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cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关参考文献子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-引用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#引用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>引用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-引用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-来源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#来源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>来源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-来源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">伊斯兰主义</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。75种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-75" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">75种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamismus" title="Islamismus – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Islamismus" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="إسلاموية – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إسلاموية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%89" title="الاسلام السياسى – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الاسلام السياسى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamismu" title="Islamismu – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Islamismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slamizm" title="İslamizm – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İslamizm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%DA%86%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%82" title="ایسلامچی‌لیق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایسلامچی‌لیق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%A1" title="Исламсылыҡ – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Исламсылыҡ" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Ісламізм – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ісламізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Ислямизъм – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ислямизъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="ইসলামবাদ – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইসলামবাদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamouriezh" title="Islamouriezh – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Islamouriezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamisme_pol%C3%ADtic" title="Islamisme polític – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Islamisme polític" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamismo" title="Islamismo – 宿务语" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Islamismo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="宿务语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="ئیسلامەتی – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیسلامەتی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamismus" title="Islamismus – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Islamismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamiaeth" title="Islamiaeth – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Islamiaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamisme" title="Islamisme – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Islamisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamismus" title="Islamismus – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Islamismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%99%CF%83%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%BC" title="Πολιτικό Ισλάμ – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πολιτικό Ισλάμ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Islamism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamismo" title="Islamismo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Islamismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamismo" title="Islamismo – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Islamismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Islamism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamismo" title="Islamismo – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Islamismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%E2%80%8C%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="اسلام‌گرایی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اسلام‌گرایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamismi" title="Islamismi – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Islamismi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamisme" title="Islamisme – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Islamisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamisme" title="Islamisme – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Islamisme" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioslamachas" title="Ioslamachas – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ioslamachas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Islamism" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamismo" title="Islamismo – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Islamismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="אסלאמיזם – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אסלאמיזם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4" title="इस्लामियत – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इस्लामियत" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamizam" title="Islamizam – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Islamizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iszlamizmus" title="Iszlamizmus – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Iszlamizmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%BD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Իսլամիզմ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իսլամիզմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamismo" title="Islamismo – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Islamismo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamisme" title="Islamisme – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Islamisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dslamismi" title="Íslamismi – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Íslamismi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamismo" title="Islamismo – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Islamismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="イスラム主義 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イスラム主義" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ისლამიზმი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ისლამიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Исламизм – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Исламизм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%AC%EB%9E%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="이슬람주의 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이슬람주의" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Eslam%C3%AEzm" title="Îslamîzm – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Îslamîzm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Исламизм – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Исламизм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamismus" title="Islamismus – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Islamismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Islamism" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamizmas" title="Islamizmas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Islamizmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C4%81misms" title="Islāmisms – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Islāmisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamisma" title="Islamisma – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Islamisma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamisme" title="Islamisme – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Islamisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamisme" title="Islamisme – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Islamisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamisme" title="Islamisme – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Islamisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamisme" title="Islamisme – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Islamisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A4" title="ਇਸਲਾਮੀਅਤ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਸਲਾਮੀਅਤ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamizm" title="Islamizm – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Islamizm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%87" title="اسلامپالنه – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اسلامپالنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamismo_pol%C3%ADtico" title="Islamismo político – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Islamismo político" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Islamism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Исламизм – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Исламизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamizam" title="Islamizam – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Islamizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Islamism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamizmi" title="Islamizmi – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Islamizmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Исламизам – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Исламизам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Islamism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamismo" title="Islamismo – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Islamismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slamc%C4%B1l%C4%B1k" title="İslamcılık – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İslamcılık" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Ісламізм – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ісламізм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="اسلامیت – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اسلامیت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islomchilik" title="Islomchilik – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Islomchilik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%A7_ngh%C4%A9a_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o" title="Chủ nghĩa Hồi giáo – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chủ nghĩa Hồi giáo" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="伊斯兰主义 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伊斯兰主义" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam-ch%C3%BA-g%C4%AB" title="Islam-chú-gī – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Islam-chú-gī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="伊斯蘭主義 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="伊斯蘭主義" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q189746#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" 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.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-POV plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-POV" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Emblem-scales.svg/40px-Emblem-scales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Emblem-scales.svg/60px-Emblem-scales.svg.png 1.5x, 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nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="Category:伊斯兰教">系列</a>條目</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="伊斯兰教">伊斯兰教</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Allah_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="阿拉伯文書法中的阿拉"><img alt="阿拉伯文書法中的阿拉" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Allah_logo.svg/110px-Allah_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Allah_logo.svg/165px-Allah_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Allah_logo.svg/220px-Allah_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="195" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="伊斯蘭教神學">信仰</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E7%A5%9E" title="伊斯兰教的神">神</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%8D%E4%B8%BB%E5%AD%B8" title="認主學">獨一性</a></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E5%85%88%E7%9F%A5" title="伊斯蘭教的先知">先知</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%81%96%E6%9B%B8" title="伊斯蘭教聖書">啟示之書</a></li></ul> </div><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%BF" title="伊斯兰教中的天使">天使</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E5%AE%BF%E5%91%BD%E8%AB%96" title="伊斯蘭教宿命論">宿命論</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E8%AB%96" title="伊斯蘭教末世論">末日審判</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%8A%9F" title="五功">習俗</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80" title="清真言">證信</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BC%E6%8B%9C_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99)" title="礼拜 (伊斯兰教)">禮拜</a></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8B%E6%88%92_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99)" title="齋戒 (伊斯蘭教)">齋戒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E8%AA%B2" title="天課">施捨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E8%A7%90_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99)" title="朝觐 (伊斯兰教)">朝覲</a></li></ul> </div> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E5%85%B8%E7%B1%8D%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="伊斯蘭教典籍列表">典籍</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95" title="伊斯蘭教法">法律</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B0%E7%BB%8F" title="古兰经">古兰经</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E8%A1%8C" title="聖行">聖行</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E8%A8%93" title="聖訓">聖訓</a></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95" title="伊斯蘭教法">沙里亞 <small>（法律）</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%B8" title="伊斯蘭教法學">費格赫 <small>（法學）</small></a></li></ul> </div><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E4%B9%89%E5%AD%A6" title="伊斯兰教义学">凱拉姆 <small>（辯證）</small></a></li></ul> </div> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="伊斯兰教历史">歷史</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="伊斯蘭教歷史年表">年表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7" title="穆罕默德">穆罕默德</a></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E8%A3%94" title="聖裔">聖裔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E5%93%88%E5%B7%B4" title="薩哈巴">薩哈巴</a></li></ul> </div><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E7%BB%9F%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" title="正统哈里发时期">正統哈里發</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E7%91%AA%E7%9B%AE%E6%95%99%E7%BE%A9" title="伊瑪目教義">伊瑪目教義</a></li></ul> </div><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC%E5%9C%8B" title="哈里發國">哈里發國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E5%82%B3%E6%92%AD" title="伊斯蘭教的傳播">傳播</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%A5%B4%E9%9A%B8" title="伊斯蘭教與奴隸">奴隸制度</a></li></ul> </div> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%B4%BE" title="伊斯蘭教派">教派</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%9C%E5%B0%BC%E6%B4%BE" title="遜尼派">遜尼派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%80%E5%8F%B6%E6%B4%BE" title="什叶派">什叶派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E9%9D%9E%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="蘇非主義">蘇非主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%B7%B4%E5%BE%B7%E6%B4%BE" title="伊巴德派">伊巴德派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%AF%E7%8D%A8%E5%8F%A4%E8%98%AD%E7%B6%93" title="唯獨古蘭經">唯獨古蘭經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%B5%AB%E8%BF%88%E5%BA%95%E4%BA%9A" title="阿赫迈底亚">阿赫迈底亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99" title="美國伊斯蘭教">黑人穆斯林運動</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%95%99%E6%B4%BE%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97" title="无教派穆斯林">無教派</a></li></ul></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="伊斯兰文化">文化</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="穆斯林世界">社會</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6" title="伊斯蘭教研究">學術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" title="伊斯蘭教與動物">動物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93" title="伊斯蘭藝術">藝術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%8E%86" title="伊斯兰历">曆法</a></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%85%92%E7%AB%A5" title="伊斯蘭教與兒童">兒童</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="各国伊斯兰教">人口</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="伊斯蘭女性主義">女性主義</a></li></ul> </div><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%AF%80%E6%97%A5" title="伊斯蘭教節日">節日</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" title="清真寺">清真寺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6" title="伊斯兰哲学">哲學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="伊斯兰教与政治">政治</a></li></ul> </div><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%94%E7%93%A6_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99)" title="達瓦 (伊斯蘭教)">宣教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="伊斯蘭教與科學">科學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E4%BA%BA%E9%81%93" title="伊斯蘭教與人道">社會福利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A9%A6%E5%A5%B3%E8%88%87%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99" title="婦女與伊斯蘭教">婦女</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT%E8%88%87%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99" title="LGBT與伊斯蘭教">LGBT</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="Category:伊斯兰教">相關主題</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8D%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E6%89%B9%E8%A9%95" title="對伊斯蘭教的批評">批評</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%85%B6%E4%BB%96%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教與其他宗教（页面不存在）">其他宗教</a></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">伊斯兰主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%9E%81%E7%AB%AF%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="伊斯兰极端主义">伊斯蘭極端主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7" title="吉哈德">吉哈德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%81%90%E6%83%A7%E7%97%87" title="伊斯兰恐惧症">伊斯兰恐惧症</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%A9%9E%E5%BD%99%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="伊斯蘭教詞彙列表">詞彙</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="Template:伊斯兰教"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="Template talk:伊斯兰教"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:伊斯兰教"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84913072"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks collapsible" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background-color:#CEF2CE;;font-size:88%; line-height:200%"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="Category:伊斯蘭主義">系列</a>條目</span></span><br /><span style="font-size:230%;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">伊斯蘭主義</a></span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#CEF2CE;;background:#E6FFE6;padding:0.2em;">一般</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="伊斯兰教">伊斯兰教</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭主義歷史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of Islamism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭主義歷史（页面不存在）">歷史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Islamism" class="extiw" title="en:History of Islamism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of Islamism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="伊斯兰文化">文化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="伊斯兰经济">經濟</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教的政治面" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Political aspects of Islam"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E9%9D%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教的政治面（页面不存在）">政治</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_aspects_of_Islam" class="extiw" title="en:Political aspects of Islam"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Political aspects of Islam</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教與世俗主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Islam and secularism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E4%B8%96%E4%BF%97%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教與世俗主義（页面不存在）">世俗方</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_and_secularism" class="extiw" title="en:Islam and secularism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Islam and secularism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#CEF2CE;;background:#E6FFE6;padding:0.2em;">意識形態</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">伊斯蘭主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%AB%E7%89%B9%E5%B8%83%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="庫特布主義">庫特布主義</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E6%A2%85%E5%B0%BC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="霍梅尼主义">霍梅尼主义</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E6%8B%89%E8%8F%B2%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="萨拉菲运动">萨拉菲运动</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="薩拉菲主義和瓦哈比主義的國際傳播" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%A9%E6%8B%89%E8%8F%B2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E5%92%8C%E7%93%A6%E5%93%88%E6%AF%94%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%82%B3%E6%92%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薩拉菲主義和瓦哈比主義的國際傳播（页面不存在）">國際傳播</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_propagation_of_Salafism_and_Wahhabism" class="extiw" title="en:International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="薩拉菲主義和瓦哈比主義的國際傳播 (按地區劃分)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism by region"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%A9%E6%8B%89%E8%8F%B2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E5%92%8C%E7%93%A6%E5%93%88%E6%AF%94%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%82%B3%E6%92%AD_(%E6%8C%89%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83%E5%88%86)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薩拉菲主義和瓦哈比主義的國際傳播 (按地區劃分)（页面不存在）">按國家與地區劃分</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_propagation_of_Salafism_and_Wahhabism_by_region" class="extiw" title="en:International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism by region"><span lang="en" dir="auto">International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism by region</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊朗伊斯蘭原教旨主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Islamic Principlism in Iran"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%8E%9F%E6%95%99%E6%97%A8%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊朗伊斯蘭原教旨主義（页面不存在）">什葉伊斯蘭主義</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Principlism_in_Iran" class="extiw" title="en:Islamic Principlism in Iran"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Islamic Principlism in Iran</span></a></span>）</span></span><br /></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%8E%9F%E6%95%99%E6%97%A8%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="伊斯兰原教旨主义">伊斯兰原教旨主义</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#CEF2CE;;background:#E6FFE6;padding:0.2em;">概念</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%9B%E6%95%99_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99)" title="叛教 (伊斯蘭教)">叛教</a> <ul><li>“<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="塔克菲" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Takfir"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%94%E5%85%8B%E8%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="塔克菲（页面不存在）">塔克菲</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takfir" class="extiw" title="en:Takfir"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Takfir</span></a></span>）</span></span>”</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC%E5%9C%8B" title="哈里發國">哈里發國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="伊斯蘭民主主義">伊斯蘭民主主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="伊斯兰社会主义">伊斯蘭社會主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%9B%BD_(%E6%94%BF%E6%9D%83%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F)" title="伊斯兰国 (政权形式)">伊斯蘭國</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭君主制" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Islamic monarchy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭君主制（页面不存在）">伊斯蘭君主制</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_monarchy" class="extiw" title="en:Islamic monarchy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Islamic monarchy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="伊斯兰共和国">伊斯蘭共和國</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E5%82%B3%E6%92%AD" title="伊斯蘭教的傳播">伊斯蘭教的傳播</a> (<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="知識的伊斯蘭化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Islamization of knowledge"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%A5%E8%AD%98%E7%9A%84%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="知識的伊斯蘭化（页面不存在）">知識</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamization_of_knowledge" class="extiw" title="en:Islamization of knowledge"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Islamization of knowledge</span></a></span>）</span></span>)</li> <li>“<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7" title="吉哈德">吉哈德</a>” <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%81%90%E6%80%96%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="伊斯蘭恐怖主義">伊斯蘭恐怖主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="吉哈德主義">吉哈德主義</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%9B%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="泛伊斯蘭主義">泛伊斯蘭主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="伊斯兰教与政治">伊斯蘭教與政治</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教的政治面" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Political aspects of Islam"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E9%9D%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教的政治面（页面不存在）">政治面</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_aspects_of_Islam" class="extiw" title="en:Political aspects of Islam"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Political aspects of