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class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/esther/1.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/esther/1.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />&#8220According to law, what must be done to Queen Vashti?&#8221 he asked. &#8220She has not obeyed the command of King Xerxes that the eunuchs have taken to her.&#8221<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/esther/1.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />“What must be done to Queen Vashti?” the king demanded. “What penalty does the law provide for a queen who refuses to obey the king’s orders, properly sent through his eunuchs?”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/esther/1.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />“According to the law, what is to be done to Queen Vashti, because she has not performed the command of King Ahasuerus delivered by the eunuchs?”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/esther/1.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />“According to law,” he asked, “what should be done with Queen Vashti, since she refused to obey the command of King Xerxes delivered by the eunuchs?”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/esther/1.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />What shall we do unto the queen Vashti according to law, because she hath not performed the commandment of the king Ahasuerus by the chamberlains?<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/esther/1.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />“What <i>shall we</i> do to Queen Vashti, according to law, because she did not obey the command of King Ahasuerus <i>brought to her</i> by the eunuchs?”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/esther/1.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />“According to law, what is to be done with Queen Vashti, since she did not obey the command of King Ahasuerus delivered by the eunuchs?”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/esther/1.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />&#8220According to law, what is to be done with Queen Vashti, because she did not obey the command of King Ahasuerus delivered by the eunuchs?&#8221<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/esther/1.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />“According to law, what is to be done with Queen Vashti, because she did not obey the command of King Ahasuerus <i>delivered</i> by the eunuchs?”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/esther/1.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />“According to law, what is to be done with Queen Vashti, because she did not do the declaration of King Ahasuerus <i>delivered</i> by the hand of the eunuchs?”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/esther/1.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />[He said,] “According to the law, what is to be done with Queen Vashti because she did not obey the command of King Ahasuerus <i>which was conveyed</i> by the eunuchs?”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/esther/1.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />The king asked, “According to the law, what should be done with Queen Vashti, since she refused to obey King Ahasuerus’s command that was delivered by the eunuchs? ”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/esther/1.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />The king asked, &#8220According to the law, what should be done with Queen Vashti, since she refused to obey King Ahasuerus&#8217s command that was delivered by the eunuchs?&#8221 <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/esther/1.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />What shall we do unto the queen Vashti according to law, because she hath not done the bidding of the king Ahasuerus by the chamberlains?<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/esther/1.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />The king said to them, "Queen Vashti refused to come to me when I sent my servants for her. What does the law say I should do about that?" <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/esther/1.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />What shall we do unto the queen Vashti according to law, because she hath not done the bidding of the king Ahasuerus by the chamberlains?<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/esther/1.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />"According to the royal decrees, what must we do with Queen Vashti since she did not obey King Xerxes' command, which the eunuchs delivered?"<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/esther/1.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />He said to these men, "I, King Xerxes, sent my servants to Queen Vashti with a command, and she refused to obey it! What does the law say that we should do with her?" <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/esther/1.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />The king inquired, "According to law, what should be done to Queen Vashti because she did not obey the order of King Ahasuerus that was delivered by the eunuchs?"