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"https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F87602775%2FTrace_Spectrophotometric_Determination_of_Dichlorvos_using_Diphenyl_Semicarbazide_DPC_in_Environmental_and_Agricultural_Samples%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":91767002,"identifier":"Attachment_91767002","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":87602775,"created_at":"2022-09-30T00:37:11.865-07:00","from_world_paper_id":216288744,"updated_at":"2024-11-26T23:21:04.332-08:00","_data":{"publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","grobid_abstract":"A new and highly sensitive spectrophotometric method is developed for the determination of sub ppm levels of the widely used organophosphorus insecticide dichlorvos. The method is based on alkaline hydrolysis of dichlorvos to dichloroacetaldehyde followed by coupling with diphenyl semicarbazide (DPC) in alkaline medium. The absorption maxima of the wine red dye compound formed is measured at 490 nm. Beer's law is obeyed over the concentration range of 4.3 to 34 mg in a final solution volume of 25 mL (0.18-1.36 ppm). The molar absorptivity, Sandell's sensitivity and correlation coefficient were found to be 2.9´10 5 l mole-1 cm-1 , 0.013 mg cm-2 and 0.9999, respectively. The standard deviation and relative standard deviation were found to be ± 0.007 and 1.90%, respectively. The lower limit of detection is 0.04 mg. The method is simple, sensitive and free from interferences of other pesticides and diverse ions. Other organophosphorous pesticides do not interfere with the proposed method. The method has been satisfactorily applied to the determination of dichlorvos in environmental and agricultural samples.","publication_date":"2007,,","publication_name":"Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"91767002"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Trace Spectrophotometric Determination of Dichlorvos using Diphenyl Semicarbazide (DPC) in Environmental and Agricultural Samples","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true,"seo_quality":null}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [215226724]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":91767002,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Trace Spectrophotometric Determination of Dichlorvos using Diphenyl Semicarbazide (DPC) in Environmental and Agricultural Samples”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/91767002/mini_magick20220930-1-g4gr4u.png?1664523537" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Trace Spectrophotometric Determination of Dichlorvos using Diphenyl Semicarbazide (DPC) in Environmental and Agricultural Samples</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="215226724" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EteshJanghel"><img alt="Profile image of Etesh Janghel" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/215226724/73815057/62302257/s65_etesh.janghel.png" />Etesh Janghel</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2007, Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">6 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 87602775; 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The method is based on alkaline hydrolysis of dichlorvos to dichloroacetaldehyde followed by coupling with diphenyl semicarbazide (DPC) in alkaline medium. The absorption maxima of the wine red dye compound formed is measured at 490 nm. Beer's law is obeyed over the concentration range of 4.3 to 34 mg in a final solution volume of 25 mL (0.18-1.36 ppm). The molar absorptivity, Sandell's sensitivity and correlation coefficient were found to be 2.9´10 5 l mole-1 cm-1 , 0.013 mg cm-2 and 0.9999, respectively. The standard deviation and relative standard deviation were found to be ± 0.007 and 1.90%, respectively. The lower limit of detection is 0.04 mg. The method is simple, sensitive and free from interferences of other pesticides and diverse ions. Other organophosphorous pesticides do not interfere with the proposed method. The method has been satisfactorily applied to the determination of dichlorvos in environmental and agricultural samples.</p></div></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="87432882" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/87432882/A_simple_sensitive_spectrophotometric_method_for_determination_of_dichlorvos_in_environmental_samples">A simple sensitive spectrophotometric method for determination of dichlorvos in environmental samples</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="49209850" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DrAjaiPillai">Dr. Ajai Pillai</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Indian Journal of Chemical Technology, 2003</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">A sensitive method has been developed for spectrophotometric determination of an organophosphorous pesticide dichlorvos, also known as 2,2 dichlorovinyl methyl phosphate or dichlorophos. The method is based on hydrolysis of dichlorvos by sodium hydroxide to produce dichloroacetaldehyde, which on coupling with phloroglucinol in alkaline medium, gives orange colour. The orange dye shows absorption maxima at 475 nm and obeys Beer's law in the range of 10-lOO~g/25 mL (0.4 to 4 ppm) of solution. The molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity were found to be 4.53 x 10 4 1 mor 1 em•• and 0.0048 ~g cm• 2 respectively. The method has been successfully applied for the determination of dichlorvos in water, agricultural soil and vegetables.