Islam</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="後伊斯蘭主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Post-Islamism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%8C%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="後伊斯蘭主義（页面不存在）">後伊斯蘭主義</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-Islamism" class="extiw" title="en:Post-Islamism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Post-Islamism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li>“<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95" title="伊斯蘭教法">伊斯蘭教法</a>”</li> <li>“<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%92%E6%8B%89" title="舒拉">舒拉</a>”</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A9%E5%9C%8B%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96" title="兩國理論">兩國理論</a></li> <li>“<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E7%91%AA" title="烏瑪">烏瑪</a>”</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#CEF2CE;;background:#E6FFE6;padding:0.2em;">影響</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="反共主義">反共主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="反帝國主義">反帝國主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E9%8C%AB%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="反錫安主義">反錫安主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E9%BB%83%E9%87%91%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" title="伊斯蘭黃金時代">伊斯蘭黃金時代</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%BE%A9%E8%88%88" title="伊斯蘭復興">伊斯蘭復興</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#CEF2CE;;background:#E6FFE6;padding:0.2em;">運動</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"><b>學術性</b> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴雷爾維" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Barelvi"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E9%9B%B7%E7%88%BE%E7%B6%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴雷爾維（页面不存在）">巴雷爾維</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barelvi" class="extiw" title="en:Barelvi"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Barelvi</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="達瓦特伊斯蘭" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dawat-e-Islami"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%94%E7%93%A6%E7%89%B9%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="達瓦特伊斯蘭（页面不存在）">達瓦特伊斯蘭</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawat-e-Islami" class="extiw" title="en:Dawat-e-Islami"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dawat-e-Islami</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%AE%AD%E4%BA%BA%E4%BB%AC" title="圣训人们">聖訓人們</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%AA%E5%A5%A7%E7%8F%AD%E8%BF%AA" title="迪奧班迪">迪奧班迪</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="馬達哈利主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Madkhalism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E9%81%94%E5%93%88%E5%88%A9%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬達哈利主義（页面不存在）">馬達哈利主義</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madkhalism" class="extiw" title="en:Madkhalism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Madkhalism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="努爾運動" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nur movement"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AA%E7%88%BE%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="努爾運動（页面不存在）">努爾運動</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nur_movement" class="extiw" title="en:Nur movement"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nur movement</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="薩赫瓦運動" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sahwa movement"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%A9%E8%B5%AB%E7%93%A6%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薩赫瓦運動（页面不存在）">薩赫瓦運動</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahwa_movement" class="extiw" title="en:Sahwa movement"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sahwa movement</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E5%93%88%E6%AF%94%E6%B4%BE" title="瓦哈比派">瓦哈比派</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="薩拉菲主義和瓦哈比主義的國際傳播" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%A9%E6%8B%89%E8%8F%B2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E5%92%8C%E7%93%A6%E5%93%88%E6%AF%94%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%82%B3%E6%92%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薩拉菲主義和瓦哈比主義的國際傳播（页面不存在）">國際傳播</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_propagation_of_Salafism_and_Wahhabism" class="extiw" title="en:International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="薩拉菲主義和瓦哈比主義的國際傳播 (按地區劃分)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism by region"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%A9%E6%8B%89%E8%8F%B2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E5%92%8C%E7%93%A6%E5%93%88%E6%AF%94%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%82%B3%E6%92%AD_(%E6%8C%89%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83%E5%88%86)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薩拉菲主義和瓦哈比主義的國際傳播 (按地區劃分)（页面不存在）">按國家與地區劃分</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_propagation_of_Salafism_and_Wahhabism_by_region" class="extiw" title="en:International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism by region"><span lang="en" dir="auto">International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism by region</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> <p><b>政治性</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%89%8E%E5%B8%83%E7%89%B9" title="伊扎布特">伊扎布特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="伊朗伊斯蘭革命">伊朗伊斯蘭革命</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭大會黨" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jamaat-e-Islami"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%A4%A7%E6%9C%83%E9%BB%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭大會黨（页面不存在）">伊斯蘭大會黨</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaat-e-Islami" class="extiw" title="en:Jamaat-e-Islami"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jamaat-e-Islami</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E6%84%BF%E6%99%AF" title="民族愿景">民族願景</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E5%85%84%E5%BC%9F%E6%9C%83" title="穆斯林兄弟會">穆斯林兄弟會</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E6%AD%A3%E7%BE%A9%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="巴基斯坦正義運動">巴基斯坦正義運動</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭政黨列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of Islamic political parties"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%94%BF%E9%BB%A8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭政黨列表（页面不存在）">伊斯蘭政黨列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Islamic_political_parties" class="extiw" title="en:List of Islamic political parties"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of Islamic political parties</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> <p><b>戰爭性</b> </p> <ul><li>伊斯蘭激進主義基地位於： <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="模板:中東伊斯蘭激進主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Template:Militant Islamism in the Middle East"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:%E4%B8%AD%E6%9D%B1%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%BF%80%E9%80%B2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:中東伊斯蘭激進主義（页面不存在）">中東</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Militant_Islamism_in_the_Middle_East" class="extiw" title="en:Template:Militant Islamism in the Middle East"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Template:Militant Islamism in the Middle East</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="模板:南亞伊斯蘭激進主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Template:Militant Islamism in South Asia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9E%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%BF%80%E9%80%B2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:南亞伊斯蘭激進主義（页面不存在）">南亞</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Militant_Islamism_in_South_Asia" class="extiw" title="en:Template:Militant Islamism in South Asia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Template:Militant Islamism in South Asia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="模板:東南亞伊斯蘭激進主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Template:Militant Islamism in Southeast Asia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9E%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%BF%80%E9%80%B2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:東南亞伊斯蘭激進主義（页面不存在）">東南亞</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Militant_Islamism_in_Southeast_Asia" class="extiw" title="en:Template:Militant Islamism in Southeast Asia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Template:Militant Islamism in Southeast Asia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="模板:撒哈拉以南非洲伊斯蘭激進主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Template:Militant Islamism in Sub-Saharan Africa"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:%E6%92%92%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E4%BB%A5%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%BF%80%E9%80%B2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:撒哈拉以南非洲伊斯蘭激進主義（页面不存在）">撒哈拉以南非洲</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Militant_Islamism_in_Sub-Saharan_Africa" class="extiw" title="en:Template:Militant Islamism in Sub-Saharan Africa"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Template:Militant Islamism in Sub-Saharan Africa</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#CEF2CE;;background:#E6FFE6;padding:0.2em;">重要作品</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈里發國或最高伊瑪目 (書籍)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="The Caliphate or the Supreme Imamate (book)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC%E5%9C%8B%E6%88%96%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E4%BC%8A%E7%91%AA%E7%9B%AE_(%E6%9B%B8%E7%B1%8D)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈里發國或最高伊瑪目 (書籍)（页面不存在）">哈里發國或最高伊瑪目</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Caliphate_or_the_Supreme_Imamate_(book)" class="extiw" title="en:The Caliphate or the Supreme Imamate (book)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">The Caliphate or the Supreme Imamate (book)</span></a></span>）</span></span>》（<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%87%8C%E8%BE%BE" title="穆罕默德·拉希德·里达">拉希德·里達 (1922年)</a>）</li> <li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教宗教思想的重建" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E6%80%9D%E6%83%B3%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8D%E5%BB%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教宗教思想的重建（页面不存在）">伊斯蘭教宗教思想的重建</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Reconstruction_of_Religious_Thought_in_Islam" class="extiw" title="en:The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam"><span lang="en" dir="auto">The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam</span></a></span>）</span></span>》（<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E5%85%8B%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92" title="穆罕默德·伊克巴勒">伊克巴勒 (1930年代)</a>）</li> <li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教的國家和政府原則" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="The Principles of State and Government in Islam"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%92%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%8E%9F%E5%89%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教的國家和政府原則（页面不存在）">伊斯蘭教的國家和政府原則</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Principles_of_State_and_Government_in_Islam" class="extiw" title="en:The Principles of State and Government in Islam"><span lang="en" dir="auto">The Principles of State and Government in Islam</span></a></span>）</span></span>》（<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆罕默德·阿薩德" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Muhammad Asad"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E8%96%A9%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆罕默德·阿薩德（页面不存在）">阿薩德 (1961年)</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Asad" class="extiw" title="en:Muhammad Asad"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Muhammad Asad</span></a></span>）</span></span>）</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E6%A0%87_(%E8%B5%9B%E4%B9%89%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%BA%93%E7%89%B9%E5%B8%83)" title="路标 (赛义德·库特布)">路標</a>》（<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%9B%E4%B9%89%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%BA%93%E7%89%B9%E5%B8%83" title="赛义德·库特布">庫特布 (1965年)</a>）</li> <li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭政府 (書籍)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Islamic Government: Governance of the Jurist"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C_(%E6%9B%B8%E7%B1%8D)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭政府 (書籍)（页面不存在）">伊斯蘭政府</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Government:_Governance_of_the_Jurist" class="extiw" title="en:Islamic Government: Governance of the Jurist"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Islamic Government: Governance of the Jurist</span></a></span>）</span></span>》（<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E9%9C%8D%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E8%90%A8%E7%BB%B4%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E6%A2%85%E5%B0%BC" title="鲁霍拉·穆萨维·霍梅尼">霍梅尼 (1970年)</a>）</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#CEF2CE;;background:#E6FFE6;padding:0.2em;">國家元首</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E6%A2%85%E5%85%A7%E4%BC%8A" title="阿里·哈梅內伊">阿里·哈梅內伊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E5%B8%8C%E5%B0%94" title="奥马尔·巴希尔">奥马尔·巴希尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%98%BF%E8%BF%88%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E6%89%8E%E8%8F%B2" title="穆阿迈尔·卡扎菲">穆阿迈尔·卡扎菲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E6%9D%B0%E6%99%AE%C2%B7%E5%A1%94%E4%BC%8A%E6%99%AE%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%9A%E5%AE%89" title="雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安">雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E9%9C%8D%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E8%90%A8%E7%BB%B4%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E6%A2%85%E5%B0%BC" title="鲁霍拉·穆萨维·霍梅尼">鲁霍拉·穆萨维·霍梅尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E5%B0%94%E8%A5%BF" title="穆罕默德·穆尔西">穆罕默德·穆尔西</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%BD%8A%E4%BA%9E%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="穆罕默德·齊亞·哈克">穆罕默德·齊亞·哈克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%88%A9%E9%9B%85%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E6%B3%BD%E7%89%B9%E8%B4%9D%E6%88%88%E7%BB%B4%E5%A5%87" title="阿利雅·伊泽特贝戈维奇">阿利雅·伊泽特贝戈维奇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94" title="穆罕默德·奥马尔">穆罕默德·奥马尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="沙地王朝">沙地王朝</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="塔尼家族" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="House