<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/esther/1.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />?According to law,? he asked, ?what should be done with Queen Vashti, since she refused to obey the command of King Xerxes delivered by the eunuchs??<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/esther/1.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />The king asked, "By law, what should be done to Queen Vashti in light of the fact that she has not obeyed the instructions of King Ahasuerus conveyed through the eunuchs?" <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/esther/1.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />"What shall we do to the queen Vashti according to law, because she has not done the bidding of the King Achshayarsh by the eunuchs?"<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/esther/1.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />What shall we do to the queen Vashti according to law, because she hath not performed the commandment of the king Ahasuerus by the chamberlains?<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/esther/1.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />“What shall we do to Queen Vashti according to law, because she has not done the bidding of the King Ahasuerus by the eunuchs?” <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/esther/1.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />“According to law, what should [I] do with Queen Vashti, because that she has not done the saying of King Ahasuerus by the hand of the eunuchs?”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/esther/1.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> 'According to law, what -- to do with queen Vashti, because that she hath not done the saying of the king Ahasuerus by the hand of the eunuchs?'<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/esther/1.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />According to the edict what to do against the queen Vashti, for that she did not the word of the king Ahasuerus by the hand of the eunuchs?<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/esther/1.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />What sentence ought to pass upon Vasthi the queen, who had refused to obey the commandment of king Assuerus, which he had sent to her by the eunuchs? <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/esther/1.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br /><V 3:15>as to what sentence should fall upon Vashti the queen, who had refused to do the commandment of king Artaxerxes, which he had delivered to her by the eunuchs.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/esther/1.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />and asked them, “What is to be done by law with Queen Vashti for disobeying the order of King Ahasuerus issued through the eunuchs?”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/esther/1.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />“According to the law, what is to be done to Queen Vashti because she has not performed the command of King Ahasuerus conveyed by the eunuchs?”<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/esther/1.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />And he said, What shall we do to Queen Vashti, according to law, because she has not performed the command of King Akhshirash by the eunuchs?<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/esther/1.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />They said, “What ought to be done to Queen Vashti, because she has not done the word of King Akhashiresh who sent by the hand of the Eunuchs?”<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/esther/1.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />What shall we do unto the queen Vashti according to law, forasmuch as she hath not done the bidding of the king Ahasuerus by the chamberlains?'<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/esther/1.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />and reported to him according to the laws how it was proper to do to queen Astin, because she had not done the things commanded of the king by the chamberlains.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/esther/1-15.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/TRosJDhNG-8?start=162" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/esther/1.htm">Queen Vashti Deposed</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">14</span>His closest advisors were Carshena, Shethar, Admatha, Tarshish, Meres, Marsena, and Memucan, the seven princes of Persia and Media who had personal access to the king and ranked highest in the kingdom. <span class="reftext">15</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/1881.htm" title="1881: kə·ḏāṯ (Prep-k:: N-fs) -- Decree, law. Of uncertain derivation: a royal edict or statute.">“According to law,”</a> <a href="/hebrew/4100.htm" title="4100: mah- (Interrog) -- What? how? anything. ">he asked, “what</a> <a href="/hebrew/6213.htm" title="6213: la·‘ă·śō·wṯ (Prep-l:: V-Qal-Inf) -- To do, make. A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application.">should be done</a> <a href="/hebrew/4436.htm" title="4436: bam·mal·kāh (Prep-b, Art:: N-fs) -- Queen. Feminine of melek; a queen.">with Queen</a> <a href="/hebrew/2060.htm" title="2060: waš·tî (N-proper-ms) -- Queen of Pers. Of Persian origin; Vashti, the queen of Xerxes.">Vashti,</a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: ‘al (Prep) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications.">since</a> <a href="/hebrew/834.htm" title="834: ’ă·šer (Pro-r) -- Who, which, that. A primitive relative pronoun; who, which, what, that; also when, where, how, because, in order that, etc."