CINXE.COM

The Society of Economics and Development

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> <meta name="robots" content="index, follow" /> <!-- CSRF Token --> <meta name="csrf-token" content="MNlg5bbmvckIyBzJnzZ4oc2PcEugmIVwr7sUznzA"> <title>The Society of Economics and Development</title> <meta name="keywords" content="The Society of Economics and Development"> <meta name="description" content="The Society of Economics and Development"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.soed.in/public/img/favicon.ico"> <!-- Styles --> <link href="https://www.soed.in/public/css/app.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://www.soed.in/public/css/front-style.css" rel="stylesheet"> <!-- Scripts --> <script src="https://www.soed.in/public/js/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="https://www.soed.in/public/js/popper.js"></script> <script src="https://www.soed.in/public/js/app.js"></script> <!-- Responsive css--> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.soed.in/public/css/responsive.css" type="text/css" /> <!-- font awesome js--> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.soed.in/public/js/fontawesome.js"></script> <!-- select 2 css/js--> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.soed.in/public/css/select2.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.soed.in/public/css/select2-bs4.css" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.soed.in/public/js/select2.js"></script> <!-- select 2 css/js--> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.soed.in/public/datepicker/datepicker.css" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.soed.in/public/datepicker/datepicker.js"></script> <!-- simplebar css/js--> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/simplebar@latest/dist/simplebar.css"/> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/simplebar@latest/dist/simplebar.min.js"></script> <script src="https://checkout.razorpay.com/v1/checkout.js"></script> <script> var siteurl="https://www.soed.in"; $(document).ready(function(){ $('li.dropdown').hover(function() { $(this).find('.dropdown-menu').stop(true, true).delay(50).fadeIn(); },function() { $(this).find('.dropdown-menu').stop(true, true).delay(50).fadeOut(); }); new SimpleBar($('.suggestions')[0]); }); </script> <script src="https://www.soed.in/public/js/custom.js"></script> <!-- swipper 2 css/js--> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.soed.in/public/swipper/swipper.css" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.soed.in/public/swipper/swipper.js"></script> <script src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> </head> <body> <div id="app"> <div class="header"> <div class="desktop-header"> <div class="top-section px-4"> <div class="container"> <div class="w-25 float-left social"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/indianjecondev" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-facebook"></i></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/IndianJnEconDev" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-twitter"></i></a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UComt8wQeEgA_MR8MfMnAxgg" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-youtube"></i></a> <a href="https://www.google.co.in/maps/place/Society+of+Economics+and+Development/@30.898717,75.8142925,17z/data=!4m8!1m2!2m1!1sSociety+of+Economics+and+Development,+Punjab+Agricultural+University,+Ludhiana,+Punjab!3m4!1s0x391a83cfe4afc915:0xcb70e6832d63002b!8m2!3d30.8981508!4d75.8166984" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-map-marker"></i></a> <a href="https://wa.me/919501558090" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-whatsapp"></i></a> </div> <div class="w-75 float-right text-right"> <ul class="nav float-right p-0"> <li class="nav-item"><a class="span-link bg-danger text-white font-weight-bold" href="https://soed2012.soed.in" target="_blank">Track old Papers (2017-20)</a> <li class="nav-item"><a class="span-link text-white" style="background:#00a859" href="https://www.soed.in/page/upcoming-issue">Upcoming Issue</a> <li class="nav-item"><a class="span-link" href="https://www.soed.in/myaccount/upload-article">Upload Article</a> <li class="nav-item"><a class="span-link" href="https://www.soed.in/myaccount/articles">Track Article</a> <li class="nav-item"><a class="span-link" href="https://www.soed.in/register">Register</a> <li class="nav-item"><a class="span-link" href="#" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#login">Login</a> <li class="nav-item position-relative"> <a class="cart-link" href="#" id="cart" data-toggle="dropdown"> <div class="cart-count">0</div> <img class="d-inline-block mr-2 mt-1" src="https://www.soed.in/public/img/basket.png" width="20"> </a> <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right" id="smallcart"> <div class="alert alert-danger py-1 m-0">Cart is empty!