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aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle History subsection </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Europe </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ancient" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1.1 Ancient </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1.2 Middle Ages </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-16th–present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#16th–present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1.3 16th–present </div> </a> <ul id="toc-16th–present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middle_East" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_East"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Middle East </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_East-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-East_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#East_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 East Asia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-East_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 South Asia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Americas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Americas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Americas </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Americas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Economics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Laws" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Laws"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Laws </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Laws-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Laws subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Laws-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Decriminalization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Decriminalization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Decriminalization </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Decriminalization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legalization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legalization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Legalization </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legalization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Abolitionism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abolitionism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Abolitionism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abolitionism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Neo-abolitionism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neo-abolitionism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Neo-abolitionism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neo-abolitionism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prohibitionism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prohibitionism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Prohibitionism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prohibitionism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Survival_sex" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Survival_sex"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Survival sex </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Survival_sex-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Survival sex subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Survival_sex-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Drug_addicts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drug_addicts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Drug addicts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Drug_addicts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Homeless" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Homeless"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Homeless </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Homeless-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Refugees" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Refugees"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Refugees </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Refugees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Illegal_migrants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Illegal_migrants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Illegal migrants </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Illegal_migrants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caste_prostitutes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caste_prostitutes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Caste prostitutes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caste_prostitutes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elderly" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elderly"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.6 Elderly </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elderly-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Forced_prostitution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Forced_prostitution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Forced prostitution </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Forced_prostitution-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Forced prostitution subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Forced_prostitution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Use_of_children" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use_of_children"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Use of children </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Use_of_children-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sex_care_for_the_disabled" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sex_care_for_the_disabled"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Sex care for the disabled </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sex_care_for_the_disabled-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Procurement_methods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Procurement_methods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Procurement methods </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Procurement_methods-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Procurement methods subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Procurement_methods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Street" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Street"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Street </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Street-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Window_prostitution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Window_prostitution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Window prostitution </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Window_prostitution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brothels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brothels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Brothels </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brothels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Escorts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Escorts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 Escorts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Escorts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sex_tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sex_tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.5 Sex tourism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sex_tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Virtual_sex" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Virtual_sex"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.6 Virtual sex </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Virtual_sex-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Organization </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organization-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Organization subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Labor_unions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Labor_unions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Labor unions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Labor_unions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Communities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Communities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Communities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Communities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prevalence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prevalence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Prevalence </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prevalence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Violence_against_prostitutes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Violence_against_prostitutes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Violence against prostitutes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Violence_against_prostitutes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medical_situation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medical_situation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Medical situation </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Medical_situation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Medical situation subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Medical_situation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Psychological_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Psychological_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Psychological issues </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Psychological_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Prostitution</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 112 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-112" aria-hidden="true" > 112 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitusie" title="Prostitusie – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Prostitusie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitution" title="Prostitution – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Prostitution" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C5%8Drd%C5%8Dm" title="Hōrdōm – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Hōrdōm" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="دعارة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دعارة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="পতিতাবৃত্তি – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="পতিতাবৃত্তি" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostituci%C3%B3n" title="Prostitución – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Prostitución" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahi%C5%9F%C9%99lik" title="Fahişəlik – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fahişəlik" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="فاحیشه‌لیک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فاحیشه‌لیک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="পতিতাবৃত্তি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পতিতাবৃত্তি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A8ng-kau-e%CC%8Dk" title="Sèng-kau-e̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sèng-kau-e̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Прастытуцыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Прастытуцыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Прастытуцыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Прастытуцыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitusyon" title="Prostitusyon – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Prostitusyon" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Проституция – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Проституция" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schnoin" title="Schnoin – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Schnoin" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%A8%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%9A%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8D" title="སྨད་འཚོང་མ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྨད་འཚོང་མ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitucija" title="Prostitucija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Prostitucija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gasterezh" title="Gasterezh – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Gasterezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostituci%C3%B3" title="Prostitució – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Prostitució" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Проституци – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Проституци" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostituce" title="Prostituce – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Prostituce" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chipfambi" title="Chipfambi – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chipfambi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puteindra" title="Puteindra – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Puteindra" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitution" title="Prostitution – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Prostitution" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitution" title="Prostitution – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Prostitution" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitutsioon" title="Prostitutsioon – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Prostitutsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Πορνεία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πορνεία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Put%C3%A0na" title="Putàna – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Putàna" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostituci%C3%B3n" title="Prostitución – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Prostitución" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostituo" title="Prostituo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Prostituo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostituzio" title="Prostituzio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Prostituzio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="تن‌فروشی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تن‌فروشی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitution" title="Prostitution – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Prostitution" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostit%C3%BAsje" title="Prostitúsje – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Prostitúsje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striapachas" title="Striapachas – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Striapachas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C3%B9rsachd" title="Siùrsachd – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Siùrsachd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostituci%C3%B3n" title="Prostitución – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Prostitución" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EB%A7%A4%EB%A7%A4" title="성매매 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="성매매" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karuwanci" title="Karuwanci – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Karuwanci" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B3%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Մարմնավաճառություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մարմնավաճառություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="वेश्यावृत्ति – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वेश्यावृत्ति" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitucija" title="Prostitucija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Prostitucija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitucado" title="Prostitucado – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Prostitucado" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelacuran" title="Pelacuran – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pelacuran" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitution" title="Prostitution – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Prostitution" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitution" title="Prostitution – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Prostitution" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allatuqti" title="Allatuqti – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Allatuqti" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target">Iñupiatun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A6ndi" title="Vændi – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Vændi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostituzione" title="Prostituzione – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Prostituzione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA" title="זנות – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="זנות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitusi" title="Prostitusi – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Prostitusi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%83%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF" title="ವೇಶ್ಯಾವೃತ್ತಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವೇಶ್ಯಾವೃತ್ತಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%B7%D3%A9%D0%BA%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Жезөкшелік – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жезөкшелік" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukahaba" title="Ukahaba – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ukahaba" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%C5%9Ffiro%C5%9F%C3%AE" title="Laşfiroşî – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Laşfiroşî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meretricium" title="Meretricium – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Meretricium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostit%C5%ABcija" title="Prostitūcija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Prostitūcija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitucija" title="Prostitucija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Prostitucija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostituzion" title="Prostituzion – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Prostituzion" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostit%C3%BAci%C3%B3" title="Prostitúció – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Prostitúció" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="वेश्यावृत्ति – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="वेश्यावृत्ति" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Проституција – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Проституција" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%B4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BF" title="ലൈംഗികത്തൊഴിലാളി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ലൈംഗികത്തൊഴിലാളി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="دعاره – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="دعاره" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مول زنان – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مول زنان" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelacuran" title="Pelacuran – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pelacuran" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%8A%E1%80%B7%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%86%E1%80%AC" title="ပြည့်တန်ဆာ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပြည့်တန်ဆာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitutie" title="Prostitutie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Prostitutie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="वेश्यावृत्ति – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="वेश्यावृत्ति" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A3%B2%E6%98%A5" title="売春 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="売春" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitusjon" title="Prostitusjon – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Prostitusjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitusjon" title="Prostitusjon – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Prostitusjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitucion" title="Prostitucion – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Prostitucion" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fohishalik" title="Fohishalik – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fohishalik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80" title="ਵੇਸਵਾਗਮਨੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵੇਸਵਾਗਮਨੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%87" title="ځانپلورنه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ځانپلورنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostytucja" title="Prostytucja – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Prostytucja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitui%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Prostituição – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Prostituição" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitu%C8%9Bie" title="Prostituție – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Prostituție" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%27itayay" title="Q'itayay – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Q'itayay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Проституция – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Проституция" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitucioni" title="Prostitucioni – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Prostitucioni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostituzzioni" title="Prostituzzioni – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Prostituzzioni" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="ගණිකාව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ගණිකාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitution" title="Prostitution – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Prostitution" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B3%D9%85_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%8A" title="جسم فروشي – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="جسم فروشي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostit%C3%BAcia" title="Prostitúcia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Prostitúcia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitucija" title="Prostitucija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Prostitucija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BB%D1%AB%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%A3%D1%A7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%A5_%E2%80%A2%D0%B7%D0%B0_%E2%80%A2_%D0%BC%D1%A3%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%B5" title="Блѫдодѣѧниѥ •за • мѣноѵ – Church Slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Блѫдодѣѧниѥ •за • мѣноѵ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Church Slavic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhillaysigu" title="Dhillaysigu – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Dhillaysigu" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%95%D8%B4%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%86%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="لەشفرۆشی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="لەشفرۆشی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Проституција – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Проституција" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitucija" title="Prostitucija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Prostitucija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostituutio" title="Prostituutio – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Prostituutio" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitution" title="Prostitution – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Prostitution" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patutot" title="Patutot – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Patutot" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="பால்வினைத் தொழில் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பால்வினைத் தொழில்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afsad" title="Afsad – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Afsad" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taclḥit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%88%D3%99%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Фахишәлек – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Фахишәлек" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="వ్యభిచారం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వ్యభిచారం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B5" title="การค้าประเวณี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การค้าประเวณี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuhu%C5%9F" title="Fuhuş – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fuhuş" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Проституція – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Проституція" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%85%D8%AA_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="عصمت فروشی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عصمت فروشی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaindang" title="Gaindang – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Gaindang" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitusion" title="Prostitusion – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Prostitusion" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BA%A1i_d%C3%A2m" title="Mại dâm – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mại dâm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitusyon" title="Prostitusyon – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Prostitusyon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%80%A7%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93" title="性交易 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="性交易" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA" title="זנות – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="זנות" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B3%A3%E6%B7%AB" title="賣淫 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="賣淫" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%80%A7%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93" title="性交易 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="性交易" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36633#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Prostitution" 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navigation-not-searchable">Several terms redirect here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Prostitute_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Prostitute (disambiguation)">Prostitute (disambiguation)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Whore_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Whore (disambiguation)">Whore (disambiguation)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harlot_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Harlot (disambiguation)">Harlot (disambiguation)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Strumpet_(film)" title="Strumpet (film)">Strumpet (film)</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hookers_(song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hookers (song)">Hookers (song)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Prostitution</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki-prostitute_CROPPED.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Wiki-prostitute_CROPPED.png/250px-Wiki-prostitute_CROPPED.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Wiki-prostitute_CROPPED.png/375px-Wiki-prostitute_CROPPED.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Wiki-prostitute_CROPPED.png/500px-Wiki-prostitute_CROPPED.png 2x" data-file-width="781" data-file-height="767" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">An illustration depicting <a href="/wiki/Street_prostitution" title="Street prostitution">street prostitution</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Occupation</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Activity sectors</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sex_industry" title="Sex industry">Sex industry</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Description</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Related jobs</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Stripper" title="Stripper">Stripper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pornographic_film_actor" title="Pornographic film actor">porn actor</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Sex_and_the_law" title="Sex and the law">Sex and the law</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Scale_of_justice_2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scale_of_justice_2.svg/100px-Scale_of_justice_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scale_of_justice_2.svg/150px-Scale_of_justice_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scale_of_justice_2.svg/200px-Scale_of_justice_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="204" data-file-height="208" /></a></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#5CB3FF;"> Social issues</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_consent_in_law" title="Sexual consent in law">Consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_and_reproductive_health_and_rights" title="Sexual and reproductive health and rights">Reproductive rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homophobia" title="Homophobia">Homophobia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Criminalization_of_homosexuality" title="Criminalization of homosexuality">Criminalization</a> · <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_for_homosexuality" title="Capital punishment for homosexuality">Capital punishment</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBTQ rights">LGBTQ rights</a> (<a href="/wiki/Legality_of_conversion_therapy" title="Legality of conversion therapy">Conversion therapy</a> · <a href="/wiki/Decriminalization_of_homosexuality" title="Decriminalization of homosexuality">Decriminalization</a> · <a href="/wiki/Civil_union" title="Civil union">Civil union</a> · <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">Same-sex marriage</a> · <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_adoption" title="Same-sex adoption">Adoption</a> · <a href="/wiki/Intersex_human_rights" title="Intersex human rights">Intersex</a> · <a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_transgender_people" title="Legal status of transgender people">Transgender</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent" title="Age of consent">Age of consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriageable_age" title="Marriageable age">Marriageable age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedophile_advocacy_groups" title="Pedophile advocacy groups">Pedophile advocacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deviant_sexual_intercourse" title="Deviant sexual intercourse">Deviant sexual intercourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miscegenation" title="Miscegenation">Miscegenation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_norm" title="Sexual norm">Norms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_morality" title="Public morality">Public morality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisexualism" title="Antisexualism">Antisexualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_ethics" title="Sexual ethics">Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_objectification" title="Sexual objectification">Objectification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornography" title="Pornography">Pornography</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pornography_laws_by_region" title="Pornography laws by region">Laws</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_law" title="Prostitution law">Prostitution law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-light_district" title="Red-light district">Red-light district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reproductive_rights" title="Reproductive rights">Reproductive rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_sexuality" title="Right to sexuality">Right to sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_industry" title="Sex industry">Sex industry</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sex_workers%27_rights" title="Sex workers' rights">Workers' rights</a> · <a href="/wiki/Decriminalization_of_sex_work" title="Decriminalization of sex work">Decriminalization</a> · <a href="/wiki/World_Charter_for_Prostitutes%27_Rights" title="World Charter for Prostitutes' Rights">World Charter</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survival_sex" title="Survival sex">Survival sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodily_integrity" title="Bodily integrity">Bodily integrity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circumcision_and_law" title="Circumcision and law">Circumcision</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#5CB3FF;"> Specific offences (varies by jurisdiction)</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adultery" title="Adultery">Adultery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adultery_laws" title="Adultery laws">Laws</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-miscegenation_laws" title="Anti-miscegenation laws">Anti-miscegenation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-miscegenation_laws_in_the_United_States" title="Anti-miscegenation laws in the United States">U.S. laws</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoophilia" title="Zoophilia">Bestiality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_grooming" class="mw-redirect" title="Child grooming">Child grooming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_pornography" title="Child pornography">Child pornography</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legality_of_child_pornography" title="Legality of child pornography">Laws</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_prostitution" title="Child prostitution">Child prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_transmission_of_HIV" title="Criminal transmission of HIV">Criminal transmission of HIV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cybersex_trafficking" title="Cybersex trafficking">Cybersex trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_genital_mutilation" title="Female genital mutilation">Female genital mutilation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forcible_touching" title="Forcible touching">Forcible touching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fornication" title="Fornication">Fornication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legality_of_incest" title="Legality of incest">Incest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obscenity" title="Obscenity">Obscenity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_obscenity_law" title="United States obscenity law">U.S. law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procuring_(prostitution)" title="Procuring (prostitution)">Pimping</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prostitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forced_prostitution" title="Forced prostitution">forced</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procuring_(prostitution)" title="Procuring (prostitution)">procuring</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indecent_exposure" title="Indecent exposure">Public indecency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laws_regarding_rape" title="Laws regarding rape">Rape</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statutory_rape" title="Statutory rape">statutory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marital_rape" title="Marital rape">marital</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revenge_porn" title="Revenge porn">Revenge porn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seduction_(tort)" title="Seduction (tort)">Seduction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking" title="Sex trafficking">Sex trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexting" title="Sexting">Sexting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abuse" title="Sexual abuse">Sexual abuse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Child_sexual_abuse" title="Child sexual abuse">child</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_assault" title="Sexual assault">Sexual assault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_harassment" title="Sexual harassment">Sexual harassment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_slavery" title="Sexual slavery">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sodomy_law" title="Sodomy law">Sodomy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sodomy_laws_in_the_United_States" title="Sodomy laws in the United States">U.S. laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_sodomy" title="Female sodomy">Female sodomy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Section_63_of_the_Criminal_Justice_and_Immigration_Act_2008" title="Section 63 of the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008">UK Section 63 (2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_violence" title="Sexual violence">Violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking" title="Human trafficking">Trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voyeurism" title="Voyeurism">Voyeurism</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#5CB3FF;"> Sex offender registration</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sex_offender_registry" title="Sex offender registry">Sex offender registry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_offender_registries_in_the_United_States" title="Sex offender registries in the United States">Sex offender registries in the United States</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#5CB3FF;"> Portals</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Bisexuality_symbol_(bold,_color).