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Abubakar</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Yusuf Sani Abubakar"> <meta name="keywords" content="Yusuf Sani Abubakar"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Yusuf Sani Abubakar"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 361</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Yusuf Sani Abubakar</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">361</span> Settlement of Dispute and the Islamic Financial Institutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Sani%20Abubakar">Yusuf Sani Abubakar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates mechanisms of settlement of disputes at the Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs). Dispute settlement at the Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs) can be both through litigation as well as Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR). The paper aims to investigate how disputes are settled at the Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs), as it is natural to have disagreements between different parties involved in the business of Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs). The paper adopts a qualitative methodology where the sources are taken from journals, books, websites etc. In analyzing the data obtained from the sources, content analysis will be used. In addition to writings on this topic by various writers, this paper will add to the literature and will recommend certain effective ways of solving disputes arising between parties participating in the business of Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20finance" title="Islamic finance">Islamic finance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispute%20resolution" title=" dispute resolution"> dispute resolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20financial%20institutions" title=" Islamic financial institutions"> Islamic financial institutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=litigation" title=" litigation"> litigation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154969/settlement-of-dispute-and-the-islamic-financial-institutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154969.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">360</span> Arabic Literature of Nigerian Authorship and the Spread of Values and Morality in Society: A Study from Isa Abukar Alabi’s “Ar-Riyaadh”</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tajudeen%20Yusuf">Tajudeen Yusuf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Arabic Literature of Nigerian Authorship, like others, has contributed widely to the spread of morality and values in human Society. There is no doubt that the relationship between literature and society has been widely conceived, for it reflects society and serves as a means of social control. Indeed, the influence of literature on attitude and human behaviors cannot be underestimated. Focused on some selected themes and verses in a literary work of Isa Abubakar Alabi known as (Ar-Ryaadh), the paper aims to reveal the contributions of the Arabic literary icon of Nigerian origin in spreading values and morality in society through his literary works. The study employs a descriptive method. Isa Abubakar Alabi, a Nigerian Arabic scholar, is known as a wise and famous poet not only in Nigeria but throughout West Africa and Arab countries at large. He has produced a sort of poetry that is distinguished with superiority in spreading peace, harmony, societal values and morality. Indeed, his literary works address humanism, kindness, honesty, law, justice, truthfulness, and patriotism, which may positively influence humans. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=literature" title=" literature"> literature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moral" title=" moral"> moral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=values" title=" values"> values</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172374/arabic-literature-of-nigerian-authorship-and-the-spread-of-values-and-morality-in-society-a-study-from-isa-abukar-alabis-ar-riyaadh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172374.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">359</span> Preparation and Characterization of Bioplastic from Sorghum Husks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hannatu%20Abubakar%20Sani">Hannatu Abubakar Sani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Umar%20Birnin%20Yauri"> Abubakar Umar Birnin Yauri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aliyu%20Muhammad"> Aliyu Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mujahid%20Salau"> Mujahid Salau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aminu%20Musa"> Aminu Musa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadiza%20Adamu%20Kwazo"> Hadiza Adamu Kwazo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The increase in the global population and advances in technology have made plastic materials to have wide applications in every aspect of life. However, the non-biodegradability of these petrochemical-based materials and their increasing accumulation in the environment has been a threat to the planet and has been a source of environmental concerns and hence, the driving force in the search for ‘green’ alternatives for which agricultural waste remains the front liner. Sorghum husk, an agricultural waste with potentials as a raw material in the production of bioplastic, was used in this research to prepare bioplastic using sulphuric acid-catalyzed acetylation process. The prepared bioplastic was characterized by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the structure of the prepared bioplastic was confirmed. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of the product displayed the presence of OH, C-H, C=O, and C-O absorption peaks. The bioplastic obtained is biodegradable and is affected by acid, salt, and alkali to a lesser extent. Other tests like solubility and swelling studies were carried out to ensure the commercial properties of these bioplastic materials. Therefore, this revealed that new bioplastics with better environmental and sustainable properties could be produced from agricultural waste, which may have applications in many industries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20waste" title="agricultural waste">agricultural waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioplastic" title=" bioplastic"> bioplastic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characterization" title=" characterization"> characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sorghum%20Husk" title=" Sorghum Husk "> Sorghum Husk </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121476/preparation-and-characterization-of-bioplastic-from-sorghum-husks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121476.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">358</span> Suitability of Indonesia's Tax Administration with Abu Yusuf Thought</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dina%20Safrina">Dina Safrina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to discuss the suitability of tax administration in Indonesia based on Islamic Shari'a by looking at Abu Yusuf's idea of taxation. This research is a qualitative research and using data collection method by library research, that is by studying, deepening and citing theories or concepts from a number of literature. The purpose of this paper is to find out whether taxation in Indonesia is consistent with the thinking of Islamic economists, namely Abu Yusuf's idea which became known by economists as the canons of taxation. The ability to pay, lax time giving for taxpayers and the centralization of decision-making in the tax administration are some of the principles it emphasizes. In taxation he recommends the use of the Muqassamah (Proportional Tax) system rather than the Mixed (Fixed Tax) system. In this case, the determination of tax rates in Indonesia there are using fixed tax system, proportional tax, progressive tax and regressive tax. Abu Yusuf opposed the existence of Qabalah institution (the guarantor of tax payments to the state) at the time and suggested a tax administration centered and paid directly to the state. This is in accordance with those already applied in Indonesia where tax collection is done centrally. The tax system in Indonesia using self assessment system, which is the authority and responsibility given by the government to the taxpayer to calculate, pay and report the tax itself becomes the gap for taxpayers to commit fraud. Prerequisites that must be met for the success of this system is with the tax consciousness, tax honesty, tax mindedness, and tax discipline. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abu%20Yusuf" title="Abu Yusuf">Abu Yusuf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indonesia" title=" Indonesia"> Indonesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tax" title=" tax"> tax</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tax%20administration" title=" tax administration"> tax administration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86479/suitability-of-indonesias-tax-administration-with-abu-yusuf-thought" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86479.