</div> <script> $(document).ready(function(){ $('.remove-from-small-cart').click(function(){ var item_id = $(this).attr('data-item-id'); var dis = $(this); $.ajax({ type:"get", url:"https://www.soed.in/removefromcart", data:{ item_id: item_id }, dataType: "json", beforeSend: function(){ $('.loading').addClass("show-loading"); }, success: function(response){ $('.loading h2').html("<i class='fas fa-check text-danger mr-2'></i> "+response.msg); if(response.res==1){ dis.parent('td').parent('tr').html(""); dis.parent('td').parent('tr').fadeOut(); location.reload(); } } }); }); $('#smallcart').click(function(e) { e.stopPropagation(); }); }); </script> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6"> <a href="https://www.soed.in" class="logo"> <img src="https://www.soed.in/public/img/logo.png" title="SOED" alt="SOED"> <h2>Indian Journal Of</h2> <h1>Economics and Development</h1> <p><em>ISSN 2277-5412 | EISSN 2322-0430</em></p> </a> </div> <div class="col-sm-5 text-center"> </div> <div class="col-sm-1 text-right py-2"> <img src="https://www.soed.in/public/img/journal-pic.jpg" title="Journal" alt="SOED" width="85"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-menu"> <div class="container"> <ul class="nav"> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in" class="nav-link">Home</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in/page/about-the-journal" class="nav-link">About the Journal</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in/page/guidelines-for-authors" class="nav-link">Guidelines for Authors</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in/page/article-review-cycle" class="nav-link">Peer Review Policy</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in/journals" class="nav-link">Journals</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in/early-view" class="nav-link">Early View</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in/page/editorial-board" class="nav-link">Editorial Board</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in/members-directory" class="nav-link">Directory of Members</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in/indexing" class="nav-link">Indexing</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in/contact-us" class="nav-link">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mobile-header box-shadow"> <div class="text-left"> <div class="float-left"> <button class="btn text-dark show-left-bar my-3"><i class="fa fa-bars text-success"></i></button> <div class="left-bar"> <button class="btn bg-white btn-sm text-dark close-left-bar"><i class="fa fa-times"></i></button> <br><br> <a class="btn btn-warning btn-sm span-link float-left mr-2 px-3" href="https://www.soed.in/myaccount/upload-article"> <span class="text-dark pb-1">Upload</span> Article </a> <a class="btn btn-warning btn-sm span-link float-left px-3" href="https://www.soed.in/myaccount"> <span class="text-dark pb-1">HELLO, SIGNIN </span> My Account</a> <div class="clearfix"></div> <ul class="nav flex-column mobile-menu mt-3"> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in" class="nav-link">Home</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://soed2012.soed.in" class="nav-link">Track old papers (2017-20)</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="https://www.soed.in/page/upcoming-issue">Upcoming Issue</a> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in/page/about-the-journal" class="nav-link">About the Journal</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in/page/guidelines-for-authors" class="nav-link">Guidelines for Authors</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in/page/article-review-cycle" class="nav-link">Article Review Cycle</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in/journals" class="nav-link">Journals</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in/early-view" class="nav-link">Early View</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in/page/editorial-board" class="nav-link">Editorial Board</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in/members-directory" class="nav-link">Directory of