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/.navbar-collapse --> </div> <!-- /.container-fluid --> </nav> </nav> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <main role="main"> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a> <div class="container-fluid cern-page-display-page cern-page-display-landing_page"> <div class="has-no-column wrapper-center col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div class="region region-content"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <div data-history-node-id="5762" class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="field field--name-field-component field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field--items"> <div class="field--item"> <div class="component-row component-row__display__fluid section-navigation component-row__has-header effect_none is_full_height"> <div class="background__veil"></div> <div class="background-component background__cds_media" style="height: 100%;"> <figure class="cds-image" data-record-id="39437" data-filename="" id="CERN-GE-9407011-31"> <a href="//cds.cern.ch/images/CERN-GE-9407011-31" title="View on CDS"> <img alt="Tim Berners-Lee, World Wide Web inventor" src="//cds.cern.ch/images/CERN-GE-9407011-31/file?size=large"/> </a> <figcaption> <span> (Image: CERN)</span> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="component-row__row"> <div class="component-row__column component-row__center section-has-no-column col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div class="box-effects-wrapper "> <div class="cern-component-header-blocks component-header"> <div id="header-blocks--2" class="owl-carousel owl-theme component-header__carousel header-carousel"> <div class="header-block"> <div class="header-block__title"> <span > <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li > <a href="/science">science</a> </li> <li > <a href="/science/computing">computing</a> </li> <li > birth web </li> <li class="active"> The birth of the Web </li> </ol> </span> <h3 class="header-block__name" > <span>The birth of the Web</span> <span class="header-block__name__underline"></span> </h3> <span class="header-block__subhead" ><hr> <p class="text-align-center">The World Wide Web was invented by British scientist Tim Berners-Lee in 1989 while working at CERN</p> </span> </div> </div> </div> <span class="component-header__scroll"></span> </div> <a class="endof-cern-header-blocks"></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="component-row component-row__display__centered section-navigation effect_none"> <div class="component-row__row"> <div class="component-row__column component-row__center section-has-no-column col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div class="box-effects-wrapper "> <div class="component-margin component-margin-small" ></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="component-row component-row__display__centered section-navigation effect_none"> <div class="component-row__row"> <div class="component-row__column component-row__center section-has-no-column col-md-9 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div class="box-effects-wrapper "> <div class="text-component text-component-page clearfix"> <div class="text-component-text cern_full_html"> <p>Tim Berners-Lee, a British scientist, invented the World Wide Web (WWW) in 1989, while working at CERN. The web was originally conceived and developed to meet the demand for automated information-sharing between scientists in universities and institutes around the world.</p> </div> </div> <div class="text-component text-component-page clearfix"> <div class="text-component-text cern_full_html"> <figure class="cds-image" id="CERN-HOMEWEB-PHO-2019-004-1"><a href="//cds.cern.ch/images/CERN-HOMEWEB-PHO-2019-004-1" title="View on CDS"><img alt="home.cern,Accelerators" src="//cds.cern.ch/images/CERN-HOMEWEB-PHO-2019-004-1/file?size=large"></a><figcaption>Screenshot of the recreated page of the first website<span> (Image: CERN)</span></figcaption></figure> </div> </div> <div class="text-component text-component-page clearfix"> <div class="text-component-text cern_full_html"> <p>The first website at CERN – and in the world – was dedicated to the World Wide Web project itself and was hosted on Berners-Lee's NeXT computer. In 2013, CERN launched <a href="https://first-website.web.cern.ch/">a project to restore this first ever website</a>: <a href="http://info.cern.ch">info.cern.ch</a>.</p> <p>On 30 April 1993, CERN put the World Wide Web software in the public domain. Later, CERN made a release available with an open licence, a more sure way to maximise its dissemination. These actions allowed the web to flourish.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="component-row__column component-row__sidebar-right col-md-3 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div id="preview-card--5" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern simple-display landing_page" style="background:url('//cds.cern.ch/images/CERN-PHOTO-201809-235-1/file?size=medium') no-repeat center center / cover" data-background="//cds.cern.ch/images/CERN-PHOTO-201809-235-1/file?size=medium" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern simple-display landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/science/computing/birth-web/short-history-web"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__veil"></div> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3><a href="/science/computing/birth-web/short-history-web" title="A short history of the Web"> <span style="color:"> A short history of the Web </span> </a></h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="preview-card--6" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern simple-display landing_page" style="background:url('//cds.cern.ch/images/CERN-IT-9001001-01/file?size=small') no-repeat center center / cover" data-background="//cds.cern.ch/images/CERN-IT-9001001-01/file?size=small" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern simple-display landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/science/computing/birth-web/licensing-web"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__veil"></div> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3><a href="/science/computing/birth-web/licensing-web" title="Licensing the Web"> <span style="color:"> Licensing the Web </span> </a></h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="component-row component-row__display__centered section-navigation effect_none"> <div class="component-row__row"> <div class="component-row__column component-row__center section-has-no-column col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div class="box-effects-wrapper "> <div id="preview-card--10" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern portrait landing_page" style="background:url('/sites/default/files/2023-09/Screenshot_2018-10-09%20The%20World%20Wide%20Web%20project.png') no-repeat center center / cover" data-background="/sites/default/files/2023-09/Screenshot_2018-10-09%20The%20World%20Wide%20Web%20project.png" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern portrait landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__veil"></div> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3><a href="http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html" title="Browse the first website"> <span style="color:"> Browse the first website </span> </a></h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Discover the World Wide Web’s humble beginnings with this earliest incarnation </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="preview-card--11" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern portrait landing_page" style="background:url('/sites/default/files/2023-09/blessing-blog.jpg') no-repeat center center / cover" data-background="/sites/default/files/2023-09/blessing-blog.jpg" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern portrait landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="https://cern.ch/worldwideweb"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__veil"></div> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3><a href="https://cern.ch/worldwideweb" title="The WorldWideWeb browser"> <span style="color:"> The WorldWideWeb browser </span> </a></h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Surf the Web using a recreation the first browser that was written in 1990 </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="preview-card--12" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern portrait landing_page" style="background:url('//cds.cern.ch/images/CERN-HOMEWEB-PHO-2019-004-1/file?size=medium') no-repeat center center / cover" data-background="//cds.cern.ch/images/CERN-HOMEWEB-PHO-2019-004-1/file?size=medium" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern portrait landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="http://line-mode.cern.ch/"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__veil"></div> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3><a href="http://line-mode.cern.ch/" title="The line-mode browser"> <span style="color:"> The line-mode browser </span> </a></h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> The line-mode browser, launched in 1992, was the first readily accessible browser for the Web </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="component-row component-row__display__centered section-navigation effect_none"> <div class="component-row__row"> <div class="component-row__column component-row__center section-has-no-column col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div class="box-effects-wrapper "> <div class="views-element-container form-group"> <div class="horizontal-boxes view view-news-microviews view-id-news_microviews view-display-id-block_10 js-view-dom-id-b97f3f50d4d8b3ebd1fe2937f1f80840fa9c3f65715c3fbc5bd1344c31389fe6 cern-view-display-block cern-view-display-block_10 clearfix"> <h1 class="mb-3 mt-3 text-center">Opinions</h1> <div class="view-content clearfix"> <div class="carousel-cern-item row"> <div class="horizontal-boxes-row views-row col-md-4"> <div data-history-node-id="2994" id="preview-card--13" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern landing_page" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/news/opinion/computing/cern-effect"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3 class="standard-title"> <a href="/news/opinion/computing/cern-effect" hreflang="en" title="The CERN effect"> <span> The CERN effect </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Computing </div> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Opinion </div> <div class="preview-card__author"><a href="/authors/sijbrand-de-jong" hreflang="en">Sijbrand de Jong</a></div> <div class="preview-card__date" style="color:"> <time datetime="2016-04-19T13:18:19Z">19 April, 2016</time> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="horizontal-boxes-row views-row col-md-4"> <div data-history-node-id="2414" id="preview-card--14" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern landing_page" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/news/opinion/computing/internet-prehistory-cern"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3 class="standard-title"> <a href="/news/opinion/computing/internet-prehistory-cern" hreflang="en" title="Internet prehistory at CERN"> <span> Internet prehistory at CERN </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Computing </div> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Opinion </div> <div class="preview-card__author"><a href="/authors/ben-segal" hreflang="en">Ben Segal</a></div> <div class="preview-card__date" style="color:"> <time datetime="2014-04-09T07:12:27Z">9 April, 2014</time> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="horizontal-boxes-row views-row col-md-4"> <div data-history-node-id="2409" id="preview-card--15" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern landing_page" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/news/opinion/computing/minimising-muddle"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3 