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</ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vocabulo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vocabulo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Vocabulo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vocabulo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Esemplo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Esemplo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Esemplo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Esemplo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referentes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referentes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referentes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referentes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Spokil</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 8 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-8" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">8 linguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spokil" title="Spokil – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Spokil" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spokil" title="Spokil – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Spokil" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spokil" title="Spokil – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Spokil" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spokil" title="Spokil – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Spokil" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spokil" title="Spokil – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Spokil" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spokil" title="Spokil – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Spokil" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spokil" title="Spokil – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Spokil" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spokil" title="Spokil – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Spokil" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1335509#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edita lias interlingual" class="wbc-editpage">Edita lias</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spasios de nom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spokil" title="Regarda la paje de contenida [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Paje</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discute:Spokil&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discute sur la paje de contenida (paje no esiste) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discute</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lingua Franca Nova</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Aspetas"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spokil"><span>Leje</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spokil&veaction=edit" title="Edita esta paje [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Edita</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spokil&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edita la fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spokil&action=history" title="Revisas pasada de esta paje [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Mostra istoria</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Utiles" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Utiles</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utiles</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">asconde</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spokil"><span>Leje</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spokil&veaction=edit" title="Edita esta paje [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Edita</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spokil&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edita la fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spokil&action=history"><span>Mostra istoria</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Jeneral </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:WhatLinksHere/Spokil" title="Un lista de tota pajes de vici cual lia a esta paje [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lias a esta paje</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:RecentChangesLinked/Spokil" rel="nofollow" title="Cambias resente en pajes a cual esta paje lia [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Cambias relatada</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=lfn" title="Carga fixes [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Carga fix</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spokil&oldid=24962" title="Lia permanente a esta revisa de la paje"><span>Lia permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spokil&action=info" title="Plu informas sur esta paje"><span>Informa de paje</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:CiteThisPage&page=Spokil&id=24962&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informa sur modos de refere a esta paje"><span>Refere a esta paje</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Flfn.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSpokil"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Flfn.