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Xan Brooks | The Guardian

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'true' : 'false'); veggieBurger.setAttribute( 'data-link-name', isOpen ? 'header : veggie-burger : hide' : 'header : veggie-burger : show', ); expandedMenuClickableTags.forEach((tag) => { tag.setAttribute('tabindex', isOpen ? '0' : '-1'); }); }; /** Toggles the navigation menu by simulating a click on the checkbox. */ const toggleMainMenu = () => { if (navInputCheckbox) { navInputCheckbox.click(); } }; /** * Handles keydown events to toggle the menu when the Enter or Space key is pressed. */ const keydownToggleMainMenu = (e) => { if (e.key === 'Enter' || e.key === ' ') { e.preventDefault(); toggleMainMenu(); } }; /** * Handles click events to manage the state of the navigation menu. * * - Toggles the menu open/close state when the menu button (veggieBurger) is clicked. */ const handleMenuClick = (e) => { const menuButtonClicked = navInputCheckbox === e.target; const clickInsideMenu = expandedMenu.contains(e.target); const menuIsOpen = navInputCheckbox.checked if (menuButtonClicked && !menuIsOpen) { document.body.classList.toggle('nav-is-open') firstColLabel.setAttribute('aria-expanded', 'false') veggieBurger.setAttribute('data-link-name','header : veggie-burger : show') expandedMenuClickableTags.forEach(function($selectableElement){ $selectableElement.setAttribute('tabindex','-1') }) } else if (menuButtonClicked && menuIsOpen) { document.body.classList.toggle('nav-is-open') firstColLabel.setAttribute('aria-expanded', 'true') veggieBurger.setAttribute('data-link-name','header : veggie-burger : hide') expandedMenuClickableTags.forEach(function($selectableElement){ $selectableElement.setAttribute('tabindex','0') }) focusOnFirstNavElement() } }; /** Adds event listeners to manage the navigation menu. */ if (navInputCheckbox) { navInputCheckbox.addEventListener('click', handleMenuClick); veggieBurger.addEventListener('keydown', keydownToggleMainMenu); document.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => { if (e.key === 'Escape' && navInputCheckbox.checked) { toggleMainMenu(); veggieBurger.focus(); } }); /** * Handles mouse down events to manage the state of the navigation menu. * * - Closes the menu if the click occurs outside both the menu button and the expanded 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class="dcr-1n21o7c"><div class="dcr-1e51nvv"></div><div class="dcr-ptvyla"><h2 class="dcr-1ln6kec">Xan Brooks</h2></div><div class="dcr-15wb3nc"><picture><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/uploads/2017/10/09/Xan-Brooks.jpg?width=100&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=none" media="(min-width: 980px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 980px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/uploads/2017/10/09/Xan-Brooks.jpg?width=100&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=none" media="(min-width: 980px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/uploads/2017/10/09/Xan-Brooks.jpg?width=80&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/uploads/2017/10/09/Xan-Brooks.jpg?width=80&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/uploads/2017/10/09/Xan-Brooks.jpg?width=100&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=none" class="dcr-sup1nd"/></picture></div><div class="dcr-175nrby"><p>Xan Brooks is a freelance writer and broadcaster specialising in cinema</p></div></section><section id="march-2025" data-link-name="container-0 | march-2025" data-component="march-2025" style="background-color:var(--front-container-background);" class="dcr-dqlcr0"><div class="dcr-1tbbfjt"></div><div class="dcr-jphuvb"><div class="dcr-l9k7rx"><div class="dcr-1atljbz"><h2 style="color:var(--article-section-title);" class="dcr-15821ah">March 2025</h2></div></div></div><div id="container-march-2025" class="dcr-ufnmjy"><ul class="dcr-pnnc7v"><li class="dcr-nd7plm"><div data-format-theme="3" data-format-design="15" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-1dmhtqv"><div class="dcr-5rptw1"><a href="/film/2025/mar/14/musicals-can-be-quite-sinister-tilda-swinton-and-joshua-oppenheimer-on-bonkers-bunker-singalong-the-end" 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srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/ab1a31c59abe9643bb66c6e404b9a415b5c40ea2/2247_555_3993_2396/master/3993.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 740px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/ab1a31c59abe9643bb66c6e404b9a415b5c40ea2/2247_555_3993_2396/master/3993.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/ab1a31c59abe9643bb66c6e404b9a415b5c40ea2/2247_555_3993_2396/master/3993.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/ab1a31c59abe9643bb66c6e404b9a415b5c40ea2/2247_555_3993_2396/master/3993.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="Tilda Swinton in a red gown standing in front of a mirror, with Joshua Oppenheimer reflected in it" src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/ab1a31c59abe9643bb66c6e404b9a415b5c40ea2/2247_555_3993_2396/master/3993.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" loading="eager" data-chromatic="ignore" class="dcr-l300o4"/></picture><div class="dcr-1lbpkkf"><div class="image-overlay"></div></div></div><div class="dcr-1jxn8cz"><div class="dcr-vy6xhd"><div class="dcr-147a5s0"><h3 class="card-headline dcr-4ec2a0"><span class="show-underline dcr-uyefka">‘Musicals can be quite sinister’: Tilda Swinton and Joshua Oppenheimer on bonkers bunker singalong The End</span></h3></div><span class="dcr-n4pnam"><div class="dcr-oi4shr"><div>Inspired by a Russian tycoon’s survival bunker, the pair’s post-apocalyptic tale takes in environmental collapse, our facades and delusions – and big ol’ show tunes</div></div></span><footer class="dcr-vfsw4m"><span class="dcr-8fifzy"><time dateTime="2025-03-14T05:00:18.000Z" data-locale="en-gb" title="Friday 14 March 2025 at 05:00 Greenwich Mean Time">14 Mar 2025 05.00 GMT</time></span></footer></div><div></div></div></div><div style="padding:0px;" class="dcr-0"></div></div></div></li><li class="dcr-63h33d"><div data-format-theme="3" data-format-design="5" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-vw5mjg"><div class="dcr-5rptw1"><a href="/books/2025/mar/12/once-the-deed-is-done-by-rachel-seiffert-review-mystery-in-the-aftermath-of-the-third-reich" data-link-name="review | group-0 | card-@2" aria-label="Once the Deed Is Done by Rachel Seiffert review – mystery in the aftermath of the Third Reich" class="dcr-2yd10d"></a><div style="background-color:var(--card-background);row-gap:8px;" class="dcr-cprbyc"><div class="dcr-1y4wqkl"><picture data-size="medium" class="dcr-kunqwb"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/75aa2ffff8abc5343e21d45b07a8131fd3da992d/0_288_5760_3456/master/5760.