CINXE.COM
5.1 National Political Party Platforms | The American Presidency Project
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML+RDFa 1.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/DTD/xhtml-rdfa-1.dtd"> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"> <head profile="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab"> <meta charset="utf-8"><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"dee899de70",applicationID:"80106271"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.281.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},217:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>b,xN:()=>v});r(860).K7.genericEvents;const n="experimental.marks",i="experimental.measures",o="experimental.resources";var a=r(993);const s=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var c=r(614),u=r(944),l=r(384),d=r(122);const f="[data-nr-mask]",g=()=>{const e={feature_flags:[],experimental:{marks:!1,measures:!1,resources:!1},mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},get feature_flags(){return e.feature_flags},set feature_flags(t){e.feature_flags=t},generic_events:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},harvest:{interval:30},jserrors:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0,level:a.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},performance:{get capture_marks(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n)||e.experimental.marks},set capture_marks(t){e.experimental.marks=t},get capture_measures(){return e.feature_flags.includes(i)||e.experimental.measures},set capture_measures(t){e.experimental.measures=t},capture_detail:!0,resources:{get enabled(){return e.feature_flags.includes(o)||e.experimental.resources},set enabled(t){e.experimental.resources=t},asset_types:[],first_party_domains:[],ignore_newrelic:!0}},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:c.wk,inactiveMs:c.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){s(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(f):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=f:(0,u.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){s(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,u.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,u.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0,elementAttributes:["id","className","tagName","type"]}}},p={},m="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(m);if(!p[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return p[e]}function v(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(m);p[e]=(0,d.a)(t,g());const r=(0,l.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=p[e])}function b(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(m);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>d});var n=r(122),i=r(384),o=r(154),a=r(324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0,harvester:void 0},l={};function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!l[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");l[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(l[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(l[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=l[e])}},324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.281.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>l,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,l=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>d,x3:()=>u});var n=r(836),i=r(606),o=r(860),a=r(646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};l(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function d(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(l(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(990),o=r(371),a=r(646),s=r(607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},l={},d=!1;try{d=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=m(e),l=c.length,d=0;d<l;d++)c[d].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:h,listeners:m,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:d?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:d};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=m(e).concat(t)}function m(e){return n[e]||[]}function h(t){return l[t]=l[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),l=(0,n.Zm)();l.ee||(l.ee=u)},646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(566).bz)()},566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(836),i=r(154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>l,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>d});var n=r(154),i=r(863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function l(e,t){a()[e]=t}function d(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(836),i=r(607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];l(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return l(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,l,d;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],l="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],l],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],l,c);try{return d=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],l,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,d],l,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function l(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log";n.K7.logging},969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(836),i=r(687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>K});var n=r(860),i=r(555),o=r(371),a=r(908),s=r(836),c=r(687),u=r(289),l=r(154),d=r(944),f=r(969),g=r(384),p=r(344);const m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","recordCustomEvent","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],h=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(863),b=r(614),y=r(993);var w=r(646),A=r(434);const R=new Map;function _(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,d.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,A.YM)(i),a=new w.y(s.P);a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes;const c=t[r]?.[A.Jt]||t[r];return R.set(c,a),o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",(()=>R.get(c))),i}function E(){const e=(0,g.pV)();m.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,d.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const x={};function N(e,t,g=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const m={};var w=s.ee.get(e),A=w.get("tracer");x[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{x[e]=t}));var R="api-",E=R+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),j(R,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function k(){}m.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),function(e,t,r={},i=y.p_.INFO){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,a.p)(y.ET,[(0,v.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(w,e,t,r)},m.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),_(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},h.forEach((e=>{m[e]=j(R,e,!0,"api")})),m.addPageAction=j(R,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),m.recordCustomEvent=j(R,"recordCustomEvent",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),m.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,j(R,"setPageViewName",!0)()},m.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,d.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,d.R)(39,typeof e)},m.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,d.R)(41,typeof e)},m.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,d.R)(42,typeof e)},m.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,d.R)(23,e)}},m[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},m[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},m.interaction=function(e){return(new k).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const T=k.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),g||(0,a.p)(E+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(A.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw A.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{A.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function j(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[r?(0,v.t)():performance.now(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,w),r?void 0:this}}function I(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,d.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{T[e]=j(E,e,void 0,g?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),m.setCurrentRouteName=g?j(E,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):j(R,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),m.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!x[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},l.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>I()),!0):I(),m}var k=r(217),T=r(122);const j={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},I={};var S=r(284);const O=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let P=!1;function K(e,t={},r,n){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:d={},exposed:f=!0}=t;d.loaderType=r;const p=(0,g.pV)();c||(a=p.init,c=p.info,u=p.loader_config),(0,k.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,a||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");I[e]=(0,T.a)(t,j);const r=(0,g.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=I[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,u||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},l.