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geometry</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: stochastic geometry"> <meta name="keywords" content="stochastic geometry"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="stochastic geometry"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1567</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: stochastic geometry</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1357</span> Optimization of Platinum Utilization by Using Stochastic Modeling of Carbon-Supported Platinum Catalyst Layer of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Akbar">Ali Akbar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seungho%20Shin"> Seungho Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sukkee%20Um"> Sukkee Um</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The composition of catalyst layers (CLs) plays an important role in the overall performance and cost of the proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Low platinum loading, high utilization, and more durable catalyst still remain as critical challenges for PEMFCs. In this study, a three-dimensional material network model is developed to visualize the nanostructure of carbon supported platinum Pt/C and Pt/VACNT catalysts in pursuance of maximizing the catalyst utilization. The quadruple-phase randomly generated CLs domain is formulated using quasi-random stochastic Monte Carlo-based method. This unique statistical approach of four-phase (i.e., pore, ionomer, carbon, and platinum) model is closely mimic of manufacturing process of CLs. Various CLs compositions are simulated to elucidate the effect of electrons, ions, and mass transport paths on the catalyst utilization factor. Based on simulation results, the effect of key factors such as porosity, ionomer contents and Pt weight percentage in Pt/C catalyst have been investigated at the represented elementary volume (REV) scale. The results show that the relationship between ionomer content and Pt utilization is in good agreement with existing experimental calculations. Furthermore, this model is implemented on the state-of-the-art Pt/VACNT CLs. The simulation results on Pt/VACNT based CLs show exceptionally high catalyst utilization as compared to Pt/C with different composition ratios. More importantly, this study reveals that the maximum catalyst utilization depends on the distance spacing between the carbon nanotubes for Pt/VACNT. The current simulation results are expected to be utilized in the optimization of nano-structural construction and composition of Pt/C and Pt/VACNT CLs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catalyst%20layer" title="catalyst layer">catalyst layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=platinum%20utilization" title=" platinum utilization"> platinum utilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proton%20exchange%20membrane%20fuel%20cell" title=" proton exchange membrane fuel cell"> proton exchange membrane fuel cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20modeling" title=" stochastic modeling"> stochastic modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99103/optimization-of-platinum-utilization-by-using-stochastic-modeling-of-carbon-supported-platinum-catalyst-layer-of-proton-exchange-membrane-fuel-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99103.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1356</span> Normalized P-Laplacian: From Stochastic Game to Image Processing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abderrahim%20Elmoataz">Abderrahim Elmoataz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> More and more contemporary applications involve data in the form of functions defined on irregular and topologically complicated domains (images, meshs, points clouds, networks, etc). Such data are not organized as familiar digital signals and images sampled on regular lattices. However, they can be conveniently represented as graphs where each vertex represents measured data and each edge represents a relationship (connectivity or certain affinities or interaction) between two vertices. Processing and analyzing these types of data is a major challenge for both image and machine learning communities. Hence, it is very important to transfer to graphs and networks many of the mathematical tools which were initially developed on usual Euclidean spaces and proven to be efficient for many inverse problems and applications dealing with usual image and signal domains. Historically, the main tools for the study of graphs or networks come from combinatorial and graph theory. In recent years there has been an increasing interest in the investigation of one of the major mathematical tools for signal and image analysis, which are Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) variational methods on graphs. The normalized p-laplacian operator has been recently introduced to model a stochastic game called tug-of-war-game with noise. Part interest of this class of operators arises from the fact that it includes, as particular case, the infinity Laplacian, the mean curvature operator and the traditionnal Laplacian operators which was extensiveley used to models and to solve problems in image processing. The purpose of this paper is to introduce and to study a new class of normalized p-Laplacian on graphs. The introduction is based on the extension of p-harmonious function introduced in as discrete approximation for both infinity Laplacian and p-Laplacian equations. Finally, we propose to use these operators as a framework for solving many inverse problems in image processing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normalized%20p-laplacian" title="normalized p-laplacian">normalized p-laplacian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title=" image processing"> image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20game" title=" stochastic game"> stochastic game</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inverse%20problems" title=" inverse problems"> inverse problems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24175/normalized-p-laplacian-from-stochastic-game-to-image-processing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24175.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">512</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1355</span> Efficient Sampling of Probabilistic Program for Biological Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keerthi%20S.%20Shetty">Keerthi S. Shetty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Annappa%20Basava"> Annappa Basava</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, modelling of biological systems represented by biochemical reactions has become increasingly important in Systems Biology. Biological systems represented by biochemical reactions are highly stochastic in nature. Probabilistic model is often used to describe such systems. One of the main challenges in Systems biology is to combine absolute experimental data into probabilistic model. This challenge arises because (1) some molecules may be present in relatively small quantities, (2) there is a switching between individual elements present in the system, and (3) the process is inherently stochastic on the level at which observations are made. In this paper, we describe a novel idea of combining absolute experimental data into probabilistic model using tool R2. Through a case study of the Transcription Process in Prokaryotes we explain how biological systems can be written as probabilistic program to combine experimental data into the model. The model developed is then analysed in terms of intrinsic noise and exact sampling of switching times between individual elements in the system. We have mainly concentrated on inferring number of genes in ON and OFF states from experimental data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systems%20biology" title="systems biology">systems biology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probabilistic%20model" title=" probabilistic model"> probabilistic model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inference" title=" inference"> inference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biology" title=" biology"> biology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model" title=" model"> model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47189/efficient-sampling-of-probabilistic-program-for-biological-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47189.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1354</span> Applied Methods for Lightweighting Structural Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Taghdiri">Alireza Taghdiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Ghanbarzade%20Ghomi"> Sara Ghanbarzade Ghomi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With gravity load reduction in the structural and non-structural components, the lightweight construction will be achieved as well as the improvement of efficiency and functional specifications. The advantages of lightweight construction can be examined in two levels. The first is the mass reduction of load bearing structure which results in increasing internal useful space and the other one is the mass reduction of building which decreases the effects of seismic load as a result. In order to achieve this goal, the essential building materials specifications and also optimum load bearing geometry of structural systems and elements have to be considered, so lightweight materials selection particularly with lightweight aggregate for building components will be the first step of lightweight construction. In the next step, in addition to selecting the prominent samples of Iran's traditional architecture, the process of these works improvement is analyzed through the viewpoints of structural efficiency and lightweighting and also the practical methods of lightweight construction have been extracted. The optimum design of load bearing geometry of structural system has to be considered not only in the structural system elements, but also in their composition and the selection of dimensions, proportions, forms and optimum orientations, can lead to get a maximum materials efficiency for loads and stresses bearing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gravity%20load" title="gravity load">gravity load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lightweighting%20structural%20system" title=" lightweighting structural system"> lightweighting structural system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load%20bearing%20geometry" title=" load bearing geometry"> load bearing geometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20behavior" title=" seismic behavior"> seismic behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18158/applied-methods-for-lightweighting-structural-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18158.