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Melpomene - Wikipedia

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<span>Myth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Myth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iconography_and_depiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iconography_and_depiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Iconography and depiction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iconography_and_depiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Invocation_and_use" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Invocation_and_use"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Invocation and use</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Invocation_and_use-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Invocation and use subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Invocation_and_use-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Visual_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Visual_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Visual art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Visual_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Science" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Science"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Science</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Science-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Melpomene</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 55 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A" title="ميلبوميني – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ميلبوميني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomena" title="Melpomena – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Melpomena" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87" title="মেল্পোমেনে – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মেল্পোমেনে" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мельпамена – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мельпамена" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мэльпамэна – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мэльпамэна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мелпомена – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мелпомена" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomena" title="Melpomena – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Melpomena" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Melpomene" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melp%C3%B2mene" title="Melpòmene – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Melpòmene" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomen%C3%A9" title="Melpomené – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Melpomené" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Melpomene" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Melpomene" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Melpomene" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CE%BB%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B7" title="Μελπομένη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μελπομένη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melp%C3%B3mene" title="Melpómene – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Melpómene" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomeno" title="Melpomeno – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Melpomeno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Melpomene" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87" title="ملپومنه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ملپومنه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpom%C3%A8ne" title="Melpomène – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Melpomène" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melp%C3%B3mene" title="Melpómene – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Melpómene" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A9%9C%ED%8F%AC%EB%A9%94%EB%84%A4" title="멜포메네 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="멜포메네" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%BA%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A5" title="Մելպոմենե – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մելպոմենե" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomena" title="Melpomena – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Melpomena" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Melpomene" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Melpomene" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Melpomene" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%94" title="מלפומנה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מלפומנה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94" title="მელპომენე – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მელპომენე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomen%C3%AA" title="Melpomenê – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Melpomenê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Melpomene" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Melpomene" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Melpomene" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomen%C4%97" title="Melpomenė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Melpomenė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Melpomene" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomen%C3%A9" title="Melpomené – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Melpomené" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мелпомена – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мелпомена" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene_(muze)" title="Melpomene (muze) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Melpomene (muze)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9D%E3%83%A1%E3%83%8D%E3%83%BC" title="メルポメネー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="メルポメネー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Melpomene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene_(Mythologie)" title="Melpomene (Mythologie) – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Melpomene (Mythologie)" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene_(mitologia)" title="Melpomene (mitologia) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Melpomene (mitologia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melp%C3%B4mene" title="Melpômene – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Melpômene" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Melpomene" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мельпомена – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мельпомена" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomen%C3%A9" title="Melpomené – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Melpomené" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomena" title="Melpomena – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Melpomena" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мелпомена – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мелпомена" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomena" title="Melpomena – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Melpomena" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Melpomene" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Melpomene" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Melpomene" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomena" title="Melpomena – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Melpomena" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Melpomene" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мельпомена – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мельпомена" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Muse of tragedy in Greek mythology</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Melpomene_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Melpomene (disambiguation)">Melpomene (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;background-color: #CEF2E0;">Melpomene</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="font-size: 110%;">Goddess of Tragedy and Chorus</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Muses" title="Muses">Muses</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ny_Carlsberg_Glyptothek_-_Melpomene.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Ny_Carlsberg_Glyptothek_-_Melpomene.jpg/220px-Ny_Carlsberg_Glyptothek_-_Melpomene.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Ny_Carlsberg_Glyptothek_-_Melpomene.jpg/330px-Ny_Carlsberg_Glyptothek_-_Melpomene.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Ny_Carlsberg_Glyptothek_-_Melpomene.jpg/440px-Ny_Carlsberg_Glyptothek_-_Melpomene.