of Thani"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%BC%E5%AE%B6%E6%97%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="塔尼家族（页面不存在）">塔尼家族</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Thani" class="extiw" title="en:House of Thani"><span lang="en" dir="auto">House of Thani</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B7%B4%E5%9B%BE%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%B4%AA%E6%89%8E%E8%BE%BE" title="海巴图拉·阿洪扎达">海巴圖拉·阿洪扎達</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#CEF2CE;;background:#E6FFE6;padding:0.2em;">重要思想家</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%98%8E%C2%B7%E4%BE%AF%E8%B5%9B%E5%B0%BC" title="阿明·侯赛尼">阿明·侯賽尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%E9%83%BD" title="穆罕默德·阿布都">穆罕默德·阿布都</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E8%BF%88%E5%8B%92%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%AF%8C%E6%B1%97%E5%B0%BC" title="贾迈勒丁·阿富汗尼">賈邁勒丁·阿富汗尼</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="卡齊·侯賽因·艾哈邁德" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Qazi Hussain Ahmad"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E9%BD%8A%C2%B7%E4%BE%AF%E8%B3%BD%E5%9B%A0%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E5%93%88%E9%82%81%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡齊·侯賽因·艾哈邁德（页面不存在）">卡齊·侯賽因·艾哈邁德</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qazi_Hussain_Ahmad" class="extiw" title="en:Qazi Hussain Ahmad"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Qazi Hussain Ahmad</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆罕默德·纳西鲁丁·阿尔巴尼" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E7%BA%B3%E8%A5%BF%E9%B2%81%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆罕默德·纳西鲁丁·阿尔巴尼（页面不存在）">穆罕默德·纳西鲁丁·阿尔巴尼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Nasiruddin_al-Albani" class="extiw" title="en:Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆罕默德·阿薩德" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Muhammad Asad"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E8%96%A9%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆罕默德·阿薩德（页面不存在）">穆罕默德·阿薩德</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Asad" class="extiw" title="en:Muhammad Asad"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Muhammad Asad</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%A1%91%C2%B7%E7%8F%AD%E7%B4%8D" title="哈桑·班納">哈桑·班納</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E5%8A%AA%E5%B8%8C" title="拉希德·加努希">拉希德·加努希</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="薩夫瓦特·赫加茲" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Safwat Hegazi"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%A9%E5%A4%AB%E7%93%A6%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%B5%AB%E5%8A%A0%E8%8C%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薩夫瓦特·赫加茲（页面不存在）">薩夫瓦特·赫加茲</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safwat_Hegazi" class="extiw" title="en:Safwat Hegazi"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Safwat Hegazi</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E5%85%8B%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92" title="穆罕默德·伊克巴勒">穆罕默德·伊克巴勒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E6%A2%85%E5%85%A7%E4%BC%8A" title="阿里·哈梅內伊">阿里·哈梅內伊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E9%9C%8D%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E8%90%A8%E7%BB%B4%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E6%A2%85%E5%B0%BC" title="鲁霍拉·穆萨维·霍梅尼">鲁霍拉·穆萨维·霍梅尼</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="內吉普·法齊爾·克薩庫雷克" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Necip Fazıl Kısakürek"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A7%E5%90%89%E6%99%AE%C2%B7%E6%B3%95%E9%BD%8A%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E8%96%A9%E5%BA%AB%E9%9B%B7%E5%85%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="內吉普·法齊爾·克薩庫雷克（页面不存在）">內吉普·法齊爾·克薩庫雷克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necip_Faz%C4%B1l_K%C4%B1sak%C3%BCrek" class="extiw" title="en:Necip Fazıl Kısakürek"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Necip Fazıl Kısakürek</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E6%AF%9B%E6%9D%9C%E8%BF%AA" title="阿布·阿拉·毛杜迪">阿布·阿拉·毛杜迪</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿布·哈桑·阿里·哈薩尼·納德維" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abul Hasan Nadwi"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E6%A1%91%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E8%96%A9%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E7%B4%8D%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿布·哈桑·阿里·哈薩尼·納德維（页面不存在）">阿布·哈桑·阿里·哈薩尼·納德維</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abul_Hasan_Nadwi" class="extiw" title="en:Abul Hasan Nadwi"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abul Hasan Nadwi</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%9F%BA%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E7%BA%B3%E5%8D%9C%E5%93%88%E5%B0%BC" title="塔基丁·纳卜哈尼">塔基丁·納卜哈尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%98%E7%B4%A0%E7%A6%8F%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E7%83%AD%E8%BE%BE%E7%BB%B4" title="优素福·卡热达维">優素福·卡熱達維</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%9B%E4%B9%89%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%BA%93%E7%89%B9%E5%B8%83" title="赛义德·库特布">賽義德·庫特布</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E9%A9%AC%E4%B8%B9" title="塔里克·拉马丹">塔里克·拉馬丹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A1%94%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E4%BB%80%E5%A1%94" title="阿塔·阿布·拉什塔">阿塔·阿布·拉什塔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%87%8C%E8%BE%BE" title="穆罕默德·拉希德·里达">穆罕默德·拉希德·里達</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E7%93%A6%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E8%96%A9%E6%B3%95%E7%B6%AD" title="納瓦布·薩法維">納瓦布·薩法維</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E6%B2%99%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E8%92%82" title="阿里·沙里亚蒂">阿里·沙里亞蒂</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈吉·沙里亞圖拉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Haji Shariatullah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E5%90%89%C2%B7%E6%B2%99%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9E%E5%9C%96%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈吉·沙里亞圖拉（页面不存在）">哈吉·沙里亞圖拉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haji_Shariatullah" class="extiw" title="en:Haji Shariatullah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Haji Shariatullah</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%A1%91%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E5%9B%BE%E6%8B%89%E6%AF%94" title="哈桑·阿卜杜拉·图拉比">哈桑·阿卜杜拉·圖拉比</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%93%88%E8%BF%88%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E4%BA%9A%E8%BE%9B" title="艾哈迈德·亚辛">艾哈迈德·亚辛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92%C2%B7%E7%93%A6%E5%93%88%E5%8D%9C" title="穆罕默德·伊本·阿卜杜勒·瓦哈卜">穆罕默德·伊本·阿卜杜勒·瓦哈卜</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#CEF2CE;;background:#E6FFE6;padding:0.2em;">批評</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="對伊斯蘭主義的批評" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Criticism of Islamism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8D%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E7%9A%84%E6%89%B9%E8%A9%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="對伊斯蘭主義的批評（页面不存在）">對伊斯蘭主義的批評</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_Islamism" class="extiw" title="en:Criticism of Islamism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Criticism of Islamism</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8D%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E6%89%B9%E8%A9%95" title="對伊斯蘭教的批評">對伊斯蘭教的批評</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教內部的自由主義與進步主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Liberalism and progressivism within Islam"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E5%85%A7%E9%83%A8%E7%9A%84%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E8%88%87%E9%80%B2%E6%AD%A5%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教內部的自由主義與進步主義（页面不存在）">伊斯蘭教內部的自由運動與改革運動</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberalism_and_progressivism_within_Islam" class="extiw" title="en:Liberalism and progressivism within Islam"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Liberalism and progressivism within Islam</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="歐洲伊斯蘭教的自由主義與進步主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Liberal and progressive Islam in Europe"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E8%88%87%E9%80%B2%E6%AD%A5%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="歐洲伊斯蘭教的自由主義與進步主義（页面不存在）">歐洲</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_and_progressive_Islam_in_Europe" class="extiw" title="en:Liberal and progressive Islam in Europe"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Liberal and progressive Islam in Europe</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="北美伊斯蘭教的自由主義與進步主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Liberal and progressive Islam in North America"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E7%BE%8E%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E8%88%87%E9%80%B2%E6%AD%A5%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北美伊斯蘭教的自由主義與進步主義（页面不存在）">北美</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_and_progressive_Islam_in_North_America" class="extiw" title="en:Liberal and progressive Islam in North America"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Liberal and progressive Islam in North America</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈立德·阿布·法德爾" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Khaled Abu al-Fadl"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E7%AB%8B%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%B7%E7%88%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈立德·阿布·法德爾（页面不存在）">哈立德·阿布·法德爾</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khaled_Abu_al-Fadl" class="extiw" title="en:Khaled Abu al-Fadl"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Khaled Abu al-Fadl</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="法拉格·福達" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Farag Foda"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E6%8B%89%E6%A0%BC%C2%B7%E7%A6%8F%E9%81%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="法拉格·福達（页面不存在）">法拉格·福達</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farag_Foda" class="extiw" title="en:Farag Foda"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Farag Foda</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿卜杜勒瓦哈卜·梅德布" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abdelwahab Meddeb"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92%E7%93%A6%E5%93%88%E5%8D%9C%C2%B7%E6%A2%85%E5%BE%B7%E5%B8%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿卜杜勒瓦哈卜·梅德布（页面不存在）">阿卜杜勒瓦哈卜·梅德布</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdelwahab_Meddeb" class="extiw" title="en:Abdelwahab Meddeb"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abdelwahab Meddeb</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="瑪麗亞姆·納馬齊" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Maryam Namazie"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%91%AA%E9%BA%97%E4%BA%9E%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E7%B4%8D%E9%A6%AC%E9%BD%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="瑪麗亞姆·納馬齊（页面不存在）">瑪麗亞姆·納馬齊</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryam_Namazie" class="extiw" title="en:Maryam Namazie"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Maryam Namazie</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%90%89%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%82%A3%E7%93%A6%E5%85%B9" title="马吉德·那瓦兹">馬吉德·那瓦茲</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="奧利維爾·羅伊" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Olivier Roy (professor)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A7%E5%88%A9%E7%B6%AD%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奧利維爾·羅伊（页面不存在）">奧利維爾·羅伊</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olivier_Roy_(professor)" class="extiw" title="en:Olivier Roy (professor)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Olivier Roy (professor)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴薩姆·蒂比" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bassam Tibi"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E8%96%A9%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E8%92%82%E6%AF%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴薩姆·蒂比（页面不存在）">巴薩姆·蒂比</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bassam_Tibi" class="extiw" title="en:Bassam Tibi"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bassam Tibi</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#CEF2CE;;background:#E6FFE6;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="Category:伊斯兰教">相關主題</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教與現代性" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Islam and modernity"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教與現代性（页面不存在）">伊斯蘭教與現代性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_and_modernity" class="extiw" title="en:Islam and modernity"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Islam and modernity</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="伊斯兰现代主义">伊斯蘭現代主義</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教與其他宗教" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Islam and other religions"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%85%B6%E4%BB%96%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教與其他宗教（页面不存在）">伊斯蘭教與其他宗教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_and_other_religions" class="extiw" title="en:Islam and other religions"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Islam and other religions</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%81%90%E6%83%A7%E7%97%87" title="伊斯兰恐惧症">伊斯兰恐惧症</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Allah-green.