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg/32px-Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg/48px-Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg/64px-Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="25" data-file-height="16" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Human_sexuality" title="Portal:Human sexuality">Human sexuality portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Balance,_by_David.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/30px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/46px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/61px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="606" data-file-height="558" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Law" title="Portal:Law">Law portal</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="border-top:1px solid #bbb;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sex_and_the_law" title="Template:Sex and the law"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sex_and_the_law" title="Template talk:Sex and the law"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sex_and_the_law" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sex and the law"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Prostitution is a type of <a href="/wiki/Sex_work" title="Sex work">sex work</a> that involves engaging in <a href="/wiki/Sexual_activity" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual activity">sexual activity</a> in exchange for <a href="/wiki/Payment" title="Payment">payment</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> The definition of "sexual activity" varies, and is often defined as an activity requiring physical contact (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Sexual_intercourse" title="Sexual intercourse">sexual intercourse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Non-penetrative_sex" title="Non-penetrative sex">non-penetrative sex</a>, <a href="/wiki/Non-penetrative_sex#Manual_sex" title="Non-penetrative sex">manual sex</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oral_sex" title="Oral sex">oral sex</a>, etc.) with the customer.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> The requirement of physical contact also creates <a href="#Medical_situation">the risk of transferring infections</a>. Prostitution is sometimes described as sexual services, commercial sex or, colloquially, hooking. It is sometimes referred to euphemistically as "the <a href="/wiki/World%27s_oldest_profession" class="mw-redirect" title="World's oldest profession">world's oldest profession</a>" in the English-speaking world.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlowers19985-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> A person who works in the field is usually called a prostitute or <a href="/wiki/Sex_worker" title="Sex worker">sex worker</a>, but other words, such as hooker and whore, are sometimes used <a href="/wiki/Pejorative" title="Pejorative">pejoratively</a> to refer to those who work in prostitution. The majority of prostitutes are female and have male clients.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Prostitution occurs in a variety of forms, and <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_law" title="Prostitution law">its legal status</a> varies from <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution by country">country to country</a> (sometimes from region to region within a given country). In most cases, it can be either an <a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement" title="Law enforcement">enforced</a> crime, an <a href="/wiki/Unenforced_law" title="Unenforced law">unenforced</a> crime, a <a href="/wiki/Decriminalization" title="Decriminalization">decriminalized</a> activity, a legal but unregulated activity, or a regulated profession. It is one branch of the <a href="/wiki/Sex_industry" title="Sex industry">sex industry</a>, along with pornography, <a href="/wiki/Stripper" title="Stripper">stripping</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Erotic_dance" title="Erotic dance">erotic dancing</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brothel" title="Brothel">Brothels</a> are establishments specifically dedicated to prostitution. In <a href="/wiki/Escort_agency" title="Escort agency">escort prostitution</a>, the act may take place at the client's residence or hotel room (referred to as out-call), or at the escort's residence or a hotel room rented for the occasion by the escort (in-call). Another form is <a href="/wiki/Street_prostitution" title="Street prostitution">street prostitution</a>. According to a 2011 report by Fondation Scelles there are about 42 million prostitutes in the world, living all over the world (though most of Central Asia, the Middle East and Africa lack data, studied countries in that large region rank as top <a href="/wiki/Sex_tourism" title="Sex tourism">sex tourism</a> destinations).<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> Estimates place the annual revenue generated by prostitution worldwide to be over $100 billion.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> The position of prostitution and the law varies widely worldwide, reflecting differing opinions. Some view prostitution as a form of exploitation of or <a href="/wiki/Violence_against_women" title="Violence against women">violence against women</a>,<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_of_children" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution of children">children</a>,<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> that helps to create a supply of victims for <a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking" title="Sex trafficking">human trafficking</a>.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cho1-13">[13]</a> Some critics of prostitution as an institution are supporters of the "<a href="/wiki/Nordic_model_approach_to_prostitution" title="Nordic model approach to prostitution">Nordic model</a>" that decriminalizes the act of selling sex and makes the purchase of sex illegal. This approach has also been adopted by <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Canada" title="Prostitution in Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Iceland" title="Prostitution in Iceland">Iceland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Prostitution in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a>,<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Prostitution in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Norway" title="Prostitution in Norway">Norway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_France" title="Prostitution in France">France</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Sweden" title="Prostitution in Sweden">Sweden</a>. Others view sex work as a legitimate occupation, whereby a person trades or exchanges sexual acts for money. <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> is one of the notable groups calling for the <a href="/wiki/Decriminalization_of_sex_work" title="Decriminalization of sex work">decriminalization of prostitution</a>.<a href="#cite_note-amnesty.org-15">[15]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology_and_terminology">Etymology and terminology</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General">General</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EN_BESKYTTERINDE_AF_INDUSTRIEN.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/EN_BESKYTTERINDE_AF_INDUSTRIEN.gif/220px-EN_BESKYTTERINDE_AF_INDUSTRIEN.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="347" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/EN_BESKYTTERINDE_AF_INDUSTRIEN.gif/330px-EN_BESKYTTERINDE_AF_INDUSTRIEN.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/EN_BESKYTTERINDE_AF_INDUSTRIEN.gif/440px-EN_BESKYTTERINDE_AF_INDUSTRIEN.gif 2x" data-file-width="1319" data-file-height="2080" /></a><figcaption>Prostitute <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1890.</figcaption></figure> Prostitute is derived from the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> prostituta. Some sources cite the verb as a composition of "pro" meaning "up front" or "forward" and "stituere", defined as "to offer up for sale".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPerkinsLovejoy20072–3-16">[16]</a> Another explanation is that prostituta is a composition of pro and statuere (to cause to stand, to station, place erect). A literal translation therefore is: "to put up front for sale" or "to place forward". The <a href="/wiki/Online_Etymology_Dictionary" title="Online Etymology Dictionary">Online Etymology Dictionary</a> states, "The notion of 'sex for hire' is not inherent in the etymology, which rather suggests one 'exposed to lust' or sex 'indiscriminately offered.'"<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> The word prostitute was then carried down through various languages to the present-day Western society. Most <a href="/wiki/Sex_worker_activists" class="mw-redirect" title="Sex worker activists">sex worker activists</a> groups reject the word prostitute and since the late 1970s have used the term sex worker instead. However, sex worker can also mean anyone who works within the sex industry or whose work is of a sexual nature and is not limited solely to prostitutes.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> A variety of terms are used for those who engage in prostitution, some of which distinguish between different types of prostitution or imply a value judgment about them. This terminology is hotly contested among scholars.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> Common alternatives for prostitute include <a href="/wiki/Escort_agency" title="Escort agency">escort</a> and whore; however, not all professional escorts are prostitutes. The English word whore derives from the <a href="/wiki/Old_English" title="Old English">Old English</a> word hōra, from the <a href="/wiki/Proto-Germanic_language" title="Proto-Germanic language">Proto-Germanic</a> *hōrōn (prostitute), which derives from the <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language" title="Proto-Indo-European language">Proto-Indo-European</a> <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_root" title="Proto-Indo-European root">root</a> *keh₂- meaning "desire", a root which has also given us Latin cārus (dear), whence the French cher (dear, expensive) and the Latin cāritās (love, charity). Use of the word whore is widely considered <a href="/wiki/Pejorative" title="Pejorative">pejorative</a>, especially in its modern slang form of ho. In Germany, however, most prostitutes' organizations deliberately use the word Hure (whore) since they feel that prostitute is a bureaucratic term.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Those seeking to remove the <a href="/wiki/Social_stigma" title="Social stigma">social stigma</a> associated with prostitution often promote terminology such as <a href="/wiki/Sex_worker" title="Sex worker">sex worker</a>, commercial sex worker (CSW) or sex trade worker. Another commonly used word for a prostitute is hooker. Although a popular etymology connects "hooker" with <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hooker" title="Joseph Hooker">Joseph Hooker</a>, a Union general in the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, the word more likely comes from the concentration of prostitutes around the shipyards and ferry terminal of the <a href="/wiki/Corlear%27s_Hook" class="mw-redirect" title="Corlear's Hook">Corlear's Hook</a> area of <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a> in the 1820s, who came to be referred to as "hookers".<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> A streetwalker solicits customers on the streets or in public places, while a <a href="/wiki/Call_girl" title="Call girl">call girl</a> makes appointments by phone, or in recent years, through email or the internet. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dirck_van_Baburen_-_The_Procuress_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Dirck_van_Baburen_-_The_Procuress_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Dirck_van_Baburen_-_The_Procuress_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Dirck_van_Baburen_-_The_Procuress_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Dirck_van_Baburen_-_The_Procuress_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Dirck_van_Baburen_-_The_Procuress_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Dirck_van_Baburen_-_The_Procuress_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5101" data-file-height="4826" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/The_Procuress_(Dirck_van_Baburen)" title="The Procuress (Dirck van Baburen)">The Procuress</a> by <a href="/wiki/Dirck_van_Baburen" title="Dirck van Baburen">Dirck van Baburen</a> (1622)</figcaption></figure> Correctly or not, the use of the word prostitute without specifying a sex may commonly be assumed to be female; compound terms such as <a href="/wiki/Male_prostitution" title="Male prostitution">male prostitution</a> or male escort are therefore often used to identify males. Those offering services to female customers are commonly known as gigolos; those offering services to male customers are hustlers or rent boys. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Procuring">Procuring</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Procuring_(prostitution)" title="Procuring (prostitution)">Procuring (prostitution)</a></div> Organizers of prostitution may be known colloquially as <a href="/wiki/Pimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Pimp">pimps</a> if male or madams if female. More formally, one who is said to practice procuring is a procurer, or procuress.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> They may also be called panderers or brothel keepers. Examples of procuring include: <ul><li>deriving financial gain from the prostitution of another</li> <li>operating a prostitution business</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking" title="Sex trafficking">trafficking</a> a person into a country for the purpose of soliciting sex</li> <li>transporting a prostitute to the location of their arrangement<div style="clear:left;" class=""></div></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clients">Clients</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Client_(prostitution)" title="Client (prostitution)">Client (prostitution)</a></div> Clients of prostitutes, most often men by <a href="/wiki/Prevalence" title="Prevalence">prevalence</a>, are sometimes known as johns or tricks in North America and punters in Britain and Ireland. These slang terms are used among both prostitutes and law enforcement for persons who solicit prostitutes.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> The term john may have originated from the frequent customer practice of giving one's name as "John", a common name in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English-speaking</a> countries, in an effort to maintain anonymity. In some places, men who drive around <a href="/wiki/Red-light_district" title="Red-light district">red-light districts</a> for the purpose of soliciting prostitutes are also known as <a href="/wiki/Kerb_crawler" title="Kerb crawler">kerb crawlers</a>. Female clients of prostitutes are sometimes referred to as janes or sugar mamas.<a href="#cite_note-janes1-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-janes2-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-sm1-27">[27]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_meanings">Other meanings</h3></div> The word "prostitution" can also be used metaphorically to mean debasing oneself or working towards an unworthy cause or "selling out".<a href="#cite_note-education.yahoo.com-28">[28]</a> In this sense, "prostituting oneself" or "whoring oneself" the services or acts performed are typically not sexual. For instance, in the book <a href="/wiki/The_Catcher_in_the_Rye" title="The Catcher in the Rye">The Catcher in the Rye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holden_Caulfield" title="Holden Caulfield">Holden Caulfield</a> says of his brother ("D.B."): "Now he's out in Hollywood, D.B., being a prostitute. If there's one thing I hate, it's the movies. Don't even mention them to me." D.B. is not literally a prostitute; Holden feels that his job writing <a href="/wiki/B-movie" class="mw-redirect" title="B-movie">B-movie</a> screenplays is morally debasing. The prostitution metaphor, "traditionally used to signify political inconstancy, unreliability, fickleness, a lack of firm values and integrity, and venality, has long been a staple of Russian political rhetoric.<a href="#cite_note-jspsps-2015-29">[29]</a> One of the famous insults of <a href="/wiki/Leon_Trotsky" title="Leon Trotsky">Leon Trotsky</a> made by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a> was calling him a "political prostitute".<a href="#cite_note-jspsps-2015-29">[29]</a> <a href="/wiki/Leon_Trotsky" title="Leon Trotsky">Leon Trotsky</a> used this epithet himself, calling German Social Democracy, at that time "corrupted by <a href="/wiki/Karl_Kautsky" title="Karl Kautsky">Kautskianism</a>", a "political prostitution disguised by theories".<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> In 1938, he used the same description for the <a href="/wiki/Comintern" class="mw-redirect" title="Comintern">Comintern</a>, saying that the chief aim of the Bonapartist clique of <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Stalin</a> during the preceding several years "has consisted in proving to the imperialist 'democracies' its wise conservatism and love for order. For the sake of the longed alliance with imperialist democracies [Stalin] has brought the Comintern to the last stages of political prostitution."<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> Besides targeting political figures, the term is used in relation to organizations and even small countries, which "have no choice but to sell themselves", because their voice in world affairs is insignificant. In 2007, a Russian caricature depicted the Baltic states as three "ladies of the night", "vying for the attentions of Uncle Sam, since the Russian client has run out of money".<a href="#cite_note-jspsps-2015-29">[29]</a> Usage of the "political prostitute" moniker is by no means unique to the Russian political lexicon, such as when a <a href="/wiki/Huffington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Huffington Post">Huffington Post</a> contributor expressed the opinion that <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> was "prostituting himself to feed his ego and gain power" when he ran for President of the United States.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> Sex work researcher and writer Gail Pheterson writes that these metaphorical usages exist because "the term prostitute gradually took on a Christian moralist tradition, as being synonymous with debasement of oneself or of others for the purpose of ill-gotten gains".<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_prostitution" title="History of prostitution">History of prostitution</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ancient">Ancient</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_ancient_Greece" title="Prostitution in ancient Greece">Prostitution in ancient Greece</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_ancient_Rome" title="Prostitution in ancient Rome">Prostitution in ancient Rome</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Griechen31.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Griechen31.png/220px-Griechen31.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Griechen31.png/330px-Griechen31.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Griechen31.png/440px-Griechen31.png 2x" data-file-width="503" data-file-height="515" /></a><figcaption>A prostitute and her customer illustrated on an <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">ancient Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/Kylix_(drinking_cup)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kylix (drinking cup)">wine cup</a>; the act of prostitution is indicated by the coin purse above the figures.</figcaption></figure> Although historically it was suggested that peoples of the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Near_East" title="Ancient Near East">Ancient Near East</a> engaged in <a href="/wiki/Sacred_prostitution" title="Sacred prostitution">sacred prostitution</a> based on accounts of ancient Greek authors like <a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a>, the veracity of these claims has been seriously questioned due to a lack of corroborating evidence.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Amongst the oldest reliable references to <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_ancient_Greece" title="Prostitution in ancient Greece">prostitution in ancient Greece</a> comes from the <a href="/wiki/Archaic_Greece" title="Archaic Greece">Archaic</a> era poet <a href="/wiki/Anacreon" title="Anacreon">Anacreon</a> ( <abbr>c.</abbr> 575 – c. 495 BC) in his poem about Artemon, which references "whores by choice". The record of prostitution in the <a href="/wiki/Classical_period_(Greece)" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical period (Greece)">classical period</a> is better documented, and includes references to both free-born voluntary prostitutes, including the high social status <a href="/wiki/Hetairai" class="mw-redirect" title="Hetairai">hetairai</a>, as well as involuntary slave prostitutes.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Male prostitutes also existed in Ancient Greece.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pompeii-wall_painting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Pompeii-wall_painting.jpg/220px-Pompeii-wall_painting.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Pompeii-wall_painting.jpg/330px-Pompeii-wall_painting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Pompeii-wall_painting.jpg/440px-Pompeii-wall_painting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="516" data-file-height="381" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco">Fresco</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Pompeii" title="Pompeii">Pompeii</a> brothel</figcaption></figure> There was never a unified legal approach to <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_ancient_Rome" title="Prostitution in ancient Rome">prostitution in ancient Rome</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:02-38">[38]</a> In ancient Rome, prostitutes had low social status and were considered <a href="/wiki/Infamia" title="Infamia">infamia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Under the reign of emperor <a href="/wiki/Caligula" title="Caligula">Caligula</a>, a taxation on prostitution was implemented.<a href="#cite_note-:02-38">[38]</a> Roman slave owners were able to include the ne serva prostituatur <a href="/wiki/Covenant_(law)" title="Covenant (law)">covenant</a> as part of slave sale contracts, which prohibited the slaves being forced to prostitute themselves by their owners after being sold.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Middle_Ages">Middle Ages</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Courtesan" title="Courtesan">Courtesan</a></div> Throughout the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> the definition of a prostitute has been ambiguous, with various secular and canonical organizations defining prostitution in constantly evolving terms. Even though medieval secular authorities created legislation to deal with the phenomenon of prostitution, they rarely attempted to define what a prostitute was because it was deemed unnecessary "to specify exactly who fell into that [specific] category" of a prostitute.<a href="#cite_note-Rollo-Koster_2002_110-41">[41]</a> The first known definition of prostitution was found in Marseille's thirteenth-century statutes, which included a chapter entitled De meretricibus ("regarding prostitutes").<a href="#cite_note-Rollo-Koster_2002_110-41">[41]</a> The Marseillais designated prostitutes as "public girls" who, day and night, received two or more men in their house, and as a woman who "did business trading [their bodies], within the confine[s] of a <a href="/wiki/Brothel" title="Brothel">brothel</a>."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBulloughBrundage2000243–260-42">[42]</a> A fourteenth-century English tract, Fasciculus Morum, states that the term prostitute (termed '<a href="/wiki/Meretrix" class="mw-redirect" title="Meretrix">meretrix</a>' in this document), "must be applied only to those women who give themselves to anyone and will refuse none, and that for monetary gain".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBulloughBrundage2000243–260-42">[42]</a> In general prostitution was not typically a lifetime career choice for women. Women usually alternated their career of prostitution with "petty retailing, and victualing," or only occasionally turned to prostitution in times of great financial need.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts199265-43">[43]</a> Women who became prostitutes often did not have the familial ties or means to protect themselves from the lure of prostitution, and it has been recorded on several occasions that mothers would be charged with prostituting their own daughters in exchange for extra money.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFindlenFontaineOsheim200398-44">[44]</a> Medieval civilians accepted without question the fact of prostitution, it was a necessary part of medieval life.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOtis198516-45">[45]</a> Prostitutes subverted the sexual tendencies of male youth, just by existing. With the establishment of prostitution, men were less likely to collectively rape honest women of marriageable and re-marriageable age.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERossiaud199632-46">[46]</a> This is most clearly demonstrated in <a href="/wiki/St._Augustine" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Augustine">St. Augustine</a>'s claim that "the removal of the institution would bring lust into all aspects of the world."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBulloughBrundage199434-47">[47]</a> Meaning that without prostitutes to subvert male tendencies, men would go after innocent women instead, thus the prostitutes were actually doing society a favor, according to Augustine. In urban societies there was an erroneous view that prostitution was flourishing more in rural regions rather than in cities, however, it has been proven that prostitution was more rampant in cities and large towns.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERossiaud19963-48">[48]</a> Although there were wandering prostitutes in rural areas who worked according to the calendar of fairs, similar to riding a circuit, in which prostitutes stopped by various towns based on what event was going on at the time, most prostitutes remained in cities. Cities tended to draw more prostitutes due to the sheer size of the population and the institutionalization of prostitution in urban areas which made it more rampant in metropolitan regions.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERossiaud19963-48">[48]</a> Furthermore, in both urban and rural areas of society, women who did not live under the rule of male authority were more likely to be suspected of prostitution than their oppressed counterparts because of the fear of women who did not fit into a stereotypical category outside of marriage or religious life.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFindlenFontaineOsheim200398-44">[44]</a> Secular law, like most other aspects of prostitution in the Middle Ages, is difficult to generalize due to the regional variations in attitudes towards prostitution.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKarras199813–31-49">[49]</a> The global trend of the thirteenth century was toward the development of positive policy on prostitution as laws exiling prostitutes changed towards <a href="/wiki/Sumptuary_laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumptuary laws">sumptuary laws</a> and the confinement of prostitutes to <a href="/wiki/Red_light_districts" class="mw-redirect" title="Red light districts">red light districts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESanger185997-50">[50]</a> Sumptuary laws became the regulatory norm for prostitutes and included making <a href="/wiki/Courtesans" class="mw-redirect" title="Courtesans">courtesans</a> "wear a shoulder-knot of a particular color as a badge of their calling" to be able to easily distinguish the prostitute from a respectable woman in society.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESanger185997-50">[50]</a> The color that designated them as prostitutes could vary from different earth tones to yellow, as was usually designated as a color of shame in the Hebrew communities.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnauer200295–117-51">[51]</a> These laws, however, proved no impediment to wealthier prostitutes because their glamorous appearances were almost indistinguishable from noble women.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnauer2002101-52">[52]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/14th_century" title="14th century">14th century</a>, London prostitutes were only tolerated when they wore yellow hoods.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> Although brothels were still present in most cities and urban centers and could range from private bordelages run by a procuress from her home to public baths and centers established by municipal legislation, the only centers for prostitution legally allowed were the institutionalized and publicly funded brothels.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKarras199832Rossiaud19966-54">[54]</a> This did not prevent illegal brothels from thriving. Brothels theoretically banned the <a href="/wiki/Patronage" title="Patronage">patronage</a> of married men and clergy, but it was sporadically enforced and there is evidence of clergymen present in brawls that were documented in brothels.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERossiaud199641-55">[55]</a> Thus the clergy were at least present in brothels at some point or another. Brothels also settled the "obsessive fear of the sharing of women" and solved the issue of "collective security."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERossiaud199642-56">[56]</a> The lives of prostitutes in brothels were not cloistered like that of nuns and "only some lived permanently in the streets assigned to them."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERossiaud199643-57">[57]</a> Prostitutes were only allowed to practice their trade in the brothel in which they worked.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeremek2006216-58">[58]</a> Brothels were also used to protect prostitutes and their clients through various regulations. For example, the law that "forbid brothel keepers [from] beat[ing] them."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKarras1998106-59">[59]</a> However, brothel regulations also hindered prostitutes' lives by forbidding them from having "lovers other than their customers" or from having a favored customer.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKarras1998106-59">[59]</a> Courts showed conflicting views on the role of prostitutes in secular law as prostitutes could not inherit property, defend themselves in court, or make accusations in court.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBulloughBrundage199437-60">[60]</a> However, prostitutes were sometimes called upon as witnesses during trial.