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSpokil"><span>Descarga codigo QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Primi/esporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Spokil"><span>Crea un libro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Spokil&action=show-download-screen"><span>Descarga como PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spokil&printable=yes" title="Varia primable de esta paje [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Varia primable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En otra projetas </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Spokil" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1335509" title="Lia a dato relatada [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Dato de Vicidatos</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspeta"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspeta</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">asconde</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De Vicipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lfn" dir="ltr"><p><b>Spokil</b> es un lingua creada par <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adolphe_Nicolas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adolphe Nicolas (paje no esiste)">Adolphe Nicolas</a>, un dotor a barcon de la Bourboule, Frans. Un volapukiste, el ia comensa labora sur spokil en 1890, e ia publici un libro sur lo.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A un confere en Paris en 1907, el ia es permeteda defende sua lingua. Otra linguas presentada a la confere inclui <a href="/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto">esperanto</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parla (paje no esiste)">parla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bolak" title="Bolak">bolak</a> ("la Langue bleue"), <a href="/wiki/Idiom_neutral" title="Idiom neutral">idiom neutral</a>, e un lingua nova introduida <a href="/wiki/Ido" title="Ido">ido</a>. </p><p>Como volapuk, spokil es un combina de "a priori" e "a posteriori", pe, lo inclui la influe de linguas real (spesial la linguas romanica e germanica) e de creas tota nova. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spele_e_pronunsia">Spele e pronunsia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spokil&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edita la parte: Spele e pronunsia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edita</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spokil&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Spele e pronunsia"><span>edita la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Spokil ave 21 leteras: a, b, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, r, s, t, u, v, z. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gramatica">Gramatica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spokil&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Edita la parte: Gramatica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edita</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spokil&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Gramatica"><span>edita la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Como esperanto, la roles de parolas ave sufisas fisada: </p> <ul><li><i>-a</i> - nomes</li> <li><i>-e</i> - infinitivas</li> <li><i>-i</i> - preposadas e juntas (derivada)</li> <li><i>-o</i> - ajetivos</li> <li><i>-u</i> - averbos</li></ul> <p>Lo ave tre articles: <i>le</i> (la), <i>ne</i> (un), e <i>me</i> (alga). </p><p>La nomes no cambia per casos. La plural es <i>-s</i>, ma lo pote es ajuntada a la nom, la article, o a otra determinantes. </p> <ul><li><i>les moda</i> = <i>le modas</i></li></ul> <p>Ajetivos no cambia. </p><p>La pronomes personal es estas: </p> <ul><li><i>Mi</i> - me</li> <li><i>Ti</i> - tu</li> <li><i>El</i> - el (mas)</li> <li><i>Ella</i> - el (fema)</li> <li><i>Ni</i> - nos</li> <li><i>Vi</i> - vos</li> <li><i>Li</i> - los (mas)</li> <li><i>Ellas</i> - los (fema)</li></ul> <p>La ajetivo de posese es formida par ajunta la sufisa per ajetivos (<i>-o</i>). La pronom de posese es formida par presede la ajetivo par la article (<i>le</i>). </p><p>Verbos no varia per person. Los ave esta sufisas per indica tempo e aspeta: </p> <ul><li><i>-e</i> - infinitivo (<i>arbe</i> = labora);</li> <li><i>-ai</i> - presente (<i>arbai</i> = labora);</li> <li><i>-ei</i> - pasada (<i>arbei</i> = ia labora);</li> <li><i>-oi</i> - futur (<i>arboi</i> = va labora);</li> <li><i>-ui</i> - ipotesal (<i>arbui</i> = ta labora);</li></ul> <p>On pote ance forma la tempo e aspeta de verbos par usa la infinitivo segueda par <i>l-</i> e la sufisas a supra: </p> <ul><li><i>arbe lai = arbai</i></li> <li><i>arbe lei = arbei</i></li> <li><i>arbe loi = arboi</i></li> <li><i>arbe lui = arbui</i></li></ul> <p>La vose pasiva es creada par ajunta la sufisa <i>-en</i> ante la sufisa per tempo o aspeta: </p> <ul><li><i>arbenai</i> - es laborada</li> <li><i>arbenei</i> - ia es laborada</li> <li><i>arbenoi</i> - va es laborada</li> <li><i>arbenui</i> - ta es laborada</li></ul> <p>La aspeta continuante es creada par ajunta la sufisa -iz ante la sufisa per tempo o aspeta: </p> <ul><li><i>arbizai</i> - es laborante</li> <li><i>arbizei</i> - ia es laborante</li> <li><i>arbizoi</i> - va es laborante</li> <li><i>arbizui</i> - ta es laborante</li></ul> <p>Ambos la vose pasiva e la aspeta continuante pote es usada con la particula l-: </p> <ul><li><i>arbenai = arbe lenai</i></li> <li><i>arbizui = arbe lizui</i></li> <li>etc</li></ul> <p>La partisipio ativa es formida como esta: </p> <ul><li><i>-iz</i> (pasada)</li> <li><i>-az</i> (presente)</li></ul> <p>La partisipio pasiva es formida par ajunta <i>-en</i>: </p> <ul><li><i>-eniz</i> (pasada)</li> <li><i>-enaz</i> (presente)</li></ul> <p>On pote usa la verbo aidante <i>de</i> (ave) per crea plu tempos e aspetas. </p><p>Comandas es formida par usa la particula <i>vi</i>: </p> <ul><li><i>arbai vi</i> - labora!