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">357</span> The Element of Episode and Idea in the Descriptive Poetry of Hutai'A</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Ismaila%20Yusuf">Abubakar Ismaila Yusuf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research studied element of episode (events) and idea in the descriptive poetry of Hutai’a with the intention to sale the opinion of this type of analysis to others, and also encourage and open door for researchers that thinks only in drama and novel those elements can be implemented. The research uses explanatory method to point out the element of episode and ideology from the said poetry to show that the same element of drama can be seen in poetry. The research finds that element of drama and novel can be seen and implemented analytically in dramatic and some descriptive poetry and its likes. The researcher finally advice colleague to widened scope of research and always think of modernizing it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hutai%27a" title="Hutai'a">Hutai'a</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poetry" title=" poetry"> poetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drama" title=" drama"> drama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=novel" title=" novel"> novel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48474/the-element-of-episode-and-idea-in-the-descriptive-poetry-of-hutaia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48474.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">356</span> Survival Data with Incomplete Missing Categorical Covariates</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madaki%20Umar%20Yusuf">Madaki Umar Yusuf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Rizam%20B.%20Abubakar"> Mohd Rizam B. Abubakar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The survival censored data with incomplete covariate data is a common occurrence in many studies in which the outcome is survival time. With model when the missing covariates are categorical, a useful technique for obtaining parameter estimates is the EM by the method of weights. The survival outcome for the class of generalized linear model is applied and this method requires the estimation of the parameters of the distribution of the covariates. In this paper, we propose some clinical trials with ve covariates, four of which have some missing values which clearly show that they were fully censored data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EM%20algorithm" title="EM algorithm">EM algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incomplete%20categorical%20covariates" title=" incomplete categorical covariates"> incomplete categorical covariates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ignorable%20missing%20data" title=" ignorable missing data"> ignorable missing data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=missing%20at%20random%20%28MAR%29" title=" missing at random (MAR)"> missing at random (MAR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weibull%20Distribution" title=" Weibull Distribution"> Weibull Distribution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43520/survival-data-with-incomplete-missing-categorical-covariates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43520.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">355</span> Clinical Case Report of Fulminating Leptospirosis in a 4-Months Old Caucasian Dog: Public Health Significance and Ramifications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20N.%20Pilau">N. N. Pilau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Abubakar"> M. S. Abubakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Danmaigoro"> A. Danmaigoro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20C.%20Mshelia"> P. C. Mshelia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Sani"> Y. Sani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A severely debilitated 4months old Caucasian male dog presented dehydration, emaciation, vomiting, icteric ocular and oral mucous membranes, generalized lymphadenopathy, hematuria, anorexia and prolonged recumbency. Clinical workup was done in established protocols for diagnosis based on history, clinical signs and selected laboratory tests. Treatment course were administered over 48hours during which the patient died of overwhelming hepatopathy, nephropathy and pneumonia. Postmortem findings supported by ante mortem laboratory test results tentatively diagnosed leptospirosis, a disease endemic and presenting potentially fatal epidemics and zoonoses in some countries amongst the developing regions of the world. This disease is reviewed and a call for attention on the public health significance of the disease is hereby presented through this case report. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=canine" title="canine">canine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endemic" title=" endemic"> endemic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leptospirosis" title=" leptospirosis"> leptospirosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prevalence" title=" prevalence"> prevalence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31343/clinical-case-report-of-fulminating-leptospirosis-in-a-4-months-old-caucasian-dog-public-health-significance-and-ramifications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31343.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">515</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">354</span> In Stemming Out Societal Depravity: Existentialism, Realism, and Contrapuntal Criticism in Nigerian Arabic Poetry: Ibn Yusuf’s Anthology as Paradigm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izzudeen%20Adetunji">Izzudeen Adetunji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The intrinsic nexus between man and society is apparently unknown to many people despite understanding the real responsibility and immense roles in society. Amongst the in-depth roles of a man as an agent of the societal reformer is to be a driven force towards installing normalcy and socio-cultural change in society. The paradoxical attitudes of man in engaging in social vices, illicit characters, and unwanted attitudes have given birth to decay and ill-society. However, the need for social change or socio-cultural evolution might be necessary to install normalcy and social order. Nigerian Arabic poets since the 19th century have tremendously engaged in utilizing their poetry for social change through socio-cultural, religious, economic, scientific, or technological forces. This engagement has hitherto yielded a positive outcome for societal reform. The anthology of Ibn Yusuf is one of the compendiums of poetries revealing societal depravity, man’s social vices, and atrocities; which later called to flawlessness. The theoretical framework would be examined through the Heraclitan model, focusing on a parallel to that of a living organism, which, in order to remain alive, must constantly change. Therefore, the thrust of this paper is to examine the societal maladies as elucidated in Ibn Yusuf’s anthology and proffer a contrapuntal criticism of it. Before delving into the main discussion, the paper will examine the concepts of existentialism and realism as a philosophical interface. Likewise, the issues of man and social change, an overview of Nigerian Arabic poetry, will be discussed. Ibn Yusuf’s biography and scholarship and the review of his anthology will be studied. The paper will conclude by critically examining the contrapuntal criticism of societal maladies through Ibn Yusuf’s anthology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=societal%20depravity" title="societal depravity">societal depravity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=existentialism" title=" existentialism"> existentialism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=realism" title=" realism"> realism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria%20Arabic%20poetry" title=" Nigeria Arabic poetry"> Nigeria Arabic poetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibn%20Yusuf%E2%80%99s%20anthology" title=" Ibn Yusuf’s anthology"> Ibn Yusuf’s anthology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contrapuntal%20criticism" title=" contrapuntal criticism"> contrapuntal criticism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188858/in-stemming-out-societal-depravity-existentialism-realism-and-contrapuntal-criticism-in-nigerian-arabic-poetry-ibn-yusufs-anthology-as-paradigm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188858.