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKarras199813–107-61">[61]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1537_Braunschweiger_Monogrammist_Bordellszene_anagoria.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/1537_Braunschweiger_Monogrammist_Bordellszene_anagoria.JPG/220px-1537_Braunschweiger_Monogrammist_Bordellszene_anagoria.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/1537_Braunschweiger_Monogrammist_Bordellszene_anagoria.JPG/330px-1537_Braunschweiger_Monogrammist_Bordellszene_anagoria.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/1537_Braunschweiger_Monogrammist_Bordellszene_anagoria.JPG/440px-1537_Braunschweiger_Monogrammist_Bordellszene_anagoria.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4136" data-file-height="2644" /></a><figcaption>Brothel scene; <a href="/wiki/Brunswick_Monogrammist" title="Brunswick Monogrammist">Brunswick Monogrammist</a>, 1537; <a href="/wiki/Gem%C3%A4ldegalerie,_Berlin" title="Gemäldegalerie, Berlin">Gemäldegalerie, Berlin</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="16th–present">16th–present</h4></div> By the end of the 15th-century attitudes seemed to have begun to harden against prostitution. An outbreak of <a href="/wiki/Syphilis" title="Syphilis">syphilis</a> in <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a> 1494 which later swept across Europe, and which may have originated from the <a href="/wiki/Columbian_Exchange" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbian Exchange">Columbian Exchange</a>,<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> and the prevalence of other <a href="/wiki/Sexually_transmitted_infection" title="Sexually transmitted infection">sexually transmitted infections</a> from the earlier 13th century, may have been causes of this change in attitude. By the early 16th century, the association between prostitutes, plague, and contagion emerged, causing brothels and prostitution to be outlawed by secular authority.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOtis198541-63">[63]</a> Furthermore, outlawing brothel-keeping and prostitution was also used to "strengthen the criminal law" system of the sixteenth-century secular rulers.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOtis198544-64">[64]</a> <a href="/wiki/Canon_law" title="Canon law">Canon law</a> defined a prostitute as "a promiscuous woman, regardless of financial elements."<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> The prostitute was considered a "whore … who [was] available for the lust of many men," and was most closely associated with promiscuity.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBennett198981-66">[66]</a> The Church's stance on prostitution was three-fold: "acceptance of prostitution as an inevitable social fact, condemnation of those profiting from this commerce, and encouragement for the prostitute to <a href="/wiki/Repent" class="mw-redirect" title="Repent">repent</a>."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOtis198513-67">[67]</a> The Church was forced to recognize its inability to remove prostitution from the worldly society, and in the fourteenth century "began to tolerate prostitution as a lesser evil."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERossiaud1996160Otis198512-68">[68]</a> However, prostitutes were to be excluded from the Church as long as they practiced.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBulloughBrundage199436-69">[69]</a> Around the twelfth century, the idea of prostitute saints took hold, with <a href="/wiki/Mary_Magdalene" title="Mary Magdalene">Mary Magdalene</a> being one of the most popular saints of the era. The Church used Mary Magdalene's biblical history of being a reformed harlot to encourage prostitutes to repent and mend their ways.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> Simultaneously, religious houses were established with the purpose of providing asylum and encouraging the reformation of prostitution. 'Magdalene Homes' were particularly popular and peaked especially in the early fourteenth century.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBulloughBrundage199441Roberts199273–4-71">[71]</a> Over the course of the Middle Ages, <a href="/wiki/Popes" class="mw-redirect" title="Popes">popes</a> and religious communities made various attempts to remove prostitution or reform prostitutes, with varying success.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBulloughBrundage199441–42-72">[72]</a> With the advent of the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a>, numbers of Southern German towns closed their brothels in an attempt to eradicate prostitution.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> In some periods prostitutes had to distinguish themselves by particular signs, sometimes wearing very short hair or no hair at all, or wearing <a href="/wiki/Veil" title="Veil">veils</a> in societies where other women did not wear them. Ancient codes regulated in this case the crime of a prostitute that dissimulated her profession. In some cultures, prostitutes were the sole women allowed to sing in public or act in theatrical performances. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Toulouse-Lautrec_Prostitutes_DMA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Toulouse-Lautrec_Prostitutes_DMA.jpg/220px-Toulouse-Lautrec_Prostitutes_DMA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Toulouse-Lautrec_Prostitutes_DMA.jpg/330px-Toulouse-Lautrec_Prostitutes_DMA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Toulouse-Lautrec_Prostitutes_DMA.jpg/440px-Toulouse-Lautrec_Prostitutes_DMA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6599" data-file-height="8133" /></a><figcaption>Femmes de Maison, painting by <a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Toulouse-Lautrec" title="Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec">Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1893—1895</figcaption></figure> In the 19th century, legalized prostitution became the center of public controversy as the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Government of the United Kingdom">British government</a> passed the <a href="/wiki/Contagious_Diseases_Acts" title="Contagious Diseases Acts">Contagious Diseases Acts</a>, legislation mandating pelvic examinations for suspected prostitutes; they would remain in force until 1886. The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_France" title="Government of France">French government</a>, instead of trying to outlaw prostitution, began to view prostitution as a necessary evil for society to function. French politicians chose to regulate prostitution, introducing a "Morals Brigade" onto the streets of Paris.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarsin19853,_25-74">[74]</a> A similar situation did in fact exist in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>; prostitutes operating out of government-sanctioned brothels were given yellow internal passports signifying their status and were subjected to weekly physical exams. A major work, <a href="/wiki/Prostitution,_Considered_in_Its_Moral,_Social,_and_Sanitary_Aspects" title="Prostitution, Considered in Its Moral, Social, and Sanitary Aspects">Prostitution, Considered in Its Moral, Social, and Sanitary Aspects</a>, was published by <a href="/wiki/William_Acton_(doctor)" title="William Acton (doctor)">William Acton</a> in 1857, which estimated that the County of London had 80,000 prostitutes and that 1 house in 60 was serving as a brothel.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGale2002245-75">[75]</a> <a href="/wiki/Leo_Tolstoy" title="Leo Tolstoy">Leo Tolstoy</a>'s novel <a href="/wiki/Resurrection_(Tolstoy_novel)" title="Resurrection (Tolstoy novel)">Resurrection</a> describes legal prostitution in 19th-century Russia. The leading <a href="/wiki/Marxist_theorist" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxist theorist">Marxist theorists</a> opposed prostitution. Communist governments often attempted to repress the practice immediately after obtaining power, although it always persisted. In most contemporary <a href="/wiki/Communist_state" title="Communist state">communist states</a>, prostitution remained illegal but was nonetheless common.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlowers1998[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidFSNB0G7f4CsCdqprostitutioninformersovietcountriespgPA169_169]-76">[76]</a> The economic decline brought about by the <a href="/wiki/Collapse_of_the_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Collapse of the Soviet Union">collapse of the Soviet Union</a> led to increased prostitution in many current and former Communist countries.<a href="#cite_note-Slate_Explainer-77">[77]</a> In 1956, the United Kingdom introduced the <a href="/wiki/Sexual_Offences_Act_1956" title="Sexual Offences Act 1956">Sexual Offences Act 1956</a>. While this law did not criminalise the act of <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prostitution in the United Kingdom">prostitution in the United Kingdom</a> itself, it prohibited such activities as running a brothel. Soliciting was made illegal by the <a href="/wiki/Street_Offences_Act_1959" title="Street Offences Act 1959">Street Offences Act 1959</a>. These laws were partly repealed, and altered, by the <a href="/wiki/Sexual_Offences_Act_2003" title="Sexual Offences Act 2003">Sexual Offences Act 2003</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Policing_and_Crime_Act_2009" title="Policing and Crime Act 2009">Policing and Crime Act 2009</a>. Since the break up of the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, thousands of eastern European women end up as prostitutes in China, Western Europe, Israel, and Turkey every year. Some enter the profession willingly; many are tricked, coerced, or kidnapped, and often experience captivity and violence.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> There are tens of thousands of women from eastern Europe and Asia working as prostitutes in <a href="/wiki/Dubai" title="Dubai">Dubai</a>. Men from Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates form a large proportion of the customers.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_East">Middle East</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Arab_slave_trade" title="Arab slave trade">Arab slave trade</a>, <a href="/wiki/History_of_concubinage_in_the_Muslim_world" title="History of concubinage in the Muslim world">History of concubinage in the Muslim world</a>, <a href="/wiki/Concubinage_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Concubinage in Islam">Concubinage in Islam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harem" title="Harem">Harem</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Crimean_slave_trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean slave trade">Crimean slave trade</a></div> In the Islamic world, sex outside of marriage was normally acquired by men not by paying for temporary sex from a free sex worker, but rather by personal sex slave called <a href="/wiki/Concubinage_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Concubinage in Islam">concubine</a>, which was a sex slave trade that <a href="/wiki/Circassian_slave_trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Circassian slave trade">was still ongoing in the early 20th-century</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Zilfi,_M._2010_p._217-80">[80]</a> Traditionally, prostitution in the Islamic world was historically practiced by way of the pimp temporarily selling his slave to her client, who then returned the ownership of the slave after intercourse. The Islamic Law formally prohibited prostitution. However, since Islamic Law allowed a man to have sexual intercourse with his <a href="/wiki/Concubinage_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Concubinage in Islam"> slave concubine</a>, prostitution was practiced by a pimp selling his female slave on the slave market to a client, who returned his ownership on the pretext of discontent after having had intercourse with her, which was a legal and accepted method for prostitution in the Islamic world.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> This form of prostitution was practiced by for example <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Battuta" title="Ibn Battuta">Ibn Batuta</a>, who acquired several female slaves during his travels.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] According to <a href="/wiki/Shia" class="mw-redirect" title="Shia">Shia</a> Muslims, <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> sanctioned <a href="/wiki/Nikah_mut%27ah" title="Nikah mut'ah">fixed-term marriage</a>—muta'a in Iraq and sigheh in Iran—which has instead been used as a legitimizing cover for sex workers, in a culture where prostitution is otherwise forbidden.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEİlkkaracan200836-82">[82]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sunni" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunni">Sunni</a> Muslims, who make up the majority of Muslims worldwide, believe the practice of fixed-term marriage was abrogated and ultimately forbidden by either Muhammad, or one of his successors, <a href="/wiki/Umar" title="Umar">Umar</a>. Sunnis regard prostitution as sinful and forbidden. Some writers have argued that mut'ah<a href="#cite_note-:0-83">[83]</a> and nikah misyar<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> approximate prostitution. Julie Parshall writes that mut'ah is legalised prostitution which has been sanctioned by the <a href="/wiki/Twelver_Shi%27ism" title="Twelver Shi'ism">Twelver Shia</a> authorities. She quotes the Oxford encyclopedia of modern Islamic world to differentiate between marriage (nikah) and mut'ah, and states that while nikah is for procreation, mut'ah is just for sexual gratification.<a href="#cite_note-:1-85">[85]</a> According to Zeyno Baran, this kind of temporary marriage provides Shi'ite men with a religiously sanctioned equivalent to prostitution.<a href="#cite_note-:2-86">[86]</a> According to Elena Andreeva's observation published in 2007, Russian travellers to Iran consider mut'ah to be "legalized profligacy" which is indistinguishable from prostitution.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> Religious supporters of mut'ah argue that temporary marriage is different from prostitution for a couple of reasons, including the necessity of <a href="/wiki/Iddah" title="Iddah">iddah</a> in case the couple have sexual intercourse. It means that if a woman marries a man in this way and has sex, she has to wait for a number of months before marrying again and therefore, a woman cannot marry more than 3 or 4 times in a year.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Dervish" title="Dervish">Dervish</a> Ismail Agha, in the Dellâkname-i Dilküşâ, the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> archives,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGazali2001106-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-Nedim-95">[95]</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Hammam" title="Hammam">hammams</a>, the masseurs were traditionally <a href="/wiki/Pederasty#The_Middle_East" title="Pederasty">young men</a>[<a href="/wiki/MOS:BROKENSECTIONLINKS" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:BROKENSECTIONLINKS">broken anchor</a>], who helped wash clients by soaping and scrubbing their bodies. They also worked as <a href="/wiki/Sex_workers" class="mw-redirect" title="Sex workers">sex workers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEToledano2003242_"[Flaubert,_January_1850:]_Be_informed,_furthermore,_that_all_of_the_bath-boys_are_[[wikt:bardash|bardash]]es_[male_homosexuals]."-96">[96]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> texts describe who they were, their prices, how many times they could bring their customers to <a href="/wiki/Orgasm" title="Orgasm">orgasm</a>, and the details of their sexual practices. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:229px;max-width:229px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:227px;max-width:227px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Koceks_-_Surname-i_Vehbi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Koceks_-_Surname-i_Vehbi.jpg/225px-Koceks_-_Surname-i_Vehbi.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Koceks_-_Surname-i_Vehbi.jpg/338px-Koceks_-_Surname-i_Vehbi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Koceks_-_Surname-i_Vehbi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="346" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6%C3%A7ek" title="Köçek">Köçek</a> troupe at a fair. Recruited from the ranks of colonized <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic group">ethnic groups</a>, köçeks were entertainers and sex workers in the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>.</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:227px;max-width:227px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:%C3%89tienne_Jeaurat_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/%C3%89tienne_Jeaurat_001.jpg/225px-%C3%89tienne_Jeaurat_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/%C3%89tienne_Jeaurat_001.jpg/338px-%C3%89tienne_Jeaurat_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/%C3%89tienne_Jeaurat_001.jpg/450px-%C3%89tienne_Jeaurat_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4470" data-file-height="3610" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">French prostitutes being taken to the police station.</div></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="East_Asia">East Asia</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Suzuki_Haronubu_oiran_ukiyo-e.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Suzuki_Haronubu_oiran_ukiyo-e.jpg/170px-Suzuki_Haronubu_oiran_ukiyo-e.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Suzuki_Haronubu_oiran_ukiyo-e.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="190" data-file-height="334" /></a><figcaption>An <a href="/wiki/Oiran" title="Oiran">oiran</a> preparing herself for a client, <a href="/wiki/Ukiyo-e" title="Ukiyo-e">ukiyo-e</a> print by Suzuki Haronubu (1765)</figcaption></figure> In the early 17th century, there was widespread male and female prostitution throughout the cities of <a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edo" title="Edo">Edo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a>, Japan. <a href="/wiki/Oiran" title="Oiran">Oiran</a> were <a href="/wiki/Courtesan" title="Courtesan">courtesans</a> in Japan during the <a href="/wiki/Edo_period" title="Edo period">Edo period</a>. The oiran were considered a type of yūjo (遊女) "woman of pleasure" or prostitute. Among the oiran, the tayū (太夫) was considered the highest rank of courtesan available only to the wealthiest and highest ranking men. To entertain their clients, oiran practiced the arts of dance, music, poetry, and calligraphy as well as sexual services, and an educated wit was considered essential for sophisticated conversation. Many became celebrities of their times outside the pleasure districts. Their art and fashions often set trends among wealthy women. The last recorded oiran was in 1761. Although illegal in modern Japan, the definition of prostitution does not extend to a "private agreement" reached between a woman and a man in a <a href="/wiki/Brothel" title="Brothel">brothel</a>. <a href="/wiki/Yoshiwara" title="Yoshiwara">Yoshiwara</a> has a large number of <a href="/wiki/Soapland" class="mw-redirect" title="Soapland">soaplands</a> where women wash men's bodies. They began when explicit prostitution in Japan became illegal, and were originally known as toruko-buro ("Turkish bath"). Japanese prostitutes were held in high regard by European travelling men in the 19th century. A British army officer reported that Japanese women were the best prostitutes in the world, for their attractiveness, cleanliness, and intelligence.<a href="#cite_note-Hyam_2010_p._372-97">[97]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:82_Yoshiwara_Girls.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/82_Yoshiwara_Girls.jpg/220px-82_Yoshiwara_Girls.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/82_Yoshiwara_Girls.jpg/330px-82_Yoshiwara_Girls.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/82_Yoshiwara_Girls.jpg/440px-82_Yoshiwara_Girls.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1450" data-file-height="1133" /></a><figcaption>Prostitutes on display in <a href="/wiki/Yoshiwara" title="Yoshiwara">Yoshiwara</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Meiji_Period" class="mw-redirect" title="Meiji Period">Meiji Period</a>, Japan</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South_Asia">South Asia</h3></div> The <a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Matsya_Purana" title="Matsya Purana">Matsya Purana</a> mention fictitious accounts of the origin of Prostitution. Although, Later Vedic texts tacitly, as well as overtly, mention Prostitutes, it is in the Buddhist literature that professional prostitutes are noticed.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Tawaif" title="Tawaif">tawaif</a> was a <a href="/wiki/Courtesan" title="Courtesan">courtesan</a> who catered to the nobility of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a>, particularly during the era of the <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a>. These courtesans danced, sang, recited poetry and entertained their suitors at <a href="/wiki/Mehfil" title="Mehfil">mehfils</a>. Like the <a href="/wiki/Geisha" title="Geisha">geisha</a> tradition in Japan, their main purpose was to professionally entertain their guests, and while sex was often incidental, it was not assured contractually. High-class or the most popular tawaifs could often pick and choose between the best of their suitors. They contributed to music, dance, theatre, film, and the <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> literary tradition.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Company_rule_in_India" title="Company rule in India">rule in India</a> from 1757 until 1857, it was common for European soldiers serving in the <a href="/wiki/Presidency_armies" title="Presidency armies">presidency armies</a> to solicit the services of <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_India" title="Prostitution in India">Indian prostitutes</a>, and they frequently paid visits to local <a href="/wiki/Nautch" title="Nautch">nautch</a> dancers for purposes of a sexual nature.<a href="#cite_note-Fisher-2007-100">[100]</a> Prostitutes from Japan were also popular. Asian prostitutes were held in higher regard than prostitutes from Europe because they came from higher social backgrounds and were regarded as cleaner, more attractive and entertaining than prostitutes back in Europe.<a href="#cite_note-Hyam_2010_p._372-97">[97]</a> In the 21st century, <a href="/wiki/Afghans" title="Afghans">Afghans</a> revived a method of prostituting young boys which is referred to as "<a href="/wiki/Bacha_bazi" title="Bacha bazi">bacha bazi</a>".<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> India's <a href="/wiki/Devadasi" title="Devadasi">devadasi</a> girls are forced by their poor families to dedicate themselves to the <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> goddess <a href="/wiki/Renuka" title="Renuka">Renuka</a>. The BBC wrote in 2007 that devadasis are "sanctified prostitutes".<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Americas">Americas</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Early_San_Francisco_prostitutes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Early_San_Francisco_prostitutes.jpg/220px-Early_San_Francisco_prostitutes.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Early_San_Francisco_prostitutes.jpg/330px-Early_San_Francisco_prostitutes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Early_San_Francisco_prostitutes.jpg/440px-Early_San_Francisco_prostitutes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="565" data-file-height="483" /></a><figcaption>Women in an early San Francisco bordello in 1870</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ABQ_brothel_raid_1922.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/ABQ_brothel_raid_1922.jpg/170px-ABQ_brothel_raid_1922.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="488" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/ABQ_brothel_raid_1922.jpg/255px-ABQ_brothel_raid_1922.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/ABQ_brothel_raid_1922.jpg/340px-ABQ_brothel_raid_1922.jpg 2x" data-file-width="416" data-file-height="1195" /></a><figcaption>News report about three brothels operating in Albuquerque, New Mexico that were raided by police in 1922</figcaption></figure> In <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> sex worker movements date back to the late 19th century in Havana, <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>. A catalyst in the movement being a newspaper published by Havana sex workers. This publication went by the name La Cebolla, created by <a href="/wiki/Las_Horizontales" title="Las Horizontales">Las Horizontales</a>.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> During this period, prostitution was also very prominent in the <a href="/wiki/Barbary_Coast,_San_Francisco" title="Barbary Coast, San Francisco">Barbary Coast, San Francisco</a> as the population was mainly men, due to the influx from the <a href="/wiki/Gold_Rush" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold Rush">Gold Rush</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESears2014-104">[104]</a> One of the more successful madams was <a href="/wiki/Belle_Cora_(Arabella_Ryan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Belle Cora (Arabella Ryan)">Belle Cora</a>, who inadvertently got involved in a scandal involving her husband, Charles Cora, shooting US Marshal William H. Richardson.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJensen2011-105">[105]</a> This led to the rise of new statutes against prostitution, gambling and other activities seen as "immoral".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESears2014-104">[104]</a> Originally, prostitution was widely legal in the United States. Prostitution was made illegal in almost all states between 1910 and 1915 largely due to the influence of the <a href="/wiki/Woman%27s_Christian_Temperance_Union" title="Woman's Christian Temperance Union">Woman's Christian Temperance Union</a>.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> On the other hand, prostitution generated much national revenue in South Korea, hence the military government encouraged <a href="/wiki/Prostitutes_in_South_Korea_for_the_U.S._military" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitutes in South Korea for the U.S. military">prostitution for the U.S. military</a>.<a href="#cite_note-IBT20130429-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-joongang20081030-109">[109]</a> Beginning in the late 1980s, many states in the US increased the penalties for prostitution in cases where the prostitute is knowingly HIV-positive. Penalties for felony prostitution vary, with maximum sentences of typically 10 to 15 years in prison. <a href="/wiki/Sex_tourism" title="Sex tourism">Sex tourism</a> emerged in the late 20th century as a controversial aspect of Western tourism and <a href="/wiki/Globalization" title="Globalization">globalization</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_of_prostitution#Biblical_references" title="History of prostitution">Historically</a>, and currently, church prostitutes exist, and the practice may be legal or illegal, depending on the country, state or province.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economics">Economics</h2></div> Prostitutes' salaries and payments fluctuate according to the economic conditions of their respective countries. Prostitutes who usually have foreign clients, such as business travelers, depend on good foreign economic conditions.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> Payment may vary according to regulations made by pimps, brothel keepers, madams, and procurers, who usually take a slice out of a prostitute's income.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Prices may further depend on demand; popular, high-end prostitutes can earn significant amounts of money (upwards of $5,000 per client),<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> and virgins may receive even higher payments. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Laws">Laws</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Feminist_views_on_prostitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Feminist views on prostitution">Feminist views on prostitution</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Prostitution" title="Special:EditPage/Prostitution">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2020) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hogarth-Harlot-1_crop.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Hogarth-Harlot-1_crop.png/220px-Hogarth-Harlot-1_crop.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Hogarth-Harlot-1_crop.png/330px-Hogarth-Harlot-1_crop.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Hogarth-Harlot-1_crop.png/440px-Hogarth-Harlot-1_crop.png 2x" data-file-width="894" data-file-height="908" /></a><figcaption>A detail from plate 1 of <a href="/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth">William Hogarth</a>'s (1697–1764) <a href="/wiki/The_Harlot%27s_Progress" class="mw-redirect" title="The Harlot's Progress">The Harlot's Progress</a>, showing brothel-keeper <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Needham" title="Elizabeth Needham">Elizabeth Needham</a>, on the right, procuring a young woman who has just arrived in London</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prostitution_laws_of_the_world2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Prostitution_laws_of_the_world2.svg/330px-Prostitution_laws_of_the_world2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Prostitution_laws_of_the_world2.svg/495px-Prostitution_laws_of_the_world2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Prostitution_laws_of_the_world2.svg/660px-Prostitution_laws_of_the_world2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1314" /></a><figcaption><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend">  Legalization – prostitution legal and regulated</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Decriminalization – No criminal penalties for prostitution</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Abolitionism – prostitution is legal, but organized activities such as brothels and pimping are illegal; prostitution is not regulated</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Neo-abolitionism – illegal to buy sex and for 3rd party involvement, legal to sell sex</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Prohibitionism – prostitution illegal</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Legality varies with local laws</div></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_law" title="Prostitution law">Prostitution law</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution by country">Prostitution by country</a></div> The position of prostitution and the law varies widely worldwide,<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> reflecting differing opinions on victimhood and <a href="/wiki/Exploitation_of_labour" title="Exploitation of labour">exploitation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Economic_inequality" title="Economic inequality">inequality</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gender_role" title="Gender role">gender roles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gender_equality" title="Gender equality">gender equality</a>, ethics and <a href="/wiki/Morality" title="Morality">morality</a>, <a href="/wiki/Free_will" title="Free will">freedom of choice</a>, historical <a href="/wiki/Social_norm" title="Social norm">social norms</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sociology" title="Sociology">social costs and benefits</a>. Legal themes tend to address four types of issues: victimhood (including potential victimhood), ethics and morality, freedom of choice, and general benefit or harm to society (including harm arising indirectly from matters connected to prostitution). Prostitution may be considered a form of exploitation (e.g., Sweden, Norway, Iceland, where it is illegal to buy sexual services, but not to sell them—the client commits a crime, but not the prostitute), a legitimate occupation (e.g., Netherlands, Germany, where prostitution is regulated as a profession) or a crime (e.g., many <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a> countries, where the prostitutes face severe penalties). The legal status of prostitution varies from country to country, from being legal and considered a <a href="/wiki/Profession" title="Profession">profession</a> to being <a href="/wiki/Punishable_by_death" class="mw-redirect" title="Punishable by death">punishable by death</a>.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> Some jurisdictions outlaw the act of prostitution (the exchange of sexual services for money); other countries do not prohibit prostitution itself, but ban the activities typically associated with it (soliciting in a public place, operating a brothel, pimping, etc.), making it difficult to engage in prostitution without breaking any law; and in a few countries prostitution is legal and <a href="/wiki/Regulated_prostitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Regulated prostitution">regulated</a>. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prostitutoin_Adverts.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Prostitutoin_Adverts.jpg/220px-Prostitutoin_Adverts.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Prostitutoin_Adverts.jpg/330px-Prostitutoin_Adverts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Prostitutoin_Adverts.jpg/440px-Prostitutoin_Adverts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Stickers affixed to a <a href="/wiki/Payphone" title="Payphone">payphone</a> in São Paulo, 2006</figcaption></figure> In some countries, there is controversy regarding the laws applicable to <a href="/wiki/Sex_work" title="Sex work">sex work</a>. For instance, the legal stance of punishing pimping while keeping sex work legal but "underground" and risky is often denounced as hypocritical; opponents suggest either going the full abolition route and criminalize clients or making sex work a regulated business. Other groups, often with religious backgrounds, focus on offering women a way out of the world of prostitution while not taking a position on the legal question. Prostitution is a significant issue in feminist thought and activism. Many feminists are opposed to prostitution, which they see as a form of exploitation of women and male dominance over women, and as a practice that is the result of the existing patriarchal societal order. These feminists argue that prostitution has a very negative effect, both on the prostitutes themselves and on society as a whole, as it reinforces stereotypical views about women, who are seen as sex objects which can be used and abused by men. Other feminists hold that prostitution can be a valid choice for the women who choose to engage in it; in this view, prostitution must be differentiated from <a href="/wiki/Forced_prostitution" title="Forced prostitution">forced prostitution</a>, and feminists should support sex worker activism against abuses by both the sex industry and the legal system. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decriminalization">Decriminalization</h3></div> Decriminalization views prostitution as labor like any other and that the sex industry premises should not be subject to any special regulation or laws. This is the current situation in New Zealand; the laws against operating a brothel, pimping, and street prostitution are struck down, but prostitution is hardly regulated at all. Proponents of this view often cite instances of government regulation under legalization that they consider intrusive, demeaning, or violent, but feel that criminalization adversely affects sex workers.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> is one of the notable groups calling for the decriminalization of prostitution.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-amnesty.org-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-:4-118">[118]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prostitution_Info_Centre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Prostitution_Info_Centre.jpg/220px-Prostitution_Info_Centre.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Prostitution_Info_Centre.jpg/330px-Prostitution_Info_Centre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Prostitution_Info_Centre.jpg/440px-Prostitution_Info_Centre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="706" data-file-height="588" /></a><figcaption>Prostitution Information Centre in <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a></figcaption></figure> Many countries have sex worker advocacy groups that lobby against criminalization and discrimination of prostitutes. These groups generally oppose Nevada-style regulation and oversight, stating that prostitution should be treated like other professions. In the United States of America, one such group is <a href="/wiki/COYOTE" title="COYOTE">COYOTE</a> (an abbreviation for "Call Off Your Old Tired Ethics") and another is the North American Task Force on Prostitution.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> In Australia the lead sex worker rights organisation is <a href="/wiki/Scarlet_Alliance" title="Scarlet Alliance">Scarlet Alliance</a>.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> International <a href="/wiki/Sex_workers%27_rights" title="Sex workers' rights">prostitutes' rights</a> organizations include the <a href="/wiki/International_Committee_for_Prostitutes%27_Rights" class="mw-redirect" title="International Committee for Prostitutes' Rights">International Committee for Prostitutes' Rights</a> and the Network of Sex Work Projects.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legalization">Legalization</h3></div> Some view prostitution as something to be legalized and regulated: prostitution may be considered a legitimate business; prostitution and the employment of prostitutes are legal, but regulated. This is the current situation in the Netherlands, Germany,<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> most of <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Australia" title="Prostitution in Australia">Australia</a> and parts of <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Nevada" title="Prostitution in Nevada">Prostitution in Nevada</a>). The degree of regulation varies very much; for example, in the Netherlands, prostitutes are not required to undergo mandatory health checks (see <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Netherlands" title="Prostitution in the Netherlands">Prostitution in the Netherlands</a>), while in <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a>, the regulations are very strict (see <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Nevada" title="Prostitution in Nevada">Prostitution in Nevada</a>). Because prostitution is considered criminal in many jurisdictions, its substantial revenues are not contributing to the tax revenues of the state, and its workers are not routinely screened for sexually transmitted infections which is dangerous in cultures favouring unprotected sex and leads to significant expenditure in the health services. According to the 1992 Estimates of the costs of crime in Australia report, there was an "estimated $96 million loss of taxation revenue from undeclared earnings of prostitution".<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abolitionism">Abolitionism</h3></div> In <a href="/wiki/Abolition_of_prostitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Abolition of prostitution">abolitionism</a>, prostitution itself is not prohibited, but most associated activities are illegal, in an attempt to make it more difficult to engage in prostitution, prostitution is heavily discouraged and seen as a social problem. Prostitution (the exchange of sexual services for money) is legal, but the surrounding activities such as public <a href="/wiki/Solicitation" title="Solicitation">solicitation</a>, operating a <a href="/wiki/Brothel" title="Brothel">brothel</a> and other forms of <a href="/wiki/Pimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Pimp">pimping</a> are prohibited. This is to some extent the current situation in Great Britain, where prostitution is considered "both a public nuisance and sexual offence", and Italy among others.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neo-abolitionism">Neo-abolitionism</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Nordic_model_approach_to_prostitution" title="Nordic model approach to prostitution">Nordic model approach to prostitution</a></div> <a href="/wiki/Abolition_of_prostitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Abolition of prostitution">Neo-abolitionism</a> view prostitution as inherently abusive and a form of <a href="/wiki/Violence_against_women" title="Violence against women">violence against women</a>.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> Prostitutes are not prosecuted, but their clients and pimps are. In 1999, after lobbying by a coalition of feminists and Christians, Sweden criminalized the buying, not the selling, of sex and neo-abolitionism has come to also be known as the "Nordic model". It has since become law in France, Norway and Iceland (in Norway the law is even more strict, forbidding also having sex with a prostitute abroad).<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> Exxpose, a Dutch group led by evangelical students gathered 40,000 signatures for a petition for the Dutch parliament to adopt the Swedish model but were unsuccessful.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> Advocates feel that legalizing and regulating prostitution creates a parallel illegal prostitution industry, and fails to dissociate the legal part of the sex trade from crime.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> In 1949, the <a href="/wiki/UN_General_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="UN General Assembly">UN General Assembly</a> adopted a <a href="/wiki/Convention_for_the_Suppression_of_the_Traffic_in_Persons_and_of_the_Exploitation_of_the_Prostitution_of_Others" title="Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others">convention</a> stating that "prostitution and the accompanying evil of the traffic in persons for the purpose of prostitution are incompatible with the dignity and worth of the human person",<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> requiring all signing parties to punish pimps and brothel owners and operators and to abolish all special treatment or registration of prostitutes. As of January 2009, the convention was ratified by 95 member nations including France, Spain, Italy, Denmark, and not ratified by another 97 member nations including Germany, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States. In February 2014, the members of the European Parliament voted in a non-binding resolution, (adopted by 343 votes to 139; with 105 abstentions), in favor of the 'Swedish Model' of criminalizing the buying, but not the selling of sex.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prohibitionism">Prohibitionism</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Extortion" title="Extortion">Extortion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blackmail" title="Blackmail">Blackmail</a></div> In <a href="/wiki/Prohibitionism" title="Prohibitionism">prohibitionism</a>, both prostitutes and clients are criminalized and are seen as immoral, they are considered criminals. This is the prevailing attitude nearly everywhere in the United States, with a few exceptions in some rural <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a> counties (see <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Nevada" title="Prostitution in Nevada">Prostitution in Nevada</a>) Prostitution, often when it is illegal, is used in <a href="/wiki/Extortion" title="Extortion">extortion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blackmail" title="Blackmail">blackmail</a>, which always involves extortion, where the extortionist threatens to reveal information about a victim or their family members that is potentially embarrassing, socially damaging, or incriminating unless a demand for money, property, or services is met. The subject of the extortion may be manipulated into or voluntarily solicit the use of prostitution which is then later used to extort money or for profit otherwise. The film <a href="/wiki/The_Godfather_Part_II" title="The Godfather Part II">The Godfather Part II</a> famously depicts the role of Senator Geary who is implicated in the use of prostitution in order to gain his compliance on political issues.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Survival_sex">Survival sex</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Survival_sex" title="Survival sex">Survival sex</a></div> Survival sex is when the prostitute is driven to prostitution by a need for basic necessities such as food or shelter. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Drug_addicts">Drug addicts</h3></div> Drug addiction is associated with increased odds of survival sex work.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Homeless">Homeless</h3></div> Researchers estimate that of <a href="/wiki/Homeless_youth" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeless youth">homeless youth</a> in <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>, one in three has engaged in survival sex. In one study of homeless youth in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, about one-third of females and half of males said they had engaged in survival sex.<a href="#cite_note-Flowers_2010_110–112-136">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Refugees">Refugees</h3></div> Survival sex is common in <a href="/wiki/Refugee_camp" title="Refugee camp">refugee camps</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Internally_displaced_persons" class="mw-redirect" title="Internally displaced persons">internally displaced persons</a> camps in northern <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a>, where 1.4 million civilians have been displaced by conflict between Ugandan government forces and the militant <a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Resistance_Army" title="Lord's Resistance Army">Lord's Resistance Army</a>, <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> reported in 2005 that displaced women and girls were engaging in survival sex with other camp residents, local defense personnel, and Ugandan government soldiers.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Illegal_migrants">Illegal migrants</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration" title="Illegal immigration">Illegal immigration</a></div> A difficulty facing migrant prostitutes in many developed countries is the illegal residence status of some of these women. They face potential deportation, and so do not have recourse to the law. This increases their fear of reporting violence they may suffer, due to their fear of being deported, as well as fear of reprisal from human traffickers.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> The immigration status of the persons who sell sexual services is—particularly in Western Europe—a controversial and highly debated political issue. Currently, in most of these countries, most prostitutes are immigrants, mainly from Eastern and Central Europe; in Spain and Italy 90% of prostitutes are estimated to be migrants, in Austria 78%, in Switzerland 75%, in Greece 73%, in Norway 70% (according to a 2009 <a href="/wiki/TAMPEP" title="TAMPEP">TAMPEP</a> report, Sex Work in Europe-A mapping of the prostitution scene in 25 European countries).<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> An article in <a href="/wiki/Le_Monde_diplomatique" title="Le Monde diplomatique">Le Monde diplomatique</a> in 1997 stated that 80% of prostitutes in <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a> were foreigners and 70% had no immigration papers.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Caste_prostitutes">Caste prostitutes</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Caste_in_the_sex_industry" title="Caste in the sex industry">Caste in the sex industry</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hyewon-Cheonggeum.sangryeon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Hyewon-Cheonggeum.sangryeon.jpg/220px-Hyewon-Cheonggeum.sangryeon.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Hyewon-Cheonggeum.sangryeon.jpg/330px-Hyewon-Cheonggeum.sangryeon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Hyewon-Cheonggeum.sangryeon.jpg/440px-Hyewon-Cheonggeum.sangryeon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="789" data-file-height="629" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kisaeng" title="Kisaeng">Kisaeng</a> women from outcast or slave families.</figcaption></figure> Castes are largely hereditary social classes often emerging around certain professions. Lower castes are associated with professions considered "unclean", which has often included prostitution. In pre-modern Korea, some women from the <a href="/wiki/Caste_system_in_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Caste system in Korea">lower caste</a> <a href="/wiki/Cheonmin" title="Cheonmin">Cheonmin</a>, known as <a href="/wiki/Kisaeng" title="Kisaeng">Kisaeng</a>, were trained to provide entertainment, conversation, and sexual services to men of the upper class.<a href="#cite_note-Cho103-144">[144]</a> In South Asia, <a href="/wiki/Caste_system_in_India" title="Caste system in India">castes</a> associated with prostitution today include the <a href="/wiki/Bedia_(caste)" title="Bedia (caste)">Bedias</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Ranaetal-145">[145]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Perna_caste" title="Perna caste">Perna caste</a>,<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Banchhada" title="Banchhada">Banchhada</a>,<a href="#cite_note-TheGuardian-147">[147]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Nat_caste" class="mw-redirect" title="Nat caste">Nat caste</a> and, in <a href="/wiki/Caste_system_in_Nepal" title="Caste system in Nepal">Nepal</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Badi_people" title="Badi people">Badi people</a>.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elderly">Elderly</h3></div> Prostitution among the elderly is a phenomenon reported in <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> where <a href="/wiki/Elderly" class="mw-redirect" title="Elderly">elderly</a> women, called <a href="/wiki/Bacchus_Ladies" title="Bacchus Ladies">Bacchus Ladies</a>, turn to prostitution out of necessity. They are called that because many also sell the popular <a href="/wiki/Bacchus-F" title="Bacchus-F">Bacchus</a> energy drink to make ends meet. <a href="/wiki/State_pension" class="mw-redirect" title="State pension">State pensions</a> of about <a href="/wiki/South_Korean_won" title="South Korean won">₩</a>200,000 (<a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>168) provide a basic income but are often not enough to cover the rising medical bills of old age. It first arose after the <a href="/wiki/1997_Asian_financial_crisis" title="1997 Asian financial crisis">1997 Asian financial crisis</a> when it became more difficult for children and grandchildren to support their elders. Clients tend to be more senior. The use of erection-inducing injections with reused needles has contributed to the spread of sexually transmitted infections.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Forced_prostitution">Forced prostitution</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Forced_prostitution" title="Forced prostitution">Forced prostitution</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking" title="Sex trafficking">Sex trafficking</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinese_girl_from_one_of_the_Japanese_Army%27s_%27comfort_battalions%27.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Chinese_girl_from_one_of_the_Japanese_Army%27s_%27comfort_battalions%27.jpg/220px-Chinese_girl_from_one_of_the_Japanese_Army%27s_%27comfort_battalions%27.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Chinese_girl_from_one_of_the_Japanese_Army%27s_%27comfort_battalions%27.jpg/330px-Chinese_girl_from_one_of_the_Japanese_Army%27s_%27comfort_battalions%27.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Chinese_girl_from_one_of_the_Japanese_Army%27s_%27comfort_battalions%27.jpg/440px-Chinese_girl_from_one_of_the_Japanese_Army%27s_%27comfort_battalions%27.jpg 2x" data-file-width="757" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>A liberated <a href="/wiki/Chinese_people" title="Chinese people">Chinese</a> girl who had been <a href="/wiki/Comfort_woman" class="mw-redirect" title="Comfort woman">forced in to sexual slavery by the Japanese military</a> sits on a stretcher and speaks to a <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a> officer.<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a></figcaption></figure> Sex trafficking is defined as using coercion or force to transport an unwilling person into prostitution or other sexual exploitation.<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> The United Nations stated in 2009 that <a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking" title="Sex trafficking">sex trafficking</a> is the most commonly identified form of human trafficking and estimates that about 79% of human trafficking reported is for prostitution (although the study notes that this may be the result of statistical bias and that sex trafficking tends to receive the most attention and be the most visible).<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> Sex trafficking has been described by Kul Gautum, deputy executive director of <a href="/wiki/UNICEF" title="UNICEF">UNICEF</a>, as "the largest <a href="/wiki/History_of_slavery" title="History of slavery">slave trade</a> in history."<a href="#cite_note-bbcnews-155">[155]</a> It is also the fastest growing <a href="/wiki/Organized_crime" title="Organized crime">criminal industry</a>, predicted to outgrow drug trafficking.<a href="#cite_note-voa-156">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a><a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> While there may be a higher number of people involved in <a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">slavery</a> today than at any time in history, the proportion of the population is probably the smallest in history.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-time-160">[160]</a> "Annually, according to U.S. Government-sponsored research completed in 2006, approximately 800,000 people are trafficked across national borders, which does not include millions trafficked within their own countries. Approximately 80 percent of transnational victims are women and girls and up to 50 percent are minors", estimated the US Department of State in a 2008 study, in reference to the number of people estimated to be victims of all forms of human trafficking.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> Due in part to the illegal and underground nature of sex trafficking, the actual extent of women and children forced into prostitution is unknown. A statistical analysis of various measures of trafficking found that the legal status of prostitution did not have a significant impact on trafficking.<a href="#cite_note-Cho1-13">[13]</a> Globally, forced labour generates an estimated $31 billion, about half of it in the industrialized world and around one-tenth in transitional countries, according to the <a href="/wiki/International_Labour_Organization" title="International Labour Organization">International Labour Organization</a> (ILO) in a report on forced labour ("A global alliance against forced labour", ILO, 11 May 2005).<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> International trafficking of people has been heavily facilitated by communication technologies.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> The most common destinations for victims of human trafficking are Thailand, Japan, Israel, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Italy, Turkey, and the US, according to a report by the UNODC (<a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_on_Drugs_and_Crime" title="United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime">UN Office on Drugs and Crime</a>).<a href="#cite_note-news.bbc.co.uk-164">[164]</a> Major sources of trafficked persons include Thailand, China, Nigeria, Albania, Bulgaria, Belarus, Moldova, and Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-news.bbc.co.uk-164">[164]</a> The legalization of buying sex is associated with higher human trafficking inflows than countries where it is prohibited. The type of legalization, such as allowing third-party involvement (i.e, “pimps”), is not shown to make a difference in the effect of sex trafficking inflows.<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Use_of_children">Use of children</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_of_children" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution of children">Prostitution of children</a></div> Regarding the <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_of_children" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution of children">prostitution of children</a> the laws on prostitution as well as those on sex with a child apply. If prostitution, in general, is legal there is usually a minimum age requirement for legal prostitution that is higher than the general <a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent" title="Age of consent">age of consent</a> (see above for some examples). In the early 1990s, some countries, mainly in Latin America, did not single out patronage of child prostitution as a separate crime.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> According to Steinman (2002), by the early 2000s, several such countries had passed laws against child prostitution, yet they were weakly enforced, and pimps continued to profit from the exploitation of minors in Latin America.<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> Children are sold into the global sex trade every year. Often they are kidnapped or orphaned, and sometimes they are sold by their own families. According to the International Labour Organization, the occurrence is especially common in places such as Thailand, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Cambodia, Nepal, and India.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> In India, the federal police say that around 1.2 million children are believed to be involved in prostitution.<a href="#cite_note-cnn.com-169">[169]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Central_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Central Bureau of Investigation">CBI</a> statement said that studies and surveys sponsored by the ministry of women and child development estimated that about 40% of all India's prostitutes are children.<a href="#cite_note-cnn.com-169">[169]</a> Children are often medicated to make them appear more mature. In Bangladesh, child prostitutes are known to take the drug Oradexon, also known as <a href="/wiki/Dexamethasone" title="Dexamethasone">dexamethasone</a>. This over-the-counter <a href="/wiki/Steroid" title="Steroid">steroid</a>, usually used by farmers to fatten cattle, makes child prostitutes look larger and older. Charities say that 90% of prostitutes in the country's legalized brothels use the drug. According to social activists, the steroid can cause <a href="/wiki/Diabetes" title="Diabetes">diabetes</a>, <a href="/wiki/High_blood_pressure" class="mw-redirect" title="High blood pressure">high blood pressure</a> and is highly addictive.<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a> In India, some girls are injected with <a href="/wiki/Oxytocin" title="Oxytocin">oxytocin</a> to make their breasts grow faster.<a href="#cite_note-TheStar-173">[173]</a> Thailand's Health System Research Institute reported that children in prostitution make up 40% of prostitutes in Thailand.<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> Some adults travel to other countries to have access to sex with children, which is unavailable in their home country. Cambodia has become a notorious destination for sex with children.<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a><a href="#cite_note-worldvision-176">[176]</a> Thailand is also a destination for child sex tourism.<a href="#cite_note-worldvision-176">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a> Several western countries have recently enacted laws with extraterritorial reach, punishing citizens who engage in sex with minors in other countries. As the crime usually goes undiscovered, these laws are rarely enforced.<a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a><a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a><a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sex_care_for_the_disabled">Sex care for the disabled</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Sexuality_and_disability" title="Sexuality and disability">Sexuality and disability</a></div> Prostitution is seen by some people with disabilities, or some people with neurological differences – such as some on the <a href="/wiki/Autism_spectrum" class="mw-redirect" title="Autism spectrum">autism spectrum</a> – to be an effective way to have sexual experiences, find intimacy or receive human affection that may be difficult for them to come by via traditional means and that may be lacking in their lives.<a href="#cite_note-The_National_Student-181">[181]</a><a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a> A poll by <a href="/wiki/The_Observer" title="The Observer">The Observer</a> in 2008 indicated that 70% of Britons would not consider having sex with someone who has a physical disability.<a href="#cite_note-The_National_Student-181">[181]</a> Some people that have disabilities are referred to prostitutes by friends or family, such as a parent or guardian, carers, or support workers.<a href="#cite_note-News_AU-183">[183]</a> In 2021, a UK judge ruled that council care workers can help disabled people meet prostitutes without breaking the law.<a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> Prostitutes that cater to people with disabilities have argued that people with disabilities have the same needs and desires as everyone else.<a href="#cite_note-News_AU-183">[183]</a> In some countries such as <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> access to sex workers for those with disabilities is funded by the state on the basis that sexuality is a human right and leads to improved well-being for people with disabilities.<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a><a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Procurement_methods">Procurement methods</h2></div> In countries where prostitution is legal, advertising it may be legal (as in the <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Netherlands" title="Prostitution in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a>) or illegal (as in <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_India" title="Prostitution in India">India</a>). Covert advertising for prostitution can take a number of forms: <ul><li>by cards in newsagents' windows</li> <li>by cards placed in public telephone enclosures: so-called <a href="/wiki/Tart_card" title="Tart card">tart cards</a></li> <li>by euphemistic advertisements in regular magazines and newspapers (for instance, talking of "massages" or "relaxation")</li> <li>in specialist <a href="/wiki/Contact_magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Contact magazine">contact magazines</a></li> <li>via the <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">Internet</a></li></ul> In the United States, <a href="/wiki/Massage_parlor" title="Massage parlor">massage parlors</a> serving as a cover for prostitution may advertise "full service", a euphemism for coitus.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERathusNevidFichner-Rathus2002-187">[187]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Valley" title="Las Vegas Valley">Las Vegas</a>, prostitution is often promoted overtly on the <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Strip" title="Las Vegas Strip">Las Vegas Strip</a> by third party workers distributing risque flyers with the pictures and phone numbers of escorts (despite the fact that prostitution is illegal in Las Vegas and <a href="/wiki/Clark_County,_Nevada" title="Clark County, Nevada">Clark County</a>, see <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Nevada" title="Prostitution in Nevada">Prostitution in Nevada</a>). The way in which prostitutes advertise their presence varies widely. Some remain in apartments that have hints or clues outside such as posters with "model" written on them to lure potential customers inside. Others advertise by putting numbers or locations in <a href="/wiki/Telephone_booth" title="Telephone booth">phoneboxes</a> or in online or newspaper ads. In more sexually permissive societies, prostitutes can advertise in public view, such as through display windows. In sexually restrictive societies it may occur through word-of-mouth and other means.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScamblerScambler19971920-188">[188]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Street">Street</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Street_prostitution" title="Street prostitution">Street prostitution</a></div> In street prostitution, the prostitute solicits customers while waiting at street corners, sometimes called "the track" by <a href="/wiki/Pimp" class="mw-redirect" title="Pimp">pimps</a> and prostitutes alike. They usually dress in skimpy, provocative clothing, regardless of the weather. In American usage, street prostitutes are often called "streetwalkers" while their customers are referred to as "tricks" or "johns". Servicing the customers is described as "turning tricks". The sex is usually performed in the customer's car, in a nearby alley, or in a rented room. Motels and hotels that accommodate prostitutes commonly rent rooms by half or full hour. In Russia and other countries of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">former USSR</a>, prostitution takes the form of an open-air market. One prostitute stands by a roadside and directs cars to a so-called "tochka" (usually located in alleyways or carparks), where lines of women are paraded for customers in front of their car headlights. The client selects a prostitute, whom he takes away in his car. Prevalent in the late 1990s, this type of service has been steadily declining in recent years. A "lot lizard" is a commonly encountered special case of street prostitution.<a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a> Lot lizards mainly serve those in the <a href="/wiki/Semi-trailer_truck" title="Semi-trailer truck">trucking industry</a> at <a href="/wiki/Truck_stop" title="Truck stop">truck stops</a> and stopping centers. Prostitutes will often proposition <a href="/wiki/Trucker" class="mw-redirect" title="Trucker">truckers</a> using a <a href="/wiki/CB_radio" class="mw-redirect" title="CB radio">CB radio</a> from a vehicle parked in the non-commercial section of a truck stop parking lot, communicating through codes based on commercial driving slang, then join the driver in his truck. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Window_prostitution">Window prostitution</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prostata_Prostitute.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Prostata_Prostitute.jpg/220px-Prostata_Prostitute.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Prostata_Prostitute.jpg/330px-Prostata_Prostitute.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Prostata_Prostitute.jpg/440px-Prostata_Prostitute.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>A prostitute in Amsterdam's <a href="/wiki/Red-light_district" title="Red-light district">red-light district</a> talks with a potential customer.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Window_prostitution" title="Window prostitution">Window prostitution</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_prostitute_in_a_window_of_the_red_light_district_in_Utrecht_in_the_Netherlands.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/A_prostitute_in_a_window_of_the_red_light_district_in_Utrecht_in_the_Netherlands.jpg/220px-A_prostitute_in_a_window_of_the_red_light_district_in_Utrecht_in_the_Netherlands.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/A_prostitute_in_a_window_of_the_red_light_district_in_Utrecht_in_the_Netherlands.jpg/330px-A_prostitute_in_a_window_of_the_red_light_district_in_Utrecht_in_the_Netherlands.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/A_prostitute_in_a_window_of_the_red_light_district_in_Utrecht_in_the_Netherlands.jpg/440px-A_prostitute_in_a_window_of_the_red_light_district_in_Utrecht_in_the_Netherlands.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="1224" /></a><figcaption>Boat based window prostitute in Utrecht</figcaption></figure> Window prostitution is a form of prostitution that is fairly common in the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> and surrounding countries.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDi_NicolaCauduroLombardiRuspini2009-190">[190]</a> The prostitute rents a window plus workspace off a window operator for a certain period of time, often per day or part of a day.<a href="#cite_note-advisor-191">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-info-192">[192]</a><a href="#cite_note-hulp-193">[193]</a> The prostitute is also independent and recruits her own customers and also negotiates the price and the services to be provided.<a href="#cite_note-advisor-191">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-info-192">[192]</a><a href="#cite_note-hulp-193">[193]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brothels">Brothels</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Brothel" title="Brothel">Brothel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Red-light_district" title="Red-light district">Red-light district</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pascha_K%C3%B6ln.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Pascha_K%C3%B6ln.jpg/170px-Pascha_K%C3%B6ln.