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,c);const m=(0,k.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),h=[c.beacon,c.errorBeacon];P||(m.proxy.assets&&(O(m.proxy.assets),h.push(m.proxy.assets)),m.proxy.beacon&&h.push(m.proxy.beacon),E(),(0,g.US)("activatedFeatures",S.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===m.soft_navigations.enabled&&m.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),d.denyList=[...m.ajax.deny_list||[],...m.ajax.block_internal?h:[]],d.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,d),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=N(e.agentIdentifier,n,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=f),P=!0}},374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>u,K7:()=>s,P3:()=>c,XX:()=>i,qY:()=>n,v4:()=>a});const n="events",i="jserrors",o="browser/blobs",a="rum",s={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:i,logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},c={[s.pageViewEvent]:1,[s.pageViewTiming]:2,[s.metrics]:3,[s.jserrors]:4,[s.spa]:5,[s.ajax]:6,[s.sessionTrace]:7,[s.softNav]:8,[s.sessionReplay]:9,[s.logging]:10,[s.genericEvents]:11},u={[s.pageViewEvent]:a,[s.pageViewTiming]:n,[s.ajax]:n,[s.spa]:n,[s.softNav]:n,[s.metrics]:i,[s.jserrors]:i,[s.sessionTrace]:o,[s.sessionReplay]:o,[s.logging]:"browser/logs",[s.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.281.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.281.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),l=0;l<u.length;l++){var d=u[l];if(d.getAttribute("src")==r||d.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=d;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-zqOtfbjYsGTkQScey1O8Hh9fA1+m2RFxLpfv7BWqqTivgQ6iM13v6QJ4d5xykyDwx1GoMFmngC4SKpFn6VciYg=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={374:0,840:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.281.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.281.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(374);var e=i(944),t=i(344),r=i(566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(){this.agentIdentifier=(0,r.LA)(16)}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}recordCustomEvent(e,t){return this.#e("recordCustomEvent",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(217);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var l=i(603);var d=i(687),f=i(234),g=i(289),p=i(154),m=i(384);const h=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function v(e){return!!(0,m.dV)().o.MO&&h(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,d.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,d.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(h(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,d.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),t.runtime.harvester.initializedAggregates.push(this.featAggregate),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,d.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return v(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(630);class A extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(908),_=i(843),E=i(878),x=i(782),N=i(863);class k extends y{static featureName=x.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,x.T,t),p.RI&&((0,_.u)((()=>(0,R.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,E.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,R.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var T=i(969);class j extends y{static featureName=T.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,T.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t){super(),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,m.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(A),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,l.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,m.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[A,k,j],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 7 (http://drupal.org)" /> <link rel="canonical" href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/party-platforms-and-nominating-conventions-3" /> <link rel="shortlink" href="/node/324129" /> <link rel="prev" href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/party-platforms-and-nominating-conventions" /> <link rel="up" href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/party-platforms-and-nominating-conventions" /> <link rel="next" href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/party-platforms-and-nominating-conventions-4" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/favicon-app_0.png" type="image/png" /> <title>5.1 National Political Party Platforms | The American Presidency Project</title> <link href='//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,400italic,800,700,600,300|Dosis:400,200,300,500,600,700,800' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'> <link href="//netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.0.0/css/bootstrap-glyphicons.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/css/css_lQaZfjVpwP_oGNqdtWCSpJT1EMqXdMiU84ekLLxQnc4.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/css/css_mYX-LIOky8FYFaNbVXROeK1zvNeJONS8NAoDGq4dBHI.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/css/css_vbEgx2XLR7Zv4cooqCR003JQm8ctJxS8MDvX_FsFGUs.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/css/css_rSQFFfhgRJzGFfW0daS6ZK63sOQRV3kJbjkJYD6QIk4.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/css/css_95w1P56cK6XaxiF_CEwhZAgmNWjkIGFRauUF_xNVpzE.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/css/css_DW59q6nX-P3-D4cA08_V2iLlMJIaFdPFYT8X6nSFpV8.css" media="print" /> <!-- HTML5 element support for IE6-8 --> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <script src="//html5shiv.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js"></script> <![endif]--> <script src="//ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-1.12.4.min.js"></script> <script>window.jQuery || document.write("<script src='/sites/default/modules/contrib/jquery_update/replace/jquery/1.12/jquery.min.js'>\x3C/script>")</script> <script src="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_GOikDsJOX04Aww72M-XK1hkq4qiL_1XgGsRdkL0XlDo.js"></script> <script src="//ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.ui/1.13.3/jquery-ui.min.js"></script> <script>window.jQuery.ui || document.write("<script src='/sites/default/modules/contrib/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery-ui.min.js'>\x3C/script>")</script> <script src="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_4ZvjV8KuiB-W-1mgFBPnoupR_be-IY6XOmDLeovLNmo.js"></script> <script src="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_gHk2gWJ_Qw_jU2qRiUmSl7d8oly1Cx7lQFrqcp3RXcI.js"></script> <script src="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_waP91NpgGpectm_6Y2XDEauLJ8WCSCBKmmA87unpp2E.js"></script> <script src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-86410002-1"></script> <script>window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments)};gtag("js", new Date());gtag("set", "developer_id.dMDhkMT", true);gtag("config", "UA-86410002-1", {"groups":"default","linker":{"domains":["dev-wwwpresidencyucsbedu.pantheonsite.io","www.presidency.ucsb.edu"]},"anonymize_ip":true});gtag("config", "G-86B9KEYGFJ", {"groups":"default","linker":{"domains":["dev-wwwpresidencyucsbedu.pantheonsite.io","www.presidency.ucsb.edu"]},"anonymize_ip":true});</script> <script src="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_SENVw3Q9MKXR40Bfqz--EtxzODPRDB1a0NReqmX4bX4.js"></script> <script src="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_gvpxcPEErmaiJn8qGSGx2O87lReivTR09hs10gIG3Yg.js"></script> <script>jQuery.extend(Drupal.settings, {"basePath":"\/","pathPrefix":"","setHasJsCookie":0,"ajaxPageState":{"theme":"app","theme_token":"9Xp6mRx5f93mYbj61y1-NNue9RwXbkwbnxCV_89W5uk","js":{"sites\/default\/libraries\/jquery-ui-multiselect-widget\/src\/jquery.multiselect.js":1,"sites\/default\/libraries\/jquery-ui-multiselect-widget\/src\/jquery.multiselect.filter.js":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_ui_multiselect_widget\/jquery_ui_multiselect_widget.js":1,"modules\/statistics\/statistics.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/bootstrap\/js\/bootstrap.js":1,"\/\/ajax.aspnetcdn.com\/ajax\/jQuery\/jquery-1.12.4.min.js":1,"0":1,"misc\/jquery-extend-3.4.0.js":1,"misc\/jquery-html-prefilter-3.5.0-backport.js":1,"misc\/jquery.once.js":1,"misc\/drupal.js":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/js\/jquery_browser.js":1,"\/\/ajax.aspnetcdn.com\/ajax\/jquery.ui\/1.13.3\/jquery-ui.min.js":1,"1":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/udb\/includes\/expiredStorage\/expired_storage.js":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/udb\/includes\/jspanel\/jspanel.min.js":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/udb\/includes\/jspanel\/extensions\/modal\/jspanel.modal.min.js":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/contrib\/entityreference\/js\/entityreference.js":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/contrib\/google_analytics\/googleanalytics.js":1,"https:\/\/www.googletagmanager.com\/gtag\/js?id=UA-86410002-1":1,"2":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/udb\/includes\/udb.behaviors.js":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/contrib\/extlink\/js\/extlink.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/app\/bootstrap\/js\/affix.