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style="width:100.0%;"><div class="widget__body clearfix sm-mt-1"><div class="all-related-sections"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/the-institute/collections/ieee-member-news/">IEEE Member News</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/type/opinion/">Opinion</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/climate-tech/">Climate Tech</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/the-institute/">The Institute</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/collections/climate-change/">Climate Change</a></div><h1 class="widget__headline h1"><span class="widget__headline-text custom-post-headline" data-type="text"> Making Information Tech Greener Can Help Address the Climate Crisis </span></h1><div class="widget__subheadline"><h2 class="widget__subheadline-text h2" data-type="text"><p>The design, use, and reuse needs to be improved</p></h2></div><div class="social-author clearfix"><div class="social-author__avatar image"><div class="cover-all image" style="background-image: url("https://spectrum.ieee.org/res/avatars/default")"></div></div><a class="social-author__name" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/u/san-murugesan" data-type="text">San Murugesan</a></div><div class="social-date"><span class="social-date__text">07 Oct 2021</span></div><div class="time-to-read">4 min read</div><div class="like-button" data-post-likes="5"></div><div class="snark-line"><div class="minibios-group"></div></div></div><div class="widget__head"><picture><source srcset="https://spectrum.ieee.org/media-library/a-dark-haired-woman-wearing-white-pants-and-a-blue-shirt-stands-in-the-center-on-either-side-are-rows-of-machines-with-lights-a.jpg?id=27623121&width=3600&height=2700 3x, https://spectrum.ieee.org/media-library/a-dark-haired-woman-wearing-white-pants-and-a-blue-shirt-stands-in-the-center-on-either-side-are-rows-of-machines-with-lights-a.jpg?id=27623121&width=2400&height=1800 2x, 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data-attr-show_full_post_body="true" data-attr-layout_tags="bottom" data-attr-show_around_the_web="true" data-attr-layout_custom_field_lightbox_img_shortcode_ids="bottom" data-attr-source="" data-attr-filters="section,post_body_pager" data-attr-section_url="" data-attr-format="posts-custom" data-attr-is_current_post="true"><div class="posts-wrapper clearfix"><div class="widget post-partial tag-ai tag-climate-change tag-information-technology tag-united-nations tag-sustainability tag-global-warming tag-ieee-member-news tag-type-ti" data-category="IEEE Member News"><article elid="2655247038" data-frozen-sections="[]" class="clearfix page-article sm-mb-1 quality-HD post-2655247038"><div class="row px10"><div class="rm-col-center col sm-mb-1" style="width:100.0%;"><div class="widget__body clearfix sm-mt-1"><span class="js-scroll-trigger" data-target="body" data-triggers="render-rebelbar" data-toggle-class="with-floating-shares"></span><div id="utm_campaign"></div><div class="body js-expandable clearfix js-listicle-body css-listicle-body-2655247038" data-headline="Making Information Tech Greener Can Help Address the Climate Crisis"><div class="body-description"><p> In August the <a href="https://www.ipcc.ch/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change</a> delivered its <a href="https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/the-ipcc-delivers-its-starkest-warning-about-the-worlds-climate/21803406?" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">starkest warning</a> ever. The IPCC concluded that human influence has unequivocally warmed the planet and changed weather patterns. At the same time, it noted, there is still a window in which humans can alter Earth's climate path. The actions we take to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gases can impact the future climate, the report emphasizes. </p><p> There are many ways that members of the technical and scientific community can help with this urgent and important grand challenge. One natural fertile area that we can exploit is information technology. </p><p> Information and communication technology together are responsible for an <a href="https://itif.org/publications/2020/07/06/beyond-energy-techlash-real-climate-impacts-information-technology" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">estimated</a> 1.4 percent of global CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. There are ways to lower those emissions. But the IT sector also holds the potential to help reduce overall global emissions. In fact, a <a href="https://smarter2030.gesi.org/downloads/Full_report.pdf" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">report</a> by the <a href="https://gesi.org" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Global e-Sustainability Initiative</a> estimates that IT solutions can help cut nearly 10 times more CO<sub>2</sub> than they emit. </p><p> Here are several strategies we can employ to address the climate crisis and create a sustainable environment for us and the generations that follow. They can all be categorized as ways to "Green IT," an umbrella term referring to environmentally sound information technologies and systems, applications, and practices. I address them more fully in a recent <a href="https://www.cutter.