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">25</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">353</span> Raw Japanese Quail Egg Produces Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory and Gastro-Protective Effects in Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sani%20Ismaila">Sani Ismaila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shafiu%20Yau"> Shafiu Yau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Salisu"> Abubakar Salisu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buhari%20Salisu"> Buhari Salisu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharifat%20Balogun"> Sharifat Balogun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Abubakar"> Mustapha Abubakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Biobaku%20Khalid"> Biobaku Khalid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agaie%20Bello"> Agaie Bello</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Over the years, Japanese quail egg has been in use in the management of diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective effects of raw Quail egg (yolk + albumin) in rats. Pain was assessed in rats by recording the latent period and writing reflex, anti-inflammatory effect was determined using both motility and compression test, while the gastro-protective effects were assessed by observing the histology of the stomach after diclofenac-induced gastric ulcers and subsequent treatment with the quail egg, Rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups; Groups I: were the control non-treated (NT), Group II were treated with Tramadol 50 mg/kg/Os (TMD) or Indomethacin (IND) 5mg/kg/Os (positive control for the writhing reflex determination), while group III and IV were treated with 3 and 6g/kg of raw quail egg respectively). Groups treated with quail egg in both doses showed a significant increase in the latent period (p <0 .05) when compared to the control NT, but lower than the group treated with tramadol at 20mins interval (p<0.05). Writing reflexes decrease in groups II, III, and IV compared to the NT group (p < 0.05). While motility increases significantly (p < 0.05) in groups II, compared to I (p<0.05). Control non-treated rats showed a quicker and extensive response to compression using the Vanier calliper on the inflamed paw compared to groups II-IV (p < 0.05). Histological studies of the stomach revealed sloughing of the epithelia, cellular infiltration with micro abscesses in the non-treated, while groups treated concurrently with quail egg showed proliferation of the glandular epithelia and goblet cells, and those treated 30 minutes before diclofenac administration showed proliferation of glands and thickening of the squamous epithelia. This study showed that quail egg has analgesic, anti-inflammatory and gastro-protective potentials and can be used as adjuvant treatment whenever COX-2 enzymes inhibitors are indicated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analgesia" title="analgesia">analgesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-inflammatory" title=" anti-inflammatory"> anti-inflammatory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gastroprotective%20effect" title=" gastroprotective effect"> gastroprotective effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=japanese%20quail%20egg" title=" japanese quail egg"> japanese quail egg</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74209/raw-japanese-quail-egg-produces-analgesic-anti-inflammatory-and-gastro-protective-effects-in-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74209.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">352</span> State of Art in Software Requirement Negotiation Process Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shamsu%20Abdullahi">Shamsu Abdullahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazir%20Yusuf"> Nazir Yusuf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hazrina%20Sofian"> Hazrina Sofian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Zakari"> Abubakar Zakari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amina%20Nura"> Amina Nura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salisu%20Suleiman"> Salisu Suleiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Requirements negotiation process models help in resolving conflicting requirements of the heterogeneous stakeholders in the software development industry. This is to achieve a shared vision of software projects to be developed by the industry. Negotiating stakeholder agreements is a serious and difficult task in the software development process. There are many requirements negotiation process models that effectively negotiate stakeholder agreements that have been proposed by the research community. Other issues in the requirements negotiation research domain include stakeholder communication, decision-making, lack of negotiation interoperability, and managing requirement changes and analysis. This study highlights the current state of the art in the existing software requirements negotiation process models. The study also describes the issues and limitations in the software requirements negotiations process models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=requirements" title="requirements">requirements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=negotiation" title=" negotiation"> negotiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stakeholders" title=" stakeholders"> stakeholders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agreements" title=" agreements"> agreements</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161397/state-of-art-in-software-requirement-negotiation-process-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161397.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">197</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">351</span> Bioassay Guided Isolation of Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Components from Ethyl Acetate Extracts of Cassia sieberiana D.C. (Fabaceae)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sani%20Abubakar">Sani Abubakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oumar%20Al-Mubarak%20Adoum"> Oumar Al-Mubarak Adoum</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The leaves extracts of Cassia sieberiana D. C. were screened for antimicrobial bioassay against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Escherichia coli and cytotoxicity using Brine Shrimp Test (BST). The crude ethanol extract, Chloroform soluble fraction, aqueous soluble fraction, ethyl acetate soluble fraction, methanol soluble fraction, and n-hexane soluble fraction were tested against antimicrobial and cytotoxicity. The Ethyl acetate fraction obtained proved to be most active in inducing complete lethality at minimum doses in BST and also active on Salmonella typhi. The bioactivity result was used to guide the column chromatography, which led to the isolation of pure compound CSB-8, which was found active in the BST with an LC₅₀ value of 34(722-182)µg/ml and showed remarkable activity on Salmonella typhi (zone of inhibition 25mm) at 10,000µg/ml. The ¹H-NMR, ¹³C NMR, FTIR, and GC-MS spectra of the compound suggested the proposed structure to be 2-pentadecanone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20bioassay" title="antimicrobial bioassay">antimicrobial bioassay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=column%20chromatagraphy" title=" column chromatagraphy"> column chromatagraphy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cassia%20sieberiana%20D.C." title=" Cassia sieberiana D.C."> Cassia sieberiana D.C.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187049/bioassay-guided-isolation-of-cytotoxic-and-antimicrobial-components-from-ethyl-acetate-extracts-of-cassia-sieberiana-dc-fabaceae" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187049.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">45</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">350</span> Physicochemical Analysis of Soxhlet Extracted Oils from Selected Northern Nigerian Seeds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulhamid%20Abubakar">Abdulhamid Abubakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sani%20Ibrahim"> Sani Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fakai%20I.%20Musa"> Fakai I. Musa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the present study is to investigate the potential use of the selected seed oils. The oil was extracted using Soxhlet apparatus and the physicochemical characteristics of the oil determined using standard methods. The following results were obtained for the physicochemical parameters analysed: for Egusi seed oil, Oil yield 53.20%, Saponification value 178.03±1.25 mgKOH/g, iodine value 49.10±0.32 g I2/100 g, acid value 4.30±0.86 mgKOH/g, and Peroxide value 5.80±0.27 meq/kg were obtained. For Pawpaw seed oil, Oil yield 40.10%, Saponification value 24.13±3.93 mgKOH/g, iodine value 24.87±0.19 g I2/100g, acid value 9.46±0.40 mgKOH/g, and Peroxide value 3.12±1.22 meq/kg were obtained. For Sweet orange seed oil, oil yield 43.10%, Saponification value 106.30±2.37 mgKOH/g, Iodine value 37.08±0.04 g I2/100g, acid value 7.59±0.77 mgKOH/g, and Peroxide value 2.21±0.46 meq/kg were obtained. From the obtained values of the determined parameters, the oils can be extracted from the three selected seeds in commercial quantities and that the egusi and sweet orange seed oils may be utilized in the industrial soap production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carica%20papaya" title="Carica papaya">Carica papaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Citrus%20sinensis" title=" Citrus sinensis"> Citrus sinensis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physicochemical" title=" physicochemical"> physicochemical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iodine%20value" title=" iodine value"> iodine value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peroxide%20value" title=" peroxide value"> peroxide value</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15152/physicochemical-analysis-of-soxhlet-extracted-oils-from-selected-northern-nigerian-seeds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15152.