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 980px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/75aa2ffff8abc5343e21d45b07a8131fd3da992d/0_288_5760_3456/master/5760.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/75aa2ffff8abc5343e21d45b07a8131fd3da992d/0_288_5760_3456/master/5760.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 740px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/75aa2ffff8abc5343e21d45b07a8131fd3da992d/0_288_5760_3456/master/5760.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/75aa2ffff8abc5343e21d45b07a8131fd3da992d/0_288_5760_3456/master/5760.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/75aa2ffff8abc5343e21d45b07a8131fd3da992d/0_288_5760_3456/master/5760.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="Rachel Seiffert." src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/75aa2ffff8abc5343e21d45b07a8131fd3da992d/0_288_5760_3456/master/5760.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" loading="eager" data-chromatic="ignore" class="dcr-l300o4"/></picture><div class="dcr-1lbpkkf"><div class="image-overlay"></div></div></div><div class="dcr-1jxn8cz"><div class="dcr-vy6xhd"><div class="dcr-147a5s0"><h3 class="card-headline dcr-4ec2a0"><span class="show-underline dcr-uyefka">Once the Deed Is Done by Rachel Seiffert review – mystery in the aftermath of the Third Reich</span></h3></div><span class="dcr-n4pnam"><div class="dcr-oi4shr"><div>This fine novel investigates the fate of displaced people in the hazardous, dirty backwash of the second world war</div></div></span><footer class="dcr-vfsw4m"><span class="dcr-8fifzy"><time dateTime="2025-03-12T09:00:11.000Z" data-locale="en-gb" title="Wednesday 12 March 2025 at 09:00 Greenwich Mean Time">12 Mar 2025 09.00 GMT</time></span></footer></div><div></div></div></div><div style="padding:0px;" class="dcr-0"></div></div></div></li><li class="dcr-99m2ml"><ul class="dcr-1egu867"><li class="dcr-keisnu"><div data-format-theme="3" data-format-design="10" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-vw5mjg"><div class="dcr-5rptw1"><a href="/film/2025/mar/09/animation-oscars-flow-memoir-of-a-snail-wander-to-wonder" data-link-name="feature | group-0 | card-@3" aria-label="Halt Disney! 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best actress – as it happened</span></h3></div><footer class="dcr-vfsw4m"><span class="dcr-8fifzy"><time dateTime="2025-03-03T07:11:27.000Z" data-locale="en-gb" title="Monday 3 March 2025 at 07:11 Greenwich Mean Time">3 Mar 2025 07.11 GMT</time></span></footer></div><div></div></div></div><div style="padding:0px;" class="dcr-0"></div></div></div></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="dcr-1xrkea9"></div></section><span class="dcr-12r3co1"><aside class="ad-slot-container undefined dcr-0"><div id="dfp-ad--top-above-nav--mobile" data-link-name="ad slot top-above-nav" data-name="top-above-nav" data-testid="slot" aria-hidden="true" class="js-ad-slot ad-slot ad-slot--top-above-nav ad-slot--container-inline ad-slot--mobile mobile-only ad-slot--rendered dcr-1marh94"></div></aside></span><section id="february-2025" data-link-name="container-1 | february-2025" data-component="february-2025" style="background-color:var(--front-container-background);" class="dcr-dqlcr0"><div class="dcr-1tbbfjt"></div><div class="dcr-jphuvb"><div class="dcr-l9k7rx"><div class="dcr-1atljbz"><h2 style="color:var(--article-section-title);" class="dcr-15821ah">February 2025</h2></div></div></div><div id="container-february-2025" class="dcr-ufnmjy"><ul class="dcr-pnnc7v"><li class="dcr-tzc0jy"><div data-format-theme="3" data-format-design="15" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-1dmhtqv"><div class="dcr-5rptw1"><a href="/tv-and-radio/2025/feb/07/robert-de-niro-interview-zero-day-president-netflix" data-link-name="feature | group-0 | card-@6" aria-label="‘It’s like doing three movies at once’: Robert De Niro on his thrilling TV debut – as America’s saviour" class="dcr-2yd10d"></a><div style="background-color:var(--card-background);row-gap:8px;" class="dcr-1rb2c6n"><div class="dcr-755y67"><picture data-size="medium" class="dcr-kunqwb"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/677c99377e44982d5caeb645c1044f6022646a27/1220_1169_5464_3277/master/5464.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 980px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/677c99377e44982d5caeb645c1044f6022646a27/1220_1169_5464_3277/master/5464.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/677c99377e44982d5caeb645c1044f6022646a27/1220_1169_5464_3277/master/5464.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 740px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/677c99377e44982d5caeb645c1044f6022646a27/1220_1169_5464_3277/master/5464.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/677c99377e44982d5caeb645c1044f6022646a27/1220_1169_5464_3277/master/5464.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/677c99377e44982d5caeb645c1044f6022646a27/1220_1169_5464_3277/master/5464.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="‘Some people have different values – that’s disturbing to me’ … Robert De Niro." src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/677c99377e44982d5caeb645c1044f6022646a27/1220_1169_5464_3277/master/5464.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" loading="lazy" data-chromatic="ignore" class="dcr-l300o4"/></picture><div class="dcr-1lbpkkf"><div class="image-overlay"></div></div></div><div class="dcr-ew87xm"><div class="dcr-vy6xhd"><div class="dcr-147a5s0"><h3 class="card-headline dcr-1d8jwt1"><span class="show-underline dcr-uyefka">‘It’s like doing three movies at once’: Robert De Niro on his thrilling TV debut – as America’s saviour</span></h3></div><span class="dcr-n4pnam"><div class="dcr-oi4shr"><div>The film legend’s Netflix political conspiracy drama Zero Day is his first major TV gig, and it’s extremely well timed. He talks about his greatest roles – and playing a leader people can actually trust</div></div></span><footer class="dcr-vfsw4m"><span class="dcr-8fifzy"><time dateTime="2025-02-11T17:32:24.000Z" data-locale="en-gb" title="Tuesday 11 February 2025 at 17:32 Greenwich Mean Time">11 Feb 2025 17.32 GMT</time></span></footer></div><div></div></div></div><div style="padding:0px;" class="dcr-0"></div></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="dcr-1xrkea9"></div></section><div class="top-fronts-banner-ad-container