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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Aldaketa berriak</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:Ausazkoa" title="Ausazko orrialde bat kargatu [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Ausazko orria</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Sarrera" title="Aurkitzeko lekua."><span>Laguntza</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Azala" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Entziklopedia askea" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-eu.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:Bilatu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Wikipedia(e)n bilatu [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Bilatu</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Wikipedia wikian bilatu" aria-label="Wikipedia wikian bilatu" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Wikipedia(e)n bilatu [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Berezi:Bilatu"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Bilatu</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Tresna pertsonalak"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itxura"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Itxura" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Itxura</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_eu.wikipedia.org&uselang=eu" class=""><span>Dohaintza egin</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:KontuaSortu&returnto=Gosete" title="Kontu bat sortu eta horrekin saioa hastea eskatu nahi genizuke; ez da ezinbestekoa, ordea." class=""><span>Sortu kontua</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:SaioaHasi&returnto=Gosete" title="Izen ematera gonbidatzen zaitugu. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Hasi saioa</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Aukera gehiago" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tresna pertsonalak" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tresna pertsonalak</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_eu.wikipedia.org&uselang=eu"><span>Dohaintza egin</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:KontuaSortu&returnto=Gosete" title="Kontu bat sortu eta horrekin saioa hastea eskatu nahi genizuke; ez da ezinbestekoa, ordea."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Sortu kontua</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:SaioaHasi&returnto=Gosete" title="Izen ematera gonbidatzen zaitugu. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Hasi saioa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Izena eman gabeko erabiltzaileentzako orrialdeak <a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Sarrera" aria-label="Artikuluak aldatzeari buruz gehiago ikasi"><span>gehiago ikasi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEkarpenak" title="IP helbide honetatik egindako aldaketen zerrenda [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Ekarpenak</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEztabaida" title="Zure IParen eztabaida [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Gunea"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Edukiak" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Edukiak</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">⇑ Gora</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Definizioa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definizioa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Definizioa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definizioa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Historia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Erakutsi/ezkutatu Historia azpiatal</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Goseteak_gutxitzea_Ingalaterra_eta_Herbehereetan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Goseteak_gutxitzea_Ingalaterra_eta_Herbehereetan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Goseteak gutxitzea Ingalaterra eta Herbehereetan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Goseteak_gutxitzea_Ingalaterra_eta_Herbehereetan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erreferentziak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erreferentziak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Erreferentziak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erreferentziak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ikus,_gainera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ikus,_gainera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Ikus, gainera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ikus,_gainera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanpo_estekak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanpo_estekak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Kanpo estekak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo_estekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Edukiak" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Gosete</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 86 hizkuntzatan eskuragarri." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-86" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">86 hizkuntza</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Амассатә амлакра – abkhaziera" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Амассатә амлакра" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abkhaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongersnood" title="Hongersnood – afrikaansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hongersnood" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaansa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A9" title="مجاعة – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مجاعة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%82" title="قیتلیق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قیتلیق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Масов глад – bulgariera" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Масов глад" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2" title="अकाल – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="अकाल" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongon" title="Kongon – bambarera" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Kongon" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7" title="দুর্ভিক্ষ – bengalera" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দুর্ভিক্ষ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naonegezh" title="Naonegezh – bretoiera" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Naonegezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fam" title="Fam – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fam" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hladomor" title="Hladomor – txekiera" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hladomor" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txekiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%B2%D1%8B%C3%A7%C4%83%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85" title="Аслă выçăлăх – txuvaxera" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аслă выçăлăх" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="txuvaxera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newyn" title="Newyn – galesa" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Newyn" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungersn%C3%B8d" title="Hungersnød – daniera" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hungersnød" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungersnot" title="Hungersnot – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hungersnot" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Λιμός – greziera" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λιμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Famine" title="Famine – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Famine" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malsatego" title="Malsatego – esperantoa" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Malsatego" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hambruna" title="Hambruna – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hambruna" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A4ljah%C3%A4da" title="Näljahäda – estoniera" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Näljahäda" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%AD%D8%B7%DB%8C" title="قحطی – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قحطی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A4l%C3%A4nh%C3%A4t%C3%A4" title="Nälänhätä – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nälänhätä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Famine" title="Famine – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Famine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongersneed" title="Hongersneed – mendebaldeko frisiera" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Hongersneed" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="mendebaldeko frisiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorta" title="Gorta – irlandera" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Gorta" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fame_(sociedade)" title="Fame (sociedade) – galiziera" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Fame (sociedade)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B3" title="દુષ્કાળ – gujaratera" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="દુષ્કાળ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujaratera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%91_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99" title="רעב המוני – hebreera" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רעב המוני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2" title="अकाल – hindia" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अकाल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glad_(katastrofa)" title="Glad (katastrofa) – kroaziera" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Glad (katastrofa)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bencana_kelaparan" title="Bencana kelaparan – indonesiera" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bencana kelaparan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Famino" title="Famino – idoa" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Famino" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="idoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungursney%C3%B0" title="Hungursneyð – islandiera" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hungursneyð" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carestia" title="Carestia – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Carestia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%A2%E9%A5%89" title="飢饉 – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="飢饉" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="მასობრივი შიმშილი – georgiera" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მასობრივი შიმშილი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1wurumma%CC%B1nde" title="A̱wurumma̱nde – tyapa" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱wurumma̱nde" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyapa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B" title="Ашаршылық – kazakhera" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ашаршылық" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%82%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%84%E1%9F%87%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9F" title="គ្រោះទុរ្ភិក្ស – khemerera" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="គ្រោះទុរ្ភិក្ស" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khemerera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EA%B7%BC" title="기근 – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="기근" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xela" title="Xela – kurduera" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Xela" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongersnout" title="Hongersnout – luxenburgera" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Hongersnout" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxenburgera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caistria" title="Caistria – liguriera" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Caistria" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguriera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carestia" title="Carestia – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Carestia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badmetis" title="Badmetis – lituaniera" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Badmetis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bads" title="Bads – letoniera" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosary" title="Mosary – malgaxea" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Mosary" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahat" title="Kahat – malaysiera" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kahat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaysiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="भोकमरी – nepalera" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="भोकमरी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongersnood" title="Hongersnood – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hongersnood" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungersnaud" title="Hungersnaud – nynorsk (norvegiera)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hungersnaud" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungersn%C3%B8d" title="Hungersnød – bokmål (norvegiera)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hungersnød" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Famina" title="Famina – okzitaniera" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Famina" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okzitaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kl%C4%99ska_g%C5%82odu" title="Klęska głodu – poloniera" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Klęska głodu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%DD%AA" title="کاݪ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کاݪ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%AD%D8%B7%D9%8A" title="قحطي – paxtunera" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="قحطي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paxtunera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carestia" title="Carestia – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Carestia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hatun_yarqay" title="Hatun yarqay – kitxua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Hatun yarqay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kitxua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foamete" title="Foamete – errumaniera" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Foamete" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="errumaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Массовый голод – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Массовый голод" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%82" title="Сут – sakhera" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сут" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carist%C3%ACa" title="Caristìa – siziliera" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Caristìa" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siziliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masovna_glad" title="Masovna glad – serbokroaziera" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Masovna glad" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Famine" title="Famine – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Famine" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hladomor" title="Hladomor – eslovakiera" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hladomor" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovakiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zija_e_buk%C3%ABs" title="Zija e bukës – albaniera" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Zija e bukës" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masovna_glad" title="Masovna glad – serbiera" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Masovna glad" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungersn%C3%B6d" title="Hungersnöd – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hungersnöd" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njaa" title="Njaa – swahilia" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Njaa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9E%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பஞ்சம் – tamilera" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பஞ்சம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%81" title="కరువు – telugua" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కరువు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A2" title="ทุพภิกขภัย – thailandiera" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ทุพภิกขภัย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%B1tl%C4%B1k" title="Kıtlık – turkiera" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kıtlık" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A7l%C4%B1q" title="Açlıq – tatarera" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Açlıq" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Масовий голод – ukrainera" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Масовий голод" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%AD%D8%B7" title="قحط – urdua" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="قحط" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocharchilik" title="Ocharchilik – uzbekera" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ocharchilik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E1%BA%A1n_%C4%91%C3%B3i" title="Nạn đói – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nạn đói" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B4magne" title="Pômagne – valoniera" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Pômagne" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katgutom" title="Katgutom – warayera" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Katgutom" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="warayera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A5%A5%E8%8D%92" title="饥荒 – wu txinera" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="饥荒" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%A2%D7%A8" title="הונגער – yiddisha" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="הונגער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddisha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwh%E2%80%99iek" title="Mwh’iek – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Mwh’iek" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A5%91%E8%8D%92" title="饑荒 – txinera" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="饑荒" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki-hng" title="Ki-hng – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ki-hng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A5%91%E8%8D%92" title="饑荒 – kantonera" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="饑荒" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q168247#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Aldatu hizkuntzen arteko loturak" class="wbc-editpage">Aldatu loturak</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Izen-tarteak"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Gosete" title="Eduki orrialdea ikusi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikulua</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eztabaida:Gosete" rel="discussion" title="Artikuluari buruzko eztabaida [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aldatu hizkuntza aldaera" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">euskara</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Ikusketak"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Gosete"><span>Irakurri</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosete&veaction=edit" title="Orri hau aldatu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Aldatu</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosete&action=edit" title="Idatzi orri honen iturburu kodea [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosete&action=history" title="Artikulu honen aurreko bertsioak. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ikusi historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tresnak" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tresnak</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header 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honetaranzko esteka duten wiki orri guztien zerrenda [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Honanzko esteka duten orriak</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:RecentChangesLinked/Gosete" rel="nofollow" title="Orri honetatik esteka duten orrietako azken aldaketak [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Lotutako orrietako aldaketak</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=eu" title="Irudiak edo media fitxategiak igo [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Fitxategia igo</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:OrrialdeBereziak" title="Orri berezi guztien zerrenda [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Orri bereziak</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosete&oldid=9892640" title="Orriaren bertsio honetaranzko esteka iraunkorra"><span>Lotura iraunkorra</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a 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alt="Artikulu hau "Kalitatezko 2.000 artikulu 12-16 urteko ikasleentzat" proiektuaren parte da" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Hezkuntza_Programa_12-16_ikonoa.png/19px-Hezkuntza_Programa_12-16_ikonoa.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Hezkuntza_Programa_12-16_ikonoa.png/28px-Hezkuntza_Programa_12-16_ikonoa.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Hezkuntza_Programa_12-16_ikonoa.png/38px-Hezkuntza_Programa_12-16_ikonoa.png 2x" data-file-width="747" data-file-height="794" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Wikipedia, Entziklopedia askea</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eu" dir="ltr"><p> <b>Gosetea</b> elikaduraren gabezia dagoen muturreko egoera da<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Hainbat faktorek eragin dezakete, tartean <a href="/wiki/Gerra" title="Gerra">gerrak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inflazio" title="Inflazio">inflazioak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uzta" title="Uzta">uzta</a> txarrak, biztanleria arazoek edo <a href="/wiki/Gobernu" title="Gobernu">gobernuen</a> politikek. Fenomeno honen ondorioz sortzen dira <a href="/wiki/Malnutrizio" title="Malnutrizio">malnutrizio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ahuleria" title="Ahuleria">ahuleria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Epidemia" title="Epidemia">epidemiak</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Hilezkortasun" title="Hilezkortasun">hilezkortasuna</a> handitzea. <a href="/wiki/Kontinente" title="Kontinente">Kontinente</a> guztietan eman dira goseteak historian zehar. <a href="/wiki/XIX._mende" class="mw-redirect" title="XIX. mende">XIX.</a> eta <a href="/wiki/XX._mende" class="mw-redirect" title="XX. mende">XX. mendeetan</a> orokortua izan dira goseteak <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asiako</a> hegoaldean eta hego-ekialdean eta <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europako</a> ekialde eta erdialdean. <a href="/wiki/2000ko_hamarkada" title="2000ko hamarkada">2000ko hamarkadan</a> zehar goseteek eragindako heriotza kopurua jaitsiz joan zen. </p><p>Askotan lotuta dago <a href="/wiki/Gerra" title="Gerra">gerrekin</a>, hondamendi naturalekin edo <a href="/wiki/Pobrezia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pobrezia">pobrezia</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Giza_garapen" title="Giza garapen">giza garapen</a> eza dituen eskualdeekin. <a href="/wiki/Saharaz_hegoaldeko_Afrika" title="Saharaz hegoaldeko Afrika">Saharaz hegoaldeko Afrikan</a>, bereziki, gosete kasu larriak daude oraindik ere. <a href="/wiki/2010" title="2010">2010etik</a> aurrera <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a> izan da gosete gehien jasan dituen kontinentea. <a href="/wiki/2017" title="2017">2017an</a> <a href="/wiki/Nazio_Batuen_Erakundea" title="Nazio Batuen Erakundea">Nazio Batuen Erakundeak</a> gosete arriskua zegoela adierazi zuen 20 milioi pertsonentzat <a href="/wiki/Hego_Sudan" title="Hego Sudan">Hego Sudan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemenen</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. <a href="/wiki/Nekazaritza" title="Nekazaritza">Nekazaritzaren</a> egoerak eragin zuzena du, bereziki <a href="/wiki/Klima" title="Klima">klima</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Eguraldia" class="mw-redirect" title="Eguraldia">eguraldiari</a> lotuta, eta gerrek janariaren banaketa zailtzen dute. Gaur egungo gosetearen aurkako programa gehienek Afrika laguntzeko helburua dute. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definizioa">Definizioa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosete&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Definizioa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosete&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Definizioa"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Percentage_population_undernourished_world_map.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Percentage_population_undernourished_world_map.PNG/300px-Percentage_population_undernourished_world_map.PNG" decoding="async" width="300" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Percentage_population_undernourished_world_map.PNG/450px-Percentage_population_undernourished_world_map.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Percentage_population_undernourished_world_map.PNG/600px-Percentage_population_undernourished_world_map.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1237" data-file-height="559" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/2013" title="2013">2013ko</a> mapamundia.