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">442</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">349</span> Revisiting Hospital Ward Design Basics for Sustainable Family Integration </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Abubakar%20Alkali">Ibrahim Abubakar Alkali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Sarkile%20Kawuwa"> Abubakar Sarkile Kawuwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Sani%20Khalil"> Ibrahim Sani Khalil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The concept of space and function forms the bedrock for spatial configuration in architectural design. Thus, the effectiveness and functionality of an architectural product depends their cordial relationship. This applies to all buildings especially to a hospital ward setting designed to accommodate various complex and diverse functions. Health care facilities design, especially an inpatient setting, is governed by many regulations and technical requirements. It is also affected by many less defined needs, particularly, response to culture and the need to provide for patient families’ presence and participation. The spatial configuration of the hospital ward setting in developing countries has no consideration for the patient’s families despite the significant role they play in promoting recovery. Attempts to integrate facilities for patients’ families have always been challenging, especially in developing countries like Nigeria, where accommodation for inpatients is predominantly in an open ward system. In addition, the situation is compounded by culture, which significantly dictates healthcare practices in Africa. Therefore, achieving such a hospital ward setting that is patient and family-centered requires careful assessment of family care actions and transaction spaces so as to arrive at an evidence based solution. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify how hospital ward spaces can be reconfigured to provide for sustainable family integration. In achieving this aim, a qualitative approach using the principles of behavioral mapping was employed in male and female medical wards of the Federal Teaching Hospital (FTH) Gombe, Nigeria. The data obtained was analysed using classical and comparative content analysis. Patients’ families have been found to be a critical component of hospital ward design that cannot be undermined. Accordingly, bedsides, open yards, corridors and foyers have been identified as patient families’ transaction spaces that require design attention. Arriving at sustainable family integration can be achieved by revisiting the design requirements of the family transaction spaces based on the findings in order to avoid the rowdiness of the wards and uncoordinated sprawl. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caregiving" title="caregiving">caregiving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20basics" title=" design basics"> design basics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20integration" title=" family integration"> family integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospital%20ward" title=" hospital ward"> hospital ward</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76564/revisiting-hospital-ward-design-basics-for-sustainable-family-integration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76564.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">305</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">348</span> Electrical Geophysical and Physiochemical Assessment of the Impact of Environmental Pollution on the Groundwater Potential of a Waste Land fill at Tudun Murtala in Nassarawa Local Government Area, Kano State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Maitama%20Yusuf%20Hotoro">Abubakar Maitama Yusuf Hotoro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olokpo%20Israel%20Olofu"> Olokpo Israel Olofu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20U.%20Tarauni"> Yusuf U. Tarauni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mudassir%20A.%20Umar"> Mudassir A. Umar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aliyu%20A"> Aliyu A</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dahiru%20Garba%20Diso"> Dahiru Garba Diso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Usman%20H.%20Jamoh"> Usman H. Jamoh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Sale"> M. Sale</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study assessed the impact of environmental pollution on groundwater potential at Tudun Murtala waste land fill using electrical resistivity, induced polarization and Physiochemical methods. The study area is located between latitude 12.023678N and longitude 8.573676 E. Geophysical data were collected at maximum length of 140m along twelve profiles using ABEM Terrameter SAS 1000. Results from the Geophysical analysis showed that the profiles were underlain by three lithological layers; the top layer consisting of Loamy and Sand soils, alluvium, granite, shale and sandstone. The second and third layers were predominantly made of weathered and fractured basements respectively. The potential groundwater water bearing zones of the study area occurred at VES2, VES4, VES5, VES6 and VES7. The thicknesses of the sounding points were found to be 20.8m at VES2; 25.2m at VES4; 13.2m at VES5; 50.8m at VES6 and 13.3m at VES7. The corresponding depths for the sounding points were 20.8m at VES2; 27.9m at VES4; 26.7m at VES5; 51.6m at VES6 and 24.9m at VES7 respectively. The Physiochemical study of selected groundwater samples assessed parameters such as the Electrical Conductivity, EC (288dS/m to 1365dS/m), TDS (170.8mg/L to 820mg/L) Pb (0.546mg/l to 0.629mg/l), Cu (-0.001mg/l to 0.004mg/l), and Cd (0.031mg/l to 0.092mg/l). The physiochemical results showed that the groundwater around the dumpsite may have been contaminated, especially in Dumpsite Hole 1 and Hole 2 at VES4 and VES6 respectively. There are indications for suspected leachate mitigation around the two VES points. Even though, the pH values of 6.4 and 6.2 at the two sounding points were considered to be within the permissible pH range (6.5 to 6.8). The values of other elements present in the groundwater for the samples at other VES points were found to be above permissible WHO and Nigerian Standards for Drinking Water. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistivity%20induced%20polarization" title="resistivity induced polarization">resistivity induced polarization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chargeability" title=" chargeability"> chargeability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landfill" title=" landfill"> landfill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leachate" title=" leachate"> leachate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contamination" title=" contamination"> contamination</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179091/electrical-geophysical-and-physiochemical-assessment-of-the-impact-of-environmental-pollution-on-the-groundwater-potential-of-a-waste-land-fill-at-tudun-murtala-in-nassarawa-local-government-area-kano-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179091.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">347</span> Magnetohydrodynamic Couette Flow of Fractional Burger’s Fluid in an Annulus</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sani%20Isa">Sani Isa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Musa"> Ali Musa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Burgers’ fluid with a fractional derivatives model in an annulus was analyzed. Combining appropriately the basic equations, with the fractionalized fractional Burger’s fluid model allow us to determine the velocity field, temperature and shear stress. The governing partial differential equation was solved using the combine Laplace transformation method and Riemann sum approximation to give velocity field, temperature and shear stress on the fluid flow. The influence of various parameters like fractional parameters, relaxation time and retardation time, are drawn. The results obtained are simulated using Mathcad software and presented graphically. From the graphical results, we observed that the relaxation time and time helps the flow pattern, on the other hand, other material constants resist the fluid flow while fractional parameters effect on fluid flow is opposite to each other. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sani%20isa" title="sani isa">sani isa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20musaburger%E2%80%99s%20fluid" title=" Ali musaburger’s fluid"> Ali musaburger’s fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laplace%20transform" title=" Laplace transform"> Laplace transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20derivatives" title=" fractional derivatives"> fractional derivatives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=annulus" title=" annulus"> annulus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190150/magnetohydrodynamic-couette-flow-of-fractional-burgers-fluid-in-an-annulus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190150.