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Roman statue of Melpomene, 2nd century AD. The muse is shown in a long-sleeved garment with a high belt, clothing that was associated with tragic actors. Her wreath of vines and grapes alludes to <a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a>, the god of the theatre</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Abode</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Olympus" title="Mount Olympus">Mount Olympus</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Symbols</th><td class="infobox-data">Tragic mask</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEF2E0;">Genealogy</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne" title="Mnemosyne">Mnemosyne</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Siblings</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Euterpe" title="Euterpe">Euterpe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polyhymnia" title="Polyhymnia">Polyhymnia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urania" title="Urania">Urania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clio" title="Clio">Clio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erato" title="Erato">Erato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thalia_(Muse)" title="Thalia (Muse)">Thalia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Terpsichore" title="Terpsichore">Terpsichore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calliope" title="Calliope">Calliope</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zeus#Offspring" title="Zeus">several paternal half-siblings</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Consort</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Achelous" title="Achelous">Achelous</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">the <a href="/wiki/Siren_(mythology)" title="Siren (mythology)">Sirens</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Melpomene_(by_Joseph_Fagnani).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Melpomene_%28by_Joseph_Fagnani%29.jpg/220px-Melpomene_%28by_Joseph_Fagnani%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Melpomene_%28by_Joseph_Fagnani%29.jpg/330px-Melpomene_%28by_Joseph_Fagnani%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Melpomene_%28by_Joseph_Fagnani%29.jpg/440px-Melpomene_%28by_Joseph_Fagnani%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1816" data-file-height="2307" /></a><figcaption><i>Melpomene</i> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Fagnani&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Fagnani (page does not exist)">Joseph Fagnani</a> (1869)</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Melpomene</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="&#39;m&#39; in &#39;my&#39;">m</span><span title="/ɛ/: &#39;e&#39; in &#39;dress&#39;">ɛ</span><span title="&#39;l&#39; in &#39;lie&#39;">l</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="&#39;p&#39; in &#39;pie&#39;">p</span><span title="/ɒ/: &#39;o&#39; in &#39;body&#39;">ɒ</span><span title="&#39;m&#39; in &#39;my&#39;">m</span><span title="/ɪ/: &#39;i&#39; in &#39;kit&#39;">ɪ</span><span title="&#39;n&#39; in &#39;nigh&#39;">n</span><span title="/iː/: &#39;ee&#39; in &#39;fleece&#39;">iː</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CE%BB%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B7#Ancient_Greek" class="extiw" title="wikt:Μελπομένη">Μελπομένη</a></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Ancient_Greek" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Ancient Greek">romanized</a>:&#160;</small><span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Melpoménē</i></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a>&#8201;</small>&#39;to sing' or 'the one that is melodious&#39;) is the <a href="/wiki/Muse" class="mw-redirect" title="Muse">Muse</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tragedy" title="Tragedy">tragedy</a> in <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>. She is described as the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne" title="Mnemosyne">Mnemosyne</a> (and therefore of power and memory) along with the other Muses, and she is often portrayed with a tragic <a href="/wiki/Theatrical_mask" class="mw-redirect" title="Theatrical mask">theatrical mask</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Melpomene&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Melpomene's name (implying the meaning "Songstress"<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>) is derived by etymologists from the Ancient Greek verb <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BB%CF%80%CF%89" class="extiw" title="wikt:μέλπω">μέλπω</a> (<i>melpô</i>) or from its inflexion μέλπομαι (<i>melpomai</i>) meaning "to celebrate with dance and song".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The Oxford English Dictionary cites μέλπειν (<i>melpein</i> – to sing).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Myth">Myth</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Melpomene&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Myth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Melpomene is one of the nine <a href="/wiki/Muses" title="Muses">Muses</a>, the Muse of tragedy.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:02_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Apollodorus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudo-Apollodorus">Apollodorus</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a> all held that Melpomene was the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne" title="Mnemosyne">Mnemosyne</a>. She was the sister of the other Muses, <a href="/wiki/Calliope" title="Calliope">Calliope</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clio" title="Clio">Clio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erato" title="Erato">Erato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Euterpe" title="Euterpe">Euterpe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polyhymnia" title="Polyhymnia">Polyhymnia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Terpsichore" title="Terpsichore">Terpsichore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thalia_(Muse)" title="Thalia (Muse)">Thalia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Urania" title="Urania">Urania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Apollodorus, <a href="/wiki/Lycophron" title="Lycophron">Lycophron</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Gaius Julius Hyginus</a> said that Melpomene was the mother of the <a href="/wiki/Siren_(mythology)" title="Siren (mythology)">sirens</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> though some ancient writers identified this role with other figures.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Melpomene is described as singing songs of mourning for people of note after they die, particularly for poets.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Iconography_and_depiction">Iconography and depiction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Melpomene&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Iconography and depiction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palestra_grande_di_pompei,_affreschi_di_Moregine,_primo_triclinio_,_IV_stile,_epoca_neroniana,_le_muse_08_melpomene.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Palestra_grande_di_pompei%2C_affreschi_di_Moregine%2C_primo_triclinio_%2C_IV_stile%2C_epoca_neroniana%2C_le_muse_08_melpomene.jpg/220px-Palestra_grande_di_pompei%2C_affreschi_di_Moregine%2C_primo_triclinio_%2C_IV_stile%2C_epoca_neroniana%2C_le_muse_08_melpomene.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="472" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Palestra_grande_di_pompei%2C_affreschi_di_Moregine%2C_primo_triclinio_%2C_IV_stile%2C_epoca_neroniana%2C_le_muse_08_melpomene.jpg/330px-Palestra_grande_di_pompei%2C_affreschi_di_Moregine%2C_primo_triclinio_%2C_IV_stile%2C_epoca_neroniana%2C_le_muse_08_melpomene.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Palestra_grande_di_pompei%2C_affreschi_di_Moregine%2C_primo_triclinio_%2C_IV_stile%2C_epoca_neroniana%2C_le_muse_08_melpomene.jpg/440px-Palestra_grande_di_pompei%2C_affreschi_di_Moregine%2C_primo_triclinio_%2C_IV_stile%2C_epoca_neroniana%2C_le_muse_08_melpomene.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1336" data-file-height="2868" /></a><figcaption>Melpomene on an antique fresco from <a href="/wiki/Pompeii" title="Pompeii">Pompeii</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Depictions of Melpomene may include a <a href="/wiki/Comedy_and_tragedy_masks" title="Comedy and tragedy masks">tragic mask</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buskin" title="Buskin">buskins</a>, lyres, scrolls, and a crown of leaves.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> She may also be shown with a dagger and a cup. Satirist <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Pasquin" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthony Pasquin">Anthony Pasquin</a> described Melpomene as "murder-loving".<sup id="cite_ref-:02_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The iconographer <a href="/wiki/Cesare_Ripa" title="Cesare Ripa">Cesare Ripa</a> described Melpomene in his <i>Iconologia</i>. An English edition describes her as "a gentlewoman all in mourning; she holds a bloody dagger in her right hand; behind her, upon the ground, a garment of cloth of gold, and diverse precious jewels; shod with <i><a href="/wiki/Cothurni" class="mw-redirect" title="Cothurni">cothurni</a></i>". Another describes her as being "of a grave aspect, in a heroic dress, with her head finely attired; she holds a cup in one hand, and a dagger in the other, with a crown and scepter at her feet; she is shod in buskins, which were used by the ancient tragedians. The grave aspect and heroic dress, denote that tragedy is a representation of famous deeds and of history".