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/app\/bootstrap\/js\/alert.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/app\/bootstrap\/js\/button.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/app\/bootstrap\/js\/carousel.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/app\/bootstrap\/js\/collapse.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/app\/bootstrap\/js\/dropdown.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/app\/bootstrap\/js\/modal.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/app\/bootstrap\/js\/tooltip.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/app\/bootstrap\/js\/popover.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/app\/bootstrap\/js\/scrollspy.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/app\/bootstrap\/js\/tab.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/app\/bootstrap\/js\/transition.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/app\/scripts\/scripts.js":1},"css":{"modules\/system\/system.base.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.core.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.theme.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.accordion.css":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/udb\/includes\/jspanel\/jspanel.min.css":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/udb\/includes\/theme\/udb-popup-default.css":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/contrib\/date\/date_repeat_field\/date_repeat_field.css":1,"modules\/field\/theme\/field.css":1,"modules\/node\/node.css":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/contrib\/extlink\/css\/extlink.css":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/contrib\/views\/css\/views.css":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/contrib\/ctools\/css\/ctools.css":1,"sites\/default\/libraries\/jquery-ui-multiselect-widget\/jquery.multiselect.css":1,"sites\/default\/libraries\/jquery-ui-multiselect-widget\/jquery.multiselect.filter.css":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_ui_multiselect_widget\/jquery_ui_multiselect_widget.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/app\/css\/style.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/app\/css\/oog.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/app\/css\/print.css":1}},"jquery_ui_multiselect_widget":{"module_path":"sites\/default\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_ui_multiselect_widget","multiple":1,"filter":1,"subselector":"#edit-category2","selectedlist":"4","autoOpen":0,"header":1,"height":"auto","classes":"app-uberselect","filter_auto_reset":1,"filter_width":"auto","jquery_ui_multiselect_widget_path_match_exclude":"admin\/*\r\nmedia\/*\r\nfile\/*\r\nsystem\/ajax"},"googleanalytics":{"account":["UA-86410002-1","G-86B9KEYGFJ"],"trackOutbound":1,"trackMailto":1,"trackDownload":1,"trackDownloadExtensions":"7z|aac|arc|arj|asf|asx|avi|bin|csv|doc(x|m)?|dot(x|m)?|exe|flv|gif|gz|gzip|hqx|jar|jpe?g|js|mp(2|3|4|e?g)|mov(ie)?|msi|msp|pdf|phps|png|ppt(x|m)?|pot(x|m)?|pps(x|m)?|ppam|sld(x|m)?|thmx|qtm?|ra(m|r)?|sea|sit|tar|tgz|torrent|txt|wav|wma|wmv|wpd|xls(x|m|b)?|xlt(x|m)|xlam|xml|z|zip","trackDomainMode":2,"trackCrossDomains":["dev-wwwpresidencyucsbedu.pantheonsite.io","www.presidency.ucsb.edu"]},"udb":{"popup_title":" We need your help!","popup_donation_message":"\u003Ch3 style=\u0022text-align: center;\u0022\u003EWithout *more* donor support\u003Cbr \/\u003EThe APP faces dark times\u003Cem\u003E \u003C\/em\u003Eahead.\u003C\/h3\u003E\u003Ch3 style=\u0022text-align: center;\u0022\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cem\u003EWe have no institutional budget source. Only *donations!*\u003Cbr \/\u003EPLEASE PITCH IN!!!\u0026nbsp; Give NOW.\u003C\/em\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/giving.ucsb.edu\/Funds\/Give?id=185\u0022\u003EPLEASE: SUPPORT THE APP!\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/a\u003E \u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/giving.ucsb.edu\/Funds\/Give?id=185\u0026amp;utm_source=organic\u0026amp;utm_medium=www.presidency.ucsb.edu\/documents\/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook\/party-platforms-and-nominating-conventions-3\u0026amp;utm_campaign=\u0026amp;utm_content=\u0022 id=\u0022udb_ucsb_giving_platform_web_link\u0022 rel=\u0022nofollow\u0022\u003EGIVE NOW\u003C\/a\u003E \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/h3\u003E\u003Ch3 style=\u0022text-align: center;\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Csection id=\u0022udb_visitor_optout_container\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cinput type=\u0022checkbox\u0022 id=\u0022udb_visitor_optout\u0022 name=\u0022udb_visitor_optout\u0022\u003E\n \u003Clabel for=\u0022udb_visitor_optout\u0022\u003Edismiss for 30 days\u003C\/label\u003E\n\u003C\/section\u003E\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/h3\u003E","optout_duration":30,"cooldown_interval":10,"max_donation_requests_per_day":5,"titlebar_bgcolor":"#418dbf","titlebar_fgcolor":"#FFFFFF","content_bgcolor":"#FFFFFF","content_fgcolor":"#FF0000","popup_type":"standard","content_text_size":"3"},"statistics":{"data":{"nid":"324129"},"url":"\/modules\/statistics\/statistics.php"},"extlink":{"extTarget":"_blank","extClass":0,"extLabel":"(link is external)","extImgClass":0,"extIconPlacement":"append","extSubdomains":1,"extExclude":"","extInclude":"","extCssExclude":"","extCssExplicit":"","extAlert":0,"extAlertText":"This link will take you to an external web site.","mailtoClass":0,"mailtoLabel":"(link sends e-mail)","extUseFontAwesome":false},"bootstrap":{"anchorsFix":1,"anchorsSmoothScrolling":1,"formHasError":1,"popoverEnabled":0,"popoverOptions":{"animation":1,"html":0,"placement":"right","selector":"","trigger":"click","triggerAutoclose":1,"title":"","content":"","delay":0,"container":"body"},"tooltipEnabled":1,"tooltipOptions":{"animation":1,"html":0,"placement":"auto left","selector":"","trigger":"hover focus","delay":0,"container":"body"}}});</script> </head> <body class="html not-front not-logged-in one-sidebar sidebar-first page-node page-node- page-node-324129 node-type-book" > <div id="skip-link"> <a href="#main-content" class="element-invisible element-focusable">Skip to main content</a> </div> <div class="wrapper"> <!-- Wrapper for Sticky Footer --> <div class="branding-region"> <div class="container"> <div class="region region-branding"> <section id="block-block-1" class="block block-block site-title-block clearfix"> <div class="site-title"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/">The American Presidency Project</a></div> </section> <section id="block-block-2" class="block block-block top-link-buttons clearfix"> <p><a class="btn btn-default" href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/about">About</a><a class="btn btn-default" href="/advanced-search"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-search"></span> Search</a></p> <p id="ucScript"><a href="https://www.ucsb.edu/" target="_blank"><img alt="ucsb wordmark black" src="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/pictures/uc_santa_barbara_wordmark_black_rgb.svg" style="width: 175px; height: 13px;" /></a></p> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div id="navbar" role="banner" class="navbar navbar-default"><!-- Only way to remove "container" class --> <div class="container"> <div class="navbar-header"> <!-- .btn-navbar is used as the toggle for collapsed navbar content --> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".navbar-collapse"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> </div> <div class="navbar-collapse collapse"> <nav role="navigation"> <ul class="menu nav navbar-nav"><li class="first expanded active-trail active dropdown"><a href="/documents" class="active-trail dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Documents <span class="caret"></span></a><ul class="dropdown-menu"><li class="first leaf active-trail active"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook" class="active-trail">Guidebook</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/documents/category-attributes">Category Attributes</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/statistics">Statistics</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/media" title="">Media Archive</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/presidents" title="">Presidents</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/analyses" title="">Analyses</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="https://giving.ucsb.edu/Funds/Give?id=185" title="">GIVE</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div role="banner" id="page-header" class="site-header"> </div> <div class="main-container container"> <div class="row"> <aside class="col-sm-3 no-print" role="complementary"> <div class="region region-sidebar-first well"> <section id="block-menu-block-8" class="block block-menu-block doc-sub clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">Documents</h2> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-8 menu-name-menu-documents parent-mlid-0 menu-level-1"> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf active-trail menu-mlid-10329 active"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook" title="" class="active-trail">Archive Guidebook</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10330"><a href="/documents" title="">Categories</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-10791"><a