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">24</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">346</span> Growing Acts of Terrorism in Local Conflicts: A Dire Need for International Attention</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Abubakar%20Mamud">Yusuf Abubakar Mamud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Highlighting the imperatives of local conflicts considering the dangerous dimensions of terrorism they are assuming in Africa has not attracted serious academic and political attention. The discourse about conflict in Africa was discussed within five identified conflict zones in the continent. The threats from these local conflicts are diverse and complex and the acts of terrorism in these local conflicts are driven by certain attitudes and behaviours linked to the African leadership. The paper examined and noted that the current conflict resolution model of the African Union (AU) was robust with requisite institutions to address the trends in local conflicts. However, it was observed that the AU peace and security framework lacked the requisite structural and technical capabilities to proactively address the drivers of local conflicts in Africa. It was found that the persistence of local conflicts in the African region may deny her the opportunities of achievement of the targets envisioned in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Consequently, the paper called on the international community to support Africa through provision of capacity. It urged the African leaders themselves to develop the political will to ensure that all issues concerning peace and security in the continent were guided by the provisions of the AU Constitutive Act. The need to strengthen the APRM in the light of the current trends in local conflicts was also highlighted. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflicts" title="conflicts">conflicts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20conflicts" title=" local conflicts"> local conflicts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terrorism" title=" terrorism"> terrorism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75178/growing-acts-of-terrorism-in-local-conflicts-a-dire-need-for-international-attention" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75178.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">345</span> Eco-Friendly Approach in the Management of Stored Sorghum Insect Pests in Small-Scale Farmers’ Storage Structures of Northern Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Suleiman">Mohammed Suleiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Sani"> Ibrahim Sani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samaila%20Abubakar"> Samaila Abubakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kabir%20Abdullahi%20Bindawa"> Kabir Abdullahi Bindawa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Farmers’ storage structures in Pauwa village of Katsina State, Northern Nigeria, were simulated and incorporated with the application of leaf powders of Euphorbia balsamifera Aiton, Lawsonia inermis L., Mitracarpus hirtus (L.) DC. and Senna obtusifolia L. to search for more eco-friendly methods of managing insect pests of stored sorghum. The four most commonly grown sorghum varieties in the study area, namely “Farar Kaura” (FK), “Jar Kaura” (JK), “Yar Gidan Daudu” (YGD), and ICSV400 in threshed forms were used for the study. The four varieties (2.50 kg each) were packed in small polypropylene bags, mixed with the leaf powders at the concentration of 5% (w/w) of the plants, and kept in small stores of the aforementioned village for 12 weeks. Insect pests recovered after 12 weeks were Sitophilus zeamais, Rhyzopertha dominica, Tribolium castaneum, Cryptolestes ferrugineus, and Oryzaephilus surinamensis. There were significantly fewer insect pests in treated sorghum than in untreated types (p < 0.05). More weight losses were recorded in untreated grains than in those treated with the botanical powders. In terms of varieties, grain weight losses were in the order FK > JK > YGD > ICSV400. The botanicals also showed significant (p < 0.05) protectant ability against the weevils with their performance as E. balsamifera > L. inermis > M. hirtus > S. obtusifolia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=botanical%20powders" title="botanical powders">botanical powders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infestations" title=" infestations"> infestations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insect%20pests" title=" insect pests"> insect pests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sorghum%20varieties" title=" sorghum varieties"> sorghum varieties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storage%20structures" title=" storage structures"> storage structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weight%20losses" title=" weight losses"> weight losses</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172557/eco-friendly-approach-in-the-management-of-stored-sorghum-insect-pests-in-small-scale-farmers-storage-structures-of-northern-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172557.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">344</span> A Survey of the Constraints Associated with the Mechanized Tillage of the Fadama Using Animal Drawn Tillage Implements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20G.%20Abubakar">L. G. Abubakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20El-Okene"> A. M. El-Okene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20L.%20Suleiman"> M. L. Suleiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Abubakar"> Z. Abubakar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fadama tillage in Northern Nigeria and in Zaria in particular, has relied on manual labour and corresponding implements which are associated with drudgery, loss of human energy due to bending and reduced productivity. A survey was conducted to study the present tillage practices and determine the constraints associated with the use of animal traction for mechanized tillage of the Fadama. The study revealed that Fadama farmers (mostly aged between 36 and 60 years) use manual labour with tools like small hoe, big hoe and rake to till during the dry season (October of one year to March of the next year). Most of the Fadama farmers believe that tillage operations like ploughing, harrowing and basin making are very important tillage activities in the preparation of seedbeds for crops like green maize, sugarcane and vegetables, but are constrained to using animal traction for tillage due to beliefs like unsuitability of the workbulls and corresponding implements, Fadama soil being too heavy for the system and the non-attainment of deep tillage required by crops like sugarcane and potato. These were affirmed by local blacksmiths of animal traction implements and agricultural officers of government establishments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=snimal%20traction" title="snimal traction">snimal traction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadama" title=" Fadama"> Fadama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tillage%20implements" title=" tillage implements"> tillage implements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workbulls" title=" workbulls"> workbulls</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16349/a-survey-of-the-constraints-associated-with-the-mechanized-tillage-of-the-fadama-using-animal-drawn-tillage-implements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16349.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">507</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">343</span> Inherited Eye Diseases in Africa: A Scoping Review and Strategy for an African Longitudinal Eye Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bawa%20Yusuf%20Muhammad">Bawa Yusuf Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Musa%20Abubakar%20Kana"> Musa Abubakar Kana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aminatu%20Abdulrahman"> Aminatu Abdulrahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kerry%20Goetz"> Kerry Goetz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Inherited eye diseases are disorders that affect globally, 1 in 1000 people. The six main world populations have created databases containing information on eye genotypes. Aim: The aim of the scoping review was to mine and present the available information to date on the genetics of inherited eye diseases within the African continent. Method: Literature Search Strategy was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). PubMed and Google Scholar searched for articles on inherited eye diseases from inception to 20th June 2022. Both Original and review articles that report on inherited, genetic or developmental/congenital eye diseases within the African Continent were included in the research. Results: A total of 1162 citations were obtained, but only 37 articles were reviewed based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The highest output of publications on inherited eye diseases comes from South Africa and Tunisia (about 43%), followed by Morocco and Egypt (27%), then Sub-Saharan Africa and North Africa (13.50%), while the remaining articles (16.5%) originated from Nigeria, Ghana, Mauritania Cameroon, Zimbabwe and combined article between Zimbabwe and Cameroon. Glaucoma and inherited retinal disorders represent the most studied diseases, followed by Albinism and congenital cataracts, respectively. Conclusion: Despite the growing research from Tunisia, Morocco, Egypt and South Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa remains almost a virgin region to explore the genetics of eye diseases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inherited%20eye%20diseases" title="inherited eye diseases">inherited eye diseases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Africa" title=" Africa"> Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scoping%20review" title=" scoping review"> scoping review</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=longitudinal%20eye%20study" title=" longitudinal eye study"> longitudinal eye study</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184310/inherited-eye-diseases-in-africa-a-scoping-review-and-strategy-for-an-african-longitudinal-eye-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184310.