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A simple sensitive spectrophotometric method for determination of dichlorvos in environmental samples","attachmentId":91641055,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87432882/A_simple_sensitive_spectrophotometric_method_for_determination_of_dichlorvos_in_environmental_samples","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/87432882/A_simple_sensitive_spectrophotometric_method_for_determination_of_dichlorvos_in_environmental_samples"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="81878222" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81878222/Spectrophotometric_and_TLC_detection_reagent_for_the_insecticides_dichlorvos_DDVP_and_diptrex_Trichlorfon_and_their_metabolites_in_biological_tissues">Spectrophotometric and TLC detection reagent for the insecticides dichlorvos (DDVP) and diptrex (Trichlorfon), and their metabolites, in biological tissues</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="35166481" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RajendraMavle">Rajendra Mavle</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">JPC - Journal of Planar Chromatography - Modern TLC, 2007</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">A new reagent has been developed for spectrophotometric quantification and thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) detection of the insecticides dichlorvos (DDVP) and diptrex (Trichlorfon), after extraction from biological tissues, blood, and commercial formulations. The reagent is prepared from strong alkali, for example 10% sodium hydroxide, and 0.5% aqueous sodium sulfide solution. The color system obeys the Beer-Lambert law at λ λ = 401 nm in the concentration range 2-100 μg mL-1. TLC plates coated with a 0.25-mm layer of silica gel G were loaded with microgram quantities of dichlorvos and diptrex standards (from solution) and ethereal extracts of biological samples, for example stomach-intestine, liver-spleen-kidney, and blood. The plate was developed with hexane-acetone, 8 + 2, as mobile phase, dried in air, and sprayed with the reagent. Red spots of dichlorvos and diptrex were obtained at R F 0.26 and 0.42 respectively. The sensitivity of the reagent is ~20 μg for both dichlorvos and diptrex. The reagent is based on the well-known 'Ogston Reaction' in which dichloroacetaldehyde produced by alkaline hydrolysis of dichlorvos and diptrex reacts with sodium sulfide giving yellow spots which turn wine red after some time. Dichloroacetaldehyde is reported to be the major metabolite of dichlorvos and diptrex. Other carbamate, organophosphorus, organochlorine, and synthetic pyrethroid insecticides and other components of biological tissue extracts do not interface with the reagent.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Spectrophotometric and TLC detection reagent for the insecticides dichlorvos (DDVP) and diptrex (Trichlorfon), and their metabolites, in biological tissues","attachmentId":87768464,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/81878222/Spectrophotometric_and_TLC_detection_reagent_for_the_insecticides_dichlorvos_DDVP_and_diptrex_Trichlorfon_and_their_metabolites_in_biological_tissues","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/81878222/Spectrophotometric_and_TLC_detection_reagent_for_the_insecticides_dichlorvos_DDVP_and_diptrex_Trichlorfon_and_their_metabolites_in_biological_tissues"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="9668442" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9668442/Sensitive_spectrophotometric_methods_for_determination_of_some_organophosphorus_pesticides_in_vegetable_samples">Sensitive spectrophotometric methods for determination of some organophosphorus pesticides in vegetable samples</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="23105863" href="https://uqu.academia.edu/AymanGouda">Ayman Gouda</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Chemical Industry & Chemical Engineering Quarterly, 2010</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Three rapid, simple, reproducible and sensitive spectrophotometric methods (A, B and C) are described for the determination of two organophosphorus pesticides, (malathion and dimethoate) in formulations and vegetable samples. The methods A and B involve the addition of an excess of Ce 4+ into sulphuric acid medium and the determination of the unreacted oxidant by decreasing the red color of chromotrope 2R (C2R) at a suitable λ max = 528 nm for method A, or a decrease in the orange pink color of rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) at a suitable λ max = = 525 nm. The method C is based on the oxidation of malathion or dimethoate with the slight excess of N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and the determination of unreacted oxidant by reacting it with amaranth dye (AM) in hydrochloric acid medium at a suitable λ max = 520 nm. A regression analysis of Beer-Lambert plots showed a good correlation in the concentration range of 0.1-4.2 μg mL −1 . The apparent molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, the detection and quantification limits were calculated. For more accurate analysis, Ringbom optimum concentration ranges are 0.25-4.0 μg mL −1 . The developed methods were successfully applied to the determination of malathion, and dimethoate in their formulations and environmental vegetable samples.