href="/documents/category-attributes" title="">Attributes</a></li> </ul></div> </section> <section id="block-book-navigation" class="block block-book oog-book clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">Table of Contents</h2> <div id="book-block-menu-324106" class="book-block-menu"> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first last expanded active-trail active dropdown"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook" class="active-trail dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Presidential Documents Archive Collections <span class="caret"></span></a><ul class="dropdown-menu"><li class="first collapsed"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/annual-messages-congress-the-state-the-union">Annual Messages to Congress on the State of the Union (Washington 1790 - the present)</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/inaugural-addresses">Inaugural Addresses </a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/farewell-addresses">Farewell Addresses </a></li> <li class="expanded active-trail active"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/party-platforms-and-nominating-conventions" class="active-trail">Party Platforms and Nominating Conventions</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/presidential-campaigns-debates-and-endorsements">Presidential Campaigns, Debates, and Endorsements</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/executive-orders-beginning-with-jq-adams">Executive Orders (Beginning with J.Q. Adams )</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/proclamations-washington-1789-present">Proclamations (Washington 1789 - present)</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/the-first-lady">The First Lady</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/news-conferences-starting-with-hoover-1929">News Conferences (Starting with Hoover, 1929 )</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/fireside-chats-f-roosevelt">Fireside Chats (F. Roosevelt)</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/the-presidents-weekly-address-saturday-radio-from">The President's Weekly Address (Saturday Radio from Reagan through Trump 1982 - 2018)</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/presidential-signing-statements-hoover-1929">Presidential Signing Statements (Hoover 1929 - present)</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/statements-administration-policy-reagan-1985">Statements of Administration Policy (Reagan (1985) - Biden (99th - 118th Congress)</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/documents-related-presidential-transitions">Documents Related to Presidential Transitions</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/the-economic-report-the-president-from-truman">The Economic Report of the President: (From Truman, 1947)</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/list-vice-presidents-who-served-acting-president">List of Vice-Presidents Who Served as Acting President Under the 25th Amendment</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/remarks-the-vice-president-theodore-roosevelt">Remarks by the Vice President (Theodore Roosevelt to present)</a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> </section> <section id="block-menu-block-7" class="block block-menu-block dropdown clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">Categories</h2> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-7 menu-name-menu-doc-cat-menu parent-mlid-0 menu-level-1"> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first expanded menu-mlid-10954 dropdown"><a href="/documents/app-categories/presidential" title="Presidential (73842)" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Presidential (243304) <span class="caret"></span></a><ul class="dropdown-menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-10910"><a href="/documents/app-categories/spoken-addresses-and-remarks/presidential/eulogies" title="Eulogies (55)">Eulogies (67)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10930"><a href="/documents/app-categories/written-presidential-orders/presidential/executive-orders" title="Executive Orders (5885)">Executive Orders (10454)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10912"><a href="/documents/app-categories/spoken-addresses-and-remarks/presidential/fireside-chats" title="Fireside Chats (27)">Fireside Chats (27)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10906"><a href="/documents/app-categories/presidential/interviews" title="Interviews (950)">Interviews (1031)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10894"><a href="/documents/app-categories/presidential/letters" title="Letters (4363)">Letters (4775)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10899"><a href="/documents/app-categories/presidential/miscellaneous-written" title="Miscellaneous Written (741)">Miscellaneous Written (112)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10907"><a href="/documents/app-categories/presidential/news-conferences" title="News Conferences (2096)">News Conferences (2513)</a></li> <li class="collapsed menu-mlid-10909"><a href="/documents/app-categories/presidential/spoken-addresses-and-remarks" title="Spoken Addresses and Remarks (5428)">Spoken Addresses and Remarks (34870)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10911"><a href="/documents/app-categories/spoken-addresses-and-remarks/presidential/farewell-addresses" title="Farewell Address (10)">Farewell Addresses (12)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10913"><a href="/documents/app-categories/spoken-addresses-and-remarks/presidential/inaugural-addresses" title="Inaugural Addresses (61)">Inaugural Addresses (63)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10895"><a href="/documents/app-categories/presidential/memoranda" title="Memoranda (1828)">Memoranda (3557)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10927"><a href="/documents/app-categories/citations/presidential/messages" title="Messages (11049)">Messages (12574)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10931"><a href="/documents/app-categories/written-presidential-orders/presidential/proclamations" title="Proclamations (7974)">Proclamations (9468)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10919"><a href="/documents/app-categories/spoken-addresses-and-remarks/presidential/saturday-weekly-addresses" title="Saturday Addresses (Radio and Webcast) (1629)">Saturday Weekly Addresses (1639)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10920"><a href="/documents/app-categories/spoken-addresses-and-remarks/presidential/state-dinners" title="State Dinners (953)">State Dinners (262)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10921"><a href="/documents/app-categories/spoken-addresses-and-remarks/presidential/state-the-union-addresses" title="State of the Union Addresses (98)">State of the Union Addresses (100)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10928"><a href="/documents/app-categories/citations/presidential/state-the-union-written-messages" title="State of the Union Messages (1)">State of the Union Written Messages (140)</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-10934"><a href="/documents/app-categories/statements" title="Statements (8647)">Statements (14621)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10924"><a href="/documents/app-categories/presidential/vetoes" title="Vetoes (266)">Vetoes (1228)</a></li> <li class="collapsed menu-mlid-10925"><a href="/documents/app-categories/presidential/citations" title="Written Messages (11021)">Citations (12942)</a></li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-10929"><a href="/documents/app-categories/presidential/written-presidential-orders" title="Written Presidential Orders (13858)">Written Presidential Orders (45926)</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10897"><a href="/documents/app-categories/remarks-administration-officials" title="Miscellaneous Press Secretary (23298)">Remarks by Administration Officials (182)</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-10887 dropdown"><a href="/documents/app-categories/elections-and-transitions" title="Elections and Transitions (16448)" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Elections and Transitions (50097) <span class="caret"></span></a><ul class="dropdown-menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-10888"><a href="/documents/app-categories/elections-and-transitions/campaign-documents" title="Campaign Documents (2747)">Campaign Documents (23621)</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-10889"><a href="/documents/app-categories/elections-and-transitions/convention-speeches" title="Convention Speeches (50)">Convention Speeches (128)</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-10890"><a href="/documents/app-categories/elections-and-transitions/debates" title="Debates (152)">Debates (191)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10892"><a href="/documents/app-categories/elections-and-transitions/party-platforms" title="Party Platforms (98)">Party Platforms (105)</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-10893"><a href="/documents/app-categories/elections-and-transitions/transition-documents" title="Transition Documents (346)">Transition Documents (691)</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-10883"><a href="/documents/app-categories/congressional" title="Congressional (3)">Congressional (11)</a></li> </ul></div> </section> </div> </aside> <!