dcr-13xs3yn"><aside class="ad-slot-container dcr-sy50x3"><div id="dfp-ad--fronts-banner-1" data-link-name="ad slot fronts-banner-1" data-name="fronts-banner-1" data-testid="slot" aria-hidden="true" class="js-ad-slot ad-slot ad-slot--fronts-banner-1 ad-slot--rendered false dcr-1srdfj"></div></aside></div><section id="january-2025" data-link-name="container-2 | january-2025" data-component="january-2025" style="background-color:var(--front-container-background);" class="dcr-dqlcr0"><div class="dcr-1tbbfjt"></div><div class="dcr-jphuvb"><div class="dcr-l9k7rx"><div class="dcr-1atljbz"><h2 style="color:var(--article-section-title);" class="dcr-15821ah">January 2025</h2></div></div></div><div id="container-january-2025" class="dcr-ufnmjy"><ul class="dcr-pnnc7v"><li class="dcr-tzc0jy"><div data-format-theme="3" data-format-design="10" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-vw5mjg"><div class="dcr-5rptw1"><a href="/film/2025/jan/17/david-lynch-pleasures-perils-smoking" data-link-name="feature | group-0 | card-@7" aria-label="‘A one-way trip to heaven’: cigarettes were David Lynch’s magic wand – and his undoing" class="dcr-2yd10d"></a><div style="background-color:var(--card-background);row-gap:8px;" class="dcr-1rb2c6n"><div class="dcr-755y67"><picture data-size="medium" class="dcr-kunqwb"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/1a87eb08d5b816c30f595601a6461f30286cec2a/0_0_1303_782/master/1303.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 980px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/1a87eb08d5b816c30f595601a6461f30286cec2a/0_0_1303_782/master/1303.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/1a87eb08d5b816c30f595601a6461f30286cec2a/0_0_1303_782/master/1303.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 740px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/1a87eb08d5b816c30f595601a6461f30286cec2a/0_0_1303_782/master/1303.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/1a87eb08d5b816c30f595601a6461f30286cec2a/0_0_1303_782/master/1303.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/1a87eb08d5b816c30f595601a6461f30286cec2a/0_0_1303_782/master/1303.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="FILE - Filmmaker David Lynch poses at his Los Angeles home March 14, 2002. (AP Photo/Chris Weeks, File)" src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/1a87eb08d5b816c30f595601a6461f30286cec2a/0_0_1303_782/master/1303.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" loading="lazy" data-chromatic="ignore" class="dcr-l300o4"/></picture><div class="dcr-1lbpkkf"><div class="image-overlay"></div></div></div><div class="dcr-ew87xm"><div class="dcr-vy6xhd"><div class="dcr-147a5s0"><h3 class="card-headline dcr-1d8jwt1"><span class="show-underline dcr-uyefka">‘A one-way trip to heaven’: cigarettes were David Lynch’s magic wand – and his undoing</span></h3></div><span class="dcr-n4pnam"><div class="dcr-oi4shr"><div>He quit in 2022, but smoking was previously an integral part of the film-maker’s life and art</div></div></span><footer class="dcr-vfsw4m"><span class="dcr-8fifzy"><time dateTime="2025-01-17T11:22:04.000Z" data-locale="en-gb" title="Friday 17 January 2025 at 11:22 Greenwich Mean Time">17 Jan 2025 11.22 GMT</time></span></footer></div><div></div></div></div><div style="padding:0px;" class="dcr-0"></div></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="dcr-1xrkea9"></div></section><span class="dcr-12r3co1"><aside class="ad-slot-container undefined dcr-0"><div id="dfp-ad--inline1--mobile" data-link-name="ad slot inline1" data-name="inline1" data-testid="slot" aria-hidden="true" class="js-ad-slot ad-slot ad-slot--inline1 ad-slot--container-inline ad-slot--mobile mobile-only ad-slot--rendered dcr-1marh94"></div></aside></span><section id="december-2024" data-link-name="container-3 | december-2024" data-component="december-2024" style="background-color:var(--front-container-background);" class="dcr-dqlcr0"><div class="dcr-1tbbfjt"></div><div class="dcr-jphuvb"><div class="dcr-l9k7rx"><div class="dcr-1atljbz"><h2 style="color:var(--article-section-title);" class="dcr-15821ah">December 2024</h2></div></div></div><div id="container-december-2024" class="dcr-ufnmjy"><ul class="dcr-pnnc7v"><li class="dcr-nd7plm"><div data-format-theme="3" data-format-design="15" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-1dmhtqv"><div class="dcr-5rptw1"><a href="/film/2024/dec/21/brutalist-director-brady-corbet-interview" data-link-name="feature | group-0 | card-@8" aria-label="The Brutalist director Brady Corbet: ‘If you’re not daring to suck, you’re not doing much’" class="dcr-2yd10d"></a><div style="background-color:var(--card-background);row-gap:8px;" class="dcr-cprbyc"><div class="dcr-1y4wqkl"><picture data-size="medium" class="dcr-kunqwb"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/cf91dbfc1a713c2ba746c5bde55003dd499b8adb/0_977_3600_2160/master/3600.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 980px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/cf91dbfc1a713c2ba746c5bde55003dd499b8adb/0_977_3600_2160/master/3600.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/cf91dbfc1a713c2ba746c5bde55003dd499b8adb/0_977_3600_2160/master/3600.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 740px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/cf91dbfc1a713c2ba746c5bde55003dd499b8adb/0_977_3600_2160/master/3600.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/cf91dbfc1a713c2ba746c5bde55003dd499b8adb/0_977_3600_2160/master/3600.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/cf91dbfc1a713c2ba746c5bde55003dd499b8adb/0_977_3600_2160/master/3600.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="Brady Corbet photographed in NYC. December 2024" src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/cf91dbfc1a713c2ba746c5bde55003dd499b8adb/0_977_3600_2160/master/3600.