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Sensitive spectrophotometric methods for determination of some organophosphorus pesticides in vegetable samples","attachmentId":47682446,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/9668442/Sensitive_spectrophotometric_methods_for_determination_of_some_organophosphorus_pesticides_in_vegetable_samples","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/9668442/Sensitive_spectrophotometric_methods_for_determination_of_some_organophosphorus_pesticides_in_vegetable_samples"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="78433933" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/78433933/Photochemically_Induced_Fluorescence_Properties_of_Two_Benzoyl_and_Phenylurea_Pesticides_and_Determination_in_Natural_Waters">Photochemically-Induced Fluorescence Properties of Two Benzoyl- and Phenylurea Pesticides and Determination in Natural Waters</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="220235519" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AtanasseCOLY">Atanasse COLY</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Fluorescence, 2014</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">A photo-induced fluorescence (PIF) method was developed for the determination of two benzoyl-and phenylurea pesticides, namely diflubenzuron (DFB) and fenuron (FEN). The photoconversion under UV irradiation of both pesticides into strongly fluorescent photoproducts was performed in several media (methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, pH4 aqueous solution and pH4 water-methanol (30:70, v/v) mixture). PIF parameters were optimized. Analytical figures of merit for the PIF determination of DFB and FEN were satisfactory, with rather wide linear dynamic range (LDR) values of one to two orders of magnitude, relatively low limit of detection (LOD) values of, respectively, 9-24 ng/mL for DFB and 1-28 ng/mL for FEN, and limit of quantification (LOQ) values of, respectively, 30-80 ng/mL for DFB and 4-95 ng/mL for FEN, according to the medium. Relative standard deviation (RSD) values were in the range 1.7-5.6 %. PIF was validated by comparing its analytical performances to those of a standard UV absorption spectrophotometric method. The optimized PIF method was applied to the quantitative analysis of both pesticides in various spiked natural water samples collected in a Senegal agricultural area by the standard addition procedure prior to extraction steps in dichloromethane, with satisfactory mean recovery percentage values (97.0-105.3 for DFB and 98.3-102.8 % for FEN). An interference study of foreign species, including pesticides and inorganic ions, likely to be present in natural waters, was also carried out.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Photochemically-Induced Fluorescence Properties of Two Benzoyl- and Phenylurea Pesticides and Determination in Natural Waters","attachmentId":85483011,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/78433933/Photochemically_Induced_Fluorescence_Properties_of_Two_Benzoyl_and_Phenylurea_Pesticides_and_Determination_in_Natural_Waters","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/78433933/Photochemically_Induced_Fluorescence_Properties_of_Two_Benzoyl_and_Phenylurea_Pesticides_and_Determination_in_Natural_Waters"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="52160291" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/52160291/RP_HPLC_Method_for_Determination_of_Organophosphate_and_Synthetic_Pyrethroids_Insecticides">RP-HPLC Method for Determination of Organophosphate and Synthetic Pyrethroids Insecticides</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="13675631" href="https://independent.academia.edu/aratiningombam">arati ningombam</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2018</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"RP-HPLC Method for Determination of Organophosphate and Synthetic Pyrethroids Insecticides","attachmentId":69553558,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/52160291/RP_HPLC_Method_for_Determination_of_Organophosphate_and_Synthetic_Pyrethroids_Insecticides","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/52160291/RP_HPLC_Method_for_Determination_of_Organophosphate_and_Synthetic_Pyrethroids_Insecticides"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="73011277" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73011277/Organochlorine_pesticides_characterization_by_physico_chemical_method">Organochlorine pesticides characterization by physico-chemical method</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="189880897" href="https://universitateadevest.academia.edu/ASegneanu">Adina Segneanu</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Horticulture, Forestry and Biotechnology, 2010</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">It is known that the use of some synthetic chemicals resulted in the need for solving problems of humanity, but without knowing the consequences or the price that will be paid due to human health or environmental degradation. For this reason, European directives establish pesticides production, storage and handling obligations and conditions. We present a study on the characterization of organochlorine pesticides in fruits and vegetables available on the market, by atomic absorption spectroscopy method and the following physical-chemical methods of analysis: AOX, UV-VIS spectroscopy, GC-MS.