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/15px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/23px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/31px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:伊斯蘭教">伊斯蘭教主题</a> </p> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/32px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="Portal:政治">政治主题</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6;padding-right:0.2em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E5%81%B4%E9%82%8A%E6%AC%84" title="Template:伊斯蘭主義側邊欄"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E5%81%B4%E9%82%8A%E6%AC%84" title="Template talk:伊斯蘭主義側邊欄"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E5%81%B4%E9%82%8A%E6%AC%84" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:伊斯蘭主義側邊欄"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>伊斯兰主义</b>（阿拉伯语：<span lang="ar" dir="rtl">الاسلامية</span>‎）是指一种主张<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯兰">伊斯兰</a>不仅仅是<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E4%BF%A1%E4%BB%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="宗教信仰">宗教信仰</a>，而且是一套<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E4%BD%93%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="政治体制">政治体制</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E8%AF%86%E5%BD%A2%E6%80%81" class="mw-redirect" title="意识形态">意识形态</a>。 </p><p>客观地描述，伊斯兰主义是一股综合了宗教和“反现代化”并带有愤怒情节的思潮，它透过把现存的诸多意识形态的要素整合起来，而迅速兴起。伊斯兰主义脱胎于13世纪发端的<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E6%8B%89%E8%8F%B2%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="萨拉菲运动">赛莱菲耶（Salafiyya）运动</a>，或称之为<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%8E%9F%E6%95%99%E6%97%A8%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="伊斯兰原教旨主义">伊斯兰原教旨主义</a>。随着1979年的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="伊朗革命">伊朗革命</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%AF%8C%E6%B1%97%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89_(1979%E5%B9%B4)" class="mw-redirect" title="阿富汗战争 (1979年)">阿富汗战争</a>，伊斯兰主义得到迅猛发展<sup id="cite_ref-PS_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>伊斯兰主义呼吁现代的穆斯林去他们的宗教信仰中寻根，并且在政治上统一思想。伊斯兰主义一词实际上因定义不同而存在争议。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="伊斯兰主义的内容与兴起"><span id=".E4.BC.8A.E6.96.AF.E5.85.B0.E4.B8.BB.E4.B9.89.E7.9A.84.E5.86.85.E5.AE.B9.E4.B8.8E.E5.85.B4.E8.B5.B7"></span>伊斯兰主义的内容与兴起</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：伊斯兰主义的内容与兴起"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_public_demonstration_calling_for_Sharia_Islamic_Law_in_Maldives_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/A_public_demonstration_calling_for_Sharia_Islamic_Law_in_Maldives_2014.jpg/300px-A_public_demonstration_calling_for_Sharia_Islamic_Law_in_Maldives_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/A_public_demonstration_calling_for_Sharia_Islamic_Law_in_Maldives_2014.jpg/450px-A_public_demonstration_calling_for_Sharia_Islamic_Law_in_Maldives_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/A_public_demonstration_calling_for_Sharia_Islamic_Law_in_Maldives_2014.jpg/600px-A_public_demonstration_calling_for_Sharia_Islamic_Law_in_Maldives_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>2014年在马尔代夫举行的一次游行，呼吁伊斯兰教法</figcaption></figure> <p>领导性的伊斯兰主义思想家强调<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E6%B3%95%E8%A7%84" class="mw-redirect" title="沙里亚法规">沙里亚法规</a>对穆斯林的重要性，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%9B%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="泛伊斯蘭主義">泛伊斯兰主义</a>政治统一的重要性，消除非穆斯林（尤其是<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%B9%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="西方世界">西方世界</a>）对<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯兰世界">伊斯兰世界</a>在军事、经济、政治、社会或者文化上的影响性，他们认为两者不可调和<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>伊斯兰主义者认为，以美国为首的西方，腐蚀了伊斯兰道德和文化，将伊斯兰地区变得经济至上（石油贸易），并窃取了伊斯兰圣地（<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E8%B7%AF%E6%92%92%E5%86%B7" title="耶路撒冷">耶路撒冷</a>）。这种情况的起因部分可以追溯到基督徒和穆斯林之间长达千年的敌意，也部分归因于伊斯兰世界在现代化进程中的挫折。伊斯兰主义的兴起，与快速增长的人口、庞大的失业人群有关，也是对穆斯林国家内部腐败和乱政现象的回应。<sup id="cite_ref-PS_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>伊斯兰主义与<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="民族主义">民族主义</a>类似，但是在穆斯林国家，政治往往与宗教纠缠在一起。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" title="清真寺">清真寺</a>体系与政府体系是合而为一的。伊斯兰先知<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7" title="穆罕默德">穆罕默德</a>将伊斯兰世界定义成为一个统一的社会（Umma），并把它作为国家进行崇拜。因此，本•拉登和他的追随者们对<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" class="mw-disambig" title="巴勒斯坦">巴勒斯坦</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B" title="伊拉克">伊拉克</a>各自的民族主义并不感兴趣，除非能使这些民族主义成为他们建立穆斯林帝国的工具。<sup id="cite_ref-PS_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>伊斯兰主义者试图清除美国的影响，摧毁以色列，接管所有穆斯林国家政权，直至整个世界泛伊斯兰化。到那时，将会出现一个纯洁的伊斯兰世界，共享那些目前高度集中在少数腐败统治者手中的财富。伴随着狂热与不妥协，伊斯兰主义又与<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%90%E6%80%96%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="恐怖主义">恐怖主义</a>紧紧结合在一起。少数穆斯林国家——比如<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="巴基斯坦">巴基斯坦</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%89%B9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF" title="沙特阿拉伯">沙特阿拉伯</a>等——对伊斯兰主义者感到恐惧，并试图控制他们。<sup id="cite_ref-PS_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="缺陷"><span id=".E7.BC.BA.E9.99.B7"></span>缺陷</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：缺陷"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>政治学者迈克尔·G·罗斯金认为伊斯兰主义存在着一些缺陷：<sup id="cite_ref-PS_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>伊斯兰世界被分离成<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%8A%E5%B0%BC%E6%B4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="逊尼派">逊尼派</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%80%E5%8F%B6%E6%B4%BE" title="什叶派">什叶派</a>两个分支。逊尼派是伊斯兰的主要流派，占全球穆斯林總數的近九成，十分轻视和怀疑统治着<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97" title="伊朗">伊朗</a>、伊拉克部分地区、沙特阿拉伯、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9" title="黎巴嫩">黎巴嫩</a>等地的什叶派。</li> <li>伊斯兰主义未对经济问题提出任何主张，在民生方面束手无策，难以提供足够的食物，2001年与美军发生冲突的阿富汗<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%88%A9%E7%8F%AD" title="塔利班">塔利班</a>政权就是一个例证。</li> <li>最重要的，许多穆斯林仍对伊斯兰主义持否定态度，穆斯林极端份子对穆斯林任意地惩罚与屠杀，使得许多穆斯林开始对抗它。</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="关于伊斯兰主义含义的争议"><span id=".E5.85.B3.E4.BA.8E.E4.BC.8A.E6.96.AF.E5.85.B0.E4.B8.BB.E4.B9.89.E5.90.AB.E4.B9.89.E7.9A.84.E4.BA.89.E8.AE.AE"></span>关于伊斯兰主义含义的争议</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：关于伊斯兰主义含义的争议"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>某些观察者认为伊斯兰主义信条并不严格，可以被定义为一种认同政治，即“支持（穆斯林）的身份、可信度、增大区域主义、布道和社区的改善”<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>许多被称为伊斯兰主义者的人反对这个词语的使用，并声明他们的政治信仰和目标仅仅是对伊斯兰信仰的一种表现。同样的，一些学家支持用词语“伊斯兰积极分子”（<span lang="en">activist Islam</span>）<sup id="cite_ref-ICG_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICG-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>或者“政治伊斯兰”（<span lang="en">political Islam</span>）来代替<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="代表人物"><span id=".E4.BB.A3.E8.A1.A8.E4.BA.BA.E7.89.A9"></span>代表人物</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：代表人物"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>现代具有代表性的伊斯兰主义者包括<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E8%BF%88%E5%8B%92%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%AF%8C%E6%B1%97%E5%B0%BC" title="贾迈勒丁·阿富汗尼">賈邁勒丁·阿富汗尼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%BD%E7%BE%A9%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%BA%AB%E7%89%B9%E5%8D%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="賽義德·庫特卜">赛义德·库特卜</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%A1%91%C2%B7%E7%8F%AD%E7%B4%8D" title="哈桑·班納">哈桑·班纳</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E6%AF%9B%E6%9D%9C%E8%BF%AA" title="阿布·阿拉·毛杜迪">阿布·阿拉·毛杜迪</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%94%E5%B1%85%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94-%E7%BA%B3%E5%8D%9C%E5%93%88%E5%B0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="塔居丁·阿尔-纳卜哈尼（页面不存在）">塔居丁·阿尔-纳卜哈尼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%98%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%9C%96%E6%8B%89" class="mw-redirect" title="大阿亞圖拉">大阿亚图拉</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E6%A2%85%E5%B0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="霍梅尼">霍梅尼</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E6%9D%B0%E6%99%AE%C2%B7%E5%A1%94%E4%BC%8A%E6%99%AE%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%9A%E5%AE%89" title="雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安">雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="引用"><span id=".E5.BC.95.E7.94.A8"></span>引用</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：引用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-PS-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PS_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PS_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PS_1-2"><sup><b>1.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PS_1-3"><sup><b>1.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PS_1-4"><sup><b>1.4</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Political Science</i> 第12版，Michael G. Roskin 著，PEARSON 出版，<a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9780205075942" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9780205075942</a>。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.carlisle.army.mil/usawc/Parameters/07spring/eikmeier.htm">Qutbism: An Ideology of Islamic-Fascism</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20070609000000/http://www.carlisle.army.mil/usawc/Parameters/07spring/eikmeier.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） by DALE C. EIKMEIER From <i>Parameters</i>, Spring 2007, pp. 85-98.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fuller, Graham E., <i>The Future of Political Islam</i>, Palgrave MacMillan, (2003), p.21</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ICG-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ICG_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Understanding Islamism", International Crisis Group, <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130307123849/http://merln.ndu.edu/archive/icg/Islamism2Mar05.pdf">存档副本</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-03-25</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://merln.ndu.edu/archive/icg/Islamism2Mar05.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2013-03-07）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmerln.ndu.edu%2Farchive%2Ficg%2FIslamism2Mar05.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated2_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nybooks.com/articles/4557">Islamic republic</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20100408105440/http://www.nybooks.com/articles/4557">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） by Bernard Lewis</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pwhce.org/islamism.html">Trevor Stanley, Definition: Islamism, Islamist, Islamiste, Islamicist, Perspectives on World History and Current Events, July 2005. URL: http://www.pwhce.org/islamism.html Downloaded: 11 June 2007</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2011-08-06</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151213004916/http://www.pwhce.org/islamism.html">存档</a>于2015-12-13）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&rft.btitle=Trevor+Stanley%2C+Definition%3A+Islamism%2C+Islamist%2C+Islamiste%2C+Islamicist%2C+Perspectives+on+World+History+and+Current+Events%2C+July+2005.+URL%3A+http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pwhce.org%2Fislamism.html+Downloaded%3A+11+June+2007&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pwhce.org%2Fislamism.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">外部链接存在于<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#param_has_ext_link" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/may/05/turkey-eu-refugees-deal-may-be-biggest-casualty-of-erdogan-supremacy">Turkey-EU refugees deal may be biggest casualty of Erdoğan supremacy</a>. The Guardian. 