</li></ul> <p>Numeros: </p> <ul><li>1 - <i>ba</i></li> <li>2 - <i>ge</i></li> <li>3 - <i>di</i></li> <li>4 - <i>vo</i></li> <li>5 - <i>mu</i></li> <li>6 - <i>fa</i></li> <li>7 - <i>te</i></li> <li>8 - <i>ki</i></li> <li>9 - <i>po</i></li> <li>10 - <i>nu</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vocabulo">Vocabulo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spokil&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Edita la parte: Vocabulo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edita</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spokil&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Vocabulo"><span>edita la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La sinifia jeneral de un parola es portada par un, du, o tre consonantes, e la sinifia plu esata par un o du vocales. Per esemplo: </p> <ul><li><i>l</i> e <i>i</i> ave roles eufonial</li> <li><i>m</i> e <i>n</i> indica oposantes, positiva e negativa</li> <li><i>r</i> sinifia la ideas de oscuria, asconde, vestes, pel, e sirca</li> <li><i>k</i> sinifia la ideas de divide, utiles, mano, pote, macina, e ante</li> <li><i>s</i> sinifia la ideas de conose, siensa, razona, pensa, serebro, e donce</li> <li><i>rb</i> - labora (<i>a<b>rb</b>eit</i>)</li> <li><i>rg</i> - enerjia (<i>e<b>rg</b></i>)</li> <li><i>rk</i> - sirculo (<i>ci<b>rc</b>le</i>)</li> <li><i>gn</i> - feu (<i>i<b>gn</b>is</i>)</li> <li><i>dr</i> - acua (<i>hy<b>dr</b>o</i>)</li> <li><i>br</i> - nuri (<i><b>br</b>ead</i>)</li> <li><i>gr</i> - primi (<i>en<b>gr</b>ave</i>)</li> <li><i>pn</i> - aira (<i><b>pn</b>eu</i>)</li> <li><i>kl</i> - brilia (<i>é<b>cl</b>at</i>)</li> <li><i>kr</i> - gera (<i><b>kr</b>ieg</i>)</li> <li><i>ktr</i> - eletrica (<i>ele<b>ctr</b>ic</i>)</li> <li><i>tr</i> - rica (<i><b>tr</b>easure</i>)</li> <li><i>fr</i> - fruta (<i><b>fr</b>uit</i>)</li> <li><i>sp</i> - parla (<i><b>sp</b>eak</i>)</li> <li><i>skr</i> - scrive (<i><b>scr</b>ive</i>)</li></ul> <p>Par ajunta vocales, on crea parolas propre: </p> <ul><li><i>ikr</i> - <i>i (modo) + kr</i> = arma</li> <li><i>ikl</i> - <i>i + kl</i> = esplodente</li> <li><i>iktr</i> - <i>i + ktr</i> = magnete</li> <li><i>istr</i> - <i>i + str</i> (viaja) = veculo</li> <li><i>mov</i> - <i>m</i> (positiva) + <i>ov</i> (tende) = ama</li> <li><i>nov</i> - <i>n</i> (negativa) + <i>ov</i> = odi</li></ul> <p>Pos esta radises, on ajunta la sufisas gramatical: </p> <ul><li><i>ab</i> - altia</li> <li><i>aba</i> - la alta</li> <li><i>abe</i> - leva a alta</li> <li><i>abi</i> - a alta</li> <li><i>abo</i> - alta</li> <li><i>abu</i> - en un modo alta</li></ul> <p>Ave ance sufisas spesial: </p> <ul><li><i>-al</i> - jeneral, un colie</li> <li><i>-el</i> - ator</li> <li><i>-il</i> - strumento</li> <li><i>-ol</i> - la fonte de un ata, la corpo, la arbor</li> <li><i>-ul</i> - la resulta de un ata, la produidas, la frutas</li> <li><i>-ella</i> - fema</li> <li><i>-inna</i> - forma peti, -eta</li></ul> <p>On pote ance crea parolas composada: </p> <ul><li><i>ga</i> (solo, tera) + <i>l</i> (per eufonia) + <i>stab</i> (nivel alta) + a (nom) = galstaba (plano alta)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Esemplo">Esemplo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spokil&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Edita la parte: Esemplo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edita</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spokil&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Esemplo"><span>edita la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <blockquote><p>Mael nio, kui vai o les zeal;<br />Aepseno lezai tio mita.<br />Veze lezai tio tsaeleda.<br />Feleno lezai tio bela,<br />uti o zeal itu o geol.<br />Demai da ni itu ebilai da gelenelas nio.<br />E no apidai ni o fismena.<br />Stu nibai ni le sfail.</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referentes">Referentes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spokil&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Edita la parte: Referentes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edita</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spokil&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Referentes"><span>edita la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nicolas, Adolphe Charles Antoine Marie (1904). <i>Spokil. Langue internationale. Grammaire, exercises, les deux dictionnaires</i>. Paris: Maloine.