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Organochlorine pesticides characterization by physico-chemical method","attachmentId":81703283,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/73011277/Organochlorine_pesticides_characterization_by_physico_chemical_method","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/73011277/Organochlorine_pesticides_characterization_by_physico_chemical_method"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="89420034" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/89420034/Small_scale_method_for_the_determination_of_selected_organochlorine_pesticides_in_soil">Small-scale method for the determination of selected organochlorine pesticides in soil</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="217527147" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EMinello">Elizabeth Minello</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 1996</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">A small-scale method was developed for the simultaneous determination of-HCH, heptachlor, aldrin, dicofol, mirex, endosulfan I, endosulfan II and endosulfan sulphate in soil. The extraction and cleanup steps were combined into one step by transferring soil samples to chromatographic columns prepacked with neutral alumina. The pesticides elution was processed with n-hexane : dichloromethane (7 : 3) and the concentrated eluate was analysed using gas-liquid chromatography with electron capture detection. Analyses of the ''in vitro'' fortified samples with the selected pesticides were performed at three different levels. Mean recoveries for aldrin,-HCH and heptachlor, at levels of 2, 10 and 20 ng/g, ranged from 71 to 87%; for dicofol, at levels of 8, 40 and 80 ng/g, ranged from 97 to 103%; for endosulfan I and II, at levels of 5, 25 and 50 ng/g, ranged from 88 to 96%; for mirex, at levels of 6, 30 and 60 ng/g, ranged from 86 to 110%; and for endosulfan sulphate, at levels of 15, 75 and 150 ng/g, ranged from 93 to 104%. The method can be used for rapid determination of these pesticides in soil.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Small-scale method for the determination of selected organochlorine pesticides in soil","attachmentId":93228213,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/89420034/Small_scale_method_for_the_determination_of_selected_organochlorine_pesticides_in_soil","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/89420034/Small_scale_method_for_the_determination_of_selected_organochlorine_pesticides_in_soil"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="64646731" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/64646731/Sensitive_method_for_the_determination_of_organophosphorus_pesticides_in_fruits_and_surface_waters_by_high_performance_liquid_chromatography_with_ultraviolet_">Sensitive method for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in fruits and surface waters by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet …</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="119013628" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ENCARNACI%C3%93NRODR%C3%8DGUEZGONZALO">ENCARNACIÓN RODRÍGUEZ GONZALO</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">… of Chromatography A, 1992</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">A sensitive method for the high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of five organophosphorus pesticides (paraoxon, methyl-parathion, ethyl-parathion, guthion and fenitrothion) in fruits and tap and river water samples is described. For the determination of pesticides in fruits a simple and rapid sample preparation procedure was developed that allowed pesticides to be determined at 50-100 pg/kg levels with recoveries ranging from 83 to 118% and relative standard deviations below 6%. The determination of pesticide residues in surface water samples was also successfully accomplished. Concentrations at sub-ppb levels can be measured by using a solid-phase concentration step, the recoveries being over 80%. In analyses of both fruits and surface waters, the sensitivity levels achieved were 2-10 times lower than legal limits admitted in the European Economic Community .