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" loading="lazy" data-chromatic="ignore" class="dcr-l300o4"/></picture><div class="dcr-1lbpkkf"><div class="image-overlay"></div></div></div><div class="dcr-1jxn8cz"><div class="dcr-vy6xhd"><div class="dcr-147a5s0"><h3 class="card-headline dcr-4ec2a0"><span class="show-underline dcr-uyefka">The Brutalist director Brady Corbet: ‘If you’re not daring to suck, you’re not doing much’</span></h3></div><span class="dcr-n4pnam"><div class="dcr-oi4shr"><div>The film-maker’s latest is a three and-a-half-hour epic about the building of a modernist masterpiece, and the toll its creation takes on its architect. The film’s making was almost as gruelling. ‘People told me I’d never make another movie’, Corbet says</div></div></span><footer class="dcr-vfsw4m"><span class="dcr-8fifzy"><time dateTime="2024-12-21T11:55:15.000Z" data-locale="en-gb" title="Saturday 21 December 2024 at 11:55 Greenwich Mean Time">21 Dec 2024 11.55 GMT</time></span></footer></div><div></div></div></div><div style="padding:0px;" class="dcr-0"></div></div></div></li><li class="dcr-63h33d"><div data-format-theme="3" data-format-design="10" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-vw5mjg"><div class="dcr-5rptw1"><a href="/film/2024/dec/17/anora-best-movies-2024" data-link-name="feature | group-0 | card-@9" aria-label="Best movies of 2024 in the US: No 4 – Anora" class="dcr-2yd10d"></a><div style="background-color:var(--card-background);row-gap:8px;" class="dcr-cprbyc"><div class="dcr-1y4wqkl"><picture data-size="medium" class="dcr-kunqwb"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/ef157c5c4a9b08aa2d21b664c65b537aa985d3d8/0_100_2250_1350/master/2250.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 980px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/ef157c5c4a9b08aa2d21b664c65b537aa985d3d8/0_100_2250_1350/master/2250.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/ef157c5c4a9b08aa2d21b664c65b537aa985d3d8/0_100_2250_1350/master/2250.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 740px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/ef157c5c4a9b08aa2d21b664c65b537aa985d3d8/0_100_2250_1350/master/2250.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/ef157c5c4a9b08aa2d21b664c65b537aa985d3d8/0_100_2250_1350/master/2250.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/ef157c5c4a9b08aa2d21b664c65b537aa985d3d8/0_100_2250_1350/master/2250.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="film still of a woman smiling as she looks at a man" src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/ef157c5c4a9b08aa2d21b664c65b537aa985d3d8/0_100_2250_1350/master/2250.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" loading="lazy" data-chromatic="ignore" class="dcr-l300o4"/></picture><div class="dcr-1lbpkkf"><div class="image-overlay"></div></div></div><div class="dcr-1jxn8cz"><div class="dcr-vy6xhd"><div class="dcr-147a5s0"><h3 class="card-headline dcr-4ec2a0"><div style="color:var(--card-kicker-text);background-color:transparent;" class="dcr-1cc5b8d">Best movies US 2024</div><span class="show-underline dcr-uyefka">Best movies of 2024 in the US: No 4 – Anora</span></h3></div><span class="dcr-n4pnam"><div class="dcr-oi4shr"><div>The Hollywood romcom is turned on it head in this tale of an exotic dancer and an oligarch’s son who get hitched before the honeymoon turns sour</div></div></span><footer class="dcr-vfsw4m"><span class="dcr-8fifzy"><time dateTime="2024-12-17T12:00:24.000Z" data-locale="en-gb" title="Tuesday 17 December 2024 at 12:00 Greenwich Mean Time">17 Dec 2024 12.00 GMT</time></span><a data-discussion-id="/p/xx5267" data-ignore="global-link-styling" data-link-name="Comment count" href="/film/2024/dec/17/anora-best-movies-2024#comments" class="dcr-2z2e0g"><gu-island name="CardCommentCount" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{&quot;discussionApiUrl&quot;:&quot;https://discussion.theguardian.com/discussion-api&quot;,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;/p/xx5267&quot;}"><div class="dcr-1vtfybo"><div class="dcr-1yci2yw"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M13 0l1 1v7l-1 1H7l-2 3H4V9H2L1 8V1l1-1h11z"></path></svg></div><div class="dcr-1xg7t4s">…</div><div aria-hidden="true" class="dcr-hv8aup">…</div><span class="dcr-194i6pr"> comments</span></div></gu-island></a></footer></div><div></div></div></div><div style="padding:0px;" class="dcr-0"></div></div></div></li><li class="dcr-63h33d"><div data-format-theme="3" data-format-design="10" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-vw5mjg"><div class="dcr-5rptw1"><a href="/film/2024/dec/16/best-films-of-2024-in-the-uk-no-5-anora" data-link-name="feature | group-0 | card-@10" aria-label="Best films of 2024 in the UK: No 5 – Anora" class="dcr-2yd10d"></a><div style="background-color:var(--card-background);row-gap:8px;" class="dcr-cprbyc"><div class="dcr-1y4wqkl"><picture data-size="medium" class="dcr-kunqwb"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/d91f5d52494185d63eaa635599ca91d04460e345/323_254_4388_2633/master/4388.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 980px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/d91f5d52494185d63eaa635599ca91d04460e345/323_254_4388_2633/master/4388.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/d91f5d52494185d63eaa635599ca91d04460e345/323_254_4388_2633/master/4388.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 740px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/d91f5d52494185d63eaa635599ca91d04460e345/323_254_4388_2633/master/4388.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/d91f5d52494185d63eaa635599ca91d04460e345/323_254_4388_2633/master/4388.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/d91f5d52494185d63eaa635599ca91d04460e345/323_254_4388_2633/master/4388.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="To have and to hold … Mark Eidelstein (left) and Mikey Madison in Anora." src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/d91f5d52494185d63eaa635599ca91d04460e345/323_254_4388_2633/master/4388.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" loading="lazy" data-chromatic="ignore" class="dcr-l300o4"/></picture><div class="dcr-1lbpkkf"><div class="image-overlay"></div></div></div><div class="dcr-1jxn8cz"><div class="dcr-vy6xhd"><div class="dcr-147a5s0"><h3 class="card-headline dcr-4ec2a0"><div style="color:var(--card-kicker-text);background-color:transparent;" class="dcr-1cc5b8d">Best films UK 2024</div><span class="show-underline dcr-uyefka">Best films of 2024 in the UK: No 5 – Anora</span></h3></div><span class="dcr-n4pnam"><div class="dcr-oi4shr"><div>The Hollywood romcom is turned on its head in this tale of an exotic dancer and an oligarch’s son who get hitched before the honeymoon turns sour</div></div></span><footer class="dcr-vfsw4m"><span class="dcr-8fifzy"><time dateTime="2024-12-16T08:00:09.000Z" data-locale="en-gb" title="Monday 16 December 2024 at 08:00 Greenwich Mean Time">16 Dec 2024 08.00 GMT</time></span><a data-discussion-id="/p/xx4zg5" data-ignore="global-link-styling" data-link-name="Comment count" href="/film/2024/dec/16/best-films-of-2024-in-the-uk-no-5-anora#comments" class="dcr-2z2e0g"><gu-island name="CardCommentCount" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{&quot;discussionApiUrl&quot;:&quot;https://discussion.theguardian.com/discussion-api&quot;,&quot;discussionId&quot;:&quot;/p/xx4zg5&quot;}"><div