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Pascha_K%C3%B6ln.jpg/255px-Pascha_K%C3%B6ln.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Pascha_K%C3%B6ln.jpg/340px-Pascha_K%C3%B6ln.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pascha_(brothel)" title="Pascha (brothel)">Pascha brothel</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a>, Germany, the largest brothel in Europe.<a href="#cite_note-faz-194">[194]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/2006_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2006 FIFA World Cup">2006 FIFA World Cup</a>, the poster with the <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabian flag">Saudi Arabian flag</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iranian_flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian flag">Iranian flag</a> blacked out after protests and threats.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Brothel" title="Brothel">Brothels</a> are establishments specifically dedicated to prostitution, often confined to special <a href="/wiki/Red-light_district" title="Red-light district">red-light districts</a> in big cities. Other names for brothels include bordello, whorehouse, cathouse, knocking shop, and general houses. Prostitution also occurs in some <a href="/wiki/Massage" title="Massage">massage</a> <a href="/wiki/Massage_parlor" title="Massage parlor">parlours</a>, and in Asian countries in some <a href="/wiki/Barber" title="Barber">barber</a> shops where sexual services may be offered as a secondary function of the premises. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Escorts">Escorts</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Phone_box_prostitute_calling_cards_1_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Phone_box_prostitute_calling_cards_1_crop.jpg/220px-Phone_box_prostitute_calling_cards_1_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Phone_box_prostitute_calling_cards_1_crop.jpg/330px-Phone_box_prostitute_calling_cards_1_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Phone_box_prostitute_calling_cards_1_crop.jpg/440px-Phone_box_prostitute_calling_cards_1_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1374" data-file-height="1204" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tart_card" title="Tart card">Tart cards</a> in a British <a href="/wiki/Telephone_booth" title="Telephone booth">phone box</a> advertising <a href="/wiki/Call_girl" title="Call girl">call girls</a>, 2005</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Call_girl" title="Call girl">Call girl</a> and <a href="/wiki/Escort_agency" title="Escort agency">Escort agency</a></div> Escort services may be distinguished from prostitution or other forms of prostitution in that sexual activities are often not explicitly advertised as necessarily included in these services; rather, payment is often noted as being for an escort's time and companionship only, although there is often an implicit assumption that sexual activities are expected. In escort prostitution, the act takes place at the customer's residence or hotel room (referred to as out-call), or at the escort's residence, or in a hotel room rented for the occasion by the escort (called in-call). The prostitute may be independent or working under the auspices of an <a href="/wiki/Escort_agency" title="Escort agency">escort agency</a>. Services may be advertised over the Internet, in regional publications, or in local telephone listings. Use of the Internet by prostitutes and customers is common.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESiegel2007-195">[195]</a> A prostitute may use adult boards or create a website of their own with contact details, such as email addresses. Adult contact sites, chats, and online communities are also used. This, in turn, has brought increased scrutiny from law enforcement, public officials, and activist groups toward online prostitution. In 2009, <a href="/wiki/Craigslist" title="Craigslist">Craigslist</a> came under fire for its role in facilitating online prostitution, and was sued by some 40 US state attorneys general, local prosecutors, and law enforcement officials. Reviews of the services of individual prostitutes can often be found at various escort review boards worldwide. These <a href="/wiki/Online_forum" class="mw-redirect" title="Online forum">online forums</a> are used to trade information between potential clients, and also by prostitutes to advertise the various services available. Sex workers, in turn, often use online forums of their own to exchange information on clients, particularly to warn others about dangerous clients. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sex_tourism">Sex tourism</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Sex_tourism" title="Sex tourism">Sex tourism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Child_sex_tourism" title="Child sex tourism">Child sex tourism</a></div> <a href="/wiki/Sex_tourism" title="Sex tourism">Sex tourism</a> is travel for <a href="/wiki/Sexual_intercourse" title="Sexual intercourse">sexual intercourse</a> with prostitutes or to engage in other sexual activity. The <a href="/wiki/World_Tourism_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="World Tourism Organization">World Tourism Organization</a>, a specialized agency of the United Nations, defines sex tourism as "trips organized from within the tourism sector, or from outside this sector but using its structures and networks, with the primary purpose of effecting a commercial sexual relationship by the tourist with residents at the destination".<a href="#cite_note-WTO-196">[196]</a> As opposed to regular sex tourism, which is often legal, a tourist who has sex with a <a href="/wiki/Child_prostitution" title="Child prostitution">child prostitute</a> will usually be committing a crime in the host country, under the laws of his own country (notwithstanding him being outside of it) and against <a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">international law</a>. Child sex tourism (CST) is defined as travel to a foreign country for the purpose of engaging in commercially facilitated <a href="/wiki/Child_sexual_abuse" title="Child sexual abuse">child sexual abuse</a>.<a href="#cite_note-deptstate-197">[197]</a> Thailand, Cambodia, India, Brazil, and Mexico have been identified as leading hotspots of child sexual exploitation.<a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Virtual_sex">Virtual sex</h3></div> <a href="/wiki/Virtual_sex" title="Virtual sex">Virtual sex</a>, that is, sexual acts conveyed by messages rather than physically, is also the subject of commercial transactions. Commercial <a href="/wiki/Phone_sex" title="Phone sex">phone sex</a> services have been available for decades. The advent of the Internet has made other forms of virtual sex available for money, including computer-mediated <a href="/wiki/Cybersex" title="Cybersex">cybersex</a>, in which sexual services are provided in text form by way of <a href="/wiki/Chat_room" title="Chat room">chat rooms</a> or <a href="/wiki/Instant_messaging" title="Instant messaging">instant messaging</a>, or audiovisually through a <a href="/wiki/Webcam" title="Webcam">webcam</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Webcam_model" title="Webcam model">camgirl</a>). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization">Organization</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Labor_unions">Labor unions</h3></div> The <a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Sex_Workers" title="International Union of Sex Workers">International Union of Sex Workers</a> is a United Kingdom-based <a href="/wiki/Labor_union" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor union">labor union</a> for sex workers and is affiliated with the <a href="/wiki/General_union" title="General union">general trade union</a>, <a href="/wiki/GMB_(trade_union)" title="GMB (trade union)">GMB</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Communities">Communities</h3></div> <a href="/wiki/Daulatdia" title="Daulatdia">Daulatdia</a>, sometimes called the world's largest brothel, is an entire village in Bangladesh dedicated to prostitution. Many were born there, being the children of prostitutes.<a href="#cite_note-jackman-199">[199]</a> Another similar community in Bangladesh is <a href="/wiki/Kandapara" title="Kandapara">Kandapara</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:3-200">[200]</a> The village of <a href="/wiki/Vadia_(Banaskantha)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vadia (Banaskantha)">Vadia</a>, India, is known locally as the village of prostitutes, where unmarried women are involved in prostitution. Mass weddings for children of prostitutes in the village are held to protect them from being pushed into prostitution.<a href="#cite_note-201">[201]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prevalence">Prevalence</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1787-prostitutes-caricature.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/1787-prostitutes-caricature.jpg/220px-1787-prostitutes-caricature.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/1787-prostitutes-caricature.jpg/330px-1787-prostitutes-caricature.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/1787-prostitutes-caricature.jpg/440px-1787-prostitutes-caricature.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1955" data-file-height="2597" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Political_cartoon" title="Political cartoon">political cartoon</a> from 1787 jesting about the notion of taxation affecting prostitutes</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sex_worker_statue_Oudekerksplein_Amsterdam.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Sex_worker_statue_Oudekerksplein_Amsterdam.jpg/220px-Sex_worker_statue_Oudekerksplein_Amsterdam.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Sex_worker_statue_Oudekerksplein_Amsterdam.jpg/330px-Sex_worker_statue_Oudekerksplein_Amsterdam.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Sex_worker_statue_Oudekerksplein_Amsterdam.jpg/440px-Sex_worker_statue_Oudekerksplein_Amsterdam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Statue to honor the <a href="/wiki/Sex_worker" title="Sex worker">sex workers</a> of the world. Installed March 2007 in <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a>, Oudekerksplein, in front of the <a href="/wiki/Oude_Kerk_(Amsterdam)" class="mw-redirect" title="Oude Kerk (Amsterdam)">Oude Kerk</a>, in Amsterdam's red-light district <a href="/wiki/De_Wallen" title="De Wallen">De Wallen</a>. Titled Belle, the inscription to the piece says "Respect sex workers all over the world."</figcaption></figure> According to the paper "Estimating the prevalence and career longevity of prostitute women",<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPotteratWoodhouseMuthMuth1990-202">[202]</a> the number of full-time equivalent prostitutes in a typical area in the United States (Colorado Springs, CO, during 1970–1988) is estimated at 23 per 100,000 population (0.023%), of which some 4% were under 18. The length of these prostitutes' working careers was estimated at a mean of 5 years. According to a 2012 report by Fondation Scelles there are between 40 and 42 million prostitutes in the world.<a href="#cite_note-203">[203]</a> In 2003, it was estimated that in <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a>, one woman in 35 was working as a prostitute, compared to one in 300 in London.<a href="#cite_note-204">[204]</a> The number of men who have used a prostitute at least once varies widely from country to country, from an estimated low of between 7%<a href="#cite_note-205">[205]</a> and 8.8%<a href="#cite_note-Who_pays_for_sex?-206">[206]</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prostitution in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, to a high of between 59% and 80% in Cambodia.<a href="#cite_note-ProCon-207">[207]</a> A study conducted by <a href="/wiki/ProCon.org" title="ProCon.org">ProCon</a> – a nonpartisan nonprofit organization – estimated the percentage of men who had paid for sex at least once in their lives, and found the highest rates in Cambodia (between 59 and 80% of men had paid for sex at least once) and Thailand (an estimated 75%), followed by Italy (16.7–45%), Spain (27–39%), Japan (37%), the Netherlands (13.5–21.6%), the United States (15.0–20.0%), and China (6.4-20%).<a href="#cite_note-ProCon-207">[207]</a> Nations with higher rates of prostitution clients display much more positive attitudes towards commercial sex.<a href="#cite_note-ProCon-207">[207]</a> In some countries, such as Cambodia and Thailand, sex with prostitutes is considered commonplace and men who do not engage in commercial sex may be considered unusual by their peers.<a href="#cite_note-ProCon-207">[207]</a> In Thailand, it has been reported that about 75% of men have visited a prostitute at least once in their lifetimes. In Cambodia, that figure is 59% to 80%.<a href="#cite_note-ProCon-207">[207]</a> In the United States, a 2004 TNS poll reported 15% of all men admitted to having paid for sex at least once in their life.<a href="#cite_note-208">[208]</a> However, a paper entitled "Prostitution and the sex discrepancy in reported number of sexual partners" concluded that men's self-reporting of prostitutes as sexual partners provides a serious underestimate.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrewerPotteratGarrett200012385–12388-209">[209]</a> In Australia, a survey conducted in the early 2000s showed that 15.6% of men aged 16–59 reported paying for sex at least once in their life, and 1.9% had done so in the past year.<a href="#cite_note-210">[210]</a> Reports disagree on whether prostitution levels are growing or declining in <a href="/wiki/Developed_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="Developed countries">developed countries</a>. Some studies indicate that the percentage of men engaging in commercial sex in the United States has declined significantly in recent decades: in 1964, an estimated 69–80% of men had paid for sex at least once.<a href="#cite_note-ProCon-207">[207]</a> Some have suggested that prostitution levels have fallen in sexually liberal countries, most likely because of the increased availability of non-commercial, non-marital sex<a href="#cite_note-211">[211]</a> or, for example in Sweden, because of stricter legal penalties.<a href="#cite_note-212">[212]</a> Other reports suggest a growth in prostitution levels, for example in the US,<a href="#cite_note-213">[213]</a> where again, sexual liberalisation is suggested as the cause. As Norma Ramos, executive director of the <a href="/wiki/Coalition_Against_Trafficking_in_Women" title="Coalition Against Trafficking in Women">Coalition Against Trafficking in Women</a> says "The more the commercial <a href="/wiki/Sex_industry" title="Sex industry">sex industry</a> normalizes this behavior, the more of this behavior you get".<a href="#cite_note-214">[214]</a> Prostitutes have long plied their trades to the military in many cultures. For example, the British naval port of <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth" title="Portsmouth">Portsmouth</a> had a flourishing local sex industry in the 19th century, and until the early 1990s there were large <a href="/wiki/Red-light_district" title="Red-light district">red-light districts</a> near American military bases in the Philippines. The notorious <a href="/wiki/Patpong" title="Patpong">Patpong</a> entertainment district in <a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a>, Thailand, started as an <a href="/wiki/R%26R_(military)" title="R&R (military)">R&R</a> location for US troops serving in the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> in the early 1970s. Washington D.C. itself had <a href="/wiki/Murder_Bay" title="Murder Bay">Murder Bay</a> which attracted the military of the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Violence_against_prostitutes">Violence against prostitutes</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Violence_against_prostitutes" title="Violence against prostitutes">Violence against prostitutes</a></div> Street prostitutes are at higher risk of <a href="/wiki/Violent_crime" title="Violent crime">violent crime</a> than brothel prostitutes and bar prostitutes.<a href="#cite_note-215">[215]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECarroll2009527-216">[216]</a> In the United States, the homicide rate for female prostitutes was estimated to be 204 per 100,000.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPotteratBrewerMuth2004CastilloJenkins1994-217">[217]</a> There are substantial differences in rates of victimization between street prostitutes and indoor prostitutes who work as escorts, call girls, or in brothels and massage parlors.<a href="#cite_note-218">[218]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeitzer2000-219">[219]</a> Violence against male prostitutes is less common.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDynes20161054–1058-220">[220]</a> The call to decriminalize selling sex is in part to reduce harm and violence. Under criminalization, prostitutes become more vulnerable to be victims of crimes, even by serial killers, because those committing crimes know that prostitutes would be less likely to report such crimes to the police as they would risk arrest. Additionally, this puts prostitutes at risk of violence by police as police are able to extort prostitutes by threatening arrest. The <a href="/wiki/ACLU" class="mw-redirect" title="ACLU">ACLU</a>, <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> argue that, in addition to decriminalize selling sex as in the <a href="/wiki/Nordic_model_approach_to_prostitution" title="Nordic model approach to prostitution">Nordic model</a>, decriminalizing buying sex makes it more safer for prostitutes.<a href="#cite_note-221">[221]</a><a href="#cite_note-222">[222]</a><a href="#cite_note-223">[223]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medical_situation">Medical situation</h2></div> In some places, prostitution may be associated with the spread of <a href="/wiki/Sexually_transmitted_infection" title="Sexually transmitted infection">sexually transmitted infections</a> (STIs). Lack of condom use among prostitutes and their clients has been cited as a factor in the spread of HIV in Asia: "One of the main reasons for the rapid spread of HIV in Asian countries is the massive transmission among sex workers and clients".<a href="#cite_note-Rojanap-224">[224]</a> As a result, prevention campaigns aimed at increasing condom use by sex workers have been attributed to play a major role in restricting the spread of HIV.<a href="#cite_note-AVERTHIVSexWorkers-225">[225]</a> One of the sources for the spread of HIV in Africa is prostitution, with one study finding that encounters with prostitutes produced 84% of new HIV infections in adult males in Accra, Ghana.<a href="#cite_note-226">[226]</a> The spread of HIV from urban settings to rural areas in Africa has been attributed to the mobility of farmers who visit sex workers in cities, for example in Ethiopia.<a href="#cite_note-227">[227]</a> Some studies of prostitution in urban settings in developing countries, such as Kenya, have stated that prostitution acts as a reservoir of STIs within the general population.<a href="#cite_note-228">[228]</a> Typical responses to the problem are: <ul><li>banning prostitution completely</li> <li>introducing a system of <a href="/wiki/Licensure" class="mw-redirect" title="Licensure">registration</a> for prostitutes that mandates health checks and other public health measures</li> <li>educating prostitutes and their clients to encourage the use of <a href="/wiki/Barrier_contraception" class="mw-redirect" title="Barrier contraception">barrier contraception</a> and greater interaction with health care</li></ul> Some think that the first two measures are counter-productive. Banning prostitution tends to drive it underground, making safe sex promotion, treatment, and monitoring more difficult. Registering prostitutes makes the state complicit in prostitution and does not address the health risks of unregistered prostitutes. Both of the last two measures can be viewed as <a href="/wiki/Harm_reduction" title="Harm reduction">harm reduction</a> policies. In countries and areas where safer sex precautions are either unavailable or not practiced for cultural reasons, prostitution is an active disease vector for all STIs, including HIV/AIDS, but the encouragement of <a href="/wiki/Safer_sex" class="mw-redirect" title="Safer sex">safer sex</a> practices, combined with regular testing for sexually transmitted infections, has been very successful when applied consistently. As an example, Thailand's condom program has been largely responsible for the country's progress against the HIV epidemic.<a href="#cite_note-Rojanap-224">[224]</a> It has been estimated that successful implementation of safe sex practices in India "would drive the [HIV] epidemic to extinction" while similar measures could achieve a 50% reduction in Botswana.<a href="#cite_note-229">[229]</a> In 2009, <a href="/wiki/UN_Secretary-General" class="mw-redirect" title="UN Secretary-General">UN Secretary-General</a> <a href="/wiki/Ban_Ki-moon" title="Ban Ki-moon">Ban Ki-moon</a> urged all countries to remove bans on prostitution and homosexual sex, because "such laws constitute major barriers to reaching key populations with HIV services". In 2012, the Global Commission on HIV and the Law, which was convened by Ban Ki-moon, and which is an independent body, was established at the request of the <a href="/wiki/Joint_United_Nations_Programme_on_HIV/AIDS" title="Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS">UNAIDS</a>, and supported by a Secretariat based at the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" title="United Nations Development Programme">UNDP</a>,<a href="#cite_note-hivlawcommission.org-230">[230]</a> reached the same conclusions, also recommending decriminalization of <a href="/wiki/Brothel" title="Brothel">brothels</a> and <a href="/wiki/Procuring_(prostitution)" title="Procuring (prostitution)">procuring</a>.<a href="#cite_note-231">[231]</a><a href="#cite_note-wt-232">[232]</a><a href="#cite_note-233">[233]</a> Nevertheless, the report states that: "The content, analysis, opinions and policy recommendations contained in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Development Programme."<a href="#cite_note-hivlawcommission.org-230">[230]</a> The <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> has <a href="/wiki/Sex_work#History" title="Sex work">had an impact on sex work</a>. During the COVID-19 pandemic, contact professions (which includes prostitution, amongst others) had been banned (temporarily) in some countries. This has resulted in a local reduction of prostitution.<a href="#cite_note-234">[234]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Psychological_issues">Psychological issues</h3></div> De Marneffe (2009) argued that there are psychological issues that prostitutes face from certain experiences and through the duration or repetition. Some go through experiences that may result "in lasting feelings of worthlessness, shame, and self-hatred". De Marneffe further argued that this may affect the prostitute's ability to perform sexual acts for the purpose of building a trusting intimate relationship, which may be important for their partner. The lack of a healthy relationship can lead to higher divorce rates and can influence unhealthy relationship to their children, influencing their future relationships.<a href="#cite_note-235">[235]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/Alt%3Dicon" title="Alt=icon"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Bombilla_roja_-_red_Edison_lamp.svg/28px-Bombilla_roja_-_red_Edison_lamp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Bombilla_roja_-_red_Edison_lamp.svg/42px-Bombilla_roja_-_red_Edison_lamp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Bombilla_roja_-_red_Edison_lamp.svg/56px-Bombilla_roja_-_red_Edison_lamp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Prostitution" title="Portal:Prostitution">Prostitution portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Bisexuality_symbol_(bold,_color).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg/32px-Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg/48px-Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg/64px-Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="25" data-file-height="16" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Human_sexuality" title="Portal:Human sexuality">Human sexuality portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Umbrella-159361.svg/25px-Umbrella-159361.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Umbrella-159361.svg/38px-Umbrella-159361.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Umbrella-159361.svg/50px-Umbrella-159361.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="661" data-file-height="738" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Sex_work" title="Portal:Sex work">Sex work portal</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brothel" title="Brothel">Brothel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_prostitute" title="Common prostitute">Common prostitute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drugs_and_prostitution" title="Drugs and prostitution">Drugs and prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empathy_and_Prostitution" title="Empathy and Prostitution">Empathy and Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fallen_woman" title="Fallen woman">Fallen woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_prostitute_articles" title="Index of prostitute articles">Index of prostitute articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Day_of_No_Prostitution" title="International Day of No Prostitution">International Day of No Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Day_to_End_Violence_Against_Sex_Workers" title="International Day to End Violence Against Sex Workers">International Day to End Violence Against Sex Workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Whores%27_Day" title="International Whores' Day">International Whores' Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_in_Red_(ghost)" title="Lady in Red (ghost)">Lady in Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prostitutes_and_courtesans" title="List of prostitutes and courtesans">List of prostitutes and courtesans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mann_Act" title="Mann Act">Mann Act</a> (White-Slave Traffic Act)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_among_animals" title="Prostitution among animals">Prostitution among animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_statistics_by_country" title="Prostitution statistics by country">Prostitution statistics by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recreation_and_Amusement_Association" title="Recreation and Amusement Association">Recreation and Amusement Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Credit_System" title="Social Credit System">Red light violations under the SCS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolting_Prostitutes" title="Revolting Prostitutes">Revolting Prostitutes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanky-panky" title="Sanky-panky">Sanky-panky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_prostitute" class="mw-redirect" title="Street prostitute">Street prostitute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transactional_sex" title="Transactional sex">Transactional sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treating_(social_activity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Treating (social activity)">Treating (social activity)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Vindication_of_the_Rights_of_Whores" title="A Vindication of the Rights of Whores">A Vindication of the Rights of Whores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_prostitution_on_mental_health" title="Impact of prostitution on mental health">Impact of prostitution on mental health</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> Notes <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output 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The University of Warwick"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=L.+Roper%3A+Luther+on+sex%2C+marriage%2C+and+motherhood.+The+University+of+Warwick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.warwick.ac.uk%2Ffac%2Farts%2FHistory%2Fteaching%2Fprotref%2Fwomen%2FWR0911.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarsin19853,_25-74"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarsin19853,_25_74-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarsin1985">Harsin 1985</a>, pp. 3, 25. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGale2002245-75"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGale2002245_75-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGale2002">Gale 2002</a>, p. 245. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlowers1998[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidFSNB0G7f4CsCdqprostitutioninformersovietcountriespgPA169_169]-76"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlowers1998[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidFSNB0G7f4CsCdqprostitutioninformersovietcountriespgPA169_169]_76-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFlowers1998">Flowers 1998</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNB0G7f4CsC&dq=prostitution+in+former+soviet+countries&pg=PA169">169</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Slate_Explainer-77"><a href="#cite_ref-Slate_Explainer_77-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWickman2011" class="citation news cs1">Wickman, Forrest (5 November 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/explainer/2011/11/socialist_whores_what_did_karl_marx_think_of_prostitution_.html">""Socialist Whores": What did Karl Marx think of prostitutes?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Slate_(magazine)" title="Slate (magazine)">Slate</a>. Retrieved 5 November 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=%22Socialist+Whores%22%3A+What+did+Karl+Marx+think+of+prostitutes%3F&rft.date=2011-11-05&rft.aulast=Wickman&rft.aufirst=Forrest&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slate.com%2Farticles%2Fnews_and_politics%2Fexplainer%2F2011%2F11%2Fsocialist_whores_what_did_karl_marx_think_of_prostitution_.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> Hornblower, Margot (24 June 2001). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070501171440/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1101930621-161939,00.html">The Skin Trade</a>". <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time Magazine</a>. Retrieved 19 April 2009. </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/may/16/dubai-sex-tourism-prostitution">Why Dubai's Islamic austerity is a sham – sex is for sale in every bar</a>". The Guardian. 16 May 2010. </li> <li id="cite_note-Zilfi,_M._2010_p._217-80"><a href="#cite_ref-Zilfi,_M._2010_p._217_80-0">^</a> Zilfi, M. (2010). Women and Slavery in the Late Ottoman Empire: The Design of Difference. Storbritannien: Cambridge University Press. p. 217 </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> B. Belli, "Registered female prostitution in the Ottoman Empire (1876-1909)," Ph.D. - Doctoral Program, Middle East Technical University, 2020. p 56 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEİlkkaracan200836-82"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEİlkkaracan200836_82-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFİlkkaracan2008">İlkkaracan 2008</a>, p. 36. </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-83"><a href="#cite_ref-:0_83-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeriBacharach2006" class="citation book cs1">Meri, Josef W.; Bacharach, Jere L. (1 January 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LaV-IGZ8VKIC&q=mutah%2520prostitution&pg=PA647">Medieval Islamic Civilization: L-Z, index</a>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415966924" title="Special:BookSources/9780415966924"><bdi>9780415966924</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medieval+Islamic+Civilization%3A+L-Z%2C+index&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.isbn=9780415966924&rft.aulast=Meri&rft.aufirst=Josef+W.&rft.au=Bacharach%2C+Jere+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLaV-IGZ8VKIC%26q%3Dmutah%252520prostitution%26pg%3DPA647&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPohl,_Florian2010" class="citation book cs1">Pohl, Florian (1 September 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=n4Eye4ilLVkC&pg=PA52">Muslim World: Modern Muslim Societies</a>. Marshall Cavendish. pp. 52–53. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780761479277" title="Special:BookSources/9780761479277"><bdi>9780761479277</bdi></a>. Retrieved 5 April 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muslim+World%3A+Modern+Muslim+Societies&rft.pages=52-53&rft.pub=Marshall+Cavendish&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.isbn=9780761479277&rft.au=Pohl%2C+Florian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dn4Eye4ilLVkC%26pg%3DPA52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-85"><a href="#cite_ref-:1_85-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParshallParshall2003" class="citation book cs1">Parshall, Philip L.; Parshall, Julie (1 April 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JKqkohMVPVsC">Lifting the Veil: The World of Muslim Women</a>. InterVarsity Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780830856961" title="Special:BookSources/9780830856961"><bdi>9780830856961</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lifting+the+Veil%3A+The+World+of+Muslim+Women&rft.pub=InterVarsity+Press&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.isbn=9780830856961&rft.aulast=Parshall&rft.aufirst=Philip+L.&rft.au=Parshall%2C+Julie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJKqkohMVPVsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-86"><a href="#cite_ref-:2_86-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaran2011" class="citation book cs1">Baran, Zeyno (21 July 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hfdGAQAAQBAJ">Citizen Islam: The Future of Muslim Integration in the West</a>. A&C Black. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781441112484" title="Special:BookSources/9781441112484"><bdi>9781441112484</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Citizen+Islam%3A+The+Future+of+Muslim+Integration+in+the+West&rft.pub=A%26C+Black&rft.date=2011-07-21&rft.isbn=9781441112484&rft.aulast=Baran&rft.aufirst=Zeyno&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhfdGAQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> Andreeva, Elena (2007). Russia and Iran in the great game: travelogues and Orientalism. Routledge studies in Middle Eastern history. 8. Psychology Press. pp. 162–163. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0415771536" title="Special:BookSources/0415771536">0415771536</a>. "Most of the travelers describe the Shi'i institution of temporary marriage (sigheh) as 'legalized profligacy' and hardly distinguish between temporary marriage and prostitution." </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.al-islam.org/shiite-encyclopedia-ahlul-bayt-dilp-team/temporary-marriage-islam-part-6-similarities-and">Temporary Marriage in Islam Part 6: Similarities and Differences of Mut’a and Regular Marriage | A Shi'ite Encyclopedia | Books on Islam and Muslims | Al-Islam.org</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161230205404/https://www.al-islam.org/shiite-encyclopedia-ahlul-bayt-dilp-team/temporary-marriage-islam-part-6-similarities-and">Permanent archived link</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180619142353/https://www.shiachat.com/forum/topic/235001730-iddah-of-mutah/">"Iddah Of Mutah"</a>. ShiaChat.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shiachat.com/forum/topic/235001730-iddah-of-mutah/">the original</a> on 19 June 2018. Retrieved 17 November 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ShiaChat.com&rft.atitle=Iddah+Of+Mutah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shiachat.com%2Fforum%2Ftopic%2F235001730-iddah-of-mutah%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sistani.org/english/book/48/2350/">"Marriage " Mut'ah (temporary marriage) - Islamic Laws - The Official Website of the Office of His Eminence Al-Sayyid Ali Al-Husseini Al-Sistani"</a>. www.sistani.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sistani.org&rft.atitle=Marriage+%22+Mut%27ah+%28temporary+marriage%29+-+Islamic+Laws+-+The+Official+Website+of+the+Office+of+His+Eminence+Al-Sayyid+Ali+Al-Husseini+Al-Sistani&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sistani.org%2Fenglish%2Fbook%2F48%2F2350%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.al-islam.org/a-summary-of-rulings-makarim-shirazi/rules-matrimony-and-marriage">"The Rules in Matrimony and Marriage"</a>. Al-Islam.org. 3 October 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al-Islam.org&rft.atitle=The+Rules+in+Matrimony+and+Marriage&rft.date=2012-10-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.al-islam.org%2Fa-summary-of-rulings-makarim-shirazi%2Frules-matrimony-and-marriage&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://islam.stackexchange.com/questions/16461/how-is-mutah-different-from-prostitution-from-a-non-muslim-point-of-view">"How is Mutah different from prostitution (from a non-Muslim point of view)?"</a>. islam.stackexchange.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=islam.stackexchange.com&rft.atitle=How+is+Mutah+different+from+prostitution+%28from+a+non-Muslim+point+of+view%29%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fislam.stackexchange.com%2Fquestions%2F16461%2Fhow-is-mutah-different-from-prostitution-from-a-non-muslim-point-of-view&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180223065313/http://english.bayynat.org.lb/QA/1a.htm">"Marriage"</a>. english.bayynat.org.lb. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.bayynat.org.lb/QA/1a.htm">the original</a> on 23 February 2018. Retrieved 17 November 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=english.bayynat.org.lb&rft.atitle=Marriage&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.bayynat.org.lb%2FQA%2F1a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGazali2001106-94"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGazali2001106_94-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGazali2001">Gazali 2001</a>, p. 106. </li> <li id="cite_note-Nedim-95"><a href="#cite_ref-Nedim_95-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKemal_Sılay1994" class="citation book cs1">Kemal Sılay (1994). Nedim and the poetics of the Ottoman court. <a href="/wiki/Indiana_University" title="Indiana University">Indiana University</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-878318-09-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-878318-09-1"><bdi>978-1-878318-09-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nedim+and+the+poetics+of+the+Ottoman+court&rft.pub=Indiana+University&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-1-878318-09-1&rft.au=Kemal+S%C4%B1lay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEToledano2003242_"[Flaubert,_January_1850:]_Be_informed,_furthermore,_that_all_of_the_bath-boys_are_[[wikt:bardash|bardash]]es_[male_homosexuals]."-96"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEToledano2003242_"[Flaubert,_January_1850:]_Be_informed,_furthermore,_that_all_of_the_bath-boys_are_[[wikt:bardash|bardash]]es_[male_homosexuals]."_96-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFToledano2003">Toledano 2003</a>, p. 242 "[Flaubert, January 1850:] Be informed, furthermore, that all of the bath-boys are <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bardash" class="extiw" title="wikt:bardash">bardashes</a> [male homosexuals].". </li> <li id="cite_note-Hyam_2010_p._372-97">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hyam_2010_p._372_97-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hyam_2010_p._372_97-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHyam2010" class="citation book cs1">Hyam, R. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iylEklKX_WQC&pg=PA372">Understanding the British Empire</a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 372. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-139-78846-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-139-78846-5"><bdi>978-1-139-78846-5</bdi></a>. Retrieved 1 November 2023. <q>The expatriate was in fact more likely to resort to prostituion overseas because the non-European prostitute was a much more attractive proposition than her British counterpart. Asian prostitutes were amusingly playful hostesses. By contrast, British whores were nasty, dirty, and coarse, drawn from deprived backgrounds. In India and Japan prostituion was an honourable estates, and not furtively conducted. Asian prostitutes were likely to be higher up the social scale, educated, and with a proper training for their art. 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American Journal of Public Health. 89 (9): 1406–1409. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2105%2FAJPH.89.9.1406">10.2105/AJPH.89.9.1406</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1508758">1508758</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10474560">10474560</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Public+Health&rft.atitle=Prevalence+and+correlates+of+survival+sex+among+runaway+and+homeless+youth&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=1406-1409&rft.date=1999&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1508758%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10474560&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2105%2FAJPH.89.9.1406&rft.aulast=Greene&rft.aufirst=J.M.&rft.au=Ennett%2C+S.T.&rft.au=Ringwalt%2C+C.L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1508758&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuman_Rights_Watch2005" class="citation book cs1">Human Rights Watch (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jDXEynHopkgC&q=survival+sex&pg=PA55">The Less They Know, the Better: Abstinence Only HIV/AIDS Programs in Uganda</a>. New York: Human Rights Watch. p. 55.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Less+They+Know%2C+the+Better%3A+Abstinence+Only+HIV%2FAIDS+Programs+in+Uganda&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=55&rft.pub=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.date=2005&rft.au=Human+Rights+Watch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjDXEynHopkgC%26q%3Dsurvival%2Bsex%26pg%3DPA55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://picum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Safeguarding-the-human-rights-and-dignity-of-undocumented-migrant-sex-workers.pdf">"Safeguarding the human rights and dignity of undocumented migrant sex workers"</a> (PDF). PICUM.org. Platform for International Cooperation on Undocumented Immigrants.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PICUM.org&rft.atitle=Safeguarding+the+human+rights+and+dignity+of+undocumented+migrant+sex+workers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpicum.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F09%2FSafeguarding-the-human-rights-and-dignity-of-undocumented-migrant-sex-workers.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"> p.11: "When working as sex workers, undocumented migrants are placed in a doubly precarious situation vis-à-vis state authorities, facing additional discrimination and violence due to stigma and prejudice against sex work, and multiple layers of criminalisation due to their residence status and work. For example, the fear and risks that undocumented migrants face when reporting violence to the police can be exacerbated by fear and risks of prosecution, harassment, or intimidation for being a sex worker. It is also important to recognise that undocumented migrant sex workers that are impacted by policing of sex work are predominantly women of colour.1" </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoth2011" class="citation book cs1">Roth, Venla (9 December 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Lpt_OknpsgcC&pg=PA7">Defining Human Trafficking and Identifying Its Victims: A Study on the Impact and Future Challenges of International, European and Finnish Legal Responses to Prostitution-Related Trafficking in Human Beings</a>. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-20924-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-20924-4"><bdi>978-90-04-20924-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Defining+Human+Trafficking+and+Identifying+Its+Victims%3A+A+Study+on+the+Impact+and+Future+Challenges+of+International%2C+European+and+Finnish+Legal+Responses+to+Prostitution-Related+Trafficking+in+Human+Beings&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Martinus+Nijhoff+Publishers&rft.date=2011-12-09&rft.isbn=978-90-04-20924-4&rft.aulast=Roth&rft.aufirst=Venla&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLpt_OknpsgcC%26pg%3DPA7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150714160224/http://tampep.eu/documents/TAMPEP%202009%20European%20Mapping%20Report.pdf">"Sex work in Europe"</a> (PDF). 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The Guardian. London. Retrieved 22 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Prostitution+and+trafficking+%E2%80%93+the+anatomy+of+a+moral+panic&rft.date=2009-10-20&rft.au=Nick+Davies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk%2F2009%2Foct%2F20%2Ftrafficking-numbers-women-exaggerated&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unodc.org/documents/Global_Report_on_TIP.pdf">"The 2009 UN Report on TIP"</a> (PDF). 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University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226042473" title="Special:BookSources/9780226042473"><bdi>9780226042473</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sisters+and+Workers+in+the+Middle+Ages&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=9780226042473&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=Judith+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsistersworkersin0000benn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrewerPotteratGarrett2000" class="citation journal cs1">Brewer, DD; Potterat, JJ; Garrett, SB; et al. 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Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780754672357" title="Special:BookSources/9780754672357"><bdi>9780754672357</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Deconstructing+Sexuality+in+the+Middle+East%3A+Challenges+and+Discourses&rft.pub=Ashgate+Publishing%2C+Ltd.&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780754672357&rft.aulast=%C4%B0lkkaracan&rft.aufirst=P%C4%B1nar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpnGwP9-FhxYC%26pg%3DPA36&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJensen2011" class="citation book cs1">Jensen, Vickie (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pk6Bo68G4OkC">Women Criminals: An Encyclopedia of People and Issues [2 volumes]: An Encyclopedia of People and Issues</a>. ABC-CLIO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780313068263" title="Special:BookSources/9780313068263"><bdi>9780313068263</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Women+Criminals%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+People+and+Issues+%5B2+volumes%5D%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+People+and+Issues&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9780313068263&rft.aulast=Jensen&rft.aufirst=Vickie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dpk6Bo68G4OkC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarras1998" class="citation book cs1">Karras, Ruth Mazo (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=z3KSmAEACAAJ&q=0195124987">Common Women: Prostitution and Sexuality in Medieval England</a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780195124989" title="Special:BookSources/9780195124989"><bdi>9780195124989</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Common+Women%3A+Prostitution+and+Sexuality+in+Medieval+England&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9780195124989&rft.aulast=Karras&rft.aufirst=Ruth+Mazo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dz3KSmAEACAAJ%26q%3D0195124987&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnauer2002" class="citation journal cs1">Knauer, Elfriede (2002). "Portrait of a Lady? Some Reflections on Images of Prostitutes from the Later Fifteenth Century". Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome. 47: 95–117. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F4238794">10.2307/4238794</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4238794">4238794</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Memoirs+of+the+American+Academy+in+Rome&rft.atitle=Portrait+of+a+Lady%3F+Some+Reflections+on+Images+of+Prostitutes+from+the+Later+Fifteenth+Century&rft.volume=47&rft.pages=95-117&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F4238794&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4238794%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Knauer&rft.aufirst=Elfriede&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOtis1985" class="citation book cs1">Otis, Leah Lydia (1985). Prostitution in Medieval Society: The History of an Urban Institution in Languedoc. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-64033-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-64033-4"><bdi>978-0-226-64033-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prostitution+in+Medieval+Society%3A+The+History+of+an+Urban+Institution+in+Languedoc&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-0-226-64033-4&rft.aulast=Otis&rft.aufirst=Leah+Lydia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerkinsLovejoy2007" class="citation book cs1">Perkins, Roberta; Lovejoy, Frances (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_ndD6cegZN8C">Call Girls: Private Sex Workers in Australia</a>. University of Western Australia Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781920694913" title="Special:BookSources/9781920694913"><bdi>9781920694913</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Call+Girls%3A+Private+Sex+Workers+in+Australia&rft.pub=University+of+Western+Australia+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9781920694913&rft.aulast=Perkins&rft.aufirst=Roberta&rft.au=Lovejoy%2C+Frances&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_ndD6cegZN8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPotteratBrewerMuth2004" class="citation journal cs1">Potterat JJ, Brewer DD, Muth SQ, et al. (April 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Faje%2Fkwh110">"Mortality in a long-term open cohort of prostitute women"</a>. Am. J. Epidemiol. 159 (8): 778–85. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Faje%2Fkwh110">10.1093/aje/kwh110</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15051587">15051587</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Am.+J.+Epidemiol.&rft.atitle=Mortality+in+a+long-term+open+cohort+of+prostitute+women&rft.volume=159&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=778-85&rft.date=2004-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Faje%2Fkwh110&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15051587&rft.aulast=Potterat&rft.aufirst=JJ&rft.au=Brewer%2C+DD&rft.au=Muth%2C+SQ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1093%252Faje%252Fkwh110&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPotteratWoodhouseMuthMuth1990" class="citation journal cs1">Potterat, JJ; Woodhouse, DE; Muth, JB; Muth, SQ (1990). "Estimating the prevalence and career longevity of prostitute women". J. Sex Res. 27 (2): 233–43. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00224499009551554">10.1080/00224499009551554</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+Sex+Res.&rft.atitle=Estimating+the+prevalence+and+career+longevity+of+prostitute+women&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=233-43&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00224499009551554&rft.aulast=Potterat&rft.aufirst=JJ&rft.au=Woodhouse%2C+DE&rft.au=Muth%2C+JB&rft.au=Muth%2C+SQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRathusNevidFichner-Rathus2002" class="citation book cs1">Rathus, Spencer A.; Nevid, Jeffrey S.; Fichner-Rathus, Lois (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VPQzpe_AopwC&q=0205335179">Human Sexuality in a World of Diversity</a>. Allyn and Bacon. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780205335176" title="Special:BookSources/9780205335176"><bdi>9780205335176</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Human+Sexuality+in+a+World+of+Diversity&rft.pub=Allyn+and+Bacon&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9780205335176&rft.aulast=Rathus&rft.aufirst=Spencer+A.&rft.au=Nevid%2C+Jeffrey+S.&rft.au=Fichner-Rathus%2C+Lois&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVPQzpe_AopwC%26q%3D0205335179&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoberts1992" class="citation book cs1">Roberts, Nickie (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whoresinhistoryp0000robe">Whores in History: Prostitution in Western Society</a>. HarperCollins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780586200292" title="Special:BookSources/9780586200292"><bdi>9780586200292</bdi></a>. <q>0586200290.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Whores+in+History%3A+Prostitution+in+Western+Society&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=9780586200292&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Nickie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwhoresinhistoryp0000robe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRossiaud1996" class="citation book cs1">Rossiaud, Jacques (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=C2dhPwAACAAJ&q=0760701199">Medieval Prostitution</a>. Barnes & Noble. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780760701195" title="Special:BookSources/9780760701195"><bdi>9780760701195</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medieval+Prostitution&rft.pub=Barnes+%26+Noble&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9780760701195&rft.aulast=Rossiaud&rft.aufirst=Jacques&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DC2dhPwAACAAJ%26q%3D0760701199&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSanger1859" class="citation book cs1">Sanger, William W. (1859). <a href="/wiki/The_History_of_Prostitution" title="The History of Prostitution">The History of Prostitution: Its Extent, Causes, and Effects Throughout the World</a>. Harper & brothers.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Prostitution%3A+Its+Extent%2C+Causes%2C+and+Effects+Throughout+the+World&rft.pub=Harper+%26+brothers&rft.date=1859&rft.aulast=Sanger&rft.aufirst=William+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sjGJQTkgPp4C&q=9781589637627">Google Books</a>)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScamblerScambler1997" class="citation book cs1">Scambler, Graham; Scambler, Annette (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zkpNcgKyj_kC">Rethinking Prostitution: Purchasing Sex in the 1990s</a>. Psychology Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415102070" title="Special:BookSources/9780415102070"><bdi>9780415102070</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rethinking+Prostitution%3A+Purchasing+Sex+in+the+1990s&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=9780415102070&rft.aulast=Scambler&rft.aufirst=Graham&rft.au=Scambler%2C+Annette&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzkpNcgKyj_kC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSears2014" class="citation book cs1">Sears, Clare (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iRECoQEACAAJ">Arresting Dress: Cross-Dressing, Law, and Fascination in Nineteenth-Century San Francisco</a>. Duke University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780822357544" title="Special:BookSources/9780822357544"><bdi>9780822357544</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Arresting+Dress%3A+Cross-Dressing%2C+Law%2C+and+Fascination+in+Nineteenth-Century+San+Francisco&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9780822357544&rft.aulast=Sears&rft.aufirst=Clare&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiRECoQEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSiegel2007" class="citation book cs1">Siegel, Larry (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AJ70oCp1HIgC">Criminology: The Core</a>. Cengage Learning. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0495094777" title="Special:BookSources/978-0495094777"><bdi>978-0495094777</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Criminology%3A+The+Core&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0495094777&rft.aulast=Siegel&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAJ70oCp1HIgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToledano2003" class="citation book cs1">Toledano, Ehud R. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=65d8iIVdob8C&q=0521534534">State and Society in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Egypt</a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521534536" title="Special:BookSources/9780521534536"><bdi>9780521534536</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=State+and+Society+in+Mid-Nineteenth-Century+Egypt&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9780521534536&rft.aulast=Toledano&rft.aufirst=Ehud+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D65d8iIVdob8C%26q%3D0521534534&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeitzer2000" class="citation book cs1">Weitzer, Ronald John (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4XZjQgAACAAJ&q=0415922941">Sex for Sale: Prostitution, Pornography, and the Sex Industry</a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415922944" title="Special:BookSources/9780415922944"><bdi>9780415922944</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sex+for+Sale%3A+Prostitution%2C+Pornography%2C+and+the+Sex+Industry&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9780415922944&rft.aulast=Weitzer&rft.aufirst=Ronald+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4XZjQgAACAAJ%26q%3D0415922941&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> Further reading <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vern_Bullough" title="Vern Bullough">Bullough, Vern</a> et al. (1977) A Bibliography of Prostitution. New York: Garland</li> <li>Campbell, Russell. Marked Women: Prostitutes and Prostitution in the Cinema, 2005 University of Wisconsin Press.</li> <li>Cunningham, Scott and Manisha Shah (eds). 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199915248.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199915248">The Oxford Handbook of the Economics of Prostitution</a>. Oxford University Press.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDitmore2006" class="citation book cs1">Ditmore, Melissa Hope (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fcYq72qYRTcC">Encyclopedia of Prostitution and Sex Work</a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780313329685" title="Special:BookSources/9780313329685"><bdi>9780313329685</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Prostitution+and+Sex+Work&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780313329685&rft.aulast=Ditmore&rft.aufirst=Melissa+Hope&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfcYq72qYRTcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Keire, Mara L. For Business and Pleasure: Red-Light Districts and the Regulation of Vice in the United States, 1890–1933 (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010); 248 pages; History and popular culture of districts in such cities as New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, El Paso, Hartford, Conn., and Macon, Ga.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin_Moen2012" class="citation journal cs1">Martin Moen, Ole (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fmedethics-2011-100367">"Is prostitution harmful?"</a>. J Med Ethics. 40 (2): 73–81. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fmedethics-2011-100367">10.1136/medethics-2011-100367</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22930676">22930676</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J+Med+Ethics&rft.atitle=Is+prostitution+harmful%3F&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=73-81&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1136%2Fmedethics-2011-100367&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22930676&rft.aulast=Martin+Moen&rft.aufirst=Ole&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1136%252Fmedethics-2011-100367&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCall,_Andrew2004" class="citation book cs1">McCall, Andrew (2004). Medieval Underworld (Sutton History Classics). Thrupp, Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7509-3727-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7509-3727-6"><bdi>978-0-7509-3727-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medieval+Underworld+%28Sutton+History+Classics%29&rft.place=Thrupp%2C+Stroud%2C+Gloucestershire&rft.pub=Sutton+Publishing&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-7509-3727-6&rft.au=McCall%2C+Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Michael, R. T., Gagnon, J. H., Laumann, E. O., & Kolata, G. Sex in America, Boston: Little, Brown, 1994.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mirbeau.asso.fr/darticlesetrangers/PM-Venalwomen.pdf">Mirbeau, Octave, The love of a venal woman</a></li> <li>Perlongher, Néstor Osvaldo. O negócio do michê, prostituição viril em São Paulo, 1st edition 1987, editora brasiliense.</li> <li>Philip, Neil (1991) Working Girls: an illustrated history of the oldest profession. London: Bloomsbury <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7475-1030-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7475-1030-7">978-0-7475-1030-7</a></li> <li>Phoenix, J. Making Sense of Prostitution, Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2001.</li> <li>Preston, John. Hustling, A Gentlemen's Guide to the Fine Art of Homosexual Prostitution, Badboy Books, 1997.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamseyer2008" class="citation book cs1">Ramseyer, J. Mark (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IVpRvhn-jCAC">Odd Markets in Japanese History: Law and Economic Growth</a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521048255" title="Special:BookSources/9780521048255"><bdi>9780521048255</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Odd+Markets+in+Japanese+History%3A+Law+and+Economic+Growth&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780521048255&rft.aulast=Ramseyer&rft.aufirst=J.+Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIVpRvhn-jCAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li>The UN <a href="/wiki/Convention_for_the_Suppression_of_the_Traffic_in_Persons_and_of_the_Exploitation_of_the_Prostitution_of_Others" title="Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others">Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others</a> (1949) <ul><li>Full text: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/treaty11a.htm">Status of ratifications, reservations, and declarations</a></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalkowitz1980" class="citation book cs1">Walkowitz, Judith R. (1980). Prostitution and Victorian Society: Women, Class, and the State. Cambridge: The University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0521223348" title="Special:BookSources/978-0521223348"><bdi>978-0521223348</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prostitution+and+Victorian+Society%3A+Women%2C+Class%2C+and+the+State&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=The+University+Press&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=978-0521223348&rft.aulast=Walkowitz&rft.aufirst=Judith+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeitzer_R2006" class="citation journal cs1">Weitzer R (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080909225345/http://www.katallaxi.se/wp-content/uploads/2006/11/moral-crusade.pdf">"Moral Crusade Against Prostitution"</a> (PDF). Society. 43 (March–April): 33–8. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fbf02687593">10.1007/bf02687593</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1524-8879">1524-8879</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144600803">144600803</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.katallaxi.se/wp-content/uploads/2006/11/moral-crusade.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 9 September 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Society&rft.atitle=Moral+Crusade+Against+Prostitution&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=March%E2%80%93April&rft.pages=33-8&rft.date=2006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144600803%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1524-8879&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fbf02687593&rft.au=Weitzer+R&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.katallaxi.se%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2006%2F11%2Fmoral-crusade.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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title="Merriam-Webster">Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary</a>. Merriam-Webster.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Merriam-Webster.com+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Prostitution&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2FProstitution&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProstitution" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prostitution" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prostitution" title="Template:Prostitution"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prostitution" title="Template talk:Prostitution"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prostitution" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prostitution"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prostitution" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prostitution</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brothel" title="Brothel">Brothel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Call_girl" title="Call girl">Call girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranch_(brothel)" title="Ranch (brothel)">Ranch (brothel)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drugs_and_prostitution" title="Drugs and prostitution">Drugs and prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_views_on_prostitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Feminist views on prostitution">Feminist views on prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_by_region" title="Prostitution by region">Prostitution by region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_drive-in" title="Sex drive-in">Sex drive-in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_statistics_by_country" title="Prostitution statistics by country">Prostitution statistics by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violence_against_prostitutes" title="Violence against prostitutes">Violence against prostitutes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Forms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Child_prostitution" title="Child prostitution">Child prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forced_prostitution" title="Forced prostitution">Forced prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_prostitution" title="Internet prostitution">Internet prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Male_prostitution" title="Male prostitution">Male prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Types_of_prostitution_in_modern_Japan" title="Types of prostitution in modern Japan">Types of prostitution in modern Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_for_fish" title="Sex for fish">Sex for fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_prostitution" title="Street prostitution">Street prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survival_sex" title="Survival sex">Survival sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Window_prostitution" title="Window prostitution">Window prostitution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Support activities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sex_worker_organizations" title="List of sex worker organizations">List of sex worker organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procuring_(prostitution)" title="Procuring (prostitution)">Procuring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_tourism" title="Sex tourism">Sex tourism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Female_sex_tourism" title="Female sex tourism">Female sex tourism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex-positive_feminism" title="Sex-positive feminism">Sex-positive feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex-positive_movement" title="Sex-positive movement">Sex-positive movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_worker_movements" title="Sex worker movements">Sex worker movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_workers%27_rights" title="Sex workers' rights">Sex workers' rights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_prostitution" title="History of prostitution">History of prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_prostitution_in_Canada" title="History of prostitution in Canada">History of prostitution in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_ancient_Greece" title="Prostitution in ancient Greece">In ancient Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_ancient_Rome" title="Prostitution in ancient Rome">In ancient Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_colonial_India" title="Prostitution in colonial India">In colonial India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Harlem_Renaissance" title="Prostitution in Harlem Renaissance">In Harlem Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Impressionist_painting" title="Prostitution in Impressionist painting">In impressionist painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Kuki_society" title="Prostitution in Kuki society">In Kuki society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_prostitution" title="Sacred prostitution">Sacred prostitution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Law</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Decriminalization_of_sex_work" title="Decriminalization of sex work">Decriminalization of sex work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_law" title="Prostitution law">Prostitution law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Promoting_the_Extension_of_the_Contagious_Diseases_Acts" title="Association for Promoting the Extension of the Contagious Diseases Acts">Association for Promoting the Extension of the Contagious Diseases Acts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_(AG)_v_Bedford" title="Canada (AG) v Bedford">Canada (AG) v Bedford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contagious_Diseases_Acts" title="Contagious Diseases Acts">Contagious Diseases Acts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R_v_Hutt" title="R v Hutt">R v Hutt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massage_Parlours_Act_1978" title="Massage Parlours Act 1978">Massage Parlours Act 1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_age_of_consent" title="Prostitution age of consent">Prostitution age of consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_law_in_Canada" title="Prostitution law in Canada">Prostitution law in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_Reform_Act_2003" title="Prostitution Reform Act 2003">Prostitution Reform Act 2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._v._Gowan" class="mw-redirect" title="R. v. Gowan">R. v. Gowan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_sexuality" title="Right to sexuality">Right to sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_and_reproductive_health_and_rights" title="Sexual and reproductive health and rights">Sexual and reproductive health and rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_Offences_Act" title="Sexual Offences Act">Sexual Offences Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Charter_for_Prostitutes%27_Rights" title="World Charter for Prostitutes' Rights">World Charter for Prostitutes' Rights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Vindication_of_the_Rights_of_Whores" title="A Vindication of the Rights of Whores">A Vindication of the Rights of Whores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Call_Me_Elizabeth" title="Call Me Elizabeth">Call Me Elizabeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Happy_Endings%3F" title="Happy Endings?">Happy Endings?