<sup id="cite_ref-:02_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Invocation_and_use">Invocation and use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Melpomene&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Invocation and use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature">Literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Melpomene&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Greek and Latin poetry since <a href="/wiki/Horace" title="Horace">Horace</a> (d. 8 BC), it was commonly auspicious to invoke Melpomene.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Horace invokes Melpomene in Ode 3.30, when he describes his poetry as a monument as great as any king's tomb. The poet asks Melpomene to crown him with a <a href="/wiki/Laurel_wreath" title="Laurel wreath">laurel wreath</a> and make him a <a href="/wiki/Poet_laureate" title="Poet laureate">poet laureate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Visual_art">Visual art</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Melpomene&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Visual art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The oldest surviving portrait of <a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>, a mosaic dated to the first century, features Virgil between Melpomene and <a href="/wiki/Clio" title="Clio">Clio</a>, the muse of history. Theologian Louis A. Ruprecht interpreted this as a commentary on the similarities of recording history and writing fictional works of tragedy.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2018 excavation of a <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Roman_bathing" title="Ancient Roman bathing">Roman bathhouse</a> in <a href="/wiki/Decapolis" title="Decapolis">Decapolis</a> uncovered six mostly preserved statues of the Muses. The statue of Melpomene was 62 centimeters tall and made of <a href="/wiki/Pentelic_marble" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentelic marble">Pentelic marble</a>. Its head was lost, but it was identifiable by the drama mask lying on its thigh.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The tragic actress <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Siddons" title="Sarah Siddons">Sarah Siddons</a> posed for several paintings depicted as Melpomene in the 1780s and 1790s. The 1784 <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Reynolds" title="Joshua Reynolds">Joshua Reynolds</a> painting <i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Siddons_as_the_Tragic_Muse" title="Sarah Siddons as the Tragic Muse">Sarah Siddons as the Tragic Muse</a></i> is recognized as a high point in the careers of both Siddons and Reynolds.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Science">Science</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Melpomene&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Science"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The minor planet <a href="/wiki/18_Melpomene" title="18 Melpomene">18 Melpomene</a> was named after the muse by the British <a href="/wiki/Astronomer_Royal" title="Astronomer Royal">Astronomer Royal</a> in 1852, <a href="/wiki/George_Biddell_Airy" title="George Biddell Airy">George Biddell Airy</a>. He chose a name representing tragedy because his daughter, Elizabeth, had died on the day it was discovered, which was also the thirteenth anniversary of an earlier son's death.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Melpomene&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muses_in_popular_culture" title="Muses in popular culture">Muses in popular culture</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Nine_Muses" title="The Nine Muses">The Nine Muses</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Melpomene&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFShipley2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Twadell_Shipley" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Twadell Shipley">Shipley, Joseph Twadell</a> (1 July 2001) [1984]. "mei IV". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zCx4r72uVKQC"><i>The Origins of English Words: A Discursive Dictionary of Indo-European Roots</i></a>. Baltimore, Maryland: The Johns Hopkins University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780801896439" title="Special:BookSources/9780801896439"><bdi>9780801896439</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2024</span>. <q><b>mei IV</b>: limb; then musical section; hence song. Gk <i>melos</i>. <i>melodeon</i>, <i>melodious</i>, <i>melody</i>, etc. <i>melisma</i>. <i>dulcimer</i>, <i>melodrama</i>, originally with music. <i>Melpomene</i>: songstress; Muse of tragedy, which in ancient Greece was sung.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=mei+IV&amp;rft.btitle=The+Origins+of+English+Words%3A+A+Discursive+Dictionary+of+Indo-European+Roots&amp;rft.place=Baltimore%2C+Maryland&amp;rft.pub=The+Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2001-07-01&amp;rft.isbn=9780801896439&amp;rft.aulast=Shipley&amp;rft.aufirst=Joseph+Twadell&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzCx4r72uVKQC&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMelpomene" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Compare: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrewer1882" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/E._Cobham_Brewer" title="E. Cobham Brewer">Brewer, Ebenezer Cobham</a> (1882). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0HYCAAAAQAAJ"><i>Etymological and Pronouncing Dictionary of Difficult Words</i></a>. London: Ward, Lock, &amp; Co. p.&#160;645<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2022</span>. <q>melpo, to sing</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Etymological+and+Pronouncing+Dictionary+of+Difficult+Words&amp;rft.place=London&amp;rft.pages=645&amp;rft.pub=Ward%2C+Lock%2C+%26+Co.&amp;rft.date=1882&amp;rft.aulast=Brewer&amp;rft.aufirst=Ebenezer+Cobham&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0HYCAAAAQAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMelpomene" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED-_melpomenish" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?q=melpomenish">"melpomenish"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></i> (Online&#160;ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=melpomenish&amp;rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&amp;rft.edition=Online&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fsearch%2Fdictionary%2F%3Fq%3Dmelpomenish&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMelpomene" class="Z3988"></span>&#32;<span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary">participating institution membership</a> required.)</span> - " &lt; μέλπειν to sing, of unknown origin"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAtsma" class="citation web cs1">Atsma, Aaron J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theoi.com/Ouranios/MousaMelpomene.html">"Melpomene"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Theoi_Project" title="Theoi Project">Theoi Project</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-09-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Theoi+Project&amp;rft.atitle=Melpomene&amp;rft.aulast=Atsma&amp;rft.aufirst=Aaron+J.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theoi.com%2FOuranios%2FMousaMelpomene.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMelpomene" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:02_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcPherson2000" class="citation journal cs1">McPherson, Heather (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/30053950">"Picturing Tragedy: Mrs. Siddons as the Tragic Muse Revisited"</a>. <i>Eighteenth-Century Studies</i>. <b>33</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">401–</span>430. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fecs.2000.0029">10.1353/ecs.2000.0029</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0013-2586">0013-2586</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/30053950">30053950</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Eighteenth-Century+Studies&amp;rft.atitle=Picturing+Tragedy%3A+Mrs.+Siddons+as+the+Tragic+Muse+Revisited&amp;rft.volume=33&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E401-%3C%2Fspan%3E430&amp;rft.date=2000&amp;rft.issn=0013-2586&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F30053950%23id-name%3DJSTOR&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fecs.2000.0029&amp;rft.aulast=McPherson&amp;rft.aufirst=Heather&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F30053950&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMelpomene" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAtsma" class="citation web cs1">Atsma, Aaron J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theoi.com/Pontios/Seirenes.html">"Sirens (Seirenes)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Theoi_Project" title="Theoi Project">Theoi Project</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-09-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Theoi+Project&amp;rft.atitle=Sirens+%28Seirenes%29&amp;rft.aulast=Atsma&amp;rft.aufirst=Aaron+J.