class="standard-title"> <a href="/news/opinion/computing/minimising-muddle" hreflang="en" title="Minimising the muddle"> <span> Minimising the muddle </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Computing </div> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Opinion </div> <div class="preview-card__author"><a href="/authors/peggie-rimmer" hreflang="en">Peggie Rimmer</a></div> <div class="preview-card__date" style="color:"> <time datetime="2014-03-12T08:56:28Z">12 March, 2014</time> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-cern-item row"> <div class="horizontal-boxes-row views-row col-md-4"> <div data-history-node-id="2408" id="preview-card--16" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern landing_page" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/news/opinion/computing/good-old-bitnet-and-rise-world-wide-web"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3 class="standard-title"> <a href="/news/opinion/computing/good-old-bitnet-and-rise-world-wide-web" hreflang="en" title="Good old Bitnet, and the rise of the World Wide Web"> <span> Good old Bitnet, and the rise of the World Wi... </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Computing </div> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Opinion </div> <div class="preview-card__author"><a href="/authors/richard-jacobsson" hreflang="en">Richard Jacobsson</a></div> <div class="preview-card__date" style="color:"> <time datetime="2014-03-12T08:51:50Z">12 March, 2014</time> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="horizontal-boxes-row views-row col-md-4"> <div data-history-node-id="2407" id="preview-card--17" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern landing_page" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/news/opinion/computing/open-internet-and-free-web"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3 class="standard-title"> <a href="/news/opinion/computing/open-internet-and-free-web" hreflang="en" title="On the open internet and the free web"> <span> On the open internet and the free web </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Computing </div> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Opinion </div> <div class="preview-card__author"><a href="/authors/david-foster" hreflang="en">David Foster</a></div> <div class="preview-card__date" style="color:"> <time datetime="2014-03-12T08:47:13Z">12 March, 2014</time> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="horizontal-boxes-row views-row col-md-4"> <div data-history-node-id="2406" id="preview-card--18" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern landing_page" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/news/opinion/computing/not-all-vague-and-much-more-exciting"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3 class="standard-title"> <a href="/news/opinion/computing/not-all-vague-and-much-more-exciting" hreflang="en" title="Not at all vague and much more than exciting"> <span> Not at all vague and much more than exciting </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Computing </div> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Opinion </div> <div class="preview-card__author"><a href="/authors/maria-dimou" hreflang="en">Maria Dimou</a></div> <div class="preview-card__date" style="color:"> <time datetime="2014-03-12T08:43:41Z">12 March, 2014</time> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-cern-item row"> <div class="horizontal-boxes-row views-row col-md-4"> <div data-history-node-id="2388" id="preview-card--19" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern landing_page" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/news/opinion/computing/why-bring-back-line-mode-browser"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3 class="standard-title"> <a href="/news/opinion/computing/why-bring-back-line-mode-browser" hreflang="en" title="Why bring back the line-mode browser?"> <span> Why bring back the line-mode browser? </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Computing </div> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Opinion </div> <div class="preview-card__author"><a href="/authors/dan-noyes" hreflang="en">Dan Noyes</a></div> <div class="preview-card__date" style="color:"> <time datetime="2013-09-19T11:29:29Z">19 September, 2013</time> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="horizontal-boxes-row views-row col-md-4"> <div data-history-node-id="2381" id="preview-card--20" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern landing_page" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/news/opinion/computing/how-internet-came-cern"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3 class="standard-title"> <a href="/news/opinion/computing/how-internet-came-cern" hreflang="en" title="How the internet came to CERN"> <span> How the internet came to CERN </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="preview-card__body"></div> <div class="preview-cards__subtext"> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Computing </div> <div class="preview-card__category" style="color:"> Opinion </div> <div class="preview-card__author"><a href="/authors/francois-fluckiger" hreflang="en">François Flückiger</a></div> <div class="preview-card__date" style="color:"> <time datetime="2013-06-27T07:09:36Z">27 June, 2013</time> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="horizontal-boxes-row views-row col-md-4"> <div data-history-node-id="2371" id="preview-card--21" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern landing_page" class="component-preview-cards box-pattern landing_page"> <a class="box-link" target="" href="/news/opinion/computing/twenty-years-free-and-open-www"></a> <div class="component-preview-cards__box_wrapper"> <div class="component-preview-cards__box"> <div class="preview-card__title"> <h3 class="standard-title"> <a href="/news/opinion/computing/twenty-years-free-and-open-www" hreflang="en" title="Twenty years of a free and open www"> <span> Twenty years of a free and 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