-- /#sidebar-first --> <section class="col-sm-9"> <a id="main-content"></a> <div class="region region-content"> <section id="block-system-main" class="block block-system clearfix"> <div about="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/party-platforms-and-nominating-conventions-3" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document" class="node node-book view-mode-full "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 "> <div class="field-title"> <h1>National Political Party Platforms </h1> </div> <div class="field-body"> <h4><strong><em>RELATED PAGE: <a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/app-categories/elections-and-transitions/party-platforms">Party Platforms</a> (allowing quick search by year)</em></strong></h4> <h4>Of Parties Receiving Electoral Votes and Others of Significance: 1840 - 2024</h4> <table border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" class="table table-responsive" style="width:750px;"> <thead> <tr> <td style="height: 16px; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><center style="text-align: center;"><strong>Year</strong></center></td> <td nowrap="nowrap" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>Party (link to document)</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>Download</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>Nominee</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>Electoral Votes</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong># Words</strong></td> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>2024</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/2024-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/books/presidential-documents-archive-collections-party-platforms-and-nominating-conventions/national-political-party-platforms/165904.pdf">pdf</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;">Kamala Harris</td> <td style="text-align: center;">TBD</td> <td style="text-align: center;">42,203</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/2024-republican-party-platform">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/books/presidential-documents-archive-collections-party-platforms-and-nominating-conventions/national-political-party-platforms/165441.pdf">pdf</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Donald Trump</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">TBD</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">5,201</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>2020</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/2020-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/books/presidential-documents-archive-collections/national-political-party-platforms/136019.pdf">pdf</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;">Joseph R. Biden, Jr.</td> <td style="text-align: center;">306</td> <td style="text-align: center;">42,092</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/resolution-regarding-the-republican-party-platform">Republican</a> (see 2016)**</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/books/presidential-documents-archive-collections/national-political-party-platforms/136059.pdf">pdf</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Donald Trump</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">232</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">n/a</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>2016</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/2016-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/books/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/national-political-party-platforms-of-parties-receiving-electoral-votes-1840-2016/117717.pdf">pdf</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;">Hillary Clinton</td> <td style="text-align: center;">227</td> <td style="text-align: center;">26,058</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/2016-republican-party-platform">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/books/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/national-political-party-platforms-of-parties-receiving-electoral-votes-1840-2016/117718.pdf">pdf</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Donald Trump</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">304</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">35,467</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>2012</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/2012-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/books/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/national-political-party-platforms-of-parties-receiving-electoral-votes-1840-2016/101962.pdf">pdf</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;">Barack Obama</td> <td style="text-align: center;">332</td> <td style="text-align: center;">26,558</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/2012-republican-party-platform">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/books/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/national-political-party-platforms-of-parties-receiving-electoral-votes-1840-2016/101961.pdf">pdf</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Mitt Romney</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">206</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">30,563</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>2008</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/2008-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/books/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/national-political-party-platforms-of-parties-receiving-electoral-votes-1840-2016/78283.pdf">pdf</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;">Barack Obama</td> <td style="text-align: center;">365</td> <td style="text-align: center;">25,997</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/2008-republican-party-platform">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/books/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/national-political-party-platforms-of-parties-receiving-electoral-votes-1840-2016/78545.pdf">pdf</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">John McCain</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">173</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">23,585</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>2004</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/2004-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/books/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/national-political-party-platforms-of-parties-receiving-electoral-votes-1840-2016/29613.pdf">pdf</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;">John F. Kerry</td> <td style="text-align: center;">251</td> <td style="text-align: center;">17,751</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/2004-republican-party-platform">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/books/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/national-political-party-platforms-of-parties-receiving-electoral-votes-1840-2016/25850.pdf">pdf</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">George W. Bush</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">286</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">41,156</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>2000</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/2000-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Albert Gore, Jr.</td> <td style="text-align: center;">266</td> <td style="text-align: center;">24,220</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/2000-republican-party-platform">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">George W. Bush</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">271</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">34,555</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1996</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1996-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">William J. Clinton</td> <td style="text-align: center;">379</td> <td style="text-align: center;">18,107</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1996">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Robert Dole</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">159</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">27,817</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1992</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1992-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">William J. Clinton</td> <td style="text-align: center;">370</td> <td style="text-align: center;">8,555</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1992">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">George Bush</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">168</td> <td style="text-align: center;">28,531</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1988</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1988-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Michael Dukakis</td> <td style="text-align: center;">111</td> <td style="text-align: center;">4,838</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1988">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">George