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theoi.com%2FPontios%2FSeirenes.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMelpomene" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCoulterTurner2013" class="citation book cs1">Coulter, Charles Russell; Turner, Patricia (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sEIngqiKOugC"><i>Encyclopedia of Ancient Deities</i></a>. Routledge. p.&#160;317. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-96390-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-96390-3"><bdi>978-1-135-96390-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Ancient+Deities&amp;rft.pages=317&amp;rft.pub=Routledge&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-135-96390-3&amp;rft.aulast=Coulter&amp;rft.aufirst=Charles+Russell&amp;rft.au=Turner%2C+Patricia&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsEIngqiKOugC&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMelpomene" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce Merry, <i>Encyclopedia of Modern Greek Literature</i> (Santa Barbara CA: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2004), 269-70. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0313308136" title="Special:BookSources/0313308136">0313308136</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHardie2023" class="citation book cs1">Hardie, Philip Russell (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6LfQEAAAQBAJ"><i>Selected Papers on Ancient Literature and its Reception</i></a>. Walter de Gruyter GmbH &amp; Co KG. p.&#160;616. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-079885-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-079885-2"><bdi>978-3-11-079885-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Selected+Papers+on+Ancient+Literature+and+its+Reception&amp;rft.pages=616&amp;rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter+GmbH+%26+Co+KG&amp;rft.date=2023&amp;rft.isbn=978-3-11-079885-2&amp;rft.aulast=Hardie&amp;rft.aufirst=Philip+Russell&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6LfQEAAAQBAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMelpomene" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRuprecht1997" class="citation journal cs1">Ruprecht, Louis A. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41299101">"Clio and Melpomene: In Defense of the Historical Novel"</a>. <i>Historical Reflections / Réflexions Historiques</i>. <b>23</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">389–</span>390. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0315-7997">0315-7997</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41299101">41299101</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Historical+Reflections+%2F+R%C3%A9flexions+Historiques&amp;rft.atitle=Clio+and+Melpomene%3A+In+Defense+of+the+Historical+Novel&amp;rft.volume=23&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E389-%3C%2Fspan%3E390&amp;rft.date=1997&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41299101%23id-name%3DJSTOR&amp;rft.issn=0315-7997&amp;rft.aulast=Ruprecht&amp;rft.aufirst=Louis+A.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41299101&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMelpomene" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAl-BashairehWeber-Karyotakis2021" class="citation journal cs1">Al-Bashaireh, Khaled; Weber-Karyotakis, Thomas M. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2352409X21000742">"The muses and other statues of the Eastern Roman Baths of Gerasa, Jordan (2018 Campaign): Form and provenance"</a>. <i>Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports</i>. <b>36</b>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021JArSR..36j2862A">2021JArSR..36j2862A</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jasrep.2021.102862">10.1016/j.jasrep.2021.102862</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Archaeological+Science%3A+Reports&amp;rft.atitle=The+muses+and+other+statues+of+the+Eastern+Roman+Baths+of+Gerasa%2C+Jordan+%282018+Campaign%29%3A+Form+and+provenance&amp;rft.volume=36&amp;rft.date=2021&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jasrep.2021.102862&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2021JArSR..36j2862A&amp;rft.aulast=Al-Bashaireh&amp;rft.aufirst=Khaled&amp;rft.au=Weber-Karyotakis%2C+Thomas+M.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS2352409X21000742&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMelpomene" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchmadel2003" class="citation book cs1">Schmadel, Lutz (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7"><i>Dictionary of Minor Planet Names</i></a>. Springer Science &amp; Business Media. p.&#160;17. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-540-29925-7">10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-540-00238-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-540-00238-3"><bdi>978-3-540-00238-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Minor+Planet+Names&amp;rft.pages=17&amp;rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-540-29925-7&amp;rft.isbn=978-3-540-00238-3&amp;rft.aulast=Schmadel&amp;rft.aufirst=Lutz&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Freferencework%2F10.1007%2F978-3-540-29925-7&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMelpomene" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Melpomene&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Tzetzes" title="John Tzetzes">John Tzetzes</a>, <i>Book of Histories,</i> Book I translated by Ana Untila from the original Greek of T. Kiessling's edition of 1826. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theoi.com/Text/TzetzesChiliades1.html">Online version at theio.com</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Melpomene&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Melpomene" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Melpomene">Melpomene</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theoi.com/Ouranios/MousaMelpomene.html">Primary sources and basic information concerning Melpomene</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iconographic.warburg.sas.ac.uk/category/vpc-taxonomy-7254">Warburg Institute Iconographic Database</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Muses37" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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title="Special:EditPage/Template:Muses"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Muses37" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Muses" title="Muses">Muses</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nine Muses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calliope" title="Calliope">Calliope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clio" title="Clio">Clio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euterpe" title="Euterpe">Euterpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erato" title="Erato">Erato</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Melpomene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyhymnia" title="Polyhymnia">Polyhymnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terpsichore" title="Terpsichore">Terpsichore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalia_(Muse)" title="Thalia (Muse)">Thalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urania" title="Urania">Urania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other Muses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aoede" title="Aoede">Aoede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollonis" title="Apollonis">Apollonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arche_(mythology)" title="Arche (mythology)">Arche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borysthenis" title="Borysthenis">Borysthenis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cephisso" title="Cephisso">Cephisso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypate" title="Hypate">Hypate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melete" title="Melete">Melete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mese_(mythology)" title="Mese (mythology)">Mese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mneme" title="Mneme">Mneme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nete_(mythology)" title="Nete (mythology)">Nete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polymatheia" title="Polymatheia">Polymatheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelxino%C3%AB" title="Thelxinoë">Thelxinoë</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne" title="Mnemosyne">Mnemosyne</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mouseion" title="Mouseion">Mouseion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierian_Spring" title="Pierian Spring">Pierian Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muse_(person)" title="Muse (person)">Muse (person)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muses_in_popular_culture" title="Muses in popular culture">Muses in popular culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ancient_Greek_deities198" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cef2e0"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greek_mythology_(deities)" title="Template:Greek mythology (deities)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_mythology_(deities)" title="Template talk:Greek mythology (deities)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_mythology_(deities)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek mythology (deities)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ancient_Greek_deities198" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Ancient <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek</a> deities</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_primordial_deities" title="Greek primordial deities">Primal <br /> elements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aether_(mythology)" title="Aether (mythology)">Aether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaos_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaos (mythology)">Chaos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemera" title="Hemera">Hemera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx">Nyx</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Ourea" title="Ourea">Ourea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontus_(mythology)" title="Pontus (mythology)">Pontus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus_(mythology)" title="Uranus (mythology)">Uranus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Titans" title="Titans">Titans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">The twelve <a href="/wiki/Titans" title="Titans">Titans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coeus" title="Coeus">Coeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crius" title="Crius">Crius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cronus" title="Cronus">Cronus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dione_(Titaness)" title="Dione (Titaness)">Dione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(Titan)" title="Hyperion (Titan)">Hyperion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iapetus" title="Iapetus">Iapetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne" title="Mnemosyne">Mnemosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_(Titaness)" title="Phoebe (Titaness)">Phoebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)" title="Rhea (mythology)">Rhea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tethys_(mythology)" title="Tethys (mythology)">Tethys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theia" title="Theia">Theia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Themis" title="Themis">Themis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Descendants of the Titans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asteria" title="Asteria">Asteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astraeus" title="Astraeus">Astraeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_(mythology)" title="Atlas (mythology)">Atlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epimetheus" title="Epimetheus">Epimetheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leto" title="Leto">Leto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menoetius" title="Menoetius">Menoetius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(Titan)" title="Pallas (Titan)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perses_(son_of_Crius)" title="Perses (son of Crius)">Perses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prometheus" title="Prometheus">Prometheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Olympian <br /> deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Twelve Olympians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hephaestus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hera" title="Hera">Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hestia" title="Hestia">Hestia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Olympian Gods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asclepius" title="Asclepius">Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyo" title="Enyo">Enyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_(mythology)" title="Iris (mythology)">Iris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonia" title="Harmonia">Harmonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebe_(mythology)" title="Hebe (mythology)">Hebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paean_(god)" title="Paean (god)">Paean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_(god)" title="Pan (god)">Pan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Muses" title="Muses">Muses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Daughters of <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calliope" title="Calliope">Calliope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clio" title="Clio">Clio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euterpe" title="Euterpe">Euterpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erato" title="Erato">Erato</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Melpomene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyhymnia" title="Polyhymnia">Polyhymnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terpsichore" title="Terpsichore">Terpsichore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalia_(Muse)" title="Thalia (Muse)">Thalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urania" title="Urania">Urania</a></li></ul></li> <li>Daughters of <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollonis" title="Apollonis">Apollonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borysthenis" title="Borysthenis">Borysthenis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cephisso" title="Cephisso">Cephisso</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeotia" title="Boeotia">Boeotian</a> Muses <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aoede" title="Aoede">Aoide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melete" title="Melete">Melete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mneme" title="Mneme">Mneme</a></li></ul></li> <li>Muses of the <a href="/wiki/Lyre" title="Lyre">Lyre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hypate" title="Hypate">Hypate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mese_(mythology)" title="Mese (mythology)">Mese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nete_(mythology)" title="Nete (mythology)">Nete</a></li></ul></li> <li>Muses at <a href="/wiki/Sicyon" title="Sicyon">Sicyon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polymatheia" title="Polymatheia">Polymatheia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Charites" title="Charites">Charites</a> (Graces)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aglaia_(Grace)" title="Aglaia (Grace)">Aglaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphrosyne" title="Euphrosyne">Euphrosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hegemone" title="Hegemone">Hegemone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasithea" title="Pasithea">Pasithea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalia_(Grace)" title="Thalia (Grace)">Thalia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Horae" title="Horae">Horae</a> (Hours)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dike_(mythology)" title="Dike (mythology)">Dike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eirene_(goddess)" title="Eirene (goddess)">Eirene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunomia" title="Eunomia">Eunomia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Children of <a href="/wiki/Styx" title="Styx">Styx</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bia_(mythology)" title="Bia (mythology)">Bia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kratos_(mythology)" title="Kratos (mythology)">Kratos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nike_(mythology)" title="Nike (mythology)">Nike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zelus" title="Zelus">Zelus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_water_deities" title="Greek water deities">Water <br /> deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Sea deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphitrite" title="Amphitrite">Amphitrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benthesikyme" title="Benthesikyme">Benthesikyme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brizo" title="Brizo">Brizo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calliste_(mythology)" title="Calliste (mythology)">Calliste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calypso_(mythology)" title="Calypso (mythology)">Calypso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceto" title="Ceto">Ceto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurybia_(mythology)" title="Eurybia (mythology)">Eurybia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaucus" title="Glaucus">Glaucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leucothea" title="Leucothea">Leucothea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melicertes" title="Melicertes">Melicertes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereus" title="Nereus">Nereus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerites_(mythology)" title="Nerites (mythology)">Nerites</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Nesoi" title="Nesoi">Nesoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phorcys" title="Phorcys">Phorcys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontus_(mythology)" title="Pontus (mythology)">Pontus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteus" title="Proteus">Proteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodos" title="Rhodos">Rhodos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tethys_(mythology)" title="Tethys (mythology)">Tethys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalassa" title="Thalassa">Thalassa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaumas" title="Thaumas">Thaumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thetis" title="Thetis">Thetis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triton_(mythology)" title="Triton (mythology)">Triton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Oceanids" title="Oceanids">Oceanids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acaste_(Oceanid)" title="Acaste (Oceanid)">Acaste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admete_(Oceanid)" title="Admete (Oceanid)">Admete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_(Oceanid)" title="Asia (Oceanid)">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callirhoe_(Oceanid)" title="Callirhoe (Oceanid)">Callirhoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceto_(Greek_myth)" title="Ceto (Greek myth)">Ceto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clymene_(mother_of_Phaethon)" title="Clymene (mother of Phaethon)">Clymene (consort of Helios)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clymene_(wife_of_Iapetus)" title="Clymene (wife of Iapetus)">Clymene (wife of Iapetus)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clytie_(Oceanid)" title="Clytie (Oceanid)">Clytie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dione_(Titaness)" title="Dione (Titaness)">Dione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodone_(mythology)" title="Dodone (mythology)">Dodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doris_(Oceanid)" title="Doris (Oceanid)">Doris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electra_(Oceanid)" title="Electra (Oceanid)">Electra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurynome_(Oceanid)" title="Eurynome (Oceanid)">Eurynome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idyia" title="Idyia">Idyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melia_(consort_of_Apollo)" title="Melia (consort of Apollo)">Melia (consort of Apollo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melia_(consort_of_Inachus)" title="Melia (consort of Inachus)">Melia (consort of Inachus)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metis_(mythology)" title="Metis (mythology)">Metis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perse_(mythology)" title="Perse (mythology)">Perse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philyra_(Oceanid)" title="Philyra (Oceanid)">Philyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleione_(mythology)" title="Pleione (mythology)">Pleione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plouto_(Oceanid)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plouto (Oceanid)">Plouto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styx" title="Styx">Styx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesto_(mythology)" title="Telesto (mythology)">Telesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theia_(Oceanid)" title="Theia (Oceanid)">Theia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeuxo_(Oceanid)" title="Zeuxo (Oceanid)">Zeuxo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Nereids" title="Nereids">Nereids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amatheia_(mythology)" title="Amatheia (mythology)">Amatheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphithoe_(mythology)" title="Amphithoe (mythology)">Amphithoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphitrite" title="Amphitrite">Amphitrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arethusa_(mythology)" title="Arethusa (mythology)">Arethusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cymatolege_(mythology)" title="Cymatolege (mythology)">Cymatolege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cymo_(mythology)" title="Cymo (mythology)">Cymo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamene" title="Dynamene">Dynamene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acis_and_Galatea" title="Acis and Galatea">Galatea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galene_(mythology)" title="Galene (mythology)">Galene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protomedeia" title="Protomedeia">Protomedeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psamathe_(Nereid)" title="Psamathe (Nereid)">Psamathe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sao_(mythology)" title="Sao (mythology)">Sao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spio" title="Spio">Spio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalia_(Nereid)" title="Thalia (Nereid)">Thalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thetis" title="Thetis">Thetis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/River_gods_(Greek_mythology)" title="River gods (Greek mythology)">River gods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achelous" title="Achelous">Achelous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpheus_(deity)" title="Alpheus (deity)">Alpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anapus" title="Anapus">Anapus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asopus" title="Asopus">Asopus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asterion_(god)" title="Asterion (god)">Asterion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axius_(mythology)" title="Axius (mythology)">Axius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caanthus" title="Caanthus">Caanthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebren" title="Cebren">Cebren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cephissus_(mythology)" title="Cephissus (mythology)">Cephissus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enipeus_(deity)" title="Enipeus (deity)">Enipeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kladeos" title="Kladeos">Kladeos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meander_(mythology)" title="Meander (mythology)">Meander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilus_(mythology)" title="Nilus (mythology)">Nilus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numicus" title="Numicus">Numicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_(river_god)" title="Phyllis (river god)">Phyllis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peneus" title="Peneus">Peneus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangarius_(mythology)" title="Sangarius (mythology)">Sangarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scamander" title="Scamander">Scamander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selemnus_(god)" title="Selemnus (god)">Selemnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simoeis" title="Simoeis">Simoeis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strymon_(mythology)" title="Strymon (mythology)">Strymon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Naiad" title="Naiad">Naiads</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegina_(mythology)" title="Aegina (mythology)">Aegina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achiroe" title="Achiroe">Achiroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aganippe_(naiad)" title="Aganippe (naiad)">Aganippe</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Anigrides" title="Anigrides">Anigrides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argyra_(mythology)" title="Argyra (mythology)">Argyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bistonis" title="Bistonis">Bistonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolbe" title="Bolbe">Bolbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caliadne" title="Caliadne">Caliadne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassotis" title="Cassotis">Cassotis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castalia" title="Castalia">Castalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleocharia" title="Cleocharia">Cleocharia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creusa_(Naiad)" title="Creusa (Naiad)">Creusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daphne" title="Daphne">Daphne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drosera_(naiad)" title="Drosera (naiad)">Drosera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpina" title="Harpina">Harpina</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Ionides" title="Ionides">Ionides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismenis" title="Ismenis">Ismenis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larunda" title="Larunda">Larunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilaea" title="Lilaea">Lilaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liriope_(nymph)" title="Liriope (nymph)">Liriope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melite_(naiad)" title="Melite (naiad)">Melite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metope_(mythology)" title="Metope (mythology)">Metope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minthe" title="Minthe">Minthe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moria_(nymph)" title="Moria (nymph)">Moria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nana_(Greek_mythology)" title="Nana (Greek