class="dcr-1vtfybo"><div class="dcr-1yci2yw"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M13 0l1 1v7l-1 1H7l-2 3H4V9H2L1 8V1l1-1h11z"></path></svg></div><div class="dcr-1xg7t4s">…</div><div aria-hidden="true" class="dcr-hv8aup">…</div><span class="dcr-194i6pr"> comments</span></div></gu-island></a></footer></div><div></div></div></div><div style="padding:0px;" class="dcr-0"></div></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="dcr-1xrkea9"></div></section><section id="27-november-2024" data-link-name="container-4 | 27-november-2024" data-component="27-november-2024" style="background-color:var(--front-container-background);" class="dcr-dqlcr0"><div class="dcr-1tbbfjt"></div><div class="dcr-jphuvb"><div class="dcr-l9k7rx"><div class="dcr-1atljbz"><a href="/profile/xanbrooks/2024/nov/27/all" data-link-name="section heading" class="dcr-1g8nl1f"><h2 style="color:var(--article-section-title);" class="dcr-k8vtvd">27 November 2024</h2></a></div></div></div><div id="container-27-november-2024" class="dcr-ufnmjy"><ul class="dcr-pnnc7v"><li class="dcr-tzc0jy"><div data-format-theme="3" data-format-design="10" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-vw5mjg"><div class="dcr-5rptw1"><a href="/film/2024/nov/27/humphrey-bogart-stephen-lauren-bacall-bogie-hollywood" data-link-name="feature | group-0 | card-@11" aria-label="‘Kids were second to their drinking and partying’: Stephen Bogart, son of Bogie and Bacall, on his screen icon parents" class="dcr-2yd10d"></a><div style="background-color:var(--card-background);row-gap:8px;" class="dcr-1rb2c6n"><div class="dcr-755y67"><picture data-size="medium" class="dcr-kunqwb"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/9f79f75ab0d81c3ca716f7f878069e4b63974ab5/971_741_3256_1953/master/3256.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 980px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/9f79f75ab0d81c3ca716f7f878069e4b63974ab5/971_741_3256_1953/master/3256.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/9f79f75ab0d81c3ca716f7f878069e4b63974ab5/971_741_3256_1953/master/3256.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 740px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/9f79f75ab0d81c3ca716f7f878069e4b63974ab5/971_741_3256_1953/master/3256.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/9f79f75ab0d81c3ca716f7f878069e4b63974ab5/971_741_3256_1953/master/3256.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/9f79f75ab0d81c3ca716f7f878069e4b63974ab5/971_741_3256_1953/master/3256.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="‘My dad was always kind of a loner guy’ … Stephen with his parents Humphrey Bogart and Lauren Bacall in 1951." src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/9f79f75ab0d81c3ca716f7f878069e4b63974ab5/971_741_3256_1953/master/3256.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" loading="lazy" data-chromatic="ignore" class="dcr-l300o4"/></picture><div class="dcr-1lbpkkf"><div class="image-overlay"></div></div></div><div class="dcr-ew87xm"><div class="dcr-vy6xhd"><div class="dcr-147a5s0"><h3 class="card-headline dcr-1d8jwt1"><span class="show-underline dcr-uyefka">‘Kids were second to their drinking and partying’: Stephen Bogart, son of Bogie and Bacall, on his screen icon parents</span></h3></div><span class="dcr-n4pnam"><div class="dcr-oi4shr"><div>What’s it like to grow up the son of Hollywood legends? Stephen Bogart, whose parents left him for six months even after his nanny dropped dead, reveals how he finally shook off the past</div></div></span><footer class="dcr-vfsw4m"><span class="dcr-8fifzy"><time dateTime="2024-11-27T16:11:08.000Z" data-locale="en-gb" title="Wednesday 27 November 2024 at 16:11 Greenwich Mean Time">27 Nov 2024 16.11 GMT</time></span></footer></div><div></div></div></div><div style="padding:0px;" class="dcr-0"></div></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="dcr-1xrkea9"></div></section><span class="dcr-12r3co1"><aside class="ad-slot-container undefined dcr-0"><div id="dfp-ad--inline2--mobile" data-link-name="ad slot inline2" data-name="inline2" data-testid="slot" aria-hidden="true" class="js-ad-slot ad-slot ad-slot--inline2 ad-slot--container-inline ad-slot--mobile mobile-only ad-slot--rendered dcr-1marh94"></div></aside></span><div class="top-fronts-banner-ad-container dcr-13xs3yn"><aside class="ad-slot-container dcr-sy50x3"><div id="dfp-ad--fronts-banner-2" data-link-name="ad slot fronts-banner-2" data-name="fronts-banner-2" data-testid="slot" aria-hidden="true" class="js-ad-slot ad-slot ad-slot--fronts-banner-2 ad-slot--rendered false dcr-1srdfj"></div></aside></div><section id="3-november-2024" data-link-name="container-5 | 3-november-2024" data-component="3-november-2024" style="background-color:var(--front-container-background);" class="dcr-dqlcr0"><div class="dcr-1tbbfjt"></div><div class="dcr-jphuvb"><div class="dcr-l9k7rx"><div class="dcr-1atljbz"><a href="/profile/xanbrooks/2024/nov/03/all" data-link-name="section heading" class="dcr-1g8nl1f"><h2 style="color:var(--article-section-title);" class="dcr-k8vtvd">3 November 2024</h2></a></div></div></div><div id="container-3-november-2024" class="dcr-ufnmjy"><ul class="dcr-pnnc7v"><li class="dcr-nd7plm"><div data-format-theme="3" data-format-design="5" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-vw5mjg"><div class="dcr-5rptw1"><a href="/film/2024/nov/03/blitz-review-steve-mcqueen-sturdy-wartime-london-drama-saoirse-ronan" data-link-name="review | group-0 | card-@12" aria-label="Blitz review – Saoirse Ronan stars in Steve McQueen’s sturdy wartime London drama" class="dcr-2yd10d"></a><div style="background-color:var(--card-background);row-gap:8px;" class="dcr-cprbyc"><div class="dcr-1y4wqkl"><picture data-size="medium" class="dcr-kunqwb"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/74ce6b7dcf8f49f847bd640f8be603dca021c886/120_0_3600_2160/master/3600.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 980px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/74ce6b7dcf8f49f847bd640f8be603dca021c886/120_0_3600_2160/master/3600.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/74ce6b7dcf8f49f847bd640f8be603dca021c886/120_0_3600_2160/master/3600.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 740px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/74ce6b7dcf8f49f847bd640f8be603dca021c886/120_0_3600_2160/master/3600.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/74ce6b7dcf8f49f847bd640f8be603dca021c886/120_0_3600_2160/master/3600.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/74ce6b7dcf8f49f847bd640f8be603dca021c886/120_0_3600_2160/master/3600.