Members</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in/indexing" class="nav-link">Indexing</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a href="https://www.soed.in/contact-us" class="nav-link">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> <br> <div class="social"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/indianjecondev/" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-facebook"></i></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/IndianJnEconDev" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-twitter"></i></a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UComt8wQeEgA_MR8MfMnAxgg" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-youtube"></i></a> <a href="https://www.google.co.in/maps/place/Society+of+Economics+and+Development/@30.898717,75.8142925,17z/data=!4m8!1m2!2m1!1sSociety+of+Economics+and+Development,+Punjab+Agricultural+University,+Ludhiana,+Punjab!3m4!1s0x391a83cfe4afc915:0xcb70e6832d63002b!8m2!3d30.8981508!4d75.8166984" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-map-marker"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> <a href="https://www.soed.in" class="logo"> <img src="https://www.soed.in/public/img/logo.png" class="float-left"> <h2>Indian Journal Of</h2> <h1>Economics and Development</h1> <p>ISSN 2277-5412 | EISSN 2322-0430</p> </a> <a class="cart-link" href="https://www.soed.in/cart"> <div class="cart-count">0</div> <img class="d-inline-block mr-2 mt-1" src="https://www.soed.in/public/img/basket.png"> </a> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <a href="https://wa.me/919914000979" class="whatsapp"><img alt="" src="https://www.soed.in/public/img/whatsapp.png" width="50"></a> </div> <script> $(document).ready(function(){ $('.mobile-menu li').click(function(){ $(this).children('.child-menu').slideToggle(); }); $('.show-left-bar').click(function(){ $('.left-bar').addClass('left-bar-open'); }); $('.close-left-bar').click(function(){ $('.left-bar').removeClass('left-bar-open'); }); }); </script></div> <script> $(window).scroll(function() { var height = $(window).scrollTop(); if(height > 100) { $('.mobile-header').addClass("header-fixed"); }else{ $('.mobile-header').removeClass("header-fixed"); } }); $(document).ready(function(){ $('.scrolltop').click(function(){ $("html, body").animate({ scrollTop: 0 }, "slow"); return false; }); $(function () { $('[data-toggle="tooltip"]').tooltip(); }); }); </script> <div class="col-sm-12 px-0"> <div id="mainSlider" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel"> <ol class="carousel-indicators"> <li data-target="#mainSlider" data-slide-to="0" class="active" ></li> <li data-target="#mainSlider" data-slide-to="1" ></li> <li data-target="#mainSlider" data-slide-to="2" ></li> <li data-target="#mainSlider" data-slide-to="3" ></li> <li data-target="#mainSlider" data-slide-to="4" ></li> <li data-target="#mainSlider" data-slide-to="5" ></li> <li data-target="#mainSlider" data-slide-to="6" ></li> <li data-target="#mainSlider" data-slide-to="7" ></li> <li data-target="#mainSlider" data-slide-to="8" ></li> <li data-target="#mainSlider" data-slide-to="9" ></li> <li data-target="#mainSlider" data-slide-to="10" ></li> <li data-target="#mainSlider" data-slide-to="11" ></li> </ol> <div class="carousel-inner"> <div class="carousel-item active "> <img src="https://www.soed.in/storage/app/public/uploads/5R9EN9f2HmSU78LaiGKqwYwOA5LBNDc6U6XG9RfO.jpg" class="d-block w-100" alt=""> </div> <div class="carousel-item "> <img src="https://www.soed.in/storage/app/public/uploads/Wfmbd8NfHtIFLwW31kGPLf1uBUsBvhwOSGileatm.jpeg" class="d-block w-100" alt=""> </div> <div class="carousel-item "> <a href="Fourth National Seminar 2017"><img src="https://www.soed.in/storage/app/public/uploads/UunWlM4J07qH8ApZ0nbAACnsvtouxGWxWXrGmRgh.png" class="d-block w-100" alt=""></a> </div> <div class="carousel-item "> <a href="#"><img src="https://www.soed.in/storage/app/public/uploads/qeJvfYLcKZu8b1c5Iz2jWN9TgFOOvHbInynlLjqJ.jpeg" class="d-block w-100" alt=""></a> </div> <div class="carousel-item "> <a href="Group Photo"><img src="https://www.soed.in/storage/app/public/uploads/xHnnFGhCf7LiQBvcWHANkrhOvrYe8Q6vNUDmxgDv.jpeg" class="d-block w-100" alt=""></a> </div> <div class="carousel-item "> <a href="NS 2017"><img src="https://www.soed.in/storage/app/public/uploads/4Lc8sEixH9dZqWgOEKC2mAJIa16yPozhy8JUlpMN.jpeg" class="d-block w-100" alt=""></a> </div> <div class="carousel-item "> <img src="https://www.soed.in/storage/app/public/uploads/0oXp4GfzJ2NIwoBm19IMwmjRtmddHl1rIfmRXGAU.jpeg" class="d-block w-100" alt=""> </div> <div