></a> <a href="/hebrew/3808.htm" title="3808: lō- (Adv-NegPrt) -- Not. Or lowi; or loh; a primitive particle; not; by implication, no; often used with other particles.">she refused to obey</a> <a href="/hebrew/6213.htm" title="6213: ‘ā·śə·ṯāh (V-Qal-Perf-3fs) -- To do, make. A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application."></a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: ’eṯ- (DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/3982.htm" title="3982: ma·’ă·mar (N-msc) -- A word, command. From 'amar; something said, i.e. An edict.">the command</a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: ham·me·leḵ (Art:: N-ms) -- King. From malak; a king.">of King</a> <a href="/hebrew/325.htm" title="325: ’ă·ḥaš·wê·rō·wōš (N-proper-ms) -- King of Persia. Or pachashrosh; of Persian origin; Achashverosh, the title of a Persian king.">Xerxes</a> <a href="/hebrew/3027.htm" title="3027: bə·yaḏ (Prep-b:: N-fsc) -- Hand (indicating power, means, direction, etc.)">delivered by</a> <a href="/hebrew/5631.htm" title="5631: has·sā·rî·sîm (Art:: N-mp) -- Eunuch. Or caric; from an unused root meaning to castrate; a eunuch; by implication, valet, and thus, a minister of state.">the eunuchs?”</a> </span><span class="reftext">16</span>And in the presence of the king and his princes, Memucan replied, “Queen Vashti has wronged not only the king, but all the princes and the peoples in all the provinces of King Xerxes.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/daniel/6-8.htm">Daniel 6:8-15</a></span><br />Therefore, O king, establish the decree and sign the document so that it cannot be changed—in accordance with the law of the Medes and Persians, which cannot be repealed.” / Therefore King Darius signed the written decree. / Now when Daniel learned that the document had been signed, he went into his house, where the windows of his upper room opened toward Jerusalem, and three times a day he got down on his knees, prayed, and gave thanks to his God, just as he had done before. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ezra/7-26.htm">Ezra 7:26</a></span><br />If anyone does not keep the law of your God and the law of the king, let a strict judgment be executed against him, whether death, banishment, confiscation of property, or imprisonment.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/13-1.htm">Romans 13:1-2</a></span><br />Everyone must submit himself to the governing authorities, for there is no authority except that which is from God. The authorities that exist have been appointed by God. / Consequently, whoever resists authority is opposing what God has set in place, and those who do so will bring judgment on themselves.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_peter/2-13.htm">1 Peter 2:13-14</a></span><br />Submit yourselves for the Lord’s sake to every human institution, whether to the king as the supreme authority, / or to governors as those sent by him to punish those who do wrong and to praise those who do right.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/proverbs/31-4.htm">Proverbs 31:4-5</a></span><br />It is not for kings, O Lemuel, it is not for kings to drink wine, or for rulers to crave strong drink, / lest they drink and forget what is decreed, depriving all the oppressed of justice.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ecclesiastes/8-2.htm">Ecclesiastes 8:2-4</a></span><br />Keep the king’s command, I say, because of your oath before God. / Do not hasten to leave his presence, and do not persist in a bad cause, for he will do whatever he pleases. / For the king’s word is supreme, and who can say to him, “What are you doing?”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/22-21.htm">Matthew 22:21</a></span><br />“Caesar’s,” they answered. So Jesus told them, “Give to Caesar what is Caesar’s, and to God what is God’s.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/5-29.htm">Acts 5:29</a></span><br />But Peter and the other apostles replied, “We must obey God rather than men.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_timothy/2-1.htm">1 Timothy 2:1-2</a></span><br />First of all, then, I urge that petitions, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgiving be offered for everyone— / for kings and all those in authority—so that we may lead tranquil and quiet lives in all godliness and dignity.