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">521</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1353</span> Effect of Agricultural Extension Services on Technical Efficiency of Smallholder Cassava Farmers in Ghana: A Stochastic Meta-Frontier Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arnold%20Missiame">Arnold Missiame</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Ghana, rural dwellers who depend primarily on agriculture for their livelihood constitute about 60% of the country’s population. This shows the critical role and potentials of the agricultural sector in helping to achieve Ghana’s vision 2030. With the current threat of climate change and advancements in technology, agricultural extension is not just about technology transfer and improvements in productivity, but it is also about improving the managerial and technical skills of farmers. In Ghana, the government of Ghana as well as other players in the sector like; non-governmental organizations, NGOs, local and international funding agencies, for decades now, have made capacity-building-investments in smallholder farmers by way of extension services delivery. This study sought to compare the technical efficiency of farmers who have access to agricultural extension and farmers who do not in Ghana. The study employed the stochastic meta-frontier model to analyze household survey data comprising 300 smallholder cassava farmers from the Fanteakwa district of Ghana. The farmers were selected through a two-stage sampling technique where 5 communities were purposively selected in the first stage and then 60 smallholder cassava farmers were randomly selected from each of the 5 communities. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data on farmers’ socioeconomic and farm-level characteristics. The results showed that farmers who have access to agricultural extensions services have higher technical efficiencies (TE) and produce much closer to their meta-production frontiers (higher technology gap ratios (TGR) than farmers who do not have access to such extension services. Furthermore, experience in cassava cultivation and formal education significantly improves the technical efficiencies of farmers. The study recommends that the mode and scope of agricultural extension service delivery in the country should be enhanced to ensure that smallholder farmers have easy access to extension agents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20extension" title="agricultural extension">agricultural extension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghana" title=" Ghana"> Ghana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smallholder%20farmers" title=" smallholder farmers"> smallholder farmers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20meta-frontier%20model" title=" stochastic meta-frontier model"> stochastic meta-frontier model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technical%20efficiency" title=" technical efficiency"> technical efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115110/effect-of-agricultural-extension-services-on-technical-efficiency-of-smallholder-cassava-farmers-in-ghana-a-stochastic-meta-frontier-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115110.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1352</span> Finite-Sum Optimization: Adaptivity to Smoothness and Loopless Variance Reduction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bastien%20Batardi%C3%A8re">Bastien Batardière</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joon%20Kwon"> Joon Kwon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For finite-sum optimization, variance-reduced gradient methods (VR) compute at each iteration the gradient of a single function (or of a mini-batch), and yet achieve faster convergence than SGD thanks to a carefully crafted lower-variance stochastic gradient estimator that reuses past gradients. Another important line of research of the past decade in continuous optimization is the adaptive algorithms such as AdaGrad, that dynamically adjust the (possibly coordinate-wise) learning rate to past gradients and thereby adapt to the geometry of the objective function. Variants such as RMSprop and Adam demonstrate outstanding practical performance that have contributed to the success of deep learning. In this work, we present AdaLVR, which combines the AdaGrad algorithm with loopless variance-reduced gradient estimators such as SAGA or L-SVRG that benefits from a straightforward construction and a streamlined analysis. We assess that AdaLVR inherits both good convergence properties from VR methods and the adaptive nature of AdaGrad: in the case of L-smooth convex functions we establish a gradient complexity of O(n + (L + √ nL)/ε) without prior knowledge of L. Numerical experiments demonstrate the superiority of AdaLVR over state-of-the-art methods. Moreover, we empirically show that the RMSprop and Adam algorithm combined with variance-reduced gradients estimators achieve even faster convergence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convex%20optimization" title="convex optimization">convex optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variance%20reduction" title=" variance reduction"> variance reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20algorithms" title=" adaptive algorithms"> adaptive algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loopless" title=" loopless"> loopless</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182407/finite-sum-optimization-adaptivity-to-smoothness-and-loopless-variance-reduction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182407.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1351</span> Conventional and Computational Investigation of the Synthesized Organotin(IV) Complexes Derived from o-Vanillin and 3-Nitro-o-Phenylenediamine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harminder%20Kaur">Harminder Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manpreet%20Kaur"> Manpreet Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akanksha%20Kapila"> Akanksha Kapila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reenu"> Reenu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Schiff base with general formula H₂L was derived from condensation of o-vanillin and 3-nitro-o-phenylenediamine. This Schiff base was used for the synthesis of organotin(IV) complexes with general formula R₂SnL [R=Phenyl or n-octyl] using equimolar quantities. Elemental analysis UV-Vis, FTIR, and multinuclear spectroscopic techniques (¹H, ¹³C, and ¹¹⁹Sn) NMR were carried out for the characterization of the synthesized complexes. These complexes were coloured and soluble in polar solvents. Computational studies have been performed to obtain the details of the geometry and electronic structures of ligand as well as complexes. Geometry of the ligands and complexes have been optimized at the level of Density Functional Theory with B3LYP/6-311G (d,p) and B3LYP/MPW1PW91 respectively followed by vibrational frequency analysis using Gaussian 09. Observed ¹¹⁹Sn NMR chemical shifts of one of the synthesized complexes showed tetrahedral geometry around Tin atom which is also confirmed by DFT. HOMO-LUMO energy distribution was calculated. FTIR, ¹HNMR and ¹³CNMR spectra were also obtained theoretically using DFT. Further IRC calculations were employed to determine the transition state for the reaction and to get the theoretical information about the reaction pathway. Moreover, molecular docking studies can be explored to ensure the anticancer activity of the newly synthesized organotin(IV) complexes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT" title="DFT">DFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20docking" title=" molecular docking"> molecular docking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organotin%28IV%29%20complexes" title=" organotin(IV) complexes"> organotin(IV) complexes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=o-vanillin" title=" o-vanillin"> o-vanillin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3-nitro-o-phenylenediamine" title=" 3-nitro-o-phenylenediamine"> 3-nitro-o-phenylenediamine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89192/conventional-and-computational-investigation-of-the-synthesized-organotiniv-complexes-derived-from-o-vanillin-and-3-nitro-o-phenylenediamine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89192.