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="A woman and a boy on a London Underground platform in 1940." src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/74ce6b7dcf8f49f847bd640f8be603dca021c886/120_0_3600_2160/master/3600.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" loading="lazy" data-chromatic="ignore" class="dcr-l300o4"/></picture><div class="dcr-1lbpkkf"><div class="image-overlay"></div></div></div><div class="dcr-1jxn8cz"><div class="dcr-vy6xhd"><div class="dcr-147a5s0"><h3 class="card-headline dcr-4ec2a0"><span class="show-underline dcr-uyefka">Blitz review – Saoirse Ronan stars in Steve McQueen’s sturdy wartime London drama</span></h3><div class="dcr-1q3os16"><div class="dcr-osnja9"><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m19.151 21.336-2.418-7.386L23 9.348l-.312-.989h-7.75L12.547 1h-1.092L9.087 8.36H1.312L1 9.347l6.267 4.602-2.366 7.386.806.624L12 17.357l6.293 4.603z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m19.151 21.336-2.418-7.386L23 9.348l-.312-.989h-7.75L12.547 1h-1.092L9.087 8.36H1.312L1 9.347l6.267 4.602-2.366 7.386.806.624L12 17.357l6.293 4.603z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m19.151 21.336-2.418-7.386L23 9.348l-.312-.989h-7.75L12.547 1h-1.092L9.087 8.36H1.312L1 9.347l6.267 4.602-2.366 7.386.806.624L12 17.357l6.293 4.603z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m14.381 13.196 3.863-2.837h-4.758l-1.479-4.547-1.462 4.547H5.756l3.855 2.831-1.438 4.488L12 14.88l3.856 2.82zm4.77 8.14-.858.624L12 17.357 5.707 21.96l-.806-.624 2.366-7.386L1 9.348l.312-.989h7.775L11.454 1h1.092l2.393 7.36h7.749l.312.988-6.267 4.602z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m14.381 13.196 3.863-2.837h-4.758l-1.479-4.547-1.462 4.547H5.756l3.855 2.831-1.438 4.488L12 14.88l3.856 2.82zm4.77 8.14-.858.624L12 17.357 5.707 21.96l-.806-.624 2.366-7.386L1 9.348l.312-.989h7.775L11.454 1h1.092l2.393 7.36h7.749l.312.988-6.267 4.602z"></path></svg></div></div></div><span class="dcr-n4pnam"><div class="dcr-oi4shr"><div>A boy and his mother search for each other as German bombs rain down in the Oscar-winning director’s straightforward period drama</div></div></span><footer class="dcr-vfsw4m"><span class="dcr-8fifzy"><time dateTime="2024-11-03T15:00:47.000Z" data-locale="en-gb" title="Sunday 3 November 2024 at 15:00 Greenwich Mean Time">3 Nov 2024 15.00 GMT</time></span></footer></div><div></div></div></div><div style="padding:0px;" class="dcr-0"></div></div></div></li><li class="dcr-63h33d"><div data-format-theme="3" data-format-design="5" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-vw5mjg"><div class="dcr-5rptw1"><a href="/film/2024/nov/03/superman-the-christopher-reeve-story-review-respectful-documentary-gives-the-full-picture" data-link-name="review | group-0 | card-@13" aria-label="Super/Man: The Christopher Reeve Story review – respectful documentary gives the full picture" class="dcr-2yd10d"></a><div style="background-color:var(--card-background);row-gap:8px;" class="dcr-cprbyc"><div class="dcr-1y4wqkl"><picture data-size="medium" class="dcr-kunqwb"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/22fb7c9bf05fd95829f52ec03591676fb58c3d6a/0_0_3582_2150/master/3582.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 980px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/22fb7c9bf05fd95829f52ec03591676fb58c3d6a/0_0_3582_2150/master/3582.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/22fb7c9bf05fd95829f52ec03591676fb58c3d6a/0_0_3582_2150/master/3582.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 740px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/22fb7c9bf05fd95829f52ec03591676fb58c3d6a/0_0_3582_2150/master/3582.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/22fb7c9bf05fd95829f52ec03591676fb58c3d6a/0_0_3582_2150/master/3582.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/22fb7c9bf05fd95829f52ec03591676fb58c3d6a/0_0_3582_2150/master/3582.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="Christopher Reeve as Superman in 1978, one arm raised, the new york skyline behind him" src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/22fb7c9bf05fd95829f52ec03591676fb58c3d6a/0_0_3582_2150/master/3582.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" loading="lazy" data-chromatic="ignore" class="dcr-l300o4"/></picture><div class="dcr-1lbpkkf"><div class="image-overlay"></div></div></div><div class="dcr-1jxn8cz"><div class="dcr-vy6xhd"><div class="dcr-147a5s0"><h3 class="card-headline dcr-4ec2a0"><span class="show-underline dcr-uyefka">Super/Man: The Christopher Reeve Story review – respectful documentary gives the full picture</span></h3><div class="dcr-1q3os16"><div class="dcr-osnja9"><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m19.151 21.336-2.418-7.386L23 9.348l-.312-.989h-7.75L12.547 1h-1.092L9.087 8.36H1.312L1 9.347l6.267 4.602-2.366 7.386.806.624L12 17.357l6.293 4.603z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m19.151 21.336-2.418-7.386L23 9.348l-.312-.989h-7.75L12.547 1h-1.092L9.087 8.36H1.312L1 9.347l6.267 4.602-2.366 7.386.806.624L12 17.357l6.293 4.603z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m19.151 21.336-2.418-7.386L23 9.348l-.312-.989h-7.75L12.547 1h-1.092L9.087 8.36H1.312L1 9.347l6.267 4.602-2.366 7.386.806.624L12 17.357l6.293 4.603z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m14.381 13.196 3.863-2.837h-4.758l-1.479-4.547-1.462 4.547H5.756l3.855 2.831-1.438 4.488L12 14.88l3.856 2.82zm4.77 8.14-.858.624L12 17.357 5.707 21.96l-.806-.624 2.366-7.386L1 9.348l.312-.989h7.775L11.454 1h1.092l2.393 7.36h7.749l.312.988-6.267 4.602z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m14.381 13.196 3.863-2.837h-4.758l-1.479-4.547-1.462 4.547H5.756l3.855 2.831-1.438 4.488L12 14.88l3.856 2.82zm4.77 8.14-.858.624L12 17.357 5.707 21.96l-.806-.624 2.366-7.386L1 9.348l.312-.989h7.775L11.454 1h1.092l2.393 7.36h7.749l.312.988-6.267 4.602z"></path></svg></div></div></div><span class="dcr-n4pnam"><div class="dcr-oi4shr"><div>From his breakthrough roles to his life-changing accident, this rounded film portrays the courage and resilience of the late film star</div></div></span><footer class="dcr-vfsw4m"><span class="dcr-8fifzy"><time dateTime="2024-11-03T12:00:44.000Z" data-locale="en-gb" title="Sunday 3 November 2024 at 12:00 Greenwich Mean Time">3 Nov 2024 12.00 GMT</time></span></footer></div><div></div></div></div><div style="padding:0px;" class="dcr-0"></div></div></div></li><li class="dcr-99m2ml"><ul class="dcr-1egu867"><li class="dcr-keisnu"><div data-format-theme="3" data-format-design="5" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-vw5mjg"><div