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Nazio_Batuen_Erakundea" title="Nazio Batuen Erakundea">Nazio Batuen</a> irizpideen arabera, jende askok <a href="/wiki/Nutrizio" title="Nutrizio">nutrizio</a> arazoak baldin baditu ere <a href="/wiki/Elikagai" title="Elikagai">elikagai</a> eskasia dela eta, goseterik ez dago ez bada ematen hilezkortasun, malnutrizio eta gose kopuru zehatz batzuk. Irizpide hauek honakoak dira: </p> <ul><li>Eremu bateko <a href="/wiki/Etxebizitza" title="Etxebizitza">etxebizitzen</a> %20ak janari eskasia du eta eskuratzeko arazo larriak.</li> <li>Umeen malnutrizio larriaren kasuak %30 baino gehiago dira.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heriotza-tasa" title="Heriotza-tasa">Heriotza-tasa</a> bi pertsona 10.000 biztanleko eta eguneko baino handiagoa da.</li></ul> <p>Gosete bat egoteak ez du inolako loturarik sortzen NBEko estatu kideen artean, baina arazoaren gaineko ezagutza eman eta laguntza bideratzeko aukerak eskaintzen ditu<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosete&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Historia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosete&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Historia"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Global_famines_history.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Global_famines_history.jpg/220px-Global_famines_history.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Global_famines_history.jpg/330px-Global_famines_history.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Global_famines_history.jpg/440px-Global_famines_history.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2969" data-file-height="1683" /></a><figcaption>Historiako goseterik handienen erregistroa.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Nekazaritza" title="Nekazaritza">Nekazaritza</a> sortu zenetik gizakia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biziraupen-nekazaritza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biziraupen-nekazaritza (sortu gabe)">biziraupen-nekazaritza</a> eredu batean bizi izan da, eta horrela <a href="/wiki/Gizarte" title="Gizarte">gizarte</a> askok goseteak pairatu dituzte. Goseteen maiztasuna eta intentsitatea aldatu dira historian zehar, janarien eskariaren, populazio hazkuntzaren eta <a href="/wiki/Klima" title="Klima">klima</a>-aldaketen ondorioz. Goseteak kendu zituzten lehen herrialdeak <a href="/wiki/Herbehereak" title="Herbehereak">Herbehereak</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Ingalaterra" title="Ingalaterra">Ingalaterra</a> izan ziren <a href="/wiki/XVII._mende" class="mw-redirect" title="XVII. mende">XVII. mendean</a>, nekazaritza-teknika berrien eta merkataritzari esker, emankortasun handiagoa eman zuten neurriak. Hala ere, <a href="/wiki/XVIII._mende" class="mw-redirect" title="XVIII. mende">XVIII. mendean</a> oraindik ematen ziren hainbat gosete, urtekoak, herrialde horietan<sup id="cite_ref-ponton_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ponton-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Goseteak_gutxitzea_Ingalaterra_eta_Herbehereetan">Goseteak gutxitzea Ingalaterra eta Herbehereetan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosete&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Goseteak gutxitzea Ingalaterra eta Herbehereetan»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosete&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Goseteak gutxitzea Ingalaterra eta Herbehereetan"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/XVI._mende" class="mw-redirect" title="XVI. mende">XVI.</a> eta XVII. mendeetan <a href="/wiki/Feudalismo" title="Feudalismo">feudalismoa</a> erortzen hasi zen, eta ondasun gehien zituzten nekazariak hasi ziren, leku askotan, euren lursailean itxiturak egiten, eta lortzen zituzten produktuen soberakina saltzen. <a href="/wiki/Lurjabe" class="mw-redirect" title="Lurjabe">Lurjabe</a> <a href="/wiki/Kapitalista" title="Kapitalista">kapitalista</a> hauek laborariak <a href="/wiki/Diru" title="Diru">diruarekin</a> ordaintzen hasi ziren, nekazal-gizartearen likidezia handituz. Aldi berean, itxiturek nekazari txiki eta abeltzain asko lanerako lekurik gabe utzi zituzten, hirira bidaliz, lurren kontzentrazioa oraindik gehiago handituz<sup id="cite_ref-ponton_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ponton-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, eta <a href="/wiki/Komunal" title="Komunal">komunala</a> erabilera pribaturako erabiliz<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Euren janariak sortzen ez zituzten hiritarrak geroz eta gehiago izanda, lanaren produktibitatea hobetzeko teknikak etengabe saritu ziren. Lurjabearen interesekoa zen ahalik eta gehien produzitzea bere lurzoruan, gehiago saldu ahal izateko. Helburua urtero soberakin gehiago izatea zen; batzuetan, lurrik gabeko nekazariei eremurik txarrenak alokatzen zitzaizkien, produkzioaren zati finko baten truke<sup id="cite_ref-ponton_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ponton-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Biziraupen nekazariak euren produktuak saltzera bideratzen zituzten geroz eta gehiago, <a href="/wiki/Zerga" title="Zerga">zergak</a> geroz eta handiagoak baitziren. Zerga horiek <a href="/wiki/Antzinako_Erregimena" title="Antzinako Erregimena">Antzinako Erregimenean</a> produzitutakoaren parte baten gisa kobratzen ziren, baina Erregimen Berrian dirua eskatzen zitzaien, beraz saltzea zen aukera bakarra diru hori lortu ahal izateko. Ondorioz, nekazari batzuek <a href="/wiki/Industria" title="Industria">industrian</a> erabili ahal izateko landareak ekoizten hasi ziren, dirua lortu ahal izateko zergak ordaintzeko, bitartean euren biziraupena ziurtatzeko landareak ereiten zituzten bitartean. Nekazarien artean zebilen diruarekin <a href="/wiki/Produktu" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Produktu">produktuak</a> erosten ziren, merkataritza eta <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Putting-out&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Putting-out (sortu gabe)">putting-out</a></i> sistema indartuz<sup id="cite_ref-ponton_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ponton-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Berrikuntza hauetako batzuk XVI. mendean sortu baziren ere, XVII. mendean indartu ziren eta XVIII. mendean orokortu. </p><p><a href="/wiki/1590ko_hamarkada" class="mw-redirect" title="1590ko hamarkada">1590ko hamarkadan</a> egoera hau nahikoa garatua zegoen <a href="/wiki/Holanda" title="Holanda">Holandako</a> probintzia aberats eta komertzialean, garaian <a href="/wiki/Mendebaldeko_Europa" title="Mendebaldeko Europa">Mendebaldeko Europan</a> egon zen goseteari aurre egin ahal izan ziola. Garai horretan, Herbehereek zuten Europako nekazaritza-sistemarik komertzialena. <a href="/wiki/Liho" title="Liho">Lihoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalamu" class="mw-disambig" title="Kalamu">kalamua</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Lupulu" title="Lupulu">lupulua</a> ere landatzen zituzten, sortzen ari zen industrian erabiltzeko. Nekazaritza geroz eta espezializatua eta eraginkoarragoa zen. Ondorioz, XVI. eta XVII. mendeetan Europako urbanizazio prozesurik azkarrena eman zen bertan. Ondorioz, produktibitatea eta aberastasuna handitu ziren, janari ekoizpena mantentzeko gaitasuna emanez<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>1650ean, Ingalaterrako nekazaritza komertziala zen eskala handi batean. 