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1350</span> The Investigation of Oil Price Shocks by Using a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium: The Case of Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahram%20Fathi">Bahram Fathi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karim%20Alizadeh"> Karim Alizadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azam%20Mohammadbagheri"> Azam Mohammadbagheri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to investigate the role of oil price shocks in explaining business cycles in Iran using a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium approach. This model incorporates both productivity and oil revenue shocks. The results indicate that productivity shocks are relatively more important to business cycles than oil shocks. The model with two shocks produces different values for volatility, but these values have the same ranking as that of the actual data for most variables. In addition, the actual data are close to the ratio of standard deviations to the output obtained from the model with two shocks. The results indicate that productivity shocks are relatively more important to business cycles than the oil shocks. The model with only a productivity shock produces the most similar figures in term of volatility magnitude to that of the actual data. Next, we use the Impulse Response Functions (IRF) to evaluate the capability of the model. The IRF shows no effect of an oil shock on the capital stocks and on labor hours, which is a feature of the model. When the log-linearized system of equations is solved numerically, investment and labor hours were not found to be functions of the oil shock. This research recommends using different techniques to compare the model’s robustness. One method by which to do this is to have all decision variables as a function of the oil shock by inducing the stationary to the model differently. Another method is to impose a bond adjustment cost. This study intends to fill that gap. To achieve this objective, we derive a DSGE model that allows for the world oil price and productivity shocks. Second, we calibrate the model to the Iran economy. Next, we compare the moments from the theoretical model with both single and multiple shocks with that obtained from the actual data to see the extent to which business cycles in Iran can be explained by total oil revenue shock. Then, we use an impulse response function to evaluate the role of world oil price shocks. Finally, I present implications of the findings and interpretations in accordance with economic theory. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20price" title="oil price">oil price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shocks" title=" shocks"> shocks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20stochastic%20general%20equilibrium" title=" dynamic stochastic general equilibrium"> dynamic stochastic general equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27775/the-investigation-of-oil-price-shocks-by-using-a-dynamic-stochastic-general-equilibrium-the-case-of-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27775.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">438</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1349</span> Design of Enhanced Adaptive Filter for Integrated Navigation System of FOG-SINS and Star Tracker</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nassim%20Bessaad">Nassim Bessaad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qilian%20Bao"> Qilian Bao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhao%20Jiangkang"> Zhao Jiangkang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The fiber optics gyroscope in the strap-down inertial navigation system (FOG-SINS) suffers from precision degradation due to the influence of random errors. In this work, an enhanced Allan variance (AV) stochastic modeling method combined with discrete wavelet transform (DWT) for signal denoising is implemented to estimate the random process in the FOG signal. Furthermore, we devise a measurement-based iterative adaptive Sage-Husa nonlinear filter with augmented states to integrate a star tracker sensor with SINS. The proposed filter adapts the measurement noise covariance matrix based on the available data. Moreover, the enhanced stochastic modeling scheme is invested in tuning the process noise covariance matrix and the augmented state Gauss-Markov process parameters. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed filter is investigated by employing the collected data in laboratory conditions. The result shows the filter's improved accuracy in comparison with the conventional Kalman filter (CKF). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inertial%20navigation" title="inertial navigation">inertial navigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20filtering" title=" adaptive filtering"> adaptive filtering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=star%20tracker" title=" star tracker"> star tracker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FOG" title=" FOG"> FOG</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145618/design-of-enhanced-adaptive-filter-for-integrated-navigation-system-of-fog-sins-and-star-tracker" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145618.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">80</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1348</span> Heat and Mass Transfer in a Saturated Porous Medium Confined in Cylindrical Annular Geometry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ja">A. Ja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Belabid"> J. Belabid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Cheddadi"> A. Cheddadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper reports the numerical simulation of double diffusive natural convection flows within a horizontal annular filled with a saturated porous medium. The analysis concerns the influence of the different parameters governing the problem, namely, the Rayleigh number Ra, the Lewis number Le and the buoyancy ratio N, on the heat and mass transfer and on the flow structure, in the case of a fixed radius ratio R = 2. The numerical model used for the discretization of the dimensionless equations governing the problem is based on the finite difference method, using the ADI scheme. The study is focused on steady-state solutions in the cooperation situation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20convection" title="natural convection">natural convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double-diffusion" title=" double-diffusion"> double-diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20medium" title=" porous medium"> porous medium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=annular%20geometry" title=" annular geometry"> annular geometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20differences" title=" finite differences"> finite differences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21992/heat-and-mass-transfer-in-a-saturated-porous-medium-confined-in-cylindrical-annular-geometry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21992.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1347</span> MHD Equilibrium Study in Alborz Tokamak</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryamosadat%20Ghasemi">Maryamosadat Ghasemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Amrollahi"> Reza Amrollahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Plasma equilibrium geometry has a great influence on the confinement and magnetohydrodynamic stability in tokamaks. The poloidal field (PF) system of a tokamak should be able to support this plasma equilibrium geometry. In this work the prepared numerical code based on radial basis functions are presented and used to solve the Grad–Shafranov (GS) equation for the axisymmetric equilibrium of tokamak plasma. The radial basis functions (RBFs) which is a kind of numerical meshfree method (MFM) for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) has appeared in the last decade and is developing significantly in the last few years. This technique is applied in this study to obtain the equilibrium configuration for Alborz Tokamak. The behavior of numerical solution convergences show the validation of this calculations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equilibrium" title="equilibrium">equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grad%E2%80%93shafranov" title=" grad–shafranov"> grad–shafranov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radial%20basis%20functions" title=" radial basis functions"> radial basis functions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alborz%20Tokamak" title=" Alborz Tokamak"> Alborz Tokamak</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30952/mhd-equilibrium-study-in-alborz-tokamak" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30952.