class="dcr-5rptw1"><a href="/film/2024/nov/03/juror-2-review-clint-eastwood-nicholas-hoult-12-angry-men-remake" data-link-name="review | group-0 | card-@14" aria-label="Juror #2 review – you want far-fetched? Try Clint Eastwood’s 12 Angry Men remake" class="dcr-2yd10d"></a><div style="background-color:var(--card-background);row-gap:8px;" class="dcr-cprbyc"><div class="dcr-1jxn8cz"><div class="dcr-vy6xhd"><div class="dcr-147a5s0"><h3 class="card-headline dcr-1mm37ru"><span class="show-underline dcr-uyefka">Juror #2 review – you want far-fetched? Try Clint Eastwood’s 12 Angry Men remake</span></h3><div class="dcr-pdifrs"><div class="dcr-osnja9"><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m19.151 21.336-2.418-7.386L23 9.348l-.312-.989h-7.75L12.547 1h-1.092L9.087 8.36H1.312L1 9.347l6.267 4.602-2.366 7.386.806.624L12 17.357l6.293 4.603z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m19.151 21.336-2.418-7.386L23 9.348l-.312-.989h-7.75L12.547 1h-1.092L9.087 8.36H1.312L1 9.347l6.267 4.602-2.366 7.386.806.624L12 17.357l6.293 4.603z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m19.151 21.336-2.418-7.386L23 9.348l-.312-.989h-7.75L12.547 1h-1.092L9.087 8.36H1.312L1 9.347l6.267 4.602-2.366 7.386.806.624L12 17.357l6.293 4.603z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m14.381 13.196 3.863-2.837h-4.758l-1.479-4.547-1.462 4.547H5.756l3.855 2.831-1.438 4.488L12 14.88l3.856 2.82zm4.77 8.14-.858.624L12 17.357 5.707 21.96l-.806-.624 2.366-7.386L1 9.348l.312-.989h7.775L11.454 1h1.092l2.393 7.36h7.749l.312.988-6.267 4.602z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m14.381 13.196 3.863-2.837h-4.758l-1.479-4.547-1.462 4.547H5.756l3.855 2.831-1.438 4.488L12 14.88l3.856 2.82zm4.77 8.14-.858.624L12 17.357 5.707 21.96l-.806-.624 2.366-7.386L1 9.348l.312-.989h7.775L11.454 1h1.092l2.393 7.36h7.749l.312.988-6.267 4.602z"></path></svg></div></div></div><footer class="dcr-vfsw4m"><span class="dcr-8fifzy"><time dateTime="2024-11-03T11:30:42.000Z" data-locale="en-gb" title="Sunday 3 November 2024 at 11:30 Greenwich Mean Time">3 Nov 2024 11.30 GMT</time></span></footer></div><div></div></div></div><div style="padding:0px;" class="dcr-0"></div></div></div></li><li class="dcr-keisnu"><div data-format-theme="3" data-format-design="5" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-vw5mjg"><div class="dcr-5rptw1"><a href="/film/2024/nov/03/heretic-review-hugh-grants-move-to-the-dark-side-is-a-triumph" data-link-name="review | group-0 | card-@15" aria-label="Heretic review – Hugh Grant’s move to the dark side is a triumph " class="dcr-2yd10d"></a><div style="background-color:var(--card-background);row-gap:8px;" class="dcr-cprbyc"><div class="dcr-1jxn8cz"><div class="dcr-vy6xhd"><div class="dcr-147a5s0"><h3 class="card-headline dcr-1mm37ru"><span class="show-underline dcr-uyefka">Heretic review – Hugh Grant’s move to the dark side is a triumph </span></h3><div class="dcr-pdifrs"><div class="dcr-osnja9"><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m19.151 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href="/film/2024/nov/03/anora-review-sean-baker-screwball-cinderella-tale-vaults-him-towards-greatness-mikey-madison" data-link-name="review | group-0 | card-@16" aria-label="Anora review – Sean Baker’s screwball Cinderella tale vaults him towards greatness" class="dcr-2yd10d"></a><div style="background-color:var(--card-background);row-gap:8px;" class="dcr-cprbyc"><div class="dcr-1jxn8cz"><div class="dcr-vy6xhd"><div class="dcr-147a5s0"><h3 class="card-headline dcr-1mm37ru"><span class="show-underline dcr-uyefka">Anora review – Sean Baker’s screwball Cinderella tale vaults him towards greatness</span></h3><div class="dcr-pdifrs"><div class="dcr-osnja9"><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m19.151 21.336-2.418-7.386L23 9.348l-.312-.989h-7.75L12.547 1h-1.092L9.087 8.36H1.312L1 9.347l6.267 4.602-2.366 7.386.806.624L12 17.357l6.293 4.603z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m19.151 21.336-2.418-7.386L23 9.348l-.312-.989h-7.75L12.547 1h-1.092L9.087 8.36H1.312L1 9.347l6.267 4.602-2.366 7.386.806.624L12 17.357l6.293 4.603z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m19.151 21.336-2.418-7.386L23 9.348l-.312-.989h-7.75L12.547 1h-1.092L9.087 8.36H1.312L1 9.347l6.267 4.602-2.366 7.386.806.624L12 17.357l6.293 4.603z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m19.151 21.336-2.418-7.386L23 9.348l-.312-.989h-7.75L12.547 1h-1.092L9.087 8.36H1.312L1 9.347l6.267 4.602-2.366 7.386.806.624L12 17.357l6.293 4.603z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m19.151 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class="dcr-k8vtvd">2 November 2024</h2></a></div></div></div><div id="container-2-november-2024" class="dcr-ufnmjy"><ul class="dcr-pnnc7v"><li class="dcr-tzc0jy"><div data-format-theme="3" data-format-design="5" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-vw5mjg"><div class="dcr-5rptw1"><a href="/film/2024/nov/02/small-things-like-these-review-cillian-murphy-shines-as-quiet-hero-in-powerful-80s-ireland-morality-tale-claire-keegan-tim-mielant-enda-walsh-magdalene-laundries" data-link-name="review | group-0 | card-@17" aria-label="Small Things Like These review – Cillian Murphy shines as quiet hero in powerful 80s Ireland morality tale" class="dcr-2yd10d"></a><div style="background-color:var(--card-background);row-gap:8px;" class="dcr-1rb2c6n"><div class="dcr-755y67"><picture data-size="medium" class="dcr-kunqwb"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/300b18064ea95b2718877bf289949db57b124d1e/0_154_3000_1800/master/3000.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 980px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/300b18064ea95b2718877bf289949db57b124d1e/0_154_3000_1800/master/3000.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/300b18064ea95b2718877bf289949db57b124d1e/0_154_3000_1800/master/3000.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 740px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/300b18064ea95b2718877bf289949db57b124d1e/0_154_3000_1800/master/3000.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/300b18064ea95b2718877bf289949db57b124d1e/0_154_3000_1800/master/3000.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/300b18064ea95b2718877bf289949db57b124d1e/0_154_3000_1800/master/3000.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="Undated film still from Small Things Like These. Pictured: Zara Devin as Sarah Raymond and Cillian Murphy as Bill Furlong . See PA Feature SHOWBIZ Film Reviews. WARNING: This picture must only be used to accompany PA Feature SHOWBIZ Film Reviews. PA Photo. Picture credit should read: Lionsgate/Enda Bowe. All Rights Reserved. NOTE TO EDITORS: This picture must only be used to accompany PA Feature SHOWBIZ Film Reviews." src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/300b18064ea95b2718877bf289949db57b124d1e/0_154_3000_1800/master/3000.