</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Sensitive method for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in fruits and surface waters by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet …","attachmentId":76585284,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/64646731/Sensitive_method_for_the_determination_of_organophosphorus_pesticides_in_fruits_and_surface_waters_by_high_performance_liquid_chromatography_with_ultraviolet_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/64646731/Sensitive_method_for_the_determination_of_organophosphorus_pesticides_in_fruits_and_surface_waters_by_high_performance_liquid_chromatography_with_ultraviolet_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="3700039" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3700039/Photochemical_spectrofluorimetric_method_for_the_determination_of_benzoylurea_insecticides_applications_in_river_water_samples_and_in_technical_formulations">Photochemical-spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides: applications in river water samples and in technical formulations</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4525798" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FranciscoSalinas">Francisco Salinas</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Talanta, 2001</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation was used to obtain fluorescent photoproducts from four non-fluorescent benzoylurea (BU) insecticides (flufenoxuron (FLF), lufenuron (LUF), hexaflumuron (HF) and triflumuron (TRF)). The effect of solvent, pH (in aqueous solutions), organic solvent percentage and UV irradiation time on the excitation and emission wavelengths and fluorescence intensity were investigated. The largest fluorescence signals and the shortest UV irradiation time were obtained in methanol, ethanol and 2-propanol. Linear calibration graphs were established in the interval between 0.025 and 1.000 μg ml−1 from FLF and TRF and between 0.050 and 1.000 μg ml−1 from LUF and HF with regression coefficients larger than 0.99. A method based on the use of the first-derivative of the spectra of photoproducts was applied to the determination of BU insecticides in river water samples and in technical formulations. The mean recoveries ranged from 95.0% to 110.0% in river water samples and from 92.0% to 101.0% in technical formulations, according to the compound. A preconcentration step, using LLE, allowed to reach the concentration levels established by the EU directive for pesticides in drinking water.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Photochemical-spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides: applications in river water samples and in technical formulations","attachmentId":50173879,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3700039/Photochemical_spectrofluorimetric_method_for_the_determination_of_benzoylurea_insecticides_applications_in_river_water_samples_and_in_technical_formulations","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/3700039/Photochemical_spectrofluorimetric_method_for_the_determination_of_benzoylurea_insecticides_applications_in_river_water_samples_and_in_technical_formulations"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="78433927" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/78433927/Fluorimetric_determination_of_aromatic_pesticides_in_technical_formulations_Effects_of_solvent_and_of_ultraviolet_photolysis">Fluorimetric determination of aromatic pesticides in technical formulations. Effects of solvent and of ultraviolet photolysis</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="220235519" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AtanasseCOLY">Atanasse COLY</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Talanta, 1994</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Fluorimetric determination of aromatic pesticides in technical formulations. Effects of solvent and of ultraviolet photolysis","attachmentId":85483014,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/78433927/Fluorimetric_determination_of_aromatic_pesticides_in_technical_formulations_Effects_of_solvent_and_of_ultraviolet_photolysis","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/78433927/Fluorimetric_determination_of_aromatic_pesticides_in_technical_formulations_Effects_of_solvent_and_of_ultraviolet_photolysis"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":91767002,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":91767002,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_91767002" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="98758481" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/98758481/Sensitive_method_for_the_determination_of_organophosphorus_pesticides_in_fruits_and_surface_waters_by_high_performance_liquid_chromatography_with_ultraviolet_detection">Sensitive method for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in fruits and surface waters by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" 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class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/98758481/Sensitive_method_for_the_determination_of_organophosphorus_pesticides_in_fruits_and_surface_waters_by_high_performance_liquid_chromatography_with_ultraviolet_detection"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="113469019" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/113469019/Determination_of_organochlorine_pesticides_in_agricultural_soils_applyng_Quechers_C_ECD_and_GC_MS_MS">Determination of organochlorine pesticides in agricultural soils applyng 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