Bush</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">426</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">35,838</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1984</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1984-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Walter F. Mondale</td> <td style="text-align: center;">13</td> <td style="text-align: center;">37,231</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1984">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Ronald Reagan</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">525</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">27,383</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1980</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1980-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Jimmy Carter</td> <td style="text-align: center;">49</td> <td style="text-align: center;">38,180</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1980">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Ronald Reagan</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">489</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">34,558</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1976</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1976-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Jimmy Carter</td> <td style="text-align: center;">297</td> <td style="text-align: center;">21,202</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1976">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Gerald R. Ford</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">240</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">20,463</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1972</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1972-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">George McGovern</td> <td style="text-align: center;">17</td> <td style="text-align: center;">25,615</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/libertarian-party-platform-1972">Libertarian</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">John Hospers</td> <td style="text-align: center;">1</td> <td style="text-align: center;">2,542</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1972">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Richard Nixon</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">520</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">24,407</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1968</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/american-independent-party-platform-1968">American Independent</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">George Wallace</td> <td style="text-align: center;">45</td> <td style="text-align: center;">12,818</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1968-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Hubert H. Humphrey</td> <td style="text-align: center;">191</td> <td style="text-align: center;">16,791</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1968">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Richard Nixon</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">301</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">10,013</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1964</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1964-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Lyndon B. Johnson</td> <td style="text-align: center;">486</td> <td style="text-align: center;">20,126</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1964">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Barry Goldwater</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">52</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">8,740</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1960</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1960-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">John F. Kennedy</td> <td style="text-align: center;">303</td> <td style="text-align: center;">16,098</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1960">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Richard Nixon</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">219</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">10,680</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1956</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1956-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Adlai Stevenson</td> <td style="text-align: center;">73</td> <td style="text-align: center;">12,839</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1956">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Dwight D. Eisenhower</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">457</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">11,390</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1952</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1952-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Adlai Stevenson</td> <td style="text-align: center;">89</td> <td style="text-align: center;">8,878</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1952">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Dwight D. Eisenhower</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">442</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">5,988</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1948</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1948-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Harry S. Truman</td> <td style="text-align: center;">303</td> <td style="text-align: center;">4,256</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1948">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Thomas E. Dewey</td> <td style="text-align: center;">189</td> <td style="text-align: center;">2,739</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/platform-the-states-rights-democratic-party">States' Rights</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Strom Thurmond</td> <td style="text-align: center;">39</td> <td style="text-align: center;">495</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/progressive-party-platform-1948">Progressive</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Henry A. Wallace</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">0</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">7,495</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1944</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1944-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Franklin D. Roosevelt</td> <td style="text-align: center;">432</td> <td style="text-align: center;">1,366</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1944">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Thomas E. Dewey</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">99</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">4,216</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1940</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1940-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Franklin D. Roosevelt</td> <td style="text-align: center;">449</td> <td style="text-align: center;">4,667</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1940">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Wendell L. Willkie</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">82</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">3,284</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1936</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1936-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Franklin D. Roosevelt</td> <td style="text-align: center;">523</td> <td style="text-align: center;">2,310</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1936">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Alfred M. Landon</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">8</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">3,030</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1932</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1932-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Franklin D. Roosevelt</td> <td style="text-align: center;">472</td> <td style="text-align: center;">1,489</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1932">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Herbert Hoover</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">59</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">7,832</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1928</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1928-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Alfred E. Smith</td> <td style="text-align: center;">87</td> <td style="text-align: center;">5,613</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1928">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Herbert Hoover</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">444</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">7,401</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1924</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1924-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">John W. Davis</td> <td style="text-align: center;">136</td> <td style="text-align: center;">5,819</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/progressive-party-platform-1924">Progressive</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Robert LaFollette</td> <td style="text-align: center;">13</td> <td style="text-align: center;">2,004</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1924">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Calvin Coolidge</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">382</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">5,227</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1920</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1920-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">James M. Cox</td> <td style="text-align: center;">127</td> <td style="text-align: center;">7,118</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1920">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Warren G. Harding</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">404</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">6,391</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1916</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1916-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Woodrow Wilson</td> <td style="text-align: center;">277</td> <td style="text-align: center;">4,570</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1916">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Charles E. Hughes</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">254</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">2,377</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1912</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1912-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Woodrow Wilson</td> <td style="text-align: center;">435</td> <td style="text-align: center;">4,696</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/progressive-party-platform-1912">Progressive</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Theodore Roosevelt</td> <td style="text-align: center;">88</td> <td style="text-align: center;">4,693</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1912">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">William Howard Taft</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">8</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">3,393</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1908</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1908-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">William Jennings Bryan</td> <td style="text-align: center;">162</td> <td style="text-align: center;">4,555</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1908">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">William Howard Taft</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">321</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">4,092</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1904</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1904-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Alton B. Parker</td> <td style="text-align: center;">140</td> <td style="text-align: center;">3,058</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1904">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Theodore Roosevelt</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">336</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">2,254</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1900</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1900-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">William Jennings Bryan</td> <td style="text-align: center;">155</td> <td style="text-align: center;">2,580</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1900">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">William McKinley</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">292</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">2,299</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1896</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1896-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">William Jennings Bryan</td> <td style="text-align: center;">176</td> <td style="text-align: center;">1,929</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1896">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">William McKinley</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">271</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">1,933</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1892</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1892-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Grover Cleveland</td> <td style="text-align: center;">277</td> <td style="text-align: center;">2,510</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/populist-party-platform-1892">Populist</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">James B. Weaver</td> <td style="text-align: center;">22</td> <td style="text-align: center;">1,488</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1892">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Benjamin Harrison</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">145</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">1,342</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1888</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1888-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Grover Cleveland</td> <td style="text-align: center;">168</td> <td style="text-align: center;">1,379</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1888">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Benjamin Harrison</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">233</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">2,391</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1884</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1884-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Grover Cleveland</td> <td style="text-align: center;">219</td> <td style="text-align: center;">2,695</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1884">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">James G. Blane</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">182</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">1,538</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1880</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1880-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Winfield S. Hancock</td> <td style="text-align: center;">155</td> <td style="text-align: center;">692</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1880">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">James A. Garfield</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">214</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">1,471</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1876</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1876-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Samuel Tilden</td> <td style="text-align: center;">184</td> <td style="text-align: center;">1,867</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1876">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Rutherford B. Hayes</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">185</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">1,363</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1872</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/liberal-republican-platform-1872">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;">Horace Greeley</td> <td colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;">66*</td> <td style="text-align: center;">633</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/liberal-republican-platform-1872">Liberal Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">624</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1872">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Ulysses S. Grant</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">286</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">1,270</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1868</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1868-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Horatio Seymour</td> <td style="text-align: center;">80</td> <td style="text-align: center;">1,422</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1868">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Ulysses S. Grant</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">214</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">924</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1864</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1864-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">George McClellan</td> <td style="text-align: center;">21</td> <td style="text-align: center;">506</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1864">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Abraham Lincoln</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">212</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">895</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1860</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/constitutional-union-party-platform-1860">Constitutional Union</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">John Bell</td> <td style="text-align: center;">39</td> <td style="text-align: center;">211</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1860-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Stephen Douglas</td> <td style="text-align: center;">12</td> <td style="text-align: center;">372</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1860">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Abraham Lincoln</td> <td