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">473</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1346</span> Simulation as a Problem-Solving Spotter for System Reliability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wheyming%20Tina%20Song">Wheyming Tina Song</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chi-Hao%20Hong"> Chi-Hao Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peisyuan%20Lin"> Peisyuan Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An important performance measure for stochastic manufacturing networks is the system reliability, defined as the probability that the production output meets or exceeds a specified demand. The system parameters include the capacity of each workstation and numbers of the conforming parts produced in each workstation. We establish that eighteen archival publications, containing twenty-one examples, provide incorrect values of the system reliability. The author recently published the Song Rule, which provides the correct analytical system-reliability value; it is, however, computationally inefficient for large networks. In this paper, we use Monte Carlo simulation (implemented in C and Flexsim) to provide estimates for the above-mentioned twenty-one examples. The simulation estimates are consistent with the analytical solution for small networks but is computationally efficient for large networks. We argue here for three advantages of Monte Carlo simulation: (1) understanding stochastic systems, (2) validating analytical results, and (3) providing estimates even when analytical and numerical approaches are overly expensive in computation. Monte Carlo simulation could have detected the published analysis errors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monte%20Carlo%20simulation" title="Monte Carlo simulation">Monte Carlo simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20results" title=" analytical results"> analytical results</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leading%20digit%20rule" title=" leading digit rule"> leading digit rule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standard%20error" title=" standard error"> standard error</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66317/simulation-as-a-problem-solving-spotter-for-system-reliability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66317.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1345</span> Accelerated Evaluation of Structural Reliability under Tsunami Loading</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sai%20Hung%20Cheung">Sai Hung Cheung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhe%20Shao"> Zhe Shao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is of our great interest to quantify the risk to structural dynamic systems due to earthquake-induced tsunamis in view of recent earthquake-induced tsunamis in Padang, 2004 and Tohoku, 2011 which brought huge losses of lives and properties. Despite continuous advancement in computational simulation of the tsunami and wave-structure interaction modeling, it still remains computationally challenging to evaluate the reliability of a structural dynamic system when uncertainties related to the system and its modeling are taken into account. The failure of the structure in a tsunami-wave-structural system is defined as any response quantities of the system exceeding specified thresholds during the time when the structure is subjected to dynamic wave impact due to earthquake-induced tsunamis. In this paper, an approach based on a novel integration of a recently proposed moving least squares response surface approach for stochastic sampling and the Subset Simulation algorithm is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is discussed by comparing its results with those obtained from the Subset Simulation algorithm without using the response surface approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20surface" title="response surface">response surface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20simulation" title=" stochastic simulation"> stochastic simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20reliability%20tsunami" title=" structural reliability tsunami"> structural reliability tsunami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk" title=" risk"> risk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20810/accelerated-evaluation-of-structural-reliability-under-tsunami-loading" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20810.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">675</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1344</span> Two Spherical Three Degrees of Freedom Parallel Robots 3-RCC and 3-RRS Static Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Abbasi%20Moshaii">Alireza Abbasi Moshaii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaghayegh%20Nasiri"> Shaghayegh Nasiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Tale%20Masouleh"> Mehdi Tale Masouleh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main purpose of this study is static analysis of two three-degree of freedom parallel mechanisms: 3-RCC and 3-RRS. Geometry of these mechanisms is expressed and static equilibrium equations are derived for the whole chains. For these mechanisms due to the equal number of equations and unknowns, the solution is as same as 3-RCC mechanism. Mathematical software is used to solve the equations. In order to prove the results obtained from solving the equations of mechanisms, their CAD model has been simulated and their static is analysed in ADAMS software. Due to symmetrical geometry of the mechanisms, the force and external torque acting on the end-effecter have been considered asymmetric to prove the generality of the solution method. Finally, the results of both softwares, for both mechanisms are extracted and compared as graphs. The good achieved comparison between the results indicates the accuracy of the analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robotic" title="robotic">robotic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20analysis" title=" static analysis"> static analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3-RCC" title=" 3-RCC"> 3-RCC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3-RRS" title=" 3-RRS"> 3-RRS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24128/two-spherical-three-degrees-of-freedom-parallel-robots-3-rcc-and-3-rrs-static-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24128.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1343</span> Opto-Electronic Properties of Novel Structures: Sila-Fulleranes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farah%20Marsusi">Farah Marsusi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Qasemnazhand"> Mohammad Qasemnazhand</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Density-functional theory (DFT) was applied to investigate the geometry and electronic properties H-terminated Si-fullerene (Si-fullerane). Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis confirms sp3 hybridization nature of Si-Si bonds in Si-fulleranes. Quantum confinement effect (QCE) does not affect band gap (BG) so strongly in the size between 1 to 1.7 nm. In contrast, the geometry and symmetry of the cage have significant influence on BG. In contrast to their carbon analogues, pentagon rings increase the stability of the cages. Functionalized Si-cages are stable and can be chemically very active. The electronic properties are highly sensitive to the surface chemistry via functionalization with different chemical groups. As a result, BGs and chemical activities of these cages can be drastically tuned through the chemistry of the surface. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density%20functional%20theory" title="density functional theory">density functional theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sila-fullerens" title=" sila-fullerens"> sila-fullerens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NBO%20analysis" title=" NBO analysis"> NBO analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=opto-electronic%20properties" title=" opto-electronic properties"> opto-electronic properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49771/opto-electronic-properties-of-novel-structures-sila-fulleranes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49771.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1342</span> Heteroscedastic Parametric and Semiparametric Smooth Coefficient Stochastic Frontier Application to Technical Efficiency Measurement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rebecca%20Owusu%20Coffie">Rebecca Owusu Coffie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atakelty%20Hailu"> Atakelty Hailu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Variants of production frontier models have emerged, however, only a limited number of them are applied in empirical research. Hence the effects of these alternative frontier models are not well understood, particularly within sub-Saharan Africa. In this paper, we apply recent advances in the production frontier to examine levels of technical efficiency and efficiency drivers. Specifically, we compare the heteroscedastic parametric and the semiparametric stochastic smooth coefficient (SPSC) models. Using rice production data from Ghana, our empirical estimates reveal that alternative specification of efficiency estimators results in either downward or upward bias in the technical efficiency estimates. Methodologically, we find that the SPSC model is more suitable and generates high-efficiency estimates. Within the parametric framework, we find that parameterization of both the mean and variance of the pre-truncated function is the best model. For the drivers of technical efficiency, we observed that longer farm distances increase inefficiency through a reduction in labor productivity. High soil quality, however, increases productivity through increased land productivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-truncated" title="pre-truncated">pre-truncated</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice%20production" title=" rice production"> rice production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smooth%20coefficient" title=" smooth coefficient"> smooth coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technical%20efficiency" title=" technical efficiency"> technical efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59500/heteroscedastic-parametric-and-semiparametric-smooth-coefficient-stochastic-frontier-application-to-technical-efficiency-measurement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59500.