class="carousel-item "> <a href="Seminar 2016"><img src="https://www.soed.in/storage/app/public/uploads/bs57TXRDBgTcXuekQpDL6XsbqTNc3RvJ1ERJoDne.jpeg" class="d-block w-100" alt=""></a> </div> <div class="carousel-item "> <a href="NS 2018"><img src="https://www.soed.in/storage/app/public/uploads/S5RIZYIOmp1QXpmTA1oFWKFmjGTWxQqLVUcTR9GU.jpeg" class="d-block w-100" alt=""></a> </div> <div class="carousel-item "> <a href="MRGB"><img src="https://www.soed.in/storage/app/public/uploads/Um52Pyw7nvT8CZGdFNYf93pXMohCUvVFiDQEobgg.jpeg" class="d-block w-100" alt=""></a> </div> <div class="carousel-item "> <a href="NS 2018"><img src="https://www.soed.in/storage/app/public/uploads/J61gwoDPlReV5SPilM8uuitnp4ed2FGCG9GRZUZs.jpeg" class="d-block w-100" alt=""></a> </div> <div class="carousel-item "> <a href="NS 2016"><img src="https://www.soed.in/storage/app/public/uploads/1J0nsnAJ2xjOYeC6xOTkLAntsN8yz3tsItPGnEN0.jpeg" class="d-block w-100" alt=""></a> </div> </div> <a class="carousel-control-prev" href="#mainSlider" role="button" data-slide="prev"> <span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="sr-only">Previous</span> </a> <a class="carousel-control-next" href="#mainSlider" role="button" data-slide="next"> <span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="sr-only">Next</span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="container row py-4"> <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-12 col-sm-12"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg p-0 mb-3"> <button class="navbar-toggler text-right w-100 btn-block px-0" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#leftSide"> <span class="fa fa-bars border px-2 py-1 border-secondary text-secondary"></span> </button> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="leftSide"> <div class="w-100"> <div class="box"> <h3>Join the Society</h3> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/subscription-rates">Subscription Rates</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/make-payments">Make Payments</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/article-preparation-guidlines">Article preparation Guidlines</a> <a href="">Article Peer Review Cycle</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/register">Register as a Reviewer</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/panel-of-scientists">Panel of Scientist</a> </div> <a class="btn btn-block btn-success text-white mb-3"> <h2 class="text-left text-white font-weight-bold font-25"></h2> <span class="text-white d-block text-left"> NAAS Score: 6.30<br> Impact Factor: 0.3 (JCR 2023) <br> Indexed in Scopus <br> UGC Approved </span> </a> <div class="box"> <h3>Mandatory Submission</h3> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/copyright-agreement">Copyright Agreement</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/authors-contribution-form">Authors Contribution Form</a> </div> <div class="box"> <h3>Important Links</h3> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/terms-and-conditions">Terms & Conditions</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/privacy-policy">Privacy Policy</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/refund-and-cancellation">Refund & Cancellation</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/delivery-and-shipping">Delivery & Shipping</a> <a href="https://soed.in/ijedowncloud/admin" target="_blank">IJED Owncloud</a> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div class="col-sm text-justify"> <h1 class="heading">Welcome to <br>The Society of Economics and Development</h1> <p>The Society of Economics and Development is a registered society. The Society of Economics and Development is a not-for-profit association. The Society of Economics and Development is a scientific society of individuals and institutions interested in the field of Economics and related disciplines. Being a scientific society, its principal aim is to promote the research effort in the fields of Economics, Sociology, and Business Studies. The membership of the society is open to all professionals all over the globe who are actively involved in the betterment of society, and their work addresses a broad range of disciplines such as economics, applied economics, rural development, resources and environment, food and consumer issues, and agribusiness. The Society of Economics and Development brings together researchers and other professionals interested to solve the problems of society and enhancing the knowledge and understanding of Economics, Agricultural