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Happy_Hooker" title="The Happy Hooker">The Happy Hooker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harris%27s_List_of_Covent_Garden_Ladies" title="Harris's List of Covent Garden Ladies">Harris's List of Covent Garden Ladies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Intimate_Adventures_of_a_London_Call_Girl" title="The Intimate Adventures of a London Call Girl">The Intimate Adventures of a London Call Girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Wept_over_the_Feet_of_Jesus" title="Mary Wept over the Feet of Jesus">Mary Wept over the Feet of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nocturnal_Revels" title="Nocturnal Revels">Nocturnal Revels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paying_for_It" title="Paying for It">Paying for It</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline%27s:_Memoirs_of_The_Madam_on_Clay_Street" title="Pauline's: Memoirs of The Madam on Clay Street">Pauline's: Memoirs of The Madam on Clay Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playing_the_Whore" title="Playing the Whore">Playing the Whore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolting_Prostitutes" title="Revolting Prostitutes">Revolting Prostitutes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_Power_Money" title="Sex Power Money">Sex Power Money</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/$pread" title="$pread">$pread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unspeakable_Things" title="Unspeakable Things">Unspeakable Things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whore_of_New_York" title="Whore of New York">Whore of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/You%27ll_Never_Make_Love_in_This_Town_Again" title="You'll Never Make Love in This Town Again">You'll Never Make Love in This Town Again</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By continent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Africa" title="Prostitution in Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Asia" title="Prostitution in Asia">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Europe" title="Prostitution in Europe">Europe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Afghanistan" title="Prostitution in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Albania" title="Prostitution in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Algeria" title="Prostitution in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_American_Samoa" title="Prostitution in American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Angola" title="Prostitution in Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Prostitution in Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Argentina" title="Prostitution in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Armenia" title="Prostitution in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Australia" title="Prostitution in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Austria" title="Prostitution in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Azerbaijan" title="Prostitution in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Bahrain" title="Prostitution in Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Bangladesh" title="Prostitution in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Barbados" title="Prostitution in Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Belarus" title="Prostitution in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Belgium" title="Prostitution in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Belize" title="Prostitution in Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Benin" title="Prostitution in Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Bhutan" title="Prostitution in Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Bolivia" title="Prostitution in Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Botswana" title="Prostitution in Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Brazil" title="Prostitution in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Brunei" title="Prostitution in Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Bulgaria" title="Prostitution in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Burkina_Faso" title="Prostitution in Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Burundi" title="Prostitution in Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Cambodia" title="Prostitution in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Cameroon" title="Prostitution in Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Canada" title="Prostitution in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Cape_Verde" title="Prostitution in Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Chad" title="Prostitution in Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Chile" title="Prostitution in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_China" title="Prostitution in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Colombia" title="Prostitution in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Costa_Rica" title="Prostitution in Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Croatia" title="Prostitution in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Cuba" title="Prostitution in Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Cyprus" title="Prostitution in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Denmark" title="Prostitution in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Djibouti" title="Prostitution in Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_East_Timor" title="Prostitution in East Timor">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Ecuador" title="Prostitution in Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Egypt" title="Prostitution in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_El_Salvador" title="Prostitution in El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Eritrea" title="Prostitution in Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Estonia" title="Prostitution in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Eswatini" title="Prostitution in Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Ethiopia" title="Prostitution in Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Fiji" title="Prostitution in Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Finland" title="Prostitution in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_France" title="Prostitution in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Gambia" title="Prostitution in the Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Prostitution in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Germany" title="Prostitution in Germany">Germany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_East_Germany" title="Prostitution in East Germany">East Germany</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Ghana" title="Prostitution in Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Greece" title="Prostitution in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Guam" title="Prostitution in Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Guatemala" title="Prostitution in Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Guinea-Bissau" title="Prostitution in Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Guyana" title="Prostitution in Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Haiti" title="Prostitution in Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Honduras" title="Prostitution in Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Hong_Kong" title="Prostitution in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Hungary" title="Prostitution in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Iceland" title="Prostitution in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_India" title="Prostitution in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Indonesia" title="Prostitution in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Iran" title="Prostitution in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Iraq" title="Prostitution in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Prostitution in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Israel" title="Prostitution in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Italy" title="Prostitution in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Ivory_Coast" title="Prostitution in Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Jamaica" title="Prostitution in Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Japan" title="Prostitution in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Jordan" title="Prostitution in Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Kazakhstan" title="Prostitution in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Kenya" title="Prostitution in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Kosovo" title="Prostitution in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Kuwait" title="Prostitution in Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Kyrgyzstan" title="Prostitution in Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Laos" title="Prostitution in Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Latvia" title="Prostitution in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Lebanon" title="Prostitution in Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Libya" title="Prostitution in Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Lithuania" title="Prostitution in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Luxembourg" title="Prostitution in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Macau" title="Prostitution in Macau">Macau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Madagascar" title="Prostitution in Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Malawi" title="Prostitution in Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Malaysia" title="Prostitution in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Maldives" title="Prostitution in the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Mali" title="Prostitution in Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Malta" title="Prostitution in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Mexico" title="Prostitution in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Moldova" title="Prostitution in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Monaco" title="Prostitution in Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Mongolia" title="Prostitution in Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Morocco" title="Prostitution in Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Mozambique" title="Prostitution in Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Myanmar" title="Prostitution in Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Namibia" title="Prostitution in Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Nepal" title="Prostitution in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Netherlands" title="Prostitution in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_New_Zealand" title="Prostitution in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Nicaragua" title="Prostitution in Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Niger" title="Prostitution in Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Nigeria" title="Prostitution in Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_North_Korea" title="Prostitution in North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Norway" title="Prostitution in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Oman" title="Prostitution in Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Overseas_France" title="Prostitution in Overseas France">Overseas France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Pakistan" title="Prostitution in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_State_of_Palestine" title="Prostitution in the State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Panama" title="Prostitution in Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Prostitution in Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Paraguay" title="Prostitution in Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Peru" title="Prostitution in Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Philippines" title="Prostitution in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Poland" title="Prostitution in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Portugal" title="Prostitution in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Qatar" title="Prostitution in Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Romania" title="Prostitution in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Russia" title="Prostitution in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Rwanda" title="Prostitution in Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Samoa" title="Prostitution in Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Prostitution in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Scotland" title="Prostitution in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Senegal" title="Prostitution in Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Sierra_Leone" title="Prostitution in Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Singapore" title="Prostitution in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Somalia" title="Prostitution in Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_South_Africa" title="Prostitution in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_South_Korea" title="Prostitution in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_South_Sudan" title="Prostitution in South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Spain" title="Prostitution in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Prostitution in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Suriname" title="Prostitution in Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Sweden" title="Prostitution in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Switzerland" title="Prostitution in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Syria" title="Prostitution in Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Taiwan" title="Prostitution in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Tajikistan" title="Prostitution in Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Tanzania" title="Prostitution in Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Thailand" title="Prostitution in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Togo" title="Prostitution in Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Prostitution in Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Tunisia" title="Prostitution in Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Turkey" title="Prostitution in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Turkmenistan" title="Prostitution in Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Uganda" title="Prostitution in Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Ukraine" title="Prostitution in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Uruguay" title="Prostitution in Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Uzbekistan" title="Prostitution in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Venezuela" title="Prostitution in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Vietnam" title="Prostitution in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Yemen" title="Prostitution in Yemen">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Zambia" title="Prostitution in Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Zimbabwe" title="Prostitution in Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Bahamas" title="Prostitution in the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_British_Overseas_Territories" title="Prostitution in the British Overseas Territories">British Overseas Territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Prostitution in the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Crown_dependencies" title="Prostitution in the Crown dependencies">Crown dependencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Prostitution in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Prostitution in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Prostitution in the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Dutch_Caribbean" title="Prostitution in the Dutch Caribbean">Dutch Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the Republic of Macedonia">Republic of Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Solomon_Islands" title="Prostitution in the Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Prostitution in the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Prostitution in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prostitution in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Prostitution in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_United_States" title="Prostitution in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Alt%3Dicon" title="Alt=icon"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Bombilla_roja_-_red_Edison_lamp.svg/16px-Bombilla_roja_-_red_Edison_lamp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Bombilla_roja_-_red_Edison_lamp.svg/24px-Bombilla_roja_-_red_Edison_lamp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Bombilla_roja_-_red_Edison_lamp.svg/32px-Bombilla_roja_-_red_Edison_lamp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Prostitution" title="Portal:Prostitution">Prostitution portal</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Prostitution" title="Category:Prostitution">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prostitution_in_Africa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Africa_topic" title="Template:Africa topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Africa_topic" title="Template talk:Africa topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Africa_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Africa topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prostitution_in_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Africa" title="Prostitution in Africa">Prostitution in Africa </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Algeria" title="Prostitution in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Angola" title="Prostitution in Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Benin" title="Prostitution in Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Botswana" title="Prostitution in Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Burkina_Faso" title="Prostitution in Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Burundi" title="Prostitution in Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Cameroon" title="Prostitution in Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Cape_Verde" title="Prostitution in Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Prostitution in the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Chad" title="Prostitution in Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Comoros" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Prostitution in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Djibouti" title="Prostitution in Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Egypt" title="Prostitution in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Equatorial_Guinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Eritrea" title="Prostitution in Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Eswatini" title="Prostitution in Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Ethiopia" title="Prostitution in Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Gabon" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Gambia" title="Prostitution in the Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Ghana" title="Prostitution in Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Guinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Guinea-Bissau" title="Prostitution in Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Ivory_Coast" title="Prostitution in Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Kenya" title="Prostitution in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Lesotho" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Liberia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Libya" title="Prostitution in Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Madagascar" title="Prostitution in Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Malawi" title="Prostitution in Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Mali" title="Prostitution in Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Mauritania" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Mauritius" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Morocco" title="Prostitution in Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Mozambique" title="Prostitution in Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Namibia" title="Prostitution in Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Niger" title="Prostitution in Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Nigeria" title="Prostitution in Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Rwanda" title="Prostitution in Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Senegal" title="Prostitution in Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Seychelles" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Sierra_Leone" title="Prostitution in Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Somalia" title="Prostitution in Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_South_Africa" title="Prostitution in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_South_Sudan" title="Prostitution in South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Sudan" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Tanzania" title="Prostitution in Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Togo" title="Prostitution in Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Tunisia" title="Prostitution in Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Uganda" title="Prostitution in Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Zambia" title="Prostitution in Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Zimbabwe" title="Prostitution in Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">States with limited recognition</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Somaliland" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Dependencies and other territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Canary_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a> / <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Ceuta" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Ceuta">Ceuta</a> / <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Melilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Melilla">Melilla</a>  (Spain)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Madeira" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Madeira">Madeira</a> (Portugal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Mayotte" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Mayotte">Mayotte</a> / <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_R%C3%A9union" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Réunion">Réunion</a> (France)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Saint_Helena" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a> / <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Ascension_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Ascension Island">Ascension Island</a> / <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Tristan_da_Cunha" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</a> (United Kingdom)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Western_Sahara" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prostitution_in_the_Americas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Americas_topic" title="Template:Americas topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Americas_topic" title="Template talk:Americas topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Americas_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Americas topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prostitution_in_the_Americas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Prostitution in the <a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_in_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sovereign states in the Americas">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Prostitution in Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Argentina" title="Prostitution in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Bahamas" title="Prostitution in the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Barbados" title="Prostitution in Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Belize" title="Prostitution in Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Bolivia" title="Prostitution in Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Brazil" title="Prostitution in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Canada" title="Prostitution in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Chile" title="Prostitution in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Colombia" title="Prostitution in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Costa_Rica" title="Prostitution in Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Cuba" title="Prostitution in Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Dominica" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Prostitution in the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Ecuador" title="Prostitution in Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_El_Salvador" title="Prostitution in El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Guatemala" title="Prostitution in Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Guyana" title="Prostitution in Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Haiti" title="Prostitution in Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Honduras" title="Prostitution in Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Jamaica" title="Prostitution in Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Mexico" title="Prostitution in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Nicaragua" title="Prostitution in Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Panama" title="Prostitution in Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Paraguay" title="Prostitution in Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Peru" title="Prostitution in Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Saint_Lucia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Suriname" title="Prostitution in Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Prostitution in Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_United_States" title="Prostitution in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Uruguay" title="Prostitution in Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Venezuela" title="Prostitution in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Americas_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/100px-Americas_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Americas_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Americas_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Americas_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/200px-Americas_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Territory" title="Territory">territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Anguilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Anguilla">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Aruba" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Aruba">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Bermuda" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Bonaire" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Bonaire">Bonaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_British_Virgin_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Cayman_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Cura%C3%A7ao" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Curaçao">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Falkland_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_French_Guiana" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Greenland" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Guadeloupe" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Martinique" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Martinique">Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Montserrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Montserrat">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Saba_(island)" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Saba (island)">Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Saint Barthélemy">Saint Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the Collectivity of Saint Martin">Saint Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Saint Pierre and Miquelon">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Sint_Eustatius" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Sint Eustatius">Sint Eustatius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Sint_Maarten" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the United States Virgin Islands">U.S. Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_North_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in North America">North America</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prostitution_in_Central_America&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prostitution in Central America (page does not exist)">Central America</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prostitution_in_the_Caribbean&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prostitution in the Caribbean (page does not exist)">Caribbean</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_South_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in South America">South America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prostitution_in_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asia_topic" title="Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asia_topic" title="Template talk:Asia topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asia_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prostitution_in_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Asia" title="Prostitution in Asia">Prostitution in Asia </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Afghanistan" title="Prostitution in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Armenia" title="Prostitution in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Azerbaijan" title="Prostitution in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Bahrain" title="Prostitution in Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Bangladesh" title="Prostitution in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Bhutan" title="Prostitution in Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Brunei" title="Prostitution in Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Cambodia" title="Prostitution in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_China" title="Prostitution in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Cyprus" title="Prostitution in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_East_Timor" title="Prostitution in East Timor">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Egypt" title="Prostitution in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Prostitution in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_India" title="Prostitution in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Indonesia" title="Prostitution in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Iran" title="Prostitution in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Iraq" title="Prostitution in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Israel" title="Prostitution in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Japan" title="Prostitution in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Jordan" title="Prostitution in Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Kazakhstan" title="Prostitution in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_North_Korea" title="Prostitution in North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_South_Korea" title="Prostitution in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Kuwait" title="Prostitution in Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Kyrgyzstan" title="Prostitution in Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Laos" title="Prostitution in Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Lebanon" title="Prostitution in Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Malaysia" title="Prostitution in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Maldives" title="Prostitution in the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Mongolia" title="Prostitution in Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Myanmar" title="Prostitution in Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Nepal" title="Prostitution in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Oman" title="Prostitution in Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Pakistan" title="Prostitution in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Philippines" title="Prostitution in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Qatar" title="Prostitution in Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Russia" title="Prostitution in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Prostitution in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Singapore" title="Prostitution in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Prostitution in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Syria" title="Prostitution in Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Tajikistan" title="Prostitution in Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Thailand" title="Prostitution in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Turkey" title="Prostitution in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Turkmenistan" title="Prostitution in Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Prostitution in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Uzbekistan" title="Prostitution in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Vietnam" title="Prostitution in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Yemen" title="Prostitution in Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Abkhazia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_State_of_Palestine" title="Prostitution in the State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_South_Ossetia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Taiwan" title="Prostitution in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Christmas_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Hong_Kong" title="Prostitution in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Macau" title="Prostitution in Macau">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Asia" title="Category:Asia">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prostitution_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Europe_topic" title="Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Europe_topic" title="Template talk:Europe topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Europe_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prostitution_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Europe" title="Prostitution in Europe">Prostitution in Europe </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Albania" title="Prostitution in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Andorra" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Armenia" title="Prostitution in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Austria" title="Prostitution in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Azerbaijan" title="Prostitution in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Belarus" title="Prostitution in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Belgium" title="Prostitution in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Bulgaria" title="Prostitution in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Croatia" title="Prostitution in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Cyprus" title="Prostitution in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Prostitution in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Denmark" title="Prostitution in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Estonia" title="Prostitution in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Finland" title="Prostitution in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_France" title="Prostitution in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Prostitution in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Germany" title="Prostitution in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Greece" title="Prostitution in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Hungary" title="Prostitution in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Iceland" title="Prostitution in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Prostitution in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Italy" title="Prostitution in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Kazakhstan" title="Prostitution in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Latvia" title="Prostitution in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Liechtenstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Lithuania" title="Prostitution in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Luxembourg" title="Prostitution in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Malta" title="Prostitution in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Moldova" title="Prostitution in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Monaco" title="Prostitution in Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Netherlands" title="Prostitution in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_North_Macedonia" title="Prostitution in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Norway" title="Prostitution in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Poland" title="Prostitution in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Portugal" title="Prostitution in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Romania" title="Prostitution in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Russia" title="Prostitution in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_San_Marino" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Slovakia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Slovenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Spain" title="Prostitution in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Sweden" title="Prostitution in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Switzerland" title="Prostitution in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Turkey" title="Prostitution in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Ukraine" title="Prostitution in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prostitution in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Vatican_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Abkhazia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Kosovo" title="Prostitution in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_South_Ossetia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Transnistria" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_%C3%85land" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Åland">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Faroe_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Guernsey" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Isle_of_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Svalbard" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Svalbard">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prostitution_in_Oceania" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oceania_topic" title="Template:Oceania topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oceania_topic" title="Template talk:Oceania topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oceania_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oceania topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prostitution_in_Oceania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Oceania" title="Prostitution in Oceania">Prostitution in Oceania </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Australia" title="Prostitution in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Fiji" title="Prostitution in Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Kiribati" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Marshall_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Nauru" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_New_Zealand" title="Prostitution in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Palau" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Prostitution in Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Samoa" title="Prostitution in Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Solomon_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Tonga" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Tuvalu" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Vanuatu" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated states of New Zealand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Cook_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Niue" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Niue">Niue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_American_Samoa" title="Prostitution in American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Christmas_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Easter_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Easter Island">Easter Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_French_Polynesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Guam" title="Prostitution in Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Hawaii" title="Prostitution in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_New_Caledonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Norfolk_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Pitcairn_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in the Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Tokelau" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Tokelau">Tokelau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Wallis_and_Futuna" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitution in Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sexual_ethics" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sexual_ethics" title="Template:Sexual ethics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sexual_ethics" title="Template talk:Sexual ethics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sexual_ethics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sexual ethics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sexual_ethics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sexual_ethics" title="Sexual ethics">Sexual ethics</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_sexuality" title="Human sexuality">Human sexuality</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolescent_sexuality" title="Adolescent sexuality">Adolescent sexuality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_party_(sexuality)" title="Rainbow party (sexuality)">Rainbow party</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adultery" title="Adultery">Adultery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_education" title="Sex education">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_fetishism" title="Sexual fetishism">Fetishism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incest" title="Incest">Incest</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laws_regarding_incest" class="mw-redirect" title="Laws regarding incest">law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infidelity" title="Infidelity">Infidelity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miscegenation" title="Miscegenation">Miscegenation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obesity_and_sexuality" title="Obesity and sexuality">Obesity and sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_objectification" title="Sexual objectification">Objectification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_orientation" title="Sexual orientation">Orientation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornography" title="Pornography">Pornography</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gay_pornography" title="Gay pornography">gay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornography_laws_by_region" title="Pornography laws by region">law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesbian_pornography" class="mw-redirect" title="Lesbian pornography">lesbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_pornography" class="mw-redirect" title="Women's pornography">women's</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pregnancy" title="Pregnancy">Pregnancy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">Abortion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prostitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_law" title="Prostitution law">law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reproductive_rights" title="Reproductive rights">Reproductive rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_sexuality" title="Right to sexuality">Right to sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex-positive_feminism" title="Sex-positive feminism">Sex-positive feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex-positive_movement" title="Sex-positive movement">Sex-positive movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_workers%27_rights" title="Sex workers' rights">Sex workers' rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survival_sex" title="Survival sex">Survival sex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Child_sexuality" title="Child sexuality">Child sexuality</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Child_marriage" title="Child marriage">Child marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_pornography" title="Child pornography">Child pornography</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legality_of_child_pornography" title="Legality of child pornography">law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_prostitution" title="Child prostitution">Child prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_sex_tourism" title="Child sex tourism">Child sex tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abuse" title="Sexual abuse">Sexual abuse</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Child-on-child_sexual_abuse" title="Child-on-child sexual abuse">Child-on-child sexual abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_sexual_abuse" title="Child sexual abuse">Child sexual abuse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laws_regarding_child_sexual_abuse" title="Laws regarding child sexual abuse">law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cybersex_trafficking" title="Cybersex trafficking">Cybersex trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_harassment" title="Sexual harassment">Harassment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape" title="Rape">Rape</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laws_regarding_rape" title="Laws regarding rape">law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking" title="Sex trafficking">Sex trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_slavery" title="Sexual slavery">Sexual slavery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent" title="Age of consent">Age of consent</a> (<a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent_reform" title="Age of consent reform">reform</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent_in_Africa" title="Age of consent in Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent_in_Asia" title="Age of consent in Asia">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent_in_Europe" title="Age of consent in Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent_in_North_America" title="Age of consent in North America">North America</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent_in_the_United_States" title="Age of consent in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent_in_Mexico" title="Age of consent in Mexico">Mexico</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent_in_Oceania" title="Age of consent in Oceania">Oceania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent_in_South_America" title="Age of consent in South America">South America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_sexual_ethics" title="Outline of sexual ethics">Topical outline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Outline_of_human_sexuality" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sex" title="Template:Sex"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sex" title="Template talk:Sex"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sex" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sex"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Outline_of_human_sexuality" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_human_sexuality" title="Outline of human sexuality">Outline</a> of <a href="/wiki/Human_sexuality" title="Human sexuality">human sexuality</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Physiology" title="Physiology">Physiology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Biology" title="Biology">biology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clitoral_erection" title="Clitoral erection">Clitoral erection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erogenous_zone" title="Erogenous zone">Erogenous zones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insemination" title="Insemination">Insemination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intersex" title="Intersex">Intersex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libido" title="Libido">Libido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nocturnal_emission" title="Nocturnal emission">Nocturnal emission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orgasm" title="Orgasm">Orgasm</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Female_ejaculation" title="Female ejaculation">Female</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ejaculation" title="Ejaculation">male ejaculation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelvic_thrust" title="Pelvic thrust">Pelvic thrust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erection" title="Erection">Penile erection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-ejaculate" title="Pre-ejaculate">Pre-ejaculate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pregnancy" title="Pregnancy">Pregnancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_arousal" title="Sexual arousal">Sexual arousal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_sexual_response_cycle" title="Human sexual response cycle">Sexual response cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_stimulation" title="Sexual stimulation">Sexual stimulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaginal_lubrication" title="Vaginal lubrication">Vaginal lubrication</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sexual_and_reproductive_health" title="Sexual and reproductive health">Health</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sex_education" title="Sex education">education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birth_control" title="Birth control">Birth control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condom" title="Condom">Condom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Male_contraceptive" title="Male contraceptive">Male contraceptive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masters_and_Johnson" title="Masters and Johnson">Masters and Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obesity_and_sexuality" title="Obesity and sexuality">Obesity and sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reproductive_medicine" title="Reproductive medicine">Reproductive medicine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrology" title="Andrology">Andrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gynaecology" title="Gynaecology">Gynaecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urology" title="Urology">Urology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safe_sex" title="Safe sex">Safe sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_education" title="Sex education">Sex education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_therapy" title="Sex therapy">Sex therapy</a> (<a href="/wiki/PLISSIT_model" title="PLISSIT model">PLISSIT model</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexology" title="Sexology">Sexology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_dysfunction" title="Sexual dysfunction">Sexual dysfunction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erectile_dysfunction" title="Erectile dysfunction">Erectile dysfunction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypersexuality" title="Hypersexuality">Hypersexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypoactive_sexual_desire_disorder" title="Hypoactive sexual desire disorder">Hyposexuality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_medicine" title="Sexual medicine">Sexual medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_surrogate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual surrogate">Sexual surrogate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexually_transmitted_infection" title="Sexually transmitted infection">Sexually transmitted infection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Identity_(social_science)" title="Identity (social science)">Identity</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sexual_diversity" title="Sexual diversity">diversity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gender_binary" title="Gender binary">Gender binary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_identity" title="Gender identity">Gender identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men_who_have_sex_with_men" title="Men who have sex with men">Men who have sex with men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_identity" title="Sexual identity">Sexual identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_orientation" title="Sexual orientation">Sexual orientation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_who_have_sex_with_women" title="Women who have sex with women">Women who have sex with women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sex_and_the_law" title="Sex and the law">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent" title="Age of consent">Age of consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_transmission_of_HIV" title="Criminal transmission of HIV">Criminal transmission of HIV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_sexual_abuse" title="Child sexual abuse">Child sexual abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incest" title="Incest">Incest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indecent_exposure" title="Indecent exposure">Indecent exposure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obscenity" title="Obscenity">Obscenity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abuse" title="Sexual abuse">Sexual abuse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cybersex_trafficking" title="Cybersex trafficking">Cybersex trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape" title="Rape">Rape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking" title="Sex trafficking">Sex trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_assault" title="Sexual assault">Sexual assault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_harassment" title="Sexual harassment">Sexual harassment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_misconduct" title="Sexual misconduct">Sexual misconduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_slavery" title="Sexual slavery">Sexual slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_violence" title="Sexual violence">Sexual violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revenge_pornography" class="mw-redirect" title="Revenge pornography">Revenge pornography</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_human_sexuality" title="History of human sexuality">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Movie" title="Blue Movie">Blue Movie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s" title="Counterculture of the 1960s">Counterculture of the 1960s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_sex_wars" title="Feminist sex wars">Feminist sex wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Porn" title="Golden Age of Porn">Golden Age of Porn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_erotic_depictions" title="History of erotic depictions">History of erotic depictions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_revolution" title="Sexual revolution">Sexual revolution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Intimate_relationship" title="Intimate relationship">Relationships</a> and <a href="/wiki/Society" title="Society">society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_and_issues_related_to_love_and_sex" title="Anarchism and issues related to love and sex">Anarchism and love/sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extramarital_sex" title="Extramarital sex">Extramarital sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_planning" title="Family planning">Family planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flirting" title="Flirting">Flirting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_love" title="Free love">Free love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage" title="Marriage">Marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modesty" title="Modesty">Modesty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orgasm_gap" title="Orgasm gap">Orgasm gap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyamory" title="Polyamory">Polyamory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premarital_sex" title="Premarital sex">Premarital sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promiscuity" title="Promiscuity">Promiscuity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_(love)" title="Romance (love)">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex-positive_movement" title="Sex-positive movement">Sex-positive movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abstinence" title="Sexual abstinence">Sexual abstinence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_addiction" title="Sexual addiction">Sexual addiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_attraction" title="Sexual attraction">Sexual attraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_capital" title="Sexual capital">Sexual capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_ethics" title="Sexual ethics">Sexual ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_objectification" title="Sexual objectification">Sexual objectification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_repression" title="Sexual repression">Sexual repression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_slang" title="Sexual slang">Sexual slang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split_attraction_model" title="Split attraction model">Split attraction model</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sexuality_by_country" title="Category:Sexuality by country">By country</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_ancient_Rome" title="Sexuality in ancient Rome">Ancient Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_China" title="Sexuality in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_India" title="Sexuality in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_Japan" title="Sexuality in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a 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196.732 47 Template:Cite_book"," 8.03% 186.052 49 Template:Sfn"," 6.31% 146.077 39 Template:Cite_news"," 6.00% 139.097 31 Template:Cite_journal"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.390","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":19835609,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n}\ntable#1 {\n}\nanchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREF(eISB)\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBaran2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBeardHenderson1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBeckman2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBennett1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBennetts\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBenoitJanssonSmithFlagg2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBergan2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBhattacharji1987\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBindel2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrewerPotteratGarrett2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrown2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBudin2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBulloughBrundage1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBulloughBrundage2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCabezas2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCarlineScoular2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCarol_Tan2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCarroll2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCasciani2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCastilloJenkins1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChettiarShannonWoodZhang2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCho2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCho2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChristine_Jackman2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCôtéSobelaDzokoto2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFD\u0026#039;CostaPlummerBowmer1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDi_NicolaCauduroLombardiRuspini2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDickinsonSmith2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDitmore2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDynes2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFE._Benjamin_Skinner2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEdlundKorn2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEdwards1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFindlenFontaineOsheim2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFisher2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFlowers1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFlowers2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFForrest_Wickman2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGale2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGary_Langer,_with_Cheryl_Arnedt_and_Dalia_Sussman2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGazali2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGerdy,_Tom2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGeremek2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGhosh2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGreeneEnnettRingwalt1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGus_Lubin2012\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFHarsin1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHenriques-Gomes2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHewitt2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHorning,_A.Thomas,_C.MarcusSriken,_J.2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHuman_Rights_Watch2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHyam2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJean-Michel\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJensen2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKapparis2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKarras1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKarras1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKemal_Sılay1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKnauer2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLear2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLing2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLucy_Williamson2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMalika_Saada_Saar2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMartin_Moen2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMatthews2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcCall,_Andrew2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcCormack2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcGinn2003\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFMeghan_Murphy2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMeriBacharach2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMoorhead2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMortimer2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMånsson\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNagelkerkeJhade_Vlas2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNeinsteinGordonKatzmanRosen2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNick_Davies2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOtis1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFP.O._Box_9716\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPark2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFParshallParshall2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPerkinsLovejoy2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPheterson1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPohl,_Florian2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPotteratBrewerMuth2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPotteratWoodhouseMuthMuth1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFProblemsAffairs1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRamseyer2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRathusNevidFichner-Rathus2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRisselRichtersGrulichVisser2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRoberts1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRoberts2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRojanapithayakorn_W2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRollo-Koster2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRossiaud1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRoth2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSanger1859\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFScamblerScambler1997\"] = 1,\n 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web\"] = 82,\n [\"Clear left\"] = 1,\n [\"Commons category-inline\"] = 1,\n [\"Currency\"] = 2,\n [\"Div col\"] = 1,\n [\"Div col end\"] = 1,\n [\"EB1911 poster\"] = 1,\n [\"Europe in topic\"] = 1,\n [\"Further\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 2,\n [\"In lang\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox Occupation\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang\"] = 2,\n [\"Legend\"] = 6,\n [\"Linktext\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 15,\n [\"Mdash\"] = 1,\n [\"Merriam-Webster\"] = 1,\n [\"More citations needed section\"] = 1,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 1,\n [\"Navboxes\"] = 1,\n [\"Nihongo\"] = 2,\n [\"Oceania in topic\"] = 1,\n [\"Portal\"] = 1,\n [\"Pp-move\"] = 1,\n [\"Pp-semi-indef\"] = 1,\n [\"Prostitution\"] = 1,\n [\"Redirect-several\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 2,\n [\"Refend\"] = 2,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 6,\n [\"Sex\"] = 1,\n [\"Sex and the law\"] = 1,\n [\"Sexual ethics\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 49,\n [\"Sfnm\"] = 4,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 3,\n [\"Wikiquote-inline\"] = 1,\n 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