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Cutter Consortium</a> report, <a href="https://www.cutter.com/offer/greening-it-need-opportunities" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><em>Greening IT: Need and Opportunities</em></a>, which you can <a href="https://www.cutter.com/offer/greening-it-need-opportunities" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">access for free</a>. </p><p><strong>1. GREENING OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY</strong></p><p> This inward-looking approach focuses on reengineering IT products and processes to improve their energy efficiency, maximize their use, minimize their carbon footprint, and meet compliance requirements. We can make elements of IT greener, including hardware, software, data centers, and the Internet of Things. To make the entire life cycle of IT greener, we must address environmental impacts and sustainability in three major areas associated with computers: their design and manufacture; their use; and their disposal, reuse, and recycling. </p><p> What many don't realize is that, like hardware, software can contribute to environmental problems. Computationally inefficient software can have a major impact on energy consumption, and hence the need for environmentally friendly types, branded as <a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6802987" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><em>green software</em></a>. </p><p> The computational demands and use of advanced artificial-intelligence and machine-learning systems are increasing significantly. From 2012 to 2018, for instance, the <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.10597" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">computational cost</a> of advanced AI applications that use deep-learning models increased by 300,000 times, causing a significant rise in electric power consumption and resource utilization. The wasteful approach of throwing more computing power at a problem to get better results has been dubbed <em>red AI</em>. The emerging green AI, or environmentally friendly AI, on the other hand, addresses the issue by minimizing ML's computational demand and reducing its carbon footprint. </p><p> As outlined in a recent <em><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/">IEEE Spectrum</a></em><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/energywise/artificial-intelligence/machine-learning/energy-efficient-green-ai-strategies" target="_self">article</a>, AI can be made greener by developing and using a less-power-consuming ML model; creating and sharing reproducible code that will reduce duplicated efforts; and developing and using specialized hardware optimized for AI workload. For more details, refer to <a href="https://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2020/12/248800-green-ai/fulltext" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">this article</a>. The <a href="https://tcgcc.committees.comsoc.org/sig/sig-on-green-ai/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">IEEE Special Interest Group on Green AI</a> focuses on issues related to performance and power efficiency in green AI. </p><p> The other embodiment of green AI is the use of <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/artificial-intelligence/">artificial intelligence</a> as a powerful enabler or tool in minimizing carbon emissions in other key industry sectors, as briefly outlined below. </p><p><strong>2. GREENING BY IT</strong></p><p> In addition to making IT greener, engineers can use it to help make manufacturing, energy, agriculture, health care, and buildings greener. Software can be used, for example, to analyze, model, and simulate environmental impacts in areas such as manufacturing, logistics, and transportation. Algorithms could help logistics firms optimize routes and manage fleets. Sensors and wireless sensor networks can facilitate collection of real-time data and improve efficiency in a range of applications. </p><p> U.K grocery chain <a href="https://groceries.morrisons.com/webshop/startWebshop.do" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Morrisons</a>, for example, uses external and internal data sets such as weather, sales information, and real-time inventory to <a href="https://www.retail-week.com/retail-voice/how-morrisons-is-innovating-around-customers/7019809.article" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">optimize demand and replenishment</a>—which has resulted in reduced waste, according to industry publication <em>RetailWeek</em>. </p><p><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/tag/machine-learning"> Machine learning</a> and other software tools can help guide decisions that could reduce carbon emissions. Electronics company <a href="https://www.bosch.