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_samuel/15-22.htm">1 Samuel 15:22-23</a></span><br />But Samuel declared: “Does the LORD delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices as much as in obedience to His voice? Behold, obedience is better than sacrifice, and attentiveness is better than the fat of rams. / For rebellion is like the sin of divination, and arrogance is like the wickedness of idolatry. Because you have rejected the word of the LORD, He has rejected you as king.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/deuteronomy/17-12.htm">Deuteronomy 17:12</a></span><br />But the man who acts presumptuously, refusing to listen either to the priest who stands there to serve the LORD your God, or to the judge, must be put to death. You must purge the evil from Israel.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/titus/3-1.htm">Titus 3:1</a></span><br />Remind the believers to submit to rulers and authorities, to be obedient and ready for every good work,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/colossians/3-18.htm">Colossians 3:18</a></span><br />Wives, submit to your husbands, as is fitting in the Lord.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ephesians/5-22.htm">Ephesians 5:22-24</a></span><br />Wives, submit to your husbands as to the Lord. / For the husband is the head of the wife as Christ is the head of the church, His body, of which He is the Savior. / Now as the church submits to Christ, so also wives should submit to their husbands in everything.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_corinthians/14-34.htm">1 Corinthians 14:34-35</a></span><br />Women are to be silent in the churches. They are not permitted to speak, but must be in submission, as the law says. / If they wish to inquire about something, they are to ask their own husbands at home; for it is dishonorable for a woman to speak in the church.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">What shall we do to the queen Vashti according to law, because she has not performed the commandment of the king Ahasuerus by the chamberlains?</p><p class="hdg">What shall we do.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/esther/6-6.htm">Esther 6:6</a></b></br> So Haman came in. And the king said unto him, What shall be done unto the man whom the king delighteth to honour? Now Haman thought in his heart, To whom would the king delight to do honour more than to myself?</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/esther/1-10.htm">Ahasuerus</a> <a href="/esther/1-9.htm">Ahasu-E'rus</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/12-32.htm">Bidding</a> <a href="/esther/1-12.htm">Chamberlains</a> <a href="/esther/1-12.htm">Command</a> <a href="/esther/1-12.htm">Commandment</a> <a href="/esther/1-12.htm">Conveyed</a> <a href="/esther/1-12.htm">Delivered</a> <a href="/esther/1-12.htm">Eunuchs</a> <a href="/ezra/7-14.htm">Forasmuch</a> <a href="/esther/1-12.htm">Hand</a> <a href="/esther/1-13.htm">Law</a> <a href="/nehemiah/9-17.htm">Obey</a> <a href="/nehemiah/1-7.htm">Obeyed</a> <a href="/esther/1-8.htm">Orders</a> <a href="/nehemiah/13-14.htm">Performed</a> <a href="/esther/1-12.htm">Queen</a> <a href="/esther/1-12.htm">Servants</a> <a href="/esther/1-12.htm">Vashti</a> <a href="/esther/1-9.htm">Xerxes</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/esther/1-16.htm">Ahasuerus</a> <a href="/esther/1-16.htm">Ahasu-E'rus</a> <a href="/psalms/103-20.htm">Bidding</a> <a href="/esther/2-21.htm">Chamberlains</a> <a href="/esther/2-8.htm">Command</a> <a href="/esther/1-19.htm">Commandment</a> <a href="/john/5-13.htm">Conveyed</a> <a href="/esther/6-9.htm">Delivered</a> <a href="/esther/2-21.htm">Eunuchs</a> <a href="/ecclesiastes/8-4.htm">Forasmuch</a> <a href="/esther/3-10.htm">Hand</a> <a href="/esther/4-3.htm">Law</a> <a href="/job/36-11.htm">Obey</a> <a href="/esther/2-20.htm">Obeyed</a> <a href="/esther/2-10.htm">Orders</a> <a href="/esther/2-20.htm">Performed</a> <a href="/esther/1-16.htm">Queen</a> <a href="/esther/2-2.htm">Servants</a> <a href="/esther/1-16.htm">Vashti</a> <a href="/esther/1-16.htm">Xerxes</a><div class="vheading2">Esther 1</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/esther/1-1.htm">Xerxes makes royal feasts.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">10. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/esther/1-10.htm">Vashti, sent for, refuses to come.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">13. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/esther/1-13.htm">Xerxes, by the counsel of Memucan, puts away Vashti, and decrees men's sovereignty.</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/esther/1.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/esther/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/esther/1.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>According to law,</b><br>In the Persian Empire, the law was considered unchangeable and was often used to maintain order and authority. The king's decrees were binding, and any disobedience was seen as a challenge to his rule. This reflects the broader biblical theme of the importance of law and order, as seen in <a href="/romans/13.htm">Romans 13:1-2</a>, where believers are instructed to submit to governing authorities.