2016-05-05 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-05-27</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160602145638/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/may/05/turkey-eu-refugees-deal-may-be-biggest-casualty-of-erdogan-supremacy">存档</a>于2016-06-02）. <q>Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, the authoritarian, neo-Islamist president</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&rft.atitle=Turkey-EU+refugees+deal+may+be+biggest+casualty+of+Erdo%C4%9Fan+supremacy&rft.date=2016-05-05&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2016%2Fmay%2F05%2Fturkey-eu-refugees-deal-may-be-biggest-casualty-of-erdogan-supremacy&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/may/15/jed-babbin-david-camerons-brexit-sausage/?page=all">David Cameron's 'Brexit' sausage</a>. Washington Times. 2016-05-15. <q>Turkey’s Islamist President Recip Erdogan</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&rft.atitle=David+Cameron%27s+%27Brexit%27+sausage&rft.date=2016-05-15&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtontimes.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2Fmay%2F15%2Fjed-babbin-david-camerons-brexit-sausage%2F%3Fpage%3Dall&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="来源"><span id=".E6.9D.A5.E6.BA.90"></span>来源</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：来源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>书籍</dt></dl> <ul><li><i>Political Science</i> 第12版，Michael G. Roskin 著，PEARSON 出版，<a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9780205075942" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9780205075942</a>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px"> <ul style="display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9);font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-weight:bold"> <li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/27px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/40px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/54px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></span></span></span><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="Portal:伊斯兰教">伊斯兰教主题</a></span></li> <li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" 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title="Template:伊斯蘭教主題"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E4%B8%BB%E9%A1%8C" title="Template talk:伊斯蘭教主題"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E4%B8%BB%E9%A1%8C" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:伊斯蘭教主題"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="伊斯兰教主題" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="伊斯兰教">伊斯兰教</a>主題</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8%E6%B4%BE%E5%88%A5" title="伊斯蘭教神學派別">信仰</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E7%A5%9E" title="伊斯兰教的神">伊斯蘭教的神</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%8D%E4%B8%BB%E5%AD%B8" title="認主學">認主學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7" title="穆罕默德">穆罕默德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E5%85%88%E7%9F%A5" title="伊斯蘭教的先知">先知</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%BF" title="伊斯兰教中的天使">天使</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%81%96%E6%9B%B8" title="伊斯蘭教聖書">聖書</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E5%AE%BF%E5%91%BD%E8%AB%96" title="伊斯蘭教宿命論">宿命</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="審判日 (伊斯蘭教)" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="يوم القيامة في الإسلام"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%A9%E5%88%A4%E6%97%A5_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="審判日 (伊斯蘭教)（页面不存在）">審判日</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" class="extiw" title="ar:يوم القيامة في الإسلام"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">يوم القيامة في الإسلام</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%8A%9F" title="五功">五功</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80" title="清真言">清真言</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BC%E6%8B%9C_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99)" title="礼拜 (伊斯兰教)">禮拜</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8B%E6%88%92_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99)" title="齋戒 (伊斯蘭教)">齋戒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E8%AA%B2" title="天課">天課</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E8%A7%90_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99)" title="朝觐 (伊斯兰教)">朝覲</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="伊斯兰教历史">歷史</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E9%A0%98%E8%A2%96" title="伊斯蘭教宗教領袖">領袖</a></li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="伊斯蘭教歷史年表">年表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E7%9A%84%E5%BE%81%E6%9C%8D" title="穆斯林的征服">征服</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E9%BB%83%E9%87%91%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" title="伊斯蘭黃金時代">伊斯蘭黃金時代</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E8%A3%94" title="聖裔">聖裔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E5%93%88%E5%B7%B4" title="薩哈巴">薩哈巴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E7%91%AA%E7%9B%AE%E6%95%99%E7%BE%A9" title="伊瑪目教義">什葉派伊瑪目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC%E5%9C%8B" title="哈里發國">哈里發國</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E7%BB%9F%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" title="正统哈里发时期">正統哈里發</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AD%E9%A9%AC%E4%BA%9A%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="倭马亚王朝">倭马亚王朝</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="阿拔斯王朝">阿拔斯王朝</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%9A%E7%93%A6%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91%E5%9B%BD" title="科尔多瓦哈里发国">後倭馬亞王朝</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%92%82%E7%8E%9B%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="法蒂玛王朝">法蒂玛王朝</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="奥斯曼帝国">奥斯曼帝国</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教早期史學史" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="علم التاريخ عند المسلمين"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%97%A9%E6%9C%9F%E5%8F%B2%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教早期史學史（页面不存在）">史學史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86" class="extiw" title="ar:علم التاريخ عند المسلمين"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">علم التاريخ عند المسلمين</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em">宗教經典</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B0%E7%BB%8F" title="古兰经">古兰经</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E8%A1%8C" title="聖行">聖行</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E8%A8%93" title="聖訓">聖訓</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%B4%BE" title="伊斯蘭教派">教派</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%9C%E5%B0%BC%E6%B4%BE" title="遜尼派">遜尼派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%80%E5%8F%B6%E6%B4%BE" title="什叶派">什叶派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E9%9D%9E%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="蘇非主義">蘇非主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%B5%AB%E9%82%81%E5%BA%95%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="阿赫邁底亞">阿赫邁底亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%B7%B4%E5%BE%B7%E6%B4%BE" title="伊巴德派">伊巴德派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%AF%E7%8D%A8%E5%8F%A4%E8%98%AD%E7%B6%93" title="唯獨古蘭經">唯獨古蘭經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%95%99%E6%B4%BE%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97" title="无教派穆斯林">無教派穆斯林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" title="伊斯兰民族">伊斯蘭民族</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="穆斯林世界">生活</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="伊斯兰文化">文化</a></li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" title="伊斯蘭教與動物">動物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93" title="伊斯蘭藝術">藝術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%9B%86" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯蘭曆">曆法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%85%92%E7%AB%A5" title="伊斯蘭教與兒童">兒童</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%AF%80%E6%97%A5" title="伊斯蘭教節日">節日</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" title="清真寺">清真寺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%AD%B8%E6%A0%A1" title="伊斯蘭學校">伊斯蘭學校</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6" title="伊斯兰哲学">哲学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="伊斯兰教与政治">政治</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="伊斯蘭教與科學">科學</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9A%84%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="中世紀伊斯蘭世界的科學">中世紀</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A9%A6%E5%A5%B3%E8%88%87%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99" title="婦女與伊斯蘭教">婦女</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="各国伊斯兰教">各国伊斯兰教</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="法律法學" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95" title="伊斯蘭教法">法律</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%B8" title="伊斯蘭教法學">法學</a></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="伊斯兰经济">經濟</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E9%8A%80%E8%A1%8C" title="伊斯蘭銀行">銀行</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭經濟史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of Islamic economics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭經濟史（页面不存在）">經濟史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Islamic_economics" class="extiw" title="en:History of Islamic economics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of Islamic economics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%82%B5%E5%88%B8" title="伊斯蘭債券">債券</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭保險" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="تكافل"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%BF%9D%E9%9A%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭保險（页面不存在）">保險</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%84" class="extiw" title="ar:تكافل"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">تكافل</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆拉巴哈" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="مرابحة"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E6%8B%89%E5%B7%B4%E5%93%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆拉巴哈（页面不存在）">成本加利潤融資</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:مرابحة"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">مرابحة</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%B4" title="里巴">利息</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭淨禮" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="الطهارة في الإسلام"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%B7%A8%E7%A6%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭淨禮（页面不存在）">衛生</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" class="extiw" title="ar:الطهارة في الإسلام"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">الطهارة في الإسلام</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="大淨" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="غسل (إسلام)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E6%B7%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大淨（页面不存在）">大淨</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%B3%D9%84_(%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85)" class="extiw" title="ar:غسل (إسلام)"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">غسل (إسلام)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="咀嚼棒" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="سواك"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%92%80%E5%9A%BC%E6%A3%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="咀嚼棒（页面不存在）">咀嚼棒</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%83" class="extiw" title="ar:سواك"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">سواك</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E6%B4%81_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99)" class="mw-redirect" title="不洁 (伊斯兰教)">不潔</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="代淨" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="تيمم"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A3%E6%B7%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="代淨（页面不存在）">代淨</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%85" class="extiw" title="ar:تيمم"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">تيمم</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%A6%82%E5%BB%81%E7%A6%AE%E5%84%80" title="伊斯蘭如廁禮儀">如廁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E6%B7%A8" title="小淨">小淨</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭家事法" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Islamic family jurisprudence"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%AE%B6%E4%BA%8B%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭家事法（页面不存在）">家事</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_family_jurisprudence" class="extiw" title="en:Islamic family jurisprudence"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Islamic family jurisprudence</span></a></span>）</span></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%A9%9A%E5%A7%BB%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%B8" title="伊斯蘭婚姻法學">婚姻</a></li><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="性與伊斯蘭教" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="فقه النكاح"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A7%E8%88%87%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="性與伊斯蘭教（页面不存在）">性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AD" class="extiw" title="ar:فقه النكاح"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">فقه