mythology)">Nana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaea_(mythology)" title="Nicaea (mythology)">Nicaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orseis" title="Orseis">Orseis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(daughter_of_Triton)" title="Pallas (daughter of Triton)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirene_(nymph)" title="Pirene (nymph)">Pirene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmacis" title="Salmacis">Salmacis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stilbe" title="Stilbe">Stilbe</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Thriae" title="Thriae">Thriae</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corycia" title="Corycia">Corycia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleodora_(nymph)" title="Cleodora (nymph)">Cleodora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melaina" title="Melaina">Melaina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiasa" title="Tiasa">Tiasa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Personifications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Children of <a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algos" class="mw-redirect" title="Algos">Algos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphillogiai" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphillogiai">Amphillogiai</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Androktasiai" title="Androktasiai">Androktasiai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/At%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Atë">Atë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dysnomia_(deity)" title="Dysnomia (deity)">Dysnomia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horkos" title="Horkos">Horkos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hysminai" title="Hysminai">Hysminai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lethe_(daughter_of_Eris)" title="Lethe (daughter of Eris)">Lethe</a></li> <li>Logoi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limos" title="Limos">Limos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machai" title="Machai">Machai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neikea" class="mw-redirect" title="Neikea">Neikea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonoi" title="Phonoi">Phonoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponos" title="Ponos">Ponos</a></li> <li>Pseudea</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Children of <a href="/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx">Nyx</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apate" title="Apate">Apate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geras" title="Geras">Geras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesperides" title="Hesperides">Hesperides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Keres" title="Keres">Keres</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Moirai" title="Moirai">Moirai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atropos" title="Atropos">Atropos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clotho" title="Clotho">Clotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lachesis" title="Lachesis">Lachesis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momus" title="Momus">Momus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moros" title="Moros">Moros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemesis" title="Nemesis">Nemesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oizys" title="Oizys">Oizys</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Oneiros" title="Oneiros">Oneiroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philotes" title="Philotes">Philotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanatos" title="Thanatos">Thanatos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achlys" title="Achlys">Achlys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adephagia" title="Adephagia">Adephagia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aergia" title="Aergia">Aergia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aidos" title="Aidos">Aidos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aion_(deity)" title="Aion (deity)">Aion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alala" title="Alala">Alala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alastor" title="Alastor">Alastor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aletheia" title="Aletheia">Aletheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alke" title="Alke">Alke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amechania" title="Amechania">Amechania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaideia" title="Anaideia">Anaideia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananke" title="Ananke">Ananke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelia" title="Angelia">Angelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apheleia" title="Apheleia">Apheleia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arete_(mythology)" title="Arete (mythology)">Arete</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Arae" title="Arae">Arae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astraea" title="Astraea">Astraea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caerus" title="Caerus">Caerus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronos" title="Chronos">Chronos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysus" title="Chrysus">Chrysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corus_(mythology)" title="Corus (mythology)">Corus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deimos_(deity)" title="Deimos (deity)">Deimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dike_(mythology)" title="Dike (mythology)">Dikaiosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyssebeia" title="Dyssebeia">Dyssebeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eiresione" title="Eiresione">Eiresione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekecheiria" title="Ekecheiria">Ekecheiria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eulabeia_(mythology)" title="Eulabeia (mythology)">Eulabeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eupraxia_(mythology)" title="Eupraxia (mythology)">Eupraxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusebeia" title="Eusebeia">Eusebeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ersa" title="Ersa">Ersa</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Erotes" title="Erotes">Erotes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anteros" title="Anteros">Anteros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedylogos" title="Hedylogos">Hedylogos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermaphroditus" title="Hermaphroditus">Hermaphroditus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymen_(god)" title="Hymen (god)">Hymen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotes#Pothos" title="Erotes">Pothos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gelos_(mythology)" title="Gelos (mythology)">Gelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedone" title="Hedone">Hedone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimarmene" title="Heimarmene">Heimarmene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homados" title="Homados">Homados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homonoia_(mythology)" title="Homonoia (mythology)">Homonoia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horme" title="Horme">Horme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iacchus" title="Iacchus">Iacchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioke_(mythology)" title="Ioke (mythology)">Ioke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakia" title="Kakia">Kakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koalemos" title="Koalemos">Koalemos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kydoimos" title="Kydoimos">Kydoimos</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Litae" title="Litae">Litae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyssa" title="Lyssa">Lyssa</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Maniae" title="Maniae">Maniae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methe" title="Methe">Methe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomos_(mythology)" title="Nomos (mythology)">Nomos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palioxis" title="Palioxis">Palioxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peitharchia" title="Peitharchia">Peitharchia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peitho" title="Peitho">Peitho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penia" title="Penia">Penia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penthus" title="Penthus">Penthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepromene" title="Pepromene">Pepromene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pheme" title="Pheme">Pheme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phobos_(mythology)" title="Phobos (mythology)">Phobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrike" title="Phrike">Phrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phthonus" title="Phthonus">Phthonus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poena" title="Poena">Poine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polemos" title="Polemos">Polemos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porus_(mythology)" title="Porus (mythology)">Poros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praxidice" title="Praxidice">Praxidice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proioxis" title="Proioxis">Proioxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophasis" title="Prophasis">Prophasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soter_(daimon)" title="Soter (daimon)">Soter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soteria_(mythology)" title="Soteria (mythology)">Soteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrasos" title="Thrasos">Thrasos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyche" title="Tyche">Tyche</a></li> <li>The Younger <a href="/wiki/Charites" title="Charites">Charites</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eucleia" title="Eucleia">Eucleia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eupheme_(deity)" title="Eupheme (deity)">Eupheme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euthenia" title="Euthenia">Euthenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philophrosyne" title="Philophrosyne">Philophrosyne</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Other deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Sky</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Anemoi" title="Anemoi">Anemoi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boreas" title="Boreas">Boreas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurus" title="Eurus">Eurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notus" title="Notus">Notus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephyrus" title="Zephyrus">Zephyrus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesperus" title="Hesperus">Hesperus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus_(morning_star)" title="Phosphorus (morning star)">Phosphorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phaethon" title="Phaethon">Phaethon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrape_and_Bronte" title="Astrape and Bronte">Astrape and Bronte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aura_(mythology)" title="Aura (mythology)">Aura</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Hesperides" title="Hesperides">Hesperides</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Hyades_(mythology)" title="Hyades (mythology)">Hyades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nephele" title="Nephele">Nephele</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Pleiades_(Greek_mythology)" title="Pleiades (Greek mythology)">Pleiades</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcyone_(Pleiad)" title="Alcyone (Pleiad)">Alcyone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterope_(Pleiad)" title="Sterope (Pleiad)">Sterope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celaeno" title="Celaeno">Celaeno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electra_(Pleiad)" title="Electra (Pleiad)">Electra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maia" title="Maia">Maia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merope_(Pleiad)" title="Merope (Pleiad)">Merope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taygete" title="Taygete">Taygete</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirius_(mythology)" title="Sirius (mythology)">Sirius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tritopatores" title="Tritopatores">Tritopatores</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Agriculture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphaea" class="mw-redirect" title="Aphaea">Aphaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Despoina" title="Despoina">Despoina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunostus" title="Eunostus">Eunostus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opora_(mythology)" title="Opora (mythology)">Opora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philomelus" title="Philomelus">Philomelus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plutus" title="Plutus">Plutus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Health</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asclepius" title="Asclepius">Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aceso" title="Aceso">Aceso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epione" title="Epione">Epione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iaso" title="Iaso">Iaso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hygieia" title="Hygieia">Hygieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paean_(god)" title="Paean (god)">Paean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panacea" title="Panacea">Panacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesphorus_(mythology)" title="Telesphorus (mythology)">Telesphorus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Rustic <br />deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aetna_(nymph)" title="Aetna (nymph)">Aetna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agdistis" title="Agdistis">Agdistis</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Alseid" title="Alseid">Alseids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphictyonis" title="Amphictyonis">Amphictyonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristaeus" title="Aristaeus">Aristaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attis" title="Attis">Attis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britomartis" title="Britomartis">Britomartis</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Cabeiri" title="Cabeiri">Cabeiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comus" title="Comus">Comus</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Dryad" title="Dryad">Dryades</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erato_(dryad)" title="Erato (dryad)">Erato</a></li></ul></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Hamadryad" title="Hamadryad">Hamadryades</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysopeleia" title="Chrysopeleia">Chrysopeleia</a></li></ul></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Epimelides" title="Epimelides">Epimelides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecaterus" title="Hecaterus">Hecaterus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leuce_(mythology)" title="Leuce (mythology)">Leuce</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Maenad" title="Maenad">Maenades</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Meliae" title="Meliae">Meliae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperborean_maidens" title="Hyperborean maidens">Hyperborean maidens</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Oread" title="Oread">Oreads</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Echo_(mythology)" title="Echo (mythology)">Echo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priapus" title="Priapus">Priapus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhapso" title="Rhapso">Rhapso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silenus" title="Silenus">Silenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telete" title="Telete">Telete</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexiares_and_Anicetus" title="Alexiares and Anicetus">Alexiares and Anicetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aphroditus" title="Aphroditus">Aphroditus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arke" title="Arke">Arke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auxesia_(Greek_mythology)" title="Auxesia (Greek mythology)">Auxesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enodia" title="Enodia">Enodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyalius" title="Enyalius">Enyalius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palaestra_(mythology)" title="Palaestra (mythology)">Palaestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasipha%C3%AB" title="Pasiphaë">Pasiphaë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phanes" title="Phanes">Phanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosipolis_(god)" title="Sosipolis (god)">Sosipolis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103992#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata954" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103992#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata954" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103992#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/293152742897627730968">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/316444029">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/124538517">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb150683167">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb150683167">BnF data</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/124538517">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/240624424">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8669bc5c8‐8z889 Cached time: 20250318154938 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.938 seconds Real time usage: 1.168 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2584/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 121431/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2272/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 16/100 Expensive parser function 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