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1341</span> Application of Stochastic Models on the Portuguese Population and Distortion to Workers Compensation Pensioners Experience</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nkwenti%20Mbelli%20Njah">Nkwenti Mbelli Njah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research was motivated by a project requested by AXA on the topic of pensions payable under the workers compensation (WC) line of business. There are two types of pensions: the compulsorily recoverable and the not compulsorily recoverable. A pension is compulsorily recoverable for a victim when there is less than 30% of disability and the pension amount per year is less than six times the minimal national salary. The law defines that the mathematical provisions for compulsory recoverable pensions must be calculated by applying the following bases: mortality table TD88/90 and rate of interest 5.25% (maybe with rate of management). To manage pensions which are not compulsorily recoverable is a more complex task because technical bases are not defined by law and much more complex computations are required. In particular, companies have to predict the amount of payments discounted reflecting the mortality effect for all pensioners (this task is monitored monthly in AXA). The purpose of this research was thus to develop a stochastic model for the future mortality of the worker’s compensation pensioners of both the Portuguese market workers and AXA portfolio. Not only is past mortality modeled, also projections about future mortality are made for the general population of Portugal as well as for the two portfolios mentioned earlier. The global model was split in two parts: a stochastic model for population mortality which allows for forecasts, combined with a point estimate from a portfolio mortality model obtained through three different relational models (Cox Proportional, Brass Linear and Workgroup PLT). The one-year death probabilities for ages 0-110 for the period 2013-2113 are obtained for the general population and the portfolios. These probabilities are used to compute different life table functions as well as the not compulsorily recoverable reserves for each of the models required for the pensioners, their spouses and children under 21. The results obtained are compared with the not compulsory recoverable reserves computed using the static mortality table (TD 73/77) that is currently being used by AXA, to see the impact on this reserve if AXA adopted the dynamic tables. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compulsorily%20recoverable" title="compulsorily recoverable">compulsorily recoverable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20table%20functions" title=" life table functions"> life table functions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relational%20models" title=" relational models"> relational models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=worker%E2%80%99s%20compensation%20pensioners" title=" worker’s compensation pensioners"> worker’s compensation pensioners</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75580/application-of-stochastic-models-on-the-portuguese-population-and-distortion-to-workers-compensation-pensioners-experience" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75580.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">164</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1340</span> Informed Urban Design: Minimizing Urban Heat Island Intensity via Stochastic Optimization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luis%20Guilherme%20Resende%20Santos">Luis Guilherme Resende Santos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ido%20Nevat"> Ido Nevat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leslie%20Norford"> Leslie Norford</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Urban Heat Island (UHI) is characterized by increased air temperatures in urban areas compared to undeveloped rural surrounding environments. With urbanization and densification, the intensity of UHI increases, bringing negative impacts on livability, health and economy. In order to reduce those effects, it is required to take into consideration design factors when planning future developments. Given design constraints such as population size and availability of area for development, non-trivial decisions regarding the buildings’ dimensions and their spatial distribution are required. We develop a framework for optimization of urban design in order to jointly minimize UHI intensity and buildings’ energy consumption. First, the design constraints are defined according to spatial and population limits in order to establish realistic boundaries that would be applicable in real life decisions. Second, the tools Urban Weather Generator (UWG) and EnergyPlus are used to generate outputs of UHI intensity and total buildings’ energy consumption, respectively. Those outputs are changed based on a set of variable inputs related to urban morphology aspects, such as building height, urban canyon width and population density. Lastly, an optimization problem is cast where the utility function quantifies the performance of each design candidate (e.g. minimizing a linear combination of UHI and energy consumption), and a set of constraints to be met is set. Solving this optimization problem is difficult, since there is no simple analytic form which represents the UWG and EnergyPlus models. We therefore cannot use any direct optimization techniques, but instead, develop an indirect “black box” optimization algorithm. To this end we develop a solution that is based on stochastic optimization method, known as the Cross Entropy method (CEM). The CEM translates the deterministic optimization problem into an associated stochastic optimization problem which is simple to solve analytically. We illustrate our model on a typical residential area in Singapore. Due to fast growth in population and built area and land availability generated by land reclamation, urban planning decisions are of the most importance for the country. Furthermore, the hot and humid climate in the country raises the concern for the impact of UHI. The problem presented is highly relevant to early urban design stages and the objective of such framework is to guide decision makers and assist them to include and evaluate urban microclimate and energy aspects in the process of urban planning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20energy%20consumption" title="building energy consumption">building energy consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20optimization" title=" stochastic optimization"> stochastic optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20design" title=" urban design"> urban design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20heat%20island" title=" urban heat island"> urban heat island</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20weather%20generator" title=" urban weather generator"> urban weather generator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102185/informed-urban-design-minimizing-urban-heat-island-intensity-via-stochastic-optimization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102185.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1339</span> Stochastic Richelieu River Flood Modeling and Comparison of Flood Propagation Models: WMS (1D) and SRH (2D)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Safrai">Maryam Safrai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tewfik%20Mahdi"> Tewfik Mahdi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article presents the stochastic modeling of the Richelieu River flood in Quebec, Canada, occurred in the spring of 2011. With the aid of the one-dimensional Watershed Modeling System (WMS (v.10.1) and HEC-RAS (v.4.1) as a flood simulator, the delineation of the probabilistic flooded areas was considered. Based on the Monte Carlo method, WMS (v.10.1) delineated the probabilistic flooded areas with corresponding occurrence percentages. Furthermore, results of this one-dimensional model were compared with the results of two-dimensional model (SRH-2D) for the evaluation of efficiency and precision of each applied model. Based on this comparison, computational process in two-dimensional model is longer and more complicated versus brief one-dimensional one. Although, two-dimensional models are more accurate than one-dimensional method, but according to existing modellers, delineation of probabilistic flooded areas based on Monte Carlo method is achievable via one-dimensional modeler. The applied software in this case study greatly responded to verify the research objectives. As a result, flood risk maps of the Richelieu River with the two applied models (1d, 2d) could elucidate the flood risk factors in hydrological, hydraulic, and managerial terms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flood%20modeling" title="flood modeling">flood modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HEC-RAS" title=" HEC-RAS"> HEC-RAS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model%20comparison" title=" model comparison"> model comparison</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monte%20Carlo%20simulation" title=" Monte Carlo simulation"> Monte Carlo simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probabilistic%20flooded%20area" title=" probabilistic flooded area"> probabilistic flooded area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SRH-2D" title=" SRH-2D"> SRH-2D</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WMS" title=" WMS"> WMS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107620/stochastic-richelieu-river-flood-modeling-and-comparison-of-flood-propagation-models-wms-1d-and-srh-2d" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107620.