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Bosch</a>, for example, used <a href="https://www.bosch-ai.com/research/research-applications/ai-based-dynamic-modeling/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">AI</a> to predict its future energy consumption, avoid high peaking loads, and manage patterns of consumption, resulting in emissions reduction by 10 percent in two years. </p><p><strong>3. GREEN AWARENESS</strong></p><p> Many people are not yet aware of how serious the climate crisis is and how it affects them and the world. IT can help keep them informed and get them more involved. </p><p> We can <a href="https://www.wikihow.com/Spread-Awareness-About-Climate-Change" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">use social media</a> and websites to disseminate information and create collaborative platforms for raising awareness of the climate crisis and environmental sustainability, as well as for promoting best practices and behavioral changes. The WikiHow <a href="https://www.wikihow.com/Category:Environmental-Awareness" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Environmental Awareness</a> web page, for example, presents information that the public can easily comprehend. On its social media pages and relevant LinkedIn groups, people can post links to news articles, reports, and scientific evidence and videos from trusted sources. They can discuss changes that have happened in their community due to <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/tag/climate-change">climate change</a> and the practices they have adopted, and they can motivate others to adopt them. </p><p><a href="https://www.carbonclick.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">CarbonClick</a> is a platform that generates support for a greener planet by connecting people to carbon-offset projects. It offers businesses and volunteer teams a simple, trustworthy, and cost-effective solution that enables them to develop and manage programs. </p><p> We can create a community to take part in <a href="https://www.climatecouncil.org.au/12-climate-actions-make-impact/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">climate action</a> drives and crowdsource help for climate science researchers. The <a href="https://www.citizenscience.gov/catalog/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Federal Crowdsourcing and Citizen Science Catalog</a> lists community projects in the United States in which citizens can get involved. </p><p> The UNESCO <a href="https://www.unescogreencitizens.org/discover-projects/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Green Citizens project</a> is another example. One of its programs, <a href="https://www.inno4sd.net/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Innovation for Sustainable Development network</a>, brings together key stakeholders. The network also serves as a platform for disseminating information among communities, mainly in rural and remote regions. </p><p> Online tools such as those on the <a href="https://www.ukcip.org.uk/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">UKCIP website</a> can help organizations, industry sectors, and governments address the crisis. </p><p> For many companies, green issues have become a priority at the board level. There are several reasons including rising energy consumption and energy prices, growing consumer interest in green products and services, higher expectations by the public regarding environmental responsibilities, and stricter compliance requirements in the works. Environmental issues affect the competitive landscape, so businesses have to create strategies that address them. </p><p> But we must look beyond the bottom line. The climate crisis is upon us, and it is the defining story of our times. It is everyone's ethical and social responsibility to do their part to decrease global warming and its disastrous consequences. We engineers and ICT professionals can and should be part of the solution. We ought to exploit the promise of IT and other technologies to deliver significant environmental, social, and economic benefits to us all—a triple win! </p><p> Let's pledge—and act now—to create a cleaner and greener planet. </p><p><div class="rebellt-item ieee-sidebar-fullwidth col1" id="rebelltitem1" data-id="1" data-reload-ads="false" data-is-image="False" data-href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/making-information-tech-greener/particle-1" data-basename="particle-1" data-post-id="2655247038" data-published-at="1633618680" data-use-pagination="False"><p><strong>Here are additional resources from IEEE.</strong></p><p>The IEEE Communication Society's <a href="https://tcgcc.committees.comsoc.org/" target="_blank">Technical Committee on Green Communications and Computing</a> has several <a href="https://tcgcc.committees.comsoc.org/sig/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">special-interest groups</a>.