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">57</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">342</span> Job in Modern Arabic Poetry: A Semantic and Comparative Approach to Two Poems Referring to the Poet Al-Sayyab</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeries%20Khoury">Jeries Khoury</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of legendary, folkloric and religious symbols is one of the most important phenomena in modern Arabic poetry. Interestingly enough, most of the modern Arabic poetry’s pioneers were so fascinated by the biblical symbols and they managed to use many modern techniques to make these symbols adequate for their personal life from one side and fit to their Islamic beliefs from the other. One of the most famous poets to do so was al-Sayya:b. The way he employed one of these symbols ‘job’, the new features he adds to this character and the link between this character and his personal life will be discussed in this study. Besides, the study will examine the influence of al-Sayya:b on another modern poet Saadi Yusuf, who, following al-Sayya:b, used the character of Job in a special way, by mixing its features with al-Sayya:b’s personal features and in this way creating a new mixed character. A semantic, cultural and comparative analysis of the poems written by al-Sayya:b himself and the other poets who evoked the mixed image of al-Sayya:b-Job, can reveal the changes Arab poets made to the original biblical figure of Job to bring it closer to Islamic culture. The paper will make an intensive use of intertextuality idioms in order to shed light on the network of relations between three kinds of texts (indeed three <span dir="RTL">‘</span><em>palimpsests</em>’: 1- biblical- the primary text; 2- poetic- al-Syya:b’s secondary version; 3- re-poetic- Sa’di Yusuf’s tertiary version). The bottom line in this paper is that that al-Sayya:b was directly influenced by the dramatic biblical story of Job more than the brief Quranic version of the story. In fact, the ‘new’ character of Job designed by al-Sayya:b himself differs from the original one in many aspects that we can safely say it is the Sayyabian-Job that cannot be found in the poems of any other poets, unless they are evoking the own tragedy of al-Sayya:b himself, like what Saadi Yusuf did. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabic%20poetry" title="Arabic poetry">Arabic poetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intertextuality" title=" intertextuality"> intertextuality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job" title=" job"> job</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meter" title=" meter"> meter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modernism" title=" modernism"> modernism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=symbolism" title=" symbolism"> symbolism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101263/job-in-modern-arabic-poetry-a-semantic-and-comparative-approach-to-two-poems-referring-to-the-poet-al-sayyab" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101263.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">199</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">341</span> A Comparative Performance of Polyaspartic Acid and Sodium Polyacrylate on Silicate Scale Inhibition </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismail%20Bin%20Mohd%20Saaid">Ismail Bin Mohd Saaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Abubakar%20Umar"> Abubakar Abubakar Umar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite the successes recorded by Alkaline/Surfactant/Polymer (ASP) flooding as an effective chemical EOR technique, the combination CEOR is not unassociated with stern glitches, one of which is the scaling of downhole equipment. One of the major issues inside the oil industry is how to control scale formation, regardless of whether it is in the wellhead equipment, down-hole pipelines or even the actual field formation. The best approach to handle the challenge associated with oilfield scale formation is the application of scale inhibitors to avert the scale formation. Chemical inhibitors have been employed in doing such. But due to environmental regulations, the industry have focused on using green scale inhibitors to mitigate the formation of scales. This paper compares the scale inhibition performance of Polyaspartic acid and sodium polyacrylic acid, both commercial green scale inhibitors, in mitigating silicate scales formed during Alkaline/Surfactant/polymer flooding under static conditions. Both PASP and TH5000 are non-threshold inhibitors, therefore their efficiency was only seeing in delaying the deposition of the silicate scales. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alkaline%2Fsurfactant%2Fpolymer%20flooding%20%28ASP%29" title="alkaline/surfactant/polymer flooding (ASP)">alkaline/surfactant/polymer flooding (ASP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyaspartic%20acid%20%28PASP%29" title=" polyaspartic acid (PASP)"> polyaspartic acid (PASP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium%20polyacrylate%20%28SPA%29" title=" sodium polyacrylate (SPA)"> sodium polyacrylate (SPA)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29025/a-comparative-performance-of-polyaspartic-acid-and-sodium-polyacrylate-on-silicate-scale-inhibition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29025.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">351</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">340</span> Benefits and Drawbacks of Robotic Firefighting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukhtar%20Ibrahim%20Bello">Mukhtar Ibrahim Bello</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20U.%20Aikawa"> Ibrahim U. Aikawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Sadiq%20Muhammad"> Abubakar Sadiq Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Baballe%20Ahmad"> Muhammad Baballe Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> These vital signs can be tracked by wearable sensors, which can also be used to assess patients' health. As a result, they can be very beneficial to patients and healthcare professionals in the diagnosis of diseases, particularly when it comes to taking a patient's body temperature in infectious disorders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20out-break" title="fire out-break">fire out-break</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robots" title=" robots"> robots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saving" title=" saving"> saving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dangerous%20environments" title=" dangerous environments"> dangerous environments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impacts" title=" impacts"> impacts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179406/benefits-and-drawbacks-of-robotic-firefighting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179406.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">339</span> Contents for the Maintenance and Troubleshooting of Anti-lock Braking System for Automobile Craftsmen in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arah%20Abubakar%20Saidu">Arah Abubakar Saidu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Audu%20Rufai"> Audu Rufai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulkadir%20Mohammed"> Abdulkadir Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Yakubu%20Umar"> Ibrahim Yakubu Umar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Idris%20Abubakar%20Mohammed"> Idris Abubakar Mohammed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study determined the contents for the maintenance and troubleshooting of an anti-lock braking system for automobile craftsmen in Nigeria. Two research questions were raised and answered and two null hypotheses were formulated and tested at a .05 level of significance. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The study was conducted in Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja, Kaduna, Kano, Lagos and Plateau States, Nigeria. The targeted population for the study was 99 consisting of all 43 non-teaching Subject Matter Experts (SMEs). The study utilized the whole population of the study. The instruments used for data collection were Anti-lock Braking System Maintenance and Troubleshooting Contents Questionnaire (ABSMTQ). Mean was used to analyze data that answered research questions and Z-test was used in testing the null hypotheses. Findings revealed, among others, that 81 items as content for the maintenance of ABS and 61 items as content for troubleshooting ABS for automobile craftsmen in Nigeria. Based on the findings of the study, the recommended, among others, that the National Board for Technical Education should include the contents for the maintenance and troubleshooting ABS in Motor Vehicle Mechanic Works curriculum used for training automobile craftsmen through the process of curriculum review in order to equip them with the competencies in troubleshooting and maintenance of ABS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-lock%20braking%20system" title="anti-lock braking system">anti-lock braking system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maintenance" title=" maintenance"> maintenance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=troubleshooting" title=" troubleshooting"> troubleshooting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automobile%20craftsmen" title=" automobile craftsmen"> automobile craftsmen</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160491/contents-for-the-maintenance-and-troubleshooting-of-anti-lock-braking-system-for-automobile-craftsmen-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160491.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">338</span> Enhancing Access to Microfinance for Housing Provision in the Informal Sector of North East Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wilfred%20Emmannuel%20Dzasu">Wilfred Emmannuel Dzasu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sani%20Usman%20Kunya"> Sani Usman Kunya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inuwa%20Yusuf%20Mohammed"> Inuwa Yusuf Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moses%20Jonathan%20Gambo"> Moses Jonathan Gambo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research aimed at investigating and identifying the strategies for enhancing access to microfinance for housing provision in the informal sector of North East Nigeria, with a focus on addressing the critical issue of housing poverty and lack of access to affordable housing finance among low-income households in the informal sector. The study employed an exploratory sequential mixed method design, combining both qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis techniques. In the qualitative phase, 12 participants from microfinance institutions (MFIs) in four selected states (Adamawa, Bauchi, Gombe, and Taraba) were interviewed. The interviews were conducted using an interview guide with open-ended questions and were recorded with the consent of the respondents. In the quantitative phase, a survey strategy was adopted to collect data from 500 questionnaires distributed to informal sector workers (ISWs) in the study area. A total of 350 questionnaires were returned, representing a 70.0% response rate. The most preferred strategy for improving access to housing microfinance among ISWs is aggressive awareness of housing financing options by MFIs, with a mean score of 4.213; the most important strategy for improving access to housing microfinance among MFIs is close monitoring and adequate supervision of housing loan beneficiaries by MFIs, with a mean score of 4.675. The study identified several government-related strategies that are necessary for enhancing access to housing microfinance, including the provision of grants and subsidized intervention funds for housing, improvement in infrastructures to aid housing developments, and adequate measures for checking inflation/price fluctuation of building materials. The study also identified several MFI-related strategies that are necessary for enhancing access to housing microfinance, including deliberate expansion in the capital bases of MFIs, adequate training and capacity development of MFIs staff on relevant skills in housing micro-financing, and introduction of loan products that suit the incremental building needs of informal sector workers. Overall, the study highlights the need for a combination of government-related and MFI-related strategies to enhance access to microfinance for housing provision in the informal sector of North East Nigeria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finanace" title="finanace">finanace</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microfinance" title=" microfinance"> microfinance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing" title=" housing"> housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=North%20East%20Nigeria" title=" North East Nigeria"> North East Nigeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191692/enhancing-access-to-microfinance-for-housing-provision-in-the-informal-sector-of-north-east-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191692.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">25</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">337</span> Litho-Structural Variations and Gold Mineralization around Wonaka Schist Belt, North West Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umar%20Sambo%20Umar">Umar Sambo Umar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Isah%20Haruna"> Ahmad Isah Haruna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Sadik%20Maigari"> Abubakar Sadik Maigari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Bello%20Abubakar"> Muhammad Bello Abubakar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Schist belts in Nigeria occur prominently west of longitude 80 E and sporadic to the east, they are upper Proterozioc low-medium grade deformed metasediments and metavolcanics that were intruded by Pan-African granitoids. The Wonaka schist belt, though reportedly distinctive in composition and metamorphism, is the least understood; the host for primary gold were not defined, structures which may control primary enrichment have not been delineated. The aim of this work is to determine the relationship between litho-structures and the gold around Wonaka schist belt through geological field mapping, petrographic studies and structural data analysis via ArcGis 10.2, Surfer 11.0 and Stereopro 2.0. The results show that the major rock types are mica schist and migmatites, muscovites detected during microstructural analysis suggests low-grade metamorphism in the metapelites. The shear zones identified were trending North Northeast – South Southwest (NNE-SSW), fractures trend mostly Northeast-Southwest (NE-SW) perpendicular to planes of gneissic foliations, these conform to the late Pan-African deformational episode. Pegmatite lodes, net self-cross cutting quartz veins as well as the quartz stringers hosted by both migmatites and schist are delineated as targets for primary gold mineralization, while major confluences of the streams serve as zones for secondary (placer) gold targets since the streams are dendritic and intermittent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gold%20mineralization" title="gold mineralization">gold mineralization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migmatites" title=" migmatites"> migmatites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wonaka%20schist%20belt" title=" Wonaka schist belt"> Wonaka schist belt</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95992/litho-structural-variations-and-gold-mineralization-around-wonaka-schist-belt-north-west-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95992.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">336</span> Using Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors in Population Growth and Stability Obtaining</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Sadiq%20Mensah">Abubakar Sadiq Mensah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Knowledge of the population growth of a nation is paramount to national planning. The population of a place is studied and a model developed over a period of time, Matrices is used to form model for population growth. The eigenvalue ƛ of the matrix A and its corresponding eigenvector X is such that AX = ƛX is calculated. The stable age distribution of the population is obtained using the eigenvalue and the characteristic polynomial. Hence, estimation could be made using eigenvalues and eigenvectors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eigenvalues" title="eigenvalues">eigenvalues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eigenvectors" title=" eigenvectors"> eigenvectors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=population" title=" population"> population</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth%2Fstability" title=" growth/stability"> growth/stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49175/using-eigenvalues-and-eigenvectors-in-population-growth-and-stability-obtaining" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49175.