<p><b>he asked,</b><br>King Xerxes, also known as Ahasuerus, sought counsel from his advisors, demonstrating the practice of consulting wise men or counselors, a common practice in ancient monarchies. This mirrors the biblical principle of seeking wisdom from others, as seen in <a href="/proverbs/11-14.htm">Proverbs 11:14</a>, which states that there is safety in a multitude of counselors.<p><b>what should be done with Queen Vashti,</b><br>Queen Vashti's refusal to appear before the king was unprecedented and posed a significant challenge to royal authority. Her actions could set a precedent for other women in the empire, potentially leading to widespread disobedience. This situation highlights the cultural expectations of women in ancient Persia, where they were expected to be obedient and subservient to their husbands.<p><b>since she refused to obey the command of King Xerxes</b><br>Vashti's refusal is a pivotal moment in the narrative, setting the stage for Esther's rise. It underscores the theme of divine providence, as God uses human actions, even those of disobedience, to fulfill His purposes. This can be compared to Joseph's story in <a href="/genesis/50-20.htm">Genesis 50:20</a>, where God uses what was meant for evil for good.<p><b>delivered by the eunuchs?</b><br>Eunuchs were trusted servants in the royal court, often tasked with carrying out sensitive duties. Their involvement in delivering the king's command underscores the hierarchical structure of the Persian court. This reflects the broader biblical theme of servanthood and the role of intermediaries, as seen in the role of angels as messengers of God in <a href="/hebrews/1-14.htm">Hebrews 1:14</a>.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/k/king_xerxes.htm">King Xerxes (Ahasuerus)</a></b><br>The Persian king who reigned over 127 provinces from India to Cush. He is known for his opulent lifestyle and the grand feast he hosted, which sets the stage for the events in Esther.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/q/queen_vashti.htm">Queen Vashti</a></b><br>The queen who defied King Xerxes' command to appear before him and his guests, leading to a pivotal moment in the account of Esther.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_eunuchs.htm">The Eunuchs</a></b><br>Servants of the king who were tasked with delivering his command to Queen Vashti. Their role highlights the communication and hierarchy within the Persian court.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_law_of_the_persians_and_medes.htm">The Law of the Persians and Medes</a></b><br>The legal system that governed the empire, known for its unchangeable decrees. This context is crucial for understanding the gravity of Vashti's defiance.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_royal_court.htm">The Royal Court</a></b><br>The setting where the king and his advisors deliberate on the consequences of Vashti's actions, reflecting the political and social dynamics of the time.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_obedience_and_authority.htm">The Importance of Obedience and Authority</a></b><br>The account highlights the significance of obedience to authority, a theme that resonates throughout Scripture. It challenges us to consider our own responses to authority figures in our lives.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_law_and_justice.htm">The Role of Law and Justice</a></b><br>The Persian legal system's rigidity serves as a reminder of the need for justice tempered with mercy, a balance that is perfectly embodied in God's character.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/c/courage_and_consequences.htm">Courage and Consequences</a></b><br>Vashti's actions, whether seen as courageous or rebellious, remind us that our choices have consequences. We are called to weigh our decisions carefully, considering both earthly and divine laws.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_in_human_affairs.htm">God's Sovereignty in Human Affairs</a></b><br>Even in a pagan empire, God's hand is at work, setting the stage for Esther's rise. This encourages us to trust in God's sovereignty, even when circumstances seem unfavorable.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_esther_1.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Esther 1</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/do_catholics_attain_salvation.htm">What does 'For Such a Time as This' mean?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/are_there_records_of_vashti's_banishment.htm">Could Queen Vashti's refusal (Esther 1:12) and subsequent banishment be supported by Persian royal court records or historical precedents?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_does_esther_2_15_align_biblically.htm">How does Esther 2:15 align with other biblical traditions when it omits any mention of Jewish religious practice?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_did_king_ahasuerus_leave_in_anger.htm">Esther 7:7 - Why would King Ahasuerus suddenly abandon the feast in anger without prior indications of Haman's treachery in earlier records of Persian court life?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/esther/1.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 15.