</p><p><a href="https://www.computer.org/csdl/journal/su" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><em>IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing</em></a></p><p><a href="https://www.comsoc.org/publications/journals/ieee-tgcn" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><em>IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking</em></a></p><p><a href="https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Harnessing+Green+IT%3A+Principles+and+Practices-p-9781118306529" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><em>Harnessing Green IT: Principles and Practices</em></a><em>,</em> San Murugesan and G.R. Gangadharan (editors), IEEE Press–Wiley, 2012.</p></div></p><div class="post-pager js-listicle-pager" data-listicle-style="" data-async_load_parameters="settings=%7B%22use_pagination%22%3A+false%2C+%22pagination_order%22%3A+%5B%5D%2C+%22use_ads%22%3A+false%2C+%22ads_order%22%3A+%5B%5D%2C+%22use_numeration%22%3A+false%2C+%22numeration_sort%22%3A+-1%2C+%22items_as_posts%22%3A+false%2C+%22body_text_above%22%3A+false%2C+%22layout_type%22%3A+1%2C+%22show_columns_on_mobile%22%3A+false%2C+%22allow_url_update%22%3A+true%2C+%22is_guest_voting_allowed%22%3A+true%2C+%22cooldown_in_seconds%22%3A+null%2C+%22multiple_answers%22%3A+false%2C+%22up_down_voting%22%3A+false%2C+%22reorder_voting%22%3A+false%2C+%22no_redirect%22%3A+false%2C+%22no_post_section%22%3A+false%2C+%22enter_url%22%3A+false%2C+%22next_post_url%22%3A+null%2C+%22voting_extra_fields%22%3A+%7B%7D%2C+%22_deprecated_allow_url_change%22%3A+true%2C+%22_deprecated_turn_into_posts%22%3A+false%2C+%22source%22%3A+%22post_listicle_settings%22%2C+%22list_breaks%22%3A+null%2C+%22ads_breaks%22%3A+null%2C+%22prevent_last_break_repetition%22%3A+false%7D&display_ads=1&platform=desktop"></div><div class="around-the-web"><div class="from-your-site__headline">From Your Site Articles</div><ul class="around-the-web__list"><li class="from-your-site__item"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/can-technology-reverse-climate-change" class="from-your-site__link" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Can Technology Reverse Climate Change? - 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IEEE Spectrum"></span></div><div class="widget__head"></div><div class="widget__body clearfix sm-mt-1"><div class="tags"><a class="tags__item" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/tag/ai">ai</a><a class="tags__item" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/tag/climate-change">climate change</a><a class="tags__item" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/tag/information-technology">information technology</a><a class="tags__item" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/tag/united-nations">united nations</a><a class="tags__item" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/tag/sustainability">sustainability</a><a class="tags__item" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/tag/global-warming">global warming</a><a class="tags__item" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/tag/ieee-member-news">ieee member news</a><a class="tags__item" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/tag/type-ti">type:ti</a></div></div></div></div><script type="application/json" id="post-context-2655247038" class="post-context post-context-2655247038"> {"customDimensions": {"5":"San Murugesan","11":2655247038,"7":"ai, climate change, information technology, united nations, sustainability, global warming, ieee member news, type:ti","10":"ieee member news","6":"ieee-member-news","8":"10/07/2021"}, "post": {"id": 2655247038, "providerId": 0, "sections": [0, 497728257, 560879138, 544169516, 544169525, 2221589049, 539626938, 598415773], "authors": [21081374], "streams": [], "split_testing": {}} } </script></article></div></div></div></div><div class="" id="sOpen_Current_Default_Post_0_0_14_0_0_1"><div class="mb-2 post-author-list" id="sOpen_Current_Default_Post_0_0_14_0_0_1_0"><div class="posts-custom posts-custom-section section-holder clearfix" data-block="None" data-format="posts-custom" data-source="current_post" data-source-type="current_post" data-source-unique="true" data-section-id="" data-is-reordable="false" data-using-stickers="false" data-has-more="false" data-attr-v="2" data-attr-posts_id="sOpen_Current_Default_Post_0_0_14_0_0_1_0" data-attr-layout_quality="1" data-attr-node_id="/root/blocks/block[open_current_default_post]/abtests/abtest[1]/element_wrapper/current_post-" data-attr-use_tag_image_for_lead_media="true" data-attr-layout_all_headline_tag="h1" data-attr-layout_all_subheadline_tag="h2" data-attr-all_element_order="author,headline,subheadline,section,community_name,date,date_modified,badges,badges_sponsored,photo_credit,photo_caption,body,snark_line,page_views,post_shares,follow_button,community_comments,like_button,source_link,collection_button,tags,primary_tag,main_author,all_sections,product_prices,product_vendor,product_buy_link,words_count,time