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1338</span> Variation Theory and Mixed Instructional Approaches: Advancing Conceptual Understanding in Geometry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belete%20Abebaw">Belete Abebaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mulugeta%20Atinafu"> Mulugeta Atinafu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Awoke%20Shishigu"> Awoke Shishigu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study aimed to examine students’ problem-solving skills through mixed instruction (variation theory based Geogerba assisted problem-solving instructional approaches). A total of 125 students divided into 4 intact groups participated in the study. The study employed a quasi-experimental research design. Three intact groups were randomly assigned as a treatment group, while one group was taken as a comparison group. Each of the groups took a specific instructional approach, while the comparison group proceeded as usual without any changes to the instructional process for all sessions. Both pre and post problem-solving tests were administered to all groups. To analyze the data and examine the differences (if any) in each group, ANCOVA and Paired samples t-tests were employed. There was a significant mean difference between students pre-test and post-test in their conceptual understanding of each treatment group. Furthermore, the mixed treatment had a large mean difference. It was recommended that teachers give attention to using variation theory-based geometry problem-solving approaches for students’ better understanding. Administrators should emphasize launching Geogebra software through IT labs in schools, and government officials should appreciate the implementation of technology in schools. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conceptual%20understanding" title="conceptual understanding">conceptual understanding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geogebra" title=" Geogebra"> Geogebra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20geometry" title=" learning geometry"> learning geometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=problem%20solving%20approaches" title=" problem solving approaches"> problem solving approaches</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variation%20theory" title=" variation theory"> variation theory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192448/variation-theory-and-mixed-instructional-approaches-advancing-conceptual-understanding-in-geometry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192448.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">25</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1337</span> Modelling Water Usage for Farming</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozgu%20Turgut">Ozgu Turgut</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Water scarcity is a problem for many regions which requires immediate action, and solutions cannot be postponed for a long time. It is known that farming consumes a significant portion of usable water. Although in recent years, the efforts to make the transition to dripping or spring watering systems instead of using surface watering started to pay off. It is also known that this transition is not necessarily translated into an increase in the capacity dedicated to other water consumption channels such as city water or power usage. In order to control and allocate the water resource more purposefully, new watering systems have to be used with monitoring abilities that can limit the usage capacity for each farm. In this study, a decision support model which relies on a bi-objective stochastic linear optimization is proposed, which takes crop yield and price volatility into account. The model generates annual planting plans as well as water usage limits for each farmer in the region while taking the total value (i.e., profit) of the overall harvest. The mathematical model is solved using the L-shaped method optimally. The decision support model can be especially useful for regional administrations to plan next year's planting and water incomes and expenses. That is why not only a single optimum but also a set of representative solutions from the Pareto set is generated with the proposed approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20support" title="decision support">decision support</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=farming" title=" farming"> farming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water" title=" water"> water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tactical%20planning" title=" tactical planning"> tactical planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic" title=" stochastic"> stochastic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pareto" title=" pareto"> pareto</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160722/modelling-water-usage-for-farming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160722.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1336</span> Geometry of the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract - Clinical Significance in Electrocardiological Procedures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcin%20Jakiel">Marcin Jakiel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Kurek"> Maria Kurek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karolina%20Gutkowska"> Karolina Gutkowska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylwia%20Sanakiewicz"> Sylwia Sanakiewicz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dominika%20Stolarczyk"> Dominika Stolarczyk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jakub%20Batko"> Jakub Batko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafa%C5%82%20Jakiel"> Rafał Jakiel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mateusz%20K.%20Ho%C5%82da"> Mateusz K. Hołda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The geometry of RVOT is extremely complicated. It is an irregular block with an ellipsoidal cross-section, whose dimensions decrease toward the pulmonary valve and measure 33.82 (IQR 30,51-39,36), 28.82 (IQR 26,11-32,22), 27.95 ± 4,11 for width [mm] and 33.41 ± 6,14, 26.99 ± 4,41, 26.91 ± 4,00 [mm] for depth, in the basal, middle and subpulmonary parts, respectively. In a sagittal section view, the RVOT heads upward and slightly backward. Its anterior perimeter has an average length of 41.96 mm and inclines to the transverse plane at an angle of 50.77° (IQR 46,53°-58,70°). In the posterior region, the RVOT is shorter (18.17mm) and flexes anteriorly. Therefore, the slope of the upper part of the rear wall to the transverse plane is an acute angle (open toward the rear) of 44,58° (IQR 37,30°-51,25°), while in the lower part it is an angle close to a right angle of 94,30°±15,44°. In addition, the thickness of the RVOT wall in the diastolic phase, at the posterior perimeter at the base, in the middle of the length and subpulmonary measure 3,80 mm ± 0,88 mm, 3,56 mm ± 0,73 mm, 3,56 mm ± 0,65 mm, respectively. In frontal cross-section, the RVOT rises on the interventricular septum, which makes it possible to distinguish the septal and supraseptal parts on its left periphery. The angles (facing the vertices to the right) of the inclination of these parts to the transverse plane are 75.5° (IQR 66,44°-81,11°) and 107.01° (IQR 99,09 – 115,23°), respectively, which allows us to conclude that the direction of the RVOT long axis changes from left to right. The above analysis shows that there is no single RVOT axis. Two axes can be distinguished, the one for the upper RVOT being more backward and leftward. The aforementioned forward deflection of the posterior wall and the RVOT's elevation over the interventricular septum, suggest that access to the subpulmonary region may be difficult. It should be emphasized that this area is often the target for ablation of ventricular arrhythmias. The small thickness of the RVOT posterior wall, with its difficult geometry, may favor its perforation into the pericardium or ascending aorta. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angle" title="angle">angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geometry" title=" geometry"> geometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operation%20access" title=" operation access"> operation access</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=position" title=" position"> position</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RVOT" title=" RVOT"> RVOT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shape" title=" shape"> shape</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154244/geometry-of-the-right-ventricular-outflow-tract-clinical-significance-in-electrocardiological-procedures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154244.