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">What shall we do to queen Vashti according to law</span>? Literally, "According to law, what is there to do to queen Vashti?" Law is given the prominent place, as though the king would say, Let us put aside feeling, and simply consider what the law is. If a queen disobeys the king openly in the face of his court, what, according to law, is to be done to her? <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/esther/1-15.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">“According to law,”</span><br /><span class="heb">כְּדָת֙</span> <span class="translit">(kə·ḏāṯ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-k | Noun - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1881.htm">Strong's 1881: </a> </span><span class="str2">A royal edict, statute</span><br /><br /><span class="word">he asked, “what</span><br /><span class="heb">מַֽה־</span> <span class="translit">(mah-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Interrogative<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4100.htm">Strong's 4100: </a> </span><span class="str2">What?, what!, indefinitely what</span><br /><br /><span class="word">should be done</span><br /><span class="heb">לַּעֲשׂ֔וֹת</span> <span class="translit">(la·‘ă·śō·wṯ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6213.htm">Strong's 6213: </a> </span><span class="str2">To do, make</span><br /><br /><span class="word">with Queen</span><br /><span class="heb">בַּמַּלְכָּ֖ה</span> <span class="translit">(bam·mal·kāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4436.htm">Strong's 4436: </a> </span><span class="str2">Queen -- a queen</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Vashti,</span><br /><span class="heb">וַשְׁתִּ֑י</span> <span class="translit">(waš·tî)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2060.htm">Strong's 2060: </a> </span><span class="str2">Vashti -- queen of Pers</span><br /><br /><span class="word">since</span><br /><span class="heb">עַ֣ל ׀</span> <span class="translit">(‘al)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> </span><span class="str2">Above, over, upon, against</span><br /><br /><span class="word">she refused to obey</span><br /><span class="heb">לֹֽא־</span> <span class="translit">(lō-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Adverb - Negative particle<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3808.htm">Strong's 3808: </a> </span><span class="str2">Not, no</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the command</span><br /><span class="heb">מַאֲמַר֙</span> <span class="translit">(ma·’ă·mar)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3982.htm">Strong's 3982: </a> </span><span class="str2">Something, said, an edict</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of King</span><br /><span class="heb">הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ</span> <span class="translit">(ham·me·leḵ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> </span><span class="str2">A king</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Xerxes</span><br /><span class="heb">אֲחַשְׁוֵר֔וֹשׁ</span> <span class="translit">(’ă·ḥaš·wê·rō·wōš)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_325.htm">Strong's 325: </a> </span><span class="str2">Ahasuerus -- king of Persia</span><br /><br /><span class="word">delivered by</span><br /><span class="heb">בְּיַ֖ד</span> <span class="translit">(bə·yaḏ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3027.htm">Strong's 3027: </a> </span><span class="str2">A hand</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the eunuchs?”</span><br /><span class="heb">הַסָּרִיסִֽים׃</span> <span class="translit">(has·sā·rî·sîm)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5631.htm">Strong's 5631: </a> </span><span class="str2">A eunuch, valet, a minister of state</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/esther/1-15.htm">Esther 1:15 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/esther/1-15.htm">Esther 1:15 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/esther/1-15.htm">Esther 1:15 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/esther/1-15.htm">Esther 1:15 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/esther/1-15.htm">Esther 1:15 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/esther/1-15.htm">Esther 1:15 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/esther/1-15.htm">Esther 1:15 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/esther/1-15.htm">Esther 1:15 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/esther/1-15.htm">Esther 1:15 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/esther/1-15.htm">Esther 1:15 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/esther/1-15.htm">OT History: Esther 1:15 What shall we do to the queen (Est Esth. Es) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/esther/1-14.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Esther 1:14"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Esther 1:14" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/esther/1-16.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Esther 1:16"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Esther 1:16" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>