_to_read,site_field_first_name,site_field_last_name,site_field_Instagram,site_field_member_badges,site_field_Twitter,site_field_LinkedIn,site_field_grade,site_field_Facebook,custom_field_due_date,custom_field_FeaturePostImgPosition,custom_field_pdf_version,custom_field_copy_editor,custom_field_FullwidthCardColor,custom_field_disable_comments,custom_field_PodcastVideoTime,custom_field_fullwidthbackgroundposition,custom_field_lightbox_img_shortcode_ids,custom_field_access,custom_field_Editor,custom_field_PodcastEpisode,custom_field_publication_date,custom_field_TimeofRead,custom_field_FeaturePostColor,custom_field_FullwidthCardPosition,custom_field_is_updated_post,custom_field_youtube_video" data-attr-layout_author="top" data-attr-layout_remove_image="true" data-attr-show_authors_bio="true" data-attr-element_classes="post-author-list" data-attr-filters="section,post_body_pager" data-attr-section_url="" data-attr-source="" data-attr-format="posts-custom" data-attr-is_current_post="true"><div class="posts-wrapper clearfix"><div class="widget post-partial tag-ai tag-climate-change tag-information-technology tag-united-nations tag-sustainability tag-global-warming tag-ieee-member-news tag-type-ti" data-category="IEEE Member News"><article elid="2655247038" data-frozen-sections="[]" class="clearfix page-article sm-mb-1 quality-HD post-2655247038"><div class="row px10"><div class="rm-col-center col sm-mb-1" style="width:100.0%;"><div class="widget__body clearfix sm-mt-1"><div class="social-author clearfix"><div class="social-author__avatar image"><div class="cover-all image" style="background-image: url("https://spectrum.ieee.org/res/avatars/default")"></div></div><a class="social-author__name" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/u/san-murugesan" data-type="text">San Murugesan</a><div class="social-author__bio"><a href="http://www.tinyurl.com/san1bio" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">San Murugesan</a> is director of Brite Professional Services, former editor in chief of <em>IT Professional</em>, and editorial advisory board member of <em>The Institute</em>. 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var currentPosition; stickyEl.style.height = stickyEl.offsetHeight + 'px'; document.addEventListener("scroll", createIdleScrollListener(function B() { currentPosition = stickyEl.getBoundingClientRect().top + darkTopbarHeight; if( currentPosition < startPosition ) { if( !stickyEl.classList.contains('active') ) { stickyEl.classList.add('active'); } } else { if( stickyEl.classList.contains('active') ) { stickyEl.classList.remove('active'); } } })); }); window.REBELMOUSE_LOWEST_TASKS_QUEUE.push(function(){ const lightboxesArray = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('.lightbox_icon')) const fullWidth = function(){ const lightbox = this const windowWidth = window.innerWidth let imageSource = lightbox.querySelector('img').src const initialWidth = imageSource.match(/width=([^&]+)/)[1]; const result = imageSource.replace(initialWidth, windowWidth); return lightbox.querySelector('img').setAttribute('src', `${result}`) } lightboxesArray.map(lightbox => { lightbox.addEventListener('click', fullWidth) }) }); window.REBELMOUSE_LOWEST_TASKS_QUEUE.push(function(){ let scnt=1; let options = { // threshhold for intersection observer, so it triggers before or after element in viewport dependinng upon value rootMargin: '0px 0px 400px 0px' } function handleIntersection(entries) { entries.map((entry) => { if (entry.isIntersecting) { if(!entry.target.classList.contains('sidebar_sticky_parent')){ processAd(entry.target) //your call back here with the element that is intersected or in viewport } else { sidebar_ad_repeat(entry.target) } observer.unobserve(entry.target); // if you want to run it only once unobserve it } }); } window.IcreateElementChangeListener=function(selector, callback) { // look for elements that are injected later in the page. const initializedNodes = new Set([]); document.querySelectorAll(selector).forEach((node) => { callback(node); initializedNodes.add(node); }); const mutationObserver = new MutationObserver(() => { const nodes = document.querySelectorAll(selector); nodes.forEach((node) => { if (!initializedNodes.has(node)) { callback(node); initializedNodes.add(node); } }); }); mutationObserver.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true, }); } const observer = new IntersectionObserver(handleIntersection,options); IcreateElementChangeListener(".sidebar_sticky_parent",function(item){ //looks for item in the dom even if they are lazy laoded observer.observe(item); // observe item }) function sidebar_ad_repeat(sidebar_div){ let ad_id="ieee_sidebar_"+scnt; rblbid.cmd.push(function() { sidebar_div.querySelector(".sidebar_repeat_ad").id=ad_id; sidebar_div.style.height="1800px"; scnt++; sidebar_div.insertAdjacentHTML('afterend','<div class="sidebar_sticky_parent"><div class="stick_in_parent"><div class="sidebar_repeat_ad rblad-ieee_sidebar"></div></div></div>') }); } });</script></body></html>