النكاح</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈亞" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="حياء"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E4%BA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈亞（页面不存在）">廉恥</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1" class="extiw" title="ar:حياء"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">حياء</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭婚約" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="عقد الزواج في الإسلام"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%A9%9A%E7%B4%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭婚約（页面不存在）">婚約</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AC_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" class="extiw" title="ar:عقد الزواج في الإسلام"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">عقد الزواج في الإسلام</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E4%BA%A5%E7%88%BE" title="麥亥爾">麥亥爾</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="馬然" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="محرم (إسلام)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E7%84%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬然（页面不存在）">馬然</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%85_(%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85)" class="extiw" title="ar:محرم (إسلام)"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">محرم (إسلام)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%A9%9A%E5%A7%BB%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%B8" title="伊斯蘭婚姻法學">終身婚姻</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%81%E5%AF%86%E4%B8%B4%E6%97%B6%E5%A9%9A%E5%A7%BB" title="私密临时婚姻">臨時婚姻</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A%E7%B4%8D_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99)" title="齊納 (伊斯蘭教)">非法性行為</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="成年 (伊斯蘭教)" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="بلوغ (إسلام)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%90%E5%B9%B4_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="成年 (伊斯蘭教)（页面不存在）">成年</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D8%BA_(%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85)" class="extiw" title="ar:بلوغ (إسلام)"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">بلوغ (إسلام)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%88%91%E4%BA%8B%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%B8" title="伊斯蘭刑事法學">刑事</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="清真屠宰" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="ذبح حلال"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%B1%A0%E5%AE%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清真屠宰（页面不存在）">清真屠宰</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B0%D8%A8%D8%AD_%D8%AD%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84" class="extiw" title="ar:ذبح حلال"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">ذبح حلال</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%90%E7%B1%B3" title="齐米">齊米</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B" title="塔拉克">離婚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%A6%E5%90%88%E6%95%99%E8%A6%8F%E7%9A%84%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99)" title="符合教規的食物 (伊斯蘭教)">飲食</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教倫理" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="أخلاق إسلامية"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E5%80%AB%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教倫理（页面不存在）">倫理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:أخلاق إسلامية"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">أخلاق إسلامية</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E9%81%94%E5%8D%9C" title="艾達卜">禮儀</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="麦希尔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Maisir"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BA%A6%E5%B8%8C%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="麦希尔（页面不存在）">賭博</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maisir" class="extiw" title="en:Maisir"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Maisir</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="性別隔離與伊斯蘭教" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="حكم الاختلاط في الإسلام"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E9%9A%94%E9%9B%A2%E8%88%87%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="性別隔離與伊斯蘭教（页面不存在）">性別隔離</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B7_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" class="extiw" title="ar:حكم الاختلاط في الإسلام"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">حكم الاختلاط في الإسلام</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BC%E6%8B%9C_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99)" title="礼拜 (伊斯兰教)">尊稱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E7%B9%BC%E6%89%BF%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%B8" title="伊斯蘭繼承法學">繼承</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E8%8C%B2%E4%BA%9E" title="吉茲亞">吉茲亞</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭領導權" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Islamic leadership"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E9%A0%98%E5%B0%8E%E6%AC%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭領導權（页面不存在）">領導權</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_leadership" class="extiw" title="en:Islamic leadership"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Islamic leadership</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%A5%B4%E9%9A%B8" title="伊斯蘭教與奴隸">奴隸</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭軍事法學" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="فقه عسكري إسلامي"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭軍事法學（页面不存在）">軍事</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87_%D8%B9%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A" class="extiw" title="ar:فقه عسكري إسلامي"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">فقه عسكري إسلامي</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span style="font-size:smaller;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="戰俘與伊斯蘭教" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Prisoners of war in Islam"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%B0%E4%BF%98%E8%88%87%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="戰俘與伊斯蘭教（页面不存在）">戰俘</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prisoners_of_war_in_Islam" class="extiw" title="en:Prisoners of war in Islam"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Prisoners of war in Islam</span></a></span>）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教法源" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="مصادر التشريع الإسلامي"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教法源（页面不存在）">法源</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A" class="extiw" title="ar:مصادر التشريع الإسلامي"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">مصادر التشريع الإسلامي</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="依巴代" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="العبادة في الإسلام"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BE%9D%E5%B7%B4%E4%BB%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="依巴代（页面不存在）">宗教禮儀法學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" class="extiw" title="ar:العبادة في الإسلام"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">العبادة في الإسلام</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span style="font-size:smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E4%B9%89%E5%AD%A6" title="伊斯兰教义学">教義學</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="_伊斯蘭研究" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><span style="padding-left: 2.5em;"> </span><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯蘭研究">伊斯蘭研究</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93" title="伊斯蘭藝術">藝術</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E7%B4%8B%E6%A8%A3" title="阿拉伯紋樣">阿拉伯式花紋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89" title="伊斯蘭建築">建築</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B9%A6%E6%B3%95" title="伊斯兰书法">書法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97" title="伊斯蘭園林">園林</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭幾何圖形" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="زخارف هندسية إسلامية"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%B9%BE%E4%BD%95%E5%9C%96%E5%BD%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭幾何圖形（页面不存在）">幾何圖形</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%81_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:زخارف هندسية إسلامية"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">زخارف هندسية إسلامية</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭音樂" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="الموسيقى في الإسلام"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭音樂（页面不存在）">音樂</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%89_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" class="extiw" title="ar:الموسيقى في الإسلام"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">الموسيقى في الإسلام</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭陶器" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="خزف إسلامي"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E9%99%B6%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭陶器（页面不存在）">陶器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B2%D9%81_%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A" class="extiw" title="ar:خزف إسلامي"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">خزف إسلامي</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9A%84%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="中世紀伊斯蘭世界的科學">中世紀科學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="中世紀伊斯蘭世界的煉金術" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="الخيمياء والكيمياء في عصر الحضارة الإسلامية"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9A%84%E7%85%89%E9%87%91%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中世紀伊斯蘭世界的煉金術（页面不存在）">煉金術及化學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:الخيمياء والكيمياء في عصر الحضارة الإسلامية"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">الخيمياء والكيمياء في عصر الحضارة الإسلامية</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8F%A4%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="中古伊斯蘭天文學">天文學</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="中世紀伊斯蘭世界的宇宙學" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="علم الكونيات في عصر الحضارة الإسلامية"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中世紀伊斯蘭世界的宇宙學（页面不存在）">宇宙學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:علم الكونيات في عصر الحضارة الإسلامية"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">علم الكونيات في عصر الحضارة الإسلامية</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="中世紀伊斯蘭世界的地理與地圖學" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="الجغرافيا في عصر الحضارة الإسلامية"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E8%88%87%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中世紀伊斯蘭世界的地理與地圖學（页面不存在）">地理與地圖學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:الجغرافيا في عصر الحضارة الإسلامية"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">الجغرافيا في عصر الحضارة الإسلامية</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E9%BB%83%E9%87%91%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3%E7%9A%84%E6%95%B8%E5%AD%B8" title="伊斯蘭黃金時代的數學">數學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="中世纪伊斯兰世界的医学">醫學</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="中世紀伊斯蘭世界的物理" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="الفيزياء في عصر الحضارة الإسلامية"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9A%84%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中世紀伊斯蘭世界的物理（页面不存在）">物理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:الفيزياء في عصر الحضارة الإسلامية"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">الفيزياء في عصر الحضارة الإسلامية</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯蘭哲學">哲學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="早期伊斯蘭哲學" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="فلسفة إسلامية مبكرة"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%A9%E6%9C%9F%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="早期伊斯蘭哲學（页面不存在）">早期</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A9_%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:فلسفة إسلامية مبكرة"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">فلسفة إسلامية مبكرة</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="當代伊斯蘭哲學" data-lang-code="fa" data-lang-name="波斯語" data-foreign-title="فلسفه اسلامی معاصر"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%95%B6%E4%BB%A3%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="當代伊斯蘭哲學（页面不存在）">當代</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">波斯語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%B1" class="extiw" title="fa:فلسفه اسلامی معاصر"><span lang="fa" dir="auto">فلسفه اسلامی معاصر</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E8%AB%96" title="伊斯蘭教末世論">末世論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E4%B9%89%E5%AD%A6" title="伊斯兰教义学">教義學</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="中世紀伊斯蘭世界的占星術" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="التنجيم في الإسلام خلال العصور الوسطى"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%A0%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中世紀伊斯蘭世界的占星術（页面不存在）">占星術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%89" class="extiw" title="ar:التنجيم في الإسلام خلال العصور الوسطى"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">التنجيم