i> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Act of Violence</a></i> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Men_(1950_film)" title="The Men (1950 film)">The Men</a></i> (1950)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Benjy_(film)" title="Benjy (film)">Benjy</a></i> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Teresa_(1951_film)" title="Teresa (1951 film)">Teresa</a></i> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/High_Noon" title="High Noon">High Noon</a></i> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Member_of_the_Wedding_(film)" title="The Member of the Wedding (film)">The Member of the Wedding</a></i> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/From_Here_to_Eternity" title="From Here to Eternity">From Here to Eternity</a></i> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma!_(1955_film)" title="Oklahoma! (1955 film)">Oklahoma!</a></i> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/A_Hatful_of_Rain" title="A Hatful of Rain">A Hatful of Rain</a></i> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Nun%27s_Story_(film)" title="The Nun's Story (film)">The Nun's Story</a></i> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sundowners_(1960_film)" title="The Sundowners (1960 film)">The Sundowners</a></i> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Behold_a_Pale_Horse_(film)" title="Behold a Pale Horse (film)">Behold a Pale Horse</a></i> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/A_Man_for_All_Seasons_(1966_film)" title="A Man for All Seasons (1966 film)">A Man for All Seasons</a></i> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Day_of_the_Jackal_(film)" title="The Day of the Jackal (film)">The Day of the Jackal</a></i> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Julia_(1977_film)" title="Julia (1977 film)">Julia</a></i> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Five_Days_One_Summer" title="Five Days One Summer">Five Days One Summer</a></i> (1982)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Act_of_Violence&oldid=1253818158">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Act_of_Violence&oldid=1253818158</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1949_films" title="Category:1949 films">1949 films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1949_crime_drama_films" title="Category:1949 crime drama films">1949 crime drama films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_black-and-white_films" title="Category:American black-and-white films">American black-and-white films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_chase_films" title="Category:American chase films">American chase films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_crime_drama_films" title="Category:American crime drama films">American crime drama films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Film_noir" title="Category:Film noir">Film noir</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_films_about_revenge" title="Category:American films about revenge">American films about revenge</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_directed_by_Fred_Zinnemann" title="Category:Films directed by Fred Zinnemann">Films directed by Fred Zinnemann</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_scored_by_Bronis%C5%82aw_Kaper" title="Category:Films scored by Bronisław Kaper">Films scored by Bronisław Kaper</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_set_in_California" title="Category:Films set in California">Films set in California</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_shot_in_Big_Bear_Lake,_California" title="Category:Films shot in Big Bear Lake, California">Films shot in Big Bear Lake, California</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer_films" title="Category:Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940s_chase_films" title="Category:1940s chase films">1940s chase films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940s_English-language_films" title="Category:1940s English-language films">1940s English-language films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940s_American_films" title="Category:1940s American films">1940s American films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English-language_crime_drama_films" title="Category:English-language crime drama films">English-language crime drama films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English-language_action_thriller_films" title="Category:English-language action thriller films">English-language action thriller films</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rotten_Tomatoes_ID_same_as_Wikidata" title="Category:Rotten Tomatoes ID same as Wikidata">Rotten Tomatoes ID same as Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rotten_Tomatoes_template_using_name_parameter" title="Category:Rotten Tomatoes template using name parameter">Rotten Tomatoes template using name parameter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Template_film_date_with_1_release_date" title="Category:Template film date with 1 release date">Template film date with 1 release date</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 28 October 2024, at 01:45<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; 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