1623-24an izan zen Ingalaterrako azken bake garaiko gosetea. Baziren, oraindik, gosea ematen ziren garaiak, Herbehereetan bezala, baina ez zen gosete orokorrik egon. Abeltzaintzarako erabiltzen ziren komunaletan itxiturak egin ziren erabilera pribaturako, eta <a href="/wiki/Etxalde" title="Etxalde">etxalde</a> handiak sortu ziren. <a href="/wiki/Padura" title="Padura">Paduren</a> drainatzea, lurren erabilera efizienteagoa eta landare industrialen sarrera geroz eta ohikoagoa zen. Ingalaterran aberastasuna handitu zen honela, urbanizazio handiagoarekin<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. XVII. mendearen amaieran Ingalaterrako nekazaritza zen Europako produktiboena<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Ingalaterran zein Herbehereetan populazioa egonkortu zen 1650 eta 1750 artean, nekazaritzan aldaketak eman ziren garai bera. Europan zehar, ordea, goseteak ohikoak ziren. <a href="/wiki/Ekialdeko_Europa" title="Ekialdeko Europa">Ekialdeko Europan</a> XX. mendera arte goseteak eman dira. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erreferentziak">Erreferentziak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosete&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erreferentziak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosete&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Erreferentziak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFKelly1992">Kelly, James.  (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/30008004">«Scarcity and Poor Relief in Eighteenth-Century Ireland: The Subsistence Crisis of 1782-4»</a> <i>Irish Historical Studies</i> 28 (109): 38–62. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2017-12-08)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/13b15b80-0d82-11e7-a88c-50ba212dce4d">«Subscribe to read»</a> <i>Financial Times</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-12-09)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-39025927">«First famine declared since 2011»</a> <i>BBC News</i> 2017-02-20 <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-12-09)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ponton-4">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-ponton_4-0"><sup><b>a</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ponton_4-1"><sup><b>b</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ponton_4-2"><sup><b>c</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ponton_4-3"><sup><b>d</b></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFPontón,_Gonzalo">Pontón, Gonzalo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/1013725800"><i>La lucha por la desigualdad : una historia del mundo occidental en el siglo XVIII. </i></a> <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9788494769429" title="Berezi:BookSources/9788494769429">9788494769429</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1013725800">1013725800</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2019-06-05)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1867-c1/ch27.htm">«Economic Manuscripts: Capital Vol. I - Chapter Twenty-Seven»</a> <i>www.marxists.org</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2019-06-05)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFThompson,_E._P.2016">Thompson, E. P..  (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/936199434"><i>Making of the English Working Class.. </i></a> Open Road Media <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/1504022173" title="Berezi:BookSources/1504022173">1504022173</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=936199434">936199434</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2019-06-05)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFBieleman,_Jan.">Bieleman, Jan.. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/942864163"><i>Dutch agriculture in the Golden Age, 1570-1660.. </i></a> <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=942864163">942864163</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2019-06-05)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFCurtler">Curtler, William Henry Ricketts. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Yomy8cKVOtkC"><i>A Short History of English Agriculture. </i></a> Etusevi Company <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9781450515030" title="Berezi:BookSources/9781450515030">9781450515030</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2019-06-05)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFBurns2001">Burns, William E..  (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=59ITUOLbVkoC"><i>The Scientific Revolution: An Encyclopedia. </i></a> ABC-CLIO <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9780874368758" title="Berezi:BookSources/9780874368758">9780874368758</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2019-06-05)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ikus,_gainera"><span id="Ikus.2C_gainera"></span>Ikus, gainera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosete&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ikus, gainera»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosete&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Ikus, gainera"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gose" title="Gose">Gosea</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanpo_estekak">Kanpo estekak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosete&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kanpo estekak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosete&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Kanpo estekak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://beta.wfp.org/">"World Food Programme" (NBE)</a></li></ul> <div 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