</span> </li> </ol> <table class="toccolours" style="clear: both;" width="100%" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="background: #ccccff;"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_creada" class="mw-redirect" title="Linguas creada">Linguas construida</a> (<a href="/wiki/Linguas_construida_(lista)" title="Linguas construida (lista)">lista</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #ddddff;"><b><a href="/wiki/Lingua_aidante_internasional" title="Lingua aidante internasional">Linguas aidante internasional</a></b> </th> <td style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="/wiki/Adjuvilo" title="Adjuvilo">adjuvilo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bolak" title="Bolak">bolak</a> • <a href="/wiki/Communicationssprache" title="Communicationssprache">communicationssprache</a> • <a href="/wiki/Engles_Basal" title="Engles Basal">engles basal</a> • <a href="/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto">esperanto</a> (<a href="/wiki/Esperantido" title="Esperantido">esperantido</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Esperanto_2" title="Esperanto 2">esperanto 2</a> • <a href="/wiki/Esperanto_reformida" title="Esperanto reformida">esperanto reformida</a> • <a href="/wiki/Globasa" title="Globasa">globasa</a> • <a href="/wiki/Glosa" title="Glosa">glosa</a> • <a href="/wiki/Idiom_neutral" title="Idiom neutral">idiom neutral</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ido" title="Ido">ido</a> • <a href="/wiki/Intal" title="Intal">intal</a> • <a href="/wiki/Interglossa" title="Interglossa">interglossa</a> • <a href="/wiki/Interlingua" title="Interlingua">interlingua</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kah" title="Kah">kah</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kosmos" title="Kosmos">kosmos</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kotava" title="Kotava">kotava</a> • <a href="/wiki/Langue_nouvelle" title="Langue nouvelle">langue nouvelle</a> • <a href="/wiki/Latinesce" title="Latinesce">latinesce</a> • <a href="/wiki/Latino_sine_flexione" title="Latino sine flexione">latino sine flexione</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lingua_franca_nova" title="Lingua franca nova">lingua franca nova</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lingua_franca_nuova" title="Lingua franca nuova">lingua franca nuova</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lingwa_de_planeta" title="Lingwa de planeta">lingwa de planeta</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lingwe_uniwersala" title="Lingwe uniwersala">lingwe uniwersala</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mondial" title="Mondial">mondial</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mondlango" title="Mondlango">mondlango</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mundeze" title="Mundeze">mundeze</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mundolinco" title="Mundolinco">mundolinco</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mundolingue" title="Mundolingue">mundolingue</a> • <a href="/wiki/Neo" title="Neo">neo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Novial" title="Novial">novial</a> • <a href="/wiki/Occidental" class="mw-redirect" title="Occidental">occidental</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ses_(lingua)" title="Ses (lingua)">ses</a> • <a href="/wiki/Solresol" title="Solresol">solresol</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sona" title="Sona">sona</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">spokil</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tavo" title="Tavo">tavo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Universalglot" title="Universalglot">universalglot</a> • <a href="/wiki/Uropi" title="Uropi">uropi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Volap%C3%BCk" class="mw-redirect" title="Volapük">volapük</a> • <a href="/wiki/Yolik" title="Yolik">yolik</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #ddddff;"><b><a href="/wiki/Lingua_aidante_zonal" title="Lingua aidante zonal">Linguas aidante zonal</a></b> </th> <td style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="/wiki/Afrihili" title="Afrihili">afrihili</a> • <a href="/wiki/Efatese" title="Efatese">efatese</a> • <a href="/wiki/Folkspraak" title="Folkspraak">folkspraak</a> • <a href="/wiki/Frenkisch" title="Frenkisch">frenkisch</a> • <a href="/wiki/Medjusloviansce" title="Medjusloviansce">medjusloviansce</a> • <a href="/wiki/Rom%C3%A1ni%C3%A7o" title="Romániço">romániço</a> • <a href="/wiki/Romanid" title="Romanid">romanid</a> • <a href="/wiki/Slovianto" title="Slovianto">slovianto</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #ddddff;"><b>Linguas esperimental</b> </th> <td style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="/wiki/Lincos" title="Lincos">lincos</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lojban" title="Lojban">lojban</a> • <a href="/wiki/Loglan" title="Loglan">loglan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tocipona" title="Tocipona">tocipona</a> • <a href="/wiki/Voksigid" title="Voksigid">voksigid</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #ddddff;"><b>Linguas artal</b> </th> <td style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="/wiki/Aingelj%C3%A3" title="Aingeljã">aingeljã</a> • <a href="/wiki/Dothraki" title="Dothraki">dothraki</a> • <a href="/wiki/Klingon_(lingua)" title="Klingon (lingua)">klingon</a> • <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1adan" title="Láadan">láadan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nadsat" title="Nadsat">nadsat</a> • <a href="/wiki/Quenya" title="Quenya">quenya</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>8 linguas</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Ajunta un tema</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-58885b9676-7v4hh","wgBackendResponseTime":158,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.031","walltime":"0.038","ppvisitednodes":{"value":45,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":1785,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":2,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":458,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 3.042 1 Model:Linguas_construida","100.00% 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