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">521</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">335</span> Parameter Study for TPU Nanofibers Fabricated via Centrifugal Spinning </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasin%20Akg%C3%BCl">Yasin Akgül</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Polat"> Yusuf Polat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emine%20Canbay"> Emine Canbay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20K%C4%B1l%C4%B1%C3%A7"> Ali Kılıç</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electrospinning is the most common method to produce nanofibers. However, low production rate is still a big challenge for industrial applications of this method. In this study, morphology of nanofibers obtained from namely centrifugal spinning was investigated. Dominant process parameters acting on the fiber diameter and fiber orientation were discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=centrifugal%20spinning" title="centrifugal spinning">centrifugal spinning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrospinning" title=" electrospinning"> electrospinning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofiber" title=" nanofiber"> nanofiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TPU%20nanofibers" title=" TPU nanofibers"> TPU nanofibers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21298/parameter-study-for-tpu-nanofibers-fabricated-via-centrifugal-spinning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21298.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">449</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">334</span> Aesthetic and Social Vision in Abubakar Gimba’s a Toast in the Cemetery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Funsho%20Tope">James Funsho Tope</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Being the prolific writer that he is, Gimba’s collection of Short Stories, A Toast in the Cemetery, brings out the themes of decay and corruption in the urban setting through the use of images, symbols, setting and character. Gimba seeks through these media to reveal the decay and corruption in the society. Gimba uses aesthetics to convey his message, thus making a call for change in the fabrics of society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corruption" title="corruption">corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decay" title=" decay"> decay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=character" title=" character"> character</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=setting" title=" setting"> setting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=symbolism" title=" symbolism"> symbolism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=images" title=" images"> images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=society" title=" society"> society</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17835/aesthetic-and-social-vision-in-abubakar-gimbas-a-toast-in-the-cemetery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17835.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">606</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">333</span> An Exploration of Anti-Terrorism Laws in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sani%20Mohammed%20Adam">Sani Mohammed Adam </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work seeks to review the security challenges facing Nigeria and explore the relevance of laws and policies in tackling the menace. The work looks at the adequacy of available legislations and the functionality of relevant institutions such as the Armed Forces, the Nigeria Police Force, the State Security Service, the Defence Intelligence Agency and the Nigerian Intelligence Agency etc. Comparisons would be made with other jurisdictions, such as inter alia, the Homeland Security in the USA and Counter Terrorism Laws of the United Kingdom. Recommendations would be made on how to strengthen both institutions and laws to curtail the growth of Terrorism in Nigeria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legislations" title="legislations">legislations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terrorism" title=" terrorism "> terrorism </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28915/an-exploration-of-anti-terrorism-laws-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28915.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">679</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">332</span> A Review on Assessment on the Level of Development of Macedonia and Iran Organic Agriculture as Compared to Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Ahmad%20Sani">Yusuf Ahmad Sani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adamu%20Alhaji%20Yakubu"> Adamu Alhaji Yakubu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alhaji%20Abdullahi%20Jamilu"> Alhaji Abdullahi Jamilu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joel%20Omeke"> Joel Omeke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Jumare%20Sambo"> Ibrahim Jumare Sambo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the rising global threat of food security, cancer, and related diseases (carcinogenic) because of increased usage of inorganic substances in agricultural food production, the Ministry of Food Agriculture and Livestock of the Republic of Turkey organized an International Workshop on Organic Agriculture between 8 – 12th December 2014 at the International Agricultural Research and Training Center, Izmir. About 21 countries, including Nigeria, were invited to attend the training workshop. Several topics on organic agriculture were presented by renowned scholars, ranging from regulation, certification, crop, animal, seed production, pest and disease management, soil composting, and marketing of organic agricultural products, among others. This paper purposely selected two countries (Macedonia and Iran) out of the 21 countries to assess their level of development in terms of organic agriculture as compared to Nigeria. Macedonia, with a population of only 2.1 million people as of 2014, started organic agriculture in 2005 with only 266ha of land and has grown significantly to over 5,000ha in 2010, covering such crops as cereals (62%), forage (20%) fruit orchard (7%), vineyards (5%), vegetables (4%), oil seed and industrial crops (1%) each. Others are organic beekeeping from 110 hives to over 15,000 certified colonies. As part of government commitment, the level of government subsidy for organic products was 30% compared to the direct support for conventional agricultural products. About 19 by-laws were introduced on organic agricultural production that was fully consistent with European Union regulations. The republic of Iran, on the other hand, embarked on organic agriculture for the fact, that the country recorded the highest rate of cancer disease in the world, with over 30,000 people dying every year and 297 people diagnosed every day. However, the host country, Turkey, is well advanced in organic agricultural production and now being the largest exporter of organic products to Europe and other parts of the globe. A technical trip to one of the villages that are under the government scheme on organic agriculture reveals that organic agriculture was based on market-demand-driven and the support of the government was very visible, linking the farmers with private companies that provide inputs to them while the companies purchase the products at harvest with high premium price. However, in Nigeria, research on organic agriculture was very recent, and there was very scanty information on organic agriculture due to poor documentation and very low awareness, even among the elites. The paper, therefore, recommends that the government should provide funds to NARIs to conduct research on organic agriculture and to establish clear government policy and good pre-conditions for sustainable organic agricultural production in the country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20agriculture" title="organic agriculture">organic agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20security" title=" food security"> food security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20safety" title=" food safety"> food safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20nutrition" title=" food nutrition"> food nutrition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188254/a-review-on-assessment-on-the-level-of-development-of-macedonia-and-iran-organic-agriculture-as-compared-to-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188254.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">50</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Sani%20Abubakar&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Sani%20Abubakar&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Sani%20Abubakar&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Sani%20Abubakar&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Sani%20Abubakar&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Sani%20Abubakar&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Sani%20Abubakar&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Sani%20Abubakar&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Sani%20Abubakar&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Sani%20Abubakar&page=11">11</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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