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1335</span> Appraisal of the Impact Strength on Mild Steel Cladding Weld Metal Geometry </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chukwuemeka%20Daniel%20Ezeliora">Chukwuemeka Daniel Ezeliora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chukwuebuka%20Lawrence%20Ezeliora"> Chukwuebuka Lawrence Ezeliora</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research focused on the appraisal of impact strength on mild steel cladding weld metal geometry. Over the years, poor welding has resulted in failures in engineering components, poor material quality, the collapse of welded materials, and failures in material strength. This is as a result of poor selection and combination of welding input process parameters. The application of the Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding method with weld specimen of length 60; width 40, and thickness of 10 was used for the experiment. A butt joint method was prepared for the welding, and tungsten inert gas welding process was used to perform the twenty (20) experimental runs. A response surface methodology was used to model and to analyze the system. For an adequate polynomial approximation, the experimental design was used to collect the data. The key parameters considered in this work are welding current, gas flow rate, welding speed, and voltage. The range of the input process parameters was selected from the literature and the design. The steps followed to achieve the experimental design and results is the use of response surface method (RSM) implemented in central composite design (CCD) to generate the design matrix, to obtain quadratic model, and evaluate the interactions in the factors as well as optimizing the factors and the response. The result expresses that the best impact strength of the mild steel cladding weld metal geometry is 115.419 Joules. However, it was observed that the result of the input factors is; current 180.4 amp, voltage 23.99 volt, welding speed 142.7 mm.s and gas flow rate 10.8 lit/min as the optimum of the input process parameters. The optimal solution gives a guide for optimal impact strength of the weldment when welding with tungsten inert gas (TIG) under study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mild%20steel" title="mild steel">mild steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20strength" title=" impact strength"> impact strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20surface" title=" response surface"> response surface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bead%20geometry" title=" bead geometry"> bead geometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding" title=" welding"> welding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121742/appraisal-of-the-impact-strength-on-mild-steel-cladding-weld-metal-geometry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121742.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1334</span> The Martingale Options Price Valuation for European Puts Using Stochastic Differential Equation Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20C.%20Chinwenyi">H. C. Chinwenyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20D.%20Ibrahim"> H. D. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20A.%20Ahmed"> F. A. Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In modern financial mathematics, valuing derivatives such as options is often a tedious task. This is simply because their fair and correct prices in the future are often probabilistic. This paper examines three different Stochastic Differential Equation (SDE) models in finance; the Constant Elasticity of Variance (CEV) model, the Balck-Karasinski model, and the Heston model. The various Martingales option price valuation formulas for these three models were obtained using the replicating portfolio method. Also, the numerical solution of the derived Martingales options price valuation equations for the SDEs models was carried out using the Monte Carlo method which was implemented using MATLAB. Furthermore, results from the numerical examples using published data from the Nigeria Stock Exchange (NSE), all share index data show the effect of increase in the underlying asset value (stock price) on the value of the European Put Option for these models. From the results obtained, we see that an increase in the stock price yields a decrease in the value of the European put option price. Hence, this guides the option holder in making a quality decision by not exercising his right on the option. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equivalent%20martingale%20measure" title="equivalent martingale measure">equivalent martingale measure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=European%20put%20option" title=" European put option"> European put option</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=girsanov%20theorem" title=" girsanov theorem"> girsanov theorem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=martingales" title=" martingales"> martingales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monte%20carlo%20method" title=" monte carlo method"> monte carlo method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=option%20price%20valuation%20formula" title=" option price valuation formula"> option price valuation formula</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111011/the-martingale-options-price-valuation-for-european-puts-using-stochastic-differential-equation-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111011.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1333</span> Stochastic Model Predictive Control for Linear Discrete-Time Systems with Random Dither Quantization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomoaki%20Hashimoto">Tomoaki Hashimoto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, feedback control systems using random dither quantizers have been proposed for linear discrete-time systems. However, the constraints imposed on state and control variables have not yet been taken into account for the design of feedback control systems with random dither quantization. Model predictive control is a kind of optimal feedback control in which control performance over a finite future is optimized with a performance index that has a moving initial and terminal time. An important advantage of model predictive control is its ability to handle constraints imposed on state and control variables. Based on the model predictive control approach, the objective of this paper is to present a control method that satisfies probabilistic state constraints for linear discrete-time feedback control systems with random dither quantization. In other words, this paper provides a method for solving the optimal control problems subject to probabilistic state constraints for linear discrete-time feedback control systems with random dither quantization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20control" title="optimal control">optimal control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20systems" title=" stochastic systems"> stochastic systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20dither" title=" random dither"> random dither</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantization" title=" quantization"> quantization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63970/stochastic-model-predictive-control-for-linear-discrete-time-systems-with-random-dither-quantization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63970.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1332</span> Experimental Studies on the Effect of Rake Angle on Turning Ti-6Al-4V with TiAlN Coated Carbides</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satyanarayana%20Kosaraju">Satyanarayana Kosaraju</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Venu%20Gopal%20Anne"> Venu Gopal Anne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sateesh%20Nagari"> Sateesh Nagari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the effect of cutting speed, feedrate and rake angle in tool geometry on cutting forces and temperature generated on the tool tip in turning were investigated. The data used for the investigation derived from experiments conducted on precision lathe according to the full factorial design to observe the effect of each factor level on the process performance. During the tests, depth of cut were kept constant and each test was conducted with a sharp coated tool insert. Ti-6Al-4V was used as the workpiece material. The effects of cutting parameters and tool geometry on cutting forces and tool tip temperature were analyzed. The main cutting force was observed to have a decreasing trend and temperature found to be increasing trend as the rake angle increased. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutting%20force" title="cutting force">cutting force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tool%20tip%20temperature" title=" tool tip temperature"> tool tip temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rake%20angle" title=" rake angle"> rake angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machining" title=" machining"> machining</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37425/experimental-studies-on-the-effect-of-rake-angle-on-turning-ti-6al-4v-with-tialn-coated-carbides" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37425.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1331</span> Spatial Organization of Organelles in Living Cells: Insights from Mathematical Modelling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Congping%20Lin">Congping Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Intracellular transport in fungi has a number of important roles in, e.g., filamentous fungal growth and cellular metabolism. Two basic mechanisms for intracellular transport are motor-driven trafficking along microtubules (MTs) and diffusion. Mathematical modelling has been actively developed to understand such intracellular transport and provide unique insight into cellular complexity. Based on live-cell imaging data in Ustilago hyphal cells, probabilistic models have been developed to study mechanism underlying spatial organization of molecular motors and organelles. In particular, anther mechanism - stochastic motility of dynein motors along MTs has been found to contribute to half of its accumulation at hyphal tip in order to support early endosome (EE) recycling. The EE trafficking not only facilitates the directed motion of peroxisomes but also enhances their diffusive motion. Considering the importance of spatial organization of early endosomes in supporting peroxisome movement, computational and experimental approaches have been combined to a whole-cell level. Results from this interdisciplinary study promise insights into requirements for other membrane trafficking systems (e.g., in neurons), but also may inform future 'synthetic biology' studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intracellular%20transport" title="intracellular transport">intracellular transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20process" title=" stochastic process"> stochastic process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20motors" title=" molecular motors"> molecular motors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20organization" title=" spatial organization"> spatial organization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104702/spatial-organization-of-organelles-in-living-cells-insights-from-mathematical-modelling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104702.