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" loading="lazy" data-chromatic="ignore" class="dcr-l300o4"/></picture><div class="dcr-1lbpkkf"><div class="image-overlay"></div></div></div><div class="dcr-ew87xm"><div class="dcr-vy6xhd"><div class="dcr-147a5s0"><h3 class="card-headline dcr-1d8jwt1"><span class="show-underline dcr-uyefka">Small Things Like These review – Cillian Murphy shines as quiet hero in powerful 80s Ireland morality tale</span></h3><div class="dcr-1q3os16"><div class="dcr-osnja9"><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m19.151 21.336-2.418-7.386L23 9.348l-.312-.989h-7.75L12.547 1h-1.092L9.087 8.36H1.312L1 9.347l6.267 4.602-2.366 7.386.806.624L12 17.357l6.293 4.603z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m19.151 21.336-2.418-7.386L23 9.348l-.312-.989h-7.75L12.547 1h-1.092L9.087 8.36H1.312L1 9.347l6.267 4.602-2.366 7.386.806.624L12 17.357l6.293 4.603z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m19.151 21.336-2.418-7.386L23 9.348l-.312-.989h-7.75L12.547 1h-1.092L9.087 8.36H1.312L1 9.347l6.267 4.602-2.366 7.386.806.624L12 17.357l6.293 4.603z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m19.151 21.336-2.418-7.386L23 9.348l-.312-.989h-7.75L12.547 1h-1.092L9.087 8.36H1.312L1 9.347l6.267 4.602-2.366 7.386.806.624L12 17.357l6.293 4.603z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="m14.381 13.196 3.863-2.837h-4.758l-1.479-4.547-1.462 4.547H5.756l3.855 2.831-1.438 4.488L12 14.88l3.856 2.82zm4.77 8.14-.858.624L12 17.357 5.707 21.96l-.806-.624 2.366-7.386L1 9.348l.312-.989h7.775L11.454 1h1.092l2.393 7.36h7.749l.312.988-6.267 4.602z"></path></svg></div></div></div><span class="dcr-n4pnam"><div class="dcr-oi4shr"><div>Claire Keegan’s acclaimed Magdalene laundries novella reaches the big screen in director Tim Mielant’s atmospheric adaptation</div></div></span><footer class="dcr-vfsw4m"><span class="dcr-8fifzy"><time dateTime="2024-11-02T15:00:19.000Z" data-locale="en-gb" title="Saturday 2 November 2024 at 15:00 Greenwich Mean Time">2 Nov 2024 15.00 GMT</time></span></footer></div><div></div></div></div><div style="padding:0px;" class="dcr-0"></div></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="dcr-1xrkea9"></div></section><span class="dcr-12r3co1"><aside class="ad-slot-container undefined dcr-0"><div id="dfp-ad--inline3--mobile" data-link-name="ad slot inline3" data-name="inline3" data-testid="slot" aria-hidden="true" class="js-ad-slot ad-slot ad-slot--inline3 ad-slot--container-inline ad-slot--mobile mobile-only ad-slot--rendered dcr-1marh94"></div></aside></span><section id="october-2024" data-link-name="container-7 | october-2024" data-component="october-2024" style="background-color:var(--front-container-background);" class="dcr-dqlcr0"><div class="dcr-1tbbfjt"></div><div class="dcr-jphuvb"><div class="dcr-l9k7rx"><div class="dcr-1atljbz"><h2 style="color:var(--article-section-title);" class="dcr-15821ah">October 2024</h2></div></div></div><div id="container-october-2024" class="dcr-ufnmjy"><ul class="dcr-pnnc7v"><li class="dcr-nd7plm"><div data-format-theme="3" data-format-design="10" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-vw5mjg"><div class="dcr-5rptw1"><a href="/tv-and-radio/2024/oct/25/wolf-hall-the-mirror-and-the-light-bbc" data-link-name="feature | group-0 | card-@18" aria-label="‘It’s going to be much darker’: inside the deadly return of TV masterpiece Wolf Hall" class="dcr-2yd10d"></a><div style="background-color:var(--card-background);row-gap:8px;" class="dcr-cprbyc"><div class="dcr-1y4wqkl"><picture data-size="medium" class="dcr-kunqwb"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/64eea1d5bf086dca50f77340afd8f8cd9deb020b/95_945_5982_3590/master/5982.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 980px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/64eea1d5bf086dca50f77340afd8f8cd9deb020b/95_945_5982_3590/master/5982.jpg?width=460&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 980px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/64eea1d5bf086dca50f77340afd8f8cd9deb020b/95_945_5982_3590/master/5982.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 740px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/64eea1d5bf086dca50f77340afd8f8cd9deb020b/95_945_5982_3590/master/5982.jpg?width=330&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 740px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/64eea1d5bf086dca50f77340afd8f8cd9deb020b/95_945_5982_3590/master/5982.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=2&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/64eea1d5bf086dca50f77340afd8f8cd9deb020b/95_945_5982_3590/master/5982.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="Mark Rylance in Wolf Hall: The Mirror and the Light." src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/64eea1d5bf086dca50f77340afd8f8cd9deb020b/95_945_5982_3590/master/5982.jpg?width=240&amp;dpr=1&amp;s=none&amp;crop=5%3A3" loading="lazy" data-chromatic="ignore" class="dcr-l300o4"/></picture><div class="dcr-1lbpkkf"><div class="image-overlay"></div></div></div><div class="dcr-1jxn8cz"><div class="dcr-vy6xhd"><div class="dcr-147a5s0"><h3 class="card-headline dcr-4ec2a0"><span class="show-underline dcr-uyefka">‘It’s going to be much darker’: inside the deadly return of TV masterpiece Wolf Hall</span></h3></div><span class="dcr-n4pnam"><div class="dcr-oi4shr"><div>The Tudor epic about a tyrant king and his vengeful, backstabbing entourage is back for its final instalment – and it’s more brutal than ever. We go on set to talk to the Mirror and the Light team about death, dictatorship … and ostriches</div></div></span><footer class="dcr-vfsw4m"><span class="dcr-8fifzy"><time dateTime="2024-10-25T12:00:02.000Z" data-locale="en-gb" title="Friday 25 October 2024 at 13:00 British Summer Time">25 Oct 2024 13.00 BST</time></span></footer></div><div></div></div></div><div style="padding:0px;" class="dcr-0"></div></div></div></li><li class="dcr-63h33d"><div data-format-theme="3" data-format-design="10" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-vw5mjg"><div class="dcr-5rptw1"><a href="/film/2024/oct/24/chaos-is-great-this-time-it-went-over-the-top-andrea-arnold-and-robbie-ryan-on-21-years-of-film-and-friendship" data-link-name="feature | group-0 | card-@19" aria-label="‘Chaos is great. 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