في الإسلام خلال العصور الوسطى</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教與演化論" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="نظرة الإسلام للتطور"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E6%BC%94%E5%8C%96%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教與演化論（页面不存在）">演化論</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1" class="extiw" title="ar:نظرة الإسلام للتطور"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">نظرة الإسلام للتطور</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="伊斯蘭女性主義">女性主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9A%84%E7%99%BC%E6%98%8E" title="伊斯蘭世界的發明">發明</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭自由主義與進步主義" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="ليبرالية إسلامية"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E8%88%87%E9%80%B2%E6%AD%A5%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭自由主義與進步主義（页面不存在）">自由主義與進步主義</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:ليبرالية إسلامية"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">ليبرالية إسلامية</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭文學" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="أدب إسلامي"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭文學（页面不存在）">文學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%AF%D8%A8_%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A" class="extiw" title="ar:أدب إسلامي"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">أدب إسلامي</span></a></span>）</span></span>（<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭詩歌" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Islamic poetry"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E8%A9%A9%E6%AD%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭詩歌（页面不存在）">詩歌</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_poetry" class="extiw" title="en:Islamic poetry"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Islamic poetry</span></a></span>）</span></span>）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="中世紀伊斯蘭世界的心理學" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="علم النفس في عصر الحضارة الإسلامية"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9A%84%E5%BF%83%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中世紀伊斯蘭世界的心理學（页面不存在）">心理學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B3_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:علم النفس في عصر الحضارة الإسلامية"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">علم النفس في عصر الحضارة الإسلامية</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%92%E4%B9%8C%E6%AF%94%E8%80%B6" title="舒乌比耶">舒烏比耶</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="非穆斯林場所改造成清真寺" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="تحويل دور العبادة غير الإسلامية إلى مساجد"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%9E%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E5%A0%B4%E6%89%80%E6%94%B9%E9%80%A0%E6%88%90%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="非穆斯林場所改造成清真寺（页面不存在）">改造成清真寺</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AF" class="extiw" title="ar:تحويل دور العبادة غير الإسلامية إلى مساجد"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">تحويل دور العبادة غير الإسلامية إلى مساجد</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="_其他" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><span style="padding-left: 2.5em;"> </span>其他</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教與其他宗教" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="الإسلام والأديان الأخرى"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%85%B6%E4%BB%96%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教與其他宗教（页面不存在）">其他宗教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%89" class="extiw" title="ar:الإسلام والأديان الأخرى"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">الإسلام والأديان الأخرى</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82" title="伊斯蘭教與基督教關係">基督教</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教與摩門教" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="الإسلام والمورمونية"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E6%91%A9%E9%96%80%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教與摩門教（页面不存在）">摩門教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:الإسلام والمورمونية"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">الإسلام والمورمونية</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教與新教" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="البروتستانتية والإسلام"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E6%96%B0%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教與新教（页面不存在）">新教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" class="extiw" title="ar:البروتستانتية والإسلام"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">البروتستانتية والإسلام</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="印度教與伊斯蘭教" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="العلاقات الهندوسية الإسلامية"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度教與伊斯蘭教（页面不存在）">印度教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:العلاقات الهندوسية الإسلامية"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">العلاقات الهندوسية الإسلامية</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教與耆那教" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="الإسلام والجاينية"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E8%80%86%E9%82%A3%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教與耆那教（页面不存在）">耆那教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:الإسلام والجاينية"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">الإسلام والجاينية</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教與猶太教" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="الإسلام واليهودية"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教與猶太教（页面不存在）">猶太教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:الإسلام واليهودية"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">الإسلام واليهودية</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教與錫克教" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="الإسلام والسيخية"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E9%8C%AB%E5%85%8B%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教與錫克教（页面不存在）">錫克教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:الإسلام والسيخية"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">الإسلام والسيخية</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%9B%E6%95%99_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99)" title="叛教 (伊斯蘭教)">叛教</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="各國叛離伊斯蘭教的情況" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Apostasy in Islam by country"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%84%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%9B%E9%9B%A2%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E6%83%85%E6%B3%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="各國叛離伊斯蘭教的情況（页面不存在）">各國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostasy_in_Islam_by_country" class="extiw" title="en:Apostasy in Islam by country"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Apostasy in Islam by country</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="前穆斯林" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ex-Muslims"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%8D%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="前穆斯林（页面不存在）">前穆斯林</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ex-Muslims" class="extiw" title="en:Ex-Muslims"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ex-Muslims</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="前穆斯林列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of former Muslims"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%8D%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="前穆斯林列表（页面不存在）">列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_former_Muslims" class="extiw" title="en:List of former Muslims"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of former Muslims</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="前穆斯林組織" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of ex-Muslim organisations"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%8D%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="前穆斯林組織（页面不存在）">組織</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ex-Muslim_organisations" class="extiw" title="en:List of ex-Muslim organisations"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of ex-Muslim organisations</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.0em">相關主題</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8D%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E6%89%B9%E8%A9%95" title="對伊斯蘭教的批評">對伊斯蘭教的批評</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%B9%E4%BA%8E%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%E7%9A%84%E6%89%B9%E8%AF%84" title="对于穆罕默德的批评">穆罕默德</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="對古蘭經的批評" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="نقد القرآن"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8D%E5%8F%A4%E8%98%AD%E7%B6%93%E7%9A%84%E6%89%B9%E8%A9%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="對古蘭經的批評（页面不存在）">古蘭經</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A2%D9%86" class="extiw" title="ar:نقد القرآن"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">نقد القرآن</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97" title="文化穆斯林">文化穆斯林</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">伊斯蘭主義</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="對伊斯蘭主義的批評" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="نقد الإسلاموية"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8D%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E7%9A%84%E6%89%B9%E8%A9%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="對伊斯蘭主義的批評（页面不存在）">批評</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:نقد الإسلاموية"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">نقد الإسلاموية</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="後伊斯蘭主義" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="ما بعد الإسلاموية"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%8C%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="後伊斯蘭主義（页面不存在）">後伊斯蘭主義</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:ما بعد الإسلاموية"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">ما بعد الإسلاموية</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%AB%E7%89%B9%E5%B8%83%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="庫特布主義">庫特布主義</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%81%90%E6%83%A7%E7%97%87" title="伊斯兰恐惧症">伊斯兰恐惧症</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭恐懼症相關事件列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of Islamophobic incidents"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%81%90%E6%87%BC%E7%97%87%E7%9B%B8%E9%97%9C%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭恐懼症相關事件列表（页面不存在）">事件</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Islamophobic_incidents" class="extiw" title="en:List of Islamophobic incidents"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of Islamophobic incidents</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%81%90%E6%80%96%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="伊斯蘭恐怖主義">伊斯蘭恐怖主義</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教與奇跡" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Islamic view of miracles"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%A5%87%E8%B7%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教與奇跡（页面不存在）">奇跡</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_view_of_miracles" class="extiw" title="en:Islamic view of miracles"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Islamic view of miracles</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教與家庭暴力" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Islam and domestic violence"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%AE%B6%E5%BA%AD%E6%9A%B4%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教與家庭暴力（页面不存在）">家庭暴力</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_and_domestic_violence" class="extiw" title="en:Islam and domestic violence"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Islam and domestic violence</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教與護理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nursing in Islam"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E8%AD%B7%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教與護理（页面不存在）">護士</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nursing_in_Islam" class="extiw" title="en:Nursing in Islam"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nursing in Islam</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8D%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%AB%E5%AE%B3" title="對穆斯林的迫害">對穆斯林的迫害</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯蘭教象徵" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Symbols of Islam"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%B1%A1%E5%BE%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教象徵（页面不存在）">象徵</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbols_of_Islam" class="extiw" title="en:Symbols of Islam"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Symbols of Islam</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=伊斯兰主义&oldid=79625864">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=伊斯兰主义&oldid=79625864</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="Category:伊斯蘭主義">伊斯蘭主義</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8E%9F%E6%95%99%E6%97%A8%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" 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