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1330</span> Vehicle Maneuverability on Horizontal Curves on Hilly Terrain: A Study on Shillong Highway</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Surendra%20Choudhary">Surendra Choudhary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sapan%20Tiwari"> Sapan Tiwari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The driver has two fundamental duties i) controlling the position of the vehicle along the longitudinal and lateral direction of movement ii) roadway width. Both of these duties are interdependent and are concurrently referred to as two-dimensional driver behavior. One of the main problems facing driver behavior modeling is to identify the parameters for describing the exemplary driving conduct and car maneuver under distinct traffic circumstances. Still, to date, there is no well-accepted theory that can comprehensively model the 2-D driver conduct (longitudinal and lateral). The primary objective of this research is to explore the vehicle's lateral longitudinal behavior in the heterogeneous condition of traffic on horizontal curves as well as the effect of road geometry on dynamic traffic parameters, i.e., car velocity and lateral placement. In this research, with their interrelationship, a thorough assessment of dynamic car parameters, i.e., speed, lateral acceleration, and turn radius. Also, horizontal curve road parameters, i.e., curvature radius, pavement friction, are performed. The dynamic parameters of the various types of car drivers are gathered using a VBOX GPS-based tool with high precision. The connection between dynamic car parameters and curve geometry is created after the removal of noise from the GPS trajectories. The major findings of the research are that car maneuvers with higher than the design limits of speed, acceleration, and lateral deviation on the studied curves of the highway. It can become lethal if the weather changes from dry to wet. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geometry" title="geometry">geometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maneuverability" title=" maneuverability"> maneuverability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terrain" title=" terrain"> terrain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trajectory" title=" trajectory"> trajectory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VBOX" title=" VBOX"> VBOX</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111906/vehicle-maneuverability-on-horizontal-curves-on-hilly-terrain-a-study-on-shillong-highway" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111906.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1329</span> An Optimal Algorithm for Finding (R, Q) Policy in a Price-Dependent Order Quantity Inventory System with Soft Budget Constraint </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Hamid%20Mirmohammadi">S. Hamid Mirmohammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahrazad%20Tamjidzad"> Shahrazad Tamjidzad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is concerned with the single-item continuous review inventory system in which demand is stochastic and discrete. The budget consumed for purchasing the ordered items is not restricted but it incurs extra cost when exceeding specific value. The unit purchasing price depends on the quantity ordered under the all-units discounts cost structure. In many actual systems, the budget as a resource which is occupied by the purchased items is limited and the system is able to confront the resource shortage by charging more costs. Thus, considering the resource shortage costs as a part of system costs, especially when the amount of resource occupied by the purchased item is influenced by quantity discounts, is well motivated by practical concerns. In this paper, an optimization problem is formulated for finding the optimal (R, Q) policy, when the system is influenced by the budget limitation and a discount pricing simultaneously. Properties of the cost function are investigated and then an algorithm based on a one-dimensional search procedure is proposed for finding an optimal (R, Q) policy which minimizes the expected system costs . <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%28R" title="(R">(R</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Q%29%20policy" title=" Q) policy"> Q) policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20demand" title=" stochastic demand"> stochastic demand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=backorders" title=" backorders"> backorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=limited%20resource" title=" limited resource"> limited resource</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantity%20discounts" title=" quantity discounts"> quantity discounts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28912/an-optimal-algorithm-for-finding-r-q-policy-in-a-price-dependent-order-quantity-inventory-system-with-soft-budget-constraint" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28912.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">641</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1328</span> Comparative Performance of Standing Whole Body Monitor and Shielded Chair Counter for In-vivo Measurements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Manohari">M. Manohari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Priyadharshini"> S. Priyadharshini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Bajeer%20Sulthan"> K. Bajeer Sulthan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Santhanam"> R. Santhanam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Chandrasekaran"> S. Chandrasekaran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Venkatraman"> B. Venkatraman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In-vivo monitoring facility at Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, caters to the monitoring of internal exposure of occupational radiation workers from various radioactive facilities of IGCAR. Internal exposure measurement is done using Na(Tl) based Scintillation detectors. Two types of whole-body counters, namely Shielded Chair Counter (SC) and Standing Whole-Body Monitor (SWBM), are being used. The shielded Chair is based on a NaI detector of 20.3 cm diameter and 10.15 cm thick. The chair of the system is shielded using lead shots of 10 cm lead equivalent and the detector with 8 cm lead bricks. Counting geometry is sitting geometry. Calibration is done using 95 percentile BOMAB phantom. The minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) for 137Cs for the 60s is 1150 Bq. Standing Wholebody monitor (SWBM) has two NaI(Tl) detectors of size 10.16 x 10.16 x 40.64 cm3 positioned serially, one over the other. It has a shielding thickness of 5cm lead equivalent. Counting is done in standup geometry. Calibration is done with the help of Ortec Phantom, having a uniform distribution of mixed radionuclides for the thyroid, thorax and pelvis. The efficiency of SWBM is 2.4 to 3.5 times higher than that of the shielded chair in the energy range of 279 to 1332 keV. MDA of 250 Bq for 137Cs can be achieved with a counting time of 60s. MDA for 131I in the thyroid was estimated as 100 Bq from the MDA of whole-body for one-day post intake. Standing whole body monitor is better in terms of efficiency, MDA and ease of positioning. In case of emergency situations, the optimal MDAs for in-vivo monitoring service are 1000 Bq for 137Cs and 100 Bq for 131I. Hence, SWBM is more suitable for the rapid screening of workers as well as the public in the case of an emergency. While a person reports for counting, there is a potential for external contamination. In SWBM, there is a feasibility to discriminate them as the subject can be counted in anterior or posterior geometry which is not possible in SC. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimum%20detectable%20activity" title="minimum detectable activity">minimum detectable activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shielded%20chair" title=" shielded chair"> shielded chair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shielding%20thickness" title=" shielding thickness"> shielding thickness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standing%20whole%20body%20monitor" title=" standing whole body monitor"> standing whole body monitor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185279/comparative-performance-of-standing-whole-body-monitor-and-shielded-chair-counter-for-in-vivo-measurements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185279.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">46</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20geometry&page=7" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20geometry&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20geometry&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20geometry&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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