style="text-align: center;">180</td> <td style="text-align: center;">1,194</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/democratic-party-platform-breckinridge-faction-1860">Southern Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">John Breckinridge</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">72</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">363</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1856</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/american-party-platform-1856">American ("Know Nothing")</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Millard Fillmore</td> <td style="text-align: center;">8</td> <td style="text-align: center;">698</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1856-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">James Buchanan</td> <td style="text-align: center;">174</td> <td style="text-align: center;">2,433</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-party-platform-1856">Republican</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">John C. Fremont</td> <td style="text-align: center;">114</td> <td style="text-align: center;">952</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/whig-party-platform-1856">Whig</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Millard Fillmore</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">8</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">566</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1852</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1852-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Franklin Pierce</td> <td style="text-align: center;">254</td> <td style="text-align: center;">1,367</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/whig-party-platform-1852">Whig</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Winfield Scott</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">42</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">650</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="1" rowspan="3" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1848</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1848-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Lewis Cass</td> <td style="text-align: center;">127</td> <td style="text-align: center;">1,865</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/whig-party-platform-1848">Whig</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Zachary Taylor</td> <td style="text-align: center;">163</td> <td style="text-align: center;">784</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/free-soil-party-platform-1848">Free Soil</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Martin Van Buren</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">0</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">1,183</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1844</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1844-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">James K. Polk</td> <td style="text-align: center;">170</td> <td style="text-align: center;">938</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/whig-party-platform-1844">Whig</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Henry Clay</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">105</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">357</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><strong>1840</strong></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/1840-democratic-party-platform">Democratic</a></td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">Martin Van Buren</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">60</td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #43b4e0;">536</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="6"> <p><em>* Horace Greeley died on November 29, 1872, between the date the popular votes were cast and the electoral votes were cast. 63 of his electoral votes were cast for other Democrats, while 3 were cast posthumously for Greeley.<br />** On June 10, 2020, the executive committee of the Republican National Committee chose not to adopt a new platform in 2020 and left the 2016 platform in place for the 2020 election. (<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/11/us/politics/republican-platform.html">link</a>) On August 24, 2020, the Republican National Committee issued a resolution regarding this decision.</em></p> <p><em>Word counts include the preamble (if any). Excluded is the table of contents, list of committee members, and any dedication material before the preamble. Dedication material included within, or after the preamble, is included.</em> <em>Microsoft Word was used to compute word counts.</em></p> <p><strong>Citation</strong>: Gerhard Peters. "Political Party Platforms of Parties Receiving Electoral Votes." The American Presidency Project. Ed. John T. Woolley and Gerhard Peters. Santa Barbara, CA: University of California. 1999-2024. <a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/party-platforms-and-nominating-conventions-3">www.presidency.ucsb.edu/node/324129</a></p> <p><strong>Media That Have Cited These Data</strong>:<br />• The Washington Post—"<a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/politics/2016-election/conventions/party-platform-evolution/" target="_blank">What Republicans and Democrats Have Disagreed On, from 1856 to Today</a>" <em>by Ted Mellnik, Chris Alcantara and Kevin Uhrmacher</em>. July 15, 2016</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/images/chart_platforms_2016_lg.jpg"><img alt="Length in Words of Democratic and Republican Platforms: The American Presidency Project" src="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/books/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/national-political-party-platforms-of-parties-receiving-electoral-votes-1840-2016/chart_platforms_2016_720.jpg" /></a></p> <p><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/images/chart_platforms_DEM_lg.jpg"><img alt="Length in Words of Democratic Party Platforms: The American Presidency Project" src="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/books/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/national-political-party-platforms-of-parties-receiving-electoral-votes-1840-2016/chart_platforms_DEM_720.jpg" /></a></p> <p><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/images/chart_platforms_REP_lg.jpg"><img alt="Length in Words of Republican Party Platforms: The American Presidency Project" height="482" src="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/books/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/national-political-party-platforms-of-parties-receiving-electoral-votes-1840-2016/chart_platforms_REP_720.jpg" width="731" /></a></p> </div> <div id="book-navigation-324106" class="book-navigation"> <ul class="pager clearfix"> <li class="previous"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/party-platforms-and-nominating-conventions" class="page-previous" title="Go to previous page">‹ Party Platforms and Nominating Conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/party-platforms-and-nominating-conventions" class="page-up" title="Go to parent page">up</a></li> <li class="next"><a href="/documents/presidential-documents-archive-guidebook/party-platforms-and-nominating-conventions-4" class="page-next" title="Go to next page">Interesting Convention Facts and Firsts ›</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Needed to activate display suite support on forms --> </section> </div> <!-- Content --> </section> </div> </div> </div> <footer class="site-footer no-print"> <div class="container"> <div class="region region-footer"> <section id="block-block-4" class="block block-block attribution clearfix"> <p><span>The American Presidency Project</span><br />John Woolley and Gerhard Peters<br /><strong><a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/contact">Contact</a></strong></p> </section> <section id="block-block-6" class="block block-block foot ucsb clearfix"> <p style="text-align: center;display:inline-block;"><a class="twitter" href="https://twitter.com/presidency_proj" target="_blank">Twitter</a> <a class="facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/pg/american.presidency.project/" target="_blank">Facebook</a></p> </section> <section id="block-block-5" class="block block-block copyright clearfix"> <p>Copyright © The American Presidency Project<br /><a href="http://www.ucsb.edu/terms-of-use" target="_blank">Terms of Service</a> | <a href="https://www.privacy.ucsb.edu/information-privacy/website-privacy" target="_blank">Privacy</a> | <a href="/accessibility">Accessibility</a></p><p><img alt="uc santa barbara logo" src="/sites/default/files/pictures/uc-santa-barbara-wordmark-white1x.svg" style="width: 197px; min-width: 150px; height: 14px;object-fit:cover;" /></p> </section> </div> </div> </footer> <script src="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_NKBfN5q_T2fdeVG6tE3pdNU7glYkyzgPuDTc4K3Ne1w.js"></script> <script src="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/js/js_MRdvkC2u4oGsp5wVxBG1pGV5NrCPW3mssHxIn6G9tGE.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"dee899de70","applicationID":"80106271","transactionName":"bl1XYxNYWkVYVxFdWVcXYEUIFhtfV1AATBhJUEU=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":553,"atts":"QhpUFVtCSUs=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>