Economics, Consumer Behavior, and development and to exchange experience, ideas, and information between economists, agricultural economists, social scientists, and business management scientists. The Society also ensures that its scientific journal, Indian Journal of Economics and Development (ISSN 2277-5412; EISSN 2322-0430), <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">Impact Factor: 0.3 (Web of Science, 2024),&nbsp;</span><font color="#ff00ff"><b><i>Resurchify Impact Score: 0.23,&nbsp;</i></b></font><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 255); font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">NAAS Score: 6.30 (2025), Indexed in Emerging Sources Citation Index (Clarivate Analytics: Web of Science), Indexed in SCOPUS (SJR = 0.15) ,&nbsp;</span><font color="#ff00ff"><b><i>&nbsp;Index Copernicus (ICV 2023: 105.09),&nbsp;</i></b></font><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 255); font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">and UGC Approved (UGC-Care List Group II)</span> is regularly published, widely read and circulated, has high impact and attracts an adequate supply of high-quality papers from national and international authors and to organize Conference/Seminar every year for providing an excellent forum for both general lectures and presentations to enable the students and scientists to update their knowledge.</p><p><b style="color: rgb(57, 123, 33);">VISION</b></p><p>The Society of Economics and Development is for professional advancement and dissemination of knowledge about agricultural development, environmental, consumer behaviour, natural resources, and associated areas of economics, applied economics, and other related disciplines.</p><p><b style="color: rgb(57, 123, 33);">MISSION</b></p><p>The mission of The Society of Economics and Development is to advance the subject of economics as a vehicle for understanding economic development and to apply and communicate this knowledge for the improvement of economic well-being.</p> </div> <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-sm-12 mobile-padding"> <div class="box"> <div class="translate"><div id="google_translate_element"></div></div> </div> <a href="https://www.soed.in/search" class="btn btn-block btn-primary mb-3"><i class="fa fa-search"></i> Search Soed.in</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/publication-ethics-and-malpractice-statement" class="btn btn-block btn-warning mb-3">Publication Ethics and <br> Malpractise Statement</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/best-paper-awards" class="btn btn-block border-dark text-dark mb-3 text-center"> <span class="text-primary font-weight-bold">Best Paper Awards</span> </a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/best-paper-presentation-awards" class="btn btn-block border-dark text-dark mb-3 text-center"> <span class="text-success font-weight-bold">Best Paper Presentation Awards</span> </a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/download-certificates" class="btn btn-block border-dark text-dark mb-3 text-center"> <span class="text-primary font-weight-bold">Download Certficates</span> </a> <div class="box"> <h3>News & Updates</h3> <marquee scrollamount="2" direction="up" onmouseover="this.stop()" onmouseout="this.start()" class="news-marquee"> <a href="https://www.soed.in/news/article-peer-review-process">Article Peer Review Process</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/news/journal-impact-factor-02">Impact Factor (2024): 0.3 (Web of Science)</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/news/use-qr-code-to-make-payments">Use QR Code to make payments</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/news/reviewers-2022">Reviewers 2021 and 2022</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/news/call-for-reviewer-for-indian-journal-of-ecology-submit-the-biodata">Call for reviewer for Indian Journal of Economics and Development: Submit the CV</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/news/status-enquiry-of-an-manuscript">Attention: Status of an article</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/news/ijed">Hard copy of the IJED 19(4), December 2023 Dispatched</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/news/article-data-2000120229">Track and re-upload the revised articles (17143 to 20229) submitted from 2017 to 10.09.2020</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/news/proceeding-of-the-general-body-meeting-of-tsoed">Proceedings of the General Body Meeting of TSOED</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/news/contents-ijed-162-2020">IJED 20(2) June 2024: Contents</a> </marquee> </div> <div class="box"> <h3>Downloads</h3> <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.soed.akashwebs.soed" target="_blank">Society App</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/sample-article">Sample Article</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/jel-codes">JEL Codes</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/apa-style">APA Styles</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/membership-form-2020">Membership Form 2020</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/article-evaluation-form">Article Evaluation Form</a> </div> <div class="box"> <h3>Visitors</h3> <div class="py-3"> <!-- Start of WebFreeCounter Code --> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://counter.websiteout.com/js/2/0/200000/1"></script> <!-- End of WebFreeCounter Code --> </div> </div> </div></div> <footer class="pt-5 border-top"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-12 col-sm-12 mb-4"> <h5 class="font-weight-bold font-18 mb-3">Download App</h5> <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.soed.akashwebs.soed" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.soed.in/public/img/play-store.png" width="180"></a> <br><br><br> <h5 class="font-weight-bold font-18 mb-3">Creative Commons License</h5> <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" target="blank"><img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/4.0/88x31.png"></a> </div> <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-sm-12 mb-4"> <h5 class="font-weight-bold font-18 mb-3">Quick Links</h5> <a href="https://www.soed.in" class="p-0 nav-link text-dark">Home</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/about-the-journal" class="p-0 nav-link text-dark">About Journal</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/guidelines-for-authors" class="p-0 nav-link text-dark">Guidelines</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/journals" class="p-0 nav-link text-dark">Journals</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/indexing" class="p-0 nav-link text-dark">Indexing</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/contact-us" class="p-0 nav-link text-dark">Contact Us</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/ijedowncloud" class="p-0 nav-link text-dark">IJED Owncloud</a> </div> <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-sm-12 mb-4"> <h5 class="font-weight-bold font-18 mb-3">Board Links</h5> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/editorial-board" class="p-0 nav-link text-dark">Editorial Board</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/executive-committee" class="p-0 nav-link text-dark">Executive Committee</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/members-directory" class="p-0 nav-link text-dark">Directory of Memebers</a> <a href="http://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:ijed1&type=home" class="p-0 nav-link text-dark">Marketing Partners</a> </div> <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-sm-12 mb-4"> <h5 class="font-weight-bold font-18 mb-3">Reach Us</h5> <b>General Secretary</b><br> The Society of Economics and Development<br> 70-Pink Park, Barewal Road, <br> Ludhiana-141012 (Punjab)<br><br> Phone: 0161-2920025<br> Email: chiefeditorijed@gmail.com </div> </div> <div class="border-top row mx-0 mt-5 mb-4"> <div class="col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-12 text-left py-4"> <h5 class="font-weight-bold font-18 mb-3">Journals</h5> <ul class="journals"> <li><a href="https://www.soed.in/volume/volume-21-2025">Volume 21 2025</a> <li><a href="https://www.soed.in/volume/volume-20-2024">Volume 20 2024</a> <li><a href="https://www.soed.in/volume/volume-19-2023">Volume 19 2023</a> <li><a href="https://www.soed.in/volume/volume-18-2022">Volume 18, 2022</a> <li><a href="https://www.soed.in/volume/volume-17-2021">Volume 17, 2021</a> <li><a href="https://www.soed.in/volume/volume-16-2020">Volume 16, 2020</a> <li><a href="https://www.soed.in/volume/volume-15-2019">Volume 15, 2019</a> <li><a href="https://www.soed.in/volume/volume-14-2018">Volume 14, 2018</a> <li><a href="https://www.soed.in/volume/volume-13-2017">Volume 13, 2017</a> <li><a href="https://www.soed.in/volume/volume-12-2016">Volume 12, 2016</a> <li><a href="https://www.soed.in/volume/volume-11-2015">Volume 11, 2015</a> <li><a href="https://www.soed.in/volume/volume-10-2014">Volume 10, 2014</a> <li><a href="https://www.soed.in/volume/volume-9-2013">Volume 9, 2013</a> <li><a href="https://www.soed.in/volume/volume-8-2012">Volume 8, 2012</a> </ul> </div> <div class="col-lg-2 col-md-6 col-sm-12 py-4"> <h5 class="font-weight-bold font-18 mb-3">My Account</h5> <a href="https://www.soed.in/login" class="p-0 nav-link text-dark">Login</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/register" class="p-0 nav-link text-dark">Register</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/myaccount/upload-article" class="p-0 nav-link text-dark">Submit Article</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/myaccount/orders" class="p-0 nav-link text-dark">Purchases</a> </div> <div class="col-lg-6 col-md-12 col-sm-12 py-5"> <img src="https://www.soed.in/public/img/payment.png" width="110" class="img-fluid float-left mr-4 mb-3"> <h4 class="font-weight-bold my-2 float-left">SECURE <br>PAYMENTS</h4> <img src="https://www.soed.in/public/img/secure-payments.jpg" class="ml-4 img-fluid box-shadow radius-8"> </div> </div> <div class="copyright border-top row mx-0"> <div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-12 my-2 text-left"> <a class="">&copy; 2025 TSOED | All Rights Reserved</a> </div> <div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-12 my-2 text-right"> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/privacy-policy" class="px-2 text-dark">Privacy Policy</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/refund-and-cancellation" class="px-2 text-dark">Refund & Cancellation Policy</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/shipping-policy" class="px-2 text-dark">Shipping Policy</a> <a href="https://www.soed.in/page/terms-and-conditions" class="pl-2 text-dark">Terms & Conditions</a> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <!-- LOGIN MODAL --> <div class="modal fade" id="login"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg modal-dialog-centered"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-sm-4 bg-success py-5 px-4 text-center text-white"> <img src="https://www.soed.in/public/img/logo.png" class="img-fluid mb-3" width="180" title="SOED" alt="SOED"> <h1 class="font-weight-bold">SOED</h1> <h6>Account Login</h6> </div> <div class="col-sm-8"> <div class="modal-header border-0"> <h4 class="modal-title font-weight-bold">Login</h4> <a class="close" href="javascript:void(0)" data-dismiss="modal"><i class="fa fa-times"></i></a> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <div id="loginform"> <label>Email </label> <input type="email" name="identity" required placeholder="Email" class="form-control mb-3"> <label>Password</label> <input type="password" name="password" required placeholder="Password" class="form-control mb-3"> <button class="btn btn-success mb-3 px-4 float-right">Login</button> <div class="clearfix"></div> <p></p> </div> </div> <div class="modal-footer d-block border-0"> <div id="col-sm-12 px-0"> <a class="float-left text-dark" href="https://www.soed.in/register"> New? Register Here </a> <a class="float-right text-dark" href="https://www.soed.in/password/reset"> Forgot Your Password? </a> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script> $(document).ready(function(){ $('.close').click(function(){ $('.alert-msg').html(""); }); $('#loginform button').click(function(){ $('#login .modal-body p').html(""); $.ajax({ type:"get", url:"https://www.soed.in/ajaxlogin", data:{ identity:$('#loginform input[name=identity]').val(), password:$('#loginform input[name=password]').val() }, beforeSend: function(){ $('#loginform button').html('<i class="fas fa-redo fa-spin"></i> Logging in.....'); }, success: function(res){ $('#loginform button').html('Login'); if(res==1){ location.href = "https://www.soed.in"; }else{ $('#login .modal-body p').html(res); } } }); }); }); </script> <script> function googleTranslateElementInit() { new google.translate.TranslateElement({pageLanguage: 'en'}, 'google_translate_element'); } </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=googleTranslateElementInit"></script> <!-- <script type="text/javascript"> var Tawk_API=Tawk_API||{}, Tawk_LoadStart=new Date(); (function(){ var s1=document.createElement("script"),s0=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s1.async=true; s1.src='https://embed.tawk.to/5f659fa8f0e7167d0011c5c2/default'; s